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Which group of anticancer drugs temozolomide belong to :
Temozolomide is an alkylating agent that can be given orally.
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A patient with traumatic paraplegia due to injury of the thoracic cord of 'T3 level' is observed to have blood pressure f 210/120. What should be the initial management?
Traumatic paraplegia is caused by a lesion of the spinal cord which occurs after a trauma, e.g. veebral fracture causing a puncture to the spinal cord. Any injury of the spinal cord may result in a condition known as autonomic dysreflexia (AD).. Autonomic dysreflexia can cause systolic blood pressure readings to increa...
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All are true of the genetic code except ?
C i.e. Punctuation
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Wrong statement is -
Maize is deficent in in tryptophan and lysine. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 579
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Psammoma bodies are found in which of the following organs?
Histologically, with the usual hematoxylin and eosin stain, calcium salts have a basophilic, amorphous granular, sometimes clumped appearance. They can be intracellular, extracellular, or in both locations. In the course of time, heterotopic bone may be formed in the focus of calcification. On occasion single necrotic ...
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Preload is increased by -
Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Increase blood volume Preload (Degree of ventricular filling during diastole)o Cardiac preload is represented by volume of venous blood that distends the ventricle, i.e., venous return determines the preload. An increase in preload, i.e., increase in venous return results in a higher end-diastolic vol...
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Hanifin & Rajke is the diagnostic criteria for
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Atopic dermatitis Hanifin and Rajka criteria is for diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. Diagnostic criteria (Hanifin and Rajka) Based mainly on clinical experience Major criteria Family history of atopy Chronicity Pruritus Typical morphology and distribution Minor criteria Dry skin Chelitis Elevated edge ...
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Nerve affected in trendenlenberg test is ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Superior gluteal nerve
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Following predispose to the high risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis except
Several potential risk factors have been described, including the recent use of antibiotics and oral contraceptives, the presence of diabetes mellitus, dietary practices, gastrointestinal colonization by the organism, clothing and sanitary protection practices, sexual communicability of the organism, and HIV, DM, Ref g...
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A 71-year-old woman comes to the office with a history of headaches, fatigue, and weight loss for 3 months. The headaches are new for her, and usually not very severe. Her jaw also hurts when she is chewing food. Two days prior, she had briefly lost partial vision in her left eye. There were no other neurologic symptom...
Temporal artery biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis of giant cell arteritis, because of the relatively nonspecific nature of the presenting symptoms, signs, and routine laboratory tests. The arteritis can be segmental, however, and great care must be taken in the pathologic assessment.
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The muzzle velocity of given firearm is
The revolver, which tends to have a low muzzle velocity of 150 m/s, is a sho barreled weapon with its ammunition held in a metal drum, which rotates each time the trigger is released.The muzzle velocity of pistols varies between 300 and 360 m/s.The rifle is a long-barreled shoulder weapon capable of firing bullets with...
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MAC stands for?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Minimum alveolar concentration Minimal alveolar concentration (MAC)* Most important measure of potency is minimal alveolar concentration (MAC). MAC is the lowest concentration of the anesthetic in pulmonary alveoli needed to produce immobility in response to a painful stimulus (surgical incision) in 5...
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Acute onset of blurred vision and absent pupillary response with rapidly progressive descending muscular weakness manifesting as quadriparesis in an afebrile 20 year old male with preserved sensorium is -
Ans. is tb' i.e., Botulism Remember these important points about Botulismo Acute onset of weakness in muscles innervated by cranial nerve with prominent bulbar palsy (4D's) i.e. -# Diplopia# Dysphonia# Dysphagia# Dysarthriao Descending symmetrical weakness occurs often leading to weakness,o Sensory' abnormalities are a...
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All are affected in Graft-Versus host reaction
• GVHD affects skin (earliest organ), intestine and liver • Lungs are not affected in GVHD. For details see text.
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Vitamin D is maximum in -
Cod liver oil But overall Richest source is Halibut liver oil Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 653
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All of the following drugs are used in emergency management of acute hyperkalemia except:
Treatment of Hyperkalemia: IV Ca gluconate Insulin drip Salbutamol/ nebulization IV Furosemide Hemodialysis
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A female presents with significant blood loss due to post-partum haemorrhage (PPH). What would be the shock index (HR/systolic BP)?
Shock index = heartrate/systolic BP Normal = 0.5–0.7 If it becomes 0.9–1.1 it indicates massive blood loss and need for intensive resuscitation.
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Subnuclear cytoplasmic vacuolization is seen in which stage of menstural cycle ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Secretory phaseSubnuclear cytoplasmic vacuolization is seen in early secretory phase.Histological features in secretory phasei) Basal location of gland cell nuclei (Post-ovulation day 5-6 and later in cycle).ii) Subnuclear cytoplasmic vacuolization (early secretory phase).iii) Serated glandular config...
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what is the root value of phrenic nerve?
* Phrenic nerve (C3,C4,C5)- It descends in front of scalenus anterior muscle . * Descends down to enters thorax where it lies between subclan vein(in front) and subclan aery lies behind it . * Fuher it descends in front of hilum of the lungs (whereas vagus nerve descends behind the hilum of lungs) * It is mixed nerve s...
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Antibiotics are indicated in which type of psoriasis?
Ref: Rook's Textbook of DermatologyExplanation:Guttate psoriasis (Eruptive psoriasis)Presents as shower of small psoriatic lesions, appearing more or less generally over the body, particularly in children and young adults, after acute streptococcal infections.Guttate psoriasis is classically triggered by a bacterial in...
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A patient has Bullous Lesion; on Tzank smear -
Ans-BTzank smearo It is done for vesiculobullous disorders.o A small, early, uninfected lesion should ideally be selected. The roof of the blister is removed with scissors, and the base of the blister gently scraped with a blunt scalpel so as not to produce bleeding. The material obtained is spread thinly on a glass sl...
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Which of the following has propensity to metastasize through lymph nodes -
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is a type of rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by its appearance, which is similar to the alveoli of the lungs. It can be associated with a fusion protein between PAX3 and FKHR (now known as FOXO1). It can also be associated with PAX7-FKHR.Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) typically affects all ag...
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Key symptom in alcohol withdrawal syndrome is:
Ans: C. TremorsKey symptom - Tremor.Withdrawal SyndromesSubstanceFeaturesOpioidYawningdeg, Insomnia, Dysphoric moodWater loss from different orificesdeg (Lacrimationdeg, sweatingdeg, diarrheadeg, vomiting, Increased vitalsdeg (BP, Pulse, RR, Temperature)degPupillary dilation, piloerectiondegAlcoholHang over (MC)degHall...
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Figure of 8 in chest X-ray is seen in –
Snowman's sign or figure of 8 sign is seen in supracardiac TAPVC.
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Parafollicular 'C' cells develop from:
C. i.e. Ultimobronchial body
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AMPLE history includes all of the following except;
AMPLE history is a useful mnemonic for this purpose: Allergies Medications currently used Past illnesses/Pregnancy Last meal Events/Environment related to the injury
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Which of the following enzymes require Vitamin C for their activity?
Vitamin C plays the role of a coenzyme in hydroxylation of proline and lysine while protocollagen is converted to collagen  (i.e.  post-translational modification). The hydroxylation reaction is catalysed by lysyl hydroxylase  (for  lysine)  and prolyl  hydroxylase (for  proline).
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The mechanism of action of cephalosporin is:
Ans: A (Interferes with cell wall synthesis) Ref: Goodman & Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12th ed, 2011. Pg 1479, 1493: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology by Katzung, 2012, 12th ed, Pg 792Explanation:Cephalosporin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.Its mechanism of action is similar to penicillin ...
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Reduced FEV 1, Normal FVC and FEV 1/FVC ratio less than 0.7 .which is reversible with bronchodilator s is consistent with
In Asthma FEV1(forced expiratory volume in 1 second), FVC(forced vital capacity, is the total volume exhaled), FEV1/FVC decreases. To daignose Asthma: Compatible clinical history plus either : 1)FEV1>12% increase following administration of a bronchodilator or glucocoicoids. 2)FEV1>15% decrease after 6min of exercise 3...
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A patient married for 3 years, unable to conceive, has regular menstrual cyclesHusbands semen analysis is normal and so is his hormonal profile What is the right time in menstrual cycle to do endometrial biopsy for infeility:-
Endometrial biopsy is best done on 21st - 23rd day of the cycle. Evidences of secretory activity of the endometrial glands in the second half of the cycle give not only the diagnosis of ovulation but can predict the functional integrity of the corpus luteum. Luteal Phase Defect- Lag of 2 to 4 days in observed/expected ...
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Which of the following is not a feature of RPGN?
Patients with RPGN presents with features of glomerulonephritis such as hematuria, edema and hypeension in association with a rapidly progressive loss of renal function. When untreated these patients rapidly develop end stage renal disease and death can occur within weeks to months. Reference: Robbins Pathologic Basis ...
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Bed strength at CHC:
Community Health Centre (CHC) Secondary level of health care. Located for population of 1,20,000 in plains. Located for population of 80,000 in hilly areas. Staff at CHC : 46-52 Acts as referral unit for 4 PHCS. Bed strength : 30
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Most common cytochrome associated with metabolism of drugs is ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., CYP3A4/5 Cyp 3 A 4/5 carryout biotransformation of largest number (nearly 50%) of drugs.
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Which premolar resembles a canine
Mandibular 1st premolar resembles canine from buccal aspect and it has almost rudimentary lingual cusp which further makes it canine alike.
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The alveoli are normally kept dry by the:-
Surfactant is a mixture of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline, other proteins & lipids. Role in keeping alveoli dry :- 1. The lipids in the alveolus 2. In the absence of surfactant, the unopposed surface tension in the alveoli would produce a force that greatly ors transudation of fluid from blood into alveoli. Note Fact...
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In which of the following, virus is shed in stool?
Herpangina: Respiratory viral shedding can persist for up to 3 weeks and in the stool for up to 8 weeks. Patients are most contagious at this stage. Influenza: People with flu can spread it to others up to about 6 feet away. Most experts think that flu viruses spread mainly by droplets made when people with flu cough, ...
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Which of the following clinical signs is not associated with acute appendicitis?
Ans. c (Cullen's sign) (Ref. Bailey and Love 26th/pg. 1203; box 71.4)Signs to elicit in appendicitisClinical signs of Acute Pancreatitis# Pointing sign# Cullen's sign# Rovsing's sign# Grey Turner's sign# Psoas sign# Fox sign# Obturator sign ACUTE APPENDICITIS# Acute appendicitis is relatively rare in infants, and becom...
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Rapid fluid resuscitation of the hypovolemic patient after abdominal trauma is significantly enhanced by which of the following?
Rapid fluid administration is often the key to successful trauma resuscitation. Some of the important factors affecting the rate of fluid resuscitation include the diameter of the intravenous tubing, the size and length of the venous cannulae, the fluid viscosity, and the site of administration. According to Poiseuille...
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A 16 year old girl was brought to the psychiatric emergency after she slashed her wrist in an attempt to commit suicide. On enquiry her father revealed that she had made several such attempts of wrist slashing in the past, mostly in response to tril fights in her house. Fuher she had marked fluctuations in her mood wit...
A i.e. Borderline Personality DisorderSchizophrenia can easily be ruled out by absence of disorganized speech, disorganized behaviour (or catatonia), delusions, hallucinations, & negative symptoms (ex blunt affect) for more than 6 months & leading to social / occupational dysfunction.
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True about active immunity
When B cells and T cells are activated by a pathogen, memory B-cells and T- cells develop, and the primary immune response results. Throughout the lifetime of an animal these memory cells will "remember" each specific pathogen encountered, and are able to mount a strong secondary response, if the pathogen is detected a...
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All of the following cell types undergo cell division, EXCEPT:
Myocyte cell division in the human hea ceases a few weeks after bih. Thereafter, enlargement of the hea is as a result of cell hyperophy or the laying down of collagen in the extracellular space. DNA turnover is almost undetectable except in pathologic states. Approximately 20% of myocytes in the human hea have two nuc...
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1st Symptom to go with treatment of schizophrenia
C i.e. Auditory hallucinations
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Louis Pasteur is associated with all except -
The development of microbiology as a scientific discipline dates from Louis pasteur (1822-95). He introduced techniques of sterilisation and developed the steam sterilizer,Hot air oven and auto clave. He also established the differing growth needs of different bacteria and contributed to the knowledge of anthrax,chicke...
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In post-term pregnancy, there is increased risk of all except
Post maturity DOES NOT put mother at risk.Increased morbidity may occur due to hazards of induction. Post term pregnancy causes an increased risk of placental insufficiency due to placental ageing,meconium aspiration and intracranial hemorrhage. (TB of obstetrics DC DUTTA 8th edition pg 374)
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According to AJCC 8th edition, staging of 2 cm size pancreatic cancer if it involves poal vein in:
8th AJCC(2017) TNM Classification of Pancreatic cancer Tis Carcinoma in situ T1 Tumor limited to pancreas upto 2 cm in greatest dimension T1a : Tumor <= 0.5 cm in greatest dimension T1B: Tumor > 0.5 cm but <= 1 cm in greatest dimension T1c : Tumor > 1 cm but <= 2 cm in greatest dimension T2 Tumor limited to pancreas > ...
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The following are related to fetal erythropoiesis except :
Primitive hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis first occur in the yolk sac followed by liver and finally bone marrow, leading to the production of blood and vessels respectively Blood islands, clusters of primitive erythrocytes surrounded by endothelial cells, arise from the extraembryonic mesoderm in the yolk sac Hematopo...
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First clinical sign of Vitamin - A deficiency is:
All the ocular manifestations of Vitamin - A deficiency are collectively known as 'Xerophthalmia' (Dry Eye). - Xerophthalmia is most common in children aged 1-3 years. 'First clinical sign' of Vitamin - A deficiency: Conjunctival xerosis . 'First clinical symptom' of Vitamin - A deficiency: Night blindness. Conjunctiva...
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Most common cause of umbilicus does not separate at age of 2 years
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
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Various factors are involved in inflammation. Which among the following is NOT a mediator of inflammation?
Tumour necrosis factor, interferon, prostaglandins are mediators of inflammation. The protein MPO is a marker of azurophil granules. MPO reacts with H2O2, formed by the NADPH oxidase, and increases the toxic potential of this oxidant. Through oxidation of chloride, tyrosine, and nitrite, the H2O2-MPO system induces for...
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In Against-the-rule astigmatism:
Ans. Horizontal meridian is more curved than the veical
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Ochsner-Sherren regimen is used for:September 2009, 2010
Ans. C: Appendicular mass
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'Routine care' in Neonatal resuscitation consists of all of the following steps EXCEPT:
Suction airway of all babies- not recommended. 'Routine care' consists of : Provide warmth to all babies Proper positioning of baby Suction airways only if necessary Dry the baby Ongoing evaluation of vital parameters of all babies
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Which of the following is the rate limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis
Microsomal 7 α hydroxylase (cholesterol 7 α hydroxylase) is the rate limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis. This enzyme is expressed only in liver.
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Diphyllobothrium latum causes anemia by:
Diphyllobothrium latum, also known as the fish or broad tapeworm, is the biggest worm and can reach 10 m in size. Humans acquire the infection by eating raw fish containing the larvae of the tapeworm. The worm attaches to the small intestine and causes abdominal discomfo. Nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, and pernicious a...
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A 63-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of transient symptoms of vertigo, slurred speech, diplopia, and paresthesia. He is symptom-free now, and clinical examination is entirely normal. His past medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Which of the follow...
Posterior circulation TIA is suggested by the constellation of symptoms (vertigo, dysarthria, and diplopia and the transient episode of his symptoms. The basilar artery is formed by the two vertebral arteries and supplies the pons, the midbrain, and the cerebellum with vertebrobasilar TIAs, tinnitus, vertigo, diplopia,...
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Which of the following is not a ototoxic drug -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Paracetamol Important ototoxic drugso Aminoglycosideso Cisplatino Furosemideo Deferoxamineo Quinineo Chloroquineo Interferonso Eiythromycino Bleomycino Aspirin
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Which of the following is NOT a component of t RNA?
Component Function Acceptor stem Hydroxyl group of adenosyl nucleotide forms an ester bond with the carboxyl group of aminoacid. DHU arm (DiHydroUridine) or D arm Recognition by specific aminoacyl tRNA synthetase Anticodon arm Base pairs with the codon of mRNA TpsC arm (RiboThymidine, Pseudouridine (ps), Cytidine) Ribo...
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Normal pregnancy can be continued in aEUR'
Wolf Parkinson-While syndrome Marfan's syndrome Ideally, a patient with Marfan's syndrome contemplating pregnancy should have a preconceptional echocardiography to determine the diameter of the aoic root risk depends upon the diagmeter of aoic root. If it is greater than 4.0 cm, she is at significant risk for aoic diss...
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Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency mechanism of transmission -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Autosomal recessiveAutosomal recessive disordersMetabolicHematologicalEndocrineSkeletalNarvouso Cystic fibrosiso Phenylketonuriao Galactosemiao Homocystinuriao Lysosomal storage diso a1-antitrypsin deficiencyo Wilson diseaseo Hemochromatosiso Glycogen storage disorderso Sickle cell anemiao Thalassemia...
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Which of the following is not an intracellular enzyme?
Intracellular enzymes: Cytoplasm: Enzymes of glycolysis (conversion of glucose and glycogen to pyruvic and lactic acid). Mitochondria: Enzymes of citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Lysosomes: Hydrolytic enzymes.
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Which of the following is not a feature of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia
Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia No diplopia since it is bilaterally symmetrical No neurological involvement. Progressive generalized muscular disorder. Stas with bilateral ptosis, is symmetrical. Finally ocular motility palsy followed by paralysis occurs.
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Division of zygote took place on 5th day after fertilization. What is the type of twinning:
Ans. (b) Monochorionic, DiamnioticRef: Dutta 8th ed. 233Division of zygote and types of TwinningDivision of Zygote on/ afterTypes of Twining72 hours/3 daysDichorionic, DiamnioticBetween 4-8 daysMonochorionic, DiamnioticBetween 8-12 daysMonochorionic, Monoamniotic> DaysSiamese, Conjoined TwinsAlso Know* Most common type...
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Lines of Blaschko represent:
Ans. (d) Lines of developmentBlaschko's lines reflect cell migration during embryogenesis of the skin. Nevi cluster along these lines
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Commonest cause of colonic obstruction in neonates is -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Aganglionic colon i) Option 'a & c' are causes of small bowel obstruction not colonic obstruction ii) Most common cause of Intestinal obstruction in a neonate is Intestinal atresia - p. 1133, 1232 Nelson
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Cantrell pentology include all except ?
Ans. is d i.e., Trisomy 21 o Pentalogy of Cantrell is named after James R. Cantrell, a pediatric surgeon . The pentalogy of Cantrell is an extremely rare phenomenon with an incidence estimated at around 6 per million live bihs. o It encompasses the following 5 main features. i) Pericardial or distal sternal cleft ii) S...
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Not true about Ribozyme is:
RIBOZYME - Ribozymes are RNA molecules with catalytic activity At least five distinct species of RNA that act as catalysts have been identified. Three are involved in the self processing reactions of RNAs while the other two are regarded as true catalysts (RNase P and rRNA). (1) rRNA- 23S RNA (prokaryotes) - 28s RNA (e...
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Under Vision 2020, to check visual acuity, teacher will refer school child to
Under Vision 2020, to check visual acuity, teacher will refer school child to Vision Centre Vision 2020 Right to Sight Major aim - eliminate avoidable blindness by 2020. They are Global India 1. Cataract 1. Cataract 2. RE + Low vision 2. RE + Low vision 3. Childhood blindness 3. Childhood blindness 4. Trachoma 4. Trach...
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Chemoattractants among the following are?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Leukotriene B4 and C5a o Chemoattractant:- C5a (most potent), IL-8, LTB4, PAF, bacterial products, Lymphokine, Kallikrein.o C5a is the most potent chemoattractant
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In humans, where does depolarisation of cardiac ventricular muscle stas from?
In humans, depolarization of the ventricular muscle stas at the left side of the interventricular septum and moves first to the right across the mid poion of the septum. The wave of depolarization then spreads down the septum to the apex of the hea. It then returns along the ventricular walls to the AV groove, proceedi...
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Gluconeogenesis enzyme stimulated in starvation
In starvation, there is excessive breakdown of fatty acids resulting in the formation of Acetyl CoA in the liver. They ensure the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetic acid. It acts as allosteric activator of the enzyme pyruvate carboxylase and inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase of Glycolysis.
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What is false regarding wandering spleen?
Wandering spleen- when position is not fixed due to laxity of ligaments or previous surgery - twisting of vascular pedicel - splenic congestion . Wandering Spleen Wandering spleen is an unusual condition with normal spleen having a long loose & vascular splenic pedicle but lacks ligamental attachments. Clinical Feature...
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Age group for concrete operational stage:
According to Piaget Cognitive theory, the sequence of development has been categorized into 4 major stages. • Sensorimotor stage (0 to 2 yrs) • Pre-operational stage (2 to 6 yrs) • Concrete operational stage (7 to 12 yrs) • Formal operational stage (11 to 15 yrs)
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Culex mosquito spreads all of the following disease except: March 2008
Ans. C: Yellow fever The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (= Stegomyia aegypti = Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti), is a mosquito that can spread the dengue fever, Chikungunya and yellow fever viruses. The mosquito can be recognized by white markings on legs and a marking in the form of a lyre on the thorax.
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Organism associated with fish consumption and also causes carcinoma gallbladder:
• Clonorchis sinensis is a liver fluke, acquired by ingestion of raw or inadequately cooked freshwater fishes. • In human body, it lives within bile ducts and causes inflammatory reaction leading to cholangiohepatitis and biliary obstruction. • It is a well known risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma. • It is a rare, but ...
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Which of the following statements about Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) is true
A i.e. RDA is statistically defined as two standard detions (SD) above Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
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Third tubercle of femur provides attachment to?
Ans. (a) Gluteus maximusRef: Gray's anatomy 39th ed. H433
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Genu of internal capsule carries -
Desending (efferent) fibers passing through genu of internal cpsule are corticonuclear fibers.
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FIGLU Test is used for deficiency of -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Folic acid Assessment of folate deficiencyo Following tests are used for assessment of folate deficiency.Blood levelNormal level in scrum is about 2-20 nanogram/mJ and about 200 micorgram.'ml of packed cells.Histidine load test or FIGLU excretion test :- Histidine is normally metabolized to formimino ...
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Which is not found in CNS in a case of AIDS
Ref Robbins 9/e p250-255 Pathogenesis of CNS Involvement The pathogenesis of the neurologic manifestations in AIDS deserves special mention because, in addition to the lymphoid system, the nervous system is a major target of HIV infection. Macrophages and cells belonging to the monocyte-macrophage lineage (microglial c...
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The term 'id' was coined by -
Structural theory of mind (the id, ego and superego) was given by Sigmund freud.
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'Maltese Cross' is a characteristic feature of:
Babesia Microti is a parasitic blood-borne disease transmitted by deer tick (Ixodes scapularis) does not infect liver cells. Its clinical symptoms is similar to malaria, so diagnosis is really confusing. Under the microscope, the merozoite form of the microti lifecycle in red blood cells forms a cross-shaped structure,...
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30 year old female presents with a painful, red, warm nail fold since last 7 days. Patient is applying various home remidies like turmeric powder , warm saline compressions with out any relief .The most probable diagnosis is
Paronychia is inflammation around a finger or toenail. Paronychia is a nail disease that is an often tender bacterial or fungal infection of the hand or foot, where the nail and skin meet at the side or the base of a finger or toenail. The infection can sta suddenly (acute paronychia) or gradually (chronic paronychia) ...
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ECG was performed on a total of 700 subjects with complaints of acute chest pain. Of these, 520 patients had myocardial infarction. Calculate the positive predictive value of ECG is: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION ECG PRESENT ABSENT TOTAL POSITIVE 416 9 425 NEGATIVE 104 171 275 TOTAL 520 180 700
Positive predictive value=true positive/(true positive+ false positive) 416/425 x 100= 98% Ref: Medical biostatistics, 1st edition pg: 201
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All of the following statements are true about Congenital Rubella, EXCEPT:
The first trimester of pregnancy is the most disastrous time for the foetus as the organs are developing. Infection in the second trimester may cause deafness but those infected after week 16 suffer no major abnormalities. Ref: Textbook of Obstetrics By Dutta, 6th Edition, Page 299; Park's Textbook Of Preventive And So...
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Rectum is inflated with air, pain occurs in right iliac fossa. Which sign
an obsolete sign: in chronic appendicitis, pain and tenderness in the right iliac fossa on inflation of the colon with air. The definition information forBastedo sign is provided by Stedman&;s.
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Which of the following OPV ls are usable?
Rules for VVM use in India Rules 1: If the inner square is lighter than the outer circle, the vaccine may be used (Vials 1, 2) Rules 2: If the inner square is the color as, or darker than, the outer circle, the vaccine must not be used (Vials 3, 4).
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Major carbohydrate store in body is:
Major carbohydrate store in the body is Hepatic glycogen, Hepatic glycogen maintains blood glucose concentration. No glycogen is stored in adipose tissue. In % glycogen stored in muscles> liver Body stores energy in the form of carbohydrates (glycogen) and not in form of fats because : Fats cannot be metabolized anaero...
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Difference between post burn rupture & incised wound -
Reff: The synopsis of forensic medicine& Toxicology 28th edition pg: 167 Heat ruptures: These are produced by splitting of soft pas at the joints. They may be confused with the incised or lacerated wounds. Can be differentiated from them by the absence of bleeding; presence of intact vessels and nerves; irregular margi...
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All are true regarding typhoid ulcer except ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Placed transversely along the ileumo Typhoid ulcers are placed longitudinally along the ileum.o On the other hand. Tubercular ulcers are placed transversely along the ileum (Mnemonic: (neck) tie lies longitudinal on body).Features of Tvhoid ulcer ?Salmonella typhi primarily affects the ileum and colon...
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The Study of postmoem process of a dead body and their interpretation is
Forensic taphonomy is the interdisciplinary study and interpretation of postmoem processes of human remains. Thanatology is the study that deals with death in all its aspects. Entomology is the study of the form and behaviour of insects. Myiasis is a condition caused by infestation of the body by fly maggots. Putrefact...
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The most common nerve damaged during open hernia repair -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ilioinguinal nerve o All the three nerves ie genifotemoral, ilioinguinal & iliohypogastric are branches of the lumbar plexus and all may be injured in op. for hernia.Ilioinguinal-Nerveo Enters the inguinal canal by piercing the internal oblique muscle (not through the deep ring),o It then emerges from...
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In diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa ERG is:
Ans. Less sensitive than the EOG
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In which one of the following conditions is gas under diaphragm not seen
After spontaneous rupture, the pressure in the oesophagus rapidly increases and burst at its weakest point in lower one-third, sending a stream of material into the mediastinum and often into the pleural cavity. Thus pneumomediastinum is formed Reference: Bailey and Love edition: 24 page no: 996
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Positive Acute phase reactants are all except :
Acute phase reactants - Plasma proteins which are either increased or decreased during inflammation. Proteins which are increased are called as Positive Acute phase reactants and which are decreased are know as Negative Acute phase reactants.
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Which of the following phase is characterized by presence of δ waves?
C represents NREM 3 phase which is characterized by presence of δ waves. NREM 3 is also called as "deep sleep".
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True statement(s) regarding feeding of HIV-infected child is/are -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Exclusively top feeding o HIV infection can be transmitted from infected mother to fetus by breast feeding (though this is the least common mode of veical transmission for HIV). o It seems reasonable for women to substitute infant formula (top feeding) for breast milk if they are known to be HIV infec...
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The modified class III preparation uses a dovetail on the lingual side in:
Lingual dovetail is required for large preparations in maxillary canines.  It is prepared only after completion of proximal portion, because otherwise tooth structure needed for isthmus between proximal portion and dovetail might be removed when the proximal outline form is prepared. Nisha Garg, Amit Garg. Textbook of...
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The child rolls over by -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 5 months Age Milestone 3 Month Neck holding 5 Month Rolls over 6 Month Sit with support 8 Month Sit without support 9 Month Stand with support 12 Month Stand without support Walk with support 15 Month Walk alone, creep upstair
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Which of the following is a debranching enzyme:
Debranching enzyme is a Bifunctional enzyme with two activities Glucan transferase Amylo a-1,6-glucosidase breaks the alpha (1-6) glycosidic bond present at the branch point of glycogen in glycogen breakdown. Other Options: Glycogen synthetase transfer glucose from UDP-glucose to glycogenin. Glycogen branching enzyme (...
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Which of the following synaptic transmitter is NOT a peptide, polypeptide or protein
D. i.e. (Serotonin) (95 - 96- Ganong 22nd) (1081-82- A.K. Jain 3rd)* Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Serotonin. Histamine are AMINES* Polypeptides are - Substance P*, other tachykinins, Vasopressin, oxytocin, CRH, TRH, GRH,Somatostatin, GnRH, Endothelins, /3-Endorphin*, Endomorphins Enkephalins*, Dynorphins,Chol...
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