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tumors that grow
on various nerves.
And a very common type
of tumor in NF2 patients
is called a
vestibular schwannoma.
And a schwannoma is a
tumor of the schwann cells
that normally provide the myelin
covering of peripheral nerves.
And it grows on the
vestibular branch
of the eighth cranial nerve.
Obviously, that's quite
near the auditory branch
of the eighth cranial nerve.
And these tumors grow and grow.
They probably rob the
nerve of the blood supply.
They probably put
pressure on it,
and they certainly
infiltrate the tumor cells
in amongst the fibers.
And when the surgeon goes in
to remove that type of tumor
invariably the eighth
cranial nerve is cut.
So in that case, the subject
has no nerve conveying messages
from the cochlea into the brain.
Well, the surgery is right here.
You're removing a
tumor from here,
so it's fairly easy to go
ahead and install an implant
into the cochlear
nucleus of the brain.
The cochlear nucleus is visible.
And that's what's called an
auditory brainstem implant.
It should be called a
cochlear nucleus implant,
but it's called an ABI.
And an ABI-- I'm not going
to talk too much about it--
but just suffice it to say, it's
an array of surface electrodes.
There are two
companies making these.
One has 15, and one has 21
in a checkerboard pattern.
And the electrodes go onto
the surface of the cochlear
nucleus, and their placed
there during the surgery.
There was an experimental
penetrating electrode array,
or PABI, but that's
been discontinued
because of side effects.
Some of these patients
got trigeminal neuralgia,
or pain sensations from nearby