Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimator of the intraclass correlation parameter for binary data.
|
A popular model to analyse over/under-dispersed proportions is to assume the extended beta-binomial model with dispersion (intraclass correlation) parameter phi and then to estimate this parameter by maximum likelihood. However, it is well known that maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) may be biased when the sample size n or the total Fisher information is small. In this paper we obtain a bias-corrected maximum likelihood (BCML) estimator of the intraclass correlation parameter and compare it, by simulation, in terms of bias and efficiency, with the MLE, an estimator Q(2) based on optimal quadratic estimating equations of Crowder and recommended by Paul et al. and a double extended quasi-likelihood (DEQL) estimator proposed by Lee. The BCML estimator has superior bias and efficiency properties in most instances. Analyses of a set of toxicological data from Paul and a set of medical data pertaining to chromosomal abnormalities among survivors of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima from Otake and Prentice show, in general, much improvement in standard errors of the BCML estimates over the other three estimates.
|
['Animals', 'Bias', 'Biometry', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Humans', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Mathematics', 'Models, Statistical', 'Nuclear Warfare', 'Toxicology']
| 16,007,569
|
[['B01.050'], ['N05.715.350.150', 'N06.850.490.500'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['I01.880.735.950.500.600'], ['H01.158.891', 'H02.884']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Risk factors for death in patients admitted to hospital with asthma: a follow-up study.
|
Hospital records of patients with asthma admitted to teaching hospitals in Perth, Western Australia between 1976 and 1980 were examined retrospectively to identify characteristics of the illness which were associated with subsequent death. From 5722 admissions there were 195 deaths to December 1982, 186 of whom had records available (cases); 452 of the surviving subjects were used for comparison (controls). There was no difference in age of onset of asthma or cigarette smoking habits between the two groups, but ischaemic heart disease as an associated condition was significantly more frequent in cases. On admission to hospital an arterial PCO2 less than 45 mmHg was more frequent in those who died, but there were no differences in arterial PO2, lowest pH, highest or lowest FEV1 and FVC. Cases more frequently used home nebulisers and were more frequently prescribed corticosteroids, antibiotics and sedatives or tranquilizers prior to admission, corticosteroids and sedatives or tranquilisers during admission and sedatives or tranquilisers on discharge. These results suggest that cases had more severe asthma in that they were more often treated with home nebulisers, corticosteroids and antibiotics, but with the exception of PaCO2 the commonly used measurements of severity of asthma did not identify those at risk of death. The prescription of sedatives or tranquillisers appears to be associated with an increased risk of death in subjects with asthma.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Asthma', 'Australia', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen', 'Respiratory Mechanics', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 1,759,915
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G09.772.705.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Tamoxifen inhibits GH3 cell growth in culture via enhancement of apoptosis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antitumor effects of tamoxifen on pituitary tumor GH3 cells, which lack receptors for dopamine.METHODS: GH3 cells were treated with tamoxifen (10(-7) mol/L), bromocriptine (10(-8) mol/L), or a combination of tamoxifen and bromocriptine in serum-free media. The cell number, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling ratio, and apoptotic ratio were assessed. Prolactin (PRL) expression was examined using immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis.RESULTS: After tamoxifen treatment for 4 days, the cell number decreased to 53.0% of that of untreated control cells. The percentage of PRL-immunoreactive GH3 cells decreased to 2.9%, versus 8.6% of untreated control cells, which was compatible with the results of Western blot analysis for PRL. Apoptosis increased to approximately three times that of untreated control cells at Day 2 of treatment, whereas no significant change was shown in BrdU incorporation. These effects by tamoxifen were not observed in the simultaneous treatment with 17beta-estradiol. Bromocriptine did not change the cell number, BrdU incorporation, the apoptotic ratio, or the percentage of PRL-positive cells, and it was also shown that tamoxifen did not change the sensitivity of GH3 cells to bromocriptine treatment.CONCLUSION: Tamoxifen, an antiestrogen, exerts its antitumor effect on GH3 cells in two ways: by suppression of cell growth and by causing a decrease in PRL. Apoptosis seems to contribute to the inhibition of GH3 cell growth.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal', 'Apoptosis', 'Bromocriptine', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Division', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Estradiol', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Prolactin', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Dopamine', 'Tamoxifen', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 9,657,197
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.169'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D03.132.327.412.100', 'D03.633.400.439.131', 'D03.633.400.562.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['C04.682', 'C26.733.476', 'G01.750.748.500.476'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Normalization of growth in hypophysectomized mice using hydrodynamic transfer of the human growth hormone gene.
|
Nonviral gene transfer was investigated as a potential treatment of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) using hypophysectomized mice as a model. After a single hydrodynamic administration of naked plasmid DNA containing the human growth hormone (hGH) gene controlled by an ubiquitin promoter, sustained elevation of circulating hGH was observed the entire observation period (68 days), with a concomitant normalization of circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-3. Furthermore, longitudinal growth was corrected in terms of normalization of tibia length, tail length, and body weight gain. Liver, spleen, and lung weights were normalized, whereas heart weight was normalized partly. hGH mRNA was expressed exclusively in liver tissue. In conclusion, we showed that nonviral hGH gene transfer normalizes longitudinal growth in hypophysectomized mice, indicating that this method potentially could be relevant as a new therapeutic tool in the clinical handling of GHD.
|
['Animals', 'DNA', 'Gene Expression', 'Growth', 'Human Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Hypophysectomy', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Organ Size', 'Plasmids', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Spleen', 'Tail', 'Tibia', 'Transfection', 'Ubiquitin', 'Weight Gain']
| 12,657,568
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.297'], ['G07.345.249'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425.875', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.270.532', 'E04.525.400'], ['D12.776.157.420.270'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A13.895'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.776.947.500'], ['C23.888.144.243.926', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.926']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Influence of Hippocampal Dopamine D2 Receptors on Episodic Memory Is Modulated by BDNF
|
Episodic memory is a polygenic trait influenced by different molecular mechanisms. We used PET and a candidate gene approach to investigate how individual differences at the molecular level translate into between-person differences in episodic memory performance of elderly persons. Specifically, we examined the interactive effects between hippocampal dopamine D2 receptor (D2DR) availability and candidate genes relevant for hippocampus-related memory functioning. We show that the positive effects of high D2DR availability in the hippocampus on episodic memory are confined to carriers of advantageous genotypes of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, rs6265) and the kidney and brain expressed protein (KIBRA, rs17070145) polymorphisms. By contrast, these polymorphisms did not modulate the positive relationship between caudate D2DR availability and episodic memory.
|
['Aged', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Female', 'Hippocampus', 'Humans', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Male', 'Memory, Episodic', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Receptors, Dopamine D2']
| 31,112,471
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['F02.463.425.540.254'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The relationship between intracellular Ca2+ and the mitochondrial membrane potential in isolated proximal tubular cells from rat kidney exposed to the nephrotoxin 1,2-dichlorovinyl-cysteine.
|
The effects of 1,2-dichlorovinyl-cysteine (DCVC) on the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and the mitochondrial membrane potential (delta phi) were investigated in freshly isolated rat kidney proximal tubular cells (PTC). Prior to cell death, DCVC induced a rise in [Ca2+]i and a decrease in the delta phi. Omission of extracellular calcium still resulted in a DCVC-induced increase of [Ca2+]i, indicating that calcium was released from intracellular stores. The beta-lyase inhibitor amino-oxyacetic acid completely protected against mitochondrial damage and cell death, indicating that the DCVC effects are dependent on beta-lyase metabolism. Incubation of the PTC with DCVC together with the intracellular-calcium complexing agents EDTA/acetoxy-methyl (AM), EGTA/AM or Quin-2/AM delayed (but did not prevent) the decrease of the delta phi and cell death, which indicates a relationship between [Ca2+]i and the decrease of delta phi. In individual cells four different responses induced by DCVC were observed; an increase of [Ca2+]i without an effect on delta phi, a decrease of delta phi and an increase of [Ca2+]i occurring simultaneously; an increase of [Ca2+]i preceded by a decrease of delta phi and a decrease of delta phi without any increase of [Ca2+]i. This indicates that DCVC-induced effects on [Ca2+]i and delta phi can appear independently. The data show that mitochondrial damage is potentiated by an elevation of [Ca2+]i, thereby creating a situation which rapidly leads to cell death.
|
['Aminoquinolines', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Cysteine', 'Edetic Acid', 'Egtazic Acid', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Kidney Tubules, Proximal', 'Male', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Mitochondria', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Time Factors']
| 8,517,866
|
[['D03.633.100.810.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.257', 'D02.241.081.018.269'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A05.810.453.736.560.570'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acromegaly and papillomatosis: difficult intubation and use of the airway exchange catheter.
|
We describe the anaesthetic management of a patient with acromegaly scheduled for transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary tumour who was found at intubation to have coexisting laryngeal papillomatosis. Oral intubation was impossible using both direct and fibreoptic techniques. Nasal fibreoptic intubation was successful but precluded the transsphenoidal approach to surgery. A Cook Airway Exchange Catheter [Cook (UK) Ltd, Monroe House, Letchworth SG6 1LN] was used with a Negus bronchoscope to convert to oral intubation and allow completion of surgery without resort to tracheostomy.
|
['Acromegaly', 'Contraindications', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Laryngeal Neoplasms', 'Middle Aged', 'Papilloma', 'Tracheostomy']
| 10,460,532
|
[['C05.116.132.082', 'C10.228.140.617.738.250.100', 'C19.700.355.179'], ['E02.208'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['C04.588.443.665.481', 'C08.360.369', 'C08.785.481', 'C09.400.369', 'C09.647.481'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.470.700.600'], ['E02.041.750', 'E04.579.935', 'E04.580.900', 'E04.928.780']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Semantic priming by pictures and words in the cerebral hemispheres.
|
In order to determine whether pictures would act as more effective semantic primes than words in the right cerebral hemisphere, automatic semantic activation in intact hemispheres was studied with primed GO-NOGO lexical decision tasks by presenting word-word and picture-word pairs to the left visual field (right hemisphere) or to the right visual field (left hemisphere). Response times in Experiment 1 showed that categorically related targets (e.g., TABLE-BED) were primed only in the right visual field after both word and picture primes. Experiment 2 found that picture primes activated the representations of the corresponding written names in both visual fields. These observations suggest that the range of automatic semantic activation is larger in the left than in the right hemisphere. The results implicate that semantic categories may be organized in a different fashion in the left than the right hemisphere.
|
['Adult', 'Association Learning', 'Cues', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Reaction Time', 'Semantics', 'Visual Fields']
| 10,978,696
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['L01.559.598.745'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
International Multicentre Term Prelabor Rupture of Membranes Study: evaluation of predictors of clinical chorioamnionitis and postpartum fever in patients with prelabor rupture of membranes at term.
|
OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to determine significant predictors for the development of clinical chorioamnionitis and postpartum fever in patients with prelabor rupture of membranes at term.STUDY DESIGN: Logistic regression analysis with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals was used to determine the significant predictors of clinical chorioamnionitis and postpartum fever in women with prelabor rupture of membranes at term enrolled in this study. The study recently compared in a randomized controlled trial four strategies of management: induction with oxytocin, induction with prostaglandin, expectant management, and, if failed, induction with oxytocin or prostaglandin.RESULTS: The following variables were significantly associated with clinical chorioamnionitis: (1) number of digital vaginal examinations: > 8, 7 to 8, 5 to 6, 3 to 4 (vs 0 to 2) (odds ratio 5.07, 3.80, 2.62, 2.06); (2) duration of active labor: > or = 12, 9 to < 12, 6 to < 9 hours (vs < 3 hours) (odds ratio 4.12, 2.94, 1.97); (3) meconium-stained amniotic fluid (odds ratio 2.28); (4) parity of 0 (odds ratio 1.80); (5) time from membrane rupture to active labor: > or = 48, 24 to < 48 hours (vs < 12 hours) (odds ratio 1.76, 1.77); and (6) group B streptococcal colonization (odds ratio 1.71). Variables significantly associated with postpartum fever were (1) clinical chorioamnionitis (odds ratio 5.37), (2) duration of active labor: > or = 12, 9 to < 12, 6 to < 9, 2 to < 6 hours (vs < 3 hours) (odds ratio 4.86, 3.53, 3.46, 3.04), (3) cesarean section, operative vaginal delivery (odds ratio 3.97, 1.86), (4) group B streptococcal colonization (odds ratio 1.88), and (5) maternal antibiotics before delivery (odds ratio 1.94).CONCLUSIONS: Increasing numbers of digital vaginal examinations, longer duration of active labor, and meconium staining of the amniotic fluid were the most important risk factors for the development of clinical chorioamnionitis in women with prelabor rupture of membranes at term. The most important risk factors for the development of postpartum fever were clinical chorioamnionitis, increasing duration of active labor, and cesarean section delivery.
|
['Adult', 'Chorioamnionitis', 'Female', 'Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture', 'Fever', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Prospective Studies', 'Puerperal Disorders', 'Regression Analysis']
| 9,396,886
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C13.703.277.030', 'C13.703.420.339.260', 'C13.703.590.268', 'C16.300.030'], ['C13.703.420.339'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C13.703.844'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lung cancer cell line sensitivity to Zoledronic acid is BAX-dependent.
|
BACKGROUND: Zoledronate (Zol), an anti-osteoclastic and anticancer drug, is used to control bone metastasis in several cancer types, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanisms behind Zol resistance in NSCLC are unclear.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Zol-resistant cell lines were developed by repeated treatment of A549 and H1650 NSCLC cell lines with Zol. We measured cell proliferation and apoptosis following Zol treatment and also examined the BCL2 superfamily expression. RNAi was used to confirm the role of key molecules in development of resistance.RESULTS: Repeated Zol treatment engendered resistance, in which apoptosis induction was attenuated. From the BCL2 superfamily, BAX was commonly down-regulated in resistant cells, and silencing of BAX in parental cell lines also induced drug resistance.CONCLUSION: Repeated treatment of NSCLC cell lines with Zol leads to drug resistance, which is in part due to BAX down-regulation.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Diphosphonates', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Imidazoles', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'RNA Interference', 'Zoledronic Acid', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 24,324,070
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D02.705.429.500'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D02.705.429.500.942', 'D03.383.129.308.990'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reaction-based fluorescent sensor for investigating mobile Zn2+ in mitochondria of healthy versus cancerous prostate cells.
|
Chelatable, mobile forms of divalent zinc, Zn(II), play essential signaling roles in mammalian biology. A complex network of zinc import and transport proteins has evolved to control zinc concentration and distribution on a subcellular level. Understanding the action of mobile zinc requires tools that can detect changes in Zn(II) concentrations at discrete cellular locales. We present here a zinc-responsive, reaction-based, targetable probe based on the diacetyled form of Zinpyr-1. The compound, (6-amidoethyl)triphenylphosphonium Zinpyr-1 diacetate (DA-ZP1-TPP), is essentially nonfluorescent in the metal-free state; however, exposure to Zn(II) triggers metal-mediated hydrolysis of the acetyl groups to afford a large, rapid, and zinc-induced fluorescence response. DA-ZP1-TPP is insensitive to intracellular esterases over a 2-h period and is impervious to proton-induced turn-on. A TPP unit is appended for targeting mitochondria, as demonstrated by live cell fluorescence imaging studies. The practical utility of DA-ZP1-TPP is demonstrated by experiments revealing that, in contrast to healthy epithelial prostate cells, tumorigenic cells are unable to accumulate mobile zinc within their mitochondria.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Endosomes', 'Female', 'Fluoresceins', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Lysosomes', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Mitochondria', 'Prostate', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Time Factors', 'Zinc']
| 24,335,702
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['D02.455.426.779.347', 'D03.633.300.953.275', 'D04.711.347'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Highlights Regarding Host Predisposing Factors to Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Chronic Stress and Reduced Antioxidant Capacity.
|
We studied host factors that could predispose women to develop recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC), including glycemia, insulin resistance, chronic stress, antioxidant capacity, overall immune status, local inflammation and vaginal microbiota. The presence of yeasts in vaginal culture was screened in 277 women, with or without signs and symptoms of VVC and RVVC. The presence of an inflammatory process and microbiota were analyzed through vaginal bacterioscopy and cervical-vaginal cytology, respectively. Fasting-blood samples were collected by standard venipuncture for biochemical analyses. Flow cytometry was employed to obtain the T helper/T cytotoxic lymphocyte ratio, and insulin resistance was assessed by the HOMA index (HI). Yeasts were isolated from 71 (26%) women: 23 (32.4%) with a positive culture but without symptoms (COL), 22 (31%) in an acute episode (VVC), and 26 (36.6%) with RVVC. C. albicans was the main yeast isolated in all clinical profiles. The control group (negative culture) comprised 206 women. Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance were more associated with the positive-culture groups (COL, VVC and RVVC) than with negative ones. The RVVC group showed lower mean levels of cortisol than the control group and lower antioxidant capacity than all other groups. The T Helper/T cytotoxic lymphocyte ratio was similar in all groups. The RVVC group showed a similar level of vaginal inflammation to the control group, and lower than in the COL and VVC groups. Only the CVV group showed a reduction in vaginal lactobacillus microbiota. Our data suggest that both chronic stress (decreased early-morning cortisol levels) and reduced antioxidant capacity can be host predisposing factors to RVVC.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antioxidants', 'Blood Glucose', 'Candida albicans', 'Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Microbiota', 'Prospective Studies', 'Recurrence', 'Risk Factors', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Vagina', 'Young Adult']
| 27,415,762
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['C01.150.703.160.190', 'C13.351.500.894.906.820.500', 'C13.351.500.944.902.737.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['G06.591', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['A05.360.319.779'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Care needs of home-based cancer patients and their caregivers. Quantitative findings.
|
The purpose of this study was to identify care needs of home-based patients receiving treatment for cancer and their caregivers. The sample consisted of 30 patients receiving radiation therapy and/or immunologically based treatments for a variety of cancers and 29 caregivers. Patient and caregiver needs scales were used to elicit the needs of patients and caregivers. Patients and caregivers were able to cite their unique needs. Patients had more needs for themselves in the areas of personal care, activity management, and interpersonal interaction than did the caregivers. The necessity for individualization of care was noted by both patients and caregivers, an area that nursing is in a unique position to address.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Caregivers', 'Female', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Home Nursing', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 1,611,603
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['E02.760.611.470', 'N02.421.143.524.470', 'N02.421.533.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Occurrence of low molecular weight O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
Studies with crude preparations obtained from a cysteine auxotroph of Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase could be separated from O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase by chromatography on a DEAE-cellulose column and centrifugation in a sucrose density gradient. On the basis of sedimentation distance, the molecular weights of these enzymes were calculated to be about 99,000 and 182,000, respectively. The former did not react with the amino acid substrate of the latter, and vice versa. The wild-type strain was also demonstrated to possess O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (molecular weight: about 96,000), in addition to a large amount of O-acetylserine-O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (Yamagata et al. (1974) J. Biochem. 75, 1221).
|
['Carbon-Oxygen Lyases', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose', 'Cysteine Synthase', 'Homoserine', 'Hydrogen Sulfide', 'Lyases', 'Molecular Weight', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Mutation', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 7,007,360
|
[['D08.811.520.241'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['E05.196.181.400.383.349'], ['D08.811.913.225.224'], ['D12.125.526'], ['D01.029.260.340', 'D01.362.350', 'D01.875.350'], ['D08.811.520'], ['G02.494'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Birth ball or heat therapy? A randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of birth ball usage with sacrum-perineal heat therapy in labor pain management.
|
OBJECTIVE: Labor pain and its management is a major concern for childbearing women, their families and health care providers. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two non-pharmacological methods such as birth ball and heat therapy on labor pain relief.MATERIAL & METHODS: This randomized control trial was undertaken on 90 primiparous women aged 18-35 years old who were randomly assigned to two intervention (birth ball and heat) and control groups. The pain score was recorded by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before the intervention and every 30 min in three groups until cervical dilatation reached 8 cm.RESULTS: The mean pain severity score in the heat therapy group was less than that of in control group at 60 and 90 min after intervention (p < 0.05). In addition there were significantly differences between the pain scores in the birth ball group after all three investigated times in comparison to control group.CONCLUSION: Both heat therapy and birth ball can use as inexpensive complementary and low risk treatment for labor pain.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Complementary Therapies', 'Exercise Movement Techniques', 'Female', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Labor Pain', 'Labor Stage, First', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Movement', 'Pain Management', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pelvis', 'Perineum', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Posture', 'Pregnancy', 'Sacrum', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 27,502,808
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.190'], ['E02.779.474'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612.451'], ['G08.686.784.769.326.500.080'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['A01.923.600'], ['A01.719'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['G11.427.695'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['A02.835.232.834.717'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophage differentiation promotes regrowth in atrophied skeletal muscles and C2C12 myotubes.
|
Skeletal muscle injury and regeneration are closely associated with an inflammatory reaction that is usually characterized by sequential recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes or macrophages. Selective macrophage depletion models have shown that macrophages are essential for complete regeneration of muscle fibers after freeze injuries, toxin injuries, ischemia-reperfusion, and hindlimb unloading and reloading. Although there is growing evidence that macrophages possess major myogenic capacities, it is not known whether the positive effects of macrophages can be optimized to stimulate muscle regrowth. We used in vivo and in vitro mouse models of atrophy to investigate the effects of stimulating macrophages with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) on muscle regrowth. When atrophied soleus muscles were injected intramuscularly with M-CSF, we observed a 1.6-fold increase in macrophage density and a faster recovery in muscle force (20%), combined with an increase in muscle fiber diameter (10%), after 7 days of reloading, compared with PBS-injected soleus muscles. Furthermore, coculture of atrophied myotubes with or without bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and/or M-CSF revealed that the combination of BMDMs and M-CSF was required to promote myotube growth (15%). More specifically, M-CSF promoted the anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype, which in turn decreased protein degradation and MuRF-1 expression by 25% in growing myotubes. These results indicate that specific macrophage subsets can be stimulated to promote muscle cell regrowth after atrophy.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Models, Animal', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Development', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Muscular Atrophy', 'Neutrophils', 'Phenotype', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Proteolysis']
| 23,201,131
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.500', 'D12.776.395.240.500', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.500', 'D23.529.374.410.240.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E05.598'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.590', 'G11.427.578.590'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['C10.597.613.612', 'C23.300.070.500', 'C23.888.592.608.612'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G05.695'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G02.111.720', 'G03.812']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Selection criteria in metabolic systems].
|
In a given environment the physico-chemical parameters of a metabolic system are externally prescribed constant quantities. The living cell, however, is able to regulate the catalytic activities through its programme of gene expression. The paper investigates to what extent this programme is amenable to optimization by evolutionary selection. Abstract, but typical mathematical models of the cellular metabolic system together with the epigenetic metabolism of biomacromolecules (enzyme protein, structural protein) were formulated and evaluated. Selection needs a criterion and the existence of an optimum of parameter values with respect to that criterion. As selection criterion served the growth rate of the cell. Parameters were the rate constants of metabolic reactions whose values may be chosen by regulation of gene expression. Two main types of parameters were distinguished: those which influence the growth rate in a monotonous manner, and those whose positive influence has a maximum. It was found that a maximum is defined if the parameter is part of an autocatalytic cycle limited by competition. The most common such situation is that of a biomacromolecule contributing directly or indirectly, but in an essential manner, to biosynthesis and growth, while competing at the same time for the share in biosynthesis. As the rate of biosynthesis has a natural upper bound, and as most proteins as end products of biosynthesis play an essential role in other parts of metabolism, the conclusion was reached that most of the controllable parameters of gene expression are amenable to evolutionary optimization.
|
['Biological Evolution', 'Cell Division', 'Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Metabolism', 'Models, Biological', 'Protein Biosynthesis']
| 6,721,877
|
[['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11'], ['G05.308'], ['G03'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Extruded lumbar disc associated with epidural hematoma. Case report.
|
Lumbar disc herniation and spinal epidural hematomas (SEHs) are highly unusual causes of secondary lumbar canal stenosis in the adolescent population. The authors report a unique concomitant occurrence in a 16-year-old boy who presented with left-sided L-5 radiculopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging T1-weighted sequences revealed a left-sided posterolateral prolapsed L4-5 disc with an isointense extruded fragment lying behind the L-5 body. On T2-weighted sequences a hyperintense area was seen in the region of the extruded disc fragment with thecal compression. At surgery the extradural encapsulated hematoma was removed, together with the extruded disc fragment and the L4-5 disc. The characteristics of the biopsy specimen from the epidural collection were consistent with those of a hematoma. At 6 months' follow up, the patient had returned to his normal activities. An SEH may result from tearing of delicate epidural veins following disc extrusion. It can occur at any age, regardless of whether there is a history of significant trauma. Magnetic resonance imaging allows preoperative characterization of the lesion. Results after surgical evacuation are excellent. Distinguishing between a solitary SEH and one caused by a lumbar disc extrusion has significant implications, as the former may resolve completely with conservative management.
|
['Adolescent', 'Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal', 'Humans', 'Intervertebral Disc Displacement', 'Laminectomy', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Neurologic Examination', 'Spinal Cord Compression', 'Spinal Nerve Roots']
| 16,619,642
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C23.550.414.838.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.900.307', 'C23.300.707.952'], ['E02.718.563', 'E04.188.400', 'E04.525.450', 'E04.555.350'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.376.550', 'E01.370.600.550'], ['C10.228.854.761', 'C26.819.678'], ['A08.800.800.720.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in Psychology in the Public Interest.
|
The American Psychological Foundation (APA) Gold Medal Awards recognize distinguished and enduring records of accomplishment in four areas of psychology: the application of psychology, the practice of psychology, psychology in the public interest, and the science of psychology. The 2008 recipient of the American Psychological Foundation (APF) Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in Psychology in the Public Interest is Raymond D. Fowler. A citation, biography, and selected bibliography for Raymond D. Fowler are provided in this article.
|
['Awards and Prizes', 'Consumer Advocacy', 'History, 20th Century', 'History, 21st Century', 'Humans', 'Psychology', 'United States']
| 18,665,669
|
[['K01.150'], ['I01.880.604.473.368', 'N03.706.437.368'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['K01.400.504.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.096.628'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Differential antioxidative responses to cadmium in roots and leaves of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Azad).
|
Pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Azad) plants exposed to 4 and 40 microM of Cd for 7 d in hydroponic culture were analysed with reference to the distribution of metal, the accumulation of biomass and the metal's effects on antioxidants and antioxidative enzymes in roots and leaves. Cd-induced a decrease in plant biomass. The maximum accumulation of Cd occurred in roots followed by stems and leaves. An enhanced level of lipid peroxidation and an increased tissue concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in both roots and leaves indicated that Cd caused oxidative stress in pea plants. Roots and leaves of pea plants responded differently to Cd with reference to the induction of enhanced activities of most of the enzymes monitored in the present study. These differential responses to Cd were further found to be associated with levels of Cd to which the plants were exposed. Cd-induced enhancement in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was more at 40 microM than at 4 microM in leaves. While catalase (CAT) prominently increased in leaves both at 4 and 40 microM Cd, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) showed maximum stimulation at 40 microM Cd in roots. Enhancement in glutathione reductase (GR) activity was also more at 40 microM than at 4 microM Cd in roots. While glutathione peroxidase (GPOX) activity decreased in roots and remained almost unmodified in leaves, glutathione S-transferase (GST) showed pronounced stimulation in both roots and leaves of pea plants exposed to 40 microM Cd. Increased activities of antioxidative enzymes in Cd-treated plants suggest that they have some additive function in the mechanism of metal tolerance in pea plants.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Cadmium', 'Peas', 'Plant Roots', 'Plant Stems']
| 11,432,926
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.630'], ['A18.400'], ['A18.024.937']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevention of unintentional injury in the community setting.
|
This article focuses on the types of unintentional injuries that may occur in the community and individuals who are most vulnerable. It discusses the nurse's role in the prevention of injuries through the assessment of risk and health promotion strategies.
|
['Accident Prevention', 'Aged', 'Causality', 'Child', 'Community Health Nursing', 'Data Collection', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Policy', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Models, Nursing', 'Models, Psychological', "Nurse's Role", 'Nursing Assessment', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Risk Assessment', 'State Medicine', 'United Kingdom', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 20,695,336
|
[['N06.850.135.060'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N05.715.350.200', 'N06.850.490.625'], ['M01.060.406'], ['H02.478.676.150', 'N02.421.143.150'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['F01.145.488'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.645'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['N03.349.550.902', 'N03.858'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['C26']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
GABAergic system of the pineal organ of an elasmobranch (Scyliorhinus canicula): a developmental immunocytochemical study.
|
The present immunocytochemical study provides evidence of a previously unrecognized, rich, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic innervation of the pineal organ in the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula). In this elasmobranch, the pineal primordium is initially detected at embryonic stage 24 and grows to form a long pineal tube by stage 28. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-immunoreactive (-ir) fibers were first observed at stage 26, and by stage 28, thin GAD-ir fibers were detectable at the base of the pineal neuroepithelium. In pre-hatchling embryos, most fibers gave rise to GAD-ir boutons that were localized in the basal region of the neuroepithelium, although a smaller number of labeled terminals ascended to the pineal lumen. A few pale GAD-ir perikarya were observed within the pineal organ of stage 29 embryos, but GAD-ir perikarya were not observed at other developing stages or in adults. In contrast, GABA immunocytochemistry revealed the presence of GABAergic perikarya and fibers in the pineal organ of late stage embryos and adults. Although high densities of GABAergic cells were observed in the paracommissural pretectum, posterior tubercle, and tegmentum of dogfish embryos (regions previously demonstrated to contain pinealopetal cells), the presence of GABA-ir perikarya in the pineal organ strongly suggests that the rich GABAergic innervation of the elasmobranch pineal organ is intrinsic. This contrasts with the central origin of GABAergic fibers in the pineal gland of some mammals.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Dogfish', 'Glutamate Decarboxylase', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Pineal Gland', 'Presynaptic Terminals', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 16,158,323
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.370.853.392'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.250'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['A06.300.635', 'A06.688.733', 'A08.186.211.180.200.680', 'A08.186.211.200.317.200.620', 'A08.713.733'], ['A08.675.542.145.750', 'A08.850.700', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.700', 'A11.671.137.750', 'A11.671.501.145.750'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) antibody positivity in patients with transverse myelitis and no visual manifestations.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To describe a subgroup of patients with IgG antibody to Aquaporin 4 Protein (AQP4) specific to neuromyelitis optica (NMO), who did not have clinical manifestations of optic nerve involvement at the time of diagnosis.METHODS: Assessment of five patients (four African Americans and one Latino) with myelitis, who were NMO IgG antibody positive, who had no detected optic nerve involvement, over a span of one to eighteen years.RESULTS: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies showed lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated interleukin (IL6), oligoclonal bands (OCB), myelin basic protein (MBP), and elevated albumin and IgG index. Serology showed an association with antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity and antithyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody. Our patients responded well to acute treatment with intravenous corticosteroids and long-term treatment with oral prednisone and azathioprine.CONCLUSIONS: The aquaporin protein autoimmune disease previously identified as neuromyelitis optica (NMO) may more correctly be identified as neuromyelitis (NM), and future diagnostic criteria should take into account the population of patients with antibody to aquaporin 4 protein, without clinically evident optic nerve pathology. Future research may indicate that the entity of NMO is a subcategory of the NM population.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antibodies, Antinuclear', 'Aquaporin 4', 'Autoantibodies', 'Child', 'Female', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Iodide Peroxidase', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Middle Aged', 'Myelitis, Transverse', 'Neuromyelitis Optica', 'Optic Neuritis', 'Prednisone']
| 18,432,545
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.204', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.204', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.204'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.500.040.468', 'D12.776.543.550.450.730.040.468', 'D12.776.543.585.400.730.040.577'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['D08.811.682.732.525'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.207.618.250', 'C04.588.614.550.550', 'C04.730.856.543', 'C10.114.375.600', 'C10.228.228.618.250', 'C10.228.854.525.553', 'C10.314.350.600', 'C10.574.781.625', 'C20.111.258.250.550'], ['C10.114.375.600.500', 'C10.114.375.800', 'C10.292.700.550.500', 'C10.314.350.600.500', 'C10.314.350.800', 'C11.640.576.695', 'C20.111.258.250.550.500', 'C20.111.258.250.775'], ['C10.292.700.550', 'C11.640.576'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A comparison of Toxocara canis embryonation under controlled conditions in soil and hair.
|
Toxocara spp. eggs require a period of time under appropriate environmental conditions to become infective to definitive and paratenic hosts. Temperature and humidity are important factors known to affect the levels of development in soil. We aimed to investigate whether the eggs of T. canis could embryonate in dog hair under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity and, if so, to what degree. No previous work had been carried out on embryonation in hair under controlled conditions. Soil samples exposed to the same conditions as the hair samples were considered a suitable comparison in order to investigate differing levels of development. Development at two temperatures (10°C and 20°C) and the addition of water to samples was investigated over a period of 8 weeks. Importantly, we demonstrated that unembryonated T. canis eggs are capable of development in hair under controlled conditions. The rate of development is lower than that observed in soil, but remains biologically significant in terms of the overall numbers of potentially infective embryonated eggs present. Temperature is responsible for the rate of embryonation while moisture is essential for encouraging development and maintaining egg viability in general. In light of these findings the transmission of Toxocara spp. as a result of direct contact with well-cared-for owned dogs seems unlikely, but should not be ignored.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Embryonic Development', 'Female', 'Hair', 'Humidity', 'Soil', 'Temperature', 'Toxocara canis']
| 22,335,837
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['G07.345.500.325.180', 'G08.686.784.170.104'], ['A17.360'], ['G16.500.275.063.725.310', 'G16.500.750.775.310', 'N06.230.150.372', 'N06.230.300.100.725.310'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.500.100.780.225']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Risk of tuberculosis in high-rise and high density dwellings: an exploratory spatial analysis.
|
Studies have shown that socioeconomic and environmental factors have direct/indirect influences on TB. This research focuses on TB prevalence of Hong Kong in relation to its compact urban development comprising of high-rise and high-density residential dwellings caused by rapid population growth and limited land resources. It has been postulated that occupants living on higher levels of a building would benefit from better ventilation and direct sunlight and thus less likely to contract infectious respiratory diseases. On the contrary, those on lower floors amid the dense clusters of high-rises are more susceptible to TB infection because of poorer air quality from street-level pollution and lesser exposure to direct sunlight. However, there have not been published studies to support these claims. As TB continues to threaten public health in Hong Kong, this study seeks to understand the effects of housing development on TB occurrences in an urban setting.
|
['Environmental Pollution', 'Geographic Information Systems', 'Hong Kong', 'Housing', 'Humans', 'Population Density', 'Spatial Analysis', 'Tuberculosis', 'Ventilation']
| 23,453,769
|
[['N06.850.460'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.314', 'L01.470.750.750.462'], ['Z01.252.474.164.450'], ['J03.340', 'N01.224.791.400', 'N06.230.150.360', 'N06.850.505.400.800.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['E05.318.740.933', 'N05.715.360.750.746', 'N06.850.520.830.933'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846'], ['N06.230.150.520']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Relationship between DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in the programmed cell death in the rat prostate following castration.
|
Previous studies have demonstrated that the rapid involution of the rat ventral prostate following castration involves the death of the androgen-dependent epithelial cells present within the gland and that this death is the result of a series of discrete biochemical steps. The degradation of genomic DNA into nucleosomal-sized fragments is an early event in this process and is catalyzed by calcium magnesium-dependent endonuclease activity. The morphologic correlation of the involution process involves a series of structural changes which are collectively referred to as apoptosis. The apoptotic process describes the earliest apparent signs of morphologic change exhibited by the dying cells through their eventual complete destruction and deletion from the tissue. The temporal relationship between these recently described biochemical events and the morphologic changes of the apoptotic process were compared in the present study, in order to test the cause versus effect nature of DNA fragmentation in the programmed death of androgen dependent prostatic cells following castration. These studies demonstrated that the early elevation of the Ca+2 Mg+2-dependent endonuclease activity and the fragmentation of DNA into nucleosomal oligomers occurs within prostatic glandular epithelial cells and probably does not involve the direct participation of extraprostatic cells which may subsequently migrate into the gland. Once the DNA is initially cleaved into the nucleosomal oligomers, the subsequent participation of lysosomal enzymes act in a less restricted fashion to degrade both the nucleosomal DNA as well as the cytoplasmic elements and the cell becomes morphologically apoptotic. As the elevations in Ca+2 Mg+2-dependent endonuclease activity and DNA fragmentation are initiated at a time well before the cell is morphologically dead, as defined by apoptosis, these changes in DNA metabolism must not be the consequences of cell death but instead are early causal events in an active process of programmed cell death.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA Damage', 'Endonucleases', 'Epithelium', 'Lymphocytes', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Necrosis', 'Orchiectomy', 'Prostate', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors']
| 2,555,799
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.346'], ['G05.200'], ['D08.811.277.352.355'], ['A10.272'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['C23.550.717'], ['E04.270.282.679', 'E04.950.165.679', 'E04.950.774.860.618'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vocal fold pseudocyst: results of 46 cases undergoing a uniform treatment algorithm.
|
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To describe treatment results and identify predictors of the need for surgical intervention in patients with vocal fold pseudocyst.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study with longitudinal followup via survey.METHODS: Clinical records were reviewed for demographic information, VHI-10 score, and degree of severity of dysphonia. Videostroboscopic examinations were evaluated for presence of vocal fold pseudocyst, along with additional clinical variables, including laterality, reactive lesion, paresis, varix, and hemorrhage. Follow-up surveys were sent to all participants to evaluate current VHI-10 score and degree of vocal limitation. Results were analyzed to determine predictors of surgery and recurrence of pathology.RESULTS: Forty-six patients (41F:5M) with pseudocyst (40 unilateral: 6 bilateral) were reviewed. Twenty-three (50%) had reactive lesions, nineteen (41%) had paresis by clinical criteria, 10 (22%) had varices, and 6 (13%) had hemorrhage on examination. All underwent initial behavioral management (2-12 sessions of voice therapy; mean of 8 sessions). Seventeen (37%) eventually required surgical intervention. No demographic or clinical variables proved predictive of surgical intervention. Follow-up surveys were completed by 63% of patients, and 79% agreed with the statement that they were not professionally limited by their voices.CONCLUSION: This experience supports behavioral management as an initial intervention in patients with pseudocyst, sufficient by itself to restore vocal function in approximately two out of three patients. Neither initial severity nor any of the studied clinical findings predicted the need for surgery. The large majority of patients with pseudocyst are able to be treated effectively without impact in their professional function.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Algorithms', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Edema', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vocal Cords']
| 24,114,711
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['F04.754.137'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.360.313', 'C09.400.313'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A04.329.364.737']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Internal fixation of ununited femoral neck fractures combined with muscle-pedicle bone grafting.
|
Fifty-six patients with ununited intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck were treated by internal fixation and muscle-pedicle bone grafting. All had some absorption of the femoral neck, and many had avascular necrosis of the femoral head. At operation the sclerosed surfaces of the fractures were freshened, the avascular femoral head was decompressed and the muscle-pedicle graft was fixed with silk thread wrapped around pins. Satisfactory union occurred in 42 patients (75%), and delayed union in seven, of whom four (7%) eventually united without further treatment and three united after osteotomy. Non-union occurred in five patients and technical failure in two.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Female', 'Femoral Neck Fractures', 'Femur Head Necrosis', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Fractures, Ununited', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscles', 'Postoperative Care', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 3,958,010
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C26.404.061.425.500', 'C26.531.750.500', 'C26.558.276.425.500'], ['C05.116.852.175', 'C23.550.717.732.368'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['C26.404.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular analysis of the microbiota in hard feces from healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) medicated with long term oral meloxicam.
|
BACKGROUND: Analgesia is often indicated in rabbits undergoing surgical procedures or suffering from various painful conditions and the most common adverse effects associated with NSAIDs occur in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The objective of this study was to determine the potential effect of long-term (21 days) meloxicam administration on the fecal bacterial microbiota in healthy rabbits.Samples of hard feces were collected from six rabbits treated with meloxicam (1 mg/kg orally once every 24 h) on days 0,6,14 and 21. Next generation sequencing of V4 16S rRNA gene products was performed.RESULTS: A total of 2589912 V4 rRNA gene sequences passed all quality control filters. Firmicutes predominated (82.0 ± 6.2%). Sixteen other phyla were also identified but other than Verrucomicrobia (4.4 ± 4.9%), all accounted for less than 1% of the identified sequences. Within Firmicutes, Clostridia was the dominant class, accounting for 76% of operational taxon units (OTUs). In general, there were only few differences observed between time points and different rabbits at the phylum level. A significant change was observed in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria over the 4 time points (P = 0.02).CONCLUSIONS: The gastrointestinal tract of rabbits harbors dense and diverse microbiota. Significant alteration of the hard fecal microbiota does not appear to be a considerable adverse effect expected in rabbits treated for 21 days with oral meloxicam at a dose of 1 mg/kg.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Bacteria', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Meloxicam', 'RNA, Bacterial', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Rabbits', 'Thiazines', 'Thiazoles']
| 24,618,207
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['B03'], ['A12.459'], ['D02.886.665.275', 'D02.886.675.448', 'D03.383.129.708.448', 'D03.383.855.275'], ['D13.444.735.473'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D02.886.665', 'D03.383.855'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[?⁸F]FDG-positron emission tomography coregistration with computed tomography scans for radiation treatment planning of lymphoma and hematologic malignancies.
|
PURPOSE: Positron emission-tomography (PET) using 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET) increases sensitivity and specificity of disease detection in lymphoma and thus is standard in lymphoma management. This study examines the effects of coregistering FDG-PET and computed tomography (CT) (PET/CT) scans on treatment planning for lymphoma patients.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty-nine patients (30 positive PET scans) underwent PET/CT treatment planning from July 2004 to February 2007 and were retrospectively studied. For each patient, gross tumor volume was blindly contoured on the CT-only and PET/CT studies by a radiation oncologist. Treatment plans were generated for both the CT-only and PET/CT planning target volumes (PTVs) for all patients. Normal tissue doses and PTV coverage were evaluated using dose--volume histograms for all sites.RESULTS: Thirty-two treatment sites were evaluated. Twenty-one patients had non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 5 patients had Hodgkin lymphoma, and 3 patients had plasma cell neoplasms. Previously undetected FDG-avid sites were identified in 3 patients during PET/CT simulation, resulting in one additional treatment field. Due to unexpected PET/CT simulation findings, 2 patients did not proceed with radiation treatment. The addition of PET changed the volume of 23 sites (72%). The PTV was increased in 15 sites (47%) by a median of 11% (range, 6-40%) and reduced in 8 sites (25%) by a median of 20% (range, 6%-75%). In six (19%) replanned sites, the CT-based treatment plan would not have adequately covered the PTV defined by PET/CT.CONCLUSIONS: Incorporation of FDG-PET into CT-based treatment planning for lymphoma patients resulted in considerable changes in management, volume definition, and normal tissue dosimetry for a significant number of patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cancer Care Facilities', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multimodal Imaging', 'Neoplasms, Plasma Cell', 'New York City', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Tumor Burden', 'Young Adult']
| 20,933,343
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N02.278.421.556.070'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.567'], ['C04.557.595'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E05.041.124.892'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Retinal circulation and ocular blood barrier in diabetic retinopathy].
|
Macular capillary blood flow velocity, the score of fluorescein angiography in posterior region and aqueous flare intensity were investigated in 38 diabetics (41 eyes) and 6 normal subjects (6 eyes) to clarify the relationship among retinal circulation, blood-retinal barrier and blood-aqueous barrier. Macular capillary blood flow velocity was measured by means of the blue field entoptic phenomenon, the score of fluorescein angiography was graded by the extent of edema in the posterior region, aqueous flare intensity was measured with a flare-cell meter. The results showed that the reduction of macular capillary blood flow is significantly associated with an increase in fluorescein angiography score and aqueous flare intensity via diabetic retinopathy (p less than 0.01).
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aqueous Humor', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood-Retinal Barrier', 'Capillaries', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Female', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Humans', 'Macula Lutea', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Retinal Vessels']
| 1,621,615
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A09.371.060.067.070', 'A12.207.270.040'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A07.040', 'A09.371.729.055'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.729.522'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['A07.015.611']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Estrogen-progestin replacement therapy and breast cancer risk: the Women's Health Study (United States).
|
OBJECTIVE: While there is substantial evidence that unopposed estrogen use increases the risk of breast cancer, there are limited data from epidemiologic studies on the impact of estrogen-progestin combinations. We therefore examined estrogen-progestin replacement therapy and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Study.METHODS: We investigated postmenopausal hormone (PMH) use among 17,835 apparently healthy postmenopausal women aged > or =45 years, and followed them prospectively for an average of 5.9 years. Breast cancer occurred in 411 women.RESULTS: The multivariate relative risks of all breast cancer associated with never use of PMH, use of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), and use of estrogen-progestin replacement therapy (HRT) were 1.00 (referent), 0.96 (95% CI 0.65-1.42), and 1.37 (95% CI 1.05-1.78). The increase in risk among users of HRT was largely limited to those women who had used estrogen-progestin replacement therapy for five years or more, and to those women who were on continuous rather than cyclic progestin combinations. Higher doses of estrogen, but not progestin, were associated with increased breast cancer risk, compared with lower doses.CONCLUSIONS: These prospective data suggest that use of estrogen-progestin replacement therapy imparts an increased risk of breast cancer in comparison with never use of PMH.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Estrogen Replacement Therapy', 'Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Time Factors', 'United States']
| 12,462,550
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['N05.715.350.240', 'N06.850.490.718'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.319.452.150'], ['D06.472.334.851.437.988'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Matrix metalloproteinases and their endogenous inhibitors during the implantation period in the rat uterus.
|
Rats were studied to determine if matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) were detectable in developing embryonic and uterine tissues during the implantation period; that is, Days 6-8 of pregnancy. Tissue extracts were studied by zymography, reverse zymography and Western blotting. Immunohistochemistry procedures using antibodies against MMPs and TIMPs were applied to tissue sections that passed through implantation sites. The MMP inhibitor, doxycycline, was injected intraluminally into uterine horns of pseudopregnant animals. MMP-2 and -9, and TIMP-2 were detected in gelatin and reverse zymographs, respectively, from extracts of implantation sites on each day studied. Western blots defined bands corresponding to MMP-1, but casein zymographs did not consistently show evidence of extractable MMP-1 or -3. In tissue sections the primary decidual tissue area stained consistently for TIMP-2 and on Days 7 and 8 this area also had positive staining for MMP-1 in close proximity to the implanting embryo. On Day 8 positive staining in the outer stromal tissue was detected using an antibody against MMP-9, and another MMP (possibly MMP-3) was localized exclusively in ectoplacental cone/trophoblastic cells. Intraluminal injection of doxycycline did not significantly prevent the growth of the uterine horns following surgical induction of pseudopregnancy on Day 5. The strong localization of TIMP-2 in the primary decidual tissue is similar to that reported previously for TIMP-3, indicating that these inhibitors have a role in decidualization, including the regulation of trophoblastic invasion.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Decidua', 'Doxycycline', 'Electrophoresis', 'Embryo Implantation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 1', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors', 'Matrix Metalloproteinases', 'Pregnancy', 'Pseudopregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases', 'Uterus']
| 11,101,274
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A05.360.319.679.490.373', 'A16.710.289'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.200', 'D04.615.562.900.200'], ['E05.196.401', 'E05.301.300'], ['G08.686.784.170.104.500'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.351', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.351', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.100', 'D12.644.276.848.100', 'D12.776.467.836.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.150', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.150', 'D12.644.276.848.150', 'D12.776.467.836.150'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.610'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.776.645.875.450'], ['D12.776.645.875.500'], ['D12.776.645.875.550'], ['D12.776.645.875'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence and correlates of hypertension in a subarctic Indian population.
|
BACKGROUND: In a cross-sectional survey of 704 Cree and Ojibwa Indians ages 20-64 in six northern Canadian communities, blood pressure was measured along with various anthropometric, dietary, biochemical, sociodemographic, and lifestyle data.METHODS: Two readings of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) pressures were obtained using a mercury sphygmomanometer in accordance with WHO protocol. In analyses where blood pressure (BP) was a continuous variable, the means of the two readings were used. Where "hypertension" as a dichotomous variable was used, a "normal" subject was one with no past history of known physician-treated hypertension and who currently had SBP less than or equal to 140 and DBP less than or equal to 90 mm Hg. All others were classified as "hypertensives."RESULTS: Based on these criteria, the adjusted prevalence of hypertension in the sample was 27%, with an increased frequency among males and those in the older age group. Compared with data from the Canada Health Survey, the mean SBP among the Indians exceeded that of Canadians in the younger age groups but was lower beyond age 45. For DBP, Indians had higher mean levels than Canadians consistently across all age groups and in both sexes. On univariate comparisons, significantly higher BP levels were found among men, the old, those with little education, nondrinkers, the physically inactive, the obese, and the diabetic. Hypertensives also differed from nonhypertensives in terms of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio, various indices of obesity and fat patterning, and fasting glucose levels. In a multiple logistic regression model, significant predictors of hypertensive status included male sex, age, body mass index, total cholesterol, unemployed and single marital status, and positive family history of hypertension.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Eating', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Indians, North American', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Manitoba', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Ontario', 'Physical Fitness', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors']
| 1,871,077
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.686.508.150.600'], ['D10'], ['Z01.107.567.176.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Neurochemical evaluation of the striatum in symptomatic and recovered MPTP-treated cats.
|
Striatal neurochemistry and motor activity were assessed in cats treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and killed either when symptomatic for a Parkinson-like motor disorder or six weeks later, when showing significant motor recovery. The results of striatal neurochemical analyses showed distinct regional differences in susceptibility to MPTP-induced damage, with dorsal striatal regions generally more severely affected than ventral striatal regions. Symptomatic animals had more severe dopamine loss in all striatal regions than did recovered animals. The dorsal lateral caudate, the cat's sensorimotor striatum, had the largest dopamine depletion in the symptomatic animals (99%) and the least recovery in recovered animals (94% depletion). In contrast, the nucleus accumbens had a 94% dopamine depletion in symptomatic animals and only a 34% depletion in recovered animals. In addition to increases in dopamine levels and dopamine utilization in the striatum in recovered animals, significant increases in serotonin levels and serotonin utilization were also observed. Therefore, motor recovery may have been due to either or both of these neurochemical changes. The fact that the cat develops Parkinson-like motor symptoms but that they are not persistent may make this an interesting model in which to study the role of dopamine in motor function and to study compensatory mechanisms of the damaged dopamine system.
|
['1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Catecholamines', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Female', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Parkinson Disease, Secondary']
| 1,944,893
|
[['D03.383.725.450'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.800', 'C10.228.662.600.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Homologous DNA pairing domain peptides of RecA protein: intrinsic propensity to form beta-structures and filaments.
|
The 20 amino acid residue peptides derived from RecA loop L2 have been shown to be the pairing domain of RecA. The peptides bind to ss- and dsDNA, unstack ssDNA, and pair the ssDNA to its homologous target in a duplex DNA. As shown by circular dichroism, upon binding to DNA the disordered peptides adopt a beta-structure conformation. Here we show that the conformational change of the peptide from random coil to beta-structure is important in binding ss- and dsDNA. The beta-structure in the DNA pairing peptides can be induced by many environmental conditions such as high pH, high concentration, and non-micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate (6 mM). This behavior indicates an intrinsic property of these peptides to form a beta-structure. A beta-structure model for the loop L2 of RecA protein when bound to DNA is thus proposed. The fact that aromatic residues at the central position 203 strongly modulate the peptide binding to DNA and subsequent biochemical activities can be accounted for by the direct effect of the aromatic amino acids on the peptide conformational change. The DNA-pairing domain of RecA visualized by electron microscopy self-assembles into a filamentous structure like RecA. The relevance of such a peptide filamentous structure to the structure of RecA when bound to DNA is discussed.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Circular Dichroism', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Conformation', 'Rec A Recombinases']
| 9,514,744
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['D12.776.260'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D08.811.739.650', 'D08.811.913.696.445.692']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Viewpoint: New physicians for a new century.
|
How to train competent and compassionate physicians has assumed a new urgency. The authors propose that these concerns be approached by radically restructuring the medical school curriculum in ways that place facts and skills within the context of ethics and values. Doing so will require that the positivist stance of medical education be coupled to strategies that deal with ambiguity and uncertainty, communication and empathy, and, most important, physician self-awareness. Achieving such balance will require fundamental change in medicine's education philosophy along five general lines: (1) assertion of medical ethics as the foundation of clinical medicine; (2) recognition of the central place of values in clinical decision making; (3) cultivation of the ethos of humane care; (4) selection of medical students with the dual capacities of strong cognitive skills and empathy; and (5) encouragement and support of faculty who can transmit the knowledge of clinical science coupled to the principles of humane care. Such changes are both timely and necessary. Although they will be difficult to accomplish, they offer an opportunity for medical educators to foster the development of physicians with the range attributes that this new century demands.
|
['Communication', 'Education, Medical', 'Empathy', 'Humanism', 'Humans', "Physician's Role", 'Physician-Patient Relations']
| 16,306,277
|
[['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['I02.358.399'], ['F01.752.355', 'F01.752.543.500.500'], ['K01.752.566.479.174', 'N05.350.835'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.600'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in two factories with various hepato-toxic risks].
|
The Authors have studied AST and ALT enzymatic activities in the workers of two firms, the former of which (tannery) with a high and the latter (boot and shoe factory) with a low level of hepatic-toxic risk. The influence of various trouble factors such as age, sex and seniority was eliminated through appropriate statistical techniques. A significant difference was evidenced between AST and ALT levels in two firms, chiefly attributable to the quantity and quality of the substances utilized in the two technological cycles: trichloroethylene, chromium, sulphuric acid, mineral oils, ammonia, N-hexane, pentanes acetone, ciclo hexane, methanol, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, toluene, methylene chloride.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Aspartate Aminotransferases', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Risk', 'Sex Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 7,347,821
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.225'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C24'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Using time to insensibility and estimated time of death to evaluate a nonpenetrating captive bolt, cervical dislocation, and blunt trauma for on-farm killing of turkeys.
|
The effectiveness of a pneumatic nonpenetrating captive bolt (Zephyr) was assessed for on-farm euthanasia of turkeys and compared with blunt force trauma, manual cervical dislocation, and mechanical cervical dislocation using a burdizzo. The Zephyr (n = 46) and burdizzo (n = 26) were evaluated in turkey hens (11.4 +/- 0.1 kg), the Zephyr (n = 46) and blunt trauma (n = 32) were evaluated in turkey toms (13.1 +/- 0.2 kg), and the Zephyr (n = 12), blunt trauma (n = 11), and manual cervical dislocation (n = 7) were evaluated in broiler turkeys (4.1 +/- 0.3 kg). The nictitating membrane and pupillary light reflexes were monitored continuously to determine when insensibility occurred. Time of death was estimated based on the end time of convulsions and sustained absence of breathing. The nictitating membrane reflex was present immediately after treatment in all 26 hens killed with a burdizzo versus 8 of 46 hens killed with the Zephyr (P < 0.001). The presence of eye reflexes did not differ between the Zephyr and blunt trauma for toms (1 of 26 toms killed with blunt trauma, 2 of 44 toms killed with the Zephyr, P = 1.0). The nictitating membrane reflex persisted in a greater proportion of broiler turkeys killed with cervical dislocation (7 of 7) versus the Zephyr (0 of 12, P < 0.001) and blunt trauma (2 of 9, P = 0.003) but did not differ between blunt trauma and the Zephyr (P = 0.2). End time of convulsions did not differ between the Zephyr and burdizzo for hens (204 +/- 8 vs. 114 +/- 10 s, P = 0.5) or between the Zephyr and blunt trauma for toms (200 +/- 7 s vs. 218 +/- 11.8 s, P = 0.4) but was shorter after cervical dislocation in broiler turkeys (cervical dislocation: 138 +/- 13 s, Zephyr: 165 +/- 7 s, blunt trauma: 178 +/- 13 s, P < 0.001). Results demonstrated that the Zephyr (discharged twice in immediate succession) and blunt trauma (single hit) were similarly effective at consistently causing immediate insensibility. Conversely, neither method of cervical dislocation caused immediate insensibility. This study may assist in revising current poultry euthanasia recommendations.
|
['Animal Husbandry', 'Animals', 'Electroshock', 'Euthanasia, Animal', 'Female', 'Joint Dislocations', 'Male', 'Random Allocation', 'Turkeys', 'Wounds, Nonpenetrating']
| 20,548,061
|
[['J01.040.090'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.723.402.403', 'F04.669.224'], ['E02.760.905.199.249.750', 'E05.335', 'N02.421.585.905.199.500.750'], ['C05.550.518', 'C26.289'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.800', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.800'], ['C26.974']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
De Novo renal expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor during the development of rat crescentic glomerulonephritis.
|
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a key mediator of the delayed-type hypersensitivity response, was originally thought to be produced by activated T cells. However, recent studies have found that MIF is produced in many cell types including monocytes/macrophages and anterior pituitary cells. The current study has examined MIF expression in normal and diseased kidney using in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and Northern blotting. MIF mRNA and protein are constitutively expressed in normal kidney, being largely restricted to tubular epithelial cells and some glomerular visceral and parietal epithelial cells. During the development of rat anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis, a model of macrophage-mediated renal injury, there was marked de novo expression of MIF by intrinsic kidney cells including endothelium and glomerular and tubular epithelial cells. Up-regulation of MIF expression correlated with macrophage accumulation within the glomerulus (P < 0.001) and tubulointerstitium (P < 0.001). Of significance, the accumulation of macrophages was exclusively localized to areas of strong MIF expression, contributing to focal glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesion formation. In addition, up-regulation of MIF expression by parietal epithelial cells was associated with macrophage accumulation within Bowman's space and crescent formation. Combined in situ hybridization and immunostaining also demonstrated MIF expression by macrophages, T cells, and fibroblast-like cells within renal lesions. In conclusion, these data provide the first demonstration that renal epithelial cells are a major source of MIF in both normal and diseased kidney. Furthermore, the up-regulation of MIF expression may play an important role in macrophage accumulation and progressive renal injury in rat crescentic glomerulonephritis.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Glomerulonephritis', 'Kidney Glomerulus', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Macrophage Activation', 'Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors', 'Male', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Time Factors']
| 8,863,661
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C12.777.419.570.363', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363'], ['A05.810.453.324.359', 'A05.810.453.736.520'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['G12.287.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.480.625', 'D12.776.467.374.480.625', 'D23.125.477.500', 'D23.529.374.480.625'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Combined ab initio computational and experimental multinuclear solid-state magnetic resonance study of phenylphosphonic acid.
|
1H, 13C, 17O and 31P NMR parameters, including chemical shift tensors and quadrupolar parameters for 17O, were calculated for phenylphosphonic acid, C6H5PO(OH)2, under periodic boundary conditions. The results are in very good agreement with experimental data and permit the unambiguous assignment of all the sites present in the structure. In particular, the 17O NMR parameters of the P=O and P-OH environments were precisely determined, which should help in the characterization of the bonding mode of phosphonate molecules in hybrid solids. Moreover, the effect of intermolecular interactions on the NMR parameters were investigated by comparing the results of the calculations in the crystal and in an isolated molecule of phenylphosphonic acid.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Crystallography', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Models, Chemical', 'Models, Molecular', 'Organophosphorus Compounds', 'Powders', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 15,095,380
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.196.309', 'H01.181.529.240'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D02.705'], ['D26.255.779'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Discovering high mobility group A molecular partners in tumour cells.
|
DNA-based activities rely on an extremely coordinated sequence of events performed by several chromatin-associated proteins which act in concert. High Mobility Group A (HMGA) proteins are non-histone architectural nuclear factors that participate in the regulation of specific genes but they are also believed to have a more general role in chromatin dynamics. The peculiarity of these proteins is their flexibility, both in terms of DNA-binding and in protein-protein interactions. Since these proteins act as core elements in the assembly of multiprotein complexes called enhanceosomes, and have already displayed the ability to interact with several different proteins, we started a proteomic approach for the systematic identification of their molecular partners. By a combination of affinity chromatography, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry we have identified about twenty putative HMGA interactors which could be roughly assigned to three different classes: mRNA processing proteins, chromatin remodelling related factors and structural proteins. Direct HMGA interaction with some of these proteins was confirmed by glutathione-S-transferase pull-down assays and the HMGA domain involved was mapped. Blot-overlay experiments reveal that members of the HMGA family share most of their molecular partners but, interestingly, it seems that there are some cell-type specific partners. Taken together, these experimental data indicate that HMGA proteins are highly connected nodes in the chromatin protein network. Since these proteins are strongly implicated with cancer development, the identification of molecules able to perturb the HMGA molecular network could be a possible tool to interfere with their oncogenic activity.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chromatin', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'HMGA Proteins', 'Humans', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Proteome', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization']
| 15,798,993
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['D12.776.260.312', 'D12.776.660.235.400.500', 'D12.776.664.235.400.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.817'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.196.566.755']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of conditioning horses with lactate-guided exercise on muscle glycogen content.
|
The effects of 3 different conditioning programmes on muscle glycogen concentration in horses were examined. Speed of exercise was selected according to the blood lactate values for each horse derived from a standardised exercise test before beginning a conditioning programme. Six 2-year-old Haflinger stallions were assigned randomly to one of 3 conditioning programmes according to a 6 x 3 latin square design: 45 min at their individual v1.5 or v2.5 and 25 min at v4. Each conditioning programme lasted 6 weeks (21 exercise sessions), followed by 5 weeks without conditioning (resting period). All exercise was carried out on a treadmill inclined at 17%. Muscle biopsies were taken 5 times from the gluteus medius muscle at 2 cm and 6 cm depth: before the start and in the middle of the conditioning period, then at Days 2, 9 and 35 after the last exercise session. It was found that glycogen concentration was not affected by conditioning until 9 days after finishing conditioning at v1.5 and v2.5 for 45 min (P < 0.05). By this time glycogen concentration in the muscle samples taken at 6 cm depth increased by 47 and 48%, respectively, and remained elevated until the end of the resting period. It was concluded that conditioning at lower intensity and for longer duration seemed to increase glycogen stores in the muscle while faster intensity but shorter duration exercise did not. To increase the likelihood of measuring effects of conditioning programmes on muscle variables, sampling should be done at different depths of a muscle and at several days after finishing a conditioning programme.
|
['Animals', 'Biopsy', 'Exercise Test', 'Glycogen', 'Horses', 'Lactic Acid', 'Male', 'Muscles', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Random Allocation']
| 10,659,277
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Comparative distribution of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in human, guinea-pig, rabbit and mouse erythrocytes.
|
1. Guinea-pig erythrocytes contain half the activity of the enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PD) present in human cells. About 60% of their total activity is membrane-bound. 2. Rabbit erythrocytes also contain half the amount of the enzyme of human red cells. The distribution of G3PD in rabbit cells, however, is similar to that of human cells with 70% of the enzyme being membrane-bound. 3. Mouse erythrocytes contain about two-thirds of G3PD activity present in human cells. All their enzyme activity is present in membrane-free hemolysate. 4. Non-human erythrocyte membrane proteins, in addition, have relatively greater amount of band 2.1, lack band 2.2, have a more heterogenous band 3 than its human counterpart, and have overlapping bands 4.1 and 4.2.
|
['Animals', 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Rabbits', 'Species Specificity']
| 3,665,431
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D08.811.682.657.163.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Efficacy of oral N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose. Analysis of the national multicenter study (1976 to 1985)
|
During the investigational use of oral N-acetylcysteine as an antidote for poisoning with acetaminophen, 11,195 cases of suspected acetaminophen overdose were reported. We describe the outcomes of 2540 patients with acetaminophen ingestions treated with a loading dose of 140 mg of oral N-acetylcysteine per kilogram of body weight, followed four hours later by 70 mg per kilogram given every four hours for an additional 17 doses. Patients were categorized for analysis on the basis of initial plasma acetaminophen concentrations and the interval between ingestion and treatment. Hepatotoxicity developed in 6.1 percent of patients at probable risk when N-acetylcysteine was started within 10 hours of acetaminophen ingestion and in 26.4 percent of such patients when therapy was begun 10 to 24 hours after ingestion. Among patients at high risk who were treated 16 to 24 hours after an acetaminophen overdose, hepatotoxicity developed in 41 percent--a rate lower than that among historical controls. When given within eight hours of acetaminophen ingestion, N-acetylcysteine was protective regardless of the initial plasma acetaminophen concentration. There was no difference in outcome whether N-acetylcysteine was started zero to four or four to eight hours after ingestion, but efficacy decreased with further delay. There were 11 deaths among the 2540 patients (0.43 percent); in the nine fatal cases in which aminotransferase was measured before treatment, values were elevated before N-acetylcysteine was started. No deaths were clearly caused by acetaminophen among patients in whom N-acetylcysteine therapy was begun within 16 hours. We conclude that N-acetylcysteine treatment should be started within eight hours of an acetaminophen overdose, but that treatment is still indicated at least as late as 24 hours after ingestion. On the basis of available data, the 72-hour regimen of oral N-acetylcysteine is as effective as the 20-hour intravenous regimen described previously, and it may be superior when treatment is delayed.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Acetylcysteine', 'Administration, Oral', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Mortality', 'Multicenter Studies as Topic', 'Time Factors', 'Transaminases']
| 3,059,186
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['E05.318.372.658', 'N05.715.360.330.643', 'N06.850.520.450.643'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D08.811.913.477.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Androgen-dependent pathology demonstrates myopathic contribution to the Kennedy disease phenotype in a mouse knock-in model.
|
Kennedy disease, a degenerative disorder characterized by androgen-dependent neuromuscular weakness, is caused by a CAG/glutamine tract expansion in the androgen receptor (Ar) gene. We developed a mouse model of Kennedy disease, using gene targeting to convert mouse androgen receptor (AR) to human sequence while introducing 113 glutamines. AR113Q mice developed hormone and glutamine length-dependent neuromuscular weakness characterized by the early occurrence of myopathic and neurogenic skeletal muscle pathology and by the late development of neuronal intranuclear inclusions in spinal neurons. AR113Q males unexpectedly died at 2-4 months. We show that this androgen-dependent death reflects decreased expression of skeletal muscle chloride channel 1 (CLCN1) and the skeletal muscle sodium channel alpha-subunit, resulting in myotonic discharges in skeletal muscle of the lower urinary tract. AR113Q limb muscles show similar myopathic features and express decreased levels of mRNAs encoding neurotrophin-4 and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. These data define an important myopathic contribution to the Kennedy disease phenotype and suggest a role for muscle in non-cell autonomous toxicity of lower motor neurons.
|
['Androgens', 'Animals', 'Chloride Channels', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Muscular Atrophy, Spinal', 'Mutation', 'Myogenin', 'NAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Orchiectomy', 'Receptors, Androgen', 'Receptors, Cholinergic', 'Sodium Channels', 'Spinal Cord', 'Survival Analysis', 'Testis', 'Testosterone']
| 16,981,011
|
[['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.644.276.860.381.500', 'D12.776.467.860.381.500', 'D12.776.631.600.381.500', 'D23.529.850.381.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['C10.228.854.468', 'C10.574.562.500', 'C10.668.467.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.600', 'D12.776.260.103.750.600', 'D12.776.930.125.750.600'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875.750.400', 'D12.776.210.500.675', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875.750.400', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875.750.400'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['E04.270.282.679', 'E04.950.165.679', 'E04.950.774.860.618'], ['D12.776.826.750.150'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.360'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875'], ['A08.186.854'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
MaizeGDB: The Maize Genetics and Genomics Database.
|
MaizeGDB is the community database for biological information about the crop plant Zea mays. Genomic, genetic, sequence, gene product, functional characterization, literature reference, and person/organization contact information are among the datatypes stored at MaizeGDB. At the project's website ( http://www.maizegdb.org ) are custom interfaces enabling researchers to browse data and to seek out specific information matching explicit search criteria. In addition, pre-compiled reports are made available for particular types of data and bulletin boards are provided to facilitate communication and coordination among members of the community of maize geneticists.
|
['Computational Biology', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Genomics', 'Web Browser', 'Zea mays']
| 26,519,406
|
[['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['L01.224.900.940', 'L01.470.937'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Emergence of Resistance to Fungicides: The Role of Fungicide Dose.
|
Resistance to antimicrobial drugs allows pathogens to survive drug treatment. The time taken for a new resistant mutant to reach a population size that is unlikely to die out by chance is called "emergence time." Prolonging emergence time would delay loss of control. We investigate the effect of fungicide dose on the emergence time in fungal plant pathogens. A population dynamical model is combined with dose-response data for Zymoseptoria tritici, an important wheat pathogen. Fungicides suppress sensitive pathogen population. This has two effects. First, the rate of appearance of resistant mutants is reduced, hence the emergence takes longer. Second, more healthy host tissue becomes available for resistant mutants, increasing their chances to invade and accelerates emergence. In theory, the two competing effects may lead to a non-monotonic dependence of the emergence time on fungicide dose that exhibits a minimum. But according to field data, fungicides are unable to reduce the fungicide-sensitive population strongly enough even at high doses. Hence, for full resistance over realistic ranges of pathogen's life history and fungicide dose-response parameters, emergence time decreases monotonically with increasing dose. For partial resistance, there can be cases within a limited parameter range, when emergence decelerates at higher doses.
|
['Ascomycota', 'Azoles', 'Drug Resistance, Fungal', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Mutation', 'Plant Diseases', 'Triticum']
| 28,079,455
|
[['B01.300.107'], ['D03.383.129'], ['G06.225.383', 'G07.690.773.984.269.383'], ['D27.720.031.700.288', 'D27.888.723.288'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['E05.599'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G15.610'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Parital microflora of human intestine].
|
The modified method of the microbiological study of parietal mucin has been developed. The proposed method makes it possible to evaluate the parietal microflora of the intestine. The advantages of using physiological saline and Hanks' solution as medium ensuring the storage and self-thinning of mucin have been proved. The optimum time of making the microbiological study of intestinal mucin has also been determined.
|
['Bacteria', 'Candida', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Intestine, Large', 'Isotonic Solutions', 'Mucins', 'Specimen Handling', 'Time Factors']
| 12,630,356
|
[['B03'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['A03.556.124.526', 'A03.556.249.249'], ['D26.776.498'], ['D12.776.395.560.631'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Binding site of ribosomal proteins on prokaryotic 5S ribonucleic acids: a study with ribonucleases.
|
The binding sites of ribosomal proteins L18 and L25 on 5S RNA from Escherichia coli were probed with ribonucleases A, T1, and T2 and a double helix specific cobra venom endonuclease. The results for the protein-RNA complexes, which were compared with those for the free RNA [Douthwaite, S., & Garrett, R. A. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 7301--7307], reveal an extensive interaction site for protein L18 and a more localized one for L25. Generally comparable results, with a few important differences, were obtained in a study of the binding sites of the two E. coli proteins on Bacillus stearothermophilus 5S RNA. Several protein-induced changes in the RNA structures were identified; some are possibly allosteric in nature. The two prokaryotic 5S RNAs were also incubated with total 50S subunit proteins from E. coli and B. stearothermophilus ribosomes. Homologous and heterologous reconstitution experiments were performed for both RNAs. The effects of the bound proteins on the ribonuclease digestion of the RNAs could generally be correlated with the results obtained with the E. coli proteins L18 and L25, although there was evidence for an additional protein-induced conformational change in the B. stearothermophilus 5S RNA, which may have been due to a third ribosomal protein L5.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Binding Sites', 'Escherichia coli', 'Geobacillus stearothermophilus', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'RNA, Bacterial', 'Ribonucleases', 'Ribosomal Proteins']
| 6,178,424
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.400.400', 'B03.353.500.100.400.400', 'B03.510.100.100.400.400', 'B03.510.415.400.158.400.400', 'B03.510.460.410.158.400.400'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.444.735.473'], ['D08.811.277.352.700'], ['D12.776.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation of bothrasperin, a disintegrin with potent platelet aggregation inhibitory activity, from the venom of the snake Bothrops asper.
|
The venom of Bothrops asper induces severe coagulation disturbances in accidentally envenomed humans. However, only few studies have been conducted to identify components that interact with the hemostatic system in this venom. In the present work, we fractionated B. asper venom in order to investigate the possible presence of inhibitors of platelet aggregation. Using a combination of gel filtration, anion-exchange chromatography, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, we isolated an acidic protein which shows a single chain composition, with a molecular mass of approximately 8 kDa, estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Its N-terminal sequence has high similarity to disintegrins isolated from different snake venoms, which are known to bind to cellular integrins such as the GPIIb/IIIa fibrinogen receptor on platelets. The purified protein exerted potent aggregation inhibitory activity on ADP-stimulated human platelets in vitro, with an estimated IC50 of 50 nM. This biological activity, together with the biochemical characteristics observed, demonstrate that the protein isolated from B. asper venom is a disintegrin, hereby named "bothrasperin". This is the first disintegrin isolated from Central American viperid snake species.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Blood Platelets', 'Bothrops', 'Chromatography', 'Crotalid Venoms', 'Disintegrins', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors']
| 15,162,701
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672.125.937.240.375'], ['E05.196.181'], ['D20.888.850.960.200', 'D23.946.833.850.960.200'], ['D12.644.138'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D27.505.954.502.780']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Persistence of apoptosis and inflammatory responses in the heart and bone marrow of mice following whole-body exposure to ²⁸Silicon (²⁸Si) ions.
|
It has been well established that the bone marrow (BM) is a radiosensitive tissue, but the radiosensitivity of the heart is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the comparative effects of ²⁸Silicon (²⁸Si) ions (one type of heavy ion found in space) on tissue from the heart and the BM of exposed mice. We gave adult male CBA/CaJ mice a whole-body exposure to a total dose of 0, 0.1, 0.25, or 0.5 Gy of 300 MeV/nucleon (n) ²⁸Si ions, using a fractionated schedule (two exposures, 15 days apart that totaled each selected dose). The heart and BM were collected from 5 mice per treatment group at various times up to 6 months post-irradiation. In each mouse, we obtained tissue lysates from the heart and from the total population of BM cells for measuring the levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (cleaved PARP, a marker of apoptotic cell death) and the levels of activated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-êB) and selected NF-êB-regulated cytokines known to be involved in inflammatory responses. Our data showed that, up to 6 months post-irradiation, the levels of apoptotic cell death and inflammatory responses in tissues from the heart and BM collected from exposed mice were statistically higher than those in sham controls. Hence, these findings are suggestive of chronic apoptotic cell death and inflammation in both tissues after exposure to ²⁸Si ions. In summary, our data are indicative of a possible association between exposure to ²⁸Si ions during space flight and long-term health risk.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Bone Marrow', 'Cytokines', 'Heart', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred CBA', 'Myocardium', 'NF-kappa B', 'Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1', 'Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases', 'Radioisotopes', 'Silicon', 'Whole-Body Irradiation']
| 23,756,637
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A15.382.216'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A07.541'], ['C23.550.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.690.420'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.690'], ['D01.496.749'], ['D01.268.513.937'], ['E02.815.814', 'E05.980']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Raised Proinflammatory Cytokine Production Within Cerebrospinal Fluid Precedes Fever Onset in Patients With Neurosurgery-Associated Bacterial Meningitis.
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to determine whether selective inflammatory cytokine concentrations within cerebrospinal fluid are useful markers for the differential diagnosis of aseptic and bacterial meningitis within neurosurgical patients.DESIGN: Prospective, open-label, observational, cohort study.SETTING: Neurosurgical ICU, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.PATIENTS: Thirty-two consecutive neurosurgical patients who had postoperative fever following external ventricular drain insertion for the treatment of brain injury underwent serial cerebrospinal fluid cytokine analysis pre and post fever to determine the value of such markers in ascertaining the differential diagnosis of meningitis.INTERVENTION: Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected on the day of fever onset, as well as on day 2 and 4 pre and post fever development. Tumor necrosis factor-á, interleukin-1â, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, transforming growth factor-â, and procalcitonin were subsequently analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis techniques.MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: Inflammatory marker levels were compared among febrile aseptic, bacterial, and nonmeningitis patients to determine cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory changes over time. Significant increases in cerebrospinal fluid tumor necrosis factor -á, interleukin-1â, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 levels were observed within patients with bacterial meningitis at fever onset, which was not evident in aseptic or nonmeningitis patients. Furthermore, significant increases in cerebrospinal fluid tumor necrosis factor-á, interleukin-1â, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 levels were detected as early as 4 days prior to fever onset within patients with bacterial meningitis when compared with both aseptic and nonmeningitis groups. Interestingly, procalcitonin was only significantly increased in patients with bacterial meningitis on the fourth day post fever.CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that raised cerebrospinal fluid tumor necrosis factor -á, interleukin-1â, and interleukin-8 in a temporal manner may indicate early bacterial meningitis development in neurosurgical patients, enabling earlier diagnostic certainty and improved patient outcomes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Area Under Curve', 'Calcitonin', 'Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cytokines', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Fever', 'Humans', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Interleukin-6', 'Interleukin-8', 'Male', 'Meningitis, Aseptic', 'Meningitis, Bacterial', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Protein Precursors', 'ROC Curve', 'Risk Assessment', 'Survival Rate', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 26,196,350
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['D06.472.699.150', 'D06.472.931.052', 'D12.644.400.095', 'D12.644.548.150', 'D12.776.631.650.095'], ['D12.644.400.097', 'D12.776.631.650.097'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.469'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['C10.228.614.220'], ['C01.150.252.223.500', 'C01.207.180.500', 'C10.228.228.180.500', 'C10.228.614.280'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D12.776.811'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of 3-methylcholanthrene on the redox-state of liver and red muscles in vivo.
|
It was observed, that following an injection of 3-methylcholanthrene (MC), the tissue redox-state potential is modified expressively both in liver and in red muscles. In the liver in the first day an oxidosis develops, which is followed by redosis, but in the muscle a redosis can be observed already in the first day. It is a meaningful fact, that MC influences biochemical processes in the early phase of its effect not only in the liver but also in the red muscle. By reason of this data the possibility of a prevention of the MC influence by adequate redox agents might also be arised.
|
['Animals', 'Liver', 'Methylcholanthrene', 'Muscles', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Potentiometry', 'Rats']
| 1,927,540
|
[['B01.050'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.149.500', 'D04.615.149.500'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['E05.196.922.750', 'E05.301.710'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term oral intake of aluminium or zinc does not accelerate Alzheimer pathology in AâPP and AâPP/tau transgenic mice.
|
Whether or not the oral intake of metals such as aluminium (Al) and zinc (Zn) is a risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a matter of controversy. Lack of AD pathology in patients with Al encephalopathy indicates Al does not cause AD. On the other hand, some epidemiological studies have suggested high Al increases the occurrence of AD. Our purpose is to test if high Al in drinking water is a risk factor for AD. We administered Al and Zn in drinking water to Tg2576, a transgenic mouse model for amyloid â-protein (Aâ) deposition with the Aâ precursor protein (AâPP) mutations (K670N/M671L), and Tg2576/tau(P301L), a model for Aâ and tau deposition. Deionized water was given to the control Tg2576 and Tg2576/tau. After administration for 4-10 months of approximately 100 mg/kg body weight Al or Zn per day, we were not able to find by quantitative immunohistochemical analyses differences in the deposition of Aâ and tau between the treated and untreated groups. Nor did the Al or Zn treatment affect the amount of soluble Aâ and Aâ*56, an Aâ oligomer, measured by ELISA or immunoblot. The oral intake of excess Al or Zn does not accelerate AD pathology in the transgenic mouse models for Aâ and tau accumulation. Such results do not seem to support the notion that excessive oral intake of Al or Zn is a risk factor for AD.
|
['Aluminum', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drinking Water', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Zinc']
| 22,118,300
|
[['D01.268.557.050', 'D01.552.547.050'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D01.045.250.875.300', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.300', 'D01.650.550.925.199', 'G07.203.100.418', 'J02.200.418'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Functional MRI of the cortical sensorimotor system in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia.
|
OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to use functional magnetic resonance imaging to ascertain changes in sensorimotor system function in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia and to correlate it with severity of spasticity and paresis.SETTING: Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.METHODS: Nine patients with autosomal-dominant pure HSP and 14 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were investigated with a 1.5T fMRI scanner during flexion/extension of the right-hand fingers and right ankle. Images were analysed with a general linear model and Statistical Parametrical Mapping software. Highest Z-scores were identified from probability maps, and weighted laterality indices were calculated using combined bootstrap/histogram analysis; these were correlated with clinical severity of spasticity and paresis.RESULTS: During hand movements, clusters located in contralateral primary sensorimotor and premotor areas activated in both controls and patients. Bilateral activation occurred in the supplementary motor area, parietal operculum and cerebellum (predominantly ipsilateral). During the ankle task, bilateral activation was noted in the primary sensorimotor area, supplementary motor area and cerebellum. Activation clusters in HSP patients were smaller than those in controls in the sensorimotor area, especially during the ankle task, and more pronounced ipsilaterally in cerebellum both during hand and ankle motor tasks. Spasticity was significantly associated with contralateral activation in the sensory area and correlated negatively with the highest Z-scores in Brodmann areas 1-2-3 and 4.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest changes in cortical sensorimotor network function in patients with HSP compared with healthy subjects. Lower activation in patients might reflect damage to the corticospinal tract, be influenced by compensatory mechanisms, and/or be a reflection of neurorehabilitation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cerebellum', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Databases, Factual', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Cortex', 'Movement', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary', 'Young Adult']
| 22,751,186
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['C10.500.300.820', 'C10.574.500.495.820', 'C10.668.829.800.300.820', 'C16.131.666.300.820', 'C16.320.400.375.820'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A mortality prediction rule for non-elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
|
BACKGROUND: No mortality prediction rule is suited for non-elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Therefore, we tried to create a mortality prediction rule that is simple and suitable for non-elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia.METHODS: Because of low mortality at young age, we used information from an administrative database that included A-DROP data. We analysed the rate and risk factors for in-hospital community-acquired pneumonia-associated death among non-elderly patients and created a mortality prediction rule based on those risk factors.RESULTS: We examined 49,370 hospitalisations for patients aged 18-64 years with community-acquired pneumonia. The 30-day fatality rate was 1.5%. Using regression analysis, five risk factors were selected: patient requires help for feeding, the existence of malignancy, confusion, low blood pressure, and age 40-64 years. Each risk factor of our proposed mortality risk scoring system received one point. A total point score for each patient was obtained by summing the points. The negative likelihood ratio for the score 0 group was 0.01, and the positive likelihood ratio for the score ?4 group was 19.9. The area under the curve of the risk score for non-elderly (0.86, 95% confidence interval: 0.84-0.87) was higher than that of the A-DROP score (0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.70-0.74) (P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: Our newly proposed mortality risk scoring system may be appropriate for predicting mortality in non-elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia. It showed a possibility of a better prediction value than the A-DROP and is easy to use in various clinical settings.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Community-Acquired Infections', 'Comorbidity', 'Confusion', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Hypotension', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Pneumonia', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 26,956,147
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C01.234'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C10.597.606.337', 'C23.888.592.604.339', 'F01.700.250'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.514'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Allosteric modulation of nucleoporin assemblies by intrinsically disordered regions.
|
Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of proteins are implicated in key macromolecular interactions. However, the molecular forces underlying IDR function within multicomponent assemblies remain elusive. By combining thermodynamic and structural data, we have discovered an allostery-based mechanism regulating the soluble core region of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) composed of nucleoporins Nup53, Nic96, and Nup157. We have identified distinct IDRs in Nup53 that are functionally coupled when binding to partner nucleoporins and karyopherins (Kaps) involved in NPC assembly and nucleocytoplasmic transport. We show that the Nup53·Kap121 complex forms an ensemble of structures that destabilize Nup53 hub interactions. Our study provides a molecular framework for understanding how disordered and folded domains communicate within macromolecular complexes.
|
['Allosteric Regulation', 'Intrinsically Disordered Proteins', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Nuclear Pore', 'Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins', 'Protein Domains', 'Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 31,807,700
|
[['G02.111.044'], ['D12.776.481'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['D05.500'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.692.630'], ['D12.776.157.530.750.625', 'D12.776.543.585.750.625'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750', 'G02.111.570.820.709.610.500'], ['D12.776.826'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
B-cell depletion attenuates serological biomarkers of fibrosis and myofibroblast activation in IgG4-related disease.
|
OBJECTIVES: Fibrosis is a predominant feature of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). B-cell depletion induces a prompt clinical and immunological response in patients with IgG4-RD, but the effects of this intervention on fibrosis in IgG4-RD are unknown. We used the enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) score to address the impact of rituximab on fibroblast activation. The ELF score is an algorithm based on serum concentrations of procollagen-III aminoterminal propeptide, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and hyaluronic acid.METHODS: Ten patients with active, untreated IgG4-RD were enrolled. ELF scores were measured and correlated with the IgG4-RD Responder Index, serum IgG4, circulating plasmablasts and imaging studies. Through immunohistochemical stains for CD3, CD20, IgG4 and á-smooth muscle actin, we assessed the extent of the lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and the degree of fibroblast activation in one patient with tissue biopsies before and after rituximab.RESULTS: The ELF score was increased in patients with IgG4-RD compared with healthy controls (8.3±1.4 vs 6.2±0.9; p=0.002) and correlated with the number of organs involved (R(2)=0.41; p=0.04). Rituximab induced significant reductions in the ELF score, the number of circulating plasmablasts and the IgG4-RD Responder Index (p<0.05 for all three parameters). Rituximab reduced both the lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and myofibroblast activation. IgG4-RD relapse coincided with recurrent increases in the ELF score, indicating reactivation of collagen deposition.CONCLUSIONS: The ELF score may be a clinically useful indicator of active fibrosis and the extent of disease in IgG4-RD. B-cell depletion has the potential to halt continued collagen deposition by attenuating the secretory phenotype of myofibroblasts in IgG4-RD lesions.
|
['Adult', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Biopsy', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myofibroblasts']
| 25,143,523
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C20.111'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C23.550.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.329.228.975', 'A11.620.520.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pharmacotherapeutic effects of toki-shakuyaku-san on leukorrhagia in young women.
|
Toki-shakuyaku-san is a traditional Chinese herbal prescriptions that is composed of 6 herbal plants, i.e., peony root, atractylodes lancea rhizome, alisma rhizome, hoelen, cnidium rhizome and Japanese angelica root. Administration with Toki-shakuyaku-san normalized irregular menstrual cycle, healed cervical pseudo-erosion and reduced leukorrhagia in young women who had insufficient luteal function.
|
['Adult', 'Drug Synergism', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukorrhea', 'Luteal Phase', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Plant Extracts', 'Progesterone', 'Uterine Cervical Erosion']
| 8,874,673
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.351.500.894.700.500'], ['G08.686.605.410'], ['G08.686.605'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['C13.351.500.852.593.112']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
General base and general acid catalyzed intramolecular aminolysis of esters. Cyclization of esters of 2-aminomethylbenzoic acid to phthalimidine.
|
Plots of log k(0) vs pH for the cyclization of trifluoroethyl and phenyl 2-aminomethylbenzoate to phthalimidine at 30 degrees C in H(2)O are linear with slopes of 1.0 at pH >3. The values of the second-order rate constants k(OH) for apparent OH(-) catalysis in the cyclization reactions are 1.7 x 10(5) and 5.7 x 10(7) M(-)(1) s(-)(1), respectively. These rate constants are 10(5)- and 10(7)-fold greater than for alkaline hydrolysis of trifluoroethyl and phenyl benzoate. The k(OH) for cyclization of the methyl ester is 7.2 x 10(3) M(-)(1) s(-)(1). Bimolecular general base catalysis occurs in the intramolecular nucleophilic reactions of the neutral species. The value of the Bronsted coefficient beta for the trifluoroethyl ester is 0.7. The rate-limiting step in the general base catalyzed reaction involves proton transfer in concert with leaving group departure. The mechanism involving rate-determining proton transfer exemplified by the methyl ester in this series (beta = 1.0) can then be considered a limiting case of the concerted mechanism. General acid catalysis of the neutral species reaction or a kinetic equivalent also occurs when the leaving group is good (pK(a) </= 12.4). That the mechanism and/or rate-determining step of the intramolecular aminolysis reactions is different than in bimolecular reactions or the intramolecular reactions of other esters is attributed to the excellent steric fit of the nucleophile to the reaction center of the 2-aminomethylbenzoate esters.
|
['Buffers', 'Catalysis', 'Esters', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Kinetics', 'Phthalimides']
| 10,864,739
|
[['D27.720.470.280'], ['G02.130'], ['D02.241.400'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.241.223.805.810', 'D02.478.600', 'D03.633.100.513.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Autoantibodies against protective molecules--C1q, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid P, mannose-binding lectin, and apolipoprotein A1: prevalence in systemic lupus erythematosus.
|
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of several autoantibodies. Among the multiple factors involved in SLE development, apoptotic defects and impaired clearance of cellular debris have gained considerable interest, as they contribute to autoantigen overload. Several molecules of the innate immunity, also participate in the removal of damaged and apoptotic cells. Among them are C1q, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid P protein (SAP), mannose-binding lectin (MBL), and apolipoprotein A1 (APO A1). To evaluate the prevalence of autoantibodies against CRP, SAP, MBL, APO A1, and C1q among SLE patients, and their relationship with disease activity, a total of 150 SLE patients were screened for the presence of elevated antibody titers against C1q, CRP, SAP, MBL, and APO A1, utilizing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Disease activity was assessed using the ECLAM or SLEDAI scores. The study population comprised two groups of patients: 100 patients with quiescent disease (median ECLAM score 2) comprised the first group, and 50 patients with active disease (median SLEDAI score 16) comprised group 2. Elevated titers of anti-CRP antibodies were significantly elevated only in group 1 (10% versus 4% of controls). Antibodies against SAP were evaluated only among patients in group 1, and were found at a significant high prevalence (20%). Elevated titers of anti-MBL antibodies were significantly elevated only in group 1 (15% versus 3.6%); and antibodies directed against APO A1 were significantly elevated in 21% of group 1, and 50% of group 2 patients. Elevated titers of anti-C1q were evaluated only in group 2, and were found at a significant prevalence of 66%. Significant correlation with disease activity was found only for anti-APO A1 antibodies, and only in group 1. Several patients harbored more than one of the autoantibodies tested. In patients with SLE, autoantibodies directed against protective molecules, that is, acute-phase proteins involved in the disposal of cellular and nuclear debris, can be detected. These autoantibodies may play a pathogenic role in the development or perpetuation of autoimmunity in SLE.
|
['Apolipoprotein A-I', 'Apoptosis', 'Autoantibodies', 'Autoantigens', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Complement C1q', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Mannose-Binding Lectins', 'Serum Amyloid P-Component']
| 17,899,624
|
[['D10.532.091.200.100', 'D12.776.070.400.200.100', 'D12.776.521.120.200.100'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D23.050.422'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.050.270'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['D12.776.503.311'], ['D12.776.049.407.875', 'D12.776.124.050.730', 'D12.776.395.690']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transcription of a silkworm tRNA(cAla) gene is directed by two AT-rich upstream sequence elements.
|
A region within 35 nucleotides upstream of the transcription initiation site of a variety of silkworm Class III templates is absolutely required for transcription in vitro. To determine whether the activity of this region can be attributed to a particular sequence element, we systematically replaced 4-5 bp segments of the region upstream of a silkworm tRNA(cAla) gene. We show that replacement of either of two AT-rich blocks markedly impairs promoter function, whereas replacement of other sequences has little or no effect. Additional mutants were constructed to test whether base composition or sequence is important for function of the AT blocks. We find that some sequences are more effective than others, but that various AT-rich sequences can direct transcription at a high level. Possible mechanisms by which such elements could act are discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Base Composition', 'Base Sequence', 'Bombyx', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Transfer, Ala', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 8,290,347
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.080'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.100'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.444.735.757.700.050'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Support for a linear length-tension relation of the torso extensor muscles: an investigation of the length and velocity EMG-force relationships.
|
This study investigated the hypothesis that the length-tension relation of the torso erectors would be linear, mirroring the observed linear increase in extension strength capability toward full flexion. The effect of torso extension velocity on the tension capability of these muscles was also investigated for common motion speeds. A myoelectric-based approach was used wherein a dynamic biomechanical model incorporating active and passive tissue characteristics provided muscle kinematic estimates during controlled sagittal plane extension motions. A double linear optimization formulation from the literature provided muscle tension estimates. The data of five male subjects supported the hypothesis of a linear length-tension relation toward full flexion for both the erector spinae and latissimus muscles. Velocity trends agreed with the predicted by Hill's exponential relation, although linear trends were found to fit the data almost as well. The results have implications for muscle tension estimation in biomechanical torso modeling, and suggest a possible low back pain injury mechanism through tissue strain while lifting in fully flexed postures.
|
['Abdominal Muscles', 'Adult', 'Back', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Electromyography', 'Humans', 'Least-Squares Analysis', 'Lifting', 'Low Back Pain', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Movement', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Posture', 'Rectus Abdominis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Thoracic Vertebrae']
| 8,945,658
|
[['A02.633.567.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A01.923.176'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['G01.374.669'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G11.427.695'], ['A02.633.567.050.800'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G01.374.835'], ['A02.835.232.834.892']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The emotionally competent leader.
|
Aristotle once challenged man "to be angry with the right person, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right purpose, and in the right way" (The Nicomachean Ethics). Daniel Goleman, Ph.D., a journalist for the New York Times, expands on this statement in his new book, "Emotional Intelligence." He defines emotional intelligence as the ability to rein in emotional impulses, to read another's innermost feelings and to handle relationships and conflict smoothly. This new model of intelligence puts emotions at the center of our aptitudes for living. Goleman asserts that these emotional aptitudes can preserve relationships, protect our health and improve our success at work. The following adaptation from "Emotional Intelligence" (Bantam Books, 1995) offers suggestions to managers and supervisors on how they can create a more cost-effective and healthier workplace for their employees by becoming more aware of their own emotional. intelligence.
|
['Administrative Personnel', 'Emotions', 'Empathy', 'Humans', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Leadership', 'Organizational Culture', 'Personnel Management', 'United States', 'Workplace']
| 10,177,113
|
[['M01.526.070'], ['F01.470'], ['F01.752.355', 'F01.752.543.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['F01.752.609'], ['N04.452.606'], ['N04.452.677'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Clinical methods in ambulatory major surgery].
|
A clinical method is an assistance plan which may be applied to patients suffering from certain determined pathologies and who have a predictable clinical care plan. Its implementation as a working method, in harmony with new trends in our profession on a world-wide scale, was initiated in the John XXIII University Hospital in Tarragona due to the interest shown by the nursing department directors and by some professionals interested in working with this new tool. Surgical operations carried out following the ambulatory major surgery system comprise a high percentage of those surgical procedures which do not require hospitalization; these procedures have a predictable clinical evolutionary process and a low variability.
|
['Ambulatory Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Nursing', 'Postoperative Care']
| 16,875,364
|
[['E04.030'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.478', 'N04.452.758.377'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Diagnostic imaging of injuries caused by venomous and traumatogenic catfish.
|
Injuries caused by fish are common in marine and freshwater environments. Catfish of the Ariidae and Pimelodidae families cause about 80% of those injuries. One of the complications of injuries caused by fish is the retention of fragments of the stinger in the wounds. Here we report five cases (of a total of 127 injuries caused by catfish in the Brazilian coast) in which the retained fragments were detected by radiological examination. Retained fragments should be considered in patients stung by catfish. A simple X-ray is sufficient to detect fragments of stingers in the wounds.
|
['Animals', 'Bites and Stings', 'Brazil', 'Catfishes', 'Fish Venoms', 'Humans']
| 27,598,647
|
[['B01.050'], ['C25.723.127', 'C26.176'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.080'], ['D20.888.370', 'D23.946.580.370', 'D23.946.833.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Delayed initiation but not gradual advancement of enteral formula feeding reduces the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm pigs.
|
Enteral formula feeding is a risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants, yet studies are conflicting regarding the safest timing for introduction and advancement of feeds. Our aim was to test the effects of early vs. late initiation and abrupt vs. gradual advancement of enteral feeding of an intact vs. hydrolyzed protein formula on NEC incidence and severity in preterm pigs. In Experiment 1, preterm pigs received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) at birth with abrupt initiation of enteral formula feeds (50% full intake) on d of life (DOL) 2 (EA) or 5 (LA) while PN continued. Pigs were also fed formula containing either intact or hydrolyzed protein. In Experiment 2, preterm pigs received TPN at birth with enteral, hydrolyzed-protein formula feeds introduced on DOL 2 either abruptly (EA; 50% full feeds) or gradually (EG; 10-50% full feeds over 5 d) while PN continued. NEC incidence and severity were assessed based on macroscopic and histological scoring. In Experiment 1, NEC incidence (41% vs. 70%, P<0.05) and severity were reduced in LA vs. EA groups and LA was associated with a higher survival rate, daily weight gain and jejunum villus height. Piglets fed hydrolyzed vs. intact protein formula had lower stomach content weights and similar NEC incidence. In Experiment 2, NEC incidence and severity were not different between pigs the EG vs. EA group. Proinflammatory gene expression (IL-1â, IL-6 and S100A9) in the ileum was lower in both LA and EG vs. EA groups. In conclusion, delayed initiation but not gradual advancement of enteral feeding is protective against NEC in preterm pigs. Feeding hydrolyzed vs. intact protein formula improved gastric transit without affecting the NEC incidence.
|
['Animals', 'Enteral Nutrition', 'Enterocolitis, Necrotizing', 'Gene Expression', 'Ileum', 'Incidence', 'Intestines', 'Parenteral Nutrition, Total', 'Premature Birth', 'Swine']
| 25,238,061
|
[['B01.050'], ['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['C06.405.205.596.700', 'C06.405.469.363.700'], ['G05.297'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['A03.556.124'], ['E02.421.505.575', 'E02.642.500.505.750'], ['C13.703.420.491.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of measured and estimated angles of table tilt at Caesarean section.
|
BACKGROUND: Lateral maternal tilt reduces aortocaval compression and the consequent cardiovascular instability.METHODS: We measured the angle of table tilt used by 16 anaesthetists during uncomplicated, elective Caesarean section. After initiating anaesthesia, they were asked to position the patient and estimate the angle of tilt, which was then measured.RESULTS: Almost every anaesthetist positioned the patient less than 15 degrees because they overestimated the angle of tilt. When questioned on their knowledge of the current advice for lateral tilt, 11 of the 16 anaesthetists were aware of the 15 degrees recommendation.CONCLUSION: Estimation of the angle of table tilt is unreliable.
|
['Anesthesia, Obstetrical', 'Cesarean Section', 'Clinical Competence', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intraoperative Care', 'Pregnancy', 'Surgical Equipment']
| 12,488,385
|
[['E03.155.364'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.731.400', 'E04.604.249', 'N02.421.585.722.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E07.858']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical profile of 93 cases of 46, XY disorders of sexual development in a referral center.
|
The term DSD refers to disorders that affect the normal process of sexual development causing disagreement between chromosomal, gonadal and phenotypic sex, and this study aimed to describe the clinical profile of a group with DSD 46, XY joined on DSD Clinic of Hospital of Salvador, Bahia Clinics. It was a retrospective study of medical records of survey data of 93 patients with DSD 46, XY. Among the patients studied 50.5% had no defined etiology and 20.4% had androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS), 63.4% had been initially recorded in males, 31 (33.3%) in females, being that in two it was necessary to reassignment. All patients with complete AIS pure gonadal dysgenesis and had female genitalia. Others have been diagnosed with genital ambiguity or severe hypospadias and cryptorchidism. The gonads were palpable at the first consultation in 75.3% of patients. It is important to establish an active surveillance program for these patients. The first assessment took place before the age of ten in more than 50% of cases, which shows that much needs to be done for medical education and community about the DSD. Because the phenotypic variability of sexual development disorders was noted that the clinical profile of patients studied ranged between different etiologies, including hindering the diagnostic conclusion of these individuals.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Brazil', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Medical Records', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sex Distribution', 'Sex Factors', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Young Adult']
| 26,689,524
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C12.706.316.096', 'C13.351.875.253.096', 'C16.131.939.316.096', 'C19.391.119.096'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Psychiatric treatment and record organized by objectives.
|
The Weed system is an orderly identification of patient problems, interventions guided by these problems, an systematic documentation of more or less effective solutions. We outline our attempts to modify this system in a manner to retain these essentials while increasing acceptance by staff in a psychiatric unit of a general hospital. Our system, termed treatment organized by objectives (TOBO), and the companion record organized by objective (ROBO), may serve as practical modifications of the problem-oriented system and record.
|
['Humans', 'Medical Records', 'Medical Records, Problem-Oriented', 'Mental Disorders', 'Psychological Tests']
| 6,969,257
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.550', 'N04.452.859.564.600', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.520', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.550'], ['F03'], ['F04.711']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Repeated cobalt and chromium ion measurements in patients with bilateral large-diameter head metal-on-metal ReCap-M2A-Magnum total hip replacement.
|
Background and purpose - Whole-blood (WB) chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) measurements are vital in the follow-up of metal-on-metal total hip replacement (MoM THR) patients. We examined whether there is a substantial change in repeated WB, Co, and Cr levels in patients with bilateral ReCap-M2A-Magnum THR. We also specified the number of patients exceeding the safe upper limit (SUL) of WB Co and Cr in the repeated measurement.Patients and methods - We identified 141 patients with bilateral ReCap-M2A-Magnum THR operated in our institution. 61 patients had repeated WB metal ion measurements with bilateral MoM implants still in situ in the second measurement. The mean time elapsing from the first measurement (initial measurement) to the second (control measurement) was 1.9 years (SD = 0.6, range 0.2-3.5). We used earlier established SUL levels for bilateral implants by Van Der Straeten et al. (2013).Results - The median (range) Co and Cr values decreased in the repeated measurement from 2.7 (0.6-25) to 2.1 (0.5-21) and 2.6 (0.8-14) to 2.1 (0.5-18) respectively. In 13% of the patients Co levels exceeded the SUL in the initial measurement and the proportion remained constant, at 13%, in the repeated measurement. In 5% of the patients, Cr levels were above SUL in the initial measurement and an equal 5% in the control measurement.Interpretation - Repeated WB metal ion levels did not increase in patients with bilateral ReCap-M2A-Magnum THR with a mean 1.9-year measurement interval. Long-term development of WB metal ion levels is still unclear in these patients.
|
['Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Chromium', 'Cobalt', 'Female', 'Hip Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metal-on-Metal Joint Prostheses', 'Middle Aged', 'Time Factors']
| 32,285,731
|
[['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['D01.268.556.175', 'D01.268.956.124', 'D01.552.544.175'], ['D01.268.556.185', 'D01.268.956.155', 'D01.552.544.185'], ['E07.695.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.400.705'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Ethical and legal issues in end-of-life care.
|
The doctor has a responsibility to develop and maintain an effective approach to ethical decision making and the skills to implement the correct moral action. At the heart of this process is the experience and knowledge of particular conditions and their outcomes, alongside excellence in communication skills and working with colleagues.
|
['Decision Making', 'Dehydration', 'Ethics, Medical', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Nutritional Support', 'Palliative Care', 'Personal Autonomy', 'Terminal Care']
| 20,726,464
|
[['F02.463.785.373'], ['C18.452.950.179', 'C23.550.274'], ['K01.752.566.479.171.132.750', 'N05.350.340.162.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.350', 'D27.505.954.427.210.350'], ['E02.642.500'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['F02.600', 'I01.880.604.473.380.500', 'K01.752.566.479.830.650', 'N03.706.437.380.500', 'N05.350.958.650'], ['E02.760.905', 'N02.421.585.905']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Precapillary pulmonary hypertension: effect of Captopril].
|
The immediate and sustained haemodynamic effects of Captopril (CPT), an oral inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme, were studied in six patients (pts) with severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) (pulmonary artery pressure: mean +/- SD value = 57 +/- 20 mmHg). Two pts had primary PH, 2 embolic PH and 2 Eisenmenger Physiology (EP). Administration of 100 mg of CPT in a single oral dose produced a significant decrease only in systemic arterial pressure (SAP) (p less than 0.025) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) (p less than 0.05) in 5 of 6 pts. Heart rate (HR), cardiac index (CI), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), pulmonary arterial (PAP), pulmonary wedge (PWP) and right atrial pressure (RAP) did not change significantly. These results were confirmed in a repeat haemodynamic study after 4 months of long-term treatment with 50 or 100 mg of CPT 3 times daily. In 1 pt with EP and severe congestive heart failure (CHF) the same chronic treatment produced a marked decrease in HR (from 114 to 88 b/min), RAP (from 10 to 1 mmHg), PWP (from 15 to 6 mmHg), PVR (from 41 to 30 UR), SVR (from 58 to 43 UR). Systemic CI increased from 1.68 to 2.60 l/min/m2 and pulmonary CI from 1.64 to 2.5 l/min/m2; no changes were seen in PAP and SAP. These data suggest that CPT is not effective on pulmonary haemodynamics in pts with precapillary PH and normal CI whereas the drug seems to influence favourably the pulmonary circulation in pts with PH secondary to or associated with left ventricular failure. The necessity of evaluating not only PVR but PAP as well, in studying the effect of vasodilators especially in pts with precapillary PH and normal CI, is discussed. In fact a reduction of PAR without decrease of PAP, as frequently seen in previous reports, is probably due to a primary increase of CI induced by the drug.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Captopril', 'Cardiac Output', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proline', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 6,761,221
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.125.072.401.623.270'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of isoprenoid involved in the post-translational modification of mammalian cell proteins.
|
Mammalian cell proteins, modified post-translationally by derivatives of [3H]mevalonic acid, were subjected to methylation and sulfonium salt cleavage reactions previously used to release isoprenoids from cysteine residues in yeast peptides. The labeled isoprenoid extracted into chloroform comigrated with farnesol through a series of chromatography steps including Sep-Pak C-18 fractionation, size exclusion on Bio-Beads, and reverse-phase chromatography. Further resolution of the material by normal phase liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography demonstrated the presence of farnesol, nerolidol, and other unidentified hydrophobic derivatives. Similar products were generated when S-farnesyl cysteine was subjected to the methylation and cleavage procedures. These preliminary findings suggest that farnesylation of cysteine residues accounts for the well documented incorporation of mevalonic acid into mammalian cell proteins.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Farnesol', 'Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute', 'Mevalonic Acid', 'Mice', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational']
| 2,808,372
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D02.033.415.400', 'D02.455.849.765.424', 'D10.289.400'], ['C04.557.337.539.275.325', 'C15.378.190.636.276'], ['D02.241.511.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.624'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative analysis of static sitting posture in chronic stroke.
|
Unsupported sitting requires postural stability of the trunk which is also necessary for almost all activities in daily living, yet there is a lack of research dealing with the persistence of trunk impairment post-stroke using quantitative methodologies. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate unsupported sitting in individuals with chronic stroke by analyzing center of pressure (COP) signals from a force platform. Ten healthy control subjects and ten chronic stroke subjects sat on a chair without a footrest that was placed on top of a force platform. Trials consisted of eyes closed, staring at a target, and COP feedback. COP signals were analyzed using spatial and temporal techniques. Compared to controls, stroke group had larger sway area and larger displacements in all conditions (p<0.05) and less sample entropy (p<0.05) in eyes closed and target conditions. In feedback conditions, both groups had decreased sway area and maximum displacements along with stroke group having increased sample entropy (p<0.05). Our data suggest that trunk control, necessary for unsupported sitting, is impaired well into the chronic stage of stroke onset. Further investigations of sitting should be conducted for better understanding balance deficits under conditions localized to the trunk musculature.
|
['Abdomen', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Feedback', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Posture', 'Proprioception', 'Stroke', 'Thorax']
| 20,399,661
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.695'], ['F02.830.816.541', 'G07.888.750', 'G11.561.790.541'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['A01.923.761']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A risk score to predict ischemic lesions after protected carotid artery stenting.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: While carotid artery stenting can be performed safely in many patients, some have a higher risk for periprocedural complications. The detection of embolic lesions after CAS with DWI could become a useful means to identify these patients. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for new DWI lesions after CAS.METHODS: One hundred seventy-six patients who had undergone protected CAS with pre- and postprocedural DWI between November 2000 and December 2006 were included in this retrospective investigation. The association of potential angiographic and clinical risk factors with the incidence of any new ipsilateral DWI lesion after CAS was analyzed with logistic regression analysis. Subsequently, a simple risk score was developed using area under the curve (ROC) statistics.RESULTS: The proportion of patients with any new ipsilateral DWI lesion was 51%. Advanced age (odds ratio (OR) 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.11, p=0.008), the presence of an ulcerated stenosis (OR 2.28: 95% CI 1.10-4.75; p=0.027) or a lesion length>1 cm (OR 2.65; 95% CI 1.33-5.28, p=0.006) were independent risk factors for new ipsilateral DWI lesions. A 4 point score ranging from 0 to 4 (age> or =70 years=1 point, age> or =80 years=2 points, lesion length>1 cm=1 point, and presence of an ulcerated stenosis=1 point) reliably predicted the incidence of this outcome parameter (ROC=0.70, p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: A simple risk score can be used to identify patients at a high risk for new DWI lesions as a possible surrogate of embolic complications after CAS.
|
['Aged', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'ROC Curve', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Stents']
| 18,692,206
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.150'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E07.695.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Loss of desmin triggers mechanosensitivity and up-regulation of Ankrd1 expression through Akt-NF-êB signaling pathway in smooth muscle cells.
|
Muscle cells, including human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) express ankyrin repeat protein 1 (Ankrd1), a member of ankyrin repeat protein family. Ankrd1 efficiently interacts with the type III intermediate filament desmin. Our earlier study showed that desmin is an intracellular load-bearing protein that influences airway compliance, lung recoil, and airway contractile responsiveness. These results suggest that Ankrd1 and desmin may play important roles on ASMC homeostasis. Here we show that small interfering (si)RNA-mediated knockdown of the desmin gene in HASMCs, recombinant HASMCs (reHASMCs), up-regulates Ankrd1 expression. Moreover, loss of desmin in HASMCs increases the phosphorylation of Akt, inhibitor of êB kinase (IKK)-á, and inhibitor of êB (IêB)-á proteins, leading to NF-êB activation. Treatment of reHASMCs with Akt, IKKá, IêBá, or NF-êB inhibitor inhibits the loss of desmin-induced Ankrd1 up-regulation, suggesting Akt/NF-êB-mediated Ankrd1 regulation. Transfection of reHASMCs with siRNA specific for p50 or p65 corroborates the NF-êB-mediated Ankrd1 regulation. Luciferase reporter assays show that NF-êB directly binds on Ankrd1 promoter and up-regulates Ankrd1 levels. Overall, our data provide a new link between desmin and Ankrd1 regulation, which may be important for ASMC homeostasis.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA Primers', 'Desmin', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Humans', 'I-kappa B Kinase', 'I-kappa B Proteins', 'Mechanotransduction, Cellular', 'Models, Biological', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Myocytes, Smooth Muscle', 'NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Respiratory System', 'Signal Transduction', 'Up-Regulation']
| 22,085,644
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D05.750.078.593.200', 'D12.776.220.475.200'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.494', 'D12.644.360.361', 'D12.776.476.378'], ['D12.644.360.365', 'D12.776.260.420', 'D12.776.476.381', 'D12.776.930.326'], ['G01.154.090.500', 'G02.111.820.580', 'G04.835.580'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['A11.620.520'], ['D12.644.360.365.500', 'D12.776.260.420.500', 'D12.776.476.381.500', 'D12.776.930.326.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['A04'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rheumatic fever prophylaxis: Gisborne experience.
|
There were 300 admissions to the Cook Hospital with rheumatic fever in 1958-83. During 1958-73 oral penicillin was used for secondary prophylaxis and 77 (35%) of 223 admissions were recurrences. From 1974-83 when parenteral benzathine penicillin was increasingly used there were 77 admissions of which 14 (18%) were readmissions. An effective programme of secondary prophylaxis using benzathine penicillin and co-ordination of hospital and community health services is outlined. One hundred and eight patients with a first attack of rheumatic fever were seen in 1968-82. The chance of a recurrence in patients in whom oral prophylaxis was instituted was 15% two years after the initial attack and 35% after six years. Institution of parenteral prophylaxis significantly reduced the risk of recurrence (p = 0.0009) which was 2% six years after the first attack.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Child', 'Drug Combinations', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'New Zealand', 'Penicillin G', 'Penicillin G Benzathine', 'Penicillin G Procaine', 'Recurrence', 'Rheumatic Fever']
| 6,592,479
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D26.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.750', 'D02.886.108.750.750', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.750.685', 'D02.886.108.750.750.685', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.685'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.750.695', 'D02.241.223.100.050.500.906.666', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.937.906.666', 'D02.886.108.750.750.695', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.695'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.731', 'C05.550.114.843', 'C05.799.825']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Suprasellar mass mimicking a hypothalamic glioma in a patient with a complete PROP1 deletion.
|
Mutations in PROP1 are the most frequent defect detected in patients with combined pituitary hormone deficiency (MIM #262600), characterized by a clinical phenotype of proportionate growth deficit due to impaired production of growth hormone in combination with deficiency of one or more of the additional anterior pituitary hormones. Approximately one third of patients with PROP1 inactivating mutations present with abnormal development of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland as revealed by MRI. We report on the clinical and molecular characterization of the fourth complete PROP1 deletion in a girl with proportional short stature, combined pituitary hormone deficiency and a suprasellar mass mimicking a hypothalamic glioma. The proband, born to consanguineous parents, presented with proportional growth failure (height 108.8 cm, -3.48 SDS), combined pituitary hormone deficiency (GH, TSH, PRL and gonadotropins) and a suprasellar mass with optic chiasm invasion, compatible with a diagnosis of chiasmatic hypothalamic glioma, as revealed by MRI. PROP1 mutation screening by PCR and MLPA detected a homozygous deletion of the entire PROP1. The deletion was delimited to at least 7.7 kb upstream of PROP1 and more finely to ?541-74 bp downstream from PROP1 by aCGH and PCR mapping. We describe the fourth case with a complete PROP1 deletion in homozygosis. The apparent location of the respective 5' (within a highly repetitive region, rich in Alu sequences) and 3' (within an Alu sequence) breakpoints, suggests that the deletion may have arisen through homologous recombination. The differentiation between PROP1 mutation associated pituitary enlargements from craniopharyngioma, pituitary adenoma, dys-germinoma, or Rathke's pouch cyst, is critical for the correct patient management. It is important to recognize that PROP1 mutations can present associated with evolving pituitary masses and/or other MRI alterations of the pituitary during early childhood and that surgery is not indicated in these patients. Therefore, in the presence of combined pituitary hormone deficiency and a pituitary or hypothalamic mass, PROP1 analysis should be considered before referring the patient to a neurosurgeon.
|
['Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5', 'Comparative Genomic Hybridization', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Gene Order', 'Glioma', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Hypothalamic Neoplasms', 'Infant', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Pedigree', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Radiography', 'Sequence Deletion']
| 23,831,233
|
[['A11.284.187.520.300.280.290', 'G05.360.162.520.300.280.290'], ['E05.393.285.240', 'E05.393.520.500', 'E05.393.661.187'], ['E01.171'], ['G05.340'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.614.250.195.885.500', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500', 'C10.228.140.617.477', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.393.673'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Variation between Ethiopian and North American barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare) in response to Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) populations.
|
The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), causes severe damage to barley, Hordeum vulgare L. (Poales: Poaceae), in the highlands of Ethiopia. Little information is available on the control of this pest in Ethiopia. An experiment aimed at evaluating the resistance of barley varieties from the USA to D. noxia populations and determining biotypic variation between Ethiopian and North American D. noxia populations was conducted. The D. noxia-resistant barley varieties Burton and RWA-1758 from the USA, the resistant barley line 3296-15 from Ethiopia, and a local Ethiopian susceptible variety were included in a randomized design in a greenhouse under natural light conditions. There were highly significant differences (P < 0.001) in the mean D. noxia population, leaf chlorosis, leaf rolling, plant stunting, number of tillers per plant, and the percentage of infested tillers per plant between the resistant and susceptible varieties. The aphid population per tiller was lower on the resistant barley plants than on the susceptible plants. Severe plant damage was observed on the local barley variety, while the least damage was observed on Burton, followed by RWA-1758. Burton and RWA-1758 were therefore highly resistant and moderately resistant, respectively, to the northern Ethiopian D. noxia populations, indicating similarities in biotypes between the United States and northern Ethiopian D. noxia populations. The damage to variety 3296-15 was greater than to Burton and RWA-1758. Leaf chlorosis scores and leaf rolling scores for variety 3296-15 upon treatment with the north Ethiopian D. noxia population indicate likely biotypic variation between D. noxia populations of northern and central Ethiopia.
|
['Animals', 'Aphids', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Food Chain', 'Hordeum', 'Plant Leaves', 'Random Allocation']
| 25,373,187
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412.165'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['A18.024.812'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A multivariate analysis of objective voice changes after thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of thyroidectomy and the possible effects of factors such as patient sex, operation type, and surgeon experience on objective voice parameters of patients undergoing thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury.DESIGN: Prospective study.SETTING: University hospital.PATIENTS: Thirty-six patients undergoing primary thyroidectomy because of thyroid disease.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effect of thyroidectomy on voice was examined by recording the voices of the patients before and 1 week after thyroidectomy. The Multi-Dimensional Voice Program was used for capturing and analyzing the voice samples.RESULTS: On postoperative examination of objective voice changes, thyroidectomy had no multivariate effect on the combination of voice parameters. Patient sex, type of surgery, and surgeon experience had no effect on the combination of voice parameters before and after thyroidectomy. Regardless of within-patient factors (type of surgery, patient sex, and surgeon experience), 4 acoustic parameters (highest fundamental frequency, standard deviation of average fundamental frequency, phonatory average fundamental frequency range in semitones, and degree of subharmonics) significantly decreased after thyroidectomy (P < .05). Although they tended to be worse, none of the acoustic parameters showed significant changes in male patients. However, significant changes in some of the acoustic parameters of female patients were observed. Highest fundamental frequency, standard deviation of average fundamental frequency, phonatory average fundamental frequency range in semitones, absolute jitter, relative average perturbation, pitch perturbation quotient, shimmer in decibels, percentage of shimmer, amplitude perturbation quotient, noise to harmonic ratio, and degree of subharmonics values were all lower in female patients after thyroidectomy (P < .05).CONCLUSIONS: Voice changes may occur after thyroidectomy without any evident laryngeal injury, and deterioration and amelioration of acoustic parameters can be observed to occur differently among male and female patients. Preoperative and postoperative objective voice analyses may be helpful in documenting voice changes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Nerve Injuries', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Speech Production Measurement', 'Thyroidectomy', 'Voice Disorders', 'Voice Quality']
| 18,559,725
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.360.424', 'C09.400.424', 'C10.292.200.937.750', 'C10.900.300.218.887.750', 'C26.915.300.400.912.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.760'], ['E04.270.856'], ['C08.360.940', 'C09.400.940', 'C10.597.975', 'C23.888.592.979'], ['G09.772.925.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Higher vessel densities in retinoblastoma with local invasive growth and metastasis.
|
In this study, the importance of angiogenesis (the growth of new blood vessels from existing ones) for the growth of retinoblastoma was investigated by a retrospective immunohistochemical analysis. An individual vessel index for each tumor was determined using the endothelial-specific antibody CD 31 for vessel staining. The obtained data were correlated with clinical features, pathohistological characteristics, and the presence of metastasis. In 107 retinoblastomas collected between 1980 and 1990, we found no difference in the vessel densities between uni- and bilateral retinoblastomas (P = 0.41). However, tumors that had invaded the chorioid and/or the optic nerve statistically showed higher vessel densities than tumors without local invasive growth (P = 0.05 and P = 0.024). A tendency of higher vessel densities in retinoblastomas presenting with metastasis at the time of diagnosis was observed (P = 0.11). Based on this observation, we proceeded to examine all retinoblastomas presenting with metastasis at the time of diagnosis. These included patients that were treated between 1968 and 1993. The 18 investigated retinoblastomas had significantly higher vessel densities than all other retinoblastomas presenting without metastasis (P = 0.025). Our data indicate that in retinoblastoma, blood vessels are essential for local and systemic invasive growth. Therefore, an anti-angiogenic therapy could be considered in the multimodal therapy concept for retinoblastomas with invasive growth, both locally and systemically.
|
['Endothelium, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Infant', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Retinal Neoplasms', 'Retinoblastoma', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 14,742,245
|
[['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.131', 'D12.776.543.550.200.131', 'D23.050.301.264.900.131', 'D23.050.301.350.131', 'D23.101.100.900.131'], ['C04.588.364.818', 'C11.319.475', 'C11.768.717'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.725', 'C04.557.470.670.725', 'C04.557.580.625.600.725', 'C04.588.364.818.760', 'C11.270.862', 'C11.319.475.760', 'C11.768.717.760'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Assessment of potential application of binary mixtures of 2,4-d with novel aminophosphonates.
|
A series of new aminoalkane- and aminofluorenephosphonates was synthesized for agrochemical application. The particular compounds had different alkyl substituents at the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus atoms. Their pesticidal activity was checked by applying various experimental methods. These included the measurements of compounds' potency: to inhibit growth of cucumber and germination of white mustard seeds, to influence on the membrane potential of algae and to damage human erythrocyte membranes resulting in hemolysis. All the aminophosphonates were also used in equimolar binary mixtures with the well-known herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), to check, if using such mixtures, the biological efficiencies found for particular compounds could be enhanced due to interactions between aminophosphonates and 2,4-D. The results demonstrated, that depending on the structural features of the compounds, the final effects differed from antagonistic, through additive to the most promising synergistic ones. However, the type of interaction between 2,4-D and the compounds studied found in different experiments was somewhat different. In order to estimate those effects various statistical methods were used (toxic unit method, isobole method).
|
['2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid', 'Cucumis sativus', 'Drug Combinations', 'Fluorenes', 'Hemolysis', 'Herbicides', 'Humans', 'Organophosphonates', 'Pesticides', 'Propylamines']
| 16,042,343
|
[['D02.241.081.018.386.682.224', 'D02.241.511.316.682.149'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.300.188.666'], ['D26.310'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.389', 'D04.615.389'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.705.429'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['D02.092.831']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Psychiatric inpatient care at a county hospital before and after the inception of a university-affiliated psychiatry residency program.
|
OBJECTIVE: The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), along with Kern Medical Center (KMC) and Kern County Mental Health (KCMH), established a new psychiatry residency program in 2004. In this study, we compared psychiatric care at a county psychiatric facility serving a population of 760,000 inhabitants before and after the initiation of this psychiatry residency program.METHODS: Medical charts for all patients admitted to the psychiatric inpatient service during the year before the inception of the psychiatry residency program (2003-2004) and during the first year in which there was full implementation of residents after inception of the psychiatry residency program (2005-2006) were reviewed. Baseline characteristics, demographics, and various outcomes of the two groups were compared.RESULTS: After the residency program was established, the mean length of stay increased from 8.8 to 9.8 days (p < 0.05), the 30-day readmission rate increased from 3.5% (32/915) to 5.6% (48/853) (p < 0.05), more intramuscular emergency medications were given (p < 0.01), and more radiological assessments were obtained (p < 0.01). However, there was less delay in discharge (p < 0.01) and fewer days without medical necessity (p < 0.01). The patient satisfaction rate dropped from 77% (547/711) to 70% (476/680) (p < 0.01) after initiation of the residency program.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest a statistically significant difference in multiple characteristics of treatment after initiation of a psychiatry residency program in the psychiatric inpatient setting. More research is needed to identify strategies, such as guidelines to eliminate over-utilization of resources and methods to improve residents' competency, that may successfully enhance the quality of care provided by residents to psychiatric inpatients.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'California', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Female', 'Health Services Misuse', 'Hospitalization', 'Hospitals, County', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Medical Indigency', 'Mental Disorders', 'Organizational Affiliation', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Psychiatry', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Schools, Medical']
| 17,890,985
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['N02.421.380', 'N05.300.150.395'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['N02.278.421.510.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['N01.824.460', 'N03.219.780'], ['F03'], ['N04.452.602'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['F04.096.544', 'H02.403.690'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Qinanmer, a new compound from Chinese agarwood 'Qi-Nan' originating from Aquilaria sinensis.
|
Qinanmer (1), a new compound comprising 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone and sesquiterpene moieties, together with two known 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone derivatives (2-3), was isolated from the high-quality Chinese agarwood "Qi-Nan" originating from Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Glig. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR), MS analyses, ECD spectra analyses, and quantum 13C NMR calculations.
|
['Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'Chromones', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Flavonoids', 'Molecular Structure', 'Sesquiterpenes', 'Thymelaeaceae', 'Wood']
| 28,043,172
|
[['D27.505.519.389.275', 'D27.505.519.625.120.300', 'D27.505.696.577.120.300'], ['D03.383.663.283.266', 'D03.633.100.150.266'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D02.455.849.765'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.932'], ['A18.450.500.500', 'J01.637.241.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cyclometalated iridium(III)-â-carboline complexes as potent autophagy-inducing agents.
|
Two cyclometalated Ir(III)-â-carboline complexes were identified as potent inducers of autophagic cell death. Autophagy induced by these complexes is ROS-mediated and caspase-independent.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Autophagy', 'Carbolines', 'Cell Line', 'Humans', 'Iridium', 'Ligands', 'Organometallic Compounds']
| 24,728,495
|
[['D03.132'], ['G04.011'], ['D03.383.725.150', 'D03.633.100.473.155', 'D03.633.300.154'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.401', 'D01.268.956.280', 'D01.552.544.401'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D02.691']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multiplexing Visual Signals in the Suprachiasmatic Nuclei.
|
The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the site of the mammalian circadian (daily) pacemaker, contains thousands of interconnected neurons, some of which receive direct retinal input. Here, we study the fast (<1 s) responses of SCN neurons to visual stimuli with a large-scale mathematical model tracking the ionic currents and voltage of all SCN neurons. We reconstruct the SCN network connectivity and reject 99.99% of theoretically possible SCN networks by requiring that the model reproduces experimentally determined receptive fields of SCN neurons. The model shows how the SCN neuronal network can enhance circadian entrainment by sensitizing a population of neurons in the ventral SCN to irradiance. This SCN network also increases the spatial acuity of neurons and increases the accuracy of a simulated subconscious spatial visual task. We hypothesize that much of the fast electrical activity within the SCN is related to the processing of spatial information.
|
['Models, Theoretical', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Receptors, GABA-A', 'Suprachiasmatic Nucleus', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 29,117,548
|
[['E05.599'], ['E05.723.729'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.562', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.562', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.562', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.130.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.300.300'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.342.625', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.342.625'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neuroprotective properties of cultured neural progenitor cells are associated with the production of sonic hedgehog.
|
Numerous studies have shown that abnormal motor behavior improves when neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are transplanted into animal models of neurodegeneration. The mechanisms responsible for this improvement are not fully understood. Indirect anatomical evidence suggests that attention of abnormal motor behavior is attributed, at least in part, to the secretion of trophic factors from the transplanted NPCs. However, there is little direct evidence supporting this hypothesis. Here we show that NPCs isolated from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of neonatal mice are highly teratogenic when transplanted into the neural tube of developing chick embryos and are neuroprotective for fetal dopaminergic neurons in culture because they release sonic hedgehog (Shh). In addition, the neuroprotective properties of NPCs can be exploited to promote better long-term survival of transplanted fetal neurons in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. Thus, cultured NPCs isolated from the SVZ can secrete at least one potent mitogen (Shh) that dramatically affects the fate of neighboring cells. This trait may account for some of the improvement in motor behavior often reported in animal models of neurodegeneration after transplantation of cultured NPCs that were isolated from the SVZ.
|
['Animals', 'Antimetabolites', 'Blotting, Western', 'Bromodeoxyuridine', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Culture Media, Conditioned', 'Dopamine', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Female', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Movement Disorders', 'Neurons', 'Oxidopamine', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Stem Cells', 'Sympatholytics', 'Trans-Activators']
| 15,749,344
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.186', 'D27.888.569.042'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D03.383.742.680.852.300.150', 'D13.570.230.430.196', 'D13.570.685.852.300.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['D27.720.470.305.250', 'E07.206.250'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['C10.228.662'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D02.092.311.342.478.650', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342.478.650'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['E02.095.147.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687'], ['A11.872'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.850'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Study on the mechanism and intervention strategy of sunitinib induced nephrotoxicity.
|
Sunitinib is an oral small molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitor that exhibits potent antiangiogenic and antitumor activity. Unfortunately, sunitinib kidney toxicity limits its clinical use. Renal injury caused by sunitinib treatment can not only lead to the failure of cancer treatment, but also jeopardizes the health and life of patients. Currently, there is no better intervention measure for renal injury caused by sunitinib therapy except reducing the dosage or stopping the medication. In this study, we learned from clinical case report that sunitinib can cause severe renal injury. Subsequently, we compiled the clinical trials data of sunitinib found that sunitinib can cause general renal damage. Based on this finding, we conducted a study on the mechanism of sunitinib-induced renal injury. The results showed that sunitinib can inhibit the survival of HK-2 cells (human tubule epithelial cells) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The survival inhibition is mainly due to the activation apoptotic signaling pathway by sunitinib in HK-2 cells and induces apoptosis of HK-2 cells. Subsequently, we found that natural compound oxypeucedanin can significantly alleviate the apoptosis of HK-2 cells induced by sunitinib. Through clinical investigation and experimental study of sunitinib, we found that sunitinib can cause extensive renal damage by inducing apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and natural compound oxypeucedanin is a potentially effective intervention for nephrotoxicity of sunitinib. Thus, our research will provide a theoretical basis for the future rational use of sunitinib and the search for appropriate interventions for sunitinib-induced kidney damage.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Cell Line', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Furocoumarins', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sunitinib']
| 31,586,633
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.794', 'D03.633.100.150.446.794', 'D03.633.300.770'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.129.578.823', 'D03.633.100.473.877']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Autoantibodies to molecular targets in neutrophils in patients with ulcerative colitis.
|
Autoantibodies against neutrophil granulocytes are frequently observed in patients with ulcerative colitis, but a precise description of the autoantigens involved is lacking. Therefore, sera from 75 patients with ulcerative colitis were studied for antibody specificities by means of indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and immunoblotting of extracts of neutrophils, neutrophil granules and lymphocytes. Fifty-six percent of the sera reacted in indirect immunofluorescence with ethanol-fixed neutrophils. On formalin-fixed cells most sera shifted fluorescence pattern, indicating a cytoplasmic origin of antigen(s). Only a few sera reacted with specific, known antigens. Immunoblots showed reactions with a broad panel of antigens with preferences for proteins around 55-65 kDa, which were present in azurophilic granules and in cytosol, an 80-kDa protein found in the specific granules, and a 110-kDa unknown cytosol component. In conclusion, neutrophil-specific IgG autoantibodies from ulcerative colitis patients react with several different antigens, most of which are of nonnuclear origin.
|
['Autoantibodies', 'Autoantigens', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Cytoplasm', 'Cytosol', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epitopes', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Lymphocytes', 'Neutrophils']
| 10,063,932
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D23.050.422'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D23.050.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.310', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.310', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.478.583.375.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Allele-specific and asymmetric polymerase chain reaction amplification in combination: a one step polymerase chain reaction protocol for rapid diagnosis of familial defective apolipoprotein B-100.
|
We have combined the asymmetric polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with allele-specific PCR to detect a single point mutation. A set of two priming oligonucleotides and a third allele-specific primer were used to identify heterozygotes for a G to A mutation at nucleotide 10,708 in the apolipoprotein B (apo B) gene. The system requires neither restriction enzyme digestion nor allele-specific oligonucleotides as conventionally applied for allele-specific hybridization of slot blots. This method clearly allows for the detection of the mutant allele by inspection, after agarose gel electrophoresis of a single PCR reaction. DNA from 40 patients with familial defective apo B-100 due to the G to A mutation at nucleotide 10,708 in the apo B gene and their normal relatives was analyzed. Complete agreement with allele-specific hybridization of slot blots confirms supposition that the system is effective to screen a larger population.
|
['Alleles', 'Apolipoprotein B-100', 'Apolipoproteins B', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperlipoproteinemias', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Pedigree', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 1,514,690
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D10.532.091.300.249', 'D12.776.070.400.300.249', 'D12.776.521.120.300.249'], ['D10.532.091.300', 'D12.776.070.400.300', 'D12.776.521.120.300'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.644'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.393.620.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Combined volumetric and surface registration.
|
In this paper, we propose a novel method for the registration of volumetric images of the brain that optimizes the alignment of both cortical and subcortical structures. In order to achieve this, relevant geometrical information is extracted from a surface-based morph and diffused into the volume using the Navier operator of elasticity, resulting in a volumetric warp that aligns cortical folding patterns. This warp field is then refined with an intensity driven optical flow procedure that registers noncortical regions, while preserving the cortical alignment. The result is a combined surface and volume morph (CVS) that accurately registers both cortical and subcortical regions, establishing a single coordinate system suitable for the entire brain.
|
['Algorithms', 'Brain', 'Databases, Factual', 'Elastic Modulus', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Poisson Distribution']
| 19,273,000
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.750', 'G17.820.750', 'N05.715.360.750.750.620', 'N06.850.520.830.994.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Osmotic stress-induced gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires Msn1p and the novel nuclear factor Hot1p.
|
After a sudden shift to high osmolarity, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells respond by transiently inducing the expression of stress-protective genes. Msn2p and Msn4p have been described as two transcription factors that determine the extent of this response. In msn2 msn4 mutants, however, many promoters still show a distinct rise in transcriptional activity upon osmotic stress. Here we describe two structurally related nuclear factors, Msn1p and a newly identified protein, Hot1p (for high-osmolarity-induced transcription), which are also involved in osmotic stress-induced transcription. hot1 single mutants are specifically compromised in the transient induction of GPD1 and GPP2, which encode enzymes involved in glycerol biosynthesis, and exhibit delayed glycerol accumulation after stress exposure. Similar to a gpd1 mutation, a hot1 defect can rescue cells from inappropriately high HOG pathway activity. In contrast, Hot1p has little influence on the osmotic stress induction of CTT1, where Msn1p appears to play a more prominent role. Cells lacking Msn1p, Msn2p, Msn4p, and Hot1p are almost devoid of the short-term transcriptional response of the genes GPD1, GPP2, CTT1, and HSP12 to osmotic stress. Such cells also show a distinct reduction in the nuclear residence of the mitogen-activated protein kinase Hog1p upon osmotic stress. Thus, Hot1p and Msn1p may define an additional tier of transcriptional regulators that control responses to high-osmolarity stress.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Chaperonins', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Genetic Techniques', 'Glycerol', 'Immediate-Early Proteins', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 10,409,737
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.142', 'D12.776.580.216.210'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.308.330'], ['E05.393'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['D12.776.460', 'D12.776.964.925.968'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The role of Wg signaling in the patterning of embryonic leg primordium in Drosophila.
|
Cellular interaction between the proximal and distal domains of the limb plays key roles in proximal-distal patterning. In Drosophila, these domains are established in the embryonic leg imaginal disc as a proximal domain expressing escargot, surrounding the Distal-less expressing distal domain in a circular pattern. The leg imaginal disc is derived from the limb primordium that also gives rise to the wing imaginal disc. We describe here essential roles of Wingless in patterning the leg imaginal disc. Firstly, Wingless signaling is essential for the recruitment of dorsal-proximal, distal, and ventral-proximal leg cells. Wingless requirement in the proximal leg domain appears to be unique to the embryo, since it was previously shown that Wingless signal transduction is not active in the proximal leg domain in larvae. Secondly, downregulation of Wingless signaling in wing disc is essential for its development, suggesting that Wg activity must be downregulated to separate wing and leg discs. In addition, we provide evidence that Dll restricts expression of a proximal leg-specific gene expression. We propose that those embryo-specific functions of Wingless signaling reflect its multiple roles in restricting competence of ectodermal cells to adopt the fate of thoracic appendages.
|
['Animals', 'Body Patterning', 'Drosophila', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Extremities', 'Genetic Markers', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factors', 'Wings, Animal', 'Wnt1 Protein']
| 12,710,961
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.345.500.100'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['A01.378'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.930'], ['A13.395.823'], ['D12.776.467.984.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.967', 'D23.529.984.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The possibilities of using fiber optic luminescent light sources in medical-biological studies].
|
The use of optical fibers with luminescent spectrum-displacing admixtures inserted into their core enables the prototherapeutic devices to be designed. The paper provides the principle for designing optofiber luminescent light sources. Experiments with laboratory animals and donor blood have indicated that incoherent homogeneous light may produce effects in regenerating damaged tissue surfaces.
|
['Equipment Design', 'Fiber Optic Technology', 'Humans', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Optical Fibers', 'Radiography']
| 8,502,147
|
[['E05.320'], ['H01.671.617.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['E07.632.750'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Retinal and cerebral microvascular signs and diabetes: the age, gene/environment susceptibility-Reykjavik study.
|
OBJECTIVE: Diabetes increases the risk for microvascular disease. The retina and the brain both have intricate microvascular systems that are developmentally similar. We sought to examine whether microvascular lesions in the retina and in the brain are associated and whether this association differs among people with and without diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The analysis included 4,218 participants of the Icelandic population-based Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study who were born in 1907-1935 and who were previously followed as a part of the Reykjavik Study. Retinal focal arteriolar narrowing, arteriovenous (AV) nicking, and microaneurysms/hemorrhages were evaluated on digital retinal images of both eyes. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) were evaluated from magnetic resonance images. Data were analyzed with logistic and multinomial logistic regression models controlling for demographics, major cardiovascular risk factors, cerebral infarcts, and white matter lesions.RESULTS: Evidence of brain microbleeds was found in 485 (11.5%) people, including 192 with multiple (>or=2) microbleeds. Subjects with signs of retinal microvascular lesions were at a significantly increased likelihood for having multiple CMBs. People with diabetes in combination with the presence of either retinal AV nicking (odds ratio [OR] 2.47 [95% CI 1.42-4.31]) or retinal microaneurysms/hemorrhages (2.28 [1.24-4.18]) were significantly more likely to have multiple CMBs.CONCLUSIONS: Retinal microvascular abnormalities and brain microbleeds may occur together in older adults. People with both diabetes and signs of retinal microvascular lesions (AV nicking and microaneurysms/hemorrhages) are more likely to have multiple microbleeds in the brain. Microvascular disease in diabetes extends to the brain.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arterioles', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Environment', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Iceland', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Microcirculation', 'Middle Aged', 'Retina', 'Retinal Vessels', 'Venules']
| 18,332,097
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A07.015.114.060', 'A07.015.461.080'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.816.249', 'Z01.639.490'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A09.371.729'], ['A07.015.611'], ['A07.015.461.920', 'A07.015.908.952']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Psychosocial stressors and the short life spans of legendary jazz musicians.
|
Mean age at death of 168 legendary jazz musicians and 100 renowned classical musicians were compared to examine whether psychosocial stressors such as severe substance abuse, haphazard working conditions, lack of acceptance of jazz as an art form in the United States, marital and family discord, and a vagabond life style may have contributed to shortened life spans for the jazz musicians. Analysis indicated that the jazz musicians died at an earlier age (57.2 yr.) than the classical musicians (73.3 yr.).
|
['Family Relations', 'Humans', 'Life Style', 'Longevity', 'Music', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'United States']
| 10,833,735
|
[['F01.829.263.370', 'I01.880.853.150.439'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['K01.602'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Performance Evaluation of G8, a High-Sensitivity Benchtop Preclinical PET/CT Tomograph.
|
G8 is a benchtop integrated PET/CT scanner dedicated to high-sensitivity and high-resolution imaging of mice. This work characterizes its National Electrical Manufacturers Association NU 4-2008 performance where applicable and also assesses the basic imaging performance of the CT subsystem. Methods: The PET subsystem in G8 consists of 4 flat-panel detectors arranged in a boxlike geometry. Each panel consists of 2 modules of a 26 ? 26 pixelated bismuth germanate scintillator array with individual crystals measuring 1.75 ? 1.75 ? 7.2 mm. The crystal arrays are coupled to multichannel photomultiplier tubes via a tapered, pixelated glass lightguide. A cone-beam CT scanner consisting of a MicroFocus x-ray source and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor detector provides anatomic information. Sensitivity, spatial resolution, energy resolution, scatter fraction, count-rate performance, and the capability of performing phantom and mouse imaging were evaluated for the PET subsystem. Noise, dose level, contrast, and resolution were evaluated for the CT subsystem. Results: With an energy window of 350-650 keV, the peak sensitivity was 9.0% near the center of the field of view. The crystal energy resolution ranged from 15.0% to 69.6% in full width at half maximum (FWHM), with a mean of 19.3% ± 3.7%. The average intrinsic spatial resolution was 1.30 and 1.38 mm FWHM in the transverse and axial directions, respectively. The maximum-likelihood expectation maximization reconstructed image of a point source in air averaged 0.81 ± 0.11 mm FWHM. The peak noise-equivalent count rate for the mouse-sized phantom was 44 kcps for a total activity of 2.9 MBq (78 ìCi), and the scatter fraction was 11%. For the CT subsystem, the value of the modulation transfer function at 10% was 2.05 cycles/mm. Conclusion: The overall performance demonstrates that the G8 can produce high-quality images for molecular imaging-based biomedical research.
|
['Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Signal-To-Noise Ratio']
| 29,903,933
|
[['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['E05.318.370.800.875', 'E05.318.740.872.875', 'G17.800.500', 'N05.715.360.325.700.840', 'N05.715.360.750.725.750', 'N06.850.520.445.800.875', 'N06.850.520.830.872.750']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effective presentation of medical images on an electronic display station.
|
In summary, the following should be parts of a useful system for electronic medical image display. 1. All display scales should be linearized. 2. Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization should be applied to all slices as they arrive at display. 3. A screen or portion thereof should be dedicated to a low-sampled index of all slices, and navigation among the slices should be accomplished by reference to this index. 4. One second access to any slice or group of slices from the index should be provided.
|
['Diagnostic Imaging', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Software']
| 3,423,333
|
[['E01.370.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['L01.224.308'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.