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Which is most common side effect of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate? | * Most of the side effects of steroids are mainly hoarseness, orophyrangeal candidiasis, decreased growth in children with adrenal suppression.* The plausible explanation is that since these drugs are inhaled, they avoid the first pass metabolism that orally administered steroids undergo and hence have preponderance to... | 7,500 | medmcqa_train |
All are true regarding bleaching powder, except - | Bleaching powder (Chlorinated lime) CaOCl2 It is a white amorphous powder with a pungent smell which contains 33% of available chlorine. It is an UNSTABLE compound. It can be stabilised by mixing with an excess of lime. It should be stored in dark, cool and dry place in a closed container that is resistant to corrosion... | 7,501 | medmcqa_train |
Three layers of embryo are formed at what age? | Ans. (d) 21 daysRef: Langmanris embryology 10th ed ch:5 | 7,502 | medmcqa_train |
If a doctor gives a -false medical certificate to a patient, he is liable to be prosecuted under which section of the IPC - | 197 IPC: Issuing or signing (attesting) false certificate by a doctor is a criminal offence. | 7,503 | medmcqa_train |
Isotretinoin to be stopped before pregnancy | Isotretinoin iseffective for treating severe acne but it is is category X drug in pregnancy. It is recommended that a woman should wait at least 1 month after stopping Isotretinoin before trying to became pregnant but the desirable time is 3 months. | 7,504 | medmcqa_train |
The doctrine of resipsa loquitur means - | Ans-C Doctrine of res ipsa loquituro It means "the thing or fact speaks for itself".o In a case of professional negligence of a physician, the patient need not prove negligence.o It is applied when the following conditions are fulfilled :That is the absence of negligence the injury would not have occurred ordinarily.Th... | 7,505 | medmcqa_train |
Self breast examination by females is advisable to be done at which of the following time? | Ans. C. 7-10 days after menses. (Ref Textbook of Gynaecology by D C Dutta 5th/pg. 538).Textbook of Gynaecology by D C Dutta 5th/pg. 53S....under the heading "Breast self examination":"Breast self examination should be made into a habit, certainly by the age of 20. The examination should be made on a monthly basis follo... | 7,506 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following are bounded by membrane containing sterols: March 2011 | Ans. D: Mycoplasma Mycoplasma are devoid of cell walls The cells are bounded by a soft trilaminar unit membrane containing sterols | 7,507 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for panic disorder? | Management plan for panic disorder Psychological treatment Self-help books, computerized cognitive behavioral therapy Cognitive behavioral therapy Pharmacotherapy Antidepressants Social interventions | 7,508 | medmcqa_train |
The earliest sign of tuberculosis of vocal cords is | The weakness of voice is the earliest symptom followed by hoarseness of voice. Ulceration of larynx produces severe pain, which may radiate to ears. Pain during swallowing is seen in later stages. On examination, hyperemia of the vocal cord in its whole extent or confined to posterior pa with impairment of adduction is... | 7,509 | medmcqa_train |
Richest source of retinoids is? | Ans. (b) Halibut liver oilRef: Harper's Biochemistry 27/e, chapter 44, Textbook of medical biochemistry S. Ramakrishnan 3/e, p 393 | 7,510 | medmcqa_train |
Erethism occur in - | Erethism is seen in mercury poisoning. | 7,511 | medmcqa_train |
"Cobblestone" appearance seen on colonoscope is cheracteristic of the following disease | .in crohn&;s disease,Fibrosis, stricture formation, deep ulcers, oedema of mucosa between ulcer areas which looks like 'cobble stone', skipped normal areas in between, serosal opacity, mesen-teric fat stranding, enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes, abscesses in the mesentery, fistula are the pathology. Small mucosal aphtho... | 7,512 | medmcqa_train |
The mechanism of action of Sofosbuvir? | Sofosbuvir is used orally for Hep C. Orally given once daily in combination with ledipasvir or ribavirin or PEG-interferon for 24 weeks. It is a Hep C NS5B polymerase inhibitor. Ref: HL.Sharma 3rd ed. Pg 800 | 7,513 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is porphyrines gives stools their characteristics brown color? | Stercobilin is a tetrapyrrolic bile pigment and is one end-product of heme catabolism. It is the chemical responsible for the brown color of human feces and was originally isolated from feces in 1932Urobilinogen is a colourless by-product of bilirubin reduction.Heme or haem is a cofactor consisting of a Fe2+ (ferrous) ... | 7,514 | medmcqa_train |
The following is true about Nesidioblastosis except? | Nesidioblastosis
In 1938, Laidlow coined the term nesidioblastosis to describe the neodifferentiation of islets of Langerhans from pancreatic ductal epithelium.
Severe recurrent hypoglycemia associated with an inappropriate elevation of serum insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin defines this disorder.
The disorder later... | 7,515 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of acute epididymitis in young males | Young males most common organism is chlamydia
Age > 40 most common organism is E Coli | 7,516 | medmcqa_train |
Vanilloid receptors are activated by | Vanilloid receptors are VR 1 and VRL 1 for painful temperature. | 7,517 | medmcqa_train |
Source of ATP in RBCs is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Glucose* RBCs don't have mitochondria* RBC membrane integrity is maintained by Na+K+ATPase. This pump pumps out 3 sodium ions and reciprocally pumps in 2 potassium ions. In other words, this pump helps in maintaining low sodium concentration within RBCs. Sodium accumulation is avoided, as sodium attra... | 7,518 | medmcqa_train |
Location Hasner's of valve? | Opening of nasolacrimal ductNasolacrimal duct opens into inferior meatus and is closed by a mucosal flap called Hasner's valve | 7,519 | medmcqa_train |
Deficiency of cortisol causes: | Addison’s Disease:
Addison’s disease results from an inability of the adrenal cortices to produce sufficient adrenocortical hormones.
In Addison’s disease, either glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid deficiency may come first, but eventually all patients fail to secrete both classes of corticosteroid. | 7,520 | medmcqa_train |
Features of healthy gallbladder on laparotomy are all except | Healthy Gallbladder Greenish blue or sea-green color Thin and elastic wall Can be emptied by squeezing Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno : 1494 | 7,521 | medmcqa_train |
Immediate source of energy is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., ATP o There are three energy systems to provide energy for muscular activities.Immediate energy system : Energy is provided by stored ATP and creatine phosphate.Anaerobic glycolytic system (lactic acid system) : Energy is generated by utilization of glucose or glycogen by anaerobic glycolysis. This en... | 7,522 | medmcqa_train |
Regular drinking of which of the following can help prevent Urinary Tract infection (UTI) | Cranberry juice Mechanism of prevention of UTI: Proanthocyanidis in cranberry juice prevent bacterial fimbriae from attaching to wall of Urinary Bladder and urinary tract Ref: How cranberry juice can prevent Urinary tract Infections, Science daily, July 21,2008) | 7,523 | medmcqa_train |
Vit B 12 is absorbed in | The cobalamin-lF complex travels through the gut. The complex binds to specific receptors on the surface of the mucosal cells of the ileum. The binding of the complex and entry of B12 into the mucosal cells is mediated by Ca2+ ions. In the mucosal cells, B12 is converted to methyf cobalamin. lt is then transport... | 7,524 | medmcqa_train |
The ducts of all the following glands consist of stratified cuboidal epithelium except | Sebaceous glands are microscopic exocrine glands in the skin that secrete an oily or waxy matter, called sebum, to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair of mammals. In humans, they occur in the greatest number on the face and scalp, but also on all pas of the skin except the palms of the hands and soles of the fee... | 7,525 | medmcqa_train |
Childbirth trauma leading to Urinary incontinence is seen least in females with: | Childbirth trauma causes damage of the pelvic floor and pubocervical fascia leading to urinary incontinence. The injury is more common in gynecoid and least in android pevis. | 7,526 | medmcqa_train |
A person laughs to a joke, then suddenly loses tone of all muscles. Diagnosis is: DNB 09; JIPMER 13 | Ans. Cataplexy | 7,527 | medmcqa_train |
The following tests are related to blood coagulation disorders in obstetrics except: | A complete coagulation profile is done which includes fibrinogen,fibrin degradation products,paial thromboplastin time,prothrombin time,platelet count.The best marker of severity is the fibrinogen level (refer pgno:137 sheila textbook of obstetrics 2 nd edition) | 7,528 | medmcqa_train |
Fibrocystic disease of the breast has been associated with elevated blood levels of | Fibrocystic disease (chronic cystic mastitis) is a common disorder of the adult female breast. It is rare after cessation of ovarian function, either natural or induced. Its association with estrogens is inferential. In postmenopausal women it only occurs when replacement estrogen therapy is in use. Its main clinical s... | 7,529 | medmcqa_train |
ATP synthetase is a marker of ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Mitochondria | 7,530 | medmcqa_train |
DNA topoisomerase 1 autoantibody is specific for? | Scl-70 antibodies are associated with more severe scleroderma disease. Anti-topoisomerase antibodies can be classified according to their immunoglobulin class (IgM, IgG or IgA). IgG-ATA is found most frequently in scleroderma, with IgA being quite common but IgM very infrequent. Ref Robbins 9/e pg 230 | 7,531 | medmcqa_train |
What is the abnormality shown in this shoulder Radiograph? | Electric Bulb/Light Bulb Appearance on Shoulder Radiograph Is suggestive of posterior Dislocation of Shoulder. | 7,532 | medmcqa_train |
Most common vasculitis in children | UPDATE- Most common vasculitis in children Kawasaki Disease. | 7,533 | medmcqa_train |
Foraminal brain herniation leads to? | Foraminal brain herniation leads to compression of the medulla leading to respiratory arrest. Third nerve palsy causing ipsilateral pupillary dilatation and ipsilateral hemiplegia occurs in uncal (midbrain) herniation Locked in state occurs due to a lesion of ventral pons. | 7,534 | medmcqa_train |
Random sampling is not done in? | Quota sampling is a method for selecting survey paicipants that is a non-probabilistic version of stratified sampling. Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 913 | 7,535 | medmcqa_train |
Regarding rabies, true is: | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Incubation period depends on the site of bite(Ref: PSM Park, 19th/e, p. 228)Variability of Incubation Period* Incubation period of rabies depends on:- The site of bite.- Number of wounds.- Species of biting animal.- Severity of bite.- Amount of virus injected.- Protection provided by clothing and trea... | 7,536 | medmcqa_train |
The commando operation is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Excision of carcinoma of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, pa of the jaw and lymph nodes enbloc | 7,537 | medmcqa_train |
Insulin resistance syndrome includes all of the following, Except: | Answer is C (Hyperuricemia): Hyperuricemia is not a feature of Insulin resistance metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance syndrome refers to the metabolic syndrome associated with insulin resistance. Besides insulin resistance, the associated manifestations of the syndrome include hypeension, dyslipidemia Triglycerides ... | 7,538 | medmcqa_train |
A multigravida came for routine antenatal check up. She had a history of medical termination of pregnancy due to fetus with anencephaly. Anencephaly is best diagnosed in the present pregnancy by using: | Anencephaly is a lethal defect characterized by absence of the brain and cranium above the base of the skull and orbits. In the first half of pregnancy, the diagnosis made by elevated alpha-feto protein in amniotic fluid and confirmed by sonography. Inability to obtain a view of the biparietal diameter should raise sus... | 7,539 | medmcqa_train |
False for pelvic congestion syndrome is | Pelvic congestion syndrome is a recognized cause of chronic pelvic pain in women that has been associated with lumbo-ovarian vein varices.Dyspareunia, when present, may be a poor prognostic indicator. Symptoms are often worse with fatigue, before menstruation, and in the upright position. | 7,540 | medmcqa_train |
Stapedius muscle is supplied by: | (7th nerve): Ref: 225-LT (91-D 4th)STAPEDIUS MUSCLE - after emerging from the pyramid, is inserted into the neck of the stapes* It has an action of damping the movement of the stapes by tilting outwards the anterior end of the foot plate.* Supplied by facial nerveTENSOR TYMPANI MUSCLE - arise from the cartilaginous par... | 7,541 | medmcqa_train |
Synaptic transmission between pain fibers from the skin and spinal cord neurons is mediated by: | Substance P is found in neurons within the hypothalamus and spinal cord. It is released from small A delta and C fibers that relay information from nociceptors to neurons within the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord. Endorphins and other opioid neurotransmitters may paially inhibit the perception of pain by pres... | 7,542 | medmcqa_train |
The bad prognostic factors of schizophrenia include | Age below 18years early age of onset, poor compliance to medications, poor insight, poor knowledge, attitude and practice among family members, expressed emotions among family members , male gender, insidious onset of illness , simple and hebephrenic type of schizophrenia are usually bad prognostic factors for schizoph... | 7,543 | medmcqa_train |
A 26-year-old lady, complains to her gynaecologist of discomfo during intercourse. Pelvic examination demonstrates a frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge with a strong odour and small, red, ulcerations of the vaginal wall. A wet mount preparation demonstrates motile, flagellated protozoa. Which of the following is th... | Trichomonas vaginalis, the causative organism of trichomoniasis, is a single-celled protozoan parasite with a predilection for infecting the vagina. The organism can be identified with intra-office wet mount preparations, cultured, or recognized on Pap smears (although this should be confirmed by culture, as the Pap sm... | 7,544 | medmcqa_train |
Which personality disorder of DSM-IV is not classified as PD & is placed with schizophrenia in ICD 10 - | A schizotypal personality disorder is classified in cluster 'A' in DSM-IV-TR classification. In ICD- 10 classification schizotypal disorder is classified with schizophrenia and related disorder. | 7,545 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following TCA cycle intermediate is a part of heme metabolism? | Ans. (c) Succinyl CoARef: Harpers Biochemistry 30th Ed; Page No- 325Steps of Synthesis of Heme* To produce 1 molecule of heme, 8 molecules each of glycine and succinyl-CoA are required.* It is divided into1. Synthesis of Porphobilinogen (Monopyrrole)2. Synthesis of Uroporphyrinogen (Tetrapyrrole)3. Conversion of Uropor... | 7,546 | medmcqa_train |
Amiddle aged female presents with polyahritis with elevated rheumatoid factor and A.N.A. levels, which among the following will help you to differentiate rheumatoid ahritis from SLE? | Aicular erosions on X-ray Always remember this impoant point about SLE "Erosions on joint X-ray are rare, their presence suggests a non lupus inflammatory ahropathy such as rheumatoid ahritis". This fact has been asked so many times in various exams as : ? "Non erosive ahritis is a. feature of which of the following" O... | 7,547 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a metastasis suppressor gene in relation to prostate cancer | Prostate cancers account for 43% of all cancers diagnosed in American men. It is estimated that in 1996, 317,000 new cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed and 41,000 men died of the disease. The challenge of treating prostate cancer lies in accurately distinguishing those histologically-localized cancers which will c... | 7,548 | medmcqa_train |
Hera lal a 35 year old man was found to be positive for HBsAg and HBeAg , accidentally during a screening for blood donation. On Lab examination SGOT and SGPT are normal. What should be the most appropriate next step? | Patient in the question is positive for HBsAg and HBeAg, so he is more likely to be highly infectious and must be associated with the presence of Hepatitis B virions and a detectable HBV DNA. Ref: Harrisons Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Chapter 304, Page 2540 ; Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology By Warren... | 7,549 | medmcqa_train |
True about CSF rhinorrhea is -a) Occurs due to break in cribriform plateb) Contains glucosec) Requires immediate surgeryd) Contains less protein | Let us see each option Separately
Option a – Occurs due to break in cribriform plate. This is correct
Option b – CSF contains glucose and option d It has less proteins
In comparison to nasal secretions – CSF contains more of glucose and less of proteins (Turner 10/e, p 28) hence both options b and d are correct
Opti... | 7,550 | medmcqa_train |
Enzyme defect in galactosemia | Galactosemia 1. There is deficiency of enzyme galactose-1phosphate uridyl transferase. It is an inborn error of metabolism. The incidence is 1 in 35,000 bihs. Hermann Kalckar described it in 1958. 2. Due to the block in this enzyme, galactose-1phosphate will accumulate in liver. This will inhibit galactokinase as well ... | 7,551 | medmcqa_train |
Oral vancomycin can be used for treatment of ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pseudomembranous colitis o Vancomycin is used orally to treat pseudomembranous colitis by clostridium difficile because it is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and higher concentration reaches the colon. | 7,552 | medmcqa_train |
A 5-month-old pale and lethargic male infant is brought to emergency. On examination, HR is 240 bpm and it does not change with crying. Lungs are clear and no hepatomegaly present. His ECG is given below. Which of the following is the first step in management of this patient? | ECG s/o Supraventricular tachycardia Characterized by rapid hea rate (about 250 beats per minute)and a consistent P wave for each QRS complex. Prolonged SVT can lead to hea failure with hepatomegaly and respiratory compromise. Fetal SVT can lead to hydrops fetalis. The first-line treatment is to stimulate the vagus ner... | 7,553 | medmcqa_train |
Hydatid disease of liver is caused by -a) Strongloidesb) Echinococcus granulosusc) Taenia soliumd) Trichinella spiralise) Echinococcus multilocularis | Hydatid disease:
Echinococcus granulosus: Causes Hydatid disease—Hepatomegaly (60—70% of cases), then lungs
E. multilocularis: Causes Alveolar Hydatid disease (90%-liver involvement)
E. oligarthrus and E.vogeli: Causes Polycystic Hydatid disease. | 7,554 | medmcqa_train |
Health care made universally accessible to individuals and acceptable to them is called | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Primary health care | 7,555 | medmcqa_train |
A child is receiving corticosteroids for medical therapy. The following is not a contraindication in this child for receiving a live viral vaccine: | d. Chronic asthmatic child receiving low dose inhaled steroid for 10 months(Ref: Ghai 8/e p 142)Low dose steroids are not a contraindication to live vaccines. | 7,556 | medmcqa_train |
Kleptomania means | Disruptive, Impulse-Control & Conduct Disorder: include intermittent explosive disorder, pyromania, kleptomania, conduct disorder*, antisocial personality disorder* , oppositional defiant disorder*. (* - usually described as a type of personality disorders) Feature Of Impulse-Control Disorders failure to resist an impu... | 7,557 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are zoonosis, except: | Zoonosis is defined by the Joint FAO/WHO Expe Committee as 'those diseases and infections which are naturally transmitted between veebrate animals and man'. There are more than 150 diseases and infections having reservoir as animals and is communicable to man. These zoonotic diseases may be caused by viruses, bacteriae... | 7,558 | medmcqa_train |
Inherited coagulation defect with T coagulation is found in - | Ans. is 'a'i.e Protein C deficiency; 'b' i.e., Protein S deficiency; 'c' i.e., Antithrombin III deficiency | 7,559 | medmcqa_train |
Paltauf's hemorrhages are seen in - | Paltauff's haemorrhages: Usually seen in the lower lobes of the lungs in drowning. They may be seen on the anterior surface and interlobar surfaces of lungs. They are red or grey patches. They may be seen on the surface due to interstitial emphysema. They may however be absent. This condition of the lung is called 'Emp... | 7,560 | medmcqa_train |
Looser's zones are seen in which of the following ? | Condition where milkman's fracture may be seen *Rickets/osteomalacia *Renal osteodystrophy *Paget's disease *Fibrous dysplasia *Hereditary hyperphosphatasia *Idiopathic Looser&;s Zone ( Milkman&;s Pseudofractures ) Pathognomonic * Looser zones are radiolucent lines that are often penetrating through the coex perpendicu... | 7,561 | medmcqa_train |
Contributory negligence is related with: | Contributory Negligence: Negligence of both patient and doctors. For e.g Doctor puts tight plaster on patient (Doctor Negligent). The patient develops numbness but does not inform doctor and suffers injury (patient negligent). It is a defence only in civil negligence and has no place in criminal negligence. Other rules... | 7,562 | medmcqa_train |
Detection of aneuploidy in 1st trimester: | Ans. A. hCG and PAPP-ARef: William's 24th/ed, p289Table 2: Selected Down syndrome screening strategies and their detection rateStrategyAnalytesDetection Rate3 (%)First-trimester screenNT, PAPP-A, and hCG or free p-hCG79-87NTNT alone64-70Triple testMSAFP hCG OR free p-hCG, uE361-70Quadruple (Quad) testMSAFP, hCG or free... | 7,563 | medmcqa_train |
Deficiency of zinc causes all of the following except: March 2010 | Ans. D i.e. None | 7,564 | medmcqa_train |
Epulis is? | ANSWER: (A) BenignREF: Textbook of Surgery by Roshan Lai Gupta 2nd ed Page 471EPULISEpulis represents a family of benign tumors of gingiva. The classification includes:Granulomatous epulis, pyogenic granulomaGiant cell epulis (Myeloid epulis)Fibrous epulis (Most common) | 7,565 | medmcqa_train |
Community health centres covering a population of - | As on march 31st 2014 ,5363 community health centers were established by upgrading the primary health care covering a population of 80,000 to 1.20 lakh with 30 beds and specialist in surgery,medicine,obstetrics,gynaecology and paediatrics with x- ray and laboratory facilities (refer pgno:907 park 23 rd edition) | 7,566 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following medications essential for ameliorating the toxicity of pemetrexed: | Ans. b. Folic acid and vitamin B12 Pemetrexed Toxicity Pemetrexed toxicity mirrors that of methotrexate, with the additional feature of a prominent erythematous and pruritic rash in 40% of patientsQ. Dexamethasone, 4 mg twice daily on days -1, 0 and +1, markedly diminishes this toxicity. Unpredictably, severe myelosupp... | 7,567 | medmcqa_train |
Pyridoxine is used in treatment of ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Homocystinuria Inborn error of metabolism and Treatment Alkaptonuria Vitamin C, Folic acid Homocystinuria Pyridoxine + Folic acid Cystinuria Alkalization of urine + d-Penicillamine, Captopril Hanup disease Nicotinamide Multiple carboxylase eficiency Biotin Methyl malonic academia Vitamin B 12 Hyperoxa... | 7,568 | medmcqa_train |
Benedict's hand is due to injury to - | Ans. is'b'i.e., Median nerveBenediction deformity of hand (Benedict hand) and positive Benediction test are seen in median nerve injury. | 7,569 | medmcqa_train |
The crescent formation is characteristic of the following glomerular disease - | Regardless of the cause, the classical histological picture of RPGN is characterized by the presence of crescents in most of the glomeruli.
So, RPGN is also known as crescentic glomerulonephritis.
Crescent formation
Despite the wide variety of diseases that causes RPGN, all types of RPGN are characterized by glomeru... | 7,570 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about Mastoid antrum except | (B) It does not communicate with middle ear# Mastoid Antrum:> Is a large, air-containing space in the upper part of mastoid and communicates with the attic through the aditus.> Its roof is formed by the tegmen antri and is a continuation of the tegmen tympani and separates it from the middle cranial fossa.> The lateral... | 7,571 | medmcqa_train |
All are absolute contraindications for regional anesthesia Except | INR > 2 is a relative contraindication for ophthalmic anaesthesia | 7,572 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following appears as spinal cord edema in MRI scan? | Most spinal cord infarctions are detected by MRI. After a few days, there are obvious lesions on the T2 sequences, presumably reflecting edema that extends over several levels. There may be slight enhancement after infusion of gadolinium. MRI taken in the first hours or day is often normal. In the chronic stages, the i... | 7,573 | medmcqa_train |
Earliest method of diagnosing pituitary tumour | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CT Scan | 7,574 | medmcqa_train |
FAST - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., USG o FAST stands for focused assessment with sonography for trauma,o FAST is the preferred triage method for determining the presence of hemoperitoneum in blunt trauma patients or cardiac tamponade in blunt and penetrating trauma patients,o The four areas scanned in FASTSubxiphoid areaRt. upper quadr... | 7,575 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following vitamins can be used for treatment of hypercholesterolemia? | ANTI-DYSLIPIDEMIC AGENTS Group Mechanism Drugs Special points Statins HMG CoA reductase inhibition Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin Max LDL lowering capacity Fibrates Stimulation of PPAR-alpha Clofibrate Fenofibrate Gemfibrozil Max TG lowering capacity Bile acid sequestrants Binds bile acids in GIT Cholestyramine, Colestipol... | 7,576 | medmcqa_train |
True about EMLA: | B i.e. Mixture of local anesthesia - Procaine, Mepivacaine & BupivacaineQ (Provide me BUM) are never used topically. - EMLA is eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (2.5% lidocaine & 2.5% prilocaine)Q commonly used to make venepuncture painless especially in children. | 7,577 | medmcqa_train |
Dose of Carbetocin for post paum hemorrhage | Refer Goodman Gilman 12th/1851 Carbetocin is along acting Oxytocin that us useful to prevent post pay hemorrhage given intramuscularly or intravenously in a dose of 100 microorgam | 7,578 | medmcqa_train |
Schatzki's ring is present in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Squamocolumnar junction in esophagus Schatzki's ringo It occurs at the junction of squamous and columnar epithelium at the lower end of oesophagus and has also been called lower oesophageal ring.o Usually seen in patients above 50 years of age.o Cause is unknown.o Symptomatic patients complain of inte... | 7,579 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about ulnar nerve except: | Ans. c. Supply flexor digitorum superficialis Nerve course:Root value of ulnar nerve is C7, C8 6 T1.Ulnar nerve (C8, T1) arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus & descends in the interval b/w the axillary aery & veinAt elbow, ulnar nerve passes behind the medial epicondyleThe cubital tunnel is a channel whic... | 7,580 | medmcqa_train |
Collagen is found in following, except? | Fibroblasts | 7,581 | medmcqa_train |
True about blood pressure measurement is all/except | Diastolic blood pressure is indicated by fouh Korotkoff sound According to American Hea Association- onset of phase I Korotkoff s sound corresponds to systolic pressure and the disappearance of sounds (phase V) corresponds to diastolic pressure . More points about measuring blood pressure The standard technique for blo... | 7,582 | medmcqa_train |
In status epilepticus, drug of choice is: | A i.e. IV diazepam Status epilepticus is said to occur when seizures lasts beyond 30 minutes or seizures are repetitive, prolonged & the patient remains unconscious in between the seizures. The drug of choice is /V Lorazepam (Benzodiazipine)Q 0.1 mg/kg at rate of 2 mg/min. Pharmacologic treatment of generalized tonic-c... | 7,583 | medmcqa_train |
When activated by b-adrenergic receptors, the G protein: | When norepinephrine binds to a beta-adrenergic receptor, it activates a G protein (i.e., a guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding protein), which, in turn, activates adenylate cyclase. Adenylate cyclase catalyzes the formation of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), which activates a variety of kinases. One of th... | 7,584 | medmcqa_train |
Generator area in a nerve cell is | The first poion of the axon is called the initial segment. The Initial segment in spinal motor neurons, the initial node of Ranvier in cutaneous sensory neurons is a site where propagated action potentials are generated.(Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology Twenty-Third Edition) | 7,585 | medmcqa_train |
Coronary blood flow is maximum during? | ANSWER: (D) I so volumetric relaxationREF: Ganongs 22nd ed page 621CORONARY BLOOD FLOW:Coronary blood flow, like blood flow in other vessels, is dependent on a pressure gradient, principally driven by mean arterial pressure. However, because aortic pressure can vary widely and because the heart beats continuously, the ... | 7,586 | medmcqa_train |
Ideal age for repair of vaginal agenesis is : | Before marriage Repair of vaginal agenesis (seen in testicular feminizaton syndrome and Rokitansky-Kuster Hauser syndrome) is done by vaginoplasty. Vaginoplasty should only be performed when the girl is just married or about to be married. Techniques : 1. Frank dilatation (Non surgical method). 2. Construction of aific... | 7,587 | medmcqa_train |
Which type of articulators permit horizontal as well as vertical motion, but do not orient the motion to the TMJ via facebow transfer? | Class II articulator:
Articulator which permit horizontal and vertical motion but they do not orient the movement to TMJ with a facebow.
Three types. | 7,588 | medmcqa_train |
Sensory supply of vocal cord ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Above the vocal cords the sensory innervation of larynx is internal laryngeal nerve (a branch of superior laryngeal nerve). Below vocal cords it is by way of branches of recurrent laryngeal nerve. The vocal cord itself receives dual innervation from both nerves"_en.wikipedia Nerve sup... | 7,589 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the following is not inherited as X-linked recessive: March 2005, September 2012, March 2013 | Ans. C: Cystic fibrosis X-linked diseases usually occur in males. Males have only one X chromosome. A single recessive gene on that X chromosome will cause the disease. The Y chromosome is the other half of the XY gene pair in the male. However, the Y chromosome doesn't contain most of the genes of the X chromosome. It... | 7,590 | medmcqa_train |
The tensile strength of the wound stas and increases after | Wounds do not begin to gain tensile strength from collagen until 5 - 7 days. Wound achieves around 20 % by 3 weeks, and around 60 % by four months. Scar tissue continues to remodel for at least 6 - 12 months after an injury. | 7,591 | medmcqa_train |
Characteristic of obstructive pulmonary disease are all except: March 2007 | Ans. C: Reduced residual volume The diagnosis of COPD is confirmed by spirometry. Spirometry measures the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) which is the greatest volume of air that can be breathed out in the first second of a large breath. Spirometry also measures the forced vital capacity (FVC) which is th... | 7,592 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is a true statement about Thymosin? | Thymosin is a thymic hormone that regulates pre-T cell development. It is not released from the pituitary. Antithymocyte antibodies are not thymosin but are useful in transplantation rejection therapy. Lymphokines are released from T cells, but thymosin is a thymic hormone, not a lymphokine. Ref: Kipps T.J. (2010). Cha... | 7,593 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following malignant disease of children has the best prognosis? | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Wilms' tumour Ref: C.P.D.T 16th/e page 807-809, 811 Schwartz Surgery page 1748, 1749, 1747Prognosis depends most importantly upon staging but there are multiple factors affecting the prognosisAfter going through the survival rates of these tumours and confirming our answer with a paediatric oncologist ... | 7,594 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true about fouh hea sound 'S4' | 4th hea sound cannot be heard even by a stethoscope since its frequency is below the audible limit (20 Hz). It is produced during last rapid filling of ventricles, which occurs due to atrial systole. Hence, it is also called "atrial sound". S1: Closure of A.V. valves (25-45 Hz) and S2: closure of semilunar valves (50 H... | 7,595 | medmcqa_train |
All are included in Amsler's criteria, EXCEPT: | Amsler's criteria used for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is based on clinical & lab indicators: Vaginal pH >4.5, alkaline Positive amine test Clue cells> 20% of total vaginal epithelial cells Homogenous thin discharge Scanty / absent lactobacilli 3 out of 5 criteria suggests this diagnosis Ref: Sexually transmit... | 7,596 | medmcqa_train |
Patients with porphyria are highly sensitive to which wavelength : | Porphyrin are excited by visible light with a wavelength between 400 and 410 nm and emit an intense red fluorescence. The released energy reacts with oxygen to produce free radicals and singlet oxygen that damages tissues Mc porphyria - porphyria cutaneatarda (if- Red urine - D/D - myoglobinuria ) | 7,597 | medmcqa_train |
Killian's dehisence is seen in: | Ans. C Cricopharynx Ref. Scott Brown's lth/ed Vol 2 Chapter 155 p 2045; Dhingra 5th/ed p 253, 6th/ed p 238 Killian's Dehiscence (Fig. 8.6) it is an area of weakness between the two pas of inferior constrictor muscle-sub thyropharyngeus and cricopha-ryngeus A pulsion diveiculum of pharyngeal mucosa can emerge posteriorl... | 7,598 | medmcqa_train |
Chromosome-associated with bipolar disease - | Chromosomes involved in bipolar disorder are chromosome 18, 21, and 22. | 7,599 | medmcqa_train |
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