query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Feature that differentiates true from aificial bruise | contusion: not well defined, diffuse, and irregular margins Aificial bruise: well defined with regular margins. Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY DR PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE 120 | 7,600 | medmcqa_train |
The prototype of type-H hypersensitivity reaction is? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Autoimmune hemolytic anemia | 7,601 | medmcqa_train |
True statement about ductus Arteriosus is – | This question deals with the changes in blood circulation that occur at birth :
Closure of Ductus arteriosus
The closure occurs almost immediately after birth by contraction of its muscular wall, mediated by bradykinin. i.e.
Physiological closure.
Anatomic closure occurs by proliferation of intima, and may take fro... | 7,602 | medmcqa_train |
A five year old child presents with ballooning of prepuce after micturation. Examination of penis reveals prepucial adhesions which the following the best treatment | The child is having congenital phimosis(inability to retract the prepuce over the glans) in which case the child has pinhole meatus and ballooning of prepuce on voiding. The best treatment is circumcision. Patients with phimosis are more prone for recurrent infection, smegma collection and carcinoma penis. Reference : ... | 7,603 | medmcqa_train |
Torus aorticus involves: | Ans. d (Right atrium). (Ref. Grey, Anatomy, 36th ed., 644)Torus aorticusAnterosuperior part of septal wall of right atrium bulges to some degree into the atrial cavity as torus aorticus. It is caused by proximity of right posterior aortic sinus and cusp.Torus auditoryThe postero-inferior wall of external meatus occasio... | 7,604 | medmcqa_train |
Cavett test is used for detection of | Test for alcohol :
Cavett test
Kozelka and thine test
Alcohol dehydrogenase test
Gas chromatography (Most specific) | 7,605 | medmcqa_train |
All are features of Meniere's disease except: | Giddiness occurring in certain head positions such as bending forward to pick up an article or reaching for an article in the overhead shelf or turning one's position in the bed is a feature of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The condition is due to free-floating particles (otoconia) in the endolymph of ve... | 7,606 | medmcqa_train |
The most common complication of immunosuppression is: | Ans. (c) InfectionRef: Bailey 26th edition, Page 1416* Bacterial infection is most common in 1st month and is most common in those who are critically ill before and after transplant.* Viral infection is most common in 6 months--Most common is CMV > HSV* BK virus is universal in childhood causes urinary infection* Pneum... | 7,607 | medmcqa_train |
'Time out' is useful in the treatment of: | Time-out- behavioral modification that involves temporarily separating child from an environment where an unacceptable behavior has occurred. The goal is to remove that child from an enriched, enjoyable environment- lead to extinction of the offending behavior. Distraction and 'time-out' strategies are useful in treatm... | 7,608 | medmcqa_train |
The extended sickness benefit is given for: | 309 days | 7,609 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is a killed vaccine | Japanese encephalitis vaccine is a killed vaccine Killed vaccines are produced by growing virus or bacteria in a culture media and then inactivating them with heat or chemicals They are usually safe but less efficacious than live attenuated vaccines. Measles, yellow fever and influenza vaccines are live attenuated vacc... | 7,610 | medmcqa_train |
Undiagnosed or undetected ectopic pregnancy is a common cause of maternal death during the first trimester. Most valuable diagnostic test in a case of suspected ectopic pregnancy is: | Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) has the advantage of earlier and better localization of the pregnancy, with less pelvic discomfo because the bladder is not painfully distended. The double-ring sign and the yolk sac must be identified to ensure that the pregnancy is intrauterine. When an intrauterine pregnancy is no... | 7,611 | medmcqa_train |
A 6 - year - old boy with lymphoreticular malignancy has come for a cycle of chemotherapy. Which of the following investigatins need to be done for next 4 hours to diagnose tumour lysis syndrome? | Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) - -Uric acid, phosphate and potassium are released in large quantities from death of tumour cells. -Hyperuricemia can lead to impairment of renal function, which fuher exacerbates the metabolic abnormalities. -Hypocalcaemia is a consequence of acute hyperphosphatemia with subsequent precipit... | 7,612 | medmcqa_train |
All true about CisATRACURIUM except- | Cisatracurium is pure sis isomer of atracurium. It is more potent and has longer onset time than atracurium. Metabolism is similar to atracurium. It releases less histamine than atracurium. Cisatracurium does not cause histamine release unlike atracurium. Cisatracurium produces laudanosine but is about five times lesse... | 7,613 | medmcqa_train |
Ejection fraction is about | The ejection fraction, the percent of the end-diastolic ventricular volume that is ejected with each stroke, is about 65%. The ejection fraction is a valuable index of ventricular function. | 7,614 | medmcqa_train |
In a man lifting up a suitcase, posterior dislocation of glenohumeral joint is prevented by: | Ans. (c) CoracobrachialisRef : Gray's 41st ed./819-821* The coracobrachialis is an elongated muscle in the superomedial part of the arm. The coracobrachialis helps flex and adduct the arm and stabilize the glenohumeral joint.* With the deltoid and long head of the triceps, it serves as a shunt muscle, resisting downwar... | 7,615 | medmcqa_train |
Xerosis is seen in: September 2006 | Ans. A: Vitamin A deficiency | 7,616 | medmcqa_train |
What is the treatment of choice in duodenal ulcer without any complication of hemorrhage? | Proton pump inhibitors like Omeprazole can produce relief in patients with duodenal ulcer. Perforation complicates duodenal ulcer about half as often as bleeding and most perforated ulcers are on the anterior surface of the duodenum. The patient population tends to be elderly (mean age 60-70), chronically, ill patients... | 7,617 | medmcqa_train |
The maintenance dose of digoxin | Slow digitalization: Here maintenance dose of Digoxin (average 0.25 mg/day) is given from the beginning. Full response takes 5-7 days to develop, but the procedure is much safer. In case an adequate response is not seen after I week, increase the dose to 0.375 and then to 0.5 mg after another week.Rapid oral digitaliza... | 7,618 | medmcqa_train |
Pentosuria is due to defect in which pathway? | Essential Pentosuria i. It is one of the members of the Garrod&;s tetrad. The incidence is 1 in 2,500 bihs. ii.It is an inborn error of metabolism, due to defect in glucuronic acid pathway of glucose. In the pathway, L-xylulose is conveed to D-xylulose by two enzymes, xylitol dehydrogenase and xylulose reductase absenc... | 7,619 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following milestone is achieved at 36 months - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Riding a tricycle Milestones seen at 36 monthso Rides tricycleo Stands momentarily on one footo Draws a circle.o Can dress or undress himself completely and succesfully buckles his shoeso Builds tower of 10 cubeso Knows his gender and ageo Repeats a sentence of 6 syllableso Has a vocabulary of 250 wor... | 7,620 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following ovarian tumor is most prone to undergo torsion during pregnancy? | Ans. is c, i.e. Dermoid cystRef. Novak 14/e, p 510; Dutta Obs. 6/e, p 310"Incidence of dermoid cyst increases two times in pregnancy and it becomes the most commonly diagnosed ovarian tumour during pregnancy." --Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 310"A benign cystic teratoma is the most common neoplasm to undergo torsion." --Novak 14/e... | 7,621 | medmcqa_train |
Thermo-stability in DNA is contributed mostly by: | B i.e. G CThermostability in DNA is constributed mostly by C GQ because there are 3 Hydrogen bonds between C & GQ. G C bonds are much more resistant to denaturation or melting than A= T rich region (2 Hydrogen bonds) | 7,622 | medmcqa_train |
Direct action of radiation is the dominant process for | Ionizing radiation acts by two methods: Direct and IndirectDirect action is radiation directly causing DNA damage; example: neutrons and alpha paiclesIndirect action is radiation causing free radical production which acts on DNA; example: photons and gamma raysReference: Khan Physics of Radiation therapy; 5th edition | 7,623 | medmcqa_train |
Chesser Moir technique is used in : | VVF Chassar Moir technique is used for repair of vesico vaginal fistula. Few named surgical procedures In Few named surgical procedures In Procedure Indication Marshall -- Marchetti Krant surgery Marshall and Bonneys test Boari operation Manchester operation Fothergill operation Strassmam Metroplasty Jones Metroplasty ... | 7,624 | medmcqa_train |
The storage triacylglycerol are hydrolysed by: | Ans. D. Hormone sensitive lipase(Ref: Harper 31/e page 244)Pancreatic lipase to hydrolyse dietary TGsLipoprotein lipase to hydrolyse TGs in lipoprotein in the bloodLysosomal hydrolase to act on TGs in lysosomes | 7,625 | medmcqa_train |
Shelf life of platelets in blood bank is? | Platelets are stored in plasma or in additive solution up to 5-7 days at 20-24degC and under permanent motion. | 7,626 | medmcqa_train |
All the following pathogenic bacteria fulfill Koch's postulates, except - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Treponema pallidum | 7,627 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the most common location of carcinoid tumor ? | Location of carcinoid tumors: Bronchus 27.9% , Ileum 14.9%, Rectum 13.6 %, colon 8.6 %. So Ileum comes next to bronchus and first in GI tract. Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 3058, Table 350-3 | 7,628 | medmcqa_train |
Limits of confidence of a hypothesis determined by? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 1-Level of significance First read about these different terms : ? Confidence interval It is the interval within which a parameter value is expected to lie with ceain confidence levels, as could be revealed by repeated samples. o It is the interval (range) around the mean of population in which the me... | 7,629 | medmcqa_train |
A patient suffering from Zollinger- Ellison syndrome would be expected to have: | Ans. C. A gastrin-secreting tumor of the pancreas, causing excessive stomach acid secretion and peptic ulcersExcessive production of gastrin results in acid hypersecretion and peptic ulcer disease. Patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome do not suffer from excessive acid reflux, excessive secretion of CCK, failure of ... | 7,630 | medmcqa_train |
Most common ALL subtype: | Ans. (a) Pre B cellRef: Robbin's pathology 9th ed. /590-93* Most common subtype of ALL is LI according to older classification and Pre B cell variety by the latest WHO classification.* The recent WHO International panel on ALL recommends that the FAB classification be abandoned, since the morphological classification h... | 7,631 | medmcqa_train |
Crude birth rate – Not true is | Crude birth rate (CBR) : is the natality or childbirths per 1,000 people per year.
CBR (World) : 19.9 per 1000 population (Max 15 Niger ; Min 7 Monaco) .
CBR (india) : 21.8 per 1000 population .
Is a measure of fertility.
CRUDE means it includes all causes and all ages - It is independent of age of population. | 7,632 | medmcqa_train |
A 28-year-old previously healthy woman arrives in the emergency room complaining of 24 h of anorexia and nausea and lower abdominal pain that is more intense in the right lower quadrant than elsewhere. On examination she has peritoneal signs of the right lower quadrant and a rectal temperature of 38.38degC (101.8degF).... | Cecal diverticula must be differentiated from the more common variety of diverticula that are usually found in the left colon. Cecal diverticula are thought to be a congenital entity. The cecal diverticulum is often solitary and involves all layers of the bowel wall; therefore, cecal diverticula are true diverticula. D... | 7,633 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 years old male presented with silvery scales on elbow and knee, that bleed on removal. The probable diagnosis is – | Morphology of papules/plaques in various papulosquamotas disorders
Psoriasis - Erythematous papules and plaques on extensors (elbow & knee
Lichen planus - Violaceous papules with Wickham's striae an flexural surface
Pityriasis rosea - Annular plaques on Trunk
Seborrheic dermatitis - Yellowish, follicular papules on sc... | 7,634 | medmcqa_train |
Fluroide ions act by inhibiting - | A i.e. Enolase | 7,635 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following agents is useful for the oral treatment ofboth pituitary as well as renal diabetes insipidus? | (Ref: KDT 6/e p577, 578) Thiazides are useful in the treatment of central as well as nephrogenic DI. Vasopressin, chlorpropamide and carbamazepine are useful only in central DI. | 7,636 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following protein binds to free heme? | Ans: c) Hemopexin Option analysis: Binding protein Ceruloplasmin is a copper containing protein Haptoglobin Free Haemoglobin Hemosiderin Denatured ferritin Hemopexin is a b1-globulin that binds free heme | 7,637 | medmcqa_train |
Pregnant patient comes at 34 weeks gestation with leaking. which investigation can be done for diagnosing the leak? | Speculum Examination- Done taking aseptic precautions to inspect the liquor escaping out through the cervix. During sterile speculum examination,ruptured membranes are diagnosed if Amniotic fluid pools in the posterior fornix or clear fluid flows from cervical canal | 7,638 | medmcqa_train |
mood stabilizer used in the tretament of rapid cycling | Lamotrigine is a mood stabilizer which works best in BIPOLAR DEPRESSION Lithium is a mood stabilizer which works best in BIPOLAR MANIA valproate is a mood stabilizer which works best in RAPID CYCLING ref. kaplon and sadock, synopsis of psychiatry, 11 thedition, pg no.935 | 7,639 | medmcqa_train |
The protective value of vaccine is 95%. It means | Vaccine is an immuno-biological substance designed to produce specific protection against a given disease
It stimulates the production of protective antibody and other immune mechanisms
Vaccines can be prepared from live modified organisms, inactivated or killed organisms, extracted cellular fractions, toxoids or combi... | 7,640 | medmcqa_train |
Quellung's reaction is seen in all except: | Ans. D. Neisseria meningitidesQuellung reaction is capsular swelling seen in capsulated bacteria. N. gonorrhoeae is not capsulated. | 7,641 | medmcqa_train |
False statement about TX A2 is | TX A2 is produced inside the platelets with the help of TX A2 synthetase It is formed from cyclic Endo peroxidase(PGG2/H2) with the help of an enzyme, cyclooxygenase Aspirin inhibit its production by reversible inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzyme TX A2 causes aggregation of platelets, therefore is prothrombotic Refer k... | 7,642 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for strongyloides stercoralis? | Ans. C. IvermectinRef: K.D,T, Thle p, 850i Katzung 13th/e p. 909; Satoskar Pharma 24'e p. 816; Rang and Dale |th/e p. 573Strongyloid - IvermectinAnaerobes - MetronidazoleAtypical Pneumonia (mycoplasma) - ErythromycinCholera - DoxycyclineStaphylococci - PenicillinVRSA - LinezolidP. Carinii (jiroveci) - CotrimoxazolePseu... | 7,643 | medmcqa_train |
PHYSICAL QUALITY OF LIFE INDEX (PQLI) includes: | Ans. a (Infant mortality, Life expectancy and Literacy). (Ref Park PSM 22nd/ pg. 16)INDEXPHYSICAL QUALITY OF LIFE INDEX (PQLI)Consist of# Infant mortality,# Life expectancy at age one, and# Literacy.National and international comparison can be done.Kerala has highest PQLI.KUPUSWAMY INDEXKupuswamy index of social classi... | 7,644 | medmcqa_train |
A 26 years old primigravida at 30 weeks of gestation on clinical examination, has blood pressure values of 142/100 mm Hg. 150/94 mmHg and 150/100 at 6 hours intervals. The next line of management is: | Ans. is c, i.e. Add methyldopaIn this case although patient has mild elevated BP but her BP is continuously increasing which means she needs antihypertensive. The antihypertensive which can be used in pregnancy is Methyldopa. | 7,645 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following can be used as tumor marker in pancreatic carcinoma? | CA 19-9 is a tumor marker for pancreatic as well as colon cancers. | 7,646 | medmcqa_train |
Incubation period for diptheria and salmonella is | Diphtheria Causative agent : Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a gran positive non-motile organism Diphtheria is an endemic disease in India Source of Infection Carriers are more impoant as source of infection: 95% of total disease transmission Nasal carriers are more dangerous than throat carriers Incidence of carriers in ... | 7,647 | medmcqa_train |
What would you advise a mother who has an allergy to protein but still wants to breastfeed? | A: Breast milk does not contain protein unlike cow’s milk, so it is safe to let the mother breastfeed the infant.
B: The nurse should inform the mother of the benefits of breastfeeding and should not simply hand over the responsibility to the physician.
C: Formula milk contains cow’s milk protein which could trigger an... | 7,648 | medmcqa_train |
Fluoroacetate blocks the Krebs cycle by inhibiting the following enzyme | The poison fluoroacetate is found in some of the plants, and their consumption can be fatal to grazing animals. Some fluorinated compounds used as anticancer agents and industrial chemicals (including pesticides) are metabolized to fluoroacetate. It is toxic because fluoroacetyl-CoA condenses with oxaloacetate to form ... | 7,649 | medmcqa_train |
An organism not invading intact cornea- | Following three pathogens can invade the intact corneal epithelium and produce ulceration:
Neisseria gonorrhoea,
corynebacterium diphtheriae and
Neisseria meningitidis. | 7,650 | medmcqa_train |
True of case control studies | <p>case control studies usually known as retrospective studies.are those which proceeds from efect to cause .it mainly involves two study populations cases and controls.they are basically comparison studies from which the"odds ratio" can be calculated.focus is on a health problem that has already occurred.not much pati... | 7,651 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following adaptations will be apt to increase the work capacity at high altitude? | Exercise increases oxygen requirements, which must now be met in the face of this decreased oxygen. Increase workload, will increase sever O2 demand, which cannot be met at high altitude due to low paial pressure of oxygen, fuhermore it can precipitate pulmonary edema. But decrease workload and increase duration, will ... | 7,652 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about Helicobacter pylori except: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., All children in developing countries have immunity by five years of age(Ref: Harrison, 16th/e, p. 886,19th/e, p. 1038; Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 400)* Duodenal ulcer (80%) and Gastric ulcer (60%) are associated with H. pylori.* Gastric adenocarcinoma, gastric MALT lymphoma, Autoimmune gastritis, Hyper... | 7,653 | medmcqa_train |
Laryngeal prominence is formed by- | The lower part of anterior borders of right and left laminae of thyroid fuse and form a median projection called laryngeal prominence. | 7,654 | medmcqa_train |
A 35 year old man who recently traveled to a third world country develops chronic, severe dysentery. Colonoscopy demonstrates ulceration of the cecum, and a cecal biopsy reveals 15-to-40 micron amoebae with ingested erythrocytes and small nuclei with distinctive tiny central karyosomes. Which of the following organisms... | Entamoeba histolytica is the usual cause of intestinal amebiasis, and has the microscopic features described in the question stem. A paicularly helpful (but not always present) feature of this organism is the presence of ingested red blood cells within the amoebae. These amoebae cause flask-shaped ulceration of the int... | 7,655 | medmcqa_train |
Strongest oxygen radical amongst the following is | Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) radicals like the hydroxyl radical . It is the most reactive of them all; note how it differs from the hydroxyl ion . the superoxide anion which is both ion and radical | 7,656 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following causes minimal Poo hepatic compromise | Sclerotherapy is used in esophageal varices Endoscopic sclerotherapy controls active hemorrhage in 80% to 90% of patients. The combination of sclerotherapy with somatostatin, octreotide, and vapreotide has been repoed to be superior to sclerotherapy alone in terms of control of bleeding and reduction of treatment failu... | 7,657 | medmcqa_train |
Eye of tiger sign on MRI is seen in | The eye of tiger sign refers to abnormal low T2 signal on MRI in the globus pallidus with a logitudinal stripe of high signal (due to gliosis and spongiosis). | 7,658 | medmcqa_train |
Minimal Ascites can be best detected by: | A i.e. USG Earliest detection Investigation Ascites USGQ Pericardial effusion EchocardiographyQ Bronchiectasis CT-ScanQ Fetal life DopplerQ Pleural effusion IA lateral decubitus viewQ Pneumoperitonum Erect chest X-ray or left lateral decubitus abdominal X-rayQ | 7,659 | medmcqa_train |
Benzodiazepine without anticonvulsant propey is? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Temazepam BZDs with significant anticonvulsant propey are diazepam, clonazepam, nitrazepam, lorazepam and flurazepam. | 7,660 | medmcqa_train |
A tumor has the following characteristics. Retrobulbar location within the muscle cone, well defined capsule, presents with slowly progressive proptosis, easily resectable, occurs most commonly in the 2nd to 4th decade. Most likely diagnosis is - | Cavernous hemangioma is the most common benign, intraconal tumor in adults.
Hemangiopericytoma is also retrobulbar intraconal lesion found in adults but is a rare tumor Moreover owing to its tendency to invade the adjacent tissues, its margins are less distinct than cavernous hemangioma.
Rest 2 options i.e. Dermoid and... | 7,661 | medmcqa_train |
MgCl2 is added to polio vaccine because of the following - | molar MgCl2 is used to dtabilise the vaccine against heat inactivation REF:ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.488 | 7,662 | medmcqa_train |
After a radiograph revealed a sialolith (stone) in a patient's right submandibular duct, the surgeon exposed the duct an intraoral approach. In this approach, what tissues or structures must be cut through? | The submandibular duct is found deep to the mucous membrane of the mouth, but superficial to the muscles of the tongue and the muscles on the floor of the mouth. So, genioglossus, mylohyoid, and hyoglossus are deep to the submandibular duct. | 7,663 | medmcqa_train |
Most common location of Splenculi? | Ans. C. Splenic hilum. (Ref. LB 26th pg. 1089)"Splenunculi are single or multiple accessory spleen that are found approximately in 10-30% of the population. They are located near the hilum of the spleen in 50% of the cases and are related to the splenic vessels or behind the tail of pancreas in 30%. The reminder are lo... | 7,664 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug does not cause hypokalemia - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Amiodarone Drugs causing hypokalemia agonist o Licorice o Penicillin derivatives o Amphotericin B o Theophylline o Steroids alpha Blockers o Toluene abuse o Gentamicin o Insulin o Vitamin B12 o Diuretics Carbenoxalone | 7,665 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following condition is associated with Cutis anserina? | Cutis anserina is a postmoem skin finding in drowning. In this the skin appears like an orange peel. This is due to the rigor mois of the erector pilorum muscles of hair follicles in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Another postmoem skin finding of drowning is postmoem lividity, which is seen on the dependent pas of ... | 7,666 | medmcqa_train |
In a patient predisposed to glaucoma, the drug contraindicated is: | Ans. None of the above | 7,667 | medmcqa_train |
A 41year old married female presented with a headache for the last 6 months. She had several consultations. All her investigations were found to be within normal limits. She still insists that there is something wrong in her head and seeks another consultation. The most likely diagnosis is - | Information in this questions
Preoccupation with fear of illness (something wrong in the head).
Preoccupation is due to misinterpretation (headache as something wrong in the head)
Normal investigations
Multiple consultations
Diagnosis is hypochondriasis | 7,668 | medmcqa_train |
For diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, Fasting blood glucose level should be more than - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 126 mg/di DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR DIABETES1) Symptoms of diabeticsplusrandom blood glucose concentration >200 mg/dl.(Random is defined as without regard to time since last meal)or2) Fasting plasma glucoseQ > (126 mg/dl)or3)Two hour plasma glucoseQ > (200mg/dl) during an oral GTTor4) A1C > 6.5% (Added ... | 7,669 | medmcqa_train |
The risk of carbamazepine induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome is increased in the presence of which of the following genes? | HLA DRUG DISEASE B1502 CARBAMAZEPINE STEVEN JOHNSON SYNDROME B5801 ALLOPURINOL SKIN REACTION B5701 ABACAVIR MI B53 MALARIA PROTECTION B27 ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS | 7,670 | medmcqa_train |
'Which of the following represents a non deliberate cultural practice leading to anti-mosquito effect - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Use of alkaline detergent As the name suggests, nondeliberate antimosquito effect means mosquito control measure which is not intentional or deliberate. Mosquitoes do not grow in water with alkali. Since most soaps and detergents are alkali based, use of soaps and detergents has a nondeliberate antimo... | 7,671 | medmcqa_train |
Most common infections after splenectomy are: | Overwhelming post splenectomy infection MC late(after 2-5 years) fatal complication of splenectomy After splenectomy, ability to filter and phagocytose bacteria, paicularly encapsulated bacteria (Streptococcus pneumonia, Hemophilus influenza, Neisseria meningitides) and parasitized blood cells is lost. MC infection aft... | 7,672 | medmcqa_train |
In a chronic smoker with mild haemoptysis. He also gave a history of hypertension and obesity. Lab data showed raised ACTH levels, which were not suppressed by dexamethasone. The cause for the Cushing's syndrome in the patient is - | Remember this
In normal person → Low dose dexamethasone suppresses cortisol secretion.
In Cushing's syndromes → Low dose dexamethasone is unable to suppress cortisol secretion.
When Cushing's syndrome is caused due to ectopic ACTH product... | 7,673 | medmcqa_train |
True about non competitive in hibition are all except- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Potency reduced Competitive antagonistNon comoetitive antagonist1. Antagonist bind to the same receptors as agonist2. Antagonist resembles chemically with the agonist3. The same maximal response can be obtained4. Potency is reduced (Right shift of DRC)5. Km is increased but Vmax is unchanged1. Binds t... | 7,674 | medmcqa_train |
In pemphigus circulating antibodies attack: | Pemphigus
Is a skin and mucous membrane disease with autoimmune etiology.
Characterized histologically by intradermal blisters circulating IgG (IgG1 and IgG4) antibody against keratinocyte cell surface (attack Desmoglein 1 and 3). | 7,675 | medmcqa_train |
Brown type gallstones are formed due to: | Pigment stones are composed of calcium bilirubinate and are classified into "black" and "brown" types, the latter forming secondary to chronic biliary infection. Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Pages 2616-17 | 7,676 | medmcqa_train |
Pathognomic lesion in HIV is: September 2011 | Ans. B : Oral leukoplakia Oral hairy leukoplakia is viually pathognomic of HIV disease in the context of HIV risk factors. AIDS and HIV Infection with HIV-1 is associated with a progressive decrease of the CD4+ T cell count and an increase in viral load, the level of HIV in the blood. The stage of infection can be dete... | 7,677 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not visualized on posterior rhinoscopy: | Posterior rhinoscopy: It is method of examination of the posterior aspect of nose and pharynx. Structures seen on posterior rhinoscopy: - Both choanae - Posterior end of nasal septum - Opening of Eustachian - Posterior end of superior/tube middle and inferior turbinates - Fossa of Rosenmuller - Torus Tubarius - Adenoid... | 7,678 | medmcqa_train |
Perimetry is a test to assess the – | The tests used to measure the field of vision are confrontation test and Perimetry. | 7,679 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following amino acids can be phosphorylated? | The OH groups of serine, tyrosine, and threonine frequently serve as the points of covalent attachment for phosphoryl groups that regulate protein function Protein kinase enzymes catalyse the phosphorylation while protein phosphatase enzymes catalyse the dephosphorylation. Ceain protein kinases are specific to the amin... | 7,680 | medmcqa_train |
The veebral aery traverses all of the following except | Veebral aery is the first and largest branch of the first pa of the subclan aery, destined chiefly to supply the brain PAS OF VEEBRAL AERY: FIRST PA-The first pa extends from the origin of the aery to the transverse process of sixth cervical veebrae SECOND PA-The second pa runs through foramina transversaria of the upp... | 7,681 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is not seen in inflammatory ahritis? | New bone formation i.e osteophyte formation is seen in non inflammatory conditions like osteoahritis. Raised ESR, morning stiffness in and around the joints lasting for more than 30 minutes, periaicular osteoporosis are features of inflammatory ahritis. The joint space narrowing, and marginal erosions are also seen. | 7,682 | medmcqa_train |
Various agents are used for local anaesthesia. The first local anaesthetic used in clinical anaesthesia was: | The first local anesthetic, cocaine, was serendipitously discovered to have anesthetic propeies in the late 19th century. Cocaine occurs in abundance in the leaves of the coca shrub (Erythroxylon coca). Cocaine was first isolated in 1860 by Albe Niemann. Ref: Catterall W.A., Mackie K. (2011). Chapter 20. Local Anesthet... | 7,683 | medmcqa_train |
Systemic effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) include all of the following except | Systemic sequelae of OSAS include hypertension, Cor Pulmonale, and cardiac arrhythmia. | 7,684 | medmcqa_train |
Reye's Syndrome is cause by all except- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., RSV Reye's syndrome Reye's syndrome is a metabolic mitochondria! disorder characterized by - i) Fatty infiltration of liver ii) Encephalopathy iii) Sometimes fatty infiltration of kidney o So, it so also known as Encephalopathy with fatty degeneration of viscera. Etiology o It is an acute self limitin... | 7,685 | medmcqa_train |
Recptors for vibration sense- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Paccinian corpuscle Tactile (touch) receptors* For touch (superfical touch) :- Meissner's corpuscle (detect texture of surface, i.e. rough or smooth), Merkel's disc (detect two point discrimination).* For pressure (deep touch) :- Ruffini's end organ (slowly adapting).* Vibrations :- Detected by Pacini... | 7,686 | medmcqa_train |
Small cell Ca lung, DNA of the necrotic cells get deposited on vessels? | Ref: Internet SourcesExplanation:Azzopardi phenomenon:In necrotic areas of tumor, dark blue DNAliberated from dead cells sometimes coats vessel walls.The tumor cells surrounding the vessels show coagulative necrosis. The pink area at the lower right shows karyolysis of tumor nuclei. | 7,687 | medmcqa_train |
Mediator of acute inflammation not derived from cell is: | (Refer: Robbins & Cotran’s – Pathologic Basis of Disease, SAE, 1st edition, Vol I–pg no: 82-85)
Chemical mediators of inflammation
Cellular mediators | 7,688 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is/are not intermediate acting non depolarizing NMB - | Non depolarizing muscle relaxants are classified according to their structure and duration of action as: Stucture Clinical duration Long acting (>50 min) Intermediate (20-50 min) Sho (15-20 min) Ultra-sho (<10-12 min) Steroidal Pancuronium Pipecuronium Vecuronium Rocuronium Benzyliso- quinolinium d-Tubocurarine Metacur... | 7,689 | medmcqa_train |
The amino acid cannot be used for glycogen synthesis - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Leucine o Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors is called gluconeogenesis.o When the end product is glycogen instead of glucose, the process is called glyconeogenesis, i.e., synthesis of glycogen from noncarbohydrate precursors.o Terms gluconeogenesis and glyconeogenesis are used inter... | 7,690 | medmcqa_train |
Diplopia is characteristic feature of | Signs of paralytic squint:
1. Primary deviation.
2. Secondary deviation.
3. Restriction of ocular movements.
4. Compensatory head posture.
5. False protection. | 7,691 | medmcqa_train |
Normal PCWP with pulmonary edema is seen in? | In Lv dysfunction and MS there will increase in pcwp with pulmonary edema . Normal pcwp withpulmonary edema is seen in Non cardiogenic pulmonary edema like ARDS,HIGH ALTITIDE ,Rapid evacuation of pneumothorax /hemothorax. | 7,692 | medmcqa_train |
All are indications for postoperative radiotherapy in a case of Carcinoma Endometrium Except | Pelvic postoperative radiotherapy (external) in a dose of 6000 cGy over a 6-week period is recommended in high-risk cases such as an undifferentiated tumor, myometrial infiltration, pelvic node involvement, and in serous, clear cell and adenosquamous carcinoma. The postoperative radiotherapy is required in Stages IA (G... | 7,693 | medmcqa_train |
Allergic bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis is commonly a complication of: | ABPA represents a hypersensitivity to Aspergillus fumigatus. It is common in asthma and teenagers with cystic fibrosis. | 7,694 | medmcqa_train |
Inferior mesenteric vein drains into: | Ans. B. Splenic veininferior mesenteric vein (IMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the large intestine. It usually terminates when reaching the splenic vein, which goes on to form the portal vein with the superior mesenteric vein.Tributaries of the inferior mesenteric vein drain the large intestine, sigmoid co... | 7,695 | medmcqa_train |
A lady has carcinoma in upper and outer quadrant of the breast. It usually metastasises to all of the following lymph nodes, EXCEPT? | Lymphatics from most of the breast drains into axillary lymph nodes. The medial most poion of the breast drain through the chest wall into the internal mammary lymph nodes. So carcinoma in this patient which is in the upper outer quadrant spreads to the anterior, central and lateral group of axillary nodes. Aerial supp... | 7,696 | medmcqa_train |
Waste in yellow plastic bags are treated by | Waste such as anatomical waste , solid waste,soiled waste , chemical waste is collected in yellow coloured bag and treated and disposed by incineration | 7,697 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of metastatic prostate carcinoma is: | Ref: The Washington Manual of Surgery, 6th editionExplanation:"Hormonal therapy with either bilateral orchiectomy or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists usually is reserved for men with locally advanced or metastatic disease"Management of Prostate cancerIncidentally diagnosed Tla and T1b disease.For men >70 ... | 7,698 | medmcqa_train |
Examination of arrested person by medical practitioner at the request of the arrested person. Is defined under which section of the Code Of Criminal Procedure | Section 54 in The Code Of Criminal Procedure, 1973 54. Examination of arrested person by medical practitioner at the request of the arrested person. When a person who is arrested, whether on a charge or otherwise alleges, at the time when he is produced before a Magistrate or at any time during the period of his detent... | 7,699 | medmcqa_train |
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