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Double-stranded RNA elements associated with the MVX disease of Agaricus bisporus.
|
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been isolated from Agaricus bisporus fruit bodies exhibiting a wide range of disease symptoms. The symptoms which occurred singularly or in combination included; bare cropping areas on commercial beds (primordia disruption), crop delay, premature veil opening, off- or brown-coloured mushrooms, sporophore malformations and loss of crop yield. All symptoms were associated with loss of yield and/or product quality. Collectively, these symptoms are described as mushroom virus X (MVX) disease. The dsRNA titre was much lower than that previously encountered with the La France viral disease of mushrooms and a modified cellulose CF11 protocol was used for their detection. A broad survey of cultivated mushrooms from the British industry identified dsRNA elements ranging between 640 bp and 20.2 kbp; the majority have not previously been described in A. bisporus. 26 dsRNA elements were identified with a maximum of 17, apparently non-encapsidated dsRNA elements, in any one sample. Three dsRNAs (16.2, 9.4 and 2.4 kbp) were routinely found in mushrooms asymptomatic for MVX. Previously, La France disease was effectively contained and controlled by minimising the on-farm production and spread of basidiospores. Our on-farm observations suggest that MVX could be spread by infected spores and/or mycelial fragments.
|
['Agaricus', 'Agriculture', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Viruses', 'RNA Viruses', 'RNA, Double-Stranded', 'RNA, Viral']
| 12,747,325
|
[['B01.300.179.100.105'], ['J01.040'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['G15.610'], ['B04.715'], ['B04.820'], ['D13.444.735.490', 'G02.111.570.820.486.775', 'G05.360.580.775'], ['D13.444.735.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Scattered-light intensity fluctuations in diastolic rat cardiac muscle caused by spontaneous Ca++-dependent cellular mechanical oscillations.
|
Laser light scattered by nonstimulated rat cardiac muscle bathed in physiological saline containing a [Ca++] of 0.4-2.5 mM displays scattered-light intensity fluctuations (SLIF); the frequencies of both SLIF and resting force are Ca++ dependent. Direct inspection of these muscles by phase-contrast microscopy under incoherent illumination revealed the presence of spontaneous asynchronous cellular motions that are also Ca++ dependent. The physical properties of the scattered light are compatible with the hypothesis that SLIF are due to the diastolic motion, except for the dependence on scattering angle, which may be perturbed because the muscles are optically thick. To determine whether diastolic SLIF and motion are an intrinsic property of activated myofilaments, photon-counting auto-correlation of the scattered light was performed both in rat right-ventricular papillary muscles skinned with the detergent Triton X-100 (1%) and in muscles with intact membranes under conditions that alter cellular Ca++ fluxes. In skinned muscles activated over a range of Ca++ from threshold to maximum force production, neither SLIF nor asynchronous motion was observed when Ca++ was buffered to constant values. In intact muscles the frequency of SLIF and the amplitude of diastolic motion were (a) markedly increased by substituting K+ or Li+ for Na+ in the bath; (b) not altered by verapamil (1 microM); and (c) reversibly abolished by caffeine (greater than or equal to 10 mM). These properties are exactly those of mechanical oscillations that have been observed in isolated cardiac cell fragments, which are the result Ca++ oscillations caused by Ca++ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). We infer that mechanical oscillations caused by spontaneous Ca++-induced Ca++ release from the SR occur in intact nonstimulated cardiac muscle even in the absence of Ca++ overload and are the principle cause of SLIF, and that myoplasmic [Ca++] in "resting" muscle is not in a microscopic steady state.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Diastole', 'Heart', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Microscopy', 'Models, Biological', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Scattering, Radiation']
| 6,886,671
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['A07.541'], ['E05.481'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transesophageal color Doppler echocardiography during mechanical assist circulation.
|
Information available to determine the optimal timing for separation of patients (pts) from mechanical assist circulation (MAC) is usually limited, due to the difficulty of transfer of patients with heavy MAC systems. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of transesophageal color Doppler echocardiography (TEE) in management of patients during MAC, we examined 37 pts (32, intra-aortic balloon pumping = IABP; 4, left ventricular assist device = LVAD; 1, right VAD = RVAD) by TEE. In the other 3 pts, thoracic aneurysms (AN) (2, dissecting An; 1, true AN) were detected by TEE, which were contraindications to safe introduction of IABPs. In 29 pts on IABPs, 2 pts with LVADs, and in 1 pt with a RVAD, patients were safely weaned from MACs with confirmation of full recovery of cardiac function by TEE. However, repeat introduction of IABP support was needed in 2 pts due to severe residual mitral regurgitation, even after initial success; these became the cause of late multiple organ failure. In one pt with a LVAD, a detrimental right to left shunt through the patent foramen ovale, which resulted in severe desaturation of the arterial blood oxygenation, was detected by TEE. Left main coronary flow was measured by TEE and found to increase by 55% on IABP and by 67% on a LVAD. In conclusion, TEE is the only currently available diagnostic tool for total evaluation of cardiac function in an intensive care unit, which can provide very important information for management of patients on MACs.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Assisted Circulation', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Esophagus', 'Female', 'Heart Diseases', 'Heart Failure', 'Heart-Assist Devices', 'Humans', 'Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 2,597,574
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.050'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['C14.280'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E04.050.430', 'E07.695.300.300', 'E07.858.082.374.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.050.215.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Low Vitamin B(12) level as a risk factor for very early recurrent abortion.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between Vitamin B(12) deficiency and early recurrent abortion (ERA) or very early recurrent abortion (VERA) abortion around 5 weeks of amenorrhea.STUDY DESIGN: Serum B(12), folate and homocysteine levels were carried out in 110 consecutive women with unexplained ERA or VERA and in 96 women with one or more children and no abortion history.RESULTS: Ten women were found to have low serum B(12) levels versus one in the control group. A total of 50% of these had raised homocysteine. No difference was noticed between cases and controls for folate. Among women with low serum B(12) level and ERA, 87.5% of the abortions were VERA. Vitamin B(12) supplementation led to four normal pregnancies in five women who became pregnant again. In a statistical analysis performed on five studies in which serum B(12) was assayed in ERA, including ours, a significant relationship was found between ERA and Vitamin B(12) deficiency.CONCLUSION: Vitamin B(12) deficiency may be involved in ERA. Vitamin B(12) assay should be done in ERA women whether or not hematological abnormalities are present.
|
['Abortion, Habitual', 'Adult', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Risk Factors', 'Vitamin B 12', 'Vitamin B 12 Deficiency']
| 12,206,930
|
[['C13.703.039.089'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.437.777', 'D03.633.400.909.437.777', 'D04.345.783.437.777'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.923']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Disruption of fungal cell wall by antifungal Echinacea extracts.
|
In addition to widespread use in reducing the symptoms of colds and flu, Echinacea is traditionally employed to treat fungal and bacterial infections. However, to date the mechanism of antimicrobial activity of Echinacea extracts remains unclear. We utilized a set of ∼4,600 viable gene deletion mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to identify mutations that increase sensitivity to Echinacea. Thus, a set of chemical-genetic profiles for 16 different Echinacea treatments was generated, from which a consensus set of 23 Echinacea-sensitive mutants was identified. Of the 23 mutants, only 16 have a reported function. Ten of these 16 are involved in cell wall integrity/structure suggesting that a target for Echinacea is the fungal cell wall. Follow-up analyses revealed an increase in sonication-associated cell death in the yeasts S. cerevisiae and Cryptococcus neoformans after Echinacea extract treatments. Furthermore, fluorescence microscopy showed that Echinacea-treated S. cerevisiae was significantly more prone to cell wall damage than non-treated cells. This study further demonstrates the potential of gene deletion arrays to understand natural product antifungal mode of action and provides compelling evidence that the fungal cell wall is a target of Echinacea extracts and may thus explain the utility of this phytomedicine in treating mycoses.
|
['Antifungal Agents', 'Cell Wall', 'Cryptococcus neoformans', 'Drug Resistance, Fungal', 'Echinacea', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Plant Extracts', 'Point Mutation', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 20,429,770
|
[['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['A11.284.183'], ['B01.300.381.258.366', 'B01.300.930.316.366'], ['G06.225.383', 'G07.690.773.984.269.383'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.310'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Plasma 2-hydroxyglutarate, a promising prognostic biomarker candidate for skeletal muscle injury in Fischer 344 rats.
|
Previously, we have demonstrated the potential of plasma 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) as an easily detectable biomarker for skeletal muscle injury in rats. Here, we examined whether plasma 2HG was superior to conventional skeletal muscle damage biomarkers, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), and skeletal muscle-type CK isoenzyme (CK-MM) levels, in rats. Skeletal muscle injury was induced in 4- or 9-week-old male Fischer 344 rats by cerivastatin (CER) or tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD) administration. Plasma 2HG levels were measured on days 4, 8, and 11 (CER group) and at 6 and 24 hr post-administration (TMPD group). Plasma AST, CK, and CK-MM activities and histopathological changes in the rectus femoris muscle were evaluated at the study endpoints. In the CER group, AST, CK, and CK-MM increased in 4- and 9-week-old rats, whereas increases in CK (4- and 9-week-old rats) and CK-MM (4-week-old rats) were not obvious in the TMPD group. In both 4- and 9-week-old rats, plasma 2HG increased on day 8 and at 24 hr post-administration in the CER and TMPD groups, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed myofiber vacuolation and necrosis in both groups. The histopathological damage to the rectus femoris muscle was more severe in the CER than in the TMPD group. Increased plasma 2HG was associated with CER- and TMPD-induced skeletal muscle injuries in rats and was not affected by age differences or repeated blood collection. The results suggest that plasma 2HG is superior to CK and CK-MM as a biomarker for mild skeletal muscle injury.
|
['Aniline Compounds', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Glutarates', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Myofibrils', 'Necrosis', 'Pyridines', 'Quadriceps Muscle', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Time Factors', 'Vacuoles']
| 30,298,848
|
[['D02.092.146'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.241.081.337.351'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['A10.690.552.875', 'A11.284.430.214.190.750.620', 'A11.620.249.850', 'A11.620.500.500'], ['C23.550.717'], ['D03.383.725'], ['A02.633.567.850'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.920']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Site-Selective Synthesis of (15)N- and (13)C-Enriched Flavin Mononucleotide Coenzyme Isotopologues.
|
Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) is a coenzyme for numerous proteins involved in key cellular and physiological processes. Isotopically labeled flavin is a powerful tool for studying the structure and mechanism of flavoenzyme-catalyzed reactions by a variety of techniques, including NMR, IR, Raman, and mass spectrometry. In this report, we describe the preparation of labeled FMN isotopologues enriched with (15)N and (13)C isotopes at various sites in the pyrazine and pyrimidine rings of the isoalloxazine core of the cofactor from readily available precursors by a five-step chemo-enzymatic synthesis.
|
['Carbon Isotopes', 'Coenzymes', 'Flavin Mononucleotide', 'Isotope Labeling', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Nitrogen Isotopes', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman']
| 27,176,708
|
[['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['D08.211'], ['D03.633.100.733.315.650.500', 'D03.633.300.507.650.500', 'D08.211.474.650.500', 'D13.695.827.349', 'D23.767.405.650.500'], ['E05.522'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D01.268.604.500', 'D01.362.625.500', 'D01.496.586'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Research status, development and utilization of traditional Dai medicine in China].
|
OBJECTIVE: To provide a reference for the development and utilization of Dai medicine by investigate the present situation and existing problems of traditional Dai medicine.METHOD: Combined with the previous relevant investigations and literature in the field, the key and the development direction of traditional Dai medicine were analyzed.RESULT: The textual research, history, species, distribution, endangered resources, protection status etc. were elaborated and the key strategy of further investigation was expounded.CONCLUSION: Dai medicine resources should strengthen the basic research, such as the protection of traditional knowledge, the textual research, quality standard, chemical composition, biological activity, exploration of medicinal resources, especially monographic study on protection of major endangered medicinal resources should be intensified, which will be rise the level of development and utilization of Dai medicine resources.
|
['China', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'History, 20th Century', 'History, Ancient', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional', 'Plants, Medicinal']
| 25,993,781
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['K01.400.470'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520'], ['B01.650.560']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Increasing the injection volume by dilution improves the onset of motor blockade, but not sensory blockade of ropivacaine for brachial plexus block.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Ropivacaine used for axillary plexus block provides effective motor and sensory blockade. Varying clinical dosage recommendations exist. Increasing the dosage by increasing the concentration showed no improvement in onset. We compared the behaviour of a constant dose of ropivacaine 150 mg diluted in a 30, 40 or 60 mL injection volume for axillary (brachial) plexus block.METHODS: A prospective, randomized, observer-blinded study on patients undergoing elective hand surgery was conducted in a community hospital. Three groups of patients with a constant dose of ropivacaine 150 mg, diluted in 30,40 or 60 mL NaCl 0.9%, for axillary plexus blockade were compared for onset times of motor and sensory block onset by assessing muscle strength, two-point discrimination and constant-touch sensation.RESULTS: Increasing the injection volume of ropivacaine 150 mg to 60 mL led to a faster onset of motor block, but not of sensory block, in axillary plexus block, compared with 30 or 40 mL volumes of injection.CONCLUSIONS: The data show that the onset of motor, but not of sensory block, is accelerated by increasing the injection volume to 60 mL using ropivacaine 150 mg for axillary plexus block. This may be useful for a more rapid determination of whether the brachial plexus block is effective. However, when performing surgery in the area of the block, sensory block onset seems more important.
|
['Amides', 'Anesthetics, Local', 'Brachial Plexus', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Female', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Nerve Block', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Prospective Studies', 'Ropivacaine', 'Sensation', 'Touch']
| 12,553,384
|
[['D02.065'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['A08.800.800.720.050'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.723.402'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['G11.427.494'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D02.065.199.825', 'D02.092.146.113.825'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Application of a noninvasive oral fluid test for detection of treponemal IgG in a predominantly HIV-infected population.
|
The performance of a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) for detection of treponemal IgG from oral fluid specimens has been assessed in a predominantly HIV-infected population. Serological investigation is the method of choice for confirming clinical suspicion of syphilis; however, in the primary stage of disease, direct detection of treponemes in lesion fluid or Treponema pallidum DNA is recommended because of the reduced sensitivity of serological tests. There may be occasions when blood for serological investigation is difficult to obtain due to individual patient preference or logistical necessity to improve participation in screening initiatives, particularly in outreach situations. Collection of oral fluid for detection of treponemal antibody may prove an attractive alternative and, with this in mind, an oral fluid assay for detection of treponemal IgG was developed. Time-resolved fluorescence was used to detect treponemal IgG extracted from commercially available oral fluid collection devices. Paired serum and saliva samples were obtained from 210 individuals, 101 of whom were diagnosed with syphilis on the grounds of medical examination confirmed by serological testing. Oral fluid specimens from 14 subjects were rejected because they contained insufficient control antibody or were inhibitory. The population tested was predominantly men who have sex with men, many of whom were HIV infected. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the oral fluid assay was 95.8 and 86.1%, respectively, based on the 5th percentile of the positive results, and 93.7 and 91.1%, respectively, based on a cutoff derived by mixture model analysis. For individuals with primary syphilis, the optimum sensitivity of the oral fluid assay was 87.5%, whereas in those with disease classified as secondary syphilis and early latent syphilis, the sensitivity of the oral fluid assay was 100 and 94.7%, respectively. The oral fluid assay is a useful alternative to serological testing in certain situations, and further development of this technology to enable detection of treponemal IgM should increase its sensitivity for detecting cases of primary syphilis.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Fluorescence', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Male', 'Saliva', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Syphilis', 'Treponema pallidum']
| 17,061,098
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['A12.200.666'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C01.150.252.400.794.840.500', 'C01.150.252.400.840.500', 'C01.150.252.734.859', 'C01.221.812.281.859', 'C01.778.281.859', 'C12.294.668.281.859', 'C13.351.500.711.281.859'], ['B03.440.425.410.711.795.840', 'B03.851.595.795.840']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Direct determination of saturable and non-saturable calcium uptake in the developing rat duodenum.
|
Significant changes in saturable and non-saturable intestinal calcium uptake processes occur during development of the rat. A modified 'free floating disc' assay was used to measure total, active and passive duodenal calcium uptake on matching duodenal segments from male Sprague Dawley rats aged 14 to 56 days of age. The results were compared and found to give patterns similar to data published for the in situ ligated loop technique.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Calcium', 'Duodenum', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 8,558,828
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['G03.143.310'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['E05.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The effects of Peking Union Medical College Hospital Critical Ultrasonic Management scheme on the etiological diagnosis of dyspnea and/or hemodynamic instability in ICU patients].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) Critical Ultrasonic Management (PCUM) scheme on the etiological diagnosis and treatment decisions for the patients with dyspnea and/or hemodynamic instability in ICU.METHODS: Patients who suffered from dyspnea and/or hemodynamic instability in PUMCH ICU were included in this study. The time to preliminary diagnosis, time to final diagnosis, diagnostic accuracy, time to accurate treatment, time to consultation with other specialties, time to other examinations were recorded.RESULTS: A total of 129 patients were included in this study. In patients applied with PCUM scheme, time to preliminary diagnosis, final diagnosis and accurate treatment were (15 ± 6)min, (65 ± 16)min and (34 ± 14)min respectively, and the accuracy of diagnosis was 93.0%. PCUM patients had high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)(sensitivity 90.2%/specificity 93.6%), distributive shock(sensitivity 92.5%/specificity 93.6%) and pulmonary edema(sensitivity 93.4%/specificity 92.7%) etc.CONCLUSIONS: The PCUM scheme is associated with short time to preliminary diagnosis and high diagnostic accuracy and could improve the treatment for patients with dyspnea and/or hemodynamic instability.
|
['Dyspnea', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Physical Examination', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ultrasonics']
| 25,567,151
|
[['C08.618.326', 'C23.888.852.371'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E01.370.600'], ['C08.381.742'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['H01.671.031.849']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Peptide probes detect misfolded transthyretin oligomers in plasma of hereditary amyloidosis patients.
|
Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that soluble misfolded protein assemblies contribute to the degeneration of postmitotic tissue in amyloid diseases. However, there is a dearth of reliable nonantibody-based probes for selectively detecting oligomeric aggregate structures circulating in plasma or deposited in tissues, making it difficult to scrutinize this hypothesis in patients. Hence, understanding the structure-proteotoxicity relationships driving amyloid diseases remains challenging, hampering the development of early diagnostic and novel treatment strategies. We report peptide-based probes that selectively label misfolded transthyretin (TTR) oligomers circulating in the plasma of TTR hereditary amyloidosis patients exhibiting a predominant neuropathic phenotype. These probes revealed that there are much fewer misfolded TTR oligomers in healthy controls, in asymptomatic carriers of mutations linked to amyloid polyneuropathy, and in patients with TTR-associated cardiomyopathies. The absence of misfolded TTR oligomers in the plasma of cardiomyopathy patients suggests that the tissue tropism observed in the TTR amyloidoses is structure-based. Misfolded oligomers decrease in TTR amyloid polyneuropathy patients treated with disease-modifying therapies (tafamidis or liver transplant-mediated gene therapy). In a subset of TTR amyloid polyneuropathy patients, the probes also detected a circulating TTR fragment that disappeared after tafamidis treatment. Proteomic analysis of the isolated TTR oligomers revealed a specific patient-associated signature composed of proteins that likely associate with the circulating TTR oligomers. Quantification of plasma oligomer concentrations using peptide probes could become an early diagnostic strategy, a response-to-therapy biomarker, and a useful tool for understanding structure-proteotoxicity relationships in the TTR amyloidoses.
|
['Amyloidosis, Familial', 'Benzoxazoles', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Diazomethane', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Ions', 'Light', 'Molecular Probes', 'Molecular Weight', 'Peptides', 'Prealbumin', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Proteolysis', 'Proteomics', 'Solubility']
| 28,904,227
|
[['C16.320.565.176', 'C18.452.648.176', 'C18.452.845.500.075'], ['D03.633.100.221'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['D02.172.383.383'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D27.505.259.750', 'D27.720.470.530'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776.034.841.450', 'D12.776.124.727.750'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.694'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['G02.111.720', 'G03.812'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibition of cerebroside synthesis in the brains of mice treated with L-cycloserine.
|
Subcutaneous injection of L-cycloserine resulted in a 28% reduction in cerebroside levels in mouse brain but had no effect on the levels of gangliosides. In contrast, intraperitoneal injection results in a reduction of ganglioside as well as cerebroside + sulfatide levels. The route of injection influenced the degree of 3-ketodihydrosphingosine synthase inhibition. Intraperitoneal injection caused a rapid decrease in synthase activity followed by recovery over 48 hr, whereas subcutaneous injection resulted in no inhibition over this time; only after daily injection for a week was synthase activity reduced 35%. One week following cessation of L-cycloserine administration, enzyme activity had recovered, whereas the cerebroside level continued to fall. All lipids and enzymes showed normal levels 3 weeks post-cycloserine administration. L-[3H]serine incorporation into glycolipids showed that cerebroside synthesis was most affected, whereas sulfatide synthesis was less affected. One week after cessation of cycloserine treatment, cerebroside synthesis was still severely inhibited, whereas sulfatide levels were near normal. Two weeks after cessation of L-cycloserine administration, synthesis of these glycolipids was similar to that of controls.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Cerebrosides', 'Cycloserine', 'Gangliosides', 'Glycolipids', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Oxo-Acid-Lyases', 'Tritium']
| 4,009,064
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D02.065.313.250', 'D09.400.410.420.525.200.250', 'D10.390.470.675.200.250', 'D10.570.877.360.612.200.250'], ['D03.383.129.385.162', 'D03.383.129.462.600.162', 'D12.125.154.800.750'], ['D09.400.410.420.025.475', 'D10.390.470.025.475', 'D10.570.877.360.025.475'], ['D09.400.410', 'D10.390'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.520.224.600'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanism of paracetamol-induced hypotension in critically ill patients: a prospective observational cross-over study.
|
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanism of hypotension following intravenous administration of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to patients on the Intensive Care Unit.DESIGN: Prospective observational cross-over study.SETTING: Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Kr?lovsk? Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic.METHODS: Ventilated critically ill patients monitored by PiCCO and administered intravenous paracetamol at the same time were eligible for the study. We recorded haemodynamic indices, as well as core and peripheral temperatures, continuously for 3 h after the dose of paracetamol. Ranitidine was then used as a control drug known not to influence haemodynamics.RESULTS: We included 6 subjects, and recorded 48 cycles of observations after administration of paracetamol, and 35 cycles after administration of the control drug. Haemodynamic parameters were not different at the baseline and administration of control drug did not result in any change in haemodynamics. After intravenous paracetamol, mean arterial pressure (MAP) dropped by 7% (p<0.001) with a nadir at the 19th minute. In 22 measurement cycles (45%) we noted >15% reduction in MAP with paracetamol. Analysis of these cycles suggests that hypotension with paracetamol can be caused by reduction of both cardiac index and systemic vascular resistance. In febrile cycles paracetamol caused narrowing of the gradient between central and peripheral temperatures suggesting skin vasodilation. These changes were not correlated to a change of systemic vascular resistance at any time point.CONCLUSION: Hypotension with intravenous paracetamol in critically ill patients is caused by a reduction of both cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. We did not demonstrate any relation between haemodynamic changes and antipyretic action of paracetamol. A possibility that cardiac output is reduced with paracetamol might be clinically important.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Aged', 'Antipyretics', 'Body Temperature', 'Critical Illness', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypotension', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies']
| 22,424,816
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.068'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['C23.550.291.625'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.514'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rapid decompression of congenital hydrocephalus associated with parenchymal hemorrhage.
|
A newborn boy with congenital hydrocephalus was diagnosed with aqueductal stenosis using magnetic resonance imaging. Low-resistance ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement was followed by clinical deterioration. Repeat imaging studies revealed a collapsed cortical mantle with subdural hemorrhage. In addition to subdural blood, often associated with marked cerebral conformational changes, extensive intraparenchymal hemorrhage was seen. For extreme congenital hydrocephalus, ventriculoperitoneal shunts with greater resistance to flow than the currently used neonatal shunt devices may be indicated, to allow a more gradual ventricular decompression.
|
['Brain', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Hydrocephalus', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt']
| 7,579,757
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.602'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E04.035.188.850', 'E04.525.170.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood: case report.
|
We report the case of a 3 1/2 year old girl who had had attacks of alternating hemiplegia from the age of 6 months. Peculiar features from the etiopathogenetic angle seem to be the presence of a ring of mild stenosis of the vertebral artery on the right side, the influence of the upright posture on the onset of the attacks and perhaps also of variations in atmospheric pressure. The only drug that had some effect was flunarizine. Phenobartbital, haloperidol and nadolol had no appreciable effect.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Constriction, Pathologic', 'Female', 'Flunarizine', 'Hemiplegia', 'Humans', 'Posture', 'Radiography', 'Vertebral Artery']
| 1,624,283
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.300.287'], ['D03.383.606.450'], ['C10.597.622.295', 'C23.888.592.636.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['A07.015.114.955']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Adenosine A1 receptor potentiated glycinergic transmission in spinal cord dorsal horn of rats after peripheral inflammation.
|
Adenosine is present at the extracellular space within spinal cord dorsal horn and engaged in the processing of nociceptive sensory signals. Systemic or spinal administration of exogenous adenosine produces a potent analgesia against pathological pain. Here we found that inhibitory glycinergic neurotransmission was an important target for adenosine regulation. In spinal cord slices from intact rats, adenosine increased the inhibitory postsynaptic currents mediated by glycine receptors (GlyRs). In spinal slices from Complete Freund's Adjuvant-injected rats, adenosine potentiated glycinergic transmission to a more degree than in control rats. This synaptic potentiation was dependent on the activation of adenosine A1 receptor (A1R), and attributed to the modification of postsynaptic GlyRs function. The Gi protein-coupled A1R typically signals through Gái/cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and Gâã pathways. We found that blockade of either Gái/PKA or Gâã signaling attenuated the ability of adenosine to increase glycinergic synaptic responses in inflamed rats. To identify which GlyRs subunit was subjected to A1R regulation, we recorded glycine-evoked whole-cell currents in HEK293T cells co-transfected with A1R and distinct GlyRs subunit. We found that á1, the most abundant functional GlyRs subunit in adult spinal cord, was insensitive to A1R activation. However, when GlyRs á3 subunit or á1ins subunit, a longer á1 isoform, was co-expressed with A1R, adenosine caused a significant increase of glycinergic currents. Inhibition of PKA and Gâã abolished the stimulatory effects of A1R on á3 and á1ins, respectively. These data suggested that A1R might potentiate glycinergic transmission through Gái/PKA/á3 and Gâã/á1ins pathways in inflamed rat.
|
['Adenosine', 'Animals', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials', 'Male', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptor, Adenosine A1', 'Receptors, Glycine', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn']
| 28,882,563
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['G04.580.887.374', 'G07.265.675.887.374', 'G07.265.755.500', 'G07.265.880.750.400', 'G11.561.570.918.374', 'G11.561.616.500', 'G11.561.830.750.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.700.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.700.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.781', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.781', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.781', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.200', 'D12.776.543.750.130.625', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.470'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A08.186.854.697']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Arabidopsis H+-PPase AVP1 regulates auxin-mediated organ development.
|
The transport of auxin controls developmental events in plants. Here, we report that in addition to maintaining vacuolar pH, the H+-pyrophosphatase, AVP1, controls auxin transport and consequently auxin-dependent development. AVP1 overexpression results in increased cell division at the onset of organ formation, hyperplasia, and increased auxin transport. In contrast, avp1-1 null mutants have severely disrupted root and shoot development and reduced auxin transport. Changes in the expression of AVP1 affect the distribution and abundance of the P-adenosine triphosphatase and Pinformed 1 auxin efflux facilitator, two proteins implicated in auxin distribution. Thus, AVP1 facilitates the auxin fluxes that regulate organogenesis.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Shape', 'Cell Wall', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Indoleacetic Acids', 'Inorganic Pyrophosphatase', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Meristem', 'Microsomes', 'Mutation', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Roots', 'Proton Pumps', 'RNA Interference', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transformation, Genetic']
| 16,210,544
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['G03.143'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.320'], ['A11.284.183'], ['G02.300'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['D03.066.288', 'D03.633.100.473.404'], ['D08.811.277.040.600.399', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.487', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.487'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['A18.024.875.875', 'A18.024.937.500', 'A18.400.500'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A18.024.812'], ['A18.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250.875', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G05.728.865']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fibromatosis of the larynx in the adult.
|
We describe the fourth case of aggressive fibromatosis of the larynx arising in an adult. Most cases of laryngeal fibromatosis have been described in children. In the larynx it may behave the same as in other sites, with local aggressiveness but without metastasis. The possible differential diagnoses are discussed.
|
['Aged', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Fibroma', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Neoplasms', 'Male']
| 2,614,246
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.171'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.443.665.481', 'C08.360.369', 'C08.785.481', 'C09.400.369', 'C09.647.481']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fluorinated amphiphilic amino acid derivatives as antioxidant carriers: a new class of protective agents.
|
The use of classical antioxidants is limited by their low bioavailabilities, and therefore, high doses are usually required to display significant protective activity. In a recent article (J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 5230) we showed that the ability of the alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) to restore the viability of ATPase-deficient human skin fibroblasts was greatly enhanced by grafting it on a fluorinated amphiphilic carrier. With the aim of extending this concept to other antioxidants, we present here the design, the synthesis, and the physicochemical measurements of a new series of fluorinated amphiphilic antioxidant derivatives. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and the radical reducing potency of these newly designed compounds were respectively demonstrated in an ABTS competition and an ABTS(*+) reduction assay. We also showed that the protective effects of amphiphilic antioxidants derived from PBN, Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) or lipoic acid (5-[1,2]-dithiolan-3-ylpentanoic acid) in primary cortical mixed cell cultures exposed to oxidotoxins are greatly improved compared to their parent compounds in the following rank-order: (1) PBN, (2) Trolox, and (3) lipoic acid. In contrast, the protective activity of indole-3-propionic acid was slightly decreased by grafting it on the amphiphilic carrier. Similar observations were made in in vivo experiments using aquatic invertebrate microorganisms, called rotifers, which were exposed to lethal concentrations of nonselective (H(2)O(2)) and mitochondria-selective (doxorubicin) oxidotoxins. The conclusion of these studies is that fluorinated amphiphilic PBN, Trolox, and lipoic acid derivatives exhibit very potent protective activities in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The findings demonstrated herein therefore strongly suggest that the amphiphilic character enhances the bioavailability of the antioxidants and allows for a selective targeting of mitochondria.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Cell Death', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Doxorubicin', 'Fluorine', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Protective Agents', 'Surface-Active Agents']
| 16,640,342
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['G04.146'], ['A11.251'], ['G02'], ['H01.181.529'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['D01.268.380.300'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D27.505.696.706', 'D27.720.799'], ['D27.720.877']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Risk of clinically significant depression in HIV-infected patients: effect of antiretroviral drugs.
|
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to characterize depression in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients, to determine the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on its incidence, and to investigate whether efavirenz use was associated with a higher risk, compared with non-efavirenz-containing regimens, in the Spanish CoRIS cohort.METHODS: CoRIS is a contemporary, multicentre cohort of HIV-infected patients, antiretroviral-na?ve at entry, launched in 2004. Poisson regression models were used to investigate demographic, clinical and treatment-related factors associated with a higher incidence of clinically significant depression to October 2010.RESULTS: In total, 5185 patients (13 089 person-years) participated in the study, of whom 3379 (65.2%) started ART during follow-up. The incidence rates of depression before and after starting ART were 11.68 [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.01-15.15] and 7.06 (95% CI 5.45-9.13) cases per 1000 person-years, respectively. After adjustment, there was an inverse association between the occurrence of depression and the initiation of ART [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.53; 95% CI 0.28-0.99], while the likelihood of depression increased in patients of age > 50 years (IRR 1.94; 95% CI 1.21-3.12). Longer exposure to ART was associated with a decreased IRR of depression in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. The IRR for patients receiving < 2, 2-4 and > 4 years of ART was 0.72 (95% CI 0.36-1.44), 0.10 (95% CI 0.04-0.25) and 0.05 (95% CI 0.01-0.17), respectively, compared with ART-na?ve patients. This protective effect was also observed when durations of exposure to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens and efavirenz-containing regimens were analysed separately.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of clinically significant depression was lower among HIV-infected patients on ART. The protective effect of ART was also observed with efavirenz-containing regimens.
|
['Adult', 'Alkynes', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Benzoxazines', 'Cyclopropanes', 'Depression', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poisson Distribution', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors']
| 24,215,356
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.455.326.397'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['D03.383.533.249', 'D03.633.100.209'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.533'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.994.750', 'G17.820.750', 'N05.715.360.750.750.620', 'N06.850.520.830.994.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D27.505.519.389.675.850', 'D27.505.954.122.388.308']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
GC-MS analysis of amino acid enantiomers as their N(O,S)-perfluoroacyl perfluoroalkyl esters: application to space analysis.
|
The target of the in-situ research of optical activity in extraterrestrial samples stimulated an extended investigation of a GC-MS method based on the derivatization of amino acids by using a mixture of perfluorinated alcohols and perfluorinated anhydrides. Amino acids are converted to their N(O,S)-perfluoroacyl perfluoroalkyl esters in a single-step procedure, using different combinations of the derivatization reagents trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-ethanol (TFE), TFAA-2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-1-butanol (HFB), and heptafluorobutyric anhydride (HFBA)-HFB. The derivatives obtained are analyzed using two different chiral columns: Chirasil-L-Val and gamma-cyclodextrin (Rt-gamma-DEXsa) stationary phases which show different and complementary enantiomeric selectivity. The mass spectra of the derivatives are studied, and mass fragmentation patterns are proposed: significant fragment ions can be identified to detect amino acid derivatives. The obtained results are compared in terms of the enantiomeric separation achieved and mass spectrometric response. Linearity studies and the measurement of the limit of detection (LOD) show that the proposed method is suitable for a quantitative determination of enantiomers of several amino acids. The use of the programmed temperature vaporiser (PTV) technique for the injection of the untreated reaction mixture is a promising method for avoiding manual treatment of the sample and decreasing the LOD.
|
['Acylation', 'Amino Acids', 'Calibration', 'Esterification', 'Esters', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Molecular Structure', 'Reference Standards', 'Space Flight', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Time Factors', 'Volatilization']
| 16,534,802
|
[['G02.111.012', 'G02.607.063', 'G03.040'], ['D12.125'], ['E05.978.155'], ['G02.111.270', 'G02.607.250', 'G03.344'], ['D02.241.400'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.978.808'], ['J01.937.285.850'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G01.645.750', 'G02.734.933']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Microbiological flora and nail polish: a brief report.
|
Removing nail polish and prosthetic nails from operating room (OR) personnel prior to scrubbing and from patients prior to hand surgery is recommended but not practiced in many hospitals. There is concern that nail polish can act as a vehicle for the transfer of infectious agents. This study was designed to determine the incidence of microbiological flora of nail polish in a clinical setting.
|
['Acinetobacter', 'Bacteria', 'Cosmetics', 'Female', 'Hand', 'Hand Disinfection', 'Humans', 'Infection Control', 'Nails', 'Operating Rooms', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis']
| 7,815,184
|
[['B03.440.400.425.537.050', 'B03.660.250.530.050'], ['B03'], ['D27.720.269', 'J01.516.213'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['N06.850.670.150.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['A17.600'], ['N02.278.388.700'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Non-consumptive predator effects shape honey bee foraging and recruitment dancing.
|
Predators can reduce bee pollination and plant fitness through successful predation and non-consumptive effects. In honey bees, evidence of predation or a direct attack can decrease recruitment dancing and thereby magnify the effects of individual predation attempts at a colony level. However, actual predation attempts and successes are relatively rare. It was not known if a far more common event, just detection of a predator, could inhibit recruitment. We began by testing honey bees' avoidance of the praying mantis (Tenodera sinensis). Larger predators (later mantis instars, ?4.5 cm in body length) elicited significantly more avoidance (1.3 fold) than smaller mantis instars. Larger instars also attempted to capture honey bees significantly more often than did smaller instars. Foragers could detect and avoid mantises based upon mantis odor (74% of bees avoided an odor extract) or visual appearance (67% avoided a mantis model). Finally, foragers decreased recruitment dancing by 1.8 fold for a food source with a live adult mantis, even when they were not attacked. This reduction in recruitment dancing, elicited by predator presence alone, expands our understanding of predator non-consumptive effects and of cascading ecosystem effects for plants served by an important generalist pollinator.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animal Communication', 'Animals', 'Appetitive Behavior', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Bees', 'Body Size', 'California', 'Choice Behavior', 'Ecosystem', 'Flight, Animal', 'Mantodea', 'Predatory Behavior']
| 24,475,292
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F01.145.113.055'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113.111'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.387'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G11.427.410.568.304', 'G11.427.410.698.416'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.750'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Efficacy and safety of repeated doses of botulinum toxin type B in type A resistant and responsive cervical dystonia.
|
Efficacy of botulinum toxin type B (BoNT B) for the treatment of type A-resistant (AR) and non-A-resistant (NAR) cervical dystonia (CD) has been demonstrated in several single injection studies. There is little data available on long-term therapy with repeated injection sessions and it is unknown if AR and NAR patients respond in a similar manner over time. To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of BoNT B in AR and NAR CD patients, we carried out a prospective, open-label study examining 10 repeated dosing sessions of BoNT B in 34 patients with CD (15 AR and 19 NAR). Dosing was started at 10,000 units and could be increased to 25,000. Assessments included the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) and a patient global assessment at each baseline (injection) and Week 4 (peak effect) visit. Change in TWSTRS total was the primary efficacy end point. Data was analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. BoNT B therapy resulted in an overall significant improvement of CD (P<0.001) and improvement was seen in all 10 individual sessions (2.5 years). The magnitude of response decayed over time (P<0.001). There was no difference between AR and NAR patients with regard to dose, treatment effect, or decay in response. The AR group perceived (patient global) treatment as being less effective (P=0.047). Dry mouth frequency decreased with each session despite increasing doses whereas flu-like syndrome and weakness increased. BoNT B therapy provides long-term benefit for CD patients but the magnitude of response diminishes over time. The cause of this decay is probably multifactorial. AR and NAR CD patients respond in a similar fashion.
|
['Botulinum Toxins, Type A', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuromuscular Agents', 'Prospective Studies', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Torticollis']
| 15,954,134
|
[['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153.100', 'D12.776.097.156.100', 'D23.946.123.179.050'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.696.663.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['C23.888.592.350.300.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Expanded phenotype and ethnicity in Setleis syndrome.
|
Setleis syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by "coarse" face, temporal cutis aplasia, double upper eyelashes, absent lower eyelashes, chronic conjunctivitis, and prominent thick lips, was reported previously in 8 Puerto Rican children. We report on 3 unrelated children (one mentally retarded) with Setleis syndrome who are not of Puerto Rican descent. Two of our patients had imperforate anus, which has not previously been reported. The evolution of the phenotype over time is illustrated.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Chile', 'China', 'Europe', 'Eyelashes', 'Face', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Phenotype', 'Puerto Rico', 'Skin Abnormalities', 'Syndrome', 'United States']
| 2,596,524
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['Z01.107.757.235'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['Z01.542'], ['A01.456.505.420.504.421', 'A09.371.337.338', 'A17.360.421'], ['A01.456.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G05.695'], ['Z01.107.084.900.750', 'Z01.639.880.750'], ['C16.131.831', 'C17.800.804'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Relation of mast cell, nerve and fibrosis in appendix.
|
The relationship of mast cells, nerves and fibrosis was studied in 50 cases of Appendix using simple histochemical technique. In the mucosa, the mast cell number was greater in the early stages of fibrosis. Both in the mucosa and submucosa mast cells were found closely associated with neural tissue. As the fibrosis increased this association between mast cells and neural tissue was retained only in the submucosa.
|
['Appendicitis', 'Appendix', 'Cell Count', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Mast Cells', 'Neurons', 'Tolonium Chloride']
| 9,581,073
|
[['C01.463.099', 'C06.405.205.099', 'C06.405.469.110.207'], ['A03.556.124.526.209.290', 'A03.556.249.249.209.290'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['C23.550.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D02.886.369.869', 'D03.633.300.783.869']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Pros and cons of adding an accessory breathing system to the main circle circuit. II. Arguments against their use].
|
When compared to the circle system alternative breathing systems (ABS) are of no benefit. When the only indication of an ABS is emergency oxygen administration it should be connected to the O2 pipeline upstream from the flowmeter bank and the vaporiser. The use of an ABS for anaesthesia maintenance is no longer justified because of the difficulties in monitoring pressure, flow and concentrations of the gas mixture, the cost of gas and vapour administered at a high flow and the resulting pollution. The use of an ABS for very short anaesthetics is only acceptable if the administered gas mixture is monitored.
|
['Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Humans', 'Monitoring, Intraoperative', 'Oxygen', 'Respiration', 'Respiration, Artificial']
| 9,750,769
|
[['E03.155.197.197.280'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.520.510', 'E04.510'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G09.772.705'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of hyperventilation and hypoventilation on PaCO2 and intracranial pressure during acute elevations of intraabdominal pressure with CO2 pneumoperitoneum: large animal observations.
|
BACKGROUND: The side effects of acute elevations in intraabdominal pressure (IAP) are related to a multifactorial etiology. Previous studies have reported that acute elevations in IAP produce an immediate increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). This study was designed to analyze the reasons for increased ICP during acute elevations of IAP and to determine the combined effects of IAP and changes in ventilation indices on ICP and hemodynamic indices.STUDY DESIGN: Five pigs were studied. A subarachnoid screw was placed for ICP monitoring. The jugular vein, femoral vein, and femoral artery were cannulated. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), ICP, and arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were monitored before and after carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum was established at 0, 10, and 20 mmHg of IAP Effects of hyperventilation and hypoventilation were recorded and compared with baseline ventilation. Cavography was performed to evaluate the morphology of the inferior vena cava (IVC) at different levels of IAP. Multiple regression and Student's t-test were used to examine the effects of IAP and ventilation on dependent variables.RESULTS: The IVC showed a progressive narrowing at the level of the diaphragm as IAP was increased. There was a simultaneous increase in CVP, MAP, and ICP. The mean changes in ICP with hypoventilation were significantly larger than with hyperventilation.CONCLUSIONS: Acutely increased IAP displaces the diaphragm cranially, narrowing the IVC and increasing intrathoracic pressure. This increases CVP and increases ICP by venous stasis and increased pressure in the sagittal sinus with decreased resorption of cerebrospinal fluid. Hemodynamic changes are directly related to the rise in ICP. Hypoventilation and hypercarbia significantly increase ICP when compared with hyperventilation and hypocarbia. Hyperventilation does not significantly decrease ICP during acute elevations of IAP.
|
['Abdomen', 'Animals', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Female', 'Hyperventilation', 'Hypoventilation', 'Intracranial Hypertension', 'Intracranial Pressure', 'Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial', 'Pressure', 'Swine']
| 9,660,022
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['C08.618.501', 'C23.888.852.591'], ['C08.618.846.565', 'C23.888.852.638'], ['C10.228.140.631'], ['G11.561.170.505'], ['E01.370.388.605'], ['G01.374.715'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of genes involved in placental glucose uptake and transport in the nonobese diabetic mouse pregnancy.
|
OBJECTIVE: Maternal diabetes alters placental glucose metabolism and maternofetal glucose transport. The purpose of this study was to determine whether genes involved in placental glucose uptake and transport were concomitantly altered, resulting in the observed changes in the state of maternal diabetes.STUDY DESIGN: By means of the nonobese diabetic pregnant mouse we examined the expression of placental glucose transporters, hexokinase I, glycogen content, glycogen-regulating enzyme activities in control animals (blood glucose 8.5 +/- 0.2 mmol/L, n = 25), moderate maternal diabetes (blood glucose 10 to 13.9 mmol/L, n = 16), and severe maternal diabetes (blood glucose > 16.7 mmol/L, n = 12). Comparisons by the analysis of variance and the Newman-Keuls test were performed.RESULTS: Although changes in placental glucose transporters and hexokinase I messenger ribonucleic acid levels occurred, neither state of diabetes altered the corresponding protein levels. Changes in placental deoxyribonucleic acid (p < 0.05) and glycogen content (p < 0.01), fetal insulin levels (p < 0.02), and fetal size (p < 0.05) occurred in the moderately diabetic group, and changes in placental weight (p < 0.05) and fetal glucose levels (p < 0.02) were observed in the severely diabetic group.CONCLUSIONS: Placental glucose transporting and phosphorylating protein levels by themselves do not regulate diabetes-induced fetoplacental alterations. The lack of a protective decline in these proteins may account for the observed fetoplacental adaptations to excess glucose.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Glucose', 'Glycogen', 'Hexokinase', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Monosaccharide Transport Proteins', 'Organ Size', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy in Diabetics', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 7,977,540
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['G05.297'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.500', 'D12.776.543.585.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.726'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
SIRT1 suppresses the migration and invasion of gastric cancer by regulating ARHGAP5 expression.
|
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks among the top five malignant tumors worldwide by the incidence and mortality rate. However, the mechanisms underlying its progression are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of SIRT1, a class III deacetylase, in the invasion and metastasis of GC. Here, we found that knockdown of SIRT1 promoted GC cell migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Forced expression of SIRT1 in GC cells had the opposite effects. Then, we used mRNA microarray to identify the target genes that are regulated by SIRT1 and found that ARHGAP5 was downregulated by SIRT1. The results of the mRNA microarray were confirmed in several GC cell lines. Furthermore, SIRT1 inhibited the expression of ARHGAP5 by physically associating with transcription factor c-JUN and deacetylating and inhibiting the transcriptional activity of c-JUN. Then the expression dynamics and clinical significance of ARHGAP5 were analyzed using clinical samples and database. The expression of ARHGAP5 was increased in GC, and positively correlated with tumor size, tumor infiltration, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage. And multivariate analyses indicated that ARHGAP5 served as an independent prognostic marker of GC. In addition, the biological effects of ARHGAP5 in SIRT1-mediated inhibition of GC migration and invasion were investigated using both in vitro and in vivo models. Silencing of ARHGAP5 considerably inhibited the migration and invasion of GC, and ARHGAP5 was found to be involved in the SIRT1-mediated inhibition of GC migration and invasion. Our results indicate that SIRT1 suppresses migration and invasion of GC by downregulating ARHGAP5 through an interaction with c-JUN, and these phenomena represent a novel mechanism of the antitumor action of SIRT1.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Disease Progression', 'Down-Regulation', 'GTPase-Activating Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Gene Silencing', 'Genes, jun', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Sirtuin 1', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Transfection']
| 30,250,020
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101.140'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['D12.644.360.325.150', 'D12.776.476.325.150'], ['G05.308.370'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.200.650.100', 'D12.776.476.900.100'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Proton-beam therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with portal vein tumor thrombosis.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The prognosis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is extremely poor, as effective treatment options are limited. The authors performed a retrospective review to evaluate the efficacy of proton-beam therapy (PBT) for patients presenting with PVTT in the setting of HCC.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between February 1991 and September 2005, 35 patients with HCC and tumor thrombi in the main trunk or major branches of the portal vein presented for consideration of PBT. Their tumor sizes ranged from 25 mm to 130 mm (median, 60 mm). A median total dose of 72.6 GyE in 22 fractions was delivered over 31 days to a target volume that encompassed both the primary hepatic lesion and the PVTT.RESULTS: 32 patients were progression-free during a median follow-up period of 21 months (range, 2-88 months) and three patients experienced disease progression. Local progression-free survival rates were 46% at 2 years and 20% at 5 years, and the median local progression-free survival was 21 months. Acute toxicity > or = grade 3 was observed in three patients, and no patient experienced late toxicity > or = grade 3. None of the patients had to discontinue treatment as a result of toxicity.CONCLUSION: PBT improved local control and significantly prolonged survival in HCC patients with PVTT.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Disease Progression', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Dose Fractionation, Radiation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplastic Cells, Circulating', 'Portal Vein', 'Prognosis', 'Proton Therapy', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,013,087
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E02.186'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E02.815.639.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['A11.642', 'C04.697.650.900', 'C23.550.727.650.900'], ['A07.015.908.670.567'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.815.250.500'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
AS03-Adjuvanted H5N1 Avian Influenza Vaccine Modulates Early Innate Immune Signatures in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.
|
BACKGROUND: Adjuvant System 03 (AS03) markedly enhances responses to influenza A/H5N1 vaccines, but the mechanisms of this enhancement are incompletely understood.METHODS: Using ribonucleic acid sequencing on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from AS03-adjuvanted and unadjuvanted inactivated H5N1 vaccine recipients, we identified differentially expressed genes, enriched pathways, and genes that correlated with serologic responses. We compared bulk PBMC findings with our previously published assessments of flow-sorted immune cell types.RESULTS: AS03-adjuvanted vaccine induced the strongest differential signals on day 1 postvaccination, activating multiple innate immune pathways including interferon and JAK-STAT signaling, Fcã receptor (FcãR)-mediated phagocytosis, and antigen processing and presentation. Changes in signal transduction and immunoglobulin genes predicted peak hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) titers. Compared with individual immune cell types, activated PBMC genes and pathways were most similar to innate immune cells. However, several pathways were unique to PBMCs, and several pathways identified in individual cell types were absent in PBMCs.CONCLUSIONS: Transcriptomic analysis of PBMCs after AS03-adjuvanted H5N1 vaccination revealed early activation of innate immune signaling, including a 5- to 8-fold upregulation of FcãR1A/1B/1C genes. Several early gene responses were correlated with HAI titer, indicating links with the adaptive immune response. Although PBMCs and cell-specific results shared key innate immune signals, unique signals were identified by both approaches.
|
['Adaptive Immunity', 'Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Adult', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Combinations', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Influenza, Human', 'Leukocytes', 'Polysorbates', 'Signal Transduction', 'Squalene', 'Young Adult', 'alpha-Tocopherol']
| 30,566,602
|
[['G12.450.050'], ['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D26.310'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.564'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.500'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.690', 'D05.750.741.700', 'D25.720.741.700', 'J01.637.051.720.741.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.806', 'D02.455.849.919.681'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['D03.383.663.283.909.750.249', 'D03.633.100.150.909.750.249']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Removal of Zn(II) from simulated wastewater using an algal biofilm.
|
An algal biofilm was employed as a novel kind of adsorbing material to remove Zn(II) from simulated wastewater. The algal biofilm system formed by Oedogonium sp. was operated in a dynamic mode for a period of 14 days with an initial Zn(II) concentration of 10 mg/L. The average effluent Zn(II) concentration was 0.247 mg/L and the average removal efficiency reached 97.7%. The effects of Zn(II) on key algal physiological and biochemical indices such as chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase and superoxide dismutase activity, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), and soluble protein levels were studied. Our results showed that the algal biofilm could adapt to the simulated wastewater containing Zn(II). Scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses of algal biofilm revealed the presence of carboxyl, amino, and sulphonate groups, which were the main functional groups of EPS and proteins, and these were likely responsible for biosorption of the Zn(II) ions.
|
['Adsorption', 'Biofilms', 'Bioreactors', 'Chlorophyta', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Waste Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Zinc']
| 25,353,944
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['B01.650.940.150'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
M?bius syndrome. Electron microscopic study of the extraocular muscles.
|
The medial rectus, external rectus and inferior oblique muscles were examined by electron microscopy in M?bius syndrome. The electron microscopic findings of the medial rectus and inferior oblique were of degenerative and inflammatory nature, whereas the lateral rectus showed complete fibrosis. The fibrotic lateral rectus could explain the absence of abduction in M?bius syndrome.
|
['Child', 'Facial Muscles', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Neuromuscular Diseases', 'Strabismus', 'Syndrome']
| 6,545,388
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['A02.633.567.400', 'A14.363'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['C10.668'], ['C10.292.562.887', 'C11.590.810'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Surface sensing and adhesion of Escherichia coli controlled by the Cpx-signaling pathway.
|
Bacterial adhesion is an important initial step in biofilm formation, which may cause problems in medical, environmental, and industrial settings. In spite of obvious phenotypic differences between attached and planktonic cells, knowledge about the genetic basis for these differences and how adhesion-induced changes are mediated is limited. The Cpx two-component signal transduction pathway responds specifically to stress caused by disturbances in the cell envelope and activates genes encoding periplasmic protein folding and degrading factors. Here, we address the role of the Cpx-signaling pathway in sensing and responding to the physical change occurring during adhesion of Escherichia coli to surfaces. We present evidence that the expression of Cpx-regulated genes is induced during initial adhesion of E. coli to abiotic surfaces. This induction is specifically observed upon attachment of stationary-phase cells to hydrophobic surfaces. Moreover, surface-induced activity of the Cpx response requires NlpE, an outer membrane lipoprotein, which has previously been shown to induce the Cpx system when overproduced. The importance of a functional Cpx response during adhesion is further supported by the fact that a dramatically lower number of cells attach to the surface and dynamic cell-surface interactions as measured by a quartz crystal microbalance technique are altered when the CpxRA pathway is disrupted. The defects in adhesion exhibited by the cpxR and nlpE mutants were strikingly similar to those of wild-type cells in which protein synthesis was inhibited, suggesting that the Cpx pathway plays a key role in the regulation of adhesion-induced gene expression.
|
['Bacterial Adhesion', 'Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cell Division', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Lac Operon', 'Lipoproteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Time Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 11,830,644
|
[['G06.099.050'], ['D12.776.097.120', 'D12.776.543.100'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['G05.360.340.024.686.545', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.545'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['D12.776.543'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of dietary soy isoflavones on the accessory sex organs of the Wistar rat.
|
We evaluated the effects of three rodent diets differing in soybean meal content on the response of the seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbocavernosus/levator ani (BC/LA) muscle to androgens and anti-androgenic compounds in the Hershberger assay. The diets tested were (1) L5, a semi-synthetic phytoestrogen-free diet, (2) DO4, 8.5% (w/w) vegetable protein and (3) DO3, 22.5% (w/w) vegetable protein. We determined the effects of dietary soy isoflavones after ten days of exposure and in animals fed L5 and DO3 diets throughout their lifetime (including the period of treatment with androgenic or anti-androgenic compounds). After ten days of exposure, we observed no effect of diet on the accessory sex organs of male Wistar rats. In contrast, diet affected the androgenic response to testosterone propionate in seminal vesicles and prostate. Seminal vesicles were the most sensitive organs. Vinclozolin caused a dose-dependent decrease in the relative weights of seminal vesicles, prostate and BC/LA regardless of diet. As vegetable proteins may contain high proportions of genistein and daidzein, two well-known oestrogenic endocrine disrupters that may alter the results of reproductive studies, we recommend the use of a standardised open-formula diet without soy isoflavones, such as L5, if the Hershberger assay is to be performed.
|
['Androgen Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Antagonism', 'Eating', 'Food', 'Isoflavones', 'Male', 'Orchiectomy', 'Organ Size', 'Oxazoles', 'Prostate', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Seminal Vesicles', 'Soybean Proteins', 'Testicular Hormones', 'Testosterone']
| 12,842,186
|
[['D06.347.065', 'D27.505.696.399.450.065'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.968.310'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.400', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.400'], ['E04.270.282.679', 'E04.950.165.679', 'E04.950.774.860.618'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['D03.383.129.462'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A05.360.444.713'], ['D12.776.765.741', 'G07.203.300.428.920.750', 'G07.203.300.850.450.500.750', 'J02.500.428.920.750', 'J02.500.850.800.500.750'], ['D06.472.334.984'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Eight novel germline MLH1 and MSH2 mutations in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer families from Spain.
|
Germline mutations in the MLH1 and MSH2 genes, account for the majority of HNPCC families. We have screened such families from Spain by using DGGE analysis and subsequent direct sequencing techniques. In eight families we identified six novel MLH1 and two novel MSH2 mutations comprising one frame shift mutation (c.1420 del C), two missense mutations (L622H and R687W), two splice site mutations (c.1990-1 G>A and c.453+2 T>C and one nonsense mutation (K329X) in the MLH1 gene as well as two frame shift mutations (c.1979-1980 del AT and c.1704-1705 del AG) in the MSH2 gene. Our analysis contributes to the further characterization of the mutational spectrum of MLH1 and MSH2 genes in HNPCC families.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis', 'DNA', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Family Health', 'Female', 'Germ-Line Mutation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'MutL Protein Homolog 1', 'MutS Homolog 2 Protein', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Spain']
| 11,748,856
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['D12.776.157'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.190', 'C04.700.250', 'C06.301.371.411.307.190', 'C06.405.249.411.307.190', 'C06.405.469.158.356.190', 'C06.405.469.491.307.190', 'C16.320.700.250', 'C18.452.284.255'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D12.776.260'], ['N01.400.300'], ['G05.365.590.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.074.766.500', 'D08.811.277.040.025.215.500', 'D12.776.260.540.500'], ['D08.811.074.844.750', 'D08.811.277.040.025.292.750', 'D12.776.260.556.750', 'D12.776.624.664.700.130'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Echographic study of the vitreoretinal interface in giant retinal tears.
|
Vitreous and vitreoretinal interface changes were evaluated in giant retinal tears in order to plan surgical approach. Vitreal sineresis was evident in patients affected by primary giant retinal tears; in patients affected by retinal disinsertion the vitreous was adherent to the edge of the posterior flap, and in giant retinal tears secondary to IOL implantation, posterior vitreous detachment but no sineresis was displayed.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Retina', 'Retinal Detachment', 'Retinal Perforations', 'Scleral Buckling', 'Ultrasonography', 'Video Recording', 'Vitrectomy', 'Vitreous Body']
| 9,730,763
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A09.371.729'], ['C11.768.648'], ['C11.768.740'], ['E04.540.890'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['L01.280.960'], ['E04.540.960'], ['A09.371.714.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Illinois Dental Anesthesia and Sedation Survey for 2016.
|
A statewide decennial survey was sent to practicing dentists holding sedation or general anesthesia permits to identify office sedation/general anesthesia trends and practices over the last 10 years. This survey constitutes the third such survey, spanning a total of 20 years. Of the 234 respondents in the 2016 survey, 34% held an Illinois moderate sedation permit and 64% held a general anesthesia permit. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons represented the majority of respondents (143/234; 61%). The remainder of responses were from general dentists (39; 17%) pediatric dentists (32; 14%), periodontists (16; 7%), dentist anesthesiologists (3; 1.3%) and 1 periodontist/dentist anesthesiologist. Surveys over the 20 years revealed the following significant trends: an increase in practitioners current in advanced cardiac life support certification, an increase in the number of non-oral maxillofacial surgeons with a sedation permit, an increase in providers of moderate sedation, and an increase in offices equipped with end-tidal CO2 and electrocardiogram monitoring. However, a number of providers were identified as not compliant with certain state mandates. For example, many respondents failed to meet minimum office team staffing requirements during sedation, hold semiannual office emergency drills, and establish written emergency management protocols.
|
['Anesthesia, Dental', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Child', 'Conscious Sedation', 'Humans', 'Illinois', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 31,184,940
|
[['E03.155.141', 'E06.045'], ['E03.155.197'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E03.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.350', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.350'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Biological verification of heavy ion treatment planning.
|
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and thermoluminescent detectors (TLD-700) were used for physical and biological verification of heavy ion treatment planning. Experiments were performed in a cylindrical water phantom, in some cases with lung and bone equivalent material in front of the target volume. The results confirm the possibility of using thermoluminescent detectors for a quantitative verification of dose distributions. CHO cells can be used at least for qualitative dose verification.
|
['Animals', 'Bone and Bones', 'CHO Cells', 'Cell Survival', 'Cricetinae', 'Humans', 'Ions', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Thermoluminescent Dosimetry']
| 9,615,343
|
[['B01.050'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['E07.671'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.799.638.785', 'N06.850.810.370.420']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Updated cardiac concerns with rituximab use: A growing challenge.
|
A 62-year-old male was undergoing treatment of NHL with bone marrow involvement with thrombocytopenia. After 15min of starting of IV infusion of rituximab, he started having severe retrosternal chest pain, diagnosed as acute ST elevation inferior wall MI. Patient was pre-loaded with dual anti platelets. Coronary angiogram showed 100% occlusion of proximal RCA. Thrombosuction of this culprit RCA revealed underlying 90% stenosis. After that, PCI with balloon angioplasty of RCA was done. The procedure was terminated in the view of successful balloon angioplasty with good TIMI flow. He was kept on dual antiplatelet therapy for one month with regular platelet monitoring. With the growing increasing global use of rituximab for various oncological and immunological diseases, this complication of myocardial infarction should be kept in mind. Associated thrombocytopenia with high thrombus burden in this case heed primary coronary balloon angioplasty without stent placement a more suitable modality.
|
['Coronary Angiography', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrocardiography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Revascularization', 'Rituximab', 'ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction']
| 27,751,304
|
[['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.100.376.719', 'E04.928.220.520'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284.785'], ['C14.280.647.500.875', 'C14.907.585.500.875', 'C23.550.513.355.750.875', 'C23.550.717.489.750.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Nataniel, NAFTA, and Public Health at the U.S.-Mexico Border.
|
Advocating overall improvements in health for individuals and communities is a daunting but important task for nurses in particular, and for health care professionals in general. This is particularly true when focusing on the population along the 2,000-mile U.S.-Mexico border, a unique region in which distinct cultures, economies, and political systems meet. The purpose of this paper is to confront the assumption that trade and economic expansion automatically translate into improved public health, and to explore policy implications of the public health situation at the border. It uses a meta-narrative, an overarching story that draws on and illustrates collective stories from 300 participants in a study of mental health disparities, to argue for a more nuanced and complex understanding of health among the largely Hispanic population in this region.
|
['Anecdotes as Topic', 'Commerce', 'Humans', 'International Cooperation', 'Male', 'Mexico', 'Policy Making', 'Public Health', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 19,903,276
|
[['K01.517.067'], ['J01.219'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615.500'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['N03.706.742'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Unusual structural properties of water within the hydration shell of hyperactive antifreeze protein.
|
Many hypotheses can be encountered explaining the mechanism of action of antifreeze proteins. One widespread theory postulates that the similarity of structural properties of solvation water of antifreeze proteins to ice is crucial to the antifreeze activity of these agents. In order to investigate this problem, the structural properties of solvation water of the hyperactive antifreeze protein from Choristoneura fumiferana were analyzed and compared with the properties of solvation water present at the surface of ice. The most striking observations concerned the temperature dependence of changes in water structure. In the case of solvation water of the ice-binding plane, the difference between the overall structural ordering of solvation water and bulk water diminished with increasing temperature; in the case of solvation water of the rest of the protein, the trend was opposite. In this respect, the solvation water of the ice-binding plane roughly resembled the hydration layer of ice. Simultaneously, the whole solvation shell of the protein displayed some features that are typical for solvation shells of many other proteins and are not encountered in the solvation water of ice. In the first place, this is an increase in density of water around the protein. The opposite is true for the solvation water of ice - it is less dense than bulk water. Therefore, even though the structure of solvation water of ice-binding plane and the structure of solvation water of ice seem to share some similarities, densitywise they differ.
|
['Antifreeze Proteins', 'Computer Simulation', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Materials Testing', 'Models, Chemical', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Protein Conformation', 'Water']
| 25,106,616
|
[['D12.776.053'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G02.282'], ['G02.409'], ['E05.570'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pigment-epithelium-derived factor is upregulated in photocoagulated human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
|
There is much evidence that pigment-epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a potent antiangiogenic cytokine which inhibits retinal and choroidal neovascularization by inducing apoptosis in activated vascular endothelial cells. Furthermore, the regulation of PEDF appears to be linked to the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), one of the most potent inducers of intraocular neovascularization. Previous studies have established that thermal photocoagulation, the mainstay in the therapy of various neovascular diseases of the posterior segment, results in a decrease in intraocular concentrations of VEGF and other angiogenic growth factors, thereby inhibiting active retinal neovascularization. In the current study, we sought to determine whether thermal photocoagulation has the potential to regulate the expression of PEDF in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Cultures of RPE cells were photocoagulated with a 532-nm diode laser. Subsequently, RNA was isolated for RT-PCR, and whole-cell extracts and precipitated cell culture supernatant were subjected to Western blot analysis. According to our results, PEDF mRNA and protein are significantly upregulated after photocoagulation. Moreover, PEDF protein was found to be secreted in the cell culture medium.
|
['Blotting, Western', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Eye Proteins', 'Humans', 'Laser Coagulation', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Pigment Epithelium of Eye', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Serpins', 'Up-Regulation']
| 16,158,012
|
[['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.520.745.410', 'E02.594.530', 'E04.014.520.530', 'E04.350.750.410', 'E04.540.630.410'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['A09.371.670', 'A10.272.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.861', 'D12.776.872', 'D27.505.519.389.745.800.675'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative study of high tibial osteotomy using dynamic axial fixator and locked low-profile plate in medial osteoarthritis of knee.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis (MCOA) of knee and to compare between the two methods of osteotomy using either dynamic axial fixator (DAF) or locking compression plate (LCP).METHODS: A total of 20 patients with medial osteoarthritis of knee were enrolled in this prospective study who were divided into two groups of 10 each. First group comprising of two males and eight females were treated by HTO using DAF. Second group comprising of five males and five females were treated by HTO using LCP. We assessed various radiological parameters including hip knee ankle angle (HKA), tibiofemoral angle (TFA), weight-bearing line on tibia, Insall Salvati index and tibial slope. Functional outcome of knee at final follow-up was assessed by Oxford knee score (OKS) and visual analogue scale.RESULTS: In first group, mean HKA angle changed from 187° to 178.30° (p = 0.006), mean TFA from 182.40° to 172° (p = 0.003), average position of weight-bearing line from 11.24 to 59.54 % (p = 0.004), and mean OKS 43.3-16.9 (p = 0.004). In second group, mean HKA angle changed from 186° to 178.80° (p = 0.004), mean TFA from 180.90° to 173.60° (p = 0.004), average position of weight-bearing line from 14 to 61.3 % (p = 0.004), and mean OKS 43.2-16.5 (p = 0.002).CONCLUSION: HTO is an established treatment for patients with symptomatic MCOA knee with significant improvement in the clinical and radiographic parameters. There is no significant difference between the two methods; however, external fixator has the complication of pin tract infections.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.
|
['Bone Plates', 'External Fixators', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis, Knee', 'Osteotomy', 'Postoperative Care', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Tibia']
| 25,528,742
|
[['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['E07.858.442.660.430', 'E07.858.690.725.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606.500', 'C05.799.613.500'], ['E04.555.580'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A novel immunoadsorption device for removing beta2-microglobulin from whole blood.
|
BACKGROUND: High plasma levels of beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) have been implicated in the formation of the severely destructive and potentially fatal amyloid deposits that are characteristic of dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA). Conventional renal replacement technologies remove insufficient quantities of beta2m to normalize plasma levels. This limitation arises because of nonspecific adsorptive qualities and reliance on size exclusion, which can also remove other middle molecular weight proteins. These nonspecific approaches also make it difficult to evaluate the role and contribution of middle molecular weight molecules to the pathology of DRA and other morbidities of end-stage renal disease. A high-affinity and biologically specific approach could target a protein, prevent a significant loss of other important molecules, and improve the apparent adsorption rate within an extracorporeal device.METHODS: Agarose-immobilized murine anti-human beta2m monoclonal antibodies were used in a Vortex Flow Plasmapheretic Reactor (VFPR) to remove donor baseline and controlled amounts of recombinant beta2m from human blood in vitro. The extracorporeal circuit was hemoperfused at 200 mL/min for two hours.RESULTS: The immunoadsorptive media had a binding site density of 30 microg beta2m per mL of settled gel. The VFPR cleared baseline quantities of donor beta2m below detectable limits of the assay. The experiments with higher initial beta2m concentrations reached an equilibrium concentration within 20 minutes, corresponding to a 92% clearance. No deleterious hemocompatibility issues were observed (complete blood count, total protein, and plasma free hemoglobin).CONCLUSIONS: The adsorptive kinetics of the VFPR are optimal for the conditions used and support the use of immunoadsorption for the removal of beta2m.
|
['Blood Component Removal', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Immunosorbent Techniques', 'Kinetics', 'Plasmapheresis', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'beta 2-Microglobulin']
| 11,260,419
|
[['E02.120'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.380', 'E05.601.470.380'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E02.120.770', 'E02.912.715', 'E04.292.869'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D12.776.124.790.223.100', 'D12.776.377.715.182.100', 'D12.776.395.550.489.100', 'D12.776.543.550.439.100', 'D23.050.301.500.100.175', 'D23.050.705.552.100.175']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recurrent Neural Network Model for Constructive Peptide Design.
|
We present a generative long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) for combinatorial de novo peptide design. RNN models capture patterns in sequential data and generate new data instances from the learned context. Amino acid sequences represent a suitable input for these machine-learning models. Generative models trained on peptide sequences could therefore facilitate the design of bespoke peptide libraries. We trained RNNs with LSTM units on pattern recognition of helical antimicrobial peptides and used the resulting model for de novo sequence generation. Of these sequences, 82% were predicted to be active antimicrobial peptides compared to 65% of randomly sampled sequences with the same amino acid distribution as the training set. The generated sequences also lie closer to the training data than manually designed amphipathic helices. The results of this study showcase the ability of LSTM RNNs to construct new amino acid sequences within the applicability domain of the model and motivate their prospective application to peptide and protein design without the need for the exhaustive enumeration of sequence libraries.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Machine Learning', 'Models, Chemical', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Peptides']
| 29,355,319
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['G17.035.250.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['D12.644']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Particle size distribution predicts particulate phosphorus removal.
|
Particulate phosphorus (PP) is often the largest component of the total phosphorus (P) load in stormwater. Fine-resolution measurement of particle sizes allows us to investigate the mechanisms behind the removal of PP in stormwater wetlands, since the diameter of particles influences the settling velocity and the amount of sorbed P on a particle. In this paper, we present a novel method to estimate PP, where we measure and count individual particles in stormwater and use the total surface area as a proxy for PP. Our results show a strong relationship between total particle surface area and PP, which we use to put forth a simple mechanistic model of PP removal via gravitational settling of individual mineral particles, based on a continuous particle size distribution. This information can help improve the design of stormwater Best management practices to reduce PP loading in both urban and agricultural watersheds.
|
['Agriculture', 'Particle Size', 'Phosphorus', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Wetlands']
| 29,164,536
|
[['J01.040'], ['G02.712'], ['D01.268.666'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['G16.500.275.157.812', 'N06.230.124.625']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Aspergillus endocarditis: cure without surgical valve replacement.
|
We have reported a case of fungal native valve endocarditis due to Aspergillus sp in which cure was effected by medical therapy alone. An infected sternectomy wound from a previous aortic valve replacement was considered a contraindication to surgery.
|
['Aged', 'Amphotericin B', 'Aspergillosis', 'Endocarditis', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mitral Valve']
| 2,315,788
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.540.576.500.500'], ['C01.150.703.080'], ['C14.280.282'], ['E07.695.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.541.510.507']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Assessing DSM-5 section III personality traits and disorders with the MMPI-2-RF.
|
An alternative model for diagnosing personality disorders (PDs) appears in DSM-5 Section III. This model includes a set of dimensional personality traits, which along with impairment in personality functioning can be configured to represent one of six PDs. Although specific assessment instruments for these personality traits have already been developed (e.g., the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 [PID-5]), clinicians will likely continue to use omnibus measures of psychopathology that are familiar to them to inform diagnostic decision making. One such measure, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), will likely remain in the test armamentarium of many practitioners and be employed to assess the DSM-5 dimensional traits. In the current investigation, we examined the associations between MMPI-2-RF scale scores and the PID-5 trait scores and DSM-5 Section III PDs in a combined sample of university students (n = 668) from the United States and Canada. Our results indicated that the MMPI-2-RF scale scores mostly converge with PID-5 dimensional traits as well as the Section III PDs in a conceptually expected manner. As such, we conclude that the MMPI-2-RF is a potentially useful instrument in assessing personality psychopathology as conceptualized in DSM-5 Section III.
|
['Adolescent', 'Character', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'MMPI', 'Male', 'Personality Assessment', 'Personality Disorders', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Young Adult']
| 24,220,212
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.752.190'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.647.513.607'], ['F04.513'], ['F03.675'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lineage-specific engraftment and outcomes after T-cell-depleted peripheral blood stem cell transplant with Flu/Cy/TBI conditioning.
|
Sixty patients with haematological malignancies received a myeloablative regimen of total body irradiation, cyclophosphamide and fludarabine followed by a T-cell-depleted peripheral blood stem cell transplant from a human leucocyte antigen identical sibling. To improve donor immune function, 1 x 10(7) CD3+ cells/kg were added-back between d 45 and 100. T-cell and myeloid chimaerism were monitored regularly to evaluate the effect of T-cell chimaerism on outcome. The major factor affecting outcome was disease risk, with significantly lower relapse and higher survival in 29 standard risk (SR) patients compared with 31 patients at high risk (HR) for treatment failure (relapse 4.8 +/- 5% vs. 59 +/- 11%, P < 0.0001, and overall survival 93 +/- 5% vs. 39 +/- 10%, P < 0.0001, respectively). Donor myeloid chimaerism reached > or = 95% within 14 d of transplant, but in the first several months, donor T-cell chimaerism was frequently mixed. Full T-cell chimaerism was significantly more frequent in HR vs. SR patients. Landmark analysis at days 30 and 90 in HR patients with mixed versus full T-cell chimaerism, showed relapse probabilities of 50.5 +/- 14% vs. 70 +/- 16% (P = 0.62) and 34.4 +/- 20% vs. 58.8 +/- 15% (P = 0.32) respectively. Early full T-cell engraftment correlated with development of severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, mixed T-cell chimaerism was favourable for reducing GVHD, and did not affect relapse in this small series.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Hematologic Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Lymphocyte Depletion', 'Lymphocyte Transfusion', 'Male', 'Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Survival Rate', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Transplantation Chimera', 'Transplantation Conditioning', 'Vidarabine', 'Whole-Body Irradiation']
| 16,115,130
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C20.452'], ['C04.588.448', 'C15.378.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.521', 'E05.478.610.570'], ['E02.095.135.140.425.445'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['B05.200.750'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138.900', 'D13.570.065.950', 'D13.570.583.138.900'], ['E02.815.814', 'E05.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Low-iron conditions induces the hypersensitive reaction and pathogenicity hrp genes expression in Xanthomonas and is involved in modulation of hypersensitive response and virulence.
|
Expression of hrp (hypersensitive reaction and pathogenicity) genes inside the host is crucial for virulence of phytopathogenic bacteria. The hrp genes encode components of type3 secretion system (T3SS), HR elicitors and several regulators, which are involved in the co-ordinated expression of hrp genes in the host environment and in hrp inducing chemically defined medium. However, little is known about specific host or environmental factors which may play a role in the induction of hrp gene expression. In this study, we show that iron-limiting condition elicits induced expression of hrp genes, including type3 secretion system (T3SS) and effectors (T3E). Expression analysis using qRT-PCR and promoter probe strains suggest significant induction in the expression of Hrp and T3S-associated genes of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) under low-iron condition, and is suppressed by exogenous supplementation of iron. Furthermore, we show that with exogenous iron supplementation, wild type Xcc exhibited reduced disease symptoms in host-plant, and exhibited significant reduction in HR and callose deposition in the non-host plants. Xanthomonas oryzae and oryzicola pathovars also exhibited the iron affect, albeit to a lesser extend compared with the Xcc. Overall, our results suggest that low-iron condition inside the host may play a crucial role in pathogenicity.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Gene Deletion', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Iron', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Leaves', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Virulence', 'Xanthomonas']
| 29,687,657
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.308.300'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['G15.610'], ['A18.024.812'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G06.930'], ['B03.440.400.425.967.930', 'B03.660.250.915.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Study on hemostatic activities of the rhizome of Paris bashanensis.
|
UNLABELLED: CONTEXT. Paris bashanensis Wang et Tang (Liliaceae) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of injuries, fractures and hemorrhage in Hubei and Sichuan Province.OBJECTIVE: The n-BuOH extract of Paris bashanensis was investigated for hemostatic activity and chemical constituents in order to provide a basis for the application in folk use.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The n-BuOH extract of P. bashanensis was divided into three eluents (30, 50 and 70% EtOH) by macroporous adsorptive resin D101. The bleeding time of breaking tail hemostasis and clotting time of capillary and slide method in mice were used extensively to screen the hemostasis properties after repetitive administration of these three fractions (100 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg) for 5 days (total of 5 times, once per day). The chemical compounds were analyzed by HPLC-UV.RESULTS: The inhibition rates in the bleeding time of 70, 50 and 30% n-BuOH ext. were 45, 32 and 21%, respectively. Using the slide method the decreasing rate of the clotting time of 70, 50 and 30% n-BuOH ext. were 71, 65 and 32% and in the experiment of capillary method, the inhibition rates were 43, 31 and 24%, respectively. A total of 70% n-BuOH ext. showed a high content of the pennogenin-type saponins by HPLC-UV.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The 70% n-BuOH ext. of P. bashanensis was found to contain high levels of pennogenin saponins, which may lead to a higher hemostatic activity. Combined with the hemostatic test, P. bashanensis could be used as a resource of hemostatic drug.
|
['Animals', 'Bleeding Time', 'Butanols', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Hemostasis', 'Hemostatics', 'Liliaceae', 'Mice', 'Plant Extracts', 'Rhizome', 'Saponins', 'Solvents', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Time Factors', 'Whole Blood Coagulation Time']
| 23,855,262
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.625.625.100', 'E05.200.625.625.100', 'G09.188.087'], ['D02.033.415.110', 'D10.289.110'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G09.188.390'], ['D27.505.954.502.270.463'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.024.937.750', 'A18.400.750'], ['D09.408.782'], ['D27.720.844'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.950', 'E05.200.625.115.950', 'G09.188.960']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Quercetin attenuates Staphylococcus aureus virulence by reducing alpha-toxin secretion].
|
Alpha toxin, a pore-forming protein with cytotoxic activity, is one of the major virulence factors secreted by most strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The relevance of this protein in the pathogenesis of pneumonia associated with S.aureus infections has already been established. Therefore, inhibiting alpha toxin secretion can be an alternative for controlling these infections. This study shows that quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, inhibits hemolytic activity in a dose-dependent manner and reduces alpha toxin secretion in culture supernatants of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S.aureus. Furthermore, quercetin significantly prevents damage to human alveolar cells when co-cultured with S.aureus. Our results suggest that quercetin can reduce S.aureus virulence by affecting alpha-toxin secretion.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'Humans', 'Quercetin', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Virulence', 'Virulence Factors']
| 29,100,712
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D23.946.123'], ['D12.776.543.695.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.284.777', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.284.777'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['G06.930'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Obesity/hyperleptinemic phenotype impairs structural and functional plasticity in the rat hippocampus.
|
Epidemiological studies estimate that greater than 60% of the adult US population may be categorized as either overweight or obese, and there is a growing appreciation that the complications of obesity extend to the central nervous system (CNS). While the vast majority of these studies have focused on the hypothalamus, more recent studies suggest that the complications of obesity may also affect the structural and functional integrity of the hippocampus. A potential contributor to obesity-related CNS abnormalities is the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin. In this regard, decreases in CNS leptin activity may contribute to deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and suggest that leptin resistance, a well-described phenomenon in the hypothalamus, may also be observed in the hippocampus. Unfortunately, the myriad of metabolic and endocrine abnormalities in diabetes/obesity phenotypes makes it challenging to assess the role of leptin in hippocampal neuroplasticity deficits associated with obesity models. To address this question, we examined hippocampal morphological and behavioral plasticity following lentivirus-mediated downregulation of hypothalamic insulin receptors (hypo-IRAS). Hypo-IRAS rats exhibit increases in body weight, adiposity, plasma leptin and triglyceride levels. As such, hypo-IRAS rats develop a phenotype that is consistent with features of the metabolic syndrome. In addition, hippocampal morphological plasticity and performance of hippocampal-dependent tasks are adversely affected in hypo-IRAS rats. Leptin-mediated signaling is also decreased in hypo-IRAS rats. We will discuss these findings in the context of how hyperleptinemia and hypertriglyceridemia may represent mechanistic mediators of the neurological consequences of impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity in obesity.
|
['Animals', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Electroshock', 'Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic', 'Hippocampus', 'Leptin', 'Male', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Neurons', 'Obesity', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 21,354,191
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['E05.723.402.403', 'F04.669.224'], ['F01.145.113.555', 'F01.145.632.555', 'G11.427.410.698.555'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['G11.561.638'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D12.776.260.108.765', 'D12.776.624.664.700.179', 'D12.776.660.760', 'D12.776.930.127.765'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
PINK1 stimulates interleukin-1â-mediated inflammatory signaling via the positive regulation of TRAF6 and TAK1.
|
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The cause of neuronal death in PD is largely unknown, but several genetic loci, including PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), have been linked to early onset autosomal recessive forms of familial PD. PINK1 encodes a serine/threonine kinase, which phosphorylates several substrates and consequently leads to cell protection against apoptosis induced by various stresses. In addition, research has shown that inflammation largely contributes to the pathogenesis of PD, but the functional link between PINK1 and PD-linked neuroinflammation remains poorly understood. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the functional role of PINK1 in interleukin (IL)-1â-mediated inflammatory signaling. We show that PINK1 specifically binds to TRAF6 and TAK1, and facilitates the autodimerization and autoubiquitination of TRAF6. PINK1 also enhances the association between TRAF6 and TAK1, phosphorylates TAK1, and stimulates polyubiquitination of TAK1. Furthermore, PINK1 leads to the potentiation of IL-1â-mediated NF-êB activity and cytokine production. These findings suggest that PINK1 positively regulates two key molecules, TRAF6 and TAK1, in the IL-1â-mediated signaling pathway, consequently up-regulating their downstream inflammatory events.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Interleukin-8', 'MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases', 'Mice', 'NF-kappa B', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Signal Transduction', 'TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6', 'Ubiquitination']
| 22,643,835
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559', 'D12.644.360.400', 'D12.776.476.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G02.111.694'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.500.968', 'D12.776.157.057.500.968', 'D12.776.476.024.500.968'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.925', 'G02.111.691.600.775', 'G03.734.871.790.600.831', 'G05.308.670.600.831']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
New low osmolality water-soluble contrast compounds in selective arteriography of the peripheral limbs. A comparative study.
|
Metrizamide (Amipaque) and ioxaglate (Hexabrix), both new low osmolality contrast agents, were evaluated in a comparative study of 50 patients with peripheral arterial diseases undergoing in total 118 angiograms. The degree of discomfort caused by the highly selective injection of these compounds and the normal available water-soluble media was estimated. Metrizamide resulted as the optimal contrast medium and Hexabrix is second best. Intra-arterial lidocaine reduced serious discomfort from 70 to 15% in conventional media. None of the evaluated contrast compounds was changing blood flow in this group of patients. But pharmacoangiography with high dosages of tolazoline could provide additional information on vascular pathophysiology.
|
['Angiography', 'Contrast Media', 'Humans', 'Lidocaine', 'Meglumine', 'Metrizamide', 'Metrizoic Acid', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Pain', 'Solubility', 'Tolazoline', 'Triiodobenzoic Acids', 'Water']
| 498,913
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Correlation of morphology, electrophysiology and chemistry of neurons in the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig distal colon.
|
Intracellular recordings were made from myenteric neurons of the guinea-pig distal colon to determine their electrical behaviour in response to intracellular current injection and stimulation of synaptic inputs. The recording microelectrode contained the intracellular marker biocytin, which was injected into impaled neurons so that electrophysiology, shape and immunohistochemistry could be correlated. Myenteric neurons in the distal colon were divided into four morphological groups based on their shapes and projections. One group (29 of the 78 that were characterized electrophysiologically, morphologically and immunohistochemically) was the multiaxonal Dogiel type II neurons, the majority (25/29) of which were calbindin immunoreactive. Each of these neurons had an inflection on the falling phase of the action potential that, in 24/29 neurons, was followed by a late afterhyperpolarizing potential (AHP). Slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials were recorded in 20 of 29 Dogiel type II neurons in response to high frequency internodal strand stimulation and two neurons responded with slow inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Low amplitude fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials occurred in 3 of 29 Dogiel type II neurons. Neurons of the other three groups were all uniaxonal: neurons with Dogiel type I morphology, filamentous ascending interneurons and small filamentous neurons with local projections to the longitudinal or circular muscle or to the tertiary plexus. Dogiel type I neurons were often immunoreactive for nitric oxide synthase or calretinin, as were some small filamentous neurons, while all filamentous ascending interneurons tested were calretinin immunoreactive. All uniaxonal neurons exhibited prominent fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials and did not have a late AHP following a single action potential, that is, all uniaxonal neurons displayed S type electrophysiological characteristics. However, in 6/19 Dogiel type I neurons and 2/8 filamentous ascending interneurons, a prolonged hyperpolarizing potential ensued when more than one action potential was evoked. Slow depolarizing postsynaptic potentials were observed in 20/29 Dogiel type I neurons, 6/8 filamentous ascending interneurons and 8/12 small filamentous neurons. Six of 29 Dogiel type I neurons displayed slow inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, as did 2/8 filamentous ascending interneurons and 4/12 small filamentous neurons. These results indicate that myenteric neurons in the distal colon of the guinea-pig are electrophysiologically similar to myenteric neurons in the ileum, duodenum and proximal colon. Also, the correlation of AH electrophysiological characteristics with Dogiel type II morphology and S electrophysiological characteristics with uniaxonal morphology is preserved in this region. However, filamentous ascending interneurons have not been encountered in other regions of the gastrointestinal tract and there are differences between the synaptic properties of neurons in this region compared to other regions studied, including the presence of slow depolarizing postsynaptic potentials that appear to involve conductance increases and frequent slow inhibitory postsynaptic potentials.
|
['Afferent Pathways', 'Animals', 'Colon', 'Electrophysiology', 'Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Interneurons', 'Myenteric Plexus', 'Neurons']
| 10,323,306
|
[['A08.612.220'], ['B01.050'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['G04.580.887.249', 'G07.265.675.887.249', 'G07.265.880.750.199', 'G11.561.570.918.249', 'G11.561.830.750.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A08.675.358', 'A11.671.358'], ['A08.800.050.050.500', 'A08.800.050.150.500', 'A08.800.800.060.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Opsin spectral sensitivity determines the effectiveness of optogenetic termination of ventricular fibrillation in the human heart: a simulation study.
|
KEY POINTS: Optogenetics-based defibrillation, a theoretical alternative to electrotherapy, involves expression of light-sensitive ion channels in the heart (via gene or cell therapy) and illumination of the cardiac surfaces (via implanted LED arrays) to elicit light-induced activations. We used a biophysically detailed human ventricular model to determine whether such a therapy could terminate fibrillation (VF) and identify which combinations of light-sensitive ion channel properties and illumination configurations would be effective. Defibrillation was successful when a large proportion (> 16.6%) of ventricular tissue was directly stimulated by light that was bright enough to induce an action potential in an uncoupled cell. While illumination with blue light never successfully terminated VF, illumination of red light-sensitive ion channels with dense arrays of implanted red light sources resulted in successful defibrillation. Our results suggest that cardiac expression of red light-sensitive ion channels is necessary for the development of effective optogenetics-based defibrillation therapy using LED arrays.ABSTRACT: Optogenetics-based defibrillation has been proposed as a novel and potentially pain-free approach to enable cardiomyocyte-selective defibrillation in humans, but the feasibility of such a therapy remains unknown. This study aimed to (1) assess the feasibility of terminating sustained ventricular fibrillation (VF) via light-induced excitation of opsins expressed throughout the myocardium and (2) identify the ideal (theoretically possible) opsin properties and light source configurations that would maximise therapeutic efficacy. We conducted electrophysiological simulations in an MRI-based human ventricular model with VF induced by rapid pacing; light sensitisation via systemic, cardiac-specific gene transfer of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) was simulated. In addition to the widely used blue light-sensitive ChR2-H134R, we also modelled theoretical ChR2 variants with augmented light sensitivity (ChR2+), red-shifted spectral sensitivity (ChR2-RED) or both (ChR2-RED+). Light sources were modelled as synchronously activating LED arrays (LED radius: 1 mm; optical power: 10 mW mm-2 ; array density: 1.15-4.61 cm-2 ). For each unique optogenetic configuration, defibrillation was attempted with two different optical pulse durations (25 and 500 ms). VF termination was only successful for configurations involving ChR2-RED and ChR2-RED+ (for LED arrays with density ? 2.30 cm-2 ), suggesting that opsin spectral sensitivity was the most important determinant of optogenetic defibrillation efficacy. This was due to the deeper penetration of red light in cardiac tissue compared with blue light, which resulted in more widespread light-induced propagating wavefronts. Longer pulse duration and higher LED array density were associated with increased optogenetic defibrillation efficacy. In all cases observed, the defibrillation mechanism was light-induced depolarisation of the excitable gap, which led to block of reentrant wavefronts.
|
['Channelrhodopsins', 'Computer Simulation', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Optogenetics', 'Patient-Specific Modeling', 'Ventricular Fibrillation']
| 26,941,055
|
[['D12.776.157.530.400.163', 'D12.776.543.550.450.163', 'D12.776.543.585.400.163', 'D12.776.765.593.250'], ['L01.224.160'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.393.667'], ['E05.599.395.821', 'L01.224.160.750'], ['C14.280.067.922', 'C23.550.073.922']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Proteomic profiling of birch (Betula verrucosa) pollen extracts from different origins.
|
Pollen of the European white birch is a major source of spring pollinosis in Europe. Pollen-allergy diagnosis and treatment by specific immunotherapy commonly rely on extracts of natural origin. To gain insight into the protein content and its variability, we evaluated the profile of allergenic and non-allergenic proteins in extracts of pollen from different origins by MS-based proteomics. Aqueous extracts prepared from commercially available Swedish birch pollen, pollen collected from Austrian trees and a commercial skin prick extract were analyzed by 1-DE, 2-DE, immunoblotting and mass spectrometry, resulting in a complete inventory of extractable, disease-relevant pollen proteins. A main focus of this study was on the isoform distribution of Bet v 1, the major allergen of birch pollen. Using a combination of intact mass determination and peptide sequencing, five isoforms (a, b, d, f and j) were unequivocally identified in Swedish and Austrian birch pollen extracts, while the skin prick extract contained only isoforms a, b and d. Using the same methods as for Bet v 1, divergencies in the sequence of birch profilin (Bet v 2), a plant panallergen, were solved. The molecular characterization of pollen extracts is relevant for standardization and development of new reagents for specific immunotherapy.
|
['Allergens', 'Antigens, Plant', 'Betula', 'Immunoblotting', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Proteins', 'Pollen', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Proteomics']
| 21,360,672
|
[['D23.050.063'], ['D23.050.291'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.750.200.750'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.024.249.500.249.500'], ['D12.776.800'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reconstruction of the interosseous membrane of the forearm with a graft substitute: a cadaveric study.
|
PURPOSE: Longitudinal radioulnar dissociation occurs when traumatic axial loading through the wrist disrupts the interosseous membrane (IOM) of the forearm and fractures the radial head (Essex-Lopresti injury). Proximal migration of the radius results in a wrist with a positive ulnar variance, which leads ultimately to painful ulnar-sided wrist degeneration and wrist pain during grasping activities that involve axial loading or ulnar deviation of the wrist. In theory reconstruction of the IOM with a graft substitute can limit proximal migration of the radius, thereby preserving wrist function. The objective of this study was to measure the abilities of 3 graft tissues to limit proximal radial displacement compared with the native IOM in a radial head-deficient cadaver model.METHODS: Sixteen fresh-frozen cadaveric forearms were loaded axially to 134 N through the potted central 3 metacarpals; the elbow was flexed to 90 degrees with the wrist in neutral rotation. Proximal displacement of the radius relative to the capitellum was measured. With the radial head excised specimens were first tested with the IOM intact. The IOM was then sectioned and central band IOM reconstructions were performed on each specimen using the following tissues: palmaris longus tendon, flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon, and a 1-cm- wide bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) onlay allograft. Ten loading cycles were performed with each test configuration. Proximal radial displacement between 13.4 N and 134 N of applied wrist force was analyzed for the 10th loading cycle. The increase in proximal displacement between the first and 10th loading cycles (recorded at 134 N of wrist force) represented permanent elongation of the graft.RESULTS: Mean cross-sectional areas were 5.11 mm2 for the palmaris longus tendon, 15.23 mm2 for the FCR tendon, and 51.59 mm2 for the BPTB allograft. Mean proximal radial displacements were 3.04 mm (intact IOM), 4.37 mm (BPTB), 4.92 mm (FCR tendon), and 6.43 mm (palmaris tendon); all means were significantly different from each other. Mean permanent graft elongations were 0.06 mm (IOM), 0.36 mm (BPTB), 1.25 mm (FCR tendon), and 1.80 mm (palmaris tendon); all means were significantly different from each other with the exception of means for palmaris longus vs FCR and BPTB vs IOM.CONCLUSIONS: No graft reconstruction limited proximal radial displacement as effectively as the native IOM. Of the 3 graft tissues tested the BPTB allograft had the greatest cross-sectional area, allowed the least proximal radial displacement, and displayed the least permanent elongation after 10 cycles of loading. The relatively thin and narrow palmaris longus tendon appears to be the least desirable choice for IOM reconstruction because of its relatively low stiffness and tendency to elongate permanently after cyclic loading. When the radial head is absent rupture of the IOM allows unopposed proximal displacement of the radius relative to the ulna as the wrist is loaded axially. In the present tests all 3 graft tissues used to reconstruct the IOM limited proximal radial displacement. The choice of graft material is an important variable if IOM reconstruction is considered for treatment of an Essex-Lopresti injury.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cadaver', 'Elbow', 'Female', 'Forearm', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Membranes', 'Middle Aged', 'Movement', 'Radius', 'Radius Fractures', 'Tendons', 'Ulna', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 15,781,356
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['A01.378.800.420'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.615'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.700'], ['C26.088.268.556', 'C26.404.562'], ['A02.880'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.850'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
In situ high-volume modified continuous closed and/or open lavage for infected necrotizing pancreatitis.
|
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical significance of high-volume modified continuous closed and/or open lavage for the treatment of infected necrotizing pancreatitis.METHODS: From August 1997 to December 2006, 53 patients with infected necrotizing pancreatitis who underwent in situ high-volume (>20 L/d) continuous closed lavage using a single-lumen rubber catheter and/or open lavage were retrospectively studied in our hospital, and the advantages of this new technique were analyzed.RESULTS: Modified continuous closed lavage was the initial treatment for all patients; in 6 patients with secondary retroperitoneal sepsis or abscess, continuous open lavage was performed. Impaired tube patency and lavage fluid retention did not occur in any of these patients. The overall mortality was 17.0% (9/53). Twelve patients underwent early surgery, and 5 (41.7%) died; 41 patients underwent delayed surgery, and 4 (9.8%) died. Significant local complications occurred in 14 patients (26.4%); the incidence of bleeding, abscess, and fistula was 13.2% (7/53), 9.4% (5/53), and 9.4% (5/53), respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Our technique of in situ high-volume modified continuous closed and/or open lavage has produced a better control of infected necrotizing pancreatitis.
|
['Biopsy, Fine-Needle', 'Debridement', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infections', 'Male', 'Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Therapeutic Irrigation']
| 18,192,880
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119.500', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119.500', 'E01.370.388.100.100.500', 'E04.074.119.500', 'E04.665.100.500', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119.500', 'E05.200.998.054.119.500', 'E05.242.384.100.119.500'], ['E04.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01'], ['C06.689.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.779.492.500', 'E02.831.535.492.500', 'E05.927']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bacterial and fungal cometabolism of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its breakdown products.
|
Resting cells of bacteria grown in the presence of diphenylmethane oxidized substituted analogs such as 4-hydroxydiphenylmethane, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane, bis(4-chlorophenyl)methane (DDM), benzhydrol, and 4,4'-dichlorobenzhydrol. Resting cells of bacteria grown with benzhydrol as the sole carbon source oxidized substituted benzhydrols such as 4-chlorobenzhydrol, 4,4'-dichlorobenzhydrol, and other metabolites of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), such as DDM and bis(4-chlorophenyl)acetic acid. Bacteria and fungi converted 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane to 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane, DDM, 4,4'-dichlorobenzhydrol, and 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone. Aspergillus conicus converted 55% of bis(4-chlorophenyl)acetic acid to unidentified or unextractable water-soluble products. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium brefeldianum converted 12.4 and 24.6%, respectively, of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane to water-soluble and unidentified products. 4-Chlorophenylacetic acid, a product of ring cleavage, was formed from DDM by a false smut fungus of rice. A. niger converted 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone to 4-chlorobenzophenone and a methylated 4-chlorobenzophenone.
|
['Bacteria', 'DDT', 'Fungi']
| 3,994,362
|
[['B03'], ['D02.455.526.439.255'], ['B01.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of non-penetrating glaucoma surgery on aqueous outflow facility in isolated porcine eyes.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate, in vitro, the influence of non-penetrating glaucoma surgery (NPGS) and the influence of tightly suturing the superficial scleral flap on the aqueous outflow facility of isolated porcine eyes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anterior chambers of 12 enucleated porcine cadaver eyes were cannulated and perfused. NPGS was performed by the same surgeon. The overall ocular aqueous outflow facilities were assessed before and after the surgical interventions of NPGS, as well as after scleral flap closure.RESULTS: The mean (SD) aqueous outflow facility, which was 0.164 (0.014) microl/min/mm Hg before surgery, increased significantly after NPGS to 1.584 (0.217) microl/min/mm Hg, p<0.001. When the superficial flap was closed, the aqueous outflow facility significantly decreased (0.754 (0.107) microl/min/mm Hg, p<0.001) but remained significantly higher than preoperatively (p<0.01). After suturing the superficial flap, the overall resistance increased to 1.625 (0.210) microl/min/mm Hg. The difference in the resistance to outflow before and after flap closure was 0.848 (0.169) microl/min/mm Hg.CONCLUSION: After NPGS suturing the scleral flap can modulate aqueous outflow resistance. The experimental set up described might provide an efficient model for the technical training of glaucoma surgeries.
|
['Animals', 'Anterior Chamber', 'Aqueous Humor', 'Eye Enucleation', 'Glaucoma', 'Sclera', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Sutures', 'Swine']
| 15,205,245
|
[['B01.050'], ['A09.371.060.067'], ['A09.371.060.067.070', 'A12.207.270.040'], ['E04.540.429'], ['C11.525.381'], ['A09.371.784'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E07.858.690.820'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Different Phenotypes of the Two Chinese Probands with the Same c.889G>A (p.C162Y) Mutation in COCH Gene Verify Different Mechanisms Underlying Autosomal Dominant Nonsyndromic Deafness 9.
|
OBJECTIVES: By analyzing the different phenotypes of two Chinese DFNA9 families with the same mutation located in the intervening region between the LCCL and vWFA domains of cochlin and testing the functional changes in the mutant cochlin, we investigated the different pathogeneses for mutations in LCCL and vWFA domains.METHODS: Targeted next-generation sequencing for deafness-related genes was used to identify the mutation in the proband in family #208. The probands of family #208 and family #32 with the same p.C162Y mutation were followed for more than 3 years to evaluate the progression of hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction using pure-tone audiometry, caloric testing, electrocochleogram, vestibular-evoked myogenic potential, and video head-impulse test. The disruption of normal cleavage to produce secreted LCCL domain fragments and the tendency to form aggregations of mutant cochlins were tested by in vitro cell experiments.RESULTS: The two families showed different clinical symptoms. Family #32 was identified as having early-onset, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, similar to the symptoms in DFNA9 patients with cochlin mutations in the vWFA domain. The proband of family #208 endured late-onset recurrent paroxysmal vertigo attacks and progressively deteriorating hearing, similar to symptoms in those with cochlin mutations in the LCCL domain. We therefore suggest that the disrupted cleavage of the LCCL domain fragment is likely to cause vestibular dysfunction, and aggregation of mutant cochlin caused by mutations in the vWFA domain is responsible for early-onset hearing loss. The p.C162Y mutation causes either disruption of LCCL domain fragment cleavage or aggregation of mutant cochlin, resulting in the different phenotypes in the two families.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that DFNA9 families with the same genotype may have significantly different phenotypes. The mutation site in cochlin is related to the pathological mechanism underlying the different phenotypes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Deafness', 'Electronystagmography', 'Extracellular Matrix Proteins', 'Female', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Pedigree', 'Phenotype']
| 28,099,493
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C09.218.458.341.186', 'C10.597.751.418.341.186', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.186'], ['E01.370.380.230.280', 'E01.370.382.900.280', 'E01.370.405.245.787.280', 'E01.370.405.260'], ['D12.776.860.300'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G05.695']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Is forced oscillation technique useful in the diagnosis of occupational asthma?
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether the forced oscillation technique (FOT), which does not require active cooperation, may be useful to assess bronchial responsiveness in patients with suspected occupational asthma (OA).METHODS: Changes in resistances evaluated by FOT, and DeltaFEV1 measured during methacholine challenge test were compared in 77 adults referred for suspected OA. Spearman correlations and ROC curves were used.RESULTS: R0 at the final dose of methacholine (R0hmd) and DeltaR0 were strongly correlated with DeltaFEV1 (p < 0.001). The ROC curves showed that R0hmd >or= 240% predicted was the best cut-off value to discriminate subjects with OA from nonasthmatic subjects (sensitivity: 80%, specificity: 76%).CONCLUSION: FOT can be proposed as an alternative method for the assessment of bronchial responsiveness in subjects with suspected OA, unable to correctly perform forced expiratory maneuvers.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Asthma', 'Bronchial Provocation Tests', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'France', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methacholine Chloride', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Diseases', 'ROC Curve', 'Smoking', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 16,093,935
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E01.370.386.700.125'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.877.883.555.500', 'D02.675.276.534.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C24'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A new method of UV-patternable hydrophobization of micro- and nanofluidic networks.
|
This work reports a new method to hydrophobize glass-based micro- and nanofluidic networks. Conventional methods of hydrophobizing glass surfaces often create particulate debris causing clogging especially in shallow nanochannels or require skilful handling. Our novel method employs oxygen plasma, silicone oil and ultraviolet (UV) light. The contact angle of the modified bare glass surface can reach 100° whilst the inner channels after treatment facilitate stable and durable water-in-oil droplet generation. This modified surface was found to be stable for more than three weeks. The use of UV in principle enables in-channel hydrophobic patterning.
|
['Glass', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Nanotechnology', 'Oxygen', 'Silicone Oils', 'Surface Properties', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'Water']
| 22,064,947
|
[['J01.637.437'], ['G02.409'], ['E05.588.465'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D02.756.650.700.800', 'D05.750.900.850.950', 'D25.720.900.850.950', 'J01.637.051.720.900.850.950'], ['G02.860'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genetic variation in the inhibin pathway and risk of testicular germ cell tumors.
|
Gene-knockout studies in mice suggest that INHA, encoding a subunit of gonadotropin-regulating proteins known as inhibins, is a tumor suppressor for testicular stromal cell tumors. It is not known whether genetic variation in the inhibin pathway also influences susceptibility to testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT), the most common testicular cancer in young men. To address this question, we conducted a case-control analysis (577 cases; 707 controls) of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes in the inhibin pathway among participants in the U.S. Servicemen's Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants Study. Thirty-eight tagging SNPs in six genes (INHA, INHBA, INHBB, INHBC, INHBE, and SMAD4) were genotyped. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) relating variant genotypes to TGCT risk were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. Among White subjects, an elevated risk of TGCT was observed for carriers of the T allele of the INHA variant rs2059693 (CT genotype: OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.04-1.71; TT: OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.01-2.52; P(trend) = 0.008). The association with rs2059693 was stronger for nonseminomas, and for teratomas and teratocarcinomas in particular (N = 58; CT: OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 0.89-2.99; TT: OR, 4.54; 95% CI 2.00-10.3; P(trend) = 0.0008). We found no evidence of association with variants in the other investigated genes. These findings suggest that genetic variation in the INHA locus influences TGCT development.
|
['Animals', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Inhibins', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Military Personnel', 'Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Factors', 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'United States']
| 18,413,775
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.334.968', 'D06.472.699.337', 'D12.644.548.387', 'D12.776.395.439'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.526.625'], ['C04.557.465'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.588.322.762', 'C04.588.945.440.915', 'C12.294.260.937', 'C12.758.409.937', 'C19.344.762', 'C19.391.829.782'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A low blood lymphocyte count is associated with an expansion of activated cytotoxic lymphocytes in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
|
In order to determine the relationships between CD2+ lymphocyte subpopulations and tumour mass, the immunophenotype of natural killer (NK) cells and T lymphocyte subsets was studied in 56 B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) patients and 38 healthy subjects. The patients were classified according to their blood lymphocyte count (BLC). Forty patients had BLC<30x10(9)/l (low BLC, less tumour mass) and 16 patients had BLC>30x10(9)/l (high BLC, larger tumour mass). The percentage of CD3- CD56+ cells, as well as of CD8+, CD8+ CD45RO+ and CD3+ CD57+ T subsets in low BLC patients, were higher than those found in high BLC patients. Conversely, the percentages of CD3+ HLA x DR+, CD4+ and CD4+ CD45RO+ lymphocytes were higher in high BLC patients than in low BLC patients. The CD4/CD8 ratio was decreased in low BLC patients while it was increased in high BLC patients and a significant positive correlation was found between their CD4/CD8 ratio and their BLC. We conclude that in low BLC B-CLL patients there is a decreased percentage of activated helper lymphocytes and an increased percentage of NK cells and activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes. These results suggest a role for NK cells, and helper and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the control of tumour burden in B-CLL patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antigens, CD', 'CD4-CD8 Ratio', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic']
| 9,293,856
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150.160', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150.160', 'G12.248'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['C04.557.337.428.080.125', 'C15.604.515.560.080.125', 'C20.683.515.528.080.125'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Relationship between hunger-satiety feelings and various metabolic parameters in women with obesity during controlled weight loss.
|
OBJECTIVE: Satiety plays an important role in weight control. The meaning of fasting hormone levels and satiety feelings, and how post-absorptive changes after meals high in carbohydrate regulate appetite remains to be demonstrated.RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Prospective metabolic study with 25 non-diabetic obese women at the Energy Metabolism Research Unit of the Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham. We analyzed fasting and postprandial ratings of hunger-satiety and values of various metabolic parameters (serum glucose and insulin, plasma cholecystokinin, respiratory quotient) during controlled weight loss. The postprandial measures were assessed following a test meal providing 320 kcal and yielding a food quotient of 0.89.RESULTS: In the fasting state, there was no correlation between hunger-satiety ratings and any of the measured metabolic parameters. Under postprandial conditions, satiety was positively related to glucose (p=0.002) and insulin (p=0.002) responses to the test meal. In multivariate analysis including glucose, insulin, cholecystokinin, hunger-satiety ratings and respiratory quotient, insulin was the only independent predictor of satiety in the postprandial state.DISCUSSION: These data suggest an association between the endogenous insulin response and feelings of postprandial satiety. Insulin's satiation properties, which could well be mediated by other hormones, may represent a primary factor of food intake regulation after meals relatively high in carbohydrate.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cholecystokinin', 'Energy Intake', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Food', 'Humans', 'Hunger', 'Insulin', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Obesity', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Prospective Studies', 'Satiation', 'Weight Loss']
| 9,618,127
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D06.472.317.152', 'D12.644.120'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.293.391', 'G07.203.650.390', 'G10.261.390'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G03.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F02.830.749'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hairless mouse skin is limited as a model for assessing the effects of penetration enhancers in human skin.
|
The permeability coefficient of 5-fluorouracil through human abdominal and hairless mouse skins was used as an indicator of the relative effects of 12-h pretreatment of the skins with either penetration-enhancer mixtures [including laurocapram (Azone), decylmethylsulfoxide, oleic acid, and propylene glycol] or saline (control). After treatment with saline, fluxes of 5-fluorouracil through the two skin types were similar, but the mouse skin showed exaggerated responses to all the penetration-enhancer formulations. There was no consistent relationship between enchancer effects on the two skin types, and we conclude that the hairless mouse model should not be used to predict the effects of penetration enhancers in human skin. After treatment with saline, hairless mouse skin sharply increased in permeability after approximately 50 h hydration, suggesting that the stratum corneum had started to disrupt, whereas the flux through human skin remained unchanged.
|
['Animals', 'Azepines', 'Dimethyl Sulfoxide', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Hairless', 'Oleic Acid', 'Oleic Acids', 'Permeability', 'Propylene Glycol', 'Propylene Glycols', 'Skin', 'Skin Absorption', 'Sodium Chloride']
| 3,373,011
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.066'], ['D02.886.640.150'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.230'], ['D10.251.355.325.600.525'], ['D10.251.355.325.600'], ['G02.723'], ['D02.033.455.706.725'], ['D02.033.455.706'], ['A17.815'], ['G03.015.500.750', 'G03.787.024.500.750', 'G07.690.725.015.500.750', 'G13.750.778'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: thin-section spiral CT findings with cholangiographic correlation.
|
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma, a highly lethal tumor, is difficult to diagnose with conventional computed tomography (CT) because of its small size. Spiral CT allows more effective evaluation of these small lesions and better demonstrates the status of the hepatic arterial or portal venous circulation. Among 27 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (infiltrative in 21, exophytic in two, polypoid in one, diffuse in three), thin-section spiral CT allowed identification of each tumor as an area of focal wall thickening that obliterated the lumen. Seventeen of the infiltrative tumors (81%) showed high attenuation. Identification of the level of biliary obstruction was possible in 63% of the patients (17 of 27). The level of obstruction was underestimated in six patients and overestimated in four. Spiral CT is a valuable method for diagnosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma; however, spiral CT is less accurate in evaluation of intraductal tumor extent because of the limited z-axis resolution.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bile Duct Neoplasms', 'Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic', 'Cholangiocarcinoma', 'Cholangiography', 'Cholestasis, Intrahepatic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 9,397,459
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.274.120.250', 'C06.130.120.120', 'C06.130.320.120', 'C06.301.120.250'], ['A03.159.183.158', 'A03.620.150'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.450'], ['E01.370.350.700.715.200', 'E01.370.372.200'], ['C06.130.120.135.250', 'C06.552.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
7 alpha-Methylnorethindrone enanthate 10 beta-hydroperoxide: isolation and characterization.
|
10 beta-Hydroperoxy-7 alpha-methylnorethindrone 17-heptanoate (II), a product of allylic autoxidation of 7 alpha-methylnorethindrone enanthate (I), has been isolated and characterized. The synthesis of the hydroperoxide (II) from the 3-ethylene ketal of 7 alpha-methylnorethynodrel (III) was achieved. Esterification of alcohol (III), subsequent deketalization, and photochemical oxygenation resulted in the hydroperoxide (II). Reduction of the hydroperoxide (II) to the 10 beta-alcohol (VI) and acetylation of (II) to the 10 beta-acetoxyperoxide (VII) are described. A single subcutaneous injection of the compounds (II), (VI), and (VII) to rats failed to produce long term inhibition of fertility in contrast to the parent compound (I) which is at least five times more effective than norethindrone enanthate as measured by suppression of vaginal cornification and estrous cycles.
|
['Animals', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Norethindrone', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Pregnancy', 'Progestins', 'Rats', 'Vagina']
| 6,689,617
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.693.651'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.858'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A05.360.319.779']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Splanchnic circulation following coeliac plexus block.
|
Both the capacitance vessels and the resistance vessels of the splanchnic area are innervated by the sympathetic nerve fibers. We investigated the effect of abdominal visceral sympathectomy on splanchnic circulation, and the effect of altered splanchnic circulation on systemic circulation in ten mongrel dogs. Abdominal visceral sympathectomy was induced by coeliac plexus block with 1 ml/kg (body weight) of 1% lidocaine infiltrated around the coeliac artery. Comparison was made with infiltration of physiologic saline of the same volume. The saline infiltration caused no significant changes in the hemodynamic parameters of systemic and splanchnic circulation. Mean arterial pressure decreased significantly from 18.2 +/- 2.0 to 14.4 +/- 1.9 kPa following the coeliac plexus block, with a concomitant decrease in the cardiac index from 2.63 +/- 0.46 to 2.30 +/- 0.54 l X min-1 X m-2, while systemic vascular resistance was unchanged. Portal vein blood flow, hepatic artery blood flow and, therefore, splanchnic blood flow decreased by 8 to 17%. Portal vascular and hepatic artery resistances were not affected by abdominal sympathectomy. It was concluded that the capacitance vessels in splanchnic circulation are dilated during abdominal sympathetic denervation, causing a blood shift from systemic to splanchnic circulation. On the other hand, the resistance vessels in splanchnic circulation are affected little by abdominal visceral sympathectomy.
|
['Animals', 'Autonomic Nerve Block', 'Celiac Plexus', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Male', 'Splanchnic Circulation']
| 3,394,483
|
[['B01.050'], ['E03.155.086.711.299', 'E04.525.210.550.500'], ['A08.800.050.050.150', 'A08.800.800.060.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G09.330.100.881']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of Isometric Brain-Body Size Scaling on the Complexity of Monoaminergic Neurons in a Minute Parasitic Wasp.
|
Trichogramma evanescens parasitic wasps show large phenotypic plasticity in brain and body size, resulting in a 5-fold difference in brain volume among genetically identical sister wasps. Brain volume scales linearly with body volume in these wasps. This isometric brain scaling forms an exception to Haller's rule, which states that small animals have relatively larger brains than large animals. The large plasticity in brain size may be facilitated by plasticity in neuron size, in the number of neurons, or both. Here, we investigated whether brain isometry requires plasticity in the number and size of monoaminergic neurons that express serotonin (5HT), octopamine (OA), and dopamine (DA). Genetically identical small and large T. evanescens appear to have the same number of 5HT-, OA-, and DA-like immunoreactive cell bodies in their brains, but these cell bodies differ in diameter. This indicates that brain isometry can be facilitated by plasticity in the size of monoaminergic neurons, rather than plasticity in numbers of monoaminergic neurons. Selection pressures on body miniaturization may have resulted in the evolution of miniaturized neural pathways that allow even the smallest wasps to find suitable hosts. Plasticity in the size of neural components may be among the mechanisms that underlie isometric brain scaling while maintaining cognitive abilities in the smallest individuals.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Body Size', 'Brain', 'Dopaminergic Neurons', 'Nervous System', 'Neurons', 'Phenotype', 'Receptors, Biogenic Amine', 'Serotonergic Neurons', 'Wasps']
| 28,478,445
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.675.278', 'A11.671.270'], ['A08'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.543.750.670'], ['A08.675.895', 'A11.671.895'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Molecular identification of the wheat male fertility gene Ms1 and its prospects for hybrid breeding.
|
The current rate of yield gain in crops is insufficient to meet the predicted demands. Capturing the yield boost from heterosis is one of the few technologies that offers rapid gain. Hybrids are widely used for cereals, maize and rice, but it has been a challenge to develop a viable hybrid system for bread wheat due to the wheat genome complexity, which is both large and hexaploid. Wheat is our most widely grown crop providing 20% of the calories for humans. Here, we describe the identification of Ms1, a gene proposed for use in large-scale, low-cost production of male-sterile (ms) female lines necessary for hybrid wheat seed production. We show that Ms1 completely restores fertility to ms1d, and encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein, necessary for pollen exine development. This represents a key step towards developing a robust hybridization platform in wheat.Heterosis can rapidly boost yield in crop species but development of hybrid-breeding systems for bread wheat remains a challenge. Here, Tucker et al. describe the molecular identification of the wheat Ms1 gene and discuss its potential for large-scale hybrid seed production in wheat.
|
['Carrier Proteins', 'Fertility', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Hybridization, Genetic', 'Plant Breeding', 'Plant Proteins', 'Pollen', 'Triticum']
| 29,021,581
|
[['D12.776.157'], ['G08.686.210'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['E05.820.150.390', 'G05.090.390'], ['J01.040.227.500'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.024.249.500.249.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Analysis of the genome content of Lactococcus garvieae by genomic interspecies microarray hybridization.
|
BACKGROUND: Lactococcus garvieae is a bacterial pathogen that affects different animal species in addition to humans. Despite the widespread distribution and emerging clinical significance of L. garvieae in both veterinary and human medicine, there is almost a complete lack of knowledge about the genetic content of this microorganism. In the present study, the genomic content of L. garvieae CECT 4531 was analysed using bioinformatics tools and microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) experiments. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 and Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 were used as reference microorganisms.RESULTS: The combination and integration of in silico analyses and in vitro CGH experiments, performed in comparison with the reference microorganisms, allowed establishment of an inter-species hybridization framework with a detection threshold based on a sequence similarity of >or= 70%. With this threshold value, 267 genes were identified as having an analogue in L. garvieae, most of which (n = 258) have been documented for the first time in this pathogen. Most of the genes are related to ribosomal, sugar metabolism or energy conversion systems. Some of the identified genes, such as als and mycA, could be involved in the pathogenesis of L. garvieae infections.CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we identified 267 genes that were potentially present in L. garvieae CECT 4531. Some of the identified genes could be involved in the pathogenesis of L. garvieae infections. These results provide the first insight into the genome content of L. garvieae.
|
['Comparative Genomic Hybridization', 'Computational Biology', 'Computer Simulation', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Lactococcus', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Species Specificity', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae']
| 20,233,401
|
[['E05.393.285.240', 'E05.393.520.500', 'E05.393.661.187'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['B03.353.750.737.500', 'B03.510.400.800.500', 'B03.510.550.737.500'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['G16.824'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.550', 'B03.510.400.800.872.550', 'B03.510.550.737.872.550']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Different pathways of postreceptor desensitization following chronic insulin treatment and in cells overexpressing constitutively active insulin receptors.
|
We have reported previously that substitution of the transmembrane domain of the insulin receptor with that of the erbB-2 oncogene (IRerbV-->E) results in constitutive activation of the insulin receptor kinase. Compared to NIH3T3 cells overexpressing wild-type insulin receptors (IRwt), cells overexpressing IRerbV-->E displayed a decrease in IRS-1 protein content by 55%, but basal tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 was increased. This resulted in an increased association of IRS-1 with the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, increased phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in anti-IRS-1 immunoprecipitates, constitutive activation of p70 S6 protein kinase, and an increased association of Grb2 with Shc in the absence of ligand. However, Grb2 association with IRS-1 could not be detected in the basal or insulin-stimulated states, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity could not be stimulated by insulin, epidermal growth factor, or platelet-derived growth factor. In contrast to IRerbV-->E, the insulin receptor content and its tyrosine phosphorylation were significantly decreased in IRwt cells chronically stimulated (>24 h) with insulin. With decreased IRS-1 content, tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 was decreased by over 75%, leading to decreased IRS-1-associated PI 3-kinase and Grb2. In addition, Grb2 association with Shc and activation of MAPK and the p70 S6 kinase were insensitive to insulin stimulation. By contrast, association of Grb2 with Shc and activation of MAPK, but not the p70 S6 kinase, could be stimulated by epidermal growth factor or platelet-derived growth factor. These data suggest that there are multiple levels of postreceptor desensitization to insulin action. These are used somewhat differently in these two different models, probably due in part to the difference in receptor down-regulation.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport', 'Animals', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'ErbB Receptors', 'GRB2 Adaptor Protein', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)', 'Platelet-Derived Growth Factor', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Proteins', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Receptor, Insulin', 'Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases', 'Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1']
| 8,910,437
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['D12.776.543.990.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['D12.644.360.024.290', 'D12.776.157.057.041', 'D12.776.476.024.377'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D12.644.360.024.301', 'D12.776.157.057.045', 'D12.776.476.024.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.750', 'D12.644.360.450.169.750', 'D12.776.476.450.169.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D12.776.744'], ['D08.811.913.696.620'], ['D12.644.276.910', 'D12.776.124.625', 'D12.776.467.910', 'D23.529.910'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.484', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.862', 'D12.644.360.600', 'D12.776.476.600'], ['D12.644.360.024.330', 'D12.776.157.057.162', 'D12.776.476.024.424'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.330.500', 'D12.776.157.057.162.500', 'D12.776.476.024.424.500']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Distinct functional and temporal requirements for zebrafish Hdac1 during neural crest-derived craniofacial and peripheral neuron development.
|
The regulation of gene expression is accomplished by both genetic and epigenetic means and is required for the precise control of the development of the neural crest. In hdac1(b382) mutants, craniofacial cartilage development is defective in two distinct ways. First, fewer hoxb3a, dlx2 and dlx3-expressing posterior branchial arch precursors are specified and many of those that are consequently undergo apoptosis. Second, in contrast, normal numbers of progenitors are present in the anterior mandibular and hyoid arches, but chondrocyte precursors fail to terminally differentiate. In the peripheral nervous system, there is a disruption of enteric, DRG and sympathetic neuron differentiation in hdac1(b382) mutants compared to wildtype embryos. Specifically, enteric and DRG-precursors differentiate into neurons in the anterior gut and trunk respectively, while enteric and DRG neurons are rarely present in the posterior gut and tail. Sympathetic neuron precursors are specified in hdac1(b382) mutants and they undergo generic neuronal differentiation but fail to undergo noradrenergic differentiation. Using the HDAC inhibitor TSA, we isolated enzyme activity and temporal requirements for HDAC function that reproduce hdac1(b382) defects in craniofacial and sympathetic neuron development. Our study reveals distinct functional and temporal requirements for zebrafish hdac1 during neural crest-derived craniofacial and peripheral neuron development.
|
['Animals', 'Branchial Region', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Craniofacial Abnormalities', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Face', 'Histone Deacetylase 1', 'Hydroxamic Acids', 'Hyoid Bone', 'Mandible', 'Mutation', 'Neural Crest', 'Neurons', 'Peripheral Nervous System', 'Phenotype', 'Skull', 'Stem Cells', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Time Factors', 'Zebrafish', 'Zebrafish Proteins']
| 23,667,588
|
[['B01.050'], ['A16.142'], ['G04.152'], ['C05.660.207', 'C16.131.621.207'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['A01.456.505'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.500.100', 'D08.811.277.087.520.750.100', 'D08.811.600.620.100', 'D08.811.600.795.100'], ['D02.092.570.394', 'D02.241.511.372'], ['A02.835.232.409'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A16.627'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.800'], ['G05.695'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['A11.872'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['G01.910.857'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828'], ['D12.776.325.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Similar serum plant sterol responses of human subjects heterozygous for a mutation causing sitosterolemia and controls to diets enriched in plant sterols or stanols.
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OBJECTIVE: We investigated the serum phytosterol responses of heterozygous relatives of sitosterolemia patients to diets enriched in phytosterols or stanols.DESIGN: Randomized double-blind crossover design.SETTING: Muenster, Germany.SUBJECTS: Eight heterozygous and 13 control subjects were recruited. One heterozygote and three controls dropped out.INTERVENTIONS: Seven heterozygotes and 10 controls received daily portions of margarine containing 2 g of plant sterols, 2 g of stanols or a control margarine for 6 weeks each in a randomized order. These phases were intercepted by wash-out periods of 6 weeks each.RESULTS: Compared to the control period, serum phytosterol concentrations increased overall by more than 20% when subjects consumed the plant sterol margarine (F((1,15))=8.719, P=0.01), with no significant difference between heterozygotes (mean +14.5 (s.d. 17.2) micromol/l, +23.0%) and controls (+4.9 (9.9) micromol/l, +20.5%; F((1,15))=2.168, P=0.162), but decreased when subjects consumed the stanol-enriched margarine (F((1,15))=12.124, P=0.003), again to a similar extent in heterozygotes (-34.2 (41.2) micromol/l, -54.2%) and controls (-12.2 (9.2) micromol/l, -50.6%; F((1,15))=2.729, P=0.119). The lowest total serum concentrations of cholesterol and phytosterols were seen after the diet enriched in stanols. Serum stanol concentrations increased on this diet, but on a very low level and never exceeded 0.05% of serum cholesterol levels in any subject.CONCLUSIONS: Serum phytosterol concentrations increased only moderately in heterozygotes consuming a diet enriched in phytosterols, indicating that they retained considerable capacity to excrete phytosterols even at higher intakes.
|
['Adult', 'Anticholesteremic Agents', 'Cholesterol', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Esters', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Margarine', 'Phytosterols', 'Sitosterols', 'Sterols']
| 17,228,349
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D02.241.400'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.212.302.651', 'G07.203.300.350.500', 'G07.203.300.375.650', 'J02.500.350.500', 'J02.500.375.650'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.756', 'D10.570.938.795', 'D23.704.500'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.857', 'D04.210.500.247.808.756.669', 'D10.570.938.795.669', 'D23.704.500.669'], ['D04.210.500.247.808', 'D10.570.938']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Blood pressure indexes and end-stage renal disease risk in adults with chronic kidney disease.
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BACKGROUND: Few studies have compared different blood pressure (BP) indexes for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) risk among individuals with chronic kidney disease.METHODS: We examined the relationship between systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and ESRD risk among 2,772 participants with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation in the REasons for the Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. BP was measured during a baseline study visit between January 2003 and October 2007 with ESRD incidence through August 2009 ascertained via linkage with the United States Renal Data System (n = 138 ESRD cases).RESULTS: The mean age was 72.1(standard deviation: 8.7) years. After multivariable adjustment for socio-demographic and clinical risk factors including antihypertensive medication use, the hazard ratio (HR) for ESRD associated with one standard deviation higher SBP (18 mm Hg) was 1.67, (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.43-1.96), DBP (11 mm Hg) was 1.38, (95% CI 1.16-1.63), PP (15 mm Hg) was 1.50, (95% CI 1.27-1.78) and MAP (11 mm Hg) was 1.54, (95% CI 1.32-1.79). Higher levels of SBP remained associated with an increased HR for ESRD after additional adjustment for DBP (1.65, 95% CI: 1.35-2.01), PP (1.73, 95% CI: 1.32-2.26), and MAP (1.61, 95% CI: 1.16-2.23). After adjustment for SBP, the other BP indexes were not significantly associated with incident ESRD.CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that of several blood pressure indexes including DBP, PP and MAP, SBP may have the strongest association with ESRD incidence among individuals with reduced eGFR.
|
['Aged', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'Risk Factors', 'Southeastern United States']
| 22,573,012
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Endothelial Senescence Contributes to Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in an Aging Mouse Model.
|
BACKGROUND: Because of global aging, the prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) continues to rise. Although HFpEF pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, endothelial inflammation is stated to play a central role. Cellular senescence is a process of cellular growth arrest linked with aging and inflammation. We used mice with accelerated aging to investigate the role of cellular senescence in HFpEF development.METHODS AND RESULTS: Senescence-accelerated mice (SAM, n=18) and control mice with normal senescence (n=15) were fed normal chow or a high-fat, high-salt diet (WD). Vascular and cardiac function was assessed at 8, 16, and 24 weeks of age. At 24 weeks, both SAM on WD (SAM-WD) and SAM on regular diet displayed endothelial dysfunction, as evidenced by impaired acetylcholine-induced relaxation of aortic segments and reduced basal nitric oxide. At week 24, SAM-WD had developed HFpEF, characterized by diastolic dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial dilatation, and interstitial fibrosis. Also, exercise capacity was reduced and lung weight increased. Cardiovascular inflammation and senescence were assessed by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining of hearts and aortas. SAM-WD showed increased endothelial inflammation (intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression) and increased endothelial senescence (acetyl-p53/CD31 costaining). The latter correlated with diastolic function and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression.CONCLUSIONS: SAM develop endothelial dysfunction. Adding a high-salt, high-fat diet accelerates endothelial senescence and instigates endothelial inflammation. This coincides with hemodynamic and structural changes typical of HFpEF. Targeting endothelial senescence could be a new therapeutic avenue in HFpEF.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Cellular Senescence', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Echocardiography', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Mice', 'Stroke Volume']
| 28,611,124
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.043'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stroke survivors in Nigeria: A door-to-door prevalence survey from the Niger Delta region.
|
The burden of stroke has been projected to increase in low-and middle-income countries due to the ongoing epidemiological transition. However, community-based stroke prevalence studies are sparse in sub-Saharan Africa particularly in Nigeria. This study aimed to provide a comparative estimate of the prevalence of stroke survivors in the rural Niger Delta region. A three-phased door-to-door survey was conducted using WHO modified instruments. In the first-phase, 2028 adults (?18years) participants randomly selected from two rural communities were screened by trained health research assistants for probable stroke. In the second phase, suspected cases were screened with stroke-specific tool. Positive cases were made to undergo complete neurological evaluation by two study neurologist in phase-three. Stroke diagnosis was based on clinical evaluation using WHO criteria. Overall, 27 (8 first-ever and 19 recurrent cases) stroke survivors with crude prevalence of 13.31/1000 (95% CI, 8.32-18.31) and a non-significant difference in prevalence between the two study communities were found, (P=0.393I). In addition, age-adjusted prevalence of stroke survivors was 14.6/1000 person, about 7-folds higher than previous estimates outside the Niger Delta region. The prevalence increases significantly with advancing in age, P<0·001. Among others, hypertension (92.59%) was the commonest risk factor and comorbidity found. Improved stroke surveillance and care, as well as better management of the underlying risk factors, primarily undetected or uncontrolled high blood pressure, remains a public health priority.
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['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Niger', 'Prevalence', 'Rural Population', 'Stroke', 'Young Adult']
| 28,017,225
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[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.058.290.190.560'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N01.600.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 1
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[Histochemical studies on the content of plasmin in the normal and hyperplastic prostate (author's transl)].
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The content of plasmin is significantly reduced in the benign prostatic hypertrophy compared to the normal prostate. Histochemically plasmin is demonstrable by a combined incubation of substrate and inhibitor for plasmin. Plasmin is localized in the connective tissue and its function is to regulate the turnover of glycosaminoglycans. The fibrinolytic activity does not change significantly after prostatectomy because of the reduced content of plasmin in benign prostatic hypertrophy.
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['Fibrinolysin', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prostate', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Hyperplasia']
| 70,942
|
[['D08.811.277.656.300.760.330', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.330'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C12.294.565.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Incidence and Implications of Left Ventricular Distention During Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support.
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Left ventricular distention (LVD) during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support is increasingly recognized but seldom reported in the literature. The current study defined LVD as not present (LVD-); subclinical (LVD+, evidence of pulmonary edema on chest radiograph AND pulmonary artery diastolic blood pressure greater than 25 mm Hg within the first 2 hours of intensive care unit admission); or clinical (LVD++, need for decompression of the left ventricle immediately following VA-ECMO initiation). Among 226 VA-ECMO device runs, 121 had sufficient data to define LVD retrospectively. Nine patients (7%) developed LVD++ requiring immediate decompression, and 27 patients (22%) met the definition of LVD+. Survival to discharge was similar among groups (LVD++: 44%, LVD+: 41%, LVD-: 44%). However, myocardial recovery appeared inversely related to the degree of LVD (LVD++: 11%, LVD+: 26%, LVD-: 40%). When death or transition to device was considered as a composite outcome, event-free survival was diminished in LVD++ and LVD+ patients compared with LVD-. Multivariable analysis identified cannulation of VA-ECMO during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) as a risk factor for decompression (odds ratio [OR]: 3.64, confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-10.98; p = 0.022). Using a novel definition of LVD, the severity LVD was inversely related to the likelihood of myocardial recovery. Survival did not differ between groups. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was associated with need for mechanical intervention.
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['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 28,422,817
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.365.647.110'], ['E04.188'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
National health insurance reconsidered: dilemmas and opportunities.
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Changing social and economic constraints are precipitating a reformulation of the role of government in the provision of social welfare services. The authors conclude that government intervention in the health sector is bound to expand rather than contract because centralization is the key to reconciling otherwise divergent political demands for spending controls and greater equality of access to quality care for the increasing number of uninsured or underinsured persons. In the past eight years, the federal government has unleashed competitive market principles that have had negative side effects on the nation's health services. Payers, providers, and consumers will likely seek to protect themselves by forming coalitions, as happened recently in Massachusetts where the law now requires employers to provide minimum health insurance benefits to their employees. Escalating pressures to correct the damages from short-term piecemeal solutions to problems of health finance and delivery will provide the chief dynamic for universal health insurance in the United States. New economic, social, and political realities suggest, however, an eclectic strategy for attaining this goal that bears little resemblance to the conventional wisdom that guided health policy throughout the postwar period.
|
['Health Expenditures', 'Health Policy', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Medicare', 'National Health Insurance, United States', 'Politics', 'United States']
| 10,313,101
|
[['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.900', 'N03.349.550.610'], ['I01.738'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Regional assignment of catalase (CAT) gene to band 11p13. Association with the aniridia-Wilms' tumor-Gonadoblastoma (WAGR) complex.
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A gene dosage effect for catalase (CAT) was investigated in three individuals : one with 11p13 deletion, aniridia, ambiguous genitalla, and gonadoblastoma ; one trisomic for 11p with the exception of 11p13; and one trisomic for 11p13. Results were compatible with the assignment of CAT to 11p13 and its linkage with the aniridia-gonadoblastoma or Wilms' tumor complex (WAGR).
|
['Adolescent', 'Catalase', 'Child', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X', 'Clinical Enzyme Tests', 'Dysgerminoma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Iris', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Neoplasms, Multiple Primary', 'Wilms Tumor']
| 6,252,821
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Combined protein- and nucleic acid-level effects of rs1143679 (R77H), a lupus-predisposing variant within ITGAM.
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Integrin alpha M (ITGAM; CD11b) is a component of the macrophage-1 antigen complex, which mediates leukocyte adhesion, migration and phagocytosis as part of the immune system. We previously identified a missense polymorphism, rs1143679 (R77H), strongly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the molecular mechanisms of this variant are incompletely understood. A meta-analysis of published and novel data on 28 439 individuals with European, African, Hispanic and Asian ancestries reinforces genetic association between rs1143679 and SLE [Pmeta = 3.60 ? 10(-90), odds ratio (OR) = 1.76]. Since rs1143679 is in the most active region of chromatin regulation and transcription factor binding in ITGAM, we quantitated ITGAM RNA and surface protein levels in monocytes from patients with each rs1143679 genotype. We observed that transcript levels significantly decreased for the risk allele ('A') relative to the non-risk allele ('G'), in a dose-dependent fashion: ('AA' < 'AG' < 'GG'). CD11b protein levels in patients' monocytes were directly correlated with RNA levels. Strikingly, heterozygous individuals express much lower (average 10- to 15-fold reduction) amounts of the 'A' transcript than 'G' transcript. We found that the non-risk sequence surrounding rs1143679 exhibits transcriptional enhancer activity in vivo and binds to Ku70/80, NFKB1 and EBF1 in vitro, functions that are significantly reduced with the risk allele. Mutant CD11b protein shows significantly reduced binding to fibrinogen and vitronectin, relative to non-risk, both in purified protein and in cellular models. This two-pronged contribution (nucleic acid- and protein-level) of the rs1143679 risk allele to decreasing ITGAM activity provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of its potent association with SLE.
|
['Alleles', 'Antigens, Nuclear', 'CD11b Antigen', 'Chromatin', 'Continental Population Groups', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Female', 'Fibrinogen', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Ku Autoantigen', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Monocytes', 'NF-kappa B p50 Subunit', 'Odds Ratio', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Risk', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Vitronectin']
| 24,608,226
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D12.776.660.625', 'D23.050.290'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.750', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.150', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.062', 'D23.050.301.350.074.049'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['M01.686.508'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.330'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159.155', 'D08.811.399.340.155', 'D12.776.157.687.493', 'D12.776.260.525', 'D12.776.660.625.625', 'D12.776.660.720.493', 'D23.050.290.625'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D12.776.260.600.124', 'D12.776.660.600.124', 'D12.776.930.600.124'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.124.920', 'D12.776.395.970', 'D12.776.860.300.920']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Group A rotavirus and bacterial agents associated with diarrhoea-induced hospitalisations in children below 5 years of age in Jammu.
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Out of 210 faecal samples collected from children below 5 years attending different hospitals in Jammu and exhibiting clinical signs of diarrhoea, 41.9% samples were found positive for group A rotavirus by RNA-PAGE. Escherichia coli isolated in the study belonged to nine serogroups, out of which O69 was most frequent, being present in 12.38% samples. E. coli serogroups well recognised as enteropathogens viz. O69, O20 and O153 were present in 27.6% samples. Other bacterial pathogens associated with diarrhoea were present in 8.09% samples, out of which Shigella spp. was found in 4.76% samples followed by Salmonella spp. (2.38%) and Pseudomonas spp. (0.95%).
|
['Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diarrhea', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Rotavirus', 'Rotavirus Infections', 'Serotyping']
| 24,399,390
|
[['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['A12.459'], ['G05.380'], ['B03.440'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['B04.820.223.719.790'], ['C01.925.782.791.814'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Giardiasis in dairy calves: effects of fenbendazole treatment on intestinal structure and function.
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Twelve Giardia duodenalis-infected Holstein dairy calves were allocated into a treatment (n=6) and placebo group (n=6) according to pre-study faecal cyst counts. Calves in the treatment group received an oral dose of 5 mg/kg fenbendazole once daily for 3 days, while placebo calves received a sterile saline solution. Calves were euthanised 7 days following the initiation of treatment and intestinal were collected and prepared for trophozoite quantitation, histology, electron microscopy, and disaccharidase assays. In all calves treated with fenbendazole, intestinal trophozoites were below detection limits, while in saline-treated calves, trophozoites were observed in all intestinal segments. Histologically, no significant difference was observed between treatment groups with respect to intestinal villus height or crypt depth. However, a significant decline in the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) was observed in fenbendazole-treated calves when compared with placebo-treated calves in the duodenum (13.9+/-1.2 vs. 17.0+/-1.1 IEL/100 enterocytes) and jejunum (21.6+/-0.8 vs. 30.7+/-1.0 IEL/100 enterocytes). In addition, measurements from TEM micrographs demonstrated a significant increase in microvillus surface area in the jejunum of fenbendazole-treated calves compared with saline-treated calves (31.2+/-10.2 vs. 22.8+/-7.6 microm(2)). This increase in microvillus surface area was also associated with an increase in jejunal maltase activity in fenbendazole-treated calves compared with calves treated with saline. These results demonstrate that fenbendazole is an effective treatment for giardiasis in calves. fenbendazole treatment eliminated Giardia trophozoites from the small intestine of calves resulting in increased microvillus surface area and greater intestinal enzyme activity. This study also demonstrates that the pathogenesis of giardiasis in calves is similar to that observed in humans and laboratory animals, and provides further evidence that Giardia is a pathogen of cattle with potential economic importance.
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['Animals', 'Antinematodal Agents', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Dairying', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Fenbendazole', 'Giardia lamblia', 'Giardiasis', 'Intestines', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 11,165,274
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.075.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['J01.040.246'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D02.241.081.251.320', 'D03.633.100.103.450'], ['B01.237.385.400'], ['C01.610.432.481', 'C01.610.752.400', 'C06.405.469.452.481'], ['A03.556.124'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Pediatric cervical spine fractures: predominantly subtle presentation.
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Previous description of cervical spine fractures in children have emphasized high mortality injuries to the upper cervical vertebra. Our experience suggests a much wider spectrum of injury. The medical records of all children with cervical spine fractures admitted to Children's Hospital between January 1, 1985 and December 31, 1989 were reviewed. The average age of the 50 patients was 11 years (range, 2.7 to 18.8 years) and 62% were boys. Motor vehicle-related accidents (54%), sports injuries (18%), and falls (12%) accounted for the majority of the fractures. Twenty-nine patients (58%) had an associated head injury. Fifty percent of the patients were transported from the accident scene and 44% were interhospital transfers. All patients receiving medical care prior to referral had appropriate cervical spine stabilization. On admission 30% of the patients were unresponsive. Thirty-one children were alert and verbal at the time of evaluation and 30 complained of neck pain and tenderness (97%). Twenty-five of the 31 patients (83%) had no demonstrable neurological deficit on initial physical examination. Lateral cervical spine radiographs were diagnostic in 49 children (98%). A relatively even distribution of fractures occurred at all levels of the cervical spine. The anatomic site of the injury did not correlate with age. Sixteen patients (32%) died. Of the 34 who survived, only 6 had a persistent neurological deficit. Children with cervical spine fractures have two distinct patterns of presentation: lethal or intact. The majority of children with cervical spine fractures presented with no complaints of neck pain and/or tenderness need a complete radiographic evaluation of their cervical spine.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Spinal Fractures', 'Traction']
| 1,919,996
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C26.117.500.500', 'C26.404.812'], ['E04.555.720']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Adenosine A2a receptors increase arterial endothelial cell nitric oxide.
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BACKGROUND: Adenosine is a potent vasodilator of vascular smooth muscle. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) elicits vasodilation. We have previously reported that adenosine stimulates the production of NO from porcine carotid arterial endothelial cells (PCAEC) via a receptor-mediated mechanism. This study was to determine whether adenosine also enhances NO production from human arterial endothelium and to define the involvement of adenosine A1 and A2 receptors.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human iliac arterial endothelial cells (HIAEC) and PCAEC were harvested and cultured in dishes. NO production was evaluated with a NO electrode sensor which measured continuously real-time NO production.RESULTS: NO content of the medium bathing HIAEC and PCAEC was significantly increased with adenosine (100 micromol/L). Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), a nonselective adenosine receptor agonist, and carboxyethyl-phenethylamino-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (CGS-21680), a selective adenosine A2a receptor agonist, increased NO production by HIAEC and PCAEC with respective EC50 values of 3.32 and 6.96 nmol/L for NECA and 30.97 and 29.47 nmol/L for CGS-21680. Chlorofuryl-triazolo-quinazolinamine (CGS-15943; 1 micromol/L), an adenosine A1 and A2 receptor antagonist, and aminofuryltriazolotriazinyl-aminoethylphenol (ZM-241385; 1 micromol/L), a selective adenosine A2a receptor antagonist, inhibited the effect of CGS-21680. Chlorocyclopentyl-adenosine (CCPA; 1 micromol/L), an adenosine A1 receptor agonist, significantly depressed NO production by both HIAEC and PCAEC: This effect was inhibited by cyclopentyl-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX), a selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist.CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that adenosine A2a receptors increase, and adenosine A1 receptors decrease, the production of NO by human and porcine arterial endothelial cells.
|
['Adenosine', "Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide)", 'Animals', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Iliac Artery', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Phenethylamines', 'Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists', 'Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists', 'Quinazolines', 'Receptor, Adenosine A2A', 'Receptors, Purinergic P1', 'Swine', 'Triazines', 'Triazoles', 'Xanthines']
| 9,878,338
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138.025', 'D13.570.583.138.025', 'D13.570.800.096.250'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['A11.251'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D02.092.471.683'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.200.100', 'D27.505.696.577.725.200.100'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.400.100', 'D27.505.696.577.725.400.100'], ['D03.633.100.786'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.700.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.700.200.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.700', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D03.383.931'], ['D03.383.129.799'], ['D03.132.960', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Motivations and demographics of I-6 and traditional 5+2 cardiothoracic surgery resident applicants: insights from an academic training program.
|
BACKGROUND: The introduction of the integrated 6-year cardiothoracic surgery residency (I-6) has changed the training paradigm for future cardiothoracic surgeons. Increased interest in these programs emphasizes the need for an understanding of the applicant pool and of their differences from the traditional trainee (5+2).METHODS: National trends (National Resident Matching Program data), objective (Electronic Residency Application Services documents, United States Medical Licensing Examination [USMLE] scores, transcripts) and subjective metrics (interviews, personal statements, and recommendation letters) were evaluated for invited applicants for I-6 and 5+2 positions in 2010, 2011, and 2012. Demographics and motivations for specialty selection were determined. Statistical analyses were performed with Student's t test for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categoric variables.RESULTS: The number of applicants completing the match for I-6 positions each year was as follows: 2010, 74 (49 United States [US]); 2011, 74 (53 US); 2012, 80 (59 US). The number completing the match for 5+2 positions was as follows: 2010, 93 (67 US); 2011, 87 (55 US); 2012, 90 (63 US). For I-6 positions we interviewed 9 candidates in 2010, 17 in 2011, and 16 in 2012; for the 5+2 program we interviewed 14 candidates in 2010, 17 in 2011, and 13 in 2012. Both groups had a similar percentage of female applicants, number of US medical graduates, additional degrees, and membership in Alpha Omega Alpha. The I-6 applicants were younger (mean age, 27.4 years), were less likely to take time off for research (43.5% vs 72.7%), were less published, and had higher surgery clinical honors and USMLE scores. The 5+2 applicants were less likely to have done a cardiothoracic medical school rotation and had done senior-level rotations on general thoracic during residency; yet, only 29.5% had done a senior level cardiac rotation. The most frequently cited motivation was a clinical encounter during a cardiothoracic rotation for both (94.9% I-6 applicants, 88.6% 5+2 applicants). The I-6 applicants had more interest in minimally invasive techniques. There were no differences in the influence of a mentor or a desire for an academic career.CONCLUSIONS: Institutional strategies to increase medical student and general surgery resident exposure to cardiothoracic surgery clinically will optimize our ability to attract and train the best candidates in our specialty.
|
['Adult', 'Career Choice', 'Demography', 'Education, Medical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Job Application', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Thoracic Surgery', 'United States']
| 25,085,556
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.785.373.346.400'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['I02.358.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['N04.452.677.400'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['H02.403.810.803'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Influence of bovine lactoferrin on expression of presentation molecules on BCG-infected bone marrow derived macrophages.
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The current vaccine for tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). BCG has proven to be effective in children, however, efficacy wanes in adulthood. Lactoferrin, a natural protein with immunomodulatory properties, is a potential adjuvant candidate to enhance efficacy of BCG. These studies define bovine lactoferrin as an enhancer of the BCG vaccine, functioning in part by modulating macrophage ability to present antigen and stimulate T-cells. BCG-infected bone marrow derived macrophages (BMMs) cultured with bovine lactoferrin increased the number of MHC II(+) expressing cells. Addition of IFN-gamma and lactoferrin to BCG-infected BMMs enhanced MHC II expressiona dna increased the ratio of CD86/CD80. Lactoferrin treated BCG-infected BMMs were able to stimulate an increase in IFN-gamma production from presensitized CD3(+) splenocytes. Together, these results demonstrate that bovine lactoferrin is capable of modulating BCG-infected macrophages to enhance T-cell stimulation through increased surface expression of antigen presentation and co-stimulatory molecules, which potentially explains the observed in vivo bovine lactoferrin enhancement of BCG vaccine efficacy to protect against virulent MTB infection.
|
['Animals', 'B7-1 Antigen', 'B7-2 Antigen', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'CD40 Antigens', 'Cattle', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, MHC Class II', 'Lactoferrin', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mycobacterium bovis']
| 18,486,627
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.467.150.100', 'D12.776.543.095.100', 'D23.050.301.285.100', 'D23.529.168.100'], ['D12.776.465.500', 'D12.776.467.150.200', 'D12.776.543.095.200', 'D23.050.301.285.200', 'D23.529.168.200'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['D12.776.465.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.097', 'D23.050.301.264.051.140', 'D23.101.100.150.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.600', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.600', 'G12.500.500.600'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.471', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.471', 'D12.776.157.427.750.249', 'D12.776.256.159.750.816.500.507', 'D12.776.377.457.507', 'D12.776.395.507', 'D12.776.556.579.750.249'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.402', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.402']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of angiotensin-(1-7) Mas receptor agonist (AVE 0991) on mitochondrial proteome in kidneys of apoE knockout mice.
|
Excessive action of angiotensin II on mitochondria has been shown to play an important role in mitochondrial dysfunction, a common feature of atherogenesis and kidney injury. Angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis constitutes a countermeasure to the detrimental effects of angiotensin II on AT1 receptors. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of angiotensin-(1-7) peptidomimetic AVE0991 on the kidney mitochondrial proteome in widely used animal model of atherosclerosis (apoE(-/-) mice). Proteins changed in apoE(-/-) mice belonged to the groups of antioxidant enzymes, apoptosis regulators, inflammatory factors and metabolic enzymes. Importantly, AVE0991 partially reversed atherosclerosis-related changes in apoE(-/-) mice.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Imidazoles', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Kidney', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mitochondrial Proteins', 'Proteome', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1', 'Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled']
| 23,988,828
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D23.469'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.776.575'], ['D12.776.817'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.047.625', 'D12.776.543.750.750.130.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel assessment of acute lung injury by in vivo near-infrared spectroscopy.
|
We investigated the feasibility and validity of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for evaluation of acute lung injury (ALI). In an in vitro model simulating the spectrophotometric characteristics of the lung, NIR spectroscopy could precisely detect changes in water volume, suggesting its ability to assess the extent of pulmonary edema caused by ALI. The different grades of ALI were induced in rats by administering oleic acid and varying the pulmonary ventilation conditions, and NIR spectroscopy was employed to determine lung water content and hemoglobin (Hb) oxygenation of the lungs. NIR spectroscopy detected increased water content even in histologically mild ALI. The changes in lung water content measured by NIR spectroscopy were significantly correlated with gravimetric lung water content (r = 0.877, p < 0.0001). Deoxy-Hb measured by NIR spectroscopy consistently reflected the histological changes in the lungs, and the deoxy-Hb levels correlated with changes in SaO2 (r = -0.798, p < 0.0001). These findings demonstrate that NIR spectroscopy can evaluate lung water content and Hb oxygenation quantitatively, and may be a useful tool for assessing pathological status in ALI.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Extravascular Lung Water', 'Hemoglobins', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Oleic Acid', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared']
| 10,390,418
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A12.207.270.300'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['A04.411'], ['D10.251.355.325.600.525'], ['C08.381.742'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Advances in the diagnosis and therapy of bone tumors with special reference to modern surgical possibilities].
|
Progress in the diagnosis of bone tumors is primarily to be seen in the possibilities of exact radiological demonstration, the differentiation of morphological characteristics of tumor growthdynamics (tumor vessels) and in the possibilities of modern nuclear methods, which provide preoperative information on the metabolism of the tumor. Remarkable progress could be achieved regarding therapy especially with surgical measures, as combined osteosynthesis and alloplastic, as well as in the development of improved materials for implantation (metal, plastic, cement) and improvement of implantation itself. The implantation of extensive amounts of foreign material in the modern ultrasterile operating rooms with horizontal or vertical flow is today possible with greater safety. In the combination of orthopaedic surgery and cytostatic and immunotherapy there exist today greater chances in the treatment of malignant bone tumors.
|
['Bone Neoplasms', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Femur', 'Giant Cell Tumors', 'Hip', 'Humans', 'Immunity', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Radiography', 'Radius']
| 1,063,729
|
[['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E01.171'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['C04.557.450.565.380'], ['A01.378.610.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.700']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Covalent binding of [14C]methoxychlor metabolite(s) to rat liver microsomal components.
|
[14C]Methoxychlor was incubated with NADPH-fortified liver microsomes from male rats, and covalent binding to microsomal components was determined. The binding process was markedly enhanced when microsomes from phenobarbital-treated rats were employed. However, when microsomes from methylcholanthrene-treated rats were used the level of binding was not significantly affected. Incubation in the presence of glutathione, cysteine, or ascorbate markedly diminished binding. Metyrapone and SKF 525-A, inhibitors of hepatic cytochrome P-450-linked monooxygenase activity, inhibited the binding. Also, ethylmorphine and hexobarbital, alternate substrates of the monooxygenase system, inhibited binding. There was no binding to microsomal components in the absence of NADPH or oxygen. TCPO (1,1,1-trichloropropane-2,3-oxide), an inhibitor of epoxide hydrase activity, failed to enhance the binding process. However, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (NDP) and n-propyl gallate (PG), both free radical scavengers, decreased binding at micromolar concentrations without altering the extent of formation of polar [14C]methoxychlor metabolites. It was concluded that methoxychlor undergoes a hepatic microsomal monooxygenase(s)-mediated activation and that the resultant reactive metabolites (possibly free radicals) bind covalently to microsomal components. By contrast, the binding resulting from the incubation of an impure mixture of polar [14C]methoxychlor metabolites with liver microsomes did not require NADPH and O2 and was not affected by NDP, Pg, ascorbate, or heat-treatment of microsomes. This finding suggested that the binding subsequent to the initial metabolic activation of methoxychlor does not require further enzymatic transformation. However, whether the binding with metabolites represents the same chemical species as the binding with [14C]methoxychlor remains to be established.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Binding, Competitive', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Methoxychlor', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 6,857,671
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.455.526.439.610'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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