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Efficacy of metoclopramide as an adjunct to duodenal placement of small-bore feeding tubes: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.
|
We examined whether metoclopramide would improve the success rate of transpyloric intubation of a weighted Corpak feeding tube when fluoroscopic guidance is not used. Seventy patients were randomized in a prospective, double-blind fashion to receive either placebo (n = 35) or metoclopramide, 10 mg (n = 35) parenterally, administered immediately after the feeding tube was inserted. Tube location was determined independently by two observers who examined radiographs obtained after barium was instilled via the tube. There was no significant increase in the success rate of duodenal intubation in the total group following metoclopramide, 60%, compared to placebo, 49%. However, analysis of subgroups among the placebo-treated patients revealed that diabetes mellitus, but not other medical conditions, decreased the success rate for duodenal intubation, 20 vs 60% (p less than 0.05). Among diabetic patients, metoclopramide resulted in a significant increase in duodenal placement compared to placebo (p less than 0.05). We conclude that parenteral metoclopramide significantly increases the frequency of transpyloric intubation with small feeding tubes without fluoroscopic guidance in diabetic patients but not in nondiabetic patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Duodenum', 'Enteral Nutrition', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Gastrointestinal', 'Male', 'Metoclopramide', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Random Allocation', 'Regression Analysis', 'Stomach']
| 3,102,779
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.585.412', 'E05.497.412'], ['D02.065.277.573', 'D02.241.223.100.050.500.647', 'D02.241.223.100.100.510', 'D02.241.223.100.200.750', 'D02.241.223.100.300.350.625', 'D02.241.511.390.350.625', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.937.647', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.510', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.350.625', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.638.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['A03.556.875.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 0
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|
Mathematical model of L5178Y mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay.
|
A mathematical model of the biological protocol for the Mouse Lymphoma L5178Y Forward Mutation Bioassay is presented. The model relates the mutant progenitor frequency (MPF), the number of cells per million surviving cells with DNA damage after exposure to the chemical, to the mutant frequency (MF), the number of TFT-resistant cells per million survivors. For a given expression time, the deterministic relationship is linear and the proportionality constant depends on the relative suspension growth factor (rg) and relative cloning efficiencies (rc) of mutants to those of wild type cells: MF = (rg X rc) X MPF. Experimental noise leads to variations in the values of rg and rc and lack of reproducibility in the system. If mutant progenitors and their progeny grow as well as wild-type cells and if all of the parental mutant progenitors express the mutant phenotype, then rg = 1/2 and rc = 1. Biological mechanisms, such as differential growth characteristics of mutant and wild-type cells or DNA repair, can make the mutant frequency an inaccurate estimate of the MPF. For the assay to be useful as a screen for the mutagenic activity of chemicals, rg X rc has to be reasonably constant from chemical to chemical.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Division', 'DNA Repair', 'Leukemia L5178', 'Leukemia, Experimental', 'Mathematics', 'Mice', 'Models, Biological', 'Mutagenicity Tests', 'Mutation', 'Time Factors']
| 6,877,266
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['C04.557.337.372.602', 'C04.619.531.602'], ['C04.557.337.372', 'C04.619.531', 'E05.598.500.496.500'], ['H01.548'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.393.560', 'E05.940.560'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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|
A single amino acid substitution in lactate dehydrogenase improves the catalytic efficiency with an alternative coenzyme.
|
Using site-directed mutagenesis, the NADH-linked lactate dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus has been specifically altered at a single residue to shift the coenzyme specificity towards NADPH. The single change is at position 53 in the amino acid sequence where a conserved aspartate has been replaced by a serine. This substitution was made to reduce steric hindrance on binding of the extra phosphate group of NADPH and to remove the negative charge of the aspartate group. The resultant mutant enzyme is 20 times more catalytically efficient than the wild-type enzyme with NADPH.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Catalysis', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Geobacillus stearothermophilus', 'Kinetics', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'NAD', 'NADP', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 2,302,233
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.130'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.400.400', 'B03.353.500.100.400.400', 'B03.510.100.100.400.400', 'B03.510.415.400.158.400.400', 'B03.510.460.410.158.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Linear correlation between rheological, mechanical and mucoadhesive properties of polycarbophil polymer blends for biomedical applications.
|
Polycarbophil is widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations, mainly for their strong ability to adhere to the epithelial and mucous barriers (bio/mucoadhesion). On the other hand, its association with the thermoresponsive polymer (poloxamer 407) has been poorly explored. This work investigates the rheological, mechanical and mucoadhesive properties of polymer blends containing polycarbophil and poloxamer 407, in order to select the best formulations for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Mechanical (hardness, compressibility, adhesiveness, softness, and mucoadhesion) and rheological characteristics (consistency index, yield value and hysteresis area) showed that 20% (w/w) poloxamer 407- polymer blends exhibited higher values parameters. However, the rheological interaction parameter, which was more sensible than the mechanical interaction parameter, revealed higher synergism for systems comprising 15% (w/w) poloxamer 407, due to the system organization and polymers' properties. Furthermore, gelation temperatures were appropriated, suggesting that polymer blends can be used as biomedical materials, and displaying easy administration, enhanced retention and prolonged residence time at the site of application. Therefore, rheological, mechanical and mucoadhesive characterization provided a rational basis for selecting appropriated systems, useful for mucoadhesive drug delivery systems and biomedical applications.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Adhesiveness', 'Materials Testing', 'Poloxamer', 'Rheology']
| 28,219,852
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['G02.860.139'], ['E05.570'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.682', 'D05.750.741.667', 'D25.720.741.667', 'J01.637.051.720.741.667'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of the gene encoding hydroxylamine oxidoreductase in Nitrosomonas europaea.
|
Hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) catalyzes the oxidation of hydroxylamine to nitrite in Nitrosomonas europaea. The electrons released in the reaction are partitioned to ammonium monooxygenase and to the respiratory chain. The immediate acceptor of electrons from HAO is believed to be cytochrome c-554 (Cyt c-554). We have isolated a genomic DNA fragment containing the structural gene encoding HAO (hao) and a part of the gene for Cyt c-554. The nucleotide sequence of hao was determined, and its transcription was analyzed. The open reading frame (ORF) encodes amino acid sequences matching the purified peptides of HAO. A 64.28-kDa protein is encoded in this ORF, in close agreement with the empirically determined molecular mass of 63 kDa. The N terminus was located 24 amino acids from the start codon, suggesting the presence of a leader sequence. The putative eight heme-binding peptides were localized in this ORF. The gene for Cyt c-554 was located 1,200 bp downstream from the 3' end of hao. An ORF was identified in the upstream region from hao and may encode a protein of unknown function. Data bank searches did not reveal proteins with substantial similarities to HAO, but they did reveal similarities between Cyt c-554 and other c-type cytochromes.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cytochrome c Group', 'Gene Library', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nitrosomonas', 'Oligonucleotide Probes', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Sequence Analysis', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Trypsin']
| 8,288,544
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.244.286', 'D12.776.422.220.286'], ['G05.360.325'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B03.440.400.425.562.500', 'B03.660.075.550.500'], ['D13.444.600.601', 'D27.505.259.750.600.650', 'D27.720.470.530.600.650'], ['D08.811.682'], ['D12.644.541'], ['E05.393.760'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum growth hormone and free fatty acid levels in heifers and cows before, during and after parturition.
|
A large number of blood samples was taken from the jugular vein of 18 cows or heifers during parturition, especially during stage II. In 9 animals an increase in serum growth hormone was observed and the peak occurred within the period which began when the forelegs of the calf became visible in the vulva, and ended a few minutes after expulsion of the calf. In typical cases, the growth hormone peak was preceded by a progressive increase, and followed by a gradual decrease in the hormone level. The total duration of the phenomenon amounted to a few hours. During the days before and after parturition, no change in growth hormone concentration could be noted. The serum free fatty acid values were high during parturition.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Female', 'Growth Hormone', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Animal']
| 1,034,460
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.498']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Prenatal ultrasound findings in a case of cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung with generalized hydrops of the fetus].
|
The sonographic findings of polyhydramnion, foetal ascites, generalised hydrops, as well as tumour in the right thoracic or upper abdominal regions are described as an expression of a uniform disease pattern of the foetus. The case under discussion concerns a congenital cystic-adenomatoid malformation of the right lung. The characteristic features of differential diagnosis are discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Edema', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lung', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Diagnosis', 'Ultrasonography']
| 6,394,421
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.171'], ['C23.888.277'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A04.411'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.378.630'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Plasma-free homovanillic acid: within- and across-day stability in children and adults with Tourette's syndrome.
|
Within- and across-day stability of plasma-free homovanillic acid (pHVA) was assessed in children and adults with Tourette's syndrome. A diurnal fall in pHVA was observed in 13 of 15 subjects. There was a small but significant (p less than .0001) decrease (8%) in mean morning pHVA levels obtained just 20 minutes apart (8:30 A.M. and 8:50 A.M.). A substantial and significant (p less than .001) mean decrease in pHVA (25%) was observed when samples obtained between 8:00 and 8:30 A.M. were compared with samples obtained at 12:00 noon. Changes in pHVA levels observed during the afternoon (between 12:00 noon and 4:00 P.M.) were small, nondirectional, and nonsignificant. Repeated measurement of morning pHVA in the same individual after 24 or more hours revealed marked increases or decreases in many individuals, suggesting that morning pHVA is not a stable measure. The results of this and previous studies suggest that pHVA obtained at 12:00 noon or later in the day may be a more reliable measure of centrally produced HVA. Further studies are needed regarding the stability of pHVA over time.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Female', 'Homovanillic Acid', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Time Factors', 'Tourette Syndrome']
| 3,473,273
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D02.241.223.601.521'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C10.228.140.079.898', 'C10.228.662.825.800', 'C10.574.500.850', 'C16.320.400.820', 'F03.625.992.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of consultant operative supervision and surgical mortality in Australia.
|
BACKGROUND: In this study, the Australian and New Zealand Audit of Surgical Mortality evaluated the effect of operative supervision on certain post-operative outcomes in the surgical death subset.METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was based upon mortality data collected in 2009 which included 1673 patients who died and had surgery within 30 days of death or during the last admission. Cases were divided into three groups: consultant not supervising (group NS), consultant supervising (group S) and consultant performing the operation (group C). A comparison was done nationally and between participating states in Australia. Certain post-operative outcomes were compared between the three groups as well as between elective and emergency operations.RESULTS: There were significant variations in the levels of operative supervision among states in Australia. Group NS (n = 468) generally had more favourable post-operative outcomes than group S (n = 147) and group C (n = 1058), with post-operative complication rates of 24.8%, 37.4% and 40.9% for groups NS, S and C, respectively. The level of operative supervision in emergency operations was half that of elective operations. Nevertheless, the post-operative complications rate was significantly lower in emergency operations (30.6%) compared with elective operations (64.4%). The same trend was seen with clinical management deficiencies and unplanned return to theatre.CONCLUSION: Operative supervision in emergency setting within Australian hospitals appears to be potentially inadequate. However, the available data suggest that unsupervised surgery did not result in worse post-operative outcomes. In appropriately selected cases, the data support surgical registrars performing surgery without consultant supervision.
|
['Aged', 'Australia', 'Cohort Studies', 'Consultants', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Audit', 'New Zealand', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative']
| 23,095,025
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['M01.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.250.500', 'N05.700.175.500'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Preclinical Development of Novel PSMA-Targeting Radioligands: Modulation of Albumin-Binding Properties To Improve Prostate Cancer Therapy.
|
The treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains challenging with current treatment options. The development of more effective therapies is, therefore, urgently needed. Targeted radionuclide therapy with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligands has revealed promising clinical results. In an effort to optimize this concept, it was the aim of this study to design and investigate PSMA ligands comprising different types of albumin binders. PSMA-ALB-53 and PSMA-ALB-56 were designed by combining the glutamate-urea-based PSMA-binding entity, a DOTA chelator and an albumin binder based on the 4-( p-iodophenyl)-moiety or p-(tolyl)-moiety. The compounds were labeled with 177Lu (50 MBq/nmol) resulting in radioligands of high radiochemical purity (?98%). Both radioligands were stable (?98%) over 24 h in the presence of l-ascorbic acid. The uptake into PSMA-positive PC-3 PIP tumor cells in vitro was in the same range (54-58%) for both radioligands; however, 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-53 showed a 15-fold enhanced binding to human plasma proteins. Biodistribution studies performed in PC-3 PIP/flu tumor-bearing mice revealed high tumor uptake of 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-53 and 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56, respectively, demonstrated by equal areas under the curves (AUCs) for both radioligands. The increased retention of 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-53 in the blood resulted in almost 5-fold lower tumor-to-blood AUC ratios when compared to 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56. Kidney clearance of 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56 was faster, and hence, the tumor-to-kidney AUC ratio was 3-fold higher than in the case of 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-53. Due to the more favorable tissue distribution profile, 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56 was selected for a preclinical therapy study in PC-3 PIP tumor-bearing mice. The tumor growth delay after application of 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56 and 177Lu-PSMA-617 applied at the same activities (2 or 5 MBq per mouse) revealed better antitumor effects in the case of 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56. As a consequence, the survival of mice treated with 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56 was prolonged when compared to the mice, which received the same activity of 177Lu-PSMA-617. Our results demonstrated the superiority of 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56 over 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-53 indicating that the p-(tolyl)-moiety was more suited as an albumin binder to optimize the tissue distribution profile. 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56 was more effective to treat tumors than 177Lu-PSMA-617 resulting in complete tumor remission in four out of six mice. This promising results warrant further investigations to assess the potential for clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA-ALB-56.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Drug Design', 'Drug Stability', 'Female', 'Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II', 'Humans', 'Ligands', 'Lutetium', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Nude', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Radioisotopes', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Serum Albumin, Human', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 29,684,274
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['E05.916.330'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.245.400', 'D08.811.277.656.350.555.500', 'D08.811.277.656.675.555.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D01.268.558.362.562', 'D01.268.956.311', 'D01.552.550.399.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D01.496.749'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['D12.776.034.841.603', 'D12.776.124.727.906'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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| 0
|
The effect of nitric oxide on acetylcholine release in the rabbit bladder.
|
We evaluated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on acetylcholine release and the contractile response induced by electrical field stimulation in rabbit bladder smooth muscles using a muscle bath and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with microdialysis. Electrical field stimulation (supramaximum voltage, pulse duration 0.5 ms, frequency 5 and 20 Hz) was applied to a smooth muscle strip isolated from rabbit bladder. With low-frequency (5 Hz) stimulation, pretreatment with Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) (100 microM) significantly increased electrical field stimulation-induced acetylcholine release and contractile response, which were reduced by the addition of L-arginine. Pretreatment with sodium nitroprusside in the absence or presence of L-NNA significantly decreased electrical field stimulation-induced acetylcholine release and contractile response. In contrast, with high frequency (20 Hz) stimulation, pretreatment with L-NNA and sodium nitroprusside had no significant effect on either contractile response or acetylcholine release. Pretreatment with sodium nitroprusside caused no significant changes in carbachol and ATP-induced contractile responses. Sodium nitroprusside and L-NNA had no significant effects on the atropine-resistant part of the contraction induced by electrical field stimulation in rabbit bladder smooth muscles. The results suggest that there is a NO-mediated mechanism inhibiting acetylcholine release from cholinergic nerve endings in rabbit bladder, which may contribute to bladder function.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Atropine', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Microdialysis', 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nitroprusside', 'Potassium Chloride', 'Rabbits', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Vasodilator Agents', 'omega-N-Methylarginine']
| 11,779,038
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['D02.145.074.722.229.199', 'D03.132.760.180.572.199', 'D03.132.889.180.648.199', 'D03.605.084.500.722.229.199', 'D03.605.869.229.199'], ['E05.723.402'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.196.353.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200.500', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200.500'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D01.248.497.158.291.350.550', 'D01.490.100.300.550', 'D01.625.400.100.325.550'], ['D01.210.450.150.750', 'D01.745.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A05.810.890'], ['D27.505.954.411.918'], ['D12.125.068.050.650', 'D12.125.095.104.650', 'D12.125.142.087.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Texture and moments-based classification of the acrosome integrity of boar spermatozoa images.
|
The automated assessment of the sperm quality is an important challenge in the veterinary field. In this paper, we explore how to describe the acrosomes of boar spermatozoa using image analysis so that they can be automatically categorized as intact or damaged. Our proposal aims at characterizing the acrosomes by means of texture features. The texture is described using first order statistics and features derived from the co-occurrence matrix of the image, both computed from the original image and from the coefficients yielded by the Discrete Wavelet Transform. Texture descriptors are evaluated and compared with moments-based descriptors in terms of the classification accuracy they provide. Experimental results with a Multilayer Perceptron and the k-Nearest Neighbours classifiers show that texture descriptors outperform moment-based descriptors, reaching an accuracy of 94.93%, which makes this approach very attractive for the veterinarian community.
|
['Acrosome', 'Animals', 'Male', 'Spermatozoa', 'Swine']
| 22,382,003
|
[['A05.360.490.890.820.100', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550.040', 'A11.497.760.400.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Predictive factors for technical difficulties during retropubic radical prostatectomy using external pelvimetry].
|
External pelvimetry can be used to predict the technical difficulty of retropubic radical prostatectomy and the results should be taken into account in the treatment plan.
|
['Humans', 'Male', 'Pelvis', 'Prostatectomy']
| 12,108,360
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.923.600'], ['E04.950.774.860.625']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Relationships between blood pressure, heart rate and plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, angiotensin II concentrations, plasma renin activity during chronic guanfacine therapy in patients with essential arterial hypertension.
|
The evolution of blood pressure, heart rate, epinephrine, norepinephrine, angiotensin II and plasma renin activity has been studied in 10 patients with essential arterial hypertension before and during a two months period of treatment with guanfacine, a new centrally acting hypotensive drug. Guanfacine was proven effective in lowering both systolic and diastolic supine and standing blood pressure. A decrease in supine and standing norepinephrine plasma concentrations and plasma renin activity was observed. No change was seen in epinephrine or angiotensin II. The fall in supine blood pressure observed during the treatment period was positively correlated with the change in norepinephrine.
|
['Angiotensin II', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Epinephrine', 'Female', 'Guanfacine', 'Guanidines', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Norepinephrine', 'Phenylacetates', 'Renin']
| 3,895,792
|
[['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['D02.078.370.465', 'D02.241.223.601.329'], ['D02.078.370'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D02.241.223.601'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Examining student rating of teaching effectiveness using FACETS.
|
Students' evaluations of teaching staff can be considered high-stakes, as they are often used to determine promotion, reappointment, and merit pay to academics. Using Facets, the reliability and validity of one student rating questionnaire is analyzed. A total of 13,940 respondents of the Human Science Division of International Islamic University Malaysia were involved in the study. The analysis shows that the student rating questionnaire used was valid and reliable, and it allows identification of staff for the institution's prestigious teaching excellence awards, and those needing in-service training. It was found that there was no significant difference in terms of rank, age and gender of the staff. The study also shows that the majority of staff have problems keeping the class interested and getting students to participate in class activities. Faculty also hardly discussed common errors in assignments and tests.
|
['Employee Performance Appraisal', 'Faculty', 'Humans', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 22,089,510
|
[['N04.452.677.370'], ['M01.526.702.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evolution of sfbI encoding streptococcal fibronectin-binding protein I: horizontal genetic transfer and gene mosaic structure.
|
Streptococcal fibronectin-binding protein is an important virulence factor involved in colonization and invasion of epithelial cells and tissues by Streptococcus pyogenes. In order to investigate the mechanisms involved in the evolution of sfbI, the sfbI genes from 54 strains were sequenced. Thirty-four distinct alleles were identified. Three principal mechanisms appear to have been involved in the evolution of sfbI. The amino-terminal aromatic amino acid-rich domain is the most variable region and is apparently generated by intergenic recombination of horizontally acquired DNA cassettes, resulting in a genetic mosaic in this region. Two distinct and divergent sequence types that shared only 61 to 70% identity were identified in the central proline-rich region, while variation at the 3' end of the gene is due to deletion or duplication of defined repeat units. Potential antigenic and functional variabilities in SfbI imply significant selective pressure in vivo with direct implications for the microbial pathogenesis of S. pyogenes.
|
['Adhesins, Bacterial', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Blood', 'Consensus Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mosaicism', 'Pharynx', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Skin', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptococcus']
| 14,662,917
|
[['D12.776.097.120.050', 'D12.776.543.100.050', 'D23.050.161.050'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A12.207.152', 'A15.145'], ['G02.111.570.580.175'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E05.393.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590.175.595'], ['A03.556.750', 'A04.623', 'A14.724'], ['E05.393.751'], ['A17.815'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Intact Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Postmenopausal Women with Hip and Upper Limb Fractures.
|
OBJECTIVES: To assess the serum of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels in postmenopausal women from northern China with hip and upper limb fractures.DESIGN: Case-control.SETTING: Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.PARTICIPANTS: Postmenopausal women diagnosed with hip fracture (n = 335) and matched controls without fracture (n = 335).MEASUREMENTS: Between 2011 and 2013, fasting venous samples were analyzed for 25(OH)D, iPTH, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, and phosphorus. All women completed a standardized questionnaire designed to document putative risk factors for fractures.RESULTS: Eight percent of participants had vitamin D deficiency, and 66.0% had secondary hyperparathyroidism. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly (P < .001) lower in women with hip fracture than in controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for common risk factors showed that serum 25(OH)D of 20 ng/mL or less was an independent indicator of hip fracture (odds ratio (OR) = 2.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.11-4.20) and concomitant upper limb fracture in those with existing hip fractures (OR = 4.77, 95% CI = 1.60-10.12). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 25(OH)D was 0.77 (95% CI = 0.68-0.84) for hip fracture and 0.80 (95% CI = 0.72-0.89) for hip and upper limb fractures.CONCLUSION: Vitamin D insufficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism were a common problem in postmenopausal women who presented with concomitant hip and upper limb fractures, suggesting that they might contribute to the pathophysiology of fractures in postmenopausal women.
|
['Aged', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Arm Injuries', 'Biomarkers', 'Calcium', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Female', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Hyperparathyroidism', 'Middle Aged', 'Parathyroid Hormone', 'Phosphorus', 'Postmenopause', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Vitamin D', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 27,131,061
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['C26.088'], ['D23.101'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C26.404'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.642.355'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D06.472.699.590', 'D12.644.548.587'], ['D01.268.666'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The arterial pattern and fractal dimension of the dog kidney.
|
A method has been developed by which it is possible to measure the fractal dimension of the arterial tree of the kidney. The objective of this work is to determine a method which permits us to discriminate between the architectures of specific organs by reference to a unique number, namely the fractal dimension of the arterial tree of that organ. This method opens the possibility of a new taxonomy for normal organs and for the pathological injiries related to the vascular morphology of those organs. The method that we have devised uses as its input the volume which is taken up by the arterial tree of the kidney. In order to calculate this volume we first obtained a plastic cast (the arteries were filled with Araldite CY233 plastic resin after which the organic tissues were corroded); thereafter we constructed a theoretical arterial tree having the same volume as the renal one. From this simplified tree, we were able to calculate its fractal dimension. The complete process of constructing the theoretical arterial tree and the subsequent calculation of its fractal dimension was carried out automatically by way of a computer programme to which we have given the name fractal program.
|
['Abdomen', 'Animals', 'Arteries', 'Arterioles', 'Dogs', 'Jugular Veins', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Plastic Embedding', 'Renal Circulation', 'Software']
| 1,457,978
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['A07.015.114.060', 'A07.015.461.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.015.908.498'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440.640', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440.640', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440.640', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440.640'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anatomical description of the main vessels for venipuncture in the black-striped capuchin monkey (Sapajus libidinosus, Silva Junior, 2002).
|
BACKGROUND: The scarcity of data on the anatomy of Sapajus libidinosus has impeded the execution for appropriate veterinary treatment. The objective of this study was to describe the main peripheral veins of the capuchin monkey, used in venipuncture and indicate the best access route for venipuncture procedures.METHODS: Ten S. libidinosus corpses were used. The face, neck, chest, and pelvic limb were dissected using surgical instruments to identify and locate surface vessels.RESULTS: The main superficial veins identified could be used for venipuncture in capuchin monkey where the external jugular, brachial, cephalic, saphenous, and femoral veins. The veins in the pelvic limb were the most suitable for this purpose, with an un anesthetized subject.CONCLUSIONS: The femoral vein was shown to be the most suitable for blood sampling and drug administration and the saphenous vein for serum therapy protocols.
|
['Animals', 'Cebinae', 'Female', 'Male', 'Phlebotomy', 'Veins']
| 28,809,436
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.600.150.170'], ['E01.370.225.998.110.625', 'E02.800.558', 'E04.665.150.625', 'E05.200.998.110.625'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cognitive impairment in rheumatoid arthritis.
|
The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of cognitive impairment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A cross-sectional study of 40 patients with RA and 40 healthy controls was performed. To assess cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression, the following standardized psychiatric and clinical research methods were used: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), logic memory tests, short and long memory tests, verbal fluency tests, attention tests, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD)/CAGE scale and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Patients and controls with incomplete primary education were excluded from the study. Statistics were performed by chi-square test and by Fisher's exact test. Cognitive impairment was observed in 30% of patients with RA and in 7.5% (p < 0.05) of healthy controls. Patients with RA had a significantly worse outcome in verbal fluency (p < 0.05), logic memory (p < 0.05) and short memory (p < 0.05). No statistical difference was observed among the results obtained in the MMSE, BPRS, HAD/CAGE and BDI. There was no significant relation to the duration of the illness, use of corticotherapy or disability. We observed a high prevalence of cognitive impairment in RA patients. Cognitive impairment was not related to clinical and treatment features or disability. More studies are necessary to determine clinical impact of cognitive impairment in RA.
|
['Adult', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales']
| 15,319,812
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['F03.615.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513.653']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Salivary cortisol: a predictor of convictions for driving under the influence of alcohol?
|
AIMS: To examine the relationship between salivary cortisol and frequency of past driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) convictions.METHODS: A total of 104 males with previous DUI convictions (from one to eight) and mean age of 44.7 years were assessed on measures characterizing repeat DUI offenders, including sociodemographic information, alcohol use behaviours, biological indices of the organic consequences of chronic abuse, negative consequences of excessive drinking, past DUI conviction history, impulse control, and antisocial behaviour tendencies. Saliva samples were taken approximately every 30 min over a 6 h period during an exhaustive multidimensional assessment protocol, and were then assayed to obtain cortisol responses.RESULTS: Blunted cortisol response, typically observed in alcoholics and in high-risk non-alcoholics, was associated with increased number of past DUI convictions. This association was particularly pronounced in multiple DUI offenders, and was stronger than, and independent of, other measures of alcohol use severity and chronicity commonly used for DUI assessment.CONCLUSIONS: Cortisol response may be useful in understanding the mediators underlying repeat DUI offending and the frequent failure of intervention efforts in curbing DUI behaviour.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Adult', 'Alcoholic Intoxication', 'Alcoholism', 'Breath Tests', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Recurrence', 'Saliva', 'Treatment Failure']
| 15,914,513
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.175', 'F03.900.100.300'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['E01.370.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['A12.200.666'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Multiple compression and plasto-elastic behaviour of paracetamol and microcrystalline cellulose mixtures.
|
Radial tensile strength, friability, ER/PC (elastic recovery/plastic compression) ratio and energy ratio analyses were evaluated for various mixtures of paracetamol and microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel). A good correlation occurred between the energy ratio and the other variables. Linear relationships were found between log tensile strength and percentage energy ratio and also between radial tensile strength and stress relaxation energy. Capping occurred when the percentage energy ratio was greater than 15% and the ER/PC ratio greater than 1.5. To produce tablets with acceptable tensile strength and friability, the percentage energy ratio for Avicel/paracetamol should be greater than 10%. The optimal mixture of the two powders, as far as the tensile strength, friability and absence of capping were concerned, was found to be 50% w/w Avicel, 50% w/w paracetamol.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Cellulose', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Tablets', 'Tensile Strength']
| 2,907,530
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['D26.255.830'], ['G01.374.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The use of a HEMOCHRON JR. HEMONOX point of care test in monitoring the anticoagulant effects of enoxaparin during interventional coronary procedures.
|
BACKGROUND: Enoxaparin is increasingly used for the anticoagulation of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Several reports have suggested the utility of using point of care tests in monitoring the anticoagulation levels of enoxaparin in patients undergoing PCI. The objective of this study was to evaluate a new point-of-care test (POCT) HEMONOX in monitoring the anticoagulant effect of enoxaparin in non citrated fresh whole blood samples from patients undergoing elective PCI procedure.METHODS: Following IRB approval, blood samples were obtained from fifty-four patients who received two sequential intravenous doses of enoxaparin; 0.1 mg/kg followed 5 min later by 0.4 mg/kg for a total of 0.5 mg/kg. Blood was drawn at baseline and at 5, 10, 30 and 60 min post first bolus for evaluation in the clot-based POCT HEMONOX, ACT and aPTT and the chromogenic anti-Xa activity assay.RESULTS: HEMONOX clotting time (CT) at baseline was 62.6 +/- 6.2 secs, (n = 32) in healthy donors and statistically higher in PCI patients (71.6 +/- 9.1 secs, p = 0.0001). The peak HEMONOX response that was always achieved at 10 min post bolus was >100 secs in all 54 patients, of these 83% yielded CT >150 secs (range: 150-466). There was no detectable anti-Xa activity level at baseline while peak HEMONOX CT corresponded to therapeutic levels (0.85 +/- 0.14 U/ml; range: 0.61-1.34). Both HEMONOX CT and anti-Xa level significantly decreased at the time of sheath removal. HEMONOX CT at peak response suggested 3 patient subgroups with different levels of sensitivity to enoxaparin: low, intermediate and high responders. The correlation between anti-Xa activity level and HEMONOX CT was >or=0.85 in each patient subgroup when data from the 3 critical time points; baseline (absence of drug), peak response (10 min post bolus) and sheath removal (60 min post bolus) were analyzed. The correlation diminished to >or=0.83 when the analyses included data from all 5 time points [baseline, 5, 10, 30, and 60 min post bolus]. The HEMONOX test was the most sensitive POCT to measure the anticoagulant effects of enoxaparin. All patients completed PCI successfully.CONCLUSION: The HEMONOX test may be able to guide anticoagulation with enoxaparin during PCI. The HEMONOX assay is a one step whole blood coagulation test performed on the HEMOCHRON Jr. Signature + POC system. The method was evaluated to monitor the anticoagulant level of enoxaparin in blood samples from patients undergoing PCI after receiving an intravenous dose of 0.5 mg/kg. The results suggest a clear distinction of HEMONOX CT between the baseline value of untreated patients and patients achieving therapeutic enoxaparin levels.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Anticoagulants', 'Drug Monitoring', 'Enoxaparin', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Point-of-Care Systems', 'Whole Blood Coagulation Time']
| 16,622,609
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['E01.370.520.200'], ['D09.698.373.400.300.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.452.442.452.452.680', 'N04.452.515.360.652', 'N04.590.874'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.950', 'E05.200.625.115.950', 'G09.188.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Conservation and diversification of genes by mismatch correction and SOS induction.
|
Regulation of genetic stability is discussed in terms of interactions between constitutive and inducible DNA repair processes with specific emphasis on the results of our experimental studies of mismatch correction and SOS induction in Escherichia coli.
|
['Base Composition', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Mutation']
| 6,814,501
|
[['G02.111.080'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.365.590']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interleukin-22 and Its Correlation with Disease Activity in Plaque Psoriasis.
|
Psoriasis is a chronic debilitating skin disease with an estimated prevalence reaching 2% of the worldwide population. Psoriatic disease is driven by a network of complicated reciprocal interactions among innate and adaptive mechanisms of immune system with structural components of the skin. Interleukin (IL)-22 mediates keratinocyte proliferation and epidermal hyperplasia, inhibits terminal differentiation of keratinocytes, and induces the production of antimicrobial proteins. The aim of this study was the assessment of IL-22 levels and its correlation with disease activity in plaque psoriasis. The study group included 64 patients with mild, moderate and severe psoriasis. Control group was composed of 24 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers. IL-22 concentration was assessed in supernatants of T-cell cultures as well as in the plasma of study and control group with the use of ELISA method. Statistical analysis showed that concentration of IL-22 in cultures exposed to staphylococcal enterotoxin B was significantly higher than in control samples (p = 0.005) and cultures treated with IL-12 (p = 0.005). Patients with psoriasis presented significantly higher concentrations of IL-22 than healthy individuals (p = 0.0000001). In conclusion, IL-22 may collaborate with other soluble factors and cells together forming inflammatory circuits that otherwise exist as constitutive or inducible pathways in normal skin and become pathologically amplificated in psoriasis. Targeting IL-22 may be promising as a potential therapeutic for plaque psoriasis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukins', 'Keratinocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psoriasis', 'Skin', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Up-Regulation']
| 30,291,393
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.251'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465', 'D12.776.467.374.465', 'D23.529.374.465'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['A17.815'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
|
BACKGROUND: The goal of this pilot study was to investigate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in a group of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).METHOD: Fifty adult patients enrolled in out-patient SLE studies at the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (February 1995-October 1996) completed a self-report questionnaire adapted from the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and an in-person psychiatric clinical interview with a psychiatrist or psychiatric clinical nurse specialist. DSM-IV lifetime diagnosis of OCD was determined by clinical interview.RESULTS: Sixteen subjects (32%) met DSM-IV lifetime diagnostic criteria for OCD and an additional 5 (10%) met criteria for subclinical OCD. Mean +/- SD number of symptoms reported on the self-report questionnaire was significantly higher among subjects diagnosed with OCD on clinical interview (40.7 +/- 23.2) compared with those without OCD (8.9 +/- 11.7; t = 5.8, df = 27, p <.001).CONCLUSION: Obsessive-compulsive disorder was 10 to 15 times more common in this cohort of patients with SLE compared with those in community-based studies of OCD. The use of an OCD self-report rating scale proved helpful in the identification of OCD symptoms among patients with SLE. Results suggest that further studies of OCD in patients with SLE are needed and may provide new insight into the pathophysiology of both disorders.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Comorbidity', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', 'Prevalence', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 15,096,067
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.080.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Determinants of Case Fatality After Hospitalization for Stroke in France 2010 to 2015.
|
Background and Purpose- The aims of this study were to (1) describe early and late case fatality rates after stroke in France, (2) evaluate whether their determinants differed, and (3) analyze time trends between 2010 and 2015. Methods- Data were extracted from the Syst?me National des donn?es de sant? database. Patients hospitalized for stroke each year from 2010 to 2015, aged ?18 years, and affiliated to the general insurance scheme were selected. Cox regressions were used to separately analyze determinants of 30-day and 31- to 365-day case fatality rates for each stroke type (ischemic, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage). Results- In 2015, of the 73 124 persons hospitalized for stroke, 26.8% died in the following year, with the majority of deaths occurring within the first 30 days (56.9%). Nonadmission to a stroke unit, older age, and having comorbidities were all associated with a poorer 30-day and 31- to 365-day prognosis. Female sex was associated with a lower 31- to 365-day case fatality rate for all patients with stroke. Living in an area with a high deprivation index was associated with both higher 30-day and 31- to 365-day case fatality rates for all stroke types. Between 2010 and 2015, significant decreases in both 30-day and 31- to 365-day case fatality rates for ischemic patients were observed. Conclusions- Case fatality rates after stroke remained high in 2015 in France, despite major improvements in stroke care and organization. Improvement in stroke awareness and preparedness, particularly in the most deprived areas, together with better follow-up after the acute phase are urgently needed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Comorbidity', 'Databases, Factual', 'Female', 'France', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mortality', 'Prognosis', 'Sex Distribution', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage', 'Young Adult']
| 30,621,528
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['E01.789'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
31P-NMR spectroscopy of human cancer cells proliferating in a basement membrane gel.
|
We describe a system in which proliferating human breast cancer cells are monitored by NMR spectroscopy for at least 6 days in basement membrane gel (BMG)1 threads. The cells are perfused under standard sterile cell culture conditions. 31P-NMR spectra obtained continuously for up to 64 h showed an increase in the signals owing to an increasing number of cells. Cell division in the BMG is easily observed by microscope or by the human eye as the gel opacifies. Spectra of cells in the BMG threads at 20% confluency show a more rapid signal increase than at 60% confluency. Cells grown in vivo in nude mice show a spectrum markedly similar to in vitro spectra in BMG threads, whereas the same cells in agarose threads lack peaks owing to Pi, glycerophosphocholine, and glycerophosphoethanolamine. With the high resolution obtained from this system we distinguished intracellular from extracellular Pi in vitro, and found that the intracellular pH is equal to that observed in the same cell line in vivo. This cell-BMG system is in effect a model tumor, but it is composed of a homogeneous cell population that can be observed indefinitely as the cells reproduce. The material needed is inexpensive, the technique is simple and efficient, and no adaptation of the spectrometer is required. This model will be useful for studying intracellular metabolism and the interaction of cells with the basement membrane.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Basement Membrane', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Division', 'Gels', 'Glycerylphosphorylcholine', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Phosphates', 'Phosphatidylethanolamines', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 3,384,239
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['A10.272.220', 'A10.615.179'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['D02.033.800.875.750.449', 'D09.853.875.750.449', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.386', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.800.806.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.840'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development and application of a HPLC-ICP-MS method to determine selenium speciation in muscle of pigs treated with different selenium supplements.
|
Dietary selenium deficiency is recognized as a global problem. Pork is the most widely consumed meat throughout the world and an important source of selenium for humans. In this study, a reliable approach was developed for analyzing selenium and its speciation in the muscles of pigs after different selenium treatments. The selenium source deposition efficiency was ranked as: selenomethionine > methylselenocysteine > selenite, and the muscle selenium content had a dose effect with selenomethionine supplementation. In total, four species of selenium were detected in the muscles of pigs and the distributions of these selenium species were greatly affected by the dietary selenium supplementation forms and levels. Selenomethionine (>70% of total selenium) and selenocystine (>11%) were the major selenium species, followed by methylselenocysteine and selenourea. Therefore, selenium-enriched pork produced from selenomethionine is a good source for improving human dietary selenium intake.
|
['Animals', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cystine', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Food Analysis', 'Male', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Organoselenium Compounds', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Selenious Acid', 'Selenium', 'Selenium Compounds', 'Selenocysteine', 'Selenomethionine', 'Swine', 'Urea']
| 31,437,711
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390.369', 'D01.875.350.850.150.369', 'D02.886.030.230.369', 'D02.886.520.150.087', 'D12.125.095.369', 'D12.125.119.369', 'D12.125.166.230.369'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['E05.196.566'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D02.731'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D01.810.900'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700'], ['D01.810'], ['D02.731.600', 'D02.886.030.230.700', 'D12.125.166.230.700'], ['D02.731.700', 'D02.886.030.676.900', 'D12.125.166.676.900'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Apocrine carcinoma of the breast--a morphologic comparison of the apocrine sweat glands and the apocrine metaplastic epithelia in mastopathy].
|
An operatively removed apocrine carcinoma of the breast from a 62-year-old Japanese lady has been observed by the ABC method, using the monoclonal antibody 115D8. The cancer cells and metaplastic epithelia exhibited similar ultrastructural findings (an apical snout, apocrine granules, etc.) as the apocrine sweat gland cells, although no evidence of apocrine secretion could be detected. The immunohistochemical testing, using monoclonal antibody, 115D8, showed an apical, linear, dot-like, staining in the supranuclear regions on the apocrine sweat gland cells and on the apocrine metaplastic cells of the mammary gland. Similar stainability also was observed in the well-differentiated area of the apocrine carcinoma, while a heterogeneity in staining, such as unstained cells and diffuse cytoplasmic-stained cells were found in the poorly-differentiated areas. These abnormal staining patterns indicate the malignant changes of the apocrine cells.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Apocrine Glands', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma', 'Epithelium', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Metaplasia', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucin-1', 'Sweat Gland Neoplasms', 'Sweat Glands']
| 3,398,262
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A10.336.899.206', 'A17.815.830.206'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['A10.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['C23.550.589'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.395.550.560', 'D12.776.395.560.631.115', 'D12.776.543.550.530', 'D23.050.285.050.300', 'D23.050.550.325.300', 'D23.101.140.075.300'], ['C04.588.805.776', 'C17.800.882.743', 'C17.800.946.743'], ['A10.336.899', 'A17.815.830']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Antifouling Lipid Membranes over Protein A for Orientation-Controlled Immunosensing in Undiluted Serum and Plasma.
|
An important advance in biosensor research is the extension and application of laboratory-developed methodologies toward clinical diagnostics, though the propensity toward nonspecific binding of materials in clinically relevant matrices, such as human blood serum and plasma, frequently leads to compromised assays. Several surface chemistries have been developed to minimize nonspecific interactions of proteins and other biological components found within blood and serum samples, though these often exhibit substantially variable outcomes. Herein we report a surface chemistry consisting of a charged-matched supported lipid membrane that has been tailored to form over a gold surface functionalized with protein A. Fine tuning of the interfacial charge of this membrane, along with rational selection of a backfilling self-assembled monolayer, allows for high surface coverage with retention of orientation-controlled capture antibody attachment. We demonstrate using surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) that this highly charged lipid membrane is antifouling, allowing for complete removal of nonspecific human serum and plasma components using only a mild buffer rinse, which we attribute to unique steric interactions with the underlying surface. Furthermore, this surface chemistry is successfully applied for specific detection of IgG and cholera toxin in undiluted human biofluids with negligible sacrifice of SPR signal compared to buffered analysis. This novel lipid membrane interface over protein A may open new avenues for direct biosensing of disease markers within clinical samples.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Immobilized', 'Cholera Toxin', 'Gold', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Mice', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Phosphatidylglycerols', 'Proof of Concept Study', 'Staphylococcal Protein A']
| 31,262,175
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.207', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.207', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.207', 'D12.776.463.250'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.180', 'D23.946.123.194', 'D23.946.330.150'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['D12.644.541.500.650', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.885'], ['H01.770.644.578'], ['D12.776.097.820', 'D23.050.161.821']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Behaving as or behaving as if? Children's conceptions of personified robots and the emergence of a new ontological category.
|
Imagining another's perspective is an achievement in social cognition and underlies empathic concern and moral regard. Imagination is also within the realm of fantasy, and may take the form of imaginary play in children and imaginative production in adults. Yet, an interesting and provocative question emerges in the case of personified robots: How do people conceive of life-like robots? Do people imagine about robots' experiences? If so, do these imaginings reflect their actual or pretend beliefs about robots? The answers to these questions bear on the possibility that personified robots represent the emergence of a new ontological category. We draw on simulation theory as a framework for imagining others' internal states as well as a means for imaginative play. We then turn to the literature on people's and, in particular, children's conceptions of personified technologies and raise the question of the veracity of children's beliefs about personified robots (i.e., are they behaving as or behaving as if?). Finally, we consider the suggestion that such personified technologies represent the emergence of a new ontological category and offer some suggestions for future research in this important emerging area of social cognition.
|
['Adult', 'Child', 'Child Behavior', 'Child Development', 'Cognition', 'Computer Simulation', 'Computers', 'Empathy', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Play and Playthings', 'Robotics', 'Social Behavior']
| 20,851,571
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.145.179'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['F02.463.188'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.224.230.260'], ['F01.752.355', 'F01.752.543.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['I03.450.642.693'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630'], ['F01.145.813']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Delayed complications thirty-six years after hemispherectomy: a case report.
|
PURPOSE: To describe a late complication of hemispherectomy in a patient in whom symptoms of hydrocephalus developed 36 years after her left-sided hemispherectomy, the longest delay on record.METHODS: Hemispherectomy has been successfully used in the treatment of intractable epilepsy associated with infantile-type hemiplegia for a half century. Of the patients, however, up to 33% have late increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure complications attributed to superficial cerebral hemosiderosis. Through a retrospective case analysis, we describe such complications in a 52-year-old woman with cognitive impairment, gait instability, urinary incontinence, and right hemineglect 36 years after her initial procedure.RESULTS: Quantitative, objective measures of cognition and gait-laboratory testing confirmed the patient's favorable clinical response to ventriculoperitoneal shunting, as well as the complete resolution of her symptoms, including the atypical occurrence of right-sided hemineglect.CONCLUSIONS: This case uniquely demonstrates the clinical features of a late complication of hemispherectomy while documenting the longest reported delay for developing such adverse sequelae. We also emphasize the need for more extensive follow-up studies to assess the extent of posthemispherectomy complications.
|
['Brain', 'Brain Diseases', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Functional Laterality', 'Hemosiderosis', 'Humans', 'Hydrocephalus', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt']
| 8,764,815
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['C18.452.565.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.602'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.035.188.850', 'E04.525.170.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The Greek version of the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-31).
|
This study is presenting the translation and cultural adaptation into Greek of the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-31). We adapted the QOLIE-31 to Greek through a procedure of translation-back-translation. Sixty-three patients were interviewed and completed the QOLIE-31 and the GHQ questionnaires. We re-examined a subset of them after a period of 2-5 weeks to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the questionnaire. We assessed the convergent validity by comparison of the QOLIE-31 and the GHQ and QOLIE-31 subscales and external measures. Discriminative validity was evaluated using the method of known-groups comparisons. The internal consistency was high for the QOLIE-31 and its' subscales (Cronbach's alpha 0.92 and 0.59-0.83 respectively). Test-retest reliability was acceptable (intra-class correlation coefficient 0.49-0.89 and Pearson's coefficient 0.53-0.92) for the group of patients who were re-examined. Comparison of the QOLIE-31 and GHQ scores showed agreement between the two questionnaires (Pearson's coefficient -0.61). We demonstrated the discriminative validity by the difference in the QOLIE-31 scores between patients with different seizure frequencies and different employment status. We concluded that the Greek version of the QOLIE-31 has psychometric properties equivalent to those of the original American-English version and is a valid and reliable instrument.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Greece', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychometrics', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 16,721,643
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.780'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
In Utero Exposure to Benzo[a]pyrene Induces Ovarian Mutations at Doses That Deplete Ovarian Follicles in Mice.
|
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons like benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants formed during incomplete combustion of organic materials. Our prior work showed that transplacental exposure to BaP depletes ovarian follicles and increases prevalence of epithelial ovarian tumors later in life. We used the MutaMouse transgenic rodent model to address the hypothesis that ovarian mutations play a role in tumorigenesis caused by prenatal exposure to BaP. Pregnant MutaMouse females were treated with 0, 10, 20, or 40 mg/(kg day) BaP orally on gestational days 7-16, covering critical windows of ovarian development. Female offspring were euthanized at 10 weeks of age; some ovaries with oviducts were processed for follicle counting; other ovaries/oviducts and bone marrow were processed for determination of lacZ mutant frequency (MF). Mutant plaques were pooled within dose groups and sequenced to determine the mutation spectrum. BaP exposure caused highly significant dose-related decreases in ovarian follicles and increases in ovarian/oviductal and bone marrow mutant frequencies at all doses. Absence of follicles, cell packets, and epithelial tubular structures were observed with 20 and 40 mg/(kg day) BaP. Depletion of ovarian germ cells was inversely associated with ovarian MF. BaP induced primarily G > T and G > C transversions and deletions in ovaries/oviducts and bone marrow cells and produced a mutation signature highly consistent with that of tobacco smoking in human cancers. Overall, our results show that prenatal BaP exposure significantly depletes ovarian germ cells, causes histopathological abnormalities, and increases the burden of ovarian/oviductal mutations, which may be involved in pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian tumors. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:410-420, 2019. © 2018 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada.
|
['Animals', 'Benzo(a)pyrene', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Female', 'Lac Operon', 'Maternal Exposure', 'Maternal-Fetal Exchange', 'Mice', 'Mutagens', 'Mutation', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects']
| 30,353,947
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.799.306.300', 'D04.615.799.306.300'], ['D27.888.284'], ['G05.360.340.024.686.545', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.545'], ['N06.850.460.350.145'], ['G08.686.784.769.455'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Domains of p85cdc10 required for function of the fission yeast DSC-1 factor.
|
p85cdc10 is a component of the S.pombe DSC-1 complex, which is thought to mediate periodic transcription of genes in late G1. In order to understand the role of p85cdc10 in the function of this complex, we have analysed which domains of p85cdc10 are required for biological activity and the formation of a stable DSC-1 complex in vitro, both in cdc10 temperature sensitive and null backgrounds. No DSC-1 activity is found in the absence of p85cdc10 and the activity of the complex is reduced or absent in all cdc10ts mutants tested. Full biological activity and rescue of a cdc10::ura4+ null allele requires the N-terminal domain, the cdc10/SWI6 repeats and the helical C-terminal region. In the absence of p85cdc10, both the C-terminal and cdc10/SWI6 repeat domains are required for DSC-1 activity in vitro. In a cdc10ts background, rescue of DSC-1 activity and complementation of mutants, requires only expression of the C-terminal domain, though the presence of the cdc10/SWI6 motifs enhances its activity. The N-terminal domain, alone, or in combination with the cdc10/SWI6 motifs, does not have biological activity, and does not restore DSC-1 activity. We conclude that both the C-terminal domain of p85cdc10 is critical for formation of the DSC-1 complex and that the cdc10/SWI6 motifs also play a role, perhaps by stabilizing the complex. Our data also suggest that the S.pombe DSC-1 complex contains more than one molecule of p85cdc10.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Fungal Proteins', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'Kinetics', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Schizosaccharomyces', 'Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins', 'Temperature', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 8,367,276
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.167'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D05'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['B01.300.107.797', 'B01.300.930.720'], ['D12.776.354.875'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Knowledge and occupational hazards of barbers in the transmission of hepatitis B and C was low in Kumasi, Ghana.
|
INTRODUCTION: Blood borne viral hepatitis transmission still ranges between 4-20% in many Ghanaian communities. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) also called liver cancer is reported as the leading cause of cancer mortality among males in Ghana. We studied the knowledge and risk factors associated with barbers' occupation in the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV).METHODS: A randomized cross-sectional survey of 200 barbershops was conducted in Kumasi between January and August 2013. Barbershops, which operated continuously for more than 8 months, were selected for the study. Structured questionnaires were administered to the study participants. Data was entered and analysed in Microsoft Excel spread sheet and SPSS v12. The percentage value of each question was calculated.RESULTS: All the barbers involved in this study used a new razor blade on every client and claimed to sterilize the hair trimmers after use on every client. The methods of sterilization; 46.5% of the barbers used the ultraviolet radiation sterilizer cabinet, 29% used 70% alcohol and 23% used antiseptic solutions. More than thirty-six percent (36.5%) and 5% of the barbers had heard of HBV and HCV respectively. Only 7% and none knew the route of transmission of HBV and HCV respectively, whereas 7% knew sharing razor blade or hair trimmer could transmit both HBV and HCV. More so, 2% knew HBV and HCV could cause cancer and 2% had received the HBV vaccine. The majority of barbers (63%) had education up to the junior secondary school level. None of the barbers used a new apron nor washed their hands after work on each client.CONCLUSION: Awareness of barbers about HBV or HCV and job-related factors contributing to spread of infections was very poor among the vast majority of the barbers studied. Thus, giving training for the barbers is required toward prevention of blood- borne infections associated to their profession.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Barbering', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Equipment Contamination', 'Ghana', 'Hand Disinfection', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Vaccines', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Literacy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sampling Studies', 'Sterilization', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Vaccination', 'Young Adult']
| 26,161,183
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['J01.576.082'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N06.850.540'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['N06.850.670.150.500'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['D20.215.894.899.955.400'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.429', 'N01.824.196.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.875', 'N05.715.360.330.875', 'N06.850.520.450.875'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Prognostic value of p27(Kip1) and CyclinD1 expression in esophageal cancer.
|
It has recently been reported that the reduced expression of p27(Kip1) is a negative prognostic marker in several carcinomas. In this study, we examined the expression of p27(Kip1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas in order to understand its prognostic role. We also examined the expression of cyclinD1, which is believed to be correlated with the prognosis. Of the 128 cases, 64 cases (50.0%) showed low grade p27(Kip1) immunostaining and 64 cases (50.0%) high grade immunostaining; there was no significant difference in survival (p = 0.0915) between the two groups. On the other hand, 51 of the 156 cases (32.7%) were classified as the high cyclinD1 group, and 105 of the 156 cases (67.3%) as the low group, thus representing prognostic significance with regard to survival (p = 0.0161). Multivariate analysis indicated that gender, lymph node metastasis and positive cyclinD1 were independent prognostic factors. Our results revealed that cyclinD1 was a significant prognostic predictor of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, whereas p27(Kip1) was not a significant prognostic factor.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cyclin D1', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinases', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Analysis', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins']
| 10,575,318
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D12.776.167'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.100', 'D12.776.167.218.150.100', 'D12.776.476.262.150.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.100'], ['D12.644.360.225.600', 'D12.776.167.187.600', 'D12.776.476.225.600', 'D12.776.624.776.355.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500', 'D12.644.360.250', 'D12.776.167.200', 'D12.776.476.250'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D12.776.624.776']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Intestinal alpha beta T cells differentiate and rearrange antigen receptor genes in situ in the human infant.
|
Intestinal Ag exposure during neonatal life influences appropriate adult immune responses. To define the mechanisms shaping the T cell repertoire during this period, we examined T cell differentiation and receptor diversity in the intestine of human infants. Developmental phenotypes of intraepithelial and lamina propria intestinal T cells from infants aged 1 day to 2 years were assessed ex vivo by flow cytometry and in situ by triple-fluorescent immunohistochemistry. Gene recombination-specific enzymes were assessed by PCR. TCR beta-chain V region gene diversity was determined by sequencing. Several different early lineage T cell populations were present neonatally: CD3(+)4(-)8(-) T cells were present at birth and numbers decreased during the neonatal period; CD3(+)4(+)8(+) T cells were present in low numbers throughout infancy; and CD3(+)4(+)8(-) or CD3(+)4(-)8(+) T cells increased with age. Very early lineage T cells, CD3(-)2(-)7(+) and CD3(-)2(+)7(+), were present neonatally, but were essentially absent at 1 year. Most lamina propria T cells differentiated rapidly after birth, but maturation of intraepithelial T cells took place over 1 year. Intestinal samples from infants less than 6 mo old contained transcripts of T early alpha and TdT, and 15 of 19 infant samples contained mRNA for RAG-1, some coexpressing RAG-2. TCR beta-chain repertoires were polyclonal in infants. Immature T cells, pre-T cells, and genes involved in T cell recombination were found in the intestine during infancy. T cell differentiation occurs within the neonatal human intestine, and the TCR repertoire of these developing immature T cells is likely to be influenced by luminal Ags. Thus, mucosal T cell responsiveness to environmental Ag is shaped in situ during early life.
|
['Adolescent', 'Aging', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Child, Preschool', 'Clone Cells', 'Gene Rearrangement, alpha-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor', 'Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Intestine, Large', 'Intestine, Small', 'Lymphocyte Count', 'Organ Specificity', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Stem Cells', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets']
| 15,585,840
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G07.345.124'], ['G04.152'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.251.353'], ['G05.344.801.111', 'G12.500.287.111'], ['G05.344.801.211', 'G12.500.287.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['A03.556.124.526', 'A03.556.249.249'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500', 'G04.140.107.595.500', 'G09.188.105.595.500'], ['G07.650'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.825'], ['G05.728'], ['A11.872'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical significance of occult micrometastases in axillary lymph nodes in "node-negative" breast cancer patients.
|
The most important subgroup of breast cancer patients for whom reliable prognostic indicators are needed is women without axillary lymph node metastases. We evaluated the clinical significance of occult micrometastases in axillary lymph nodes in 148 consecutive "node-negative" breast cancer patients. The median age of the patients at surgery was 52 years and the median follow-up period after surgery was 98.5 months. Occult micrometastases were detected in 21 of 148 patients (14.2%) by means of immunohistochemical analysis using AE1 / 3 antibody and a single unstained section after routine histopathological examination. Log-rank tests indicated that the 7-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates by Kaplan-Meier methods were significantly better in patients without occult micrometastases than in patients with occult micrometastases [DFS, 93% versus 71% (P = 0.0009); OS, 96% versus 76% (P = 0.0001)]. According to Cox's multivariate analysis, the presence of occult micrometastases had the most significant effect on DFS (P = 0.0053) and OS (P = 0.0035). These findings suggest that the presence of occult micrometastases is an independent and significant predictor of clinical outcome, and that their immunohistochemical detection after routine histopathological examination is useful for selecting the "node-negative" breast cancer patient subgroup at high risk for relapse and death.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Recurrence', 'Time Factors']
| 12,079,518
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pathogen variation and urea influence selection and success of Streptomyces mixtures in biological control.
|
Success in biological control of plant diseases remains inconsistent in the field. A collection of well-characterized Streptomyces antagonists (n = 19 isolates) was tested for their capacities to inhibit pathogenic Streptomyces scabies (n = 15 isolates). There was significant variation among antagonists in ability to inhibit pathogen isolates and among pathogens in their susceptibility to inhibition. Only one antagonist could inhibit all pathogens, and antagonist-pathogen interactions were highly specific, highlighting the limitations of single-strain inoculum in biological control. However, the collection of pathogens could be inhibited by several combinations of antagonists, suggesting the potential for successful antagonist mixtures. Urea generally increased effectiveness of antagonists at inhibiting pathogens in vitro (increased mean inhibition zones) but its specific effects varied among antagonist-pathogen combinations. In greenhouse trials, urea enhanced the effectiveness of antagonist mixtures relative to individual antagonists in controlling potato scab. Although antagonist mixtures were frequently antagonistic in the absence of urea, all n= 2 and n = 3 antagonist-isolate combinations were synergistic in the presence of urea. This work provides insights into the efficacy of single- versus multiple-strain inocula in biological control and on the potential for nutrients to influence mixture success.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antibiosis', 'Biological Control Agents', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Phenotype', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Tubers', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Solanum tuberosum', 'Streptomyces', 'Urea']
| 23,035,630
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G06.550.050', 'G16.062'], ['D20.215.113'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['G05.695'], ['G15.610'], ['A18.400.625'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.777'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768', 'B03.510.024.997.775', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Final report of the FOPE II Financing of Pediatric Education Workgroup.
|
Some of the challenges of financing pediatric medical education are shared with all medical education; others are specific to pediatrics. The general disadvantage that funding of graduate medical education (GME) is linked to reimbursement for clinical care has uniquely negative consequences for freestanding children's hospitals because they therefore receive little Medicare GME support. This represents both a competitive disadvantage for such hospitals and an aggregate federal underinvestment in children's health care that now amounts to billions of dollars. The need to subsidize medical student and subspecialty education with clinical practice revenue jeopardizes both activities in pediatric departments already burdened by inadequate reimbursement for children's health care and the extra costs of ambulatory care. The challenges of funding are complicated by rising costs as curriculum expands and clinical education moves to ambulatory settings. Controversies over prioritization of resources are inevitable. Solutions require specification of costs of education and a durable mechanism for building consensus within the pediatric community. Pediatrics 2000;106(suppl):1256-1269; medical student education, continuing medical education, medical subspecialties, children, pediatrics, health maintenance organizations, managed care, hospital finances, children's hospitals.
|
['Child', 'Education, Medical', 'Education, Medical, Continuing', 'Health Maintenance Organizations', 'Humans', 'Managed Care Programs', 'Medicare', 'Pediatrics', 'Specialization', 'United States']
| 11,073,555
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['I02.358.399'], ['I02.358.212.350', 'I02.358.399.250'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.800.400', 'N03.219.521.576.343.925.400', 'N04.452.758.244.425', 'N04.590.374.410.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.800', 'N04.590.374.410'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['H02.403.670'], ['H02.811'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Problems in assessment of acute melatonin overdose.
|
Melatonin is sold in the United States as a dietary supplement and is promoted primarily as an aid for insomnia, stress, jet lag, and aging. Cases of acute poisoning have not been reported, partially because of problems in assessment of toxicity. We report the case of a 66-year-old man who became lethargic and disoriented after taking 24 mg melatonin to aid relaxation and sleep the evening before prostate surgery. He recovered uneventfully, and after the scheduled surgery he resumed his regular practice of taking 6 mg melatonin with prescription sedative drugs. Although melatonin is not regulated as a drug, it may interact with benzodiazepines, be antagonized by naloxone and flumazenil, and interact with melatonin receptors in the central nervous system and elsewhere in the body. Melatonin appears to be pharmacologically active and should not be considered a benign agent on overdose.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Aged', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Drug Overdose', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Melatonin']
| 9,114,843
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.171'], ['C25.775.383', 'E02.319.306.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of chronic kidney disease on patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease treated with coronary artery bypass grafting or drug-eluting stents.
|
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents (DESs) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease patients with and without chronic kidney disease.BACKGROUND: The optimal coronary revascularization strategy for ULMCA disease patients with chronic kidney disease remains uncertain.METHODS: The sample included 818 ULMCA disease patients who received DESs (n=358) or underwent CABG (n=460). We retrospectively compared clinical parameters and outcomes between different endogenous creatinine clearance rates [estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs), ml/min?1.73 m].RESULTS: The incidences of major adverse cardiocerebral events, all-cause death, cardiac death, and stroke were not significantly different between the DES and the CABG groups. The DES group had significantly higher risks of myocardial infarction (MI) and target vessel revascularization than the CABG group. Compared with the CABG group, the hazard ratios for target vessel revascularization were 3.965 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.743-9.023, P=0.001] in the eGFR of at least 60 group and 46.463 (95% CI: 4.558-473.639, P=0.001) in the eGFR 45-59 group. The rate of MI was higher in patients treated with DESs in the eGFR of less than 45 group (hazard ratio: 14.098, 95% CI: 1.123-176.988, P=0.040).CONCLUSION: For patients with ULMCA disease at risk of higher repeat revascularization with normal renal function or eGFR of at least 45 ml/min?1.73 m, DESs are a safe alternative to CABG. However, for patients with severely reduced kidney function (eGFR<45 ml/min?1.73 m), DESs should be selected after careful evaluation of MI risk.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Cause of Death', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Creatinine', 'Drug-Eluting Stents', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Percutaneous Coronary Intervention', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Stroke', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,269,882
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['E07.695.750.500'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E04.100.814.529.968', 'E04.502.382.968'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Methionine oxidation in albumin by fine haze particulate matter: an in vitro and in vivo study.
|
The potential effects of inhaled fine particulate matter (PM2.5), found in haze episodes, on the oxidation of the proteins in the lungs are not well understood. We investigated the effects of PM2.5 from haze episodes on protein oxidation. PM2.5 was collected from the air pollution in Beijing (BJ), Xian (XA), Xiamen (XM) and Hong Kong (HK) during a period of intensive haze episodes. The chemical characteristics of these samples and their effects on albumin oxidation were investigated. The levels of PM2.5 in BJ and XA were 4-6 times higher than in XM and HK. The concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) components of the PM2.5 from BJ and XA were 10 times higher than those found in XM and HK. The haze PM2.5 increased oxidative stress. Addition of PM2.5 samples collected from haze episodes to albumin in vitro resulted in oxidation of methionine moieties; nasal instillation of PM2.5 suspensions in mice resulted in oxidation of methionine in the albumin in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The methionine moieties participate in peptide chain crosslinking, and methionine oxidation in the albumin could be attributed to the PAH compounds. Our findings may be helpful in explaining the potential respiratory effects during haze episodes.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Albumins', 'Animals', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Methionine', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Particulate Matter', 'Peptides', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 24,801,896
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['D12.776.034'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D20.633'], ['D12.644'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adverse psychologic responses of the elderly to critical illness.
|
Afflicting as many as 80% of critically ill elderly (older than 65 years) patients, adverse psychologic reactions (e.g., acute confusional states) to critical illness and its treatment present a unique challenge to medical and nursing intensive care practitioners. Additionally, the consequences of these adverse psychologic reactions financially strain health-care organizations, placing additional constraints on the delivery of health-care services. This article presents information regarding the origins of these adverse psychologic reactions and nursing strategies for the prevention, identification, and management of these clinical states. With such information, nurses who work in critical care units may be better equipped to identify and care for patients at risk of or experiencing an adverse psychologic reaction to critical illness.
|
['Aged', 'Critical Illness', 'Geriatric Nursing', 'Health Facility Environment', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 1,554,572
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.625'], ['H02.478.676.236', 'N02.421.533.245'], ['N02.278.220', 'N05.300.430.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Occurrence of Ochratoxin A in the wild boar (Sus scrofa): chemical and histological analysis.
|
Ochratoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that may contaminate a broad variety of foodstuffs, such as grains, vegetables, coffee, dried fruits, beer, wine and meats. Ochratoxins are nephrotoxins, carcinogens, teratogens and immunotoxins in rats and are also likely to be in humans. In 2009/2010, a survey of the presence of Ochratoxin A (OTA) in regularly hunted wild boars in the Calabria region of southern Italy detected OTA in 23 animals in the kidney, urinary bladder, liver and muscles: 1.1 ± 1.15, 0.6 ± 0.58, 0.5 ± 0.54 and 0.3 ± 0.26 μg/kg, respectively. Twelve tissue samples showed levels of OTA higher than the guideline level (1 μg/kg) established by the Italian Ministry of Health. In five wild boars, gross-microscopic lesions were described for the organs displaying the highest concentrations of OTA determined by HPLC-FLD analysis, i.e., the kidney, liver and urinary bladder.
|
['Animals', 'Carcinogens', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Food Contamination', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Meat', 'Muscles', 'Ochratoxins', 'Sus scrofa', 'Urinary Bladder']
| 23,211,797
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.800.500', 'D03.633.100.150.446.800.500', 'D23.946.587.697'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880.399'], ['A05.810.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Canine hepatocyte growth factor: molecular cloning and characterization of the recombinant protein.
|
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine originally identified and cloned as a potent mitogen for hepatocytes. The HGF receptor is the transmembrane tyrosine kinase encoded by c-MET proto-oncogene. Various lines of evidence suggest that the HGF/c-MET receptor system plays essential roles in monocyte-macrophage function, mammalian development, angiogenesis and organ regeneration. We have cloned canine HGF (CaHGF) cDNA from leukocytes by the methods of reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Canine HGF contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 2193 nucleotides, coding for 730 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of canine HGF shows 97.5, 92.3, 92.1, and 92.0% homologies with those of feline, human, mouse, and rat, respectively. The possible glycosylation sites, cysteine residues linking the alpha and beta chains and the proteolytic processing site are conserved in all species. In addition, we have found a variant cDNA that deleted a sequence of 15 base pairs in the first kringle domain (K1) and resulted in the deletion of five amino acids. To confirm the biological activities of canine HGF cDNAs, both cDNAs were transiently expressed in COS-7 cells. The conditioned medium from the canine HGF-transfected COS-7 cells stimulated the growth of BNL CL.2 cells (a mouse hepatocyte cell) and scattering activity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The materials reported here will be a crucial resource for further studies of canine HGF.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'COS Cells', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Culture Media, Conditioned', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dogs', 'Hepatocyte Growth Factor', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 12,963,274
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D27.720.470.305.250', 'E07.206.250'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D12.644.276.374.420', 'D12.776.467.374.420', 'D23.529.374.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of the regressive models in linkage analysis of quantitative traits.
|
Use of the regressive models to account for residual familial correlations in linkage analysis of complex quantitative traits can increase the power to detect linkage. This is especially observed when the effect of the gene to be mapped is small or when the residual correlations are substantial.
|
['Chromosome Mapping', 'Computer Simulation', 'Genetic Diseases, Inborn', 'Genetic Linkage', 'Humans', 'Lod Score', 'Models, Genetic', 'Monte Carlo Method']
| 8,314,065
|
[['E05.393.183'], ['L01.224.160'], ['C16.320'], ['G05.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.348.750'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Copy number increases of transposable elements and protein-coding genes in an invasive fish of hybrid origin.
|
Evolutionary dynamics of structural genetic variation in lineages of hybrid origin is not well explored, although structural mutations may increase in controlled hybrid crosses. We therefore tested whether structural variants accumulate in a fish of recent hybrid origin, invasive Cottus, relative to both parental species Cottus rhenanus and Cottus perifretum. Copy-number variation in exons of 10,979 genes was assessed using comparative genome hybridization arrays. Twelve genes showed significantly higher copy numbers in invasive Cottus compared to both parents. This coincided with increased expression for three genes related to vision, detoxification and muscle development, suggesting possible gene dosage effects. Copy number increases of putative transposons were assessed by comparative mapping of genomic DNA reads against a de novo assembly of 1,005 repetitive elements. In contrast to exons, copy number increases of repetitive elements were common (20.7%) in invasive Cottus, whereas decrease was very rare (0.01%). Among the increased repetitive elements, 53.8% occurred at higher numbers in C. perifretum compared to C. rhenanus, while only 1.4% were more abundant in C. rhenanus. This implies a biased mutational process that amplifies genetic material from one ancestor. To assess the frequency of de novo mutations through hybridization, we screened 64 laboratory-bred F2 offspring between the parental species for copy-number changes at five candidate loci. We found no evidence for new structural variants, indicating that they are too rare to be detected given our sampling scheme. Instead, they must have accumulated over more generations than we observed in a controlled cross.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'DNA Copy Number Variations', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Hybridization, Genetic', 'Introduced Species', 'Perciformes']
| 28,390,096
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['G05.365.795.297.500'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['E05.820.150.390', 'G05.090.390'], ['B01.050.050.580', 'G16.500.275.157.049.400', 'N06.230.124.049.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[The comparative study of renogram both in case of dehydration and hydration (author's transl)].
|
In order to study the merit or demerit of the dehydration or hydration as the preparation of renographic examination, the following 25 cases--11 cases of uterine cancer, 2 cases of breast cancer, a case of esophageal cancer, pharyngeal cancer, maxillary cancer, salivary gland tumor, leiomyosarcoma of uterus and others are examined by renography using 131I-hippurate. Renogram is performed in case of patient's dehydration and followed in case of patient's hydration with 600 ml of water intake. Renographic findings such as Tmax, T1/2, HB/HA and step-like pattern are studied as a parameter. Following 600 ml water intake, Tmax is significantly shortened and the step-like pattern is disappeared. This study is strongly suggested that patient's hydration is significantly necessary in the performance of renogram as the preparatory procedure.
|
['Aged', 'Drinking', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radioisotope Renography', 'Water Deprivation']
| 7,384,571
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.203.650.283.249', 'G10.261.330.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.710.715.700', 'E01.370.384.730.715.700', 'E01.370.390.400.700'], ['F01.658.938']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A study of voice production characteristics of astronuat speech during Apollo 11 for speaker modeling in space.
|
Human physiology has evolved to accommodate environmental conditions, including temperature, pressure, and air chemistry unique to Earth. However, the environment in space varies significantly compared to that on Earth and, therefore, variability is expected in astronauts' speech production mechanism. In this study, the variations of astronaut voice characteristics during the NASA Apollo 11 mission are analyzed. Specifically, acoustical features such as fundamental frequency and phoneme formant structure that are closely related to the speech production system are studied. For a further understanding of astronauts' vocal tract spectrum variation in space, a maximum likelihood frequency warping based analysis is proposed to detect the vocal tract spectrum displacement during space conditions. The results from fundamental frequency, formant structure, as well as vocal spectrum displacement indicate that astronauts change their speech production mechanism when in space. Moreover, the experimental results for astronaut voice identification tasks indicate that current speaker recognition solutions are highly vulnerable to astronaut voice production variations in space conditions. Future recommendations from this study suggest that successful applications of speaker recognition during extended space missions require robust speaker modeling techniques that could effectively adapt to voice production variation caused by diverse space conditions.
|
['Acoustics', 'Astronauts', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Space Flight', 'Speech Acoustics', 'Speech Production Measurement', 'Time Factors', 'Voice Quality', 'Weightlessness']
| 28,372,057
|
[['H01.671.031'], ['M01.526.173'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.937.285.850'], ['G11.561.812.650', 'G11.561.820'], ['E01.370.760'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G09.772.925.960'], ['G01.060.350.369.400.900']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Association of STAT6 and ADAM33 single nucleotide polymorphisms with asthma bronchiale and IgE level and its possible epigenetic background.
|
BACKGROUND: ADAM33 and STAT6 belong to the candidate genes that have been commonly associated with asthma, bronchial hyperresponsiveness or IgE levels. Our objective was to assess the association of 11 SNPs of the ADAM33 and 6 of the STAT6 and their haplotypes with IgE levels and asthma. We also evaluated the possible role of parental origin of haplotypes on IgE levels.METHODS: We enrolled 109 children with asthma and 45 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by TaqMan probes and confirmed by sequencing. Haplotype construction was based on the knowledge of parental genotypes and also inferred by using the EM algorithm and Bayes' theorem.RESULTS: None of the SNPs were associated with elevated IgE level or asthma. We found that the most frequent STAT6 haplotype ATTCAA (built from rs324012, rs324011, rs841718, rs3024974, rs3024974, rs4559 SNPs, respectively) was associated with elevated total IgE levels (P=0.01) and this haplotype was predominantly transmitted paternally (P<0.001). We compared our results with those of studies performed on German and Australian Caucasian populations and found that rs324011, rs3024974 and rs4559 SNPs in STAT6 should have a major effect on IgE levels. Therefore, we suggest the TCA haplotype alone (built from rs324011, rs3024974 and rs4559 SNPs, respectively) in STAT6 is associated with total IgE elevation.CONCLUSIONS: The influence of paternal origin of the STAT6 haplotype on IgE levels is surprising but the exact role of possible paternal imprinting in STAT6 regulation should be investigated and confirmed in future studies.
|
['ADAM Proteins', 'Adolescent', 'Asthma', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Epigenomics', 'Female', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Male', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'STAT6 Transcription Factor', 'Young Adult']
| 22,660,217
|
[['D08.811.277.656.675.374.102', 'D09.400.430.500', 'D12.776.395.033'], ['M01.060.057'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['H01.158.273.180.350.074', 'H01.158.273.343.350.042'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D12.644.360.024.342.600', 'D12.776.157.057.186.600', 'D12.776.476.024.430.600', 'D12.776.930.840.600'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Quality of life of occupationally active people, aged 45-60, living in the Polish industrial region (Silesian agglomeration)].
|
BACKGROUND: Among the most important determinants of quality of life are socio-economic factors, including economic activity and support of family, environmental and indoor related factors, infrastructure and air quality. The aim of this publication is to identify the factors that determine the quality of life of economically active adults in the industrial agglomeration of Poland.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The epidemiological cross-sectional study was carried out among the economically active population of the Silesian Agglomeration. A short version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to ascertain the quality of life of individuals. Furthermore, the software Statistica 9.0 was used to provide analytical and descriptive statistical data. The influence of age, gender, education, type of activity and living environment were used to assess the quality of life in the somatic, psychological, social and environmental domains.RESULTS: It was found that among the important determinants of quality of life in economically active population, aged 45-60 years, living in the industrial agglomeration, were primarily marital status, education level and the current state of health. The data evidenced the worst quality of life among unmarried persons, persons with lower education levels and persons diagnosed with cardio- or respiratory diseases.CONCLUSIONS: There is a need to develop health conducive behavior among workers by providing training cycles with the involvement of staff supervising occupational health and safety. These types of actions can contribute to improving the quality of life of the working population.
|
['Attitude to Health', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Health', 'Occupations', 'Poland', 'Quality of Life', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 22,312,959
|
[['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.488'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.400.525'], ['N01.824.547'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Phylogenetic relationships of yellowjackets inferred from nine loci (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Vespinae, Vespula and Dolichovespula).
|
Eusociality has arisen repeatedly and independently in the history of insects, often leading to evolutionary success and ecological dominance. Eusocial wasps of the genera Vespula and Dolichovespula, or yellowjackets, have developed advanced social traits in a relatively small number of species. The origin of traits such as effective paternity and colony size has been interpreted with reference to an established phylogenetic hypothesis that is based on phenotypic data, while the application of molecular evidence to phylogenetic analysis within yellowjackets has been limited. Here, we investigate the evolutionary history of yellowjackets on the basis of mitochondrial and nuclear markers (nuclear: 28S, EF1á, Pol II, and wg; mitochondrial: 12S, 16S, COI, COII, and Cytb). We use these data to test the monophyly of yellowjackets and species groups, and resolve species-level relationships within each genus using parsimony and Bayesian inference. Our results indicate that a yellowjacket clade is either weakly supported (parsimony) or rejected (Bayesian inference). However, the monophyly of each yellowjacket genus as well as species groups are strongly supported and concordant between methods. Our results agree with previous studies regarding the monophyly of the Vespula vulgaris group and the sister relationship between the V. rufa and V. squamosa groups. This suggests convergence of large colony size and high effective paternity in the vulgaris group and V. squamosa, or a single origin of both traits in the most recent common ancestor of all Vespula species and their evolutionary reversal in the rufa group.
|
['Animals', 'Bayes Theorem', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Genetic Loci', 'Genetic Markers', 'Phylogeny', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Wasps']
| 24,462,637
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['G05.360.340.024.380'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Adherence of bacterial to vaginal epithelial cells.
|
Vaginal epithelial cells from healthy women were washed and incubated in tissue culture medium with freshly isolated bacteria of the indigenous vaginal flora and with bacteria of species that have been discussed in conjunction with genital infections. After incubation and washing, the number of bacteria that adhered per cell was determined. The influence on the attachment rate of such factors as variations in the washing procedure, bacterial density, and incubation time was assessed. Lactobacillus acidophilus and other bacterial species that occur in the lower genital tract of healthy women, e.g., some strictly anaerobic species, adhered by significantly lower numbers per cell than Neisseria gonorrhoeae, group B streptococci, and Corynebacterium vaginale. Significantly more freshly isolated gonococci adhered per cell than gonococci that had been passaged on artificial medium. The adherence of gonococci increased with increasing acidity of the test medium.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Corynebacterium', 'Culture Media', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Epithelium', 'Escherichia coli', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Lactobacillus acidophilus', 'Neisseria gonorrhoeae', 'Streptococcus agalactiae', 'Time Factors', 'Vagina']
| 5,372
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G04.022'], ['B03.510.024.250', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['A11.436'], ['A10.272'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.481'], ['B03.353.750.450.475.100', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475.100', 'B03.510.550.450.475.100'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.474', 'B03.660.075.525.520.400'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.100', 'B03.510.400.800.872.100', 'B03.510.550.737.872.100'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A05.360.319.779']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Resolving chromosome-centric human proteome with translating mRNA analysis: a strategic demonstration.
|
Chromosome-centric human proteome project (C-HPP) aims at differentiating chromosome-based and tissue-specific protein compositions in terms of protein expression, quantification, and modification. We previously found that the analysis of translating mRNA (mRNA attached to ribosome-nascent chain complex, RNC-mRNA) can explain over 94% of mRNA-protein abundance. Therefore, we propose here to use full-length RNC-mRNA information to illustrate protein expression both qualitatively and quantitatively. We performed RNA-seq on RNC-mRNA (RNC-seq) and detected 12,758 and 14,113 translating genes in human normal bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells and human colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells, respectively. We found that most of these genes were mapped with >80% of coding sequence coverage. In Caco-2 cells, we provided translating evidence on 4180 significant single-nucleotide variations. While using RNC-mRNA data as a standard for proteomic data integration, both translating and protein evidence of 7876 genes can be acquired from four interlaboratory data sets with different MS platforms. In addition, we detected 1397 noncoding mRNAs that were attached to ribosomes, suggesting a potential source of new protein explorations. By comparing the two cell lines, a total of 677 differentially translated genes were found to be nonevenly distributed across chromosomes. In addition, 2105 genes in Caco-2 and 750 genes in HBE cells are expressed in a cell-specific manner. These genes are significantly and specifically clustered on multiple chromosomes, such as chromosome 19. We conclude that HPP/C-HPP investigations can be considerably improved by integrating RNC-mRNA analysis with MS, bioinformatics, and antibody-based verifications.
|
['Caco-2 Cells', 'Chromosomes, Human', 'Humans', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Proteome', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 24,200,226
|
[['A11.251.210.190.160', 'A11.251.860.180.160', 'A11.436.140'], ['A11.284.187.520.300', 'G05.360.162.520.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D12.776.817'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A short-term clinical evaluation of IPS Empress 2 crowns.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of all-ceramic crowns made with the IPS Empress 2 system after an observation period of 12 to 60 months.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine IPS Empress 2 crowns were placed in 21 patients. The all-ceramic crowns were evaluated clinically, radiographically, and using clinical photographs. The evaluations took place at baseline (2 days after cementation) and at 6-month intervals for 12 to 60 months. Survival rate of the crowns was determined using Kaplan-Meier statistical analysis.RESULTS: Based on the US Public Health Service criteria, 95.24% of the crowns were rated satisfactory after a mean follow-up period of 58 months. Fracture was registered in only 1 crown. One endodontically treated tooth failed as a result of fracture at the cervical margin area.CONCLUSION: In this in vivo study, IPS Empress 2 crowns exhibited a satisfactory clinical performance during an observation period ranging from 12 to 60 months.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Color', 'Composite Resins', 'Crowns', 'Dental Bonding', 'Dental Materials', 'Dental Porcelain', 'Dental Prosthesis Design', 'Dental Restoration Failure', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glass', 'Humans', 'Lithium Compounds', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Post and Core Technique', 'Surface Properties', 'Survival Analysis', 'Tooth Cervix', 'Tooth Fractures', 'Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic', 'Tooth, Nonvital']
| 17,455,438
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['D05.750.716.822.308', 'D25.339.816.500', 'D25.720.716.822.308', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308'], ['E06.780.346.250', 'E07.695.190.088'], ['E06.095'], ['D25.339', 'D27.720.102.339', 'J01.637.051.339'], ['D25.339.376', 'J01.637.051.339.376', 'J01.637.153.377'], ['E06.780.346.625', 'E06.912.145'], ['E06.323.400', 'E06.780.346.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['J01.637.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E06.780.346.250.500', 'E07.695.190.088.500'], ['G02.860'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['A14.549.167.900.700'], ['C07.793.850.750', 'C26.900.750'], ['E06.931.750'], ['C07.793.237.910']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Persistent increase in olfactory type G-protein alpha subunit levels may underlie D1 receptor functional hypersensitivity in Parkinson disease.
|
Although L-dopa remains the most effective treatment of Parkinson disease, its long-term administration is hampered by the appearance of dyskinesia. Hypersensitivity of dopamine D1 receptors in the striatum has been suggested to contribute to the genesis of these delayed adverse effects. However, D1 receptor amounts are unchanged in Parkinson disease, suggesting alterations of downstream effectors. In rodents, striatal D1 receptors activate adenylyl cyclase through olfactory type G-protein alpha subunit (Galphaolf) and G-protein gamma 7 subunit (Ggamma7). We found that Galphaolf was enriched in human basal ganglia and was markedly diminished in the putamen of patients with Huntington disease, in relation with the degeneration of medium spiny neurons. In contrast, in the putamen of patients with Parkinson disease, Galphaolf and Ggamma7 levels were both significantly increased. In the rat, the degeneration of dopamine neurons augmented Galphaolf levels in the striatal neurons, specifically at the plasma membrane, an effect accounting for the increase of D1 response on cAMP production in dopamine-depleted striatum. In lesioned rats, Galphaolf levels were normalized by a 3 week treatment with l-dopa or a D1 agonist but not with aD2-D3 agonist, supporting a Galphaolf regulation by D1 receptor usage. In contrast, the increases of Galphaolf levels in patients were not affected by the duration of l-dopa treatment but correlated with duration of disease. In conclusion, our results revealed in the parkinsonian putamen a prolonged elevation of Galphaolf levels that may lead to a persistent D1 receptor hypersensitivity and contribute to the genesis of long-term complications of L-dopa.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Animals', 'Antiparkinson Agents', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Female', 'GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits', 'Humans', 'Levodopa', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxidopamine', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Putamen', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Dopamine D1', 'Sympatholytics']
| 15,295,036
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.090.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.200.100', 'D12.644.360.360.100', 'D12.776.157.325.332.100', 'D12.776.476.375.100', 'D12.776.543.325.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.092.311.342.478.650', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342.478.650'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550.784'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term neurocognitive dysfunction in offspring via NGF/ ERK/CREB signaling pathway caused by ketamine exposure during the second trimester of pregnancy in rats.
|
Early life exposure to ketamine caused neurohistopathologic changes and persistent cognitive dysfunction. For this study, a pregnant rat model was developed to investigate neurocognitive effects in the offspring, following ketamine exposure during the second trimester. Pregnant rats on gestational day 14 (equal to midtrimester pregnancy in humans), intravenously received 200 mg/kg ketamine for 3 h. Their behavior was tested (Morris water maze, odor recognition test, and fear conditioning) at postnatal days (P25-30). Furthermore, hippocampal morphology of the offspring (P30) was examined via Nissl staining and hippocampal dendritic spine density was determined via Golgi staining. The hippocampal protein levels of nerve growth factor (NGF), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK), cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding (CREB), p-CREB, synaptophysin (SYP), synapsin (SYN), and postsynaptic density-95 (PSD95) were measured via western blot. Additionally, SCH772984 (an ERK inhibitor) was used to evaluate both role and underlying mechanism of the ERK pathway in PC12 cells. We found that ketamine caused long-term neurocognitive dysfunction, reduced the density of the dendritic spin, caused neuronal loss, and down-regulated the expression of NGF, ERK, p-ERK, mitogen, and stress-activated protein kinase (MSK), CREB, p-CREB, SYP, SYN, and PSD95 in the hippocampus. These results suggest that ketamine induced maternal anesthesia during period of the fetal brain development can cause long-term neurocognitive dysfunction in the offspring, which likely happens via inhibition of the NGF-ERK-CREB pathway in the hippocampus. Our results highlight the central role of ERK in neurocognition.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein', 'Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases', 'Female', 'Hippocampus', 'Ketamine', 'Learning', 'Memory', 'Nerve Growth Factor', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Second', 'Pyramidal Cells', 'Rats', 'Signal Transduction', 'Synapses']
| 28,415,680
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['F03.615.250.700'], ['D12.776.260.108.184', 'D12.776.930.127.184'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249', 'D12.644.360.450.169', 'D12.776.476.450.169'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.652'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['D12.644.276.860.437', 'D12.776.467.860.437', 'D12.776.631.600.437', 'D23.529.850.437'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.490'], ['A08.675.790', 'A11.671.790'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Articular chondrocalcinosis and sliding knee prosthesis].
|
The authors examined 24 files, involving 24 cases of arthroplastic knee surgery and revealing an articular chondrocalcinosis which was histologically proven. The mean post-operative follow-up took place in 30 months (1 to 5 years). The results were neither spectacular nor catastrophic. The overwhelming majority of the patients were satisfactory. 60% of those who had undergone surgery showed good objective results. Radiological aggravations were rare; the latter were not necessarily parallel to the clinical results. In conclusion, chondrocalcinosis does not appear to be an aggravating factor in the prognosis for sliding unicompartmental arthroplastia. The results were completely comparable to those in cases of osteoarthrositis without calcinosis. In both cases, the same encouraging results were observed, as well as the same doubts and uncertainty as to the future.
|
['Calcinosis', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Knee Joint', 'Knee Prosthesis']
| 7,071,496
|
[['C18.452.174.130'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E07.695.400.410']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Integrated outpatient treatment of opioid use disorder and injection-related infections: A description of a new care model.
|
Persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) hospitalized with severe, injection-related infections (SIRI) are frequently hospitalized for the duration of IV antibiotic treatment due to concerns regarding their eligibility for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT), which is the standard of care for prolonged IV antibiotic courses for patients without drug use. As part of a pilot study, a novel, integrated care model was developed where patients with OUD and SIRI receive addiction consultation and buprenorphine induction while hospitalized, followed by ongoing management in an outpatient clinic that combines office-based opioid treatment with buprenorphine pharmacotherapy and counseling services with OPAT. Through three illustrative case vignettes the outpatient model is described along with challenges, lessons learned and future directions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Buprenorphine', 'Delivery of Health Care, Integrated', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infections', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Opiate Substitution Treatment', 'Opioid-Related Disorders', 'Pilot Projects', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic']
| 31,251,946
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['D03.132.577.249.150', 'D03.605.497.150', 'D03.633.400.686.150', 'D04.615.723.795.150'], ['N04.590.374.142', 'N05.300.262'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['E02.319.620'], ['C25.775.643.500', 'F03.900.647.500'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Volumetric modulation arc radiotherapy with flattening filter-free beams compared with static gantry IMRT and 3D conformal radiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer: a feasibility study.
|
PURPOSE: A feasibility study was performed to evaluate RapidArc (RA), and the potential benefit of flattening filter-free beams, on advanced esophageal cancer against intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT).METHODS AND MATERIALS: The plans for 3D-CRT and IMRT with three to seven and five to seven fixed beams were compared against double-modulated arcs with avoidance sectors to spare the lungs for 10 patients. All plans were optimized for 6-MV photon beams. The RA plans were studied for conventional and flattening filter-free (FFF) beams. The objectives for the planning target volume were the volume receiving ? 95% or at most 107% of the prescribed dose of <1% with a dose prescription of 59.4 Gy. For the organs at risk, the lung volume (minus the planning target volume) receiving ? 5 Gy was <60%, that receiving 20 Gy was <20%-30%, and the mean lung dose was <15.0 Gy. The heart volume receiving 45 Gy was <20%, volume receiving 30 Gy was <50%. The spinal dose received by 1% was <45 Gy. The technical delivery parameters for RA were assessed to compare the normal and FFF beam characteristics.RESULTS: RA and IMRT provided equivalent coverage and homogeneity, slightly superior to 3D-CRT. The conformity index was 1.2 ± 0.1 for RA and IMRT and 1.5 ± 0.2 for 3D-CRT. The mean lung dose was 12.2 ± 4.5 for IMRT, 11.3 ± 4.6 for RA, and 10.8 ± 4.4 for RA with FFF beams, 18.2 ± 8.5 for 3D-CRT. The percentage of volume receiving ? 20 Gy ranged from 23.6% ± 9.1% to 21.1% ± 9.7% for IMRT and RA (FFF beams) and 39.2% ± 17.0% for 3D-CRT. The heart and spine objectives were met by all techniques. The monitor units for IMRT and RA were 457 ± 139, 322 ± 20, and 387 ± 40, respectively. RA with FFF beams showed, compared with RA with normal beams, a ?20% increase in monitor units per Gray, a 90% increase in the average dose rate, and 20% reduction in beam on time (owing to different gantry speeds).CONCLUSION: RA demonstrated, compared with conventional IMRT, a similar target coverage and some better dose sparing to the organs at risk; the advantage against conventional 3D-CRT was more evident. RA with FFF beams resulted in minor improvements in plan quality but with the potential for additional useful reduction in the treatment time.
|
['Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Matched-Pair Analysis', 'Organs at Risk', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Radiography', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Conformal', 'Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated', 'Spinal Cord']
| 22,386,376
|
[['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['E05.318.370.485', 'E05.318.740.475', 'N05.715.360.325.500', 'N05.715.360.750.500', 'N06.850.520.445.485', 'N06.850.520.830.475'], ['A01.635'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.635.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550'], ['E02.815.635.700.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550.700'], ['A08.186.854']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Detection of occult disease in tissue donors by routine autopsy.
|
The transmission of infectious and neoplastic diseases is a potential risk of tissue allografting. In this study, we analyzed the occurrence of occult disease in tissue donors as detected by standard screening and autopsy. Whereas 18% of the potential donors initially evaluated were eliminated on the basis of their medical and social histories, laboratory screening and autopsy revealed that an additional 9% of tissue donors had undetected, transmissible disease that prohibited tissue donation. This report emphasizes once again the risk of occult disease being transplanted with grafts and the need for autopsy to reduce the likelihood of this occurring. If donor selection, appropriate screening tests, and autopsy are carefully carried out, the risk of transmitting diseases from tissue allografts can be kept to a minimum.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Autopsy', 'Carrier State', 'Communicable Diseases', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Organ Transplantation', 'Tissue Donors']
| 9,561,683
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['C01.221', 'C23.550.291.531'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.936.450'], ['M01.898']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transport of carbon colloid supported nanoscale zero-valent iron in saturated porous media.
|
Injection of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has recently gained great interest as emerging technology for in-situ remediation of chlorinated organic compounds from groundwater systems. Zero-valent iron (ZVI) is able to reduce organic compounds and to render it to less harmful substances. The use of nanoscale particles instead of granular or microscale particles can increase dechlorination rates by orders of magnitude due to its high surface area. However, classical nZVI appears to be hampered in its environmental application by its limited mobility. One approach is colloid supported transport of nZVI, where the nZVI gets transported by a mobile colloid. In this study transport properties of activated carbon colloid supported nZVI (c-nZVI; d50=2.4ìm) are investigated in column tests using columns of 40cm length, which were filled with porous media. A suspension was pumped through the column under different physicochemical conditions (addition of a polyanionic stabilizer and changes in pH and ionic strength). Highest observed breakthrough was 62% of the injected concentration in glass beads with addition of stabilizer. Addition of mono- and bivalent salt, e.g. more than 0.5mM/L CaCl2, can decrease mobility and changes in pH to values below six can inhibit mobility at all. Measurements of colloid sizes and zeta potentials show changes in the mean particle size by a factor of ten and an increase of zeta potential from -62mV to -80mV during the transport experiment. However, results suggest potential applicability of c-nZVI under field conditions.
|
['Carbon', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Environmental Restoration and Remediation', 'Iron', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Models, Chemical', 'Particle Size', 'Porosity', 'Povidone']
| 24,914,524
|
[['D01.268.150'], ['D27.888.284'], ['N06.230.080.600', 'N06.850.460.375'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.712'], ['G01.374.710'], ['D02.455.326.271.884.533.699', 'D03.383.773.812.615', 'D05.750.716.721.838', 'D25.720.716.721.838', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.838']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Double semitendinous reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament with invasive mini-plate technique].
|
OBJECTIVE: To probe the clinical results of a new designed operation-double semitendinous reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) with invasive mini-plate.METHODS: The new surgical technique was performed on 28 patients with PCL deficient knee in our department from September 1994 to October 1997. Protection of popliteal nerves and blood vessels was emphasized in the operation, and the femoral and tibial tunnel placement was critical to the procedure's success.RESULTS: All patients were followed up 18 to 36 months, averaged 22 months, they gained stable knees. The knee function of 28 patients recovered to normal after the operation, 1 patients had a small range of limitation of the knee flexion, but no obvious dysfunction.CONCLUSION: Double semitendinous reconstruction of PCL with invasive mini-plate has advantages in the operated field exposure, adequate tibial and femoral fixation and excellent results in motion, stability and function of the knee after the operation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bone Plates', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Posterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures']
| 11,778,192
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['A02.513.514.600', 'A02.835.583.512.600', 'A10.165.669.514.600'], ['E04.680']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cultural consequences of miscarriages of justice.
|
Social science scholarship has tended to focus more on the causes than the consequences of miscarriages of justice. Within the literature on consequences, the overwhelming emphasis has been on individual consequences: psychological and material impacts on the wrongly convicted individual and, in some cases, other indirectly impacted individuals such as family members of the wrongly convicted and victims of the true perpetrator's future crimes. Some attention has been devoted to social harms, the impact of miscarriages of justice on the broader society within which they are situated, such as the undermining of the legitimacy of the criminal justice system. This paper focuses on what are called here cultural consequences of miscarriages of justice: the way in which some high-profile miscarriages of justice can shape the public's beliefs about some of the most basic "facts" about crime, such as the nature, prevalence, or even existence of certain categories of crime and the types of individual who tend to perpetrate particular types of crime. In this way, the paper argues, miscarriages of justice may have hitherto underexplored consequences: reshaping, based on false premises, the public's belief about the very nature of crime itself. This paper discusses three cases studies of miscarriages of justice that for varying periods of time created widespread false beliefs about the nature of crime in large segments of the public. The paper concludes by noting that the "righting" of these false beliefs was in most cases fortuitous. This suggests that unexposed miscarriages of justice may still be shaping popular beliefs about the nature of crime, and aspects of the public's current conception of crime may yet be based on false premises.
|
['Bombs', 'Child', 'Child Abuse, Sexual', 'Child, Preschool', 'Culture', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Public Opinion', 'Rape', 'Social Justice', 'Spain', 'United States']
| 19,402,029
|
[['J01.637.870.175'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I01.198.240.748.300', 'I01.198.240.856.350.250.255', 'I01.880.735.900.350.250.255'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I01.076.201.450', 'I01.880.853.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.630.548'], ['I01.198.240.748.640', 'I01.198.240.856.744', 'I01.880.735.900.772'], ['I01.880.604.473.700', 'K01.752.566.479.830.750', 'N03.706.437.700', 'N05.350.958.750'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Protective effects and active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge extracts on airway responsiveness, inflammation and remodeling in mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma.
|
BACKGROUND: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (S. miltiorrhiza), a traditional Chinese medicine, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. However, its effects against asthma that shows chronic inflammation and oxidative damage remain unknown.PURPOSE: To assess the effects of S. miltiorrhiza extracts on airway responsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice.METHODS: Mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma were treated with S. miltiorrhiza extracts, and airway resistance (RL) to methacholine, inflammatory cell infiltration, Th1/Th2 cytokine levels, and airway remodeling were assessed. TGF-â1-induced BEAS-2B and MRC-5 cells were used to evaluate the effects of five S. miltiorrhiza compounds on epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis.RESULTS: OVA-challenge resulted in remarkably increased RL, inflammatory cell infiltration, Th1/Th2 cytokine levels in BALF, goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, and airway wall thickening. Daily treatment with S. miltiorrhiza ethanolic (EE, 246 mg/kg) or water (WE, 156 mg/kg) extract significantly reduced OVA-induced airway inflammatory cell infiltration, Th1/Th2 cytokine amounts, and goblet cells hyperplasia. However, only WE remarkably decreased RL, collagen deposition, and airway wall thickening. Moreover, Chromatography showed that salvianic acid A and caffeic acid levels were much higher in WE than EE, while rosmarinic acid was slightly lower; salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA levels were much higher in EE than WE. Interestingly, caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid were more potent in reducing E-cadherin and vimentin levels in TGF-â1-induced BEAS-2B cells, and á-SMA and COL1A1 amounts in TGF-â1-induced MRC-5 cells.CONCLUSIONS: Both S. miltiorrhiza WE and EE alleviate airway inflammation in mice with OVA-sensitized allergic asthma. S. miltiorrhiza WE is more potent in reducing responsiveness and airway remodeling.
|
['Actins', 'Airway Remodeling', 'Animals', 'Asthma', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Cell Line', 'Collagen', 'Collagen Type I', 'Cytokines', 'Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Goblet Cells', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Inflammation', 'Lung', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Ovalbumin', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Roots', 'Salvia miltiorrhiza', 'Th1-Th2 Balance', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1']
| 30,599,896
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['C23.300.017', 'G09.772.029'], ['B01.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.100', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.100'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G04.356.500'], ['C23.550.355'], ['A03.556.124.369.320', 'A04.329.597.320', 'A04.531.520.320', 'A04.760.259', 'A10.615.550.444.321', 'A10.615.550.760.520.320', 'A10.615.550.760.600.320', 'A11.436.298'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.922.750'], ['G12.838'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anion control of sodium absorption in the colon.
|
The regulatory functions of anions in colonic absorption of sodium are unknown. Absorption of sodium ions was assessed with chloride, butyrate, nitrite, sulphate and oxalate anions in segments of proximal/distal colon and in defunctioned colon. Efficiency of sodium absorption was related to availability of CO2 in mucosal cells: CO2 availability was enhanced (P less than 0.01) by sodium nitrite or diminished (P less than 0.01) in defunctioned colon. Sodium nitrite stimulated absorption of sodium in the distal colon where bicarbonate secretion predominated and n-butyrate stimulated absorption of sodium in the proximal colon where hydrogen ion secretion predominated. Sodium absorption was very significantly diminished (P less than 0.01) in defunctioned colon. Results indicate that sodium absorption in the colon is both a double anion exchange system as well as cation/anion co-transport. Anions act differently on sodium absorption along the length of the colon and prolonged lack of anions plays a part in sodium malabsorption of the defunctioned colon.
|
['Absorption', 'Animals', 'Anions', 'Colon', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sodium']
| 3,714,959
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.158'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['E05.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Is it possible to predict amyloidogenic regions from sequence alone?
|
Identification of potentially amyloidogenic regions in polypeptide chains is very important because the amyloid fibril formation can be induced in most normal proteins. In our work we suggest a new method to detect amyloidogenic regions in protein sequence. It is based on the assumption that packing is tight inside an amyloid and therefore regions which could potentially pack well would have a tendency to form amyloids. This means that the regions with strong expected packing of residues would be responsible for the amyloid formation. We use this property to identify potentially amyloidogenic regions in proteins basing on their amino acid sequences only. Our predictions are consistent with known disease-related amyloidogenic regions for 8 of 11 amyloid-forming proteins and peptides in which the positions of amyloidogenic regions have been revealed experimentally. Predictions of the regions which are responsible for the formation of amyloid fibrils in proteins unrelated to disease have been also done.
|
['Algorithms', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amyloid', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptides', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 16,819,789
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D05.500.049', 'D12.776.049'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease in immunocompetent patients: a self-protective mechanism.
|
Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) is a rare but hazardous complication caused by transfusion of leucocyte-containing blood. It is not clear why some patients are at risk for TA-GVHD, but others are not. We studied TA-GVHD in immunocompetent individuals by looking at donor-anti-host reactivity after transfusion of leucocyte-containing blood. We tested reactivity in 62 donor-recipient combinations in vitro before and at different times after blood transfusion with mixed lymphocyte culture. One patient was studied in more detail. Reactivity of blood donors against hosts gradually decreased after blood transfusion. This decrease significantly correlated with time (p < 0.001). Studies in a single patient showed that absence of donor-host reactivity was due to host T cells that inhibited the response. These data indicate that an active mechanism exists in immunocompetent individuals which inhibits the graft-versus-host reaction of the donor against the host. This mechanism might be exploited in organ transplantation by pre-transplant blood transfer.
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Clone Cells', 'Erythrocyte Transfusion', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'Histocompatibility Testing', 'Humans', 'Immunocompromised Host', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Leukocyte Transfusion', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed', 'Lymphocytes']
| 7,907,730
|
[['A11.251'], ['A11.251.353'], ['E02.095.135.140.275'], ['C20.452'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440'], ['E01.370.225.812.385', 'E05.200.812.385', 'E05.478.594.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.470'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['E02.095.135.140.425'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E01.370.225.812.385.475', 'E05.200.812.385.475', 'E05.478.594.385.429'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Panton-Valentine leukocidin facilitates the escape of Staphylococcus aureus from human keratinocyte endosomes and induces apoptosis.
|
Skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) have emerged as major health problems throughout the world. Most SSTI CA-MRSA strains produce Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), but its contribution to CA-MRSA pathogenesis is poorly defined. Here, we used an endemic PVL-positive SSTI-causing CA-MRSA strain from Taiwan, together with an isogenic PVL-knockout mutant (Äpvl) and complemented PVL-positive derivative, to evaluate the role of PVL in the pathogenesis of CA-MRSA in the RHEK-1 human keratinocyte cell line and a rabbit skin infection model. We found that both PVL-positive CA-MRSA and isogenic Äpvl strains attached and were engulfed into endosomes of RHEK-1 cells within 1 hour following infection. However, by 2 hours after infection PVL-positive CA-MRSA more effectively disrupted endosomes, escaped into the cytoplasm, and replicated intracellularly. By 6 hours after infection, the PVL-positive strain caused significantly more caspase-dependent keratinocyte apoptosis than the isogenic Äpvl mutant. In the rabbit infection model, 1 week following infection the wild-type strain produced significantly more widespread lesions and cell apoptosis than the isogenic Äpvl mutant. These findings indicate that PVL is an important virulence factor that enables CA-MRSA to produce necrotizing skin infections by allowing the bacteria to escape from endosomes, replicate intracellularly, and induce apoptosis.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Bacteria', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Cell Line', 'Community-Acquired Infections', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Endosomes', 'Exotoxins', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Humans', 'Keratinocytes', 'Lagomorpha', 'Leukocidins', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Rabbits', 'Staphylococcal Skin Infections', 'Taiwan', 'Virulence', 'Virulence Factors']
| 23,956,440
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['B03'], ['D23.946.123'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C01.234'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['D23.946.350'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968'], ['D12.776.543.695.750'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['C01.150.252.410.868.951', 'C01.150.252.819.770', 'C01.800.720.770', 'C17.800.838.765.770'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['G06.930'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[Concentrations of fluorine, aluminum and magnesium in some structures of the central nervous system of rats exposed to aluminum and fluorine in drinking water].
|
Fluorine and aluminum are able to pass through the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the central nervous system (CNS) of exposed animals. Chronic intoxication is accompanied by behavioral disorders, degenerative changes, and abnormalities of aerobic metabolism of the neurons. Awareness of the role of aluminum in Alzheimer's disease stems from epidemiological studies demonstrating increased prevalence of this condition in areas with relatively high content of aluminum in drinking water. The uptake of aluminum in the gastrointestinal tract is decreased in the presence of iron, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, or fluoride. Many magnesium-containing enzymes are affected by aluminum, which is able to replace magnesium and thus reduce their activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of fluorine, aluminum, and magnesium in some structures of the CNS of rats exposed to fluorine and aluminum in water. Our material consisted of 64 Wistar rats divided into eight equal groups. Groups I, II and III were female rats exposed, respectively, to 100 ppm fluorine ions, 300 ppm aluminum ions or both at same doses alternating every second day. Groups IA, IIA and IIIA consisted of male rats exposed like the respective female groups. Control groups K1--females and K2--males received distilled water ad libitum. Exposure lasted 31 days whereupon the animals were anesthetized with ketamine and sacrificed. The brain was collected and the cerebellum, brain cortex, and hippocampus were isolated. Concentrations of fluorine, aluminum, and magnesium were measured with prior mineralization of wet tissues in a microwave oven. Fluorine concentrations were determined with a potentiometric method and ion-selective electrode. Aluminum was measured with ICP (inductively coupled plasma) and magnesium with ASA (atomic absorption spectrometry). The highest concentrations of fluorine were observed in rats exposed to fluorine only. The same pattern was true for aluminum. Groups exposed alternatively to both elements demonstrated lower accumulation of fluorine whereas accumulation of aluminum did not change significantly. Apparently, aluminum reduced the availability of fluorine but there was no reciprocal effect. No significant changes in the concentrations of magnesium were noted, regardless of the brain structure or group. It can thus be concluded that exposure to fluorine, aluminum or both has little effect on the concentration of magnesium in the CNS of rats.
|
['Aluminum', 'Animals', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Cerebellum', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Female', 'Fluorine', 'Hippocampus', 'Magnesium', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Supply']
| 16,892,590
|
[['D01.268.557.050', 'D01.552.547.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D01.268.380.300'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Spectrofluorometric studies of the lipid probe, nile red.
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We found that the dye nile red, 9-diethylamino-5H-benzo[alpha]phenoxazine-5-one, can be applied as a fluorescent vital stain for the detection of intracellular lipid droplets by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytofluorometry (J. Cell. Biol. 1985. 100: 965-973). To understand the selectivity of the staining, we examined the fluorescence properties of nile red in the presence of organic solvents and model lipid systems. Nile red was found to be both very soluble and strongly fluorescent in organic solvents. The excitation and emission spectra of nile red shifted to shorter wavelengths with decreasing solvent polarity. However, the fluorescence of nile red was quenched in aqueous medium. Nile red was observed to fluoresce intensely in the presence of aqueous suspensions of phosphatidylcholine vesicles (excitation maximum: 549 nm; emission maximum: 628 nm). When neutral lipids such as triacylglycerols or cholesteryl esters were incorporated with phosphatidylcholine to form microemulsions, nile red fluorescence emission maxima shifted to shorter wavelengths. Serum lipoproteins also induced nile red fluorescence and produced spectral blue shifts. Nile red fluorescence was not observed in the presence of either immunoglobulin G or gelatin. These results demonstrate that nile red fluorescence accompanied by a spectral blue shift reflects the presence of nile red in a hydrophobic lipid environment and account for the selective detection of neutral lipid by the dye. Nile red thus serves as an excellent fluorescent lipid probe.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Lipids', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Oxazines', 'Proteins', 'Rats', 'Solvents', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 4,031,658
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G02'], ['H01.181.529'], ['D10'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['D03.383.533'], ['D12.776'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D27.720.844'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ultraviolet damage to bacteria and bacteriophage at low temperatures.
|
The survival of Escherichia coli B/r WP2 (tryptophan-requiring) from ultraviolet irradiation when suspended in 0.067M phosphate buffer (pH 7) has been studied over the temperature range 22 degrees to -269 degrees C. In unfrozen suspensions there was no appreciable change in sensitivity between 22 degrees and -10 degrees C. The sensitivity in the presence of ice progressively increased by a factor of 7 when the temperature was lowered to -79 degrees C. Between -79 degrees and -196 degrees C the sensitivity decreased to less than four times the sensitivity at 22 degrees C and was not appreciably different at -269 degrees C. Evidence from experiments with bacteriophage T1 and E. coli WP2 HCR(-) (a strain unable to excise thymine dimers) indicates that a new, qualitatively different lesion, less amenable to repair, may replace the thymine dimer in E. coli irradiated at -79 degrees C.
|
['Cold Temperature', 'Coliphages', 'Culture Media', 'Escherichia coli', 'Freezing', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Radiation Genetics', 'Thymine', 'Tryptophan', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 5,318,093
|
[['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['B04.123.205'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G01.645.500', 'G01.906.595.272.437', 'G02.734.466'], ['E05.481'], ['H01.158.273.343.800', 'N06.850.810.335'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.899'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fast bowling match workloads over 5-26 days and risk of injury in the following month.
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OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether high match fast bowling workloads in the short to medium term were associated with increased bowling injury rates.DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.METHODS: Over a 15 year period, workload patterns for 235 individual fast bowlers during time periods from 5 to 26 days were examined to consider whether there was an increased injury rate during the month (28 days) subsequent to the workload.RESULTS: Fast bowlers who bowled more than 50 match overs in a 5 day period had a significant increase in injury over the next month compared to bowlers who bowled 50 overs or less RR 1.54 (95% CI 1.04-2.29). For periods ranging from 12 to 26 days, there was no statistically-significant increase in injury over the next month from exceeding thresholds of certain amounts of overs, although bowlers who bowled more than 100 overs in 17 days had a non-significant increase in injury over the next month RR 1.78 (95% CI 0.90-3.50).CONCLUSION: There were no statistically-significant increases in subsequent injury risk for high workloads for periods of 12-26 days, although exceeding 100 overs in 17 days (or less) was associated with higher injury rates. Compression of cricket fixtures is likely to have only a minimal contribution to increased fast bowling injury rates being seen in the T20 era (along with sudden workload increases due to transferring between forms of the game, which has been previously established as a major contributor).
|
['Athletic Injuries', 'Australia', 'Humans', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Sports', 'Time Factors', 'Workload']
| 25,245,426
|
[['C26.115'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I03.450.642.845'], ['G01.910.857'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
In vitro activity of biapenem against clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
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The in vitro activity of biapenem, a new carbapenem previously designated L-627, was compared with those of imipenem and several other antimicrobial agents against 771 clinical bacterial isolates. Against gram-positive organisms, biapenem was found to be approximately as active as imipenem, inhibiting 90% of isolates of most species at concentrations within one dilution of the MIC of imipenem for 90% of the isolates. Against gram-negative organisms and Bacteroides fragilis, biapenem was at least as active as and often more active than imipenem, with MICs for 90% of the isolates two- to eightfold lower than those of imipenem.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Imipenem', 'Methicillin Resistance', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Thienamycins']
| 8,239,623
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B03.440'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['B03.510'], ['C01.150.252.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.500', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.500'], ['G06.099.225.500.600.525', 'G06.225.347.500.600.525', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600.525'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The safety, efficacy, and pharmacoeconomics of low-dose alteplase compared with urokinase for catheter-directed thrombolysis of arterial and venous occlusions.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy, complications, and costs associated with low-dose (<2 mg/h) alteplase (tissue plasminogen activator [t-PA]) versus urokinase for the catheter-directed treatment of acute peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAO) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed during sequential time periods on two groups with involved extremities treated with either t-PA with subtherapeutic heparin (TPA group) or urokinase with full heparin (UK group) at a single center. Treatment group characteristics, success rates, complications, dosages, infusion time, and costs were compared.RESULTS: Eighty-nine patients with 93 involved limbs underwent treatment (54 with DVT, 39 with PAO). The treatment groups were statistically identical (TPA: 45 limbs; 24 with DVT, 53.3%; 21 with PAO, 46.7%; UK: 48 limbs; 30 with DVT, 62.5%; 18 with PAO, 37.5%). The overall average hourly infused dose, total dose, infusion time, success rates, and cost of thrombolytic agent were as follows (+/- standard deviation): TPA, 0.86 +/- 0.50 mg/h, 21.2 +/- 15.1 mg, 24.6 +/- 11.2 hours, 89.4%, $466 +/- $331; and UK, 13.5 +/- 5.6 (10(4)) U/h, 4.485 +/- 2.394 million U, 33.3 +/- 13.3 hours, 85.7%, $6871 +/- $3667, respectively. Major and minor complication rates were: TPA, 2.2% and 8.9%; and UK, 2.1% and 10.4%, respectively. No statistical differences in success rates or complications were observed; however, t-PA was significantly (P <.05) less expensive and faster than urokinase.CONCLUSION: Low-dose t-PA combined with subtherapeutic heparin is equally efficacious and safe compared with urokinase. Infusions with t-PA were significantly shorter and less expensive than those with urokinase.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Extremities', 'Female', 'Fibrinolytic Agents', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Plasminogen Activators', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thrombolytic Therapy', 'Tissue Plasminogen Activator', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator', 'Venous Thrombosis']
| 12,618,684
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.137'], ['A01.378'], ['D27.505.519.421.750', 'D27.505.954.411.320', 'D27.505.954.502.427'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.635', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.635', 'D12.776.124.125.662'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.319.913'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.875', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.875', 'D12.776.124.125.662.768', 'D23.119.970'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.910', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.910', 'D12.776.124.125.662.884'], ['C14.907.355.830.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Recognition memory for text and melody of songs after unilateral temporal lobe lesion: evidence for dual encoding.
|
The role of left and right temporal lobes in memory for songs (words sung to a tune) was investigated. Patients who had undergone focal cerebral excision for the relief of intractable epilepsy along with normal control subjects were tested in 2 recognition memory tasks. The goal of Experiment 1 was to examine recognition of words and of tunes when they were presented together in an unfamiliar song. In Experiment 2, memory for spoken words and tunes sung without words was independently tested in 2 separate recognition tasks. The results clearly showed (a) a deficit after left temporal lobectomy in recognition of text whether sung to a tune or spoken without musical accompaniment, (b) impaired melody recognition when the tune was sung with new words following left or right temporal lobectomy and (c) impaired melody recognition in the absence of lyrics following right but not left temporal lobectomy. The different role of each temporal lobe in memorizing songs provides evidence for the use of dual memory codes. The verbal code is consistently related to left temporal lobe structures, whereas the melodie code my depend on either or both temporal lobe mechanisms, according to the type of encoding involved.
|
['Attention', 'Brain Damage, Chronic', 'Brain Mapping', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe', 'Humans', 'Mental Recall', 'Music', 'Pitch Perception', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Psychosurgery', 'Retention, Psychology', 'Temporal Lobe', 'Verbal Learning']
| 1,832,437
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['C10.228.140.140'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['C10.228.140.490.360.290', 'C10.228.140.490.493.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['K01.602'], ['F02.463.593.071.700', 'G07.888.125.700'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.525.600', 'F04.570.630'], ['F02.463.425.540.772'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863'], ['F02.463.425.952']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tumour mutation status and sites of metastasis in patients with cutaneous melanoma.
|
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous melanoma can metastasise haematogenously and/or lymphogenously to form satellite/in-transit, lymph node or distant metastasis. This study aimed to determine if BRAF and NRAS mutant and wild-type tumours differ in their site of first tumour metastasis and anatomical metastatic pathway.METHODS: Prospective cohort of patients with a histologically confirmed primary cutaneous melanoma at three tertiary referral centres in Melbourne, Australia from 2010 to 2015. Multinomial regression determined clinical, histological and mutational factors associated with the site of first metastasis and metastatic pathway.RESULTS: Of 1048 patients, 306 (29%) developed metastasis over a median 4.7 year follow-up period. 73 (24%), 192 (63%) and 41 (13%) developed distant, regional lymph node and satellite/in-transit metastasis as the first site of metastasis, respectively. BRAF mutation was associated with lymph node metastasis (adjusted RRR 2.46 95% CI 1.07-5.69, P=0.04) and sentinel lymph node positivity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.14-2.10, P=0.005). BRAF mutation and NRAS mutation were associated with increased odds of developing liver metastasis (aOR 3.09, 95% CI 1.49-6.42, P=0.003; aOR 3.17, 95% CI 1.32-7.58, P=0.01) and central nervous system (CNS) metastasis (aOR 4.65, 95% CI 2.23-9.69, P<0.001; aOR 4.03, 95% CI 1.72-9.44, P=0.001). NRAS mutation was associated with lung metastasis (aOR 2.44, 95% CI 1.21-4.93, P=0.01).CONCLUSIONS: BRAF mutation was found to be associated with lymph node metastasis as first metastasis and sentinel lymph node positivity. BRAF and NRAS mutations were associated with CNS and liver metastasis and NRAS mutation with lung metastasis. If these findings are validated in additional prospective studies, a role for heightened visceral organ surveillance may be warranted in patients with tumours harbouring these somatic mutations.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Central Nervous System Neoplasms', 'Female', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplastic Cells, Circulating', 'Prospective Studies', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf', 'Sentinel Lymph Node', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Young Adult']
| 28,787,433
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.614.250', 'C10.551.240'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['D12.776.543'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.642', 'C04.697.650.900', 'C23.550.727.650.900'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.842.374', 'D12.644.360.400.842.374', 'D12.776.476.400.842.437', 'D12.776.624.664.700.204.200'], ['A10.549.400.750', 'A15.382.520.604.412.750'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of isoquinoline alkaloids, diterpenoids and steroids in the Chinese herb Jin-Guo-Lan (Tinospora sagittata and Tinospora capillipes) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization with multistage mass spectrometry.
|
This study sought to determine the primary components (isoquinoline alkaloids, diterpenoids and steroids) in crude extracts of the Chinese herb Jin-Guo-Lan, prepared from the roots of Tinospora sagittata and T. capillipes, by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry coupled with diode-array detection (LC-DAD/ESI-MS(n)). After separation on a reversed-phase C(18) column using gradient elution, positive and negative ESI-MS experiments were performed. In positive ion mode, the three types of compounds showed very different characteristic ions: strong [M](+) or [M+H](+) ions were observed for isoquinoline alkaloids; [M+NH(4)](+) and/or [M+H-CO(2)](+) for diterpenoids; [M+H-nH(2)O](+) (n=1-3) for steroids. These adduct ions and/or fragments were used to deduce the mass and categories of known and unknown components in crude extracts, and their structures were further confirmed by ESI-MS(n) in positive ion mode. Moreover, UV absorption peaks obtained from DAD provided useful functional group information to aid the MS(n)-based identification. As a result, 11 compounds were unambiguously identified by comparing with standard compounds and 13 compounds were tentatively identified or deduced according to their MS(n) data. Two of these compounds (13-hydroxycolumbamine and 13-hydroxyjatrorrhizine) were found to be new compounds and another one (13-hydroxypalmatine) was detected for the first time as a natural product. In addition, a [M-*CH(3)-H(2)O](*+) ion in MS(2) of [M](+) after in-source collision-induced dissociation was used to differentiate positional isomers of protoberberine alkaloids, columbamine and jatrorrhizine. Although the roots of T. sagittata and T. capillipes contain almost identical compounds, the content of the compounds in them is dramatically different, suggesting the necessity for further comparison of the bioactivities of the two species.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Diterpenes', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Isoquinolines', 'Plant Extracts', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Steroids', 'Tinospora']
| 16,817,243
|
[['D03.132'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['D04.210.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.725.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effects of probucol on QT/QS2 relation and systolic time intervals.
|
The QT, QTc, QS2 intervals, pre-ejection period-left ventricular ejection time ratios and serum lipoprotein levels were measured in 8 patients with primary hypercholesterolemia before and after a 3-month therapy with probucol, 1 g/day. Both QT and QTc intervals increased significantly, whereas no significant changes were observed between the pre- and post-treatment QT/QS2 and pre-ejection period-left ventricular ejection time ratios. These results help to explain why treatment with probucol, while effecting a prolongation of the QTc interval, does not result in serious arrhythmias in man.
|
['Adult', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Cardiac Output', 'Cholesterol', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Lipoproteins', 'Long QT Syndrome', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Phenols', 'Probucol', 'Systole']
| 3,397,194
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['C14.280.067.565', 'C14.280.123.625', 'C16.131.240.400.715', 'C23.550.073.547'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.746'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A randomized double-blind study of atenolol and celiprolol in mild to moderate hypertension.
|
The antihypertensive effects of equivalent beta-blocking doses of atenolol and celiprolol were compared in 55 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Patients with diastolic blood pressure between 95 and 114 mm Hg were randomized to celiprolol or atenolol once daily. The dose of each agent was titrated from 50 to 100 mg atenolol or from 200 to 400 mg celiprolol if the supine diastolic blood pressure remained greater than 90 mm Hg after 2 to 4 weeks treatment at 24 h following dosing. Following titration patients were maintained at constant dosage for 12 weeks. The average reductions in blood pressure over the period of double-blind therapy were similar; for atenolol -17/-16 mm Hg and for celiprolol -14/-13 mm Hg. Therapeutic success rate (percentage of patients with diastolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg or reduction in diastolic blood pressure greater than 10 mm Hg), based on the mean over the maintenance period, was 71% and 59%, respectively. Adverse events were minor and similar for both therapies. Once daily atenolol and celiprolol appeared similar in efficacy and safety in mild to moderate hypertension.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Atenolol', 'Celiprolol', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Propanolamines', 'Random Allocation']
| 2,427,841
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.070', 'D02.033.755.624.698.070', 'D02.092.063.624.698.070'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.268', 'D02.033.755.624.698.268', 'D02.065.950.681.241', 'D02.092.063.624.698.268', 'D02.455.426.559.389.703.241'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.624', 'D02.033.755.624', 'D02.092.063.624'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of mirabegron on patient-related outcomes in patients with overactive bladder: the results of post hoc correlation and responder analyses using pooled data from three randomized Phase III trials.
|
PURPOSE: To understand how improvements in the symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB) seen with the â3-adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron 50 mg, correlate with patient experience as measured by validated and standard patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and to identify whether there is overall directional consistency in the responsiveness of PROs to treatment effect.METHODS: In a post hoc analysis of pooled data from three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week Phase III trials of mirabegron 50 mg once daily, responder rates for incontinence frequency (?50 % reduction in incontinence episodes/24 h from baseline to final visit), micturition frequency (?8 micturitions/24 h at final visit), and PROs [minimally important differences in patient perception of bladder condition (PPBC) and subsets of the overactive bladder questionnaire (OAB-q) measuring total health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and symptom bother] were evaluated individually and in combination.RESULTS: Mirabegron 50 mg demonstrated greater improvement from baseline to final visit than placebo for each of the responder analyses, whether for individual objective and subjective outcomes or combinations thereof. These improvements versus placebo were statistically significant for all double and triple responder analyses and for all single responder analyses except PPBC. PRO measurements showed directional consistency and significant correlations, and there were also significant correlations between objective and subjective measures of efficacy.CONCLUSIONS: The improvements in objective measures seen with mirabegron 50 mg translate into a meaningful clinical benefit as evident by the directional consistency seen in HRQoL measures of benefit.
|
['Acetanilides', 'Aged', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Thiazoles', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urinary Bladder, Overactive', 'Urinary Incontinence', 'Urological Agents']
| 25,688,038
|
[['D02.065.199.092', 'D02.092.146.113.092'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C12.777.829.866', 'C13.351.968.829.813', 'C23.888.942.343.780'], ['C12.777.934.852', 'C13.351.968.934.814', 'C23.888.942.343.800'], ['D27.505.954.944']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cyclooxygenase-2 in human non-small cell lung cancer.
|
AIM: Recent studies report that the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is increased, especially in adenocarcinoma. Platelet activating factor (PAF), n-sodium butyrate (n-BT), and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) are important mediators of the inflammatory process.METHOD: Expression of COX-2 in 67 stage 1 NSCLC paraffin-embedded tumor samples was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Four NSCL cell lines were incubated and stimulated by PAF, n-BT and PMA for 48 h. Expression of COX-2 was determined by IHC, immunoblotting, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RESULT: IHC showed increasing immunoreactivity in 35 of 67 (52%) in stage I NSCLC, 31 of 53 (59%) in adenocarcinoma and 13 of 15 (87%) in bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma, but only 2 of 12 (17%) in epidermoid carcinoma. The COX-2 expression in NSCLC cells was 75% (3/4) and the COX-1 expression in NSCLC cells was 100% (4/4). After stimulation with PMA, n-BT, PAF and n-BT + PAF, the COX-2 expression in NSCLC cells was significantly increased in all cell lines.CONCLUSIONS: The expression of COX-2 in NSCLC cells is high and was up-regulated by PMA, n-BT and PAF. We consider that COX-2 inhibitors will play an important role in the therapy of NSCLC.
|
['Aged', 'Butyrates', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Isoenzymes', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Platelet Activating Factor', 'Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 12,633,561
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.241.081.114', 'D10.251.400.143'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D23.469'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D02.033.100.291.211.500', 'D02.092.063.291.211.500', 'D02.092.877.883.333.710', 'D02.675.276.232.710', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.985.910', 'D23.119.865', 'D23.469.050.600'], ['D08.811.600.720', 'D08.811.682.690.708.715'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Ultrastructural and histochemical characteristics of embryonic hepatocytes exposed to ethanol].
|
The induction of ethanol (10 and 40% concentration) to pregnant female rats causes embryolethal effect, inhibition of fetus development, breaks morphofunctional state of embryo liver, causes hydropathic vacuolization of hepatic cells, lowering of DNA and RNA level in them, breaks penetrability of vascular walls. Ethanol causes antimitotic effect which depends on concentration and induces changes in hepatic cells ultrastructure (vacuolization of cytoplasm, appearance of megalomitochondria and others).
|
['Animals', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Liver', 'Liver Glycogen', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Mitosis', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 7,147,342
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.033.375'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['A03.620'], ['D05.750.078.562.388.518', 'D09.698.365.388.518'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of cancer care and outcomes between a public safety-net hospital and a private cancer center.
|
We compared the cancer outcomes and care-associated service defects between Jackson Memorial Hospital (ABC), a large public safety-net hospital, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (XYZ), a private not-for-profit cancer center in patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer (CC) who received adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) and in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Colorectal cancer patients treated at ABC were more likely to have undergone urgent surgery. While in the CC cohort, three-year overall survival and relapse-free survival rates were significantly higher among patients treated at XYZ compared with those treated at ABC, there was no significant difference between patients treated for DLBCL in the two hospitals. Colorectal cancer patients treated at ABC were more likely to have undergone urgent surgery, to have delays before surgery or during chemotherapy, and to experience a system/patient-related service defect; whereas were less likely to complete a full course of AC.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cancer Care Facilities', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Hospitals, General', 'Hospitals, Voluntary', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poverty', 'Safety-net Providers', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 23,974,387
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N02.278.421.556.070'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['N02.278.421.389'], ['N02.278.421.481.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.880.735.634', 'I01.880.853.996.535', 'N01.824.600'], ['N04.590.374.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dumping syndrome in children.
|
Dumping syndrome developed in seven children after gastric surgery, (Nissen fundoplication in six, Whipple procedure in one). The patients ranged from age 10 months to 13 years, and four of the seven were neurologically impaired. The diagnosis was made by demonstrating an abnormal response to an orally administered glucose challenge. The pediatric literature records only eight cases, but we believe that dumping syndrome is more common in children than once believed. Dietary management can often dramatically diminish the associated symptoms.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dumping Syndrome', 'Gastric Fundus', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 3,806,293
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C06.405.748.630.310', 'C23.550.767.812.500'], ['A03.556.875.875.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A tale of two stories: astrocyte regulation of synaptic depression and facilitation.
|
Short-term presynaptic plasticity designates variations of the amplitude of synaptic information transfer whereby the amount of neurotransmitter released upon presynaptic stimulation changes over seconds as a function of the neuronal firing activity. While a consensus has emerged that the resulting decrease (depression) and/or increase (facilitation) of the synapse strength are crucial to neuronal computations, their modes of expression in vivo remain unclear. Recent experimental studies have reported that glial cells, particularly astrocytes in the hippocampus, are able to modulate short-term plasticity but the mechanism of such a modulation is poorly understood. Here, we investigate the characteristics of short-term plasticity modulation by astrocytes using a biophysically realistic computational model. Mean-field analysis of the model, supported by intensive numerical simulations, unravels that astrocytes may mediate counterintuitive effects. Depending on the expressed presynaptic signaling pathways, astrocytes may globally inhibit or potentiate the synapse: the amount of released neurotransmitter in the presence of the astrocyte is transiently smaller or larger than in its absence. But this global effect usually coexists with the opposite local effect on paired pulses: with release-decreasing astrocytes most paired pulses become facilitated, namely the amount of neurotransmitter released upon spike i+1 is larger than that at spike i, while paired-pulse depression becomes prominent under release-increasing astrocytes. Moreover, we show that the frequency of astrocytic intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations controls the effects of the astrocyte on short-term synaptic plasticity. Our model explains several experimental observations yet unsolved, and uncovers astrocytic gliotransmission as a possible transient switch between short-term paired-pulse depression and facilitation. This possibility has deep implications on the processing of neuronal spikes and resulting information transfer at synapses.
|
['Astrocytes', 'Calcium', 'Computer Simulation', 'Hippocampus', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Synapses', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 22,162,957
|
[['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['L01.224.160'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D27.505.519.625', 'D27.505.696.577'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Group trajectory analysis helps to identify older cancer survivors who benefit from distance-based lifestyle interventions.
|
BACKGROUND: The number of older cancer survivors is increasing as more adults survive to older ages. The objectives of this study were to examine trajectories of physical activity (PA) and physical function (PF) over a 2-year lifestyle counseling study and to identify characteristics of the trajectory groups.METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of Reach Out to Enhance Wellness, a randomized controlled trial of home-based lifestyle counseling. The 641 participants were older (?65 years), overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25 to <40 kg/m(2)), long-term community-dwelling survivors (>5 years) of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer from Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States (21 states) who had been randomly assigned to an immediate intervention or a 12-month-wait-listed control arm. The main outcome measures were PA and PF trajectory group membership.RESULTS: Three PA groups and 5 PF trajectory groups were observed. The baseline BMI (P < .001) and self-efficacy for performing strength (P < .0001) and endurance exercises (P < .0002) were the strongest predictors of achieving the highest amount of PA and the most favorable functional trajectory over 2 years. Individuals with low baseline self-efficacy, no PA, and a Short Form 36 PF subscale score < 65 did not benefit from the intervention.CONCLUSIONS: This study identified characteristics of survivors who benefited from home-based interventions and suggested alternative approaches for survivors requiring more structured and intensive interventions to promote behavioral changes.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Body Mass Index', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Canada', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Counseling', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Neoplasms', 'Overweight', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Risk Reduction Behavior', 'Self Efficacy', 'Survivors', 'Telephone', 'United Kingdom', 'United States', 'Waiting Lists']
| 26,512,712
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['C04'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['F01.145.699'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['M01.860'], ['L01.178.847.698'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Effect of thermal expansion on the accuracy of fit of cast crowns].
|
Extent and direction of dimensional changes in the finished cast crown resulting from the thermic expansion of the wax model are determined as a function of the time the crown was subjected to tempering as a function of tempering temperature. Expansion of the wax model does not come up to the expectation of preventing a reduction of the cast object.
|
['Crowns', 'Dental Casting Investment', 'Dental Casting Technique', 'Dental Models', 'Humans', 'Inlay Casting Wax', 'Temperature']
| 1,091,456
|
[['E06.780.346.250', 'E07.695.190.088'], ['D25.339.250', 'J01.637.051.339.250'], ['E06.780.250', 'E06.912.115'], ['E06.261', 'J01.897.280.500.545.129.200', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D25.339.334.574', 'J01.637.051.339.334.574'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of split virus influenza vaccination on theophylline pharmacokinetics.
|
The effects of split virus influenza vaccine on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline and the in vivo and in vitro induction of interferon were studied in 23 volunteers. No effect on the total body clearance, half-life, or mean residence time of theophylline was found as a result of influenza virus vaccine. Additionally, no interferon activity was detected in vivo for as long as 24 h after vaccination. Finally, no production of interferon occurred in tonsil or peripheral lymphocyte cultures inoculated with split virus vaccine. We conclude that split virus influenza vaccine does not affect theophylline pharmacokinetics. In addition, we find no evidence that split virus influenza vaccine functions as an interferon inducer in humans.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Influenza, Human', 'Interferons', 'Kinetics', 'Lung Diseases, Obstructive', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Theophylline', 'Vaccination']
| 2,408,526
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['C08.381.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Postoperative wound infection surveillance by use of bacterial contamination categories.
|
A prospective 2-year surveillance of 7129 wounds was conducted on all surgical services of the University Hospital in Seattle to determine the postoperative infection rates by surgical wound category. Rates on all services for clean (0.8%), clean-contaminated (3.4%), contaminated (3.6%), and dirty (9.9%) wounds were recorded and compared to rates reported in the surgical literature. The overall wound infection rate was 1.7%. When the incidence of infection for a specific service in a category was observed to be in excess of a previously reported upper rate, patient charts were critically reviewed to determine if host, pathogen, or technical factors could be implicated in the excessive infection rates. Extending postoperative wound surveillance to include critical chart analysis in these categories provides hospital staff members responsible for infection control the opportunity to organize corrective measures against excessive rates in a broader category of wounds.
|
['Bacterial Infections', 'Female', 'Hospital Bed Capacity, 300 to 499', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Washington']
| 3,850,727
|
[['C01.150.252'], ['N02.278.306.472.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E04'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560.900', 'Z01.107.567.875.580.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The pharmacodynamics of ivermectin in sheep and cattle.
|
The concentrations of ivermectin in the gastrointestinal tract of sheep and cattle were determined after subcutaneous administration of ivermectin. Ivermectin was not detected (limit of detection 1 ng/ml) in abomasal and ruminal fluids either after a normal therapeutic dose of 200 micrograms/kg or even at an increased dose of 2000 micrograms/kg. It was also not detected in abomasal and ruminal fluids of a sheep infected with the abomasal parasite Ostertagia circumcincta. However, ivermectin was detectable at similar concentrations in abomasal mucus and in small intestinal mucus. Excretion of ivermectin was high in bile but the concentrations in small intestinal mucus, distal and proximal to the bile duct opening, were similar. It is hypothesized that the low efficacy of ivermectin against small intestinal nematodes compared with abomasal nematodes is not due to differences in ivermectin concentrations in the predilection sites but is probably due to tachyphylaxis in the nematodes allowing the small intestinal nematodes to re-establish before they have left their predilection site. Ivermectin was excreted in the milk of ewes at concentrations similar to those in plasma. Lambs suckling ivermectin-treated ewes received about 4% of a normal therapeutic dose (200 micrograms/kg) via the milk.
|
['Animals', 'Bile', 'Cattle', 'Duodenum', 'Gastrointestinal Contents', 'Ileum', 'Ivermectin', 'Milk', 'Sheep', 'Species Specificity']
| 3,184,266
|
[['B01.050'], ['A12.200.087'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['A12.519'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['D02.540.576.500.997'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neuroprotective effects of colchicine in the gerbil model of cerebral ischaemia.
|
The tropolonic alkaloid colchicine significantly reduces the behavioural, electroencephalographic and histological damage seen after a 6-min occlusion of the two common carotid arteries of the Mongolian gerbil if the compound is administered at 2 or 4 mg/kg i.p. immediately upon reperfusion. A 45% increase in high-frequency ECoG activity and significant reduction of 80% in the hypermotility of the gerbils, with 63% less faults in a passive avoidance paradigm, were observed in conjunction with considerable protection of the hippocampus, after a single dose of 4 mg/kg colchicine. No adverse effects of colchicine treatment on animal movement and body weight were observable. Colchicine's possible mode of action, via inhibition of cellular transport systems, is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Body Temperature', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Carotid Artery, Common', 'Cell Death', 'Colchicine', 'Electroencephalography', 'Gerbillinae', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Neurons']
| 8,047,263
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['F01.145.113'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['A07.015.114.186.200'], ['G04.146'], ['D03.132.225'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.300'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term outcomes after surgical resection for gastric cancer liver metastasis: an analysis of 64 macroscopically complete resections.
|
PURPOSE: The indication for hepatectomy in cases of gastric cancer liver metastases (GLM) remains unclear and it remains controversial whether surgical resection is beneficial for GLM. The objective of this retrospective study was to clarify the indications for and benefit of hepatectomy for GLM.METHODS: Seventy-three patients underwent hepatectomies for GLM from January 1993 to January 2011. Macroscopically complete (R0 or R1) resection was achieved in 64 patients. Among them, 32 patients underwent synchronous hepatectomy with gastrectomy and the remaining 32 patients underwent metachronous hepatectomy. Repeat hepatectomy was done in 14 patients for resectable intrahepatic recurrences. Clinicopathological factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses among patients who received macroscopically complete resection for those affecting survival.RESULTS: The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates after macroscopically complete (R0 or R1) liver resection (n = 64) for GLM were 84, 50, and 37 %, respectively, with a median survival of 34 months. Univariate analysis identified serosal invasion of the primary gastric cancer and blood transfusions during surgery as poor prognosis indicators. By multivariate analysis, serosal invasion of the primary gastric cancer and larger hepatic tumor (>5 cm in diameter) were found to be independent indicators of poor prognosis.CONCLUSIONS: GLM patients with the maximum diameter of hepatic tumors of <5 cm and without serosal invasion of the primary gastric cancer are the best candidate for hepatectomy.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Cohort Studies', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Gastrectomy', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sex Factors', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Analysis', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,615,045
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E04.210.419'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
ABO hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn: thirteen years of data after implementing a universal bilirubin screening and management program.
|
OBJECTIVE: ABO hemolytic disease occurs among neonates with blood groups A or B delivered to group O women. Extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinemia due to ABO disease has been reported, but its frequency is not well known. We sought to determine the odds of developing severe ABO hemolytic disease in the 13 years since adopting universal bilirubin screening/management in the Intermountain Healthcare system.STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective analysis of neonates born between 2004 and 2016, defining "severe hemolytic disease" as; (1) total serum bilirubin (TSB) >25 mg/dL, or (2) hospital readmission for jaundice, or (3) bilirubin encephalopathy. Neonates born to group O (+) mothers were included and considered either; (1) Controls (not at risk for ABO disease because they were group O), (2) Study subjects (at risk for ABO disease because they were group A or B).RESULTS: Of 400,531 live births, 47% were to group O women; 86% of whom were group O (+). Overall, 42,529 (27%) neonates born to group O (+) women had their blood group determined; 29,729 (68%) were O, 10,682 (25%) A, and 3109 (7%) B. Peak TSBs during the first 10 days were higher in group A (11.0 ± 4.2 mg/dL) and B (11.5 ± 4.3) than group O neonates (10.3 ± 4.1). However the relative risks of a TSB ?25 mg/dL, readmission for jaundice, or kernicterus, were the same in the control vs. study groups.CONCLUSIONS: In our health system, severe hemolytic disease in neonates born to group O (+) woman is not more likely in group A or B neonates than in controls (group O). We recognize that in other practices, particularly those who do not have a universal bilirubin screening/management program, ABO hemolytic disease severity might be different than in our system.
|
['ABO Blood-Group System', 'Bilirubin', 'Databases, Factual', 'Erythroblastosis, Fetal', 'Female', 'Hemolysis', 'Humans', 'Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Kernicterus', 'Male', 'Patient Readmission', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Utah']
| 29,410,540
|
[['D23.050.301.290.031', 'D23.050.705.230.031'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['C13.703.277.060', 'C15.378.295', 'C16.300.060', 'C16.614.304', 'C20.306'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C16.614.451', 'C23.550.429.249'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C10.228.140.163.480', 'C15.378.295.502', 'C16.614.304.502', 'C18.452.132.480', 'C20.306.502', 'C23.550.429.750'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Analyses of signal transduction cascades reveal an essential role of calcium ions for regulation of melatonin biosynthesis in the light-sensitive pineal organ of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
|
Signal transduction processes regulating melatonin production in the light-sensitive trout pineal organ were investigated by immunocytochemical and immunochemical demonstration of phosphorylated cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (pCREB) and measurements of cyclic AMP, melatonin, and calcium levels. Melatonin levels were tightly controlled by light and darkness. Elevation of cyclic AMP levels by 8-bromo-cyclic AMP, forskolin, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine increased the levels of pCREB and melatonin in light- or dark-adapted pineal organs in vitro. Without pharmacological treatment, the levels of pCREB and cyclic AMP remained constant for several hours before and after light onset. Inhibition of cyclic AMP-dependent proteasomal proteolysis by lactacystin, MG 132, and calpain inhibitor I did not prevent the rapid, light-induced suppression of melatonin biosynthesis. However, changes in the intracellular calcium concentration by drugs affecting voltage-gated calcium channels of the L type and intracellular calcium oscillations (cobalt chloride, nifedipine, Bay K 8644) had dramatic effects on the rapid, light-dependent changes in melatonin levels. These effects were not accompanied by changes in cyclic AMP levels. Thus, the rapid, light-dependent changes in melatonin levels in the trout pineal organ are regulated apparently by a novel calcium signaling pathway and do not involve changes in cyclic AMP levels, cyclic AMP-dependent proteasomal proteolysis, or phosphorylation of cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein.
|
['1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine', 'Animals', 'Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Colforsin', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein', 'Cysteine Endopeptidases', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Melatonin', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Oncorhynchus mykiss', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'Phosphorylation', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Pineal Gland', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 10,820,209
|
[['D03.633.100.759.758.824.751.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.138'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['D02.455.849.291.300'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D12.776.260.108.184', 'D12.776.930.127.184'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200'], ['G05.297'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.825.580.600'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['E05.723.729'], ['A06.300.635', 'A06.688.733', 'A08.186.211.180.200.680', 'A08.186.211.200.317.200.620', 'A08.713.733'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Parenchymal versus reticuloendothelial iron overload in the liver: distinction with MR imaging.
|
Parenchymal iron deposition occurs in hemochromatosis, while iron is deposited in reticuloendothelial (RE) cells after blood transfusions or rhabdomyolysis. Magnetic resonance images of patients with decreased liver signal intensity on T2-weighted images at 1.5 T were blindly compared in an effort to distinguish these conditions. In each of five patients with hemochromatosis, the pancreas had low signal intensity, but splenic signal intensity was decreased in only one. In contrast, only three of the 16 patients with RE iron overload had low pancreatic signal intensity, while all of these patients either had low splenic signal intensity (n = 14) or previously underwent splenectomy (n = 2). Distinction among these causes of iron deposition is clinically important because parenchymal iron overload from hemochromatosis may produce significant tissue damage, while the RE iron of transfusions and rhabdomyolysis is of little clinical consequence.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Female', 'Hemochromatosis', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Kupffer Cells', 'Liver', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Spleen', 'Transfusion Reaction']
| 2,014,275
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C16.320.565.618.337', 'C18.452.565.500.480', 'C18.452.648.618.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['A11.329.372.588', 'A11.627.482.588', 'A11.733.397.588', 'A15.382.670.522.588', 'A15.382.680.397.588'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.734'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['C15.378.962', 'C20.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
ANCA-negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis complicated with recurrent massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
|
On April 25, 2003, a 62-year-old Japanese man had been admitted to a hospital because of heavy proteinuria and elevated serum creatinine level, and purpura on the lower extremities. On May 15, 2003, he was referred to our hospital for evaluation and treatment. Serum immunoglobulin and complements were within normal ranges. Immune serology was negative for antinuclear antibody, antiglomerular basement membrane antibody, and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. Histological examination of a percutaneous renal biopsy specimen revealed that all of the glomeruli had severe crescent formation without deposits of immunoreactants. A diagnosis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis was made. The patient was treated with one cycle of steroid pulse therapy (1000 mg methylprednisolone daily, given on 3 consecutive days), and subsequently with prednisolone (60 mg/day). Despite this treatment, renal failure progressed rapidly and hemodialysis was started 1 month after the acute presentation. On May 30, 2003, he suddenly developed massive hematochezia. A technetium-targeted red-blood-cell scan suggested bleeding in the small intestine. On June 11, he presented with massive melena. A bleeding ulcer was found in the third part of the duodenum, and was treated successfully with endoscopy, using a heater probe. On June 19, he presented with massive hematochezia again. Mesenteric angiography revealed active bleeding from the iliac branch of the superior mesenteric artery. He was treated with continuous intraarterial vasopressin infusion by a catheter seated in the branch artery. The majority of patients with pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis, one of the most common causes of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, have glomerular disease as part of a systemic vasculitis. Massive gastrointestinal bleeding, although rare, should be considered one of the serious complications in these patients.
|
['Angiography', 'Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Glomerulonephritis', 'Humans', 'Kidney Glomerulus', 'Male', 'Mesenteric Arteries', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Middle Aged', 'Recurrence']
| 15,980,955
|
[['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.190', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.190', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.190', 'D23.101.050'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['C12.777.419.570.363', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453.324.359', 'A05.810.453.736.520'], ['A07.015.114.565'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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