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Oligodeoxynucleotides containing conformationally constrained abasic sites: a UV and fluorescence spectroscopic investigation on duplex stability and structure.
|
The synthesis and incorporation into oligodeoxy-nucleotides of two novel, conformationally restricted abasic (AB) site analogs are described. The stability of oligonucleotide 18mer duplexes containing one such AB site opposite any of the four natural DNA bases was investigated by UV melting curve analysis and compared to that of duplexes containing a conformationally flexible propanediol unit 1 or a tetrahydrofuran unit 2 as an AB site analog. No major differences in the melting temperatures (DeltaT(m) 0-3 degrees C) between the different abasic duplexes were observed. All AB duplexes were found to have T(m)s that were lower by 9-15 degrees C relative to a fully matched 18mer control duplex, and by 4-10 degrees C relative to the corresponding 19mer duplexes in which the AB site is replaced by a mismatched nucleobase. Thus we conclude that the loss of stability of a duplex that is encountered by removal of a nucleobase from the stack cannot be compensated with conformational restriction of the AB site. From the van't Hoff transition enthalpies obtained from the melting curves, it appears that melting cooperativity is higher for the duplexes containing the conformationally rigid AB sites. Fluorescence quenching experiments with duplexes containing the fluorescent base 2-amino-purine (2AP) opposite the AB sites showed a weak tendency towards more efficient stacking of this base in duplexes containing the conformationally constrained AB sites. Thus, such AB sites may structurally stabilize the cavity formed by the removal of a base. Potential applications emerging from the properties of such conformationally constrained AB sites in DNA diagnostics are discussed.
|
['Deoxyribose', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes', 'Oligonucleotides', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Temperature', 'Thermodynamics']
| 10,908,326
|
[['D09.254.330'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['E05.393.640', 'G02.111.603', 'G05.627'], ['D13.444.500'], ['D13.695.578.424'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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A genome draft of the legless anguid lizard, Ophisaurus gracilis.
|
BACKGROUND: Transition from a lizard-like to a snake-like body form is one of the most important transformations in reptilian evolution. The increasing number of sequenced reptilian genomes is enabling a deeper understanding of vertebrate evolution, although the genetic basis of the loss of limbs in reptiles remains enigmatic. Here we report genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation for the Asian glass lizard Ophisaurus gracilis, a limbless lizard species with an elongated snake-like body form. Addition of this species to the genome repository will provide an excellent resource for studying the genetic basis of limb loss and trunk elongation.FINDINGS: O. gracilis genome sequencing using the Illumina HiSeq2000 platform resulted in 274.20 Gbp of raw data that was filtered and assembled to a final size of 1.78 Gbp, comprising 6,717 scaffolds with N50 = 1.27 Mbp. Based on the k-mer estimated genome size of 1.71 Gbp, the assembly appears to be nearly 100% complete. A total of 19,513 protein-coding genes were predicted, and 884.06 Mbp of repeat sequences (approximately half of the genome) were annotated. The draft genome of O. gracilis has similar characteristics to both lizard and snake genomes.CONCLUSIONS: We report the first genome of a lizard from the family Anguidae, O. gracilis. This supplements currently available genetic and genomic resources for amniote vertebrates, representing a major increase in comparative genome data available for squamate reptiles in particular.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Genome', 'Lizards', 'Molecular Sequence Annotation']
| 25,859,342
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['G05.360.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.393'], ['E05.393.760.479', 'L01.453.245.667.580']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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Knowledge and Preferences of Primary Care Providers in Delivering Head and Neck Cancer Survivorship Care.
|
Long-term care for head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors is complex and requires coordination among multiple providers. Clinical practice guidelines highlight the role of primary care providers (PCPs) in screening for secondary cancer/recurrence, assessment of late/long-term side effects, and referrals for appropriate specialty management of toxicity. However, these responsibilities may be difficult to meet within the scope of primary care practice. We conducted this study to explore preferences, comfort, and knowledge of PCPs in the care of HNC survivors. We piloted a 40-item web-based survey developed with oncologist and PCP input targeted for family medicine and internal medicine providers. Responses were collected within a single university health system over 2 months. PCPs (n = 28; RR = 11.3%) were interested in learning about health promotion after cancer treatment (89%) and generally agree that their current practice patterns address healthy lifestyle behaviors (82%). However, only 32% of PCPs felt confident they could manage late/long-term side effects of chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery. Only 29% felt confident they could provide appropriate cancer screening. Looking at shared care responsibilities with oncology providers, PCPs perceived being responsible for 30% of care in the first year after treatment and 81% of care after 5 years. Seventy-one percent of PCPs agreed that oncologists provided them necessary information, yet 32% of PCPs found it difficult to coordinate with cancer providers. While these PCPs perceive increased care responsibility for long-term survivors, most are uncomfortable screening for recurrence and managing late/long-term side effects. Education and mutual coordination between PCPs and oncology providers may improve survivor care.
|
['Cancer Survivors', 'Continuity of Patient Care', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Oncologists', 'Pilot Projects', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Primary Health Care', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Survivorship']
| 28,707,205
|
[['M01.860.350'], ['E02.760.169', 'N02.421.585.169', 'N04.590.233.727.210'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['C04.588.443'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.810.699', 'N02.360.810.699'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F01.058.144.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
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| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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[Effect of complementary treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy) on the survival of patients with T3 tumors of the bladder treated with radical surgery].
|
We present the results obtained from the study of 65 patients with vesical carcinoma stage T3 treated with radical surgery with or without supplementary radiotherapy, with or without supplementary chemotherapy. The multivaried study of survival (Cox's model) shows that it depends significantly on the surgical complications and on the pathological state at the time of the cystectomy. Univaried analysis indicates that patients with descent from post-radiotherapy stage and those subjected to IOR (intraoperative radiotherapy) have a significantly better survival than the rest and suggests that radiotherapy improves overall survival. Influence of supplementary treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy) in the survival of T3 bladder tumours subjected to radical surgery.
|
['Combined Modality Therapy', 'Humans', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 2,618,832
|
[['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
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Postoperative PSA and PSA velocity identify presence of prostate cancer after various surgical interventions for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
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OBJECTIVES: To determine whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values can distinguish those with prostate cancer (CaP) from those with histologic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) only after surgical intervention. Prostatic adenoma inevitably remains after BPH surgery; therefore, patients remain at risk of developing CaP. Although the PSA level can be used for CaP screening in this population, it might be influenced by the efficacies of different BPH procedures.METHODS: We performed a review of patients who had undergone transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP; n = 343), holmium laser resection of the prostate (HoLRP; n = 54), or open prostatectomy (OP; n = 68). The PSA and PSA velocity values were collected at regular intervals both pre- and postoperatively for all patients. Only patients with histologic BPH and those with incidental CaP who underwent a watchful waiting strategy were included.RESULTS: The average preoperative PSA values were significantly different between the TURP, HoLRP, and OP groups. Only 1 patient had incidental CaP in the HoLRP group. No differences were present between the preoperative PSA values for patients with histologic BPH and those with incidental CaP undergoing a watchful waiting strategy (P > .05). However, the postoperative PSA values were increased in the patients with CaP (watchful waiting compared with the patient with BPH only (2.4 vs 1.7 ng/mL TURP and 4.1 vs 1.1 ng/mL OP). Similarly, patients with incidental CaP had a significantly elevated postoperative mean PSA velocity compared with patients without CaP (0.38 vs 0.06 ng/mL/y TURP and 0.47 vs -0.13 ng/mL/y OP; P < .05).CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative PSA and PSA velocity measurements can be used to distinguish patients with CaP from those with histologic BPH only.
|
['Aged', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Care', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 19,428,074
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C12.294.565.500'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
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Comparative genomics of the Mill family: a rapidly evolving MHC class I gene family.
|
Mill (MHC class I-like located near the leukocyte receptor complex) is a novel family of class I genes identified in mice that is most closely related to the human MICA/B family. In the present study, we isolated Mill cDNA from rats and carried out a comparative genomic analysis. Rats have two Mill genes orthologous to mouse Mill1 and Mill2 near the leukocyte receptor complex, with expression patterns similar to those of their mouse counterparts. Interspecies sequence comparison indicates that Mill is one of the most rapidly evolving class I gene families and that non-synonymous substitutions occur more frequently than synonymous substitutions in its alpha 1 domain, implicating the involvement of Mill in immune defenses. Interestingly, the alpha 2 domain of rat Mill2 contains a premature stop codon in many inbred strains, indicating that Mill2 is not essential for survival. A computer search of the database identified a horse Mill-like expressed sequence tag, indicating that Mill emerged before the radiation of mammals. Hence, the failure to find Mill in human indicates strongly that it was lost from the human lineage. Our present work provides convincing evidence that Mill is akin to the MICA/B family, yet constitutes a distinct gene family.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, MHC Class I', 'Genomics', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Horses', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 15,162,429
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.595', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.595', 'G12.500.500.595'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G05.365.795'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Intervention to increase detection of childhood tuberculosis in Bangladesh.
|
BACKGROUND: Despite a well-functioning adult tuberculosis (TB) control programme, children with TB remain grossly under-detected in Bangladesh. It is conservatively estimated that annually around 21,000 children with TB go undetected, due to an almost exclusive focus on sputum smear-positive TB and the absence of training or guidelines in paediatric TB.OBJECTIVE: To double child TB detection by increasing general awareness and training of health care workers at microscopy centres supported by the Damien Foundation (DF) Bangladesh.METHODS: A cluster-randomised trial was carried out with provision of child TB guidelines, training and logistics support to staff of 18 microscopy centres, while 18 non-adjacent microscopy centres continued their usual practice and served as controls. Paediatric data on TB suspect referral and case detection were collected at baseline and during the intervention at both control and intervention sites.RESULTS: Child TB case detection increased in both intervention and control microscopy centres, but the increase was three times the baseline in the intervention centres (from 3.8% to 12%) in comparison to less than double the baseline in the control centres (from 4.3% to 7%, P = 0.001).CONCLUSION: Simple guidelines and training on child TB case detection, together with basic logistics support, can be integrated into the existing National TB Control Programme and improve service delivery to children in TB-endemic areas.
|
['Age Factors', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Awareness', 'Bangladesh', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Clinical Competence', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Community Health Workers', 'Female', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Microscopy', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Program Evaluation', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Sputum', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 22,236,849
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['Z01.252.245.131'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['M01.526.485.067.080', 'N02.360.067.080'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['A12.200.808'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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|
A Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability.
|
Pilot studies and a literature review suggested that fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activity and work might form specific cognitions intervening between low back pain and disability. A Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) was developed, based on theories of fear and avoidance behaviour and focussed specifically on patients' beliefs about how physical activity and work affected their low back pain. Test-retest reproducibility in 26 patients was high. Principal-components analysis of the questionnaire in 210 patients identified 2 factors: fear-avoidance beliefs about work and fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activity with internal consistency (alpha) of 0.88 and 0.77 and accounting for 43.7% and 16.5% of the total variance, respectively. Regression analysis in 184 patients showed that fear-avoidance beliefs about work accounted for 23% of the variance of disability in activities of daily living and 26% of the variance of work loss, even after allowing for severity of pain; fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activity explained an additional 9% of the variance of disability. These results confirm the importance of fear-avoidance beliefs and demonstrate that specific fear-avoidance beliefs about work are strongly related to work loss due to low back pain. These findings are incorporated into a biopsychosocial model of the cognitive, affective and behavioural influences in low back pain and disability. It is recommended that fear-avoidance beliefs should be considered in the medical management of low back pain and disability.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Low Back Pain', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sciatica', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 8,455,963
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.400'], ['F01.470.361'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['C10.668.829.500.675.800', 'C10.668.829.600.800', 'C23.888.592.612.664.800'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Automatic or manual arterial path for the ankle-brachial differences pulse wave velocity.
|
An automated method for measuring arterial path length with devices that determine pulse wave velocity (PWV) in peripheral arteries is frequently applied. We aimed to compare arterial path length measurements based on mathematical height-based formulas with those measured manually and to assess whether the ankle-brachial difference (abD-PWV) measured with the VOPITB device is comparable to that obtained by manual measurements. In 245 patients, a metric measuring tape was used to determine the arterial path length from the suprasternal notch to the midpoint of the VOPITB cuffs wrapped around the extremities, and the results were compared with those obtained with height-based formulas. We examined the relationship between the abD-PWV measured with both methods. The arterial path length measured manually was shorter than that calculated automatically by 5 ± 2 and 30 ± 4 cm-of 13% and 21% for the arms and legs, respectively (difference of 13% and 21%). As a result, the abD-PWV calculated with the automatic method was greater (automatic abD-PWV vs. manual: 462 ± 90 vs. 346 ± 79 cm/s). The Blant Altman plot showed a percentage error of: 15,2%, 7,5% and 17,3% for heart-brachial, heart-ankle length and abD-PWV respectively. In conclusion there were significant differences between manual and automated arterial length measurements and it translates into difference abD-PWV calculate from both methods. However, the Bland-Alman plot showed that abD-PWV was comparable for both techniques. The advantages of height-based formulas for the calculation of arterial path lengths suggest that they may be the recommended method for measuring the abD-PWV.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Ankle', 'Ankle Brachial Index', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Automation', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Brachial Artery', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Femoral Artery', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulsatile Flow', 'Pulse Wave Analysis', 'Spain', 'Vascular Stiffness']
| 30,383,780
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A01.378.610.050'], ['E01.370.370.140.049'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['J01.897.104'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['C14'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.482.620', 'G09.330.380.630.555'], ['E01.370.370.680'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['G09.330.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Preoperative Positron Emission Tomography for Node-Positive Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
|
Objectives Surgery is the primary treatment modality for node-positive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with no distant disease (HNcSCC-M0). The role of preoperative positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan for these patients is unclear. We compared preoperative PET/CT with final histopathology among patients undergoing lymphadenectomy and/or parotidectomy for HNcSCC-M0. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Single Australian center. Subjects and Methods Investigation included disease parameters and preoperative CT and PET/CT findings of 64 patients with node-positive HNcSCC without distant metastatic disease. Fisher's exact test was used to test for a difference in the proportion of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia between the false- and true-negative PET/CT subgroups. Results Of 64 patients who underwent PET/CT prior to surgery for node-positive HNcSCC-M0, 56 underwent a neck dissection and 30, a parotidectomy. Of these, 13 neck dissections and 2 parotidectomies were performed in the absence of FDG-avid (18F-fludeoxyglucose) nodes in these nodal fields. The PET/CT positive predictive value of the neck was 91.1%. The negative predictive values in the neck and parotid regions were 60%. Of the false-negative subgroup, 66.7% had chronic lymphocytic leukemia, compared with 11.1% of the true-negative subgroup ( P = .09). Based on PET/CT findings, surgical plans according to preoperative CT were changed for 6.25% of patients. Conclusion Use of PET/CT for surgical candidates with node-positive HNcSCC-M0 has high specificity and positive predictive value with relatively low sensitivity and negative predictive value. A statistical trend toward a higher rate of chronic lymphocytic leukemia among patients with false-negative results is suggested.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck Dissection', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate']
| 28,925,330
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.446'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.446.318', 'E04.580.411'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Habitat associations of juvenile fish at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia: the importance of coral and algae.
|
Habitat specificity plays a pivotal role in forming community patterns in coral reef fishes, yet considerable uncertainty remains as to the extent of this selectivity, particularly among newly settled recruits. Here we quantified habitat specificity of juvenile coral reef fish at three ecological levels; algal meadows vs. coral reefs, live vs. dead coral and among different coral morphologies. In total, 6979 individuals from 11 families and 56 species were censused along Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Juvenile fishes exhibited divergence in habitat use and specialization among species and at all study scales. Despite the close proximity of coral reef and algal meadows (10's of metres) 25 species were unique to coral reef habitats, and seven to algal meadows. Of the seven unique to algal meadows, several species are known to occupy coral reef habitat as adults, suggesting possible ontogenetic shifts in habitat use. Selectivity between live and dead coral was found to be species-specific. In particular, juvenile scarids were found predominantly on the skeletons of dead coral whereas many damsel and butterfly fishes were closely associated with live coral habitat. Among the coral dependent species, coral morphology played a key role in juvenile distribution. Corymbose corals supported a disproportionate number of coral species and individuals relative to their availability, whereas less complex shapes (i.e. massive & encrusting) were rarely used by juvenile fish. Habitat specialisation by juvenile species of ecological and fisheries importance, for a variety of habitat types, argues strongly for the careful conservation and management of multiple habitat types within marine parks, and indicates that the current emphasis on planning conservation using representative habitat areas is warranted. Furthermore, the close association of many juvenile fish with corals susceptible to climate change related disturbances suggests that identifying and protecting reefs resilient to this should be a conservation priority.
|
['Animals', 'Anthozoa', 'Australia', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Coral Reefs', 'Ecosystem', 'Environment', 'Fishes', 'Population Dynamics', 'Seaweed', 'Species Specificity', 'Western Australia']
| 21,151,875
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.308.237'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['F01.145.113'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G16.500.275.157.130', 'N06.230.124.130'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['B05.080.750'], ['G16.824'], ['Z01.639.100.996', 'Z01.678.100.373.996']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
NMR spectra of a microcrystalline protein at 30 kHz MAS.
|
Proteins are not always available in amounts desirable for solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear-magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. To maximize the signal-to-noise ratio achievable with small samples, the filling factor must be optimized by using small-diameter MAS rotors. These rotors have the added benefit of allowing higher radio frequency field amplitudes during polarization transfer steps and during decoupling periods as well as allowing higher spinning frequencies. We demonstrate the advantages of relatively fast MAS (30 kHz using a 2.5 mm rotor) compared to MAS at 12 kHz for the 10.4 kDa model protein Crh with 93 residues and show that the signal-to-noise ratio in two-dimensional correlation spectra can be significantly improved by taking advantage of optimized pulse sequences available with rapid MAS.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Phosphoproteins']
| 14,677,971
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['D12.776.744']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Free transfer of the latissimus dorsi flap to sites with decompensated regional blood flow in burn and vascular surgery].
|
In the experiment, a sluggish wound of an extremity against the background of chronic ischemia was modelled in white rats. Then, a scapular muscle was transferred onto a wound defect. Free transfer of the latissimus dorsi flap (LDF) aimed at closure of the extensive wound defect and revascularization of the tissue ischemia area was performed in 29 patients: for high-voltage electric burn (12 cases), frostbite (5), radiation ulcer (4) and obliterative diseases of the lower extremities (8). Complications--partial, or total necrosis of a flap--occurred in 11 patients. Risk of free LDF transfer is justified because of absence of the other methods for prevention of amputation of the extremities.
|
['Animals', 'Burns, Electric', 'Humans', 'Rats', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Skin', 'Skin Ulcer', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 1,619,881
|
[['B01.050'], ['C26.200.239', 'C26.324.323'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['A17.815'], ['C17.800.893'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Updated longitudinal data on acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B in patients with breast cancer receiving anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy: therapeutic vs. pre-emptive use of lamivudine.
|
OBJECTIVE: Following our previous report on acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B in breast cancer patients receiving anthracyline-based adjuvant chemotherapy, updated longitudinal data were analyzed focusing on therapeutic and pre-emptive use of lamivudine.METHODS: Records of 3259 patients at Asan Medical Center between August 2001 and November 2009 were reviewed. The alanine aminotransferase level was graded by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. Hepatitis B virus reactivation was defined as a ?10-fold increase in hepatitis B virus DNA level compared with baseline or an absolute increase of >10(5) copies/ml. Acute exacerbation or hepatitis flare-up was defined as an increase of serum alanine aminotransferase level to three or more times the upper limit of normal.RESULTS: In 169 patients showing positive hepatitis B surface antigen, preemptive lamivudine prophylaxis was administered to 41 patients. Overall, 18 (14.1%) of 128 patients without prophylaxis and 2 (4.9%) of 41 patients with prophylaxis showed acute exacerbation during adjuvant chemotherapy (P= 0.164). Toxic or unknown origin hepatitis occurred in 18 (14.1%) of 128 patients without prophylaxis and 1 (2.4%) of 41 patients with prophylaxis (P= 0.046). Treatment interruption occurred in 26 (19.6%) patients without prophylaxis and in 2 (4.8%) patients with prophylaxis (P= 0.062). Age (?55) was the associated factor for acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B (P= 0.040), and the ultrasonographic findings showed the association in subgroup analysis (P= 0.032).CONCLUSIONS: Pre-emptive use of lamivudine seems to reduce the degree of alanine aminotransferase abnormality and the incidence of hepatitis flare-up. Age (?55) at initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy was an independently associated factor.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Biomarkers', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Doxorubicin', 'Female', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Lamivudine', 'Liver', 'Logistic Models', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Medical Records', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Taxoids', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,821,601
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['D23.101'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['C01.221.250.500.100', 'C01.925.256.430.400.100', 'C01.925.440.435.100', 'C06.552.380.350.100', 'C06.552.380.705.437.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.950.500', 'D13.570.230.329.950.500', 'D13.570.230.500.925.500', 'D13.570.685.245.500.950.500'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888', 'D02.455.849.291.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Regeneration of glycocalyx by heparan sulfate and sphingosine 1-phosphate restores inter-endothelial communication.
|
Vasculoprotective endothelium glycocalyx (GCX) shedding plays a critical role in vascular disease. Previous work demonstrated that GCX degradation disrupts endothelial cell (EC) gap junction connexin (Cx) proteins, likely blocking interendothelial molecular transport that maintains EC and vascular tissue homeostasis to resist disease. Here, we focused on GCX regeneration and tested the hypothesis that vasculoprotective EC function can be stimulated via replacement of GCX when it is shed. We used EC with [i] intact heparan sulfate (HS), the most abundant GCX component; [ii] degraded HS; or [iii] HS that was restored after enzyme degradation, by cellular self-recovery or artificially. Artificial HS restoration was achieved via treatment with exogenous HS, with or without the GCX regenerator and protector sphingosine 1- phosphate (S1P). In these cells we immunocytochemically examined expression of Cx isotype 43 (Cx43) at EC borders and characterized Cx-containing gap junction activity by measuring interendothelial spread of gap junction permeable Lucifer Yellow dye. With intact HS, 60% of EC borders expressed Cx43 and dye spread to 2.88 ± 0.09 neighboring cells. HS degradation decreased Cx43 expression to 30% and reduced dye spread to 1.87± 0.06 cells. Cellular self-recovery of HS restored baseline levels of Cx43 and dye transfer. Artificial HS recovery with exogenous HS partially restored Cx43 expression to 46% and yielded dye spread to only 1.03 ± 0.07 cells. Treatment with both HS and S1P, recovered HS and restored Cx43 to 56% with significant dye transfer to 3.96 ± 0.23 cells. This is the first evidence of GCX regeneration in a manner that effectively restores vasculoprotective EC communication.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Communication', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Connexin 43', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Gap Junctions', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Glycocalyx', 'Heparitin Sulfate', 'Humans', 'Lysophospholipids', 'Rats', 'Sphingosine']
| 29,023,478
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.085'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.543.585.250.200'], ['A11.436.275'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.471'], ['G05.308'], ['A11.284.149.165.355'], ['D09.698.373.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.033.100.700', 'D02.033.455.843', 'D02.092.063.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Discordant imaging of a thyroid nodule with 131I and 99mTc: concordance of 131I and fluorescent scans.
|
A thyroid nodule, "hot" by 99mTc and "cold" by 131I scanning, was reimaged with a fluorescent scanner. The fluorescent scan was qualitatively similar to the 131I scan and demonstrated low iodine content in the nodule. This combination of scan patterns is compatible with an organification defect in the nodular tissue.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Fluorescence', 'Humans', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Technetium', 'Thyroid Neoplasms']
| 674,642
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D01.268.271.870', 'D01.268.556.843', 'D01.268.956.875', 'D01.496.749.305.870', 'D01.552.544.843'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Asthenozoospermia: possible association with long-term exposure to an anti-epileptic drug of carbamazepine.
|
Little attention has been paid to infertility in men with epilepsy and little information exists about the mechanisms by which anti-epileptic drugs affect spermatogenesis or sperm function. We report a case of a male infertility patient with asthenozoospermia during long-term treatment with anti-epileptic drugs. A 29-year-old man had continued treatment with anti-epileptic drugs under the diagnosis of epilepsy for 13 years. He and his wife had been examined and treated as an infertile couple for 3 years. The patient was found to have no motile sperm with a normal sperm count, while taking a dose of 400 mg/day of carbamazepine. On suspicion of an adverse effect of carbamazepine, he was switched to phenytoin monotherapy. One month after that, sperm motility was vastly improved (65%) and they conceived a child 5 months after that. One must be cautious in extrapolating from a case report, but these findings strongly suggest a direct effect of carbamazepine on spermatic function.
|
['Adult', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Carbamazepine', 'Epilepsy', 'Humans', 'Infertility, Male', 'Male', 'Sperm Motility']
| 15,661,067
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['D03.633.300.240.127'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365.700'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Variation in epinephrine and cortisol excretion rates associated with behavior in an Australian Aboriginal community.
|
Urinary epinephrine and cortisol hormone output in a remote Australian Aboriginal community was on average about twice as high in those individuals measured on a Thursday or Friday as those measured at the beginning of the next week (Monday or Tuesday). Diastolic blood pressure was about 6 mm Hg higher in the Thursday-Friday group, but the difference in mean systolic blood pressure between the day groups does not reach statistical significance. These physiological differences are associated with a marked dichotomy in behavior in the two time periods: on the first 2 days, virtually all adults were involved in intense gambling activity for large stakes, but this was not a feature of the latter period. This behavior pattern occurs on a regular weekly basis. If substantiated by longitudinal studies, this phenomenon may provide an additional link between human behavior and a poor health profile mediated via the physiological consequences of high stress hormone output.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Australia', 'Behavior', 'Blood Pressure', 'Epinephrine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oceanic Ancestry Group', 'Time Factors']
| 9,637,187
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['F01.145'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.686.508.600'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Towards mechanism classifiers: expression-anchored Gene Ontology signature predicts clinical outcome in lung adenocarcinoma patients.
|
We aim to provide clinically applicable, reproducible, mechanistic interpretations of gene expression changes that lack in gene overlap among predictive gene-signatures. Using a method we recently developed, Functional Analysis of Individual Microarray Expression (FAIME), we provide evidence that Gene Ontology-anchored signatures (GO-signatures) show reliable prognosis in lung cancer. In order to demonstrate the biological congruence and reproducibility of FAIME-derived mechanism classifiers, we chose a disease where gene expression classifiers signatures alone had failed to significantly stratify a larger collection of samples and that exhibited poor or no genetic overlap. For each patient in the two lung adenocarcinoma studies, personalized FAIME-profiles of GO biological processes are generated from genome-wide expression profiles. For both training studies, GO-signatures significantly associated to patient mortality were identified (Prediction Analysis for Microarrays; three-fold cross-validation). These two GO-signatures could effectively stratify patients from an independent validation cohort into sub-groups that show significant differences in disease-free survival (log-rank test P=0.019; P=0.001). Importantly, significant mechanism overlaps assessed by information-theory similarity were detected between the two GO-signatures (Fischer Exact Test p=0.001). Hence, together with machine learning technologies, FAIME could be utilized to develop an ontology-driven and expression-anchored prognostic signature that is personalized for an individual patient.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adenocarcinoma of Lung', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Prognosis', 'Transcriptome']
| 23,304,380
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.022', 'C04.588.894.797.520.055'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['E01.789'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Functional effects of a muscarinic receptor blockade during acute respiratory distress syndrome in double-muscled calves.
|
Eighteen Belgian white and blue double-muscled calves suffering from the acute respiratory distress syndrome were studied. Fifteen of the calves inhaled ipratropium bromide (0.6 mg) four times a day for three to four days whereas the other three control calves inhaled sterile 0.9 per cent saline. All the animals were injected with ceftiofur sodium (1 mg/kg/day) for five days, the first injection being given one hour after the first inhalation of ipratropium bromide or saline. Arterial oxygen tension, alveolar arterial oxygen difference, carbon dioxide tension and arterial pH, respiratory and heart rates, oscillatory resistance and phase angle, measured by the mono-frequency forced oscillation technique, were recorded both before and one hour and 168 hours after the first inhalation. The measurement of oscillatory resistance and phase angle made it possible to resolve the impedance of the respiratory system into its real and imaginary components. The oscillatory compliance (Cosc) was determined from the imaginary component (Im). By one hour after the first inhalation of ipratropium bromide the oscillatory resistance was already significantly reduced and Im and Cosc had significantly increased, but the other parameters showed no significant improvement. However, between one hour and 168 hours after the first inhalation all the parameters reached physiological values. The control calves did not show any change. It was concluded that the pulmonary dysfunction associated with the acute respiratory distress syndrome in these calves was at least partly due to a severe bronchoconstriction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Animals', 'Belgium', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Cephalosporins', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Ipratropium', 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'Respiration', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Respiratory Insufficiency']
| 8,171,769
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.542.115'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D02.145.074.722.229.400', 'D03.132.760.180.572.400', 'D03.132.889.180.648.400', 'D03.605.084.500.722.229.400', 'D03.605.869.229.400'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200.500', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200.500'], ['G09.772.705'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['C08.618.846']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Pubertal development in daughters of women with pre-eclampsia.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical signs of puberty onset in daughters of pre-eclampsia and normotensive pregnancies.DESIGN: Population based follow-up study.METHODS: In a cohort of 120 daughters of pre-eclampsia pregnancies and 203 daughters of pregnancies without pre-eclampsia, pubic hair growth and breast development were assessed at 11, 12 and 13 years of age by Tanner scores and by self-assessment.RESULTS: Compared to the normotensive group, pubic hair growth (pubarche) more often preceded breast development (thelarche) (risk ratio (RR) 2.3, 95% CI 1.3 to 4.1) and thelarche less often preceded pubarche (RR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 1.0) in daughters of pre-eclampsia pregnancies. Adjustment for birth weight and body mass index in early adolescence did not substantially influence these results, but increasing severity of pre-eclampsia strengthened the differences.CONCLUSIONS: Pubarche tends to precede thelarche in daughters of pre-eclampsia pregnancies compared to daughters of normotensive pregnancies. This may reflect a stronger androgenic influence in daughters of pre-eclampsia pregnancies at the beginning of puberty.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adolescent Development', 'Breast', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hair', 'Humans', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Puberty']
| 20,930,013
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.525.049', 'G07.345.374.500'], ['A01.236'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A17.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['G08.686.760', 'G08.686.841.374']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Detection of hepatic steatosis on contrast-enhanced CT images: diagnostic accuracy of identification of areas of presumed focal fatty sparing.
|
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of identifying focal areas of increased density along the gallbladder fossa or in the periphery of segment IV for diagnosing hepatic steatosis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five hundred consecutive three-phase CT examinations were retrospectively evaluated. Two reference standards for hepatic steatosis were determined using the unenhanced CT examination: a liver-spleen attenuation difference of greater than 10 HU and the absolute attenuation of the liver less than 40 HU. The portal venous phase was independently analyzed by two radiologists. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed on the contrast-enhanced images if there was increased attenuation in the liver, either at the gallbladder fossa or in the posterior medial aspect of segment IV, when compared with background liver parenchyma.RESULTS: The criterion of relative liver-spleen attenuation difference diagnosed 38 cases. The criterion of absolute liver attenuation less than 40 HU diagnosed 44 cases. Of these cases, hepatic steatosis was diagnosed on the portal venous phase in 23 cases (ê = 1.0), with no false-positive cases. The criterion of relative liver-spleen attenuation difference yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 60.5%, 100%, 100%, and 96.9%, respectively. The criterion of absolute liver attenuation less than 40 HU yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 52.5%, 100%, 100%, and 95.7%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Qualitative evaluation of the liver on a portal venous phase contrast-enhanced CT is highly specific for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis; the sensitivity of the method, however, is rather low.
|
['Contrast Media', 'Fatty Liver', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Observer Variation', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 22,733,892
|
[['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['C06.552.241'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Adherence to standard nursing protocols on nasogastric tube feeding in a secondary referral hospital in Ghana: comparing self-ratings by professional and auxiliary nurses.
|
BACKGROUND: Data on nurses' adherence to standard protocol on nasogastric (NG) tube feeding remain scanty in Ghana even though patients in critical medical conditions are routinely managed using this procedure. This study explored self-rated adherence to standard protocols on NG tube feeding among professional and auxiliary nurses and the perceived barriers impeding compliance to these standard protocols.METHODS: This is a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study among professional (n = 89) and auxiliary (n = 24) nurses in a major referral hospital in one of the ten administrative regions in Ghana. Four-point Likert scale was used to ascertain the level of adherence to standard guidelines on nasogastric tube, ranging from 4 "Very large extent" to 1 "Very little extent". Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test and univariate ordered logistic regression tests (proportional odds models) were performed to determine the odds of higher self-ratings among professional and auxiliary nurses.RESULTS: Overall, the odds of higher self-ratings on adherence to standard nursing protocols on NG tube feeding was higher among auxiliary nurses than professional nurses (OR = 2.76, p = 0.031) after adjusting for age, gender, education and years of work experience. Key barriers to adherence to standard protocols on NG tube feeding were: limited opportunities for in-service trainings and insufficiency of NG tube feeding protocols on the wards.CONCLUSION: There is the need for more routine in-service trainings for nursing staff to update their knowledge on NG tube feeding. Hospital management should also make current nursing protocols available to nurses to guide their practice alongside routine onsite supervision of nurses.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Enteral Nutrition', 'Female', 'Ghana', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Gastrointestinal', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nursing Assessment', 'Nursing Assistants', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Secondary Care Centers', 'Self Efficacy', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 30,760,260
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.585.412', 'E05.497.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['M01.526.485.067.652', 'N02.360.067.652'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['N02.278.421.745'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The quadriceps gastrocnemius muscle.
|
The gastrocnemius muscle forms the belly of calf muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. This paper reports a four-headed gastrocnemius (named quadriceps gastrocnemius) muscle as a new variant and when present can alter the anatomy and/or the boundaries of the popliteal fossa. The four heads are named as medial, intermedio-medial, intermedio-lateral and medial. The newly identified heads, intermedio-medial and intermedio-lateral heads form the inferior boundaries of the popliteal fossa. Clinical conditions like popliteal entrapment syndrome may arise because of distal fossa congestion created by the intermedio-medial and intermedio-lateral heads. This supernumerary heads may also be useful for grafting and they also provide bulkier mass for gastrocnemius proximal attachment. The knowledge of anatomical variants presented is useful to surgeons, prosectors and radiologists.
|
['Humans', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal']
| 24,337,388
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Self-recognition in autistic children.
|
The hypothesis that the autistic child's impairment in social relatedness stems in part from underlying deficits in self-recognition was explored. Fifteen autistic children ranging from 4 to 6 years of age were assessed for visual self-recognition ability, as well as for skills in two cognitive areas that are believed to be related to the development of self-recognition--object permanence and gestural imitation. It was found that 13 of 15 autistic children showed evidence of self-recognition. The two autistic children who lacked self-recognition were the only two children to perform poorly on the object permanence tasks, which suggests that these two cognitive domains may be closely linked in development. In contrast, there appeared to be no consistent relationship between motor imitation ability and self-recognition. It was concluded that the autistic child's social deficits are not due to a basic lack of differentiation between self and other.
|
['Attention', 'Autistic Disorder', 'Body Image', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imitative Behavior', 'Language Development Disorders', 'Male', 'Motor Skills', 'Object Attachment', 'Self Concept', 'Visual Perception']
| 6,520,093
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['F03.625.164.113.500'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F03.615.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.510'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.550', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.550'], ['F02.808.260'], ['F02.739.794.624'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pregnancy outcome in women with labor-onset hypertension. Similar outcome between labor-onset hypertension and preeclampsia.
|
Labor-onset hypertension is a poorly documented category, and there is scanty information concerning the outcome of pregnancy in this condition. A retrospective study was performed to compare the pregnancy outcome of 36 patients with labor-onset hypertension (group A) with 36 patients with classical preeclampsia diagnosed before labor (group B) who were matched for parity and age. There was no difference in age, past history of hypertensive pregnancies or family history of hypertension between the two groups. The need for intrapartum hypertensive and anticonvulsant treatment as well as the outcome of pregnancy were similar in both groups. The only significant difference was that group A patients had lower maximum and booking systolic and diastolic pressures. The results indicate that labor-onset hypertension represents a late manifestation of the preeclampsia process, because these patients had lower blood pressure in pregnancy and would not be identified until intrapartum elevation of blood pressure satisfied the diagnostic criteria of preeclampsia.
|
['Apgar Score', 'Birth Weight', 'Blood Pressure', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Obstetric Labor Complications', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 2,358,191
|
[['E01.370.600.050'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C13.703.420'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of chronic ethanol administration on disposition of ethanol and its metabolites in rat.
|
We studied the effects of chronic alcohol intake on the disposition of alcohol and its metabolites in the rat. We used male Wistar rats for all of the experiments in this study. Using a pair-feeding process, rats were fed a liquid diet containing alcohol or without alcohol for 6 weeks. Ethanol solutions (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/kg body weight [BW]) were administered as a bolus, intravenously. We then measured blood ethanol and acetate concentrations. Simultaneous multiline fitting was performed using mean blood alcohol concentration (BAC)-time curves fitted to the one-compartment open model with parallel first-order and Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics. At low doses (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g/kgBW), no differences were observed between the alcohol group and the control group with respect to ethanol elimination rate, area under the curve of ethanol (AUC(EtOH)), and mean residence time of ethanol (MRT(EtOH)). At higher doses (2.0 g/kgBW), ethanol elimination rate in the alcohol group was significantly higher than in the control group (P<.5%). These findings were also substantiated by corresponding changes in AUC(EtOH) and MRT(EtOH). At low doses, no differences were observed between the alcohol group and the control group with respect to plateau concentration of acetate (AcT) (concentration of steady state=C(ss)AcT), area under the curve of AcT (AUC(AcT)), and mean residence time of AcT (MRT(AcT)). However, at higher doses, although there were no differences in C(ss)AcT, both AUC(AcT) and MRT(AcT) were significantly lower in the alcohol group when compared to the control group (P<.5%). Chronic alcohol consumption increases ethanol oxidation and AcT metabolism in rats, as observed at high blood alcohol concentrations (BACs). These effects were observed at BACs of 3.5-4.5 mg/ml, and were not observed at lower doses. Thus, with general alcohol consumption, interindividual differences and intra-individual changes in alcohol metabolism may not take into account increased or accelerated metabolism due to alcohol tolerance.
|
['Acetates', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Animals', 'Area Under Curve', 'Biotransformation', 'Central Nervous System Depressants', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Tolerance', 'Ethanol', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 17,517,325
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['D27.505.696.277', 'D27.505.954.427.210'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.992'], ['D02.033.375'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Dramatic increase in SHP2 binding activity of Helicobacter pylori Western CagA by EPIYA-C duplication: its implications in gastric carcinogenesis.
|
Infection with cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori is critically associated with the development of gastric cancer. The cagA-encoded CagA is delivered into gastric epithelial cells via type IV secretion, where it interacts with and thereby deregulates the pro-oncogenic phosphatase SHP2. East Asian CagA and Western CagA are two major CagA species produced by H. pylori circulating in East Asian countries and in the rest of the world, respectively. The SHP2 binding site of Western CagA, termed the EPIYA-C segment, variably duplicates and infection with H. pylori carrying Western CagA with multiple EPIYA-C segments is a distinct risk factor of gastric cancer. Here we show that duplication of EPIYA-C from one to two or more increases SHP2 binding of Western CagA by more than one hundredfold. Based on the decisive difference in SHP2 binding, Western CagA can be divided into two types: type I CagA carrying a single EPIYA-C segment and type II CagA carrying multiple EPIYA-C segments. Gastric epithelial cells expressing type II CagA acquire the ability to invade extracellular matrices, a malignant cellular trait associated with deregulated SHP2. A big leap in SHP2 binding activity may therefore provide molecular basis that makes type II Western CagA a distinct gastric cancer risk.
|
['Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Binding Sites', 'Carcinogenesis', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11', 'Stomach', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 26,507,409
|
[['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['C04.697.098', 'C23.550.727.098'], ['A11.436'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.300.800', 'D08.811.277.352.650.775.700.800', 'D12.644.360.585.800', 'D12.776.476.564.800', 'D12.776.476.800.800'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lactate increases myotube diameter via activation of MEK/ERK pathway in C2C12 cells.
|
AIM: Lactate is produced in and released from skeletal muscle cells. Lactate receptor, G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81), is expressed in skeletal muscle cells. However, a physiological role of extracellular lactate on skeletal muscle is not fully clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate extracellular lactate-associated morphological changes and intracellular signals in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells.METHODS: Mouse myoblast C2C12 cells were differentiated for 5 days to form myotubes. Sodium lactate (lactate) or GPR81 agonist, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,5-DHBA), was administered to the differentiation medium.RESULTS: Lactate administration increased the diameter of C2C12 myotubes in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of 3,5-DHBA also increased myotube diameter. Not only lactate but also 3,5-DHBA upregulated the phosphorylation level of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2), p42/44 extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (p90RSK). MEK inhibitor U0126 depressed the phosphorylation of ERK-p90RSK and increase in myotube diameter induced by lactate. On the other hand, both lactate and 3,5-DHBA failed to induce significant responses in the phosphorylation level of Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin, p70 S6 kinase and protein degradation-related signals.CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that lactate-associated increase in the diameter of C2C12 myotubes is induced via activation of GRP81-mediated MEK/ERK pathway. Extracellular lactate might have a positive effect on skeletal muscle size.
|
['Animals', 'Butadienes', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Lactic Acid', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Mice', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Nitriles', 'Phosphorylation', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Signal Transduction']
| 29,377,587
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.146.240'], ['G04.152'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D02.626'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Congenital kyphoscoliosis and spinal cord lesion produced in the rat by beta-aminopropionitrile.
|
Pregnant rats received the lathyrogen beta-aminopropionitrile (1,500 mg/kg) intraperitoneally on day 16 (plug day = 0 day). Kyphoscoliosis was produced in a high incidence in the fetuses at the level of the upper thoracic spine as early as 24 hours after treatment. Although most of the affected newborns died within two weeks, survivors were studied until 20 weeks after birth. Survivors developed paraplegia in consequence of kyphoscoliosis. Both spinal deformity and motor disturbance were progressive. Biochemical and electron microscopic observations suggested that beta-aminopropionitrile treatment resulted in an inhibition of collagen formation in the spinal column and surrounding longitudinal ligaments of the fetuses six hours after the treatment. In addition, electron micrographs of vertebral bodies showed a decrease of proteoglycan granules in the extracellular matrix. Therefore, rupture and collapse of weakened ligaments and vertebral bodies might result in severe spinal deformity and spinal cord lesion.
|
['Abnormalities, Drug-Induced', 'Aminopropionitrile', 'Animals', 'Cartilage', 'Collagen', 'Female', 'Kyphosis', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Scoliosis', 'Spinal Cord', 'Spine']
| 563,628
|
[['C16.131.042'], ['D02.626.151'], ['B01.050'], ['A02.165', 'A10.165.382'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['C05.116.900.800.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C05.116.900.800.875'], ['A08.186.854'], ['A02.835.232.834']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High concentrations of intrathecal interleukin-6 in human bacterial and nonbacterial meningitis.
|
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is multipotent cytokine that acts in a network of factors directing the inflammatory reaction of purulent bacterial meningitis (PBM). However, little is known about the role of IL-6 in aseptic or "viral" meningitis (AM). IL-6 was assayed by RIA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples obtained from patients with AM (n = 65), PBM (n = 8), and lymphocytic bacterial meningitis (LBM, n = 11). Of patients with AM, 89% had detectable IL-6 in CSF, with high IL-6 titers (median, 2160 pg/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1320-2540 pg/mL) compared with 100% in patients with PBM (median, 6575 pg/mL; 95% CI, 450-32,000 pg/mL) and 90.9% in patients with LBM (median, 875 pg/mL; 95% CI, 150-2180 pg/mL). There was a highly symmetrical correlation between IL-6 and the percentage of polymorphonuclear cells in CSF of patients with PBM (r = .97, P = .01) and AM (r = .49, P = .002). In conclusion, this study shows evidence that IL-6 is released into the meningeal space in aseptic meningitis and is correlated with the local acute inflammatory response.
|
['Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Meningitis, Aseptic', 'Meningitis, Bacterial', 'Regression Analysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Spinal Puncture']
| 1,634,815
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['C10.228.614.220'], ['C01.150.252.223.500', 'C01.207.180.500', 'C10.228.228.180.500', 'C10.228.614.280'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.225.998.054.790', 'E01.370.376.700', 'E02.800.779', 'E04.074.790', 'E04.665.700', 'E05.200.998.054.790']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Development of a neutralizing antibody specific for the active form of matrix metalloproteinase-13.
|
Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) is important in the pathology of osteoarthritis (OA). Although MMP-13 is considered a therapeutic target for OA, it is unclear how MMP-13 activity is regulated by the system that comprises various proteinases and their inhibitors. MMP-13 neutralizing antibodies could be a useful tool for investigating the involvement of MMP-13 in cartilage degeneration in OA-affected joints because antibodies possess high affinity and specificity compared with low-molecular weight chemical compounds. On the basis of three-dimensional structure and amino acid sequence information on MMP-13, we selected an appropriate antigen peptide and generated a neutralizing antibody by immunizing mice with the antigen. The most significant property of monoclonal antibody 14D10 was the specific binding to the active form of MMP-13, but not to the latent form, or other MMPs. With this property, active MMP-13 was measured selectively by an enzyme-linked immunosorbet assay. Furthermore, 14D10 suppressed the cleavage of type II collagen in human articular chondrocyte cultures, and 14D10 is thought to inhibit MMP-13 activity effectively. Thus, the highly selective MMP-13 neutralizing antibody (14D10) might be a useful tool for investigating the mechanism of type II collagen degradation in arthritic pathology.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antibodies, Neutralizing', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Chondrocytes', 'Collagen Type II', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 13', 'Mice', 'Osteoarthritis']
| 23,050,690
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.244', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.244', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.244'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['A11.329.171'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.200', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.363', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.550', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.363', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.550', 'D12.644.276.848.550', 'D12.776.467.836.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Is there nystagmus habituation to angular acceleration in man?
|
10 healthy volunteers, ranging in age from 20 to 30 years, were subjected to rotatory stimulation at 1 degree, 2 degrees and 4 degrees/s2 acceleration and deceleration, repeated four times at weekly intervals. Nystagmus was recorded with electronystagmography. Slow-phase velocity and the total numbers of nystagmic spikes were analyzed. There was no evidence for habituation in this experiment, which is in agreement with the majority of previous publications.
|
['Acceleration', 'Adult', 'Electronystagmography', 'Habituation, Psychophysiologic', 'Humans', 'Nystagmus, Physiologic', 'Rotation', 'Vestibular Nuclei']
| 7,183,240
|
[['G01.482.107'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.380.230.280', 'E01.370.382.900.280', 'E01.370.405.245.787.280', 'E01.370.405.260'], ['F02.463.425.393', 'F02.830.422', 'G11.561.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.350.378'], ['G01.482.703'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Choice of base at silent codon site 3 is not selectively neutral in eucaryotic structural genes: it maintains excess short runs of weak and strong hydrogen bonding bases.
|
On the average in the coding sequences of 30 eucaryotic structural genes the weak hydrogen bonding, W, (A or T) or strong hydrogen bonding, S, (C or G) base in codon site 3 was chosen to be unlike its neighbors on both sides up to two sites away. This preference produced the nonrandom excess of runs W and S of length one and two and the deficit of long runs observed earlier (Blaisdell 1982). The neighbors in the different codon, 3' to codon site 3, were as important in determining the choice as were the neighbors 5' in the same codon. Every amino acid except methionine and tryptophan, of least frequent occurrence, permits choice of W or S. The persistence of this preference could explain the observation that the rate of substitution of codon site 3 in functional genes is considerably less than in synonymous pseudo genes.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Codon', 'Genes', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Species Specificity']
| 6,887,265
|
[['D12.125'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.282'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D12.776'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Essure--a novel method of sterilization].
|
INTRODUCTION: Essure hysteroscopic sterilization is a minimally invasive, outpatient approach to female sterilization, which avoids the possible complications of laparoscopic sterilization. This procedure has been available since 2003 in both Europe and North America. We present our experience of the first 12 cases of the procedure performed in Israel.METHODS: Women who have completed their family planning were offered to consider Essure as their permanent contraception. The procedure was performed without anesthesia by the vaginoscopic technique at the hospital's outpatient clinic. Patients completed a questionnaire and were discharged immediately following the procedure. A follow-up checkup was completed after three months including three dimensional sonography, abdominal X-ray and occasional hysterosalpingogram.RESULTS: Twelve patients participated in the pilot group at Hadassah. The average age was 40 years (34-45) and the average number of children was 5 (4-8). The average time for the procedure was under 8 minutes. Periostial adhesions required adhesiolysis prior to insertion of the device in one patient. All patients resumed their normal activity on the same day. Our patient satisfaction survey revealed that the procedure was associated with high satisfaction levels. Sonographic and radiographic studies confirmed the good placement of the device.DISCUSSION: The Essure procedure was well tolerated by patients. The limitation is probably going to be the price of Essure, as this procedure is not covered by the 'health basket' in Israel.
|
['Adult', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Family Characteristics', 'Family Planning Services', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hysteroscopy', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Sterilization, Reproductive', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 18,357,664
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N03.219.151'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['N02.421.143.401', 'N02.421.800.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.378.330', 'E01.370.388.250.360', 'E04.502.250.360', 'E04.520.360', 'E04.950.300.539'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E02.875.194.910', 'E04.950.599'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Canal conversion after repositioning procedures: comparison of Semont and Epley maneuver.
|
Although the efficacy of Semont (SM) and Epley maneuvers (EM) for treatment of posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is well established, data comparing SM and EM regarding maneuver-induced canal switch are lacking. We prospectively investigated 102 posterior canal BPPV patients after application of the Semont or the Epley maneuver and looked for the appearance of ipsilateral horizontal canal BPPV symptoms. Although treatment success was similar for SM and EM (67 and 76 %, respectively), there was a significant difference in posterior-to-horizontal canal switch rates. In particular, 4 of 51 patients (7.8 %) of the EM group converted to the geotropic type of horizontal canal BPPV, whereas none of the 51 SM patients exhibited a canal switch. All four patients were cleared with a single barbecue maneuver. Our data suggest a small but significant difference in canal switch rate between EM and SM, which could be partly explained by the higher number of maneuver steps during which the head is in the dependent position throughout the EM.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Posture', 'Prospective Studies', 'Semicircular Canals', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 24,570,284
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C09.218.568.900.883.500', 'C10.597.951.500', 'C23.888.592.958.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A09.246.300.663'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Not just "a clever way to detect whether DNA really made RNA": The invention of DNA-RNA hybridization and its outcome.
|
The invention of DNA-RNA hybridization in 1960 by Ben Hall and Sol Spiegelman had a powerful impact on the theory and discourse of molecular biology. Yet, despite its importance, the story of this invention has barely been told. Hybridization allowed biologists to bridge the theoretical realm and the material world of organisms, to correlate a hypothetical concept of biological information transfer with a mechanism capable of making an RNA copy of DNA. During the early 1960s, Spiegelman and coworkers employed hybridization to investigate the origin of RNAs found in cells. They operationally defined messenger RNA and elucidated several aspects of genome organization. For Spiegelman, this was the culmination of his longstanding interest in the mechanism of enzyme/protein synthesis; for Hall, it was the beginning of a successful career in genetics. Other scientists immediately recognized the power of the technique and introduced improvements. In 1965, Gillespie and Spiegelman combined several modifications and described a procedure for hybridization that became standard. Since the 1970s, it has become an essential tool in biology and in biotechnology, and a core component in molecular techniques such as DNA microarrays. Notwithstanding its current success, the inventors' names have disappeared from the literature. This curiosity is discussed.
|
['History, 20th Century', 'Illinois', 'Molecular Biology', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization']
| 26,209,888
|
[['K01.400.504.968'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.350', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.350'], ['H01.158.201.636', 'H01.158.273.343.595', 'H01.181.122.650'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Shared epitopes for HLA-A3-restricted melanoma-reactive human CTL include a naturally processed epitope from Pmel-17/gp100.
|
Human CD8+ CTL recognize peptides bound to class I MHC molecules on the surface of melanoma cells. Several peptides derived from melanocyte lineage-specific proteins have been identified as epitopes for HLA-A2 restricted melanoma-reactive CTL. Because less than half of melanoma patients express HLA-A2, it is important to identify CTL epitopes restricted by other common MHC molecules including HLA-A1 and -A3. We have generated HLA-A3-restricted human CTL that recognize one or more shared melanoma Ags. All of the melanomas recognized by one of these CTL lines express Pmel-17/gp100, and those that fail to express this Ag are not lysed. This CTL line also specifically recognizes the lymphoblastoid line C1R-A3 following infection with a recombinant vaccinia encoding the melanocyte lineage-specific protein Pmel-17/gp100. Thus, at least one Pmel-17/ gp100 peptide is an epitope for this CTL line. We have identified ALLAVGATK (Pmel-17/gp100 residues 17-25) as an epitope for this CTL line and have shown that it is naturally processed and presented by HLA-A3 on melanoma cells. A second HLA-A3-restricted melanoma-reactive CTL line recognizes at least one additional shared epitope. These findings suggest that cellular immune responses directed against multiple shared melanoma epitopes exist in the 20 to 25% of melanoma patients who express HLA-A3. In addition, immunotherapy directed against Pmel-17/gp100 and other shared melanoma Ags may be useful in a large subset of these patients.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Cell Line', 'Epitopes', 'HLA-A3 Antigen', 'Humans', 'Immunotherapy', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Melanoma', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Proteins', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'gp100 Melanoma Antigen']
| 8,943,411
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D23.050.285'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.400.030', 'D12.776.543.550.439.400.030', 'D23.050.301.500.100.400.030', 'D23.050.301.500.450.370.030', 'D23.050.705.552.100.400.030', 'D23.050.705.552.450.370.376'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['E05.481'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D12.776'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['D12.776.543.306', 'D12.776.624.301.500', 'D23.050.285.439.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Under-registration of gestational trophoblastic disease in the Swedish Cancer Registry.
|
The paper presents a study of completeness of registration of hydatidiform mole and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia in the Swedish Cancer Registry. The study is based on patients treated in Stockholm County, Sweden from 1971 through 1986. Non-notified cases were identified through a computerized register covering nearly all hospital admissions in the region and local hospital patient register. The results show that 25% of the cases with a diagnosis of hydatidiform mole were not included in the cancer register. Of all patients treated for trophoblastic malignancy, 66% were not recorded in the Cancer Registry. The frequent absence of histopathological confirmation in cases with malignant trophoblastic disease was probably the main factor contributing to the observed under-registration. The study indicates that the Swedish Cancer Registry alone does not provide sufficient data for studies on the incidence of gestational trophoblastic disease.
|
['Female', 'Hospital Records', 'Humans', 'Hydatidiform Mole', 'Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive', 'Precancerous Conditions', 'Pregnancy', 'Registries', 'Sweden', 'Trophoblastic Neoplasms', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 1,330,675
|
[['E05.318.308.940.425', 'L01.399.250.900.425', 'N04.452.859.380', 'N05.715.360.300.715.380', 'N06.850.520.308.940.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.955.416.812', 'C04.850.908.416.750', 'C13.703.720.949.416.875'], ['C04.557.465.955.416.812.500', 'C04.850.908.416.750.500', 'C13.703.720.949.416.875.500'], ['C04.834'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['Z01.542.816.500'], ['C04.557.465.955', 'C04.850.908', 'C13.703.720.949'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
An investigation of transmission coefficients for finite and semi-infinite coupled plate structures.
|
This paper introduces a method for determining the transmission coefficient for finite coupled plates using an analytical waveguide model combined with a scattering matrix. In the scattering matrix method, the amplitudes of the structural waves impinging on a junction are separated into incident, reflected, and transmitted components. The energy flow due to each of these waves is obtained using a wave impedance method, which is subsequently used to determine the transmission coefficient. Transmission coefficients for semi-infinite and finite L-shaped plates are investigated for single and multiple point force excitations, and for controlled incident wave sources. It is shown that the transmission coefficients can also be calculated from details of the modal transmission coefficients and the modal composition of the energy incident on the junction. Results show that the modal transmission coefficients are largely independent of whether the plates have finite or semi-infinite boundary conditions, and are only dependent on the details of the coupling. Finally, frequency averaged transmission coefficients are compared for semi-infinite and finite structures. In the cases considered, it is found that the semi-infinite system is a good approximation for finite systems after frequency averaging, especially if the system is excited with multiple point force excitation.
|
['Acoustics', 'Equipment Design', 'Mathematics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Sound', 'Sound Localization', 'Vibration']
| 17,672,632
|
[['H01.671.031'], ['E05.320'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.599'], ['G01.750.770.776'], ['F02.463.593.071.869', 'G07.888.125.869'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An automatic system for multidimensional integrated protein chromatography.
|
An automatic system for multidimensional integrated protein chromatography was designed for simultaneous separation of multiple proteins from complex mixtures, such as human plasma and tissue lysates. This computer-controlled system integrates several chromatographic columns that work independently or cooperatively with one another to achieve efficient high throughputs. The pipelines can be automatically switched either to another column or to a collection container for each UV-detected elution fraction. Environmental contamination is avoided due to the closed fluid paths and elimination of manual column change. This novel system was successfully used for simultaneous preparation of five proteins from the precipitate of human plasma fraction IV (fraction IV). The system involved gel filtration, ion exchange, hydrophobic interaction, and heparin affinity chromatography. Human serum albumin (HSA), transferrin (Tf), antithrombin-III (AT-III), alpha 1-antitrypsin (á1-AT), and haptoglobin (Hp) were purified within 3 h. The following recovery and purity were achieved: 95% (RSD, 2.8%) and 95% for HSA, 80% (RSD, 2.0%) and 99% for Tf, 70% (RSD, 2.1%) and 99% for AT-III, 65% (RSD, 2.0%) and 94% for á1-AT, and 50% (RSD, 1.0%) and 90% for Hp. The results demonstrate that this novel multidimensional integrated chromatography system is capable of simultaneously separating multiple protein products from the same raw material with high yield and purity and it has the potential for a wide range of multi-step chromatography separation processes.
|
['Automation, Laboratory', 'Blood Proteins', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Equipment Design', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Humans']
| 20,850,120
|
[['E05.064', 'J01.897.104.416'], ['D12.776.124'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.916.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence of superficial dermatomycoses in 73 renal transplant recipients.
|
BACKGROUND: Because of chronic immunosuppressive therapy, the skin of renal transplant recipients (RTR) is considered more liable to fungal infections.AIM: The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of superficial dermatomycoses in a chronically immunosuppressed group of RTR who live in northern Italy and to verify the eventual relationship between the onset of mycoses, the immunosuppressive regimen and the interval of time elapsed after the transplantation.METHODS: 73 RTR were submitted to a complete dermatological examination for fungal infection. Skin scrapings were taken from the upper back, from the 4th toe web of all patients and from any suspicious lesion.RESULTS: 31 patients (42.5%) were affected by dermatomycosis. Pityriasis versicolor (PV) was present in 20 RTR (27.4%), fungal infection of the 4th toe web in 10 patients (13.7%) and onychomycosis in 9 RTR (12.3%). Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most common dermatophyte. The prevalence of dermatomycoses was higher in the group of patients treated with azathioprine-cyclosporine-steroids and in those who had received their renal transplant in the previous 1-5 years.CONCLUSIONS: PV was the most frequent dermatomycosis and showed a higher prevalence than in the normal population. The prevalence of fungal infection of the 4th toe web and onychomycosis was similar to that found in the immunocompetent population, but the length of interval after transplantation seemed to increase the probability of their occurrence and of mixed or simultaneous fungal infections in the same patient.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Azathioprine', 'Candida', 'Candida albicans', 'Cyclosporine', 'Dermatomycoses', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Italy', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Penicillium', 'Prevalence', 'Skin', 'Steroids', 'Time Factors', 'Tinea Versicolor', 'Toes', 'Trichophyton']
| 10,449,954
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.886.759.111', 'D03.633.100.759.570.090', 'D13.570.900.111'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['C01.150.703.302', 'C01.800.200', 'C17.800.838.208'], ['E02.319.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B01.300.381.662'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['A17.815'], ['D04.210.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C01.150.703.302.860', 'C01.800.200.860', 'C17.800.838.208.941'], ['A01.378.610.250.300.792'], ['B01.300.381.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of Whole Ovary Cryotreatments for Fertility Preservation.
|
The goal of this study was to compare a traditional slow-freeze method (TF) with an open unidirectional slow freeze cooling system (UF) for whole ovary cryopreservation. Therefore, whole pig ovaries were randomly assigned to (A) fresh control, (B) traditional slow freeze (TF) or (C) unidirectional slow freeze (UF). Ovaries were perfused with 10% DMSO in Krebs-Ringer. For TF, whole ovaries were placed in specimen jars containing 10% DMSO and placed into a specialized container for freezing filled with propan-2-ol. For UF, whole ovaries were placed within a specially designed container containing 10% DMSO and transferred to a specialized freezing machine (CTE 920). Histological evaluation demonstrated intact morphology of follicles in all groups; however, an overall decrease of follicle numbers in TF (46%) and UF (50%) compared to fresh control. Live/dead assay indicated significantly lower populations of live cells in both TF (60%) and UF (58%) compared to fresh tissue (74%). TUNEL assay confirmed a difference in percentage of apoptotic follicles between fresh and TF, but there was no significant difference between fresh and UF. To improve the structural and functional integrity of whole ovaries, further investigation, especially into directional freezing, is needed. Whole ovary cryopreservation could provide opportunities for women facing fertility loss due to chemo- or radiotherapy treatment.
|
['Animals', 'Cryopreservation', 'Female', 'Fertility Preservation', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Swine']
| 26,446,780
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['E02.875.800.625', 'E04.936.537.562', 'E05.820.800.625'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pediococcus pentosaceus NB-17 for probiotic use.
|
The plant-derived Pediococcus pentosaceus NB-17 was isolated from Japanese traditional vegetable pickles. The production of cytokines from mouse spleen cells co-cultivated with heat-killed bacteria was investigated in vitro. The bacteria significantly induced secretion levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-12 p70, and suppressed IL-4 productions in ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized mouse spleen cells. Therefore, the bacteria could effectively stimulate immune activities and showed allergic inhibitory effects. Further study on acid tolerance was performed under simulated gastric conditions and NB-17 showed resistance to simulated gastric acidity at pH 3.0 and pH 2.5. Moreover, after oral administration of the intact cells to rats, bacterial colonies derived from feces were analyzed by random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD). It was confirmed that the administered strain NB-17 remained alive in feces. These results suggest the possibility to use the P. pentosaceus NB-17 as functional foods.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Feces', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Pediococcus', 'Probiotics', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Spleen']
| 18,691,534
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B03.353.750.450.737', 'B03.510.550.450.737'], ['G07.203.300.456.500', 'J02.500.456.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Positron emission tomography in two cases of childhood epileptic encephalopathy (Lennox-Gastaut syndrome).
|
Two patients with childhood epileptic encephalopathy were studied by positron emission tomography before and after corpus callosotomy. Preoperatively, both patients showed in the temporal lobe unilateral hypometabolism that is characteristic of interictal epileptic foci. Postoperatively, the first patient had no seizures by the time of scanning, and his temporal lobe metabolism was bilaterally symmetric. Seizure control in the second patient did not improve by the time of scanning, and unilateral temporal hypometabolism persisted. This finding suggests a temporal lobe focus in two patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
|
['Adult', 'Brain Diseases', 'Epilepsy', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed']
| 6,981,784
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.228.140'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.350.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence of rubella IgG antibodies among Syrian females of childbearing age.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the current sero-epidemiology of rubella IgG among Syrian females of childbearing age that missed rubella vaccination.METHODS: A cross-sectional study examined healthy female students of the Pharmacy College, Kalamoon University, Deratiah, Syria. Ninety sera were collected between March and May 2008, and were subject to rubella specific IgG screening and titration using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based technique provided by Diamed Eurogen in the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy.RESULTS: The quantitative analysis for rubella IgG showed a noticeable variability in the values of antibodies that ranged between 0-363 IU/ml. A total of 77 participants were positive for rubella IgG giving a prevalence of 85.6%, and leaving a relatively high proportion of susceptibility (14.4%) among the tested group.CONCLUSION: Although most women tested were seropositive for rubella IgG, suggesting a natural virus circulation within the community, screening for protective immunity followed by vaccination to those who missed the regular vaccine program should be enforced to prevent possible rubella congenital syndrome. In addition, adding a second shot of rubella vaccine to those who were subject to the national program of vaccination is a must since the concentration of antibodies may drop below the recommended levels necessary for protection.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Prevalence', 'Rubella', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies', 'Syria', 'Young Adult']
| 20,062,905
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C01.925.782.930.700.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950'], ['Z01.252.245.500.795'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Clinical and pathological aspects of some odontogenic tumors and related lesions].
|
The jaw bones are the most common sites for epithelial cysts and tumors in the human skeleton due to their close relationship to the tooth and odontogenesis. Most of these cysts and tumors have in common an origin from the tissues of tooth formation and constitute a very diverse group of lesions that reflects the complex development of the dental structures. This group of odontogenic lesions occurs predominantly in the jaws, with a predilection for young people. Some aggressive lesions have attracted much attention as they often produce marked facial deformity and tend to recur after insufficient surgery. The most widely quoted classification of odontogenic tumors is that proposed in the WHO booklet published in 1992. There are, however, a number of controversial issues that need to be addressed with respect to clinicopathological subtypings, terminology, and diagnosis which all have direct bearings on therapeutic and/or prognostic implications. In the light of recent publication of the WHO new classification and a series of related studies undertaken by the author's group, this paper is to put together an overview on some of these important aspects related to unicystic ameloblastoma, clear cell odontogenic tumor, calcifying odontogenic cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, ameloblastic fibroma and its related lesions. Consequent upon a better understanding of the nature of these tumors and their variants, the various treatment protocols currently recommended by different surgeons will be better rationalized.
|
['Ameloblastoma', 'Humans', 'Jaw Neoplasms', 'Odontogenic Cysts', 'Odontogenic Tumors', 'Prognosis']
| 16,288,317
|
[['C04.557.695.065'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.149.721.450', 'C05.116.231.754.450', 'C05.500.499', 'C07.320.515'], ['C04.182.089.530.690', 'C05.500.470.690', 'C07.320.450.670'], ['C04.557.695'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adenosine A3 receptors mediate hypotension in the angiotensin II-supported circulation of the pithed rat.
|
The cardiovascular effects of N6-2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyladenosine (APNEA), which when radiolabelled with 125I shows high affinity for the newly described adenosine A3 receptor, have been investigated in the angiotensin II-supported circulation of the pithed rat. APNEA induces hypotensive responses which are unaffected by high doses (20-40 mg kg-1) of the broad spectrum, adenosine receptor antagonist, 8-(p-sulphophenyl)theophylline (8-SPT). 8-SPT-resistant falls in blood pressure are also seen, in the absence of bradycardia, with 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) and the R- and S-enantiomers of N6-phenylisopropyladenosine (PIA). Xanthine insensitivity, high potencies of APNEA, NECA and R-PIA, and an enantiomeric selectivity favouring R- over S-PIA are distinguishing features of the adenosine A3 receptor. We suggest that hypotension in the pithed rat may be a functional correlate of this site.
|
['Adenosine', "Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide)", 'Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Decerebrate State', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Hypotension', 'Male', 'Phenylisopropyladenosine', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Purinergic', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 8,495,245
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138.025', 'D13.570.583.138.025', 'D13.570.800.096.250'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C10.597.305', 'C23.888.592.298'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['C14.907.514'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138.630', 'D13.570.583.138.630', 'D13.570.800.096.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of bendamustine-induced genotoxicity in eukaryotic cells.
|
Bendamustine, an anticancer drug with alkylating properties, is widely used to treat hematological malignancies. Since the nitrogen mustard family alkylators induce DNA damages and have been associated with an elevated risk of second malignancy, current study evaluates the cytotoxic, mutagenic, and recombinogenic effects of bendamustine by using, respectively the mitotic index assay, the in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test (Mnvit) and the chromosome aberration (CA) test in human peripheral lymphocytes, and the in vivo homozygotization assay in Aspergillus nidulans, which detects the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) due to somatic recombination. Bendamustine (6.0 µg/ml, 9.0 µg/ml, and 12.0 µg/ml) induced a statistically significant concentration-related increase in the frequencies of micronuclei and a significant reduction in the cytokinesis block proliferation index (CBPI) rates when compared to negative control. In the CA test, bendamustine significantly increased the frequencies of structural aberrations at the three tested concentrations when compared to the negative control. Aspergillus nidulans diploids, obtained after bendamustine treatment (6.0 µg/ml, 12.0 µg/ml, and 24.0 µg/ml), produced, after haploidization, homozygotization index (HI) rates higher than 2.0 and significantly different from the negative control. Since bendamustine showed genotoxic effects in all tested concentrations, two of them corresponding to the peak plasma concentrations observed in cancer patients treated with bendamustine, data provided in the current research work may be useful to identify the most appropriate dosage regimen to achieve the efficacy and safety of this anticancer medication.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating', 'Aspergillus nidulans', 'Bendamustine Hydrochloride', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Loss of Heterozygosity', 'Lymphocytes', 'Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective', 'Micronucleus Tests', 'Young Adult']
| 29,681,187
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.124.035', 'D27.505.954.248.150', 'D27.888.569.035.035'], ['B01.300.381.081.420'], ['D02.241.081.114.625', 'D02.455.526.728.650.103', 'D03.633.100.103.123'], ['A11.251'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.029.530'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['A11.284.430.106.570', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117.570', 'C23.550.210.570', 'G05.365.590.175.570'], ['E05.393.560.598'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Lipo-oligosaccharide of Campylobacter lari strain PC 637. Structure of the liberated oligosaccharide and an associated extracellular polysaccharide.
|
Lipo-oligosaccharide from phenol-water extraction of cells of Campylobacter lari strain PC 637 was separated as a water-insoluble gel of low relative molecular mass (M(r)) from a water-soluble extracellular polysaccharide of high M(r). Structural investigations were performed on the lipo-oligosaccharide and the extracellular polysaccharide, variously using 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectroscopy, linkage analysis, and fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry of permethylated derivatives of the glycans and their products of chemical and enzymic degradation. The following structures are proposed for the highly branched oligosaccharide region: [formula: see text] and for the tetraglycosyl phosphate repeating unit of the extracellular polysaccharide: [formula; see text]
|
['Acetylgalactosamine', 'Campylobacter', 'Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Carbohydrate Sequence', 'Deoxy Sugars', 'Galactose', 'Glucose', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Heptoses', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Methylation', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polysaccharides', 'Polysaccharides, Bacterial', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Sugar Phosphates']
| 8,593,625
|
[['D09.067.342.356.050'], ['B03.440.180', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['G02.111.570.160', 'L01.453.245.667.160'], ['D09.254'], ['D09.947.875.359.377'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['D09.947.875.286'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.196.566'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D09.698'], ['D09.698.718', 'D23.050.161.616'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['D09.894']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of angiotensin II receptor blockade versus angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on ventricular remodelling following myocardial infarction in the mouse.
|
Left ventricular (LV) remodelling following myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Previous data suggest that angiotensin II (Ang II) plays a central role in the molecular events contributing to LV remodelling. We explored the effects of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibition versus Ang II (AT(1)) receptor blockade on LV remodelling in mice post-MI. Mice underwent sham procedure or left coronary artery ligation, and received placebo, the AT(1) receptor antagonist, losartan or the ACE inhibitor, enalapril. At 6 weeks, echocardiography and haemodynamic studies were performed. Infarct size and interstitial collagen content were determined. Expression of genes encoding atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), collagen type I, AT(1a) and AT(1b) receptors were measured. The placebo MI group showed increased LV end-diastolic diameter, LV end-systolic diameter with depressed fractional shortening ( P <0.01 versus shams), increased LV mass and volume (both P <0.01 versus shams). The placebo MI group also exhibited increased non-infarct zone collagen content ( P <0.01), ANP ( P <0.01) and collagen type 1 ( P <0.01) gene expression, with a non-significant rise in AT(1a) receptor gene expression. Neither losartan or enalapril prevented LV dilation or improved fractional shortening. Both similarly lowered systolic blood pressure ( P <0.01 for each versus placebo). Losartan and enalapril inhibited LV hypertrophy ( P <0.01), and decreased ANP ( P <0.01) and collagen type 1 gene expression ( P <0.05). Levels of AT(1a) receptor gene expression were higher than shams ( P <0.05 for both), but similar to placebo. AT(1b) receptor gene expression was much lower than that for AT(1a) receptor and similar in all groups. Thus, in this model, AT(1) receptor antagonism and ACE inhibition have equivalent inhibitory effects on myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. These results serve as an important basis for planned investigations to evaluate the anti-remodelling effects of these agents on mice in which genetic manipulations are used to disrupt components of the Ang II signalling system.
|
['Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Animals', 'Collagen', 'Enalapril', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hemodynamics', 'Losartan', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Receptors, Angiotensin', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Ultrasonography', 'Ventricular Remodeling']
| 12,546,633
|
[['D27.505.519.162'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['B01.050'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D12.644.456.345.360'], ['G05.308'], ['G09.330.380'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185.475', 'D03.383.129.308.507', 'D03.383.129.617.467'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.047', 'D12.776.543.750.750.130'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['C23.300.985', 'G09.330.955.975']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The nutritional composition of British bread: London area study.
|
Samples of white and brown bread, both sliced and unsliced, and of wheatgerm breads and wholemeal bread were purchased in London and analysed for a wide range of nutrients. Available carbohydrate, dietary fibre, fatty acids, riboflavin, vitamin B6, and iodine were determined in bulked samples of each type of bread and, in addition, every loaf was analysed for moisture, fat, protein, phosphorus, chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, thiamin, nicotinic acid, and free and total folic acid, in order to provide an estimate the variability within each kind of bread. Virtually all the constituents that were measured in the individual loaves showed inter-loaf variation--particularly moisture contents and the levels of calcium, copper and folic acid. Unsliced loaves were more variable than sliced loaves but when expressed on a dry matter basis there were no significant differences in the nutrient levels in sliced and unsliced breads. Wheatgerm breads were relatively more homogenous products but wholemeal loaves were very unhomogenous reflecting the difficulty of accurately identifying unwrapped wholemeal loaves in retail outlets. Some differences from previously published values for all breads were found for dietary fibre, iron, thiamin and vitamin B6. Experience of sampling at retail outlets and analysis provided by this study will be integrated into the design of a planned study of breads throughout Britain.
|
['Bread', 'Dietary Fiber', 'Fatty Acids', 'Iron', 'London', 'Magnesium', 'Nutritive Value', 'Pyridoxine', 'Thiamine']
| 6,319,336
|
[['G07.203.300.100', 'J02.500.100'], ['D09.301.416', 'G07.203.300.400', 'J02.500.400'], ['D10.251'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['Z01.433.553', 'Z01.542.363.300.553'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['G07.203.650.660', 'J01.576.423.850.730.750', 'N06.850.601.750'], ['D03.383.725.676.925.875'], ['D02.886.675.900', 'D03.383.129.708.900', 'D03.383.742.795']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
'Surgical skills box': a new training aid for surgical trainees.
|
INTRODUCTION: Surgical trainees now receive less operating experience with the reduction in junior doctor hours.DESIGN: We designed a simple, portable, versatile 'surgical skills box' which allowed surgical trainees to practise vascular anastomosis, suturing, tonsil ties, hand ties and grommet insertion.DISCUSSION: With surgical trainees now receiving reduced operating experience it is more important than ever for them to practise their surgical skills outside the operating theatre environment.
|
['Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Education, Medical, Graduate', 'Equipment Design', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Middle Ear Ventilation', 'Otolaryngology', 'Palatine Tonsil', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative', 'Suture Techniques']
| 16,480,549
|
[['E04.035'], ['I02.358.337.350', 'I02.358.399.350'], ['E05.320'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.579.592', 'E04.580.450.472'], ['H02.403.810.526'], ['A04.623.603.925', 'A10.549.580', 'A14.724.603.925', 'A15.382.520.604.580'], ['E04'], ['E04.987.775']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biochemical effect and kinetics of thrombin inhibition by GYKI-14766.
|
The tripeptide aldehyde GYKI-14766 (D-MePhe-Pro-Arg-H) synthesized by Bajusz et al. in 1975 is a specific, reversible thrombin inhibitor. It was found effective in vitro in clotting time assays as well as in vivo in thrombosis models. To study the biochemical effects of the inhibitor various experimental setups were applied. First we measured the binding of thrombin to platelets using 125J-thrombin. KD was 55 nM. Second, 125J-thrombin was displaced by thrombin or by a GYKI-14766-thrombin-complex with similar efficacy. However, the binding of thrombin to the platelets increased the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration, but the inhibitor-thrombin complex did not influence it. Analyzing the kinetics of the reactions involved we found that the formation of the GYKI-14766-thrombin complex was slower than the triggering of the platelet Ca2+ signal by thrombin.
|
['Animals', 'Antithrombins', 'Blood Platelets', 'Calcium', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Indoles', 'Kinetics', 'Oligopeptides', 'Protein Binding', 'Rabbits', 'Thrombin']
| 7,976,393
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800.449', 'D27.505.954.502.119.500'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.644.456'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.855', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.855', 'D12.776.124.125.890', 'D23.119.960']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of sodium chloride on a lipid bilayer.
|
Electrostatic interactions govern structural and dynamical properties of membranes and can vary considerably with the composition of the aqueous buffer. We studied the influence of sodium chloride on a pure POPC lipid bilayer by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Increasing sodium chloride concentration was found to decrease the self-diffusion of POPC lipids within the bilayer. Self-diffusion coefficients calculated from the 100 ns simulations agree with those measured on a millisecond timescale, suggesting that most of the relaxation processes relevant for lipid diffusion are faster than the simulation timescale. As the dominant effect, the molecular dynamics simulations revealed a tight binding of sodium ions to the carbonyl oxygens of on average three lipids leading to larger complexes with reduced mobility. Additionally, the bilayer thickens by approximately 2 A, which increases the order parameter of the fatty acyl chains. Sodium binding alters the electrostatic potential, which is largely compensated by a changed polarization of the aqueous medium and a lipid dipole reorientation.
|
['Biophysical Phenomena', 'Biophysics', 'Calorimetry', 'Carbon', 'Chlorine', 'Computer Simulation', 'Diffusion', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Fatty Acids', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Lipids', 'Models, Chemical', 'Models, Statistical', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Static Electricity', 'Time Factors']
| 12,944,279
|
[['G01.154'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['E05.196.131'], ['D01.268.150'], ['D01.268.380.150', 'D01.362.225'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D10.251'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['D10'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G01.358.500.249.820'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Variable expression in ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip and palate syndrome.
|
The ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip and palate (Hay-Wells) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant form of congenital ectodermal dysplasia. It is characterized by coarse, wiry, sparse hair; dystrophic nails; slight hypohidrosis; scalp infections; ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum; hypodontia; maxillary hypoplasia; and cleft lip and palate. To date, 12 patients have been reported; however, the diagnosis has been questioned in 3 of these patients. We report 2 additional patients, one of whom has nasal speech but not cleft palate, in contrast to all other reported patients. This entity must be distinguished from numerous other forms of ectodermal dysplasia, especially those forms that can be associated with oral clefts and/or ankyloblepharon.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cleft Lip', 'Cleft Palate', 'Ectodermal Dysplasia', 'Eyelids', 'Female', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Hair', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Syndrome']
| 3,605,196
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C07.465.409.225', 'C07.465.525.164', 'C07.650.525.164', 'C16.131.850.525.164'], ['C05.500.460.185', 'C05.660.207.540.460.185', 'C07.320.440.185', 'C07.465.525.185', 'C07.650.500.460.185', 'C07.650.525.185', 'C16.131.621.207.540.460.185', 'C16.131.850.500.460.185', 'C16.131.850.525.185'], ['C16.131.077.350', 'C16.131.831.350', 'C16.320.850.250', 'C17.800.804.350', 'C17.800.827.250'], ['A01.456.505.420.504', 'A09.371.337'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['A17.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Physical Activity after Cardiac EventS (PACES) - a group education programme with subsequent text-message support designed to increase physical activity in individuals with diagnosed coronary heart disease: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) represents approximately 13% of deaths worldwide and is the leading cause of death in the UK with considerable associated health care costs. After a CHD event, timely cardiac rehabilitation optimises patient outcomes. However, a high percentage of these services do not meet necessary performance indicators such as course length and follow-up attendance. Uptake of such services is only 50% in UK patients and support provided 12 months after an event is often limited. To delay and prevent further CHD events leading to hospitalisation, supplementary self-management strategies such as group education, are necessary.METHODS: This is a single-centre, randomised controlled trial (RCT) recruiting participants (n = 290) aged ?18 years who are 12 to 48 months post diagnosis of a CHD-related cardiac event (myocardial infarction, angina and any other acute coronary syndrome). The study aims to implement a structured education programme, with text-message support over 12 months, and identify whether delivery of the programme, to individuals who have a history of a cardiac event, would be an effective and cost-effective strategy for increasing walking. The primary outcome, objectively measured average daily physical activity, specifically step count through walking activity, is assessed using the wrist-worn GENEActiv accelerometer at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes at 12 months include cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking status, blood pressure, lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), obesity, self-efficacy, quality of life, physical activity and physical function. Participants are randomised to either the control group receiving standard care and a physical activity information leaflet, or the intervention group whose partcipants receive the leaflet and are invited to attend two group-based structured education sessions. These encourage participants to adopt and maintain healthy behaviours and self-manage their lifestyle. They are delivered approximately 2 weeks apart by trained facilitators and reinforced via subsequent text-message support.DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first trial designed to assess the effectiveness of a group education programme 12 to 48 months after a CHD event diagnosis. If successful, the PACES programme could be translated into effective post-operative cardiac care and complement the current post-operative services available.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN, ID: ISRCTN91163727 . The trial was registered on 27 February 2017.
|
['Cardiac Rehabilitation', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'England', 'Exercise', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Group Processes', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Protective Factors', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Risk Factors', 'Risk Reduction Behavior', 'Self Care', 'Text Messaging', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Walking']
| 30,286,797
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.185', 'E02.831.185', 'H02.403.680.600.250', 'N02.421.784.244'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['F01.829.316'], ['F01.145.488'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.582', 'N05.715.350.200.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.570', 'N06.850.490.625.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.582'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.699'], ['E02.900', 'I03.050.563', 'N02.421.784.680'], ['L01.178.847.698.300.500', 'L01.559.423.906.377.666'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Measurement of surface-mediated Ca2+ transients on the single-cell level in a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip environment.
|
Understanding the dynamics of signal transduction processes that are induced by cell-cell or cell-surface interactions requires the physical stimulation of the cells of interest on a single-cell level and without any ill-defined contacting of their cell membrane. However, standard cell culture techniques are inapplicable for this task as they do not provide cell and particle handling at sufficiently high spatial and temporal resolution and are limited to ensemble measurements. Here, we present a novel process line for the individual stimulation of single cells with bioactive surfaces, like other cells or particles, and the simultaneous analysis of the induced cytosolic calcium signals. The method is based on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip environment that allows for contactless cell and particle handling by dielectrophoretic forces.
|
['Calcium', 'Cell Communication', 'Cytosol', 'Electrophoresis, Microchip', 'Humans', 'Hydrodynamics', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Signal Transduction', 'Single-Cell Analysis']
| 25,563,189
|
[['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.085'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['E05.196.401.190.500', 'E05.588.465.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.342'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['E05.588.465'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['E05.242.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Polymyositis associated with Ki-1 lymphoma.
|
We report here a case of acute polymyositis associated with a Ki-1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). This anaplastic large cell malignant lymphoma was a primary T-cell NHL lymphoma of the bone marrow. The malignant cells expressed the CD30 (Ki-1), CD3, and CD4 antigens, the beta chain of the interleukin 2 receptor (CD25), and the betaF1 antigen (alpha/beta T-cell receptor). Chemotherapy and high dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy were initiated. However, no clinical improvement was noticed, because the patient rapidly died of an acute respiratory distress syndrome. To our best knowledge, this represents the first case of Ki-1 lymphoma associated with Polymyositis.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Bone Marrow', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic', 'Lymphoma, T-Cell', 'Male', 'Polymyositis']
| 7,773,158
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A15.382.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['C04.557.386.480.750.399', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750.600', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750.399'], ['C04.557.386.480.750', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750'], ['C05.651.594.819', 'C10.668.491.562.575']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Functional and structural behavior of the cardiovascular system of normotonic and spontaneously hypertensive rats following chemical sympathectomy and angiotensin administration].
|
The non-cleared influences of the sympathetic nervous system [sN] on structural reactions of SHR and on the direct cardiac effects of AII and the structural vascular behavior were investigated. In 67 spontaneously hypertensive rats (Okamoto-Aoki) and 55 normotonic Wistar rats (NR) the blood pressure behaviour, the structural vascular and organ reactions and the noradrenaline (NA) content of the myocardium were examined with an intact sympathetic nervous system as well as after its almost complete elimination by chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxy-dopamine (6-OH-DA). Moreover, the functional and structural responsiveness of the arterial vessels of sympathectomized animals to angiotensin II administrations was investigated. 6-OH-DA in the dosage applied, induces during its time of action in NR a smaller, in SHR a larger decrease of blood pressure and, presumably induced by intense NA-depletion of the myocardium, myocardial alterations. Despite extensive AII-induced alterations of the already early hypertrophically-hyperplastically changed vascular wall, the structural and functional responsiveness of the arterial vascular system was maintained even after sympathectomy, and the sensitivity of the SHR to AII remained. For maintaining hypertension, the cooperation of structural and functional influences is necessary, as is indicated by the reduction of blood pressure in sympathectomized SHR and its regular return to the daily initial values of normotonic animals under additional AII administration. Besides the vascular alterations contributing to the exacerbation of the hypertension, here the sNS is of essential importance. For obtaining a total pressure effect of AII the sNS obviously has not necessarily to be intact, though its activity state can influence the responsiveness of the arterial vascular system to AII. The reduction of the sympathicotonus by sympathectomy seems to have a protective effect on the development of AII-induced structural vascular alterations; in contrast to the myocardium in SHR, in which it induces an exacerbation and an increase in the AII-induced myocardial alteration. These findings obtained from rats are supposed to be important also for the essential hypertension in man. By maintaining the functional responsiveness of the arterial vascular system, antihypertensives which react with the different parts of the sNS cab become effective while structural alterations of the vascular wall can be influenced, too. The possibility of the simultaneous development of myocardial alterations should be taken into special consideration.
|
['Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Blood Circulation', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Hydroxydopamines', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Myocardium', 'Oxidopamine', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sympathectomy, Chemical']
| 6,808,796
|
[['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G09.330.100'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['D02.092.311.342.478', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342.478'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D02.092.311.342.478.650', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342.478.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E04.525.210.105.800.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Primary hyperparathyroidism: changes in trabecular bone remodeling following surgical treatment--evaluated by histomorphometric methods.
|
Iliac bone biopsies from 11 patients who underwent successful surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism were examined before and median 7 months after surgical treatment. Trabecular bone volume increased (p less than 0.05) and eroded (p less than 0.005) and osteoid covered surfaces decreased (p less than 0.005) in the postoperative period. Also, a decline in tetracycline labeled surfaces was noticed (p less than 0.02). Osteoid thickness, mineral appositional rate and mineralization lag time were unchanged. Bone formation rate at the level of the basic multicellular unit (BMU) was unaffected, but at the tissue level bone formation rate diminished (p less than 0.02). The surgical cure of primary hyperparathyroidism was found accompanied by a change in bone metabolism as the trabecular bone remodeling decreased from a high turnover to a low turnover state. The spongy bone mass increased after parathyroidectomy but the clinical significance of this finding was not clear.
|
['Aged', 'Bone Regeneration', 'Bone and Bones', 'Female', 'Histological Techniques', 'Humans', 'Hyperparathyroidism', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Time Factors']
| 2,192,751
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G11.427.213.140', 'G16.762.150.150'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['E01.370.225.750', 'E05.200.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.642.355'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pure-tone threshold description of an elderly French screened population.
|
OBJECTIVES: To describe the distribution of pure-tone hearing thresholds of a Caucasian population living in the south of France aged 70 years and older. To establish age- and sex-adjusted normative hearing thresholds based on results of subjects free of noise and ototoxic drug exposure and to compare them with hearing thresholds of exposed (E) subjects.DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal epidemiologic cohort study.SETTING: Montpellier suburb, south of France.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 778 subjects 70 years old and older were examined. Noise exposure, ototoxic medication use, and medical history were collected. Hearing thresholds were obtained via pure-tone audiometry. After excluding patients with ear-related disease, 659 subjects were further analyzed (270 men and 389 women). Noise or ototoxic medication exposure was found in 364 subjects (E subjects), whereas 295 had no exposure (nonexposed [NE] subjects).METHODS: Median pure-tone thresholds, lower deviation, and upper deviation were calculated for the NE subjects with a statistical method similar to the ISO 7029 norm and were compared with thresholds of E subjects.RESULTS: Hearing thresholds, especially in high frequencies, increased with age more for women than for men. Median thresholds of E subjects were significantly higher than those for the NE sample in men.CONCLUSION: Age- and sex-adjusted hearing thresholds could well be useful in the study of the impact of environmental and genetic factors on hearing loss in the elderly. The next step would be to quantify the impact of noise, ototoxic drug exposure, and genetics using these age- and sex-adjusted thresholds.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Audiometry, Pure-Tone', 'Auditory Threshold', 'Cohort Studies', 'Ear', 'Female', 'France', 'Hearing Loss', 'Hearing Loss, Conductive', 'Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural', 'Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Noise', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors']
| 18,520,580
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.055'], ['F02.463.593.071.173', 'F02.463.593.710.190', 'G07.888.125.173'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['A01.456.313', 'A09.246'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['C09.218.458.341', 'C10.597.751.418.341', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341'], ['C09.218.458.341.562', 'C10.597.751.418.341.562', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.562'], ['C09.218.458.341.849', 'C10.597.751.418.341.849', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.849'], ['C09.218.458.341.887.460', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887.460', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887.460'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['G01.750.770.776.567', 'G16.500.275.600', 'N06.230.400', 'N06.850.460.610'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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The relationship between peripheral blood mononuclear cells telomere length and diet - unexpected effect of red meat.
|
BACKGROUND: Repeated nucleotide sequences combined with proteins called telomeres cover chromosome ends and dictate cells lifespan. Many factors can modify telomere length, among them are: nutrition and smoking habits, physical activities and socioeconomic status measured by education level. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of above mentioned factors on peripheral blood mononuclear cells telomere length.METHODS: Study included 28 subjects (seven male and 21 female, age 18-65 years.), smokers and non-smokers without any serious health problems in past and present. Following a basic medical examination, patients completed the food frequency questionnaire with 17 foods and beverages most common groups and gave blood for testing. PBMC telomere length were measured with qualitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (rtPCR) method and expressed as a T/S ratio.RESULTS: Among nine food types (cereal, fruits, vegetables, diary, red meat, poultry, fish, sweets and salty snacks) and eight beverages (juices, coffee, tea, mineral water, alcoholic- and sweetened carbonated beverages) only intake of red meat was related to T/S ratio. Individuals with increased consumption of red meat have had higher T/S ratio and the strongest significant differences were observed between consumer groups: "never" and "1-2 daily" (p = 0.02). Smoking habits, physical activity, LDL and HDL concentrations, and education level were not related to telomere length, directly or as a covariates.CONCLUSIONS: Unexpected correlation of telomere length with the frequency of consumption of red meat indicates the need for further in-depth research and may undermine some accepted concepts of adverse effects of this diet on the health status and life longevity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Beverages', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Dairy Products', 'Diet', 'Edible Grain', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Red Meat', 'Smoking', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Telomere', 'Vegetables', 'Young Adult']
| 27,418,163
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.203.100', 'J02.200'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.300.350', 'J02.500.350'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A18.024.500.750.500', 'B01.650.160.250', 'B01.650.510.250', 'G07.203.300.300.550', 'G07.203.300.775.500', 'J02.500.300.550', 'J02.500.775.500'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G07.203.300.600.813', 'J02.500.600.813'], ['F01.145.805'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Differences between contrast media in the inhibition of platelet activation by specific platelet agonists.
|
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors evaluated the ability of three x-ray contrast agents--a nonionic monomeric agent (iohexol), a nonionic dimeric agent (iodixanol), and an ionic dimeric agent (ioxaglate)--to either directly activate platelets or inhibit a platelet agonist from activating platelets.METHODS: Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to detect the effect of contrast media on platelet activation. In this method, the platelet is first exposed to a fluorescent probe, which is de-esterified and trapped to Fluo-3 within the platelet. In the presence of calcium, the fluorescence emission from Fluo-3 is increased 80-fold. Thus, the increase in the free platelet calcium associated with platelet activation can be used to indicate platelet activation.RESULTS: None of the agents were shown to directly activate platelets. However, wide differences in the ability of contrast media to inhibit platelet activation by a specific agonist were observed. Activation of platelets by epinephrine or arachidonic acid was not affected by any of the three contrast media studied. All three agents partially inhibited collagen activation of platelets, with ioxaglate the more potent inhibitor. Ioxaglate was the only agent to inhibit thrombin activation of platelets. Inhibition of adenosine diphosphate platelet activation was more extensive with ioxaglate than with iodixanol; iohexol produced no inhibition at all.CONCLUSION: Direct activation of platelets by contrast media was not observed. Of greater importance is the finding that ionic contrast media, but not nonionic contrast media, inhibit thrombin activation of platelets by binding to the anion-binding exosite I, thus preventing thrombin from binding to and activating the platelet.
|
['Arachidonic Acid', 'Blood Platelets', 'Calcium', 'Collagen', 'Contrast Media', 'Epinephrine', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Iohexol', 'Ioxaglic Acid', 'Platelet Activation', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Thrombin', 'Triiodobenzoic Acids']
| 9,061,083
|
[['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.241.223.100.400.880.400', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880.400'], ['D02.241.223.100.400.880.450', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880.450'], ['G09.188.390.600'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.855', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.855', 'D12.776.124.125.890', 'D23.119.960'], ['D02.241.223.100.400.880', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
On theoretical principles of constitution typology.
|
Constitution typology is thought of as a classification that is based on a few fundamental properties of the organism. These properties steadily distinguish individuals and permit the prediction of manifold secondary (external) features of types. At the transition from one constitutional type to another, concordant changes of trait values are determined by the respective changes of general causal factors. Theoretically, external constitution typology should be constructed on the basis of trait concordant "dynamics" under the change of fundamental factors at the individual level. Therefore, it does not depend on statistical relations characterizing population level. Causal factors and their influences on traits are impossible to be correctly and uniquely determined on the basis of population statistics relations. Causal factors do not coincide with the statistical ones of multivariate biometric analysis; equally, trait regression dependencies on statistical factors do not coincide with the causal influences.
|
['Biometry', 'Body Constitution', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Somatotypes']
| 16,079,602
|
[['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['E01.370.600.115', 'G07.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E01.370.600.115.800', 'G07.100.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Microsolvation of aminoethanol: a study using DFT combined with QTAIM.
|
The microsolvation of aminoethanol (AE) with one, two, three or four water molecules was investigated using a density functional theory (DFT) approach. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses were employed to elucidate the hydrogen-bonding characteristics of AE-(H(2)O)( n ) (n = 1-4) complexes. The results showed that AE tends to break its intramolecular OH(AE)···N(AE) hydrogen bond (H-bond) upon microsolvation and form intermolecular H-bonds with water molecules, while complexes that retain the intramolecular OH(AE)···N(AE) H-bond show reduced stabilities. The intermolecular H-bond that forms between the nitrogen atom of AE and the hydroxyl of a water molecule is the strongest one for the most stable AE-(H(2)O)( n ) (n = 1-4) complexes, and as n increases from 1 to 4 they grow stronger. The partial covalent character of this H-bond was confirmed by QTAIM analyses. Many-body interaction analysis showed that the relaxation energies and two- and three-body energies make significant contributions to the binding energies of the complexes.
|
['Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Ethanolamines', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Models, Molecular', 'Quantum Theory', 'Water']
| 21,287,213
|
[['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['D02.033.100.291', 'D02.033.375.291', 'D02.092.063.291'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.599.595'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Performance evaluation of laser-induced breakdown spectrometry as a multimetal continuous emission monitor.
|
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been evaluated as a multimetal continuous emissions monitor (CEM) at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rotary kiln incinerator simulator (RKIS) facility in Raleigh, NC. Two detection systems with a bifurcated optical fiber bundle were used for simultaneously monitoring the concentrations of Be, Cd, Cr, and Hg in the test. Two calibration techniques were evaluated in the laboratory for the field measurements. On-line calibration of relative metal concentration was also performed in the simulated incinerator gas stream. Toxic metal concentrations measured with LIBS have been compared with the EPA reference method (RM) results.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Calibration', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Incineration', 'Lasers', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Reference Values', 'Spectrophotometry']
| 11,355,455
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['E05.978.155'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['N06.850.860.510.900.600.500'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Heparin-bonded cardiopulmonary bypass circuits reduce bleeding and transfusion requirements in proximal aortic surgery.
|
BACKGROUND: Methods to improve hemostasis in aortic surgery continue to evolve. Use of heparin-bonded cardiopulmonary bypass circuits (HBC) has been shown previously to effectively reduce bleeding and improve outcomes in coronary and valve operations.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of HBC on bleeding and transfusion requirements in proximal aortic surgery.METHODS: Data on 140 consecutive patients undergoing 144 operations of the proximal aorta were collected. Between July 1987 and July 1994, conventional cardiopulmonary bypass circuits (CONV) were used (n = 53). In July 1994, we switched to "tip-to-tip" HBC (n = 91). This study compared clinical outcomes and transfusion requirements between these two groups.RESULTS: Indications for surgery, baseline characteristics, and operative profile of the study groups were similar. Overall operative mortality and reoperation for bleeding were 9% and 13%, respectively. Compared with CONV, use of HBC was associated with decreased mortality (3% vs 18%, p = 0.004), reoperation for bleeding (7% vs 24%, p = 0.005), and hospital length of hospital stay (10 +/- 11 vs 20 +/- 30 days, p = 0.002). Although the incidence of allogeneic blood transfusion was similar (HBC 75% vs CONV 87%, p = 0.12), the magnitude of blood products utilization was much lower in the HBC group (total blood products per patient: 24 +/- 29 vs 49 +/- 47 donor units, p = 0.0002). In the multivariate analyses, use of HBC was identified as an independent predictor of reduced mortality, morbidity, and reduced magnitude of allogeneic blood transfusions.CONCLUSION: Use of HBC in proximal aortic surgery resulted in reduced bleeding and blood transfusion, improving clinical outcomes. Undoubtedly, multiple factors account for the overall improved results. However, use of HBC is an important component of an overall blood conservation strategy.
|
['Aneurysm, Dissecting', 'Aortic Aneurysm', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Hemostasis, Surgical', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,758,057
|
[['C14.907.055.050'], ['C14.907.055.239', 'C14.907.109.139'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['E02.095.135'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['E04.292.413'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E02.520.490', 'E04.350'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
MLAOS: a multi-point linear array of optical sensors for coniferous foliage clumping index measurement.
|
The canopy foliage clumping effect is primarily caused by the non-random distribution of canopy foliage. Currently, measurements of clumping index (CI) by handheld instruments is typically time- and labor-intensive. We propose a low-cost and low-power automatic measurement system called Multi-point Linear Array of Optical Sensors (MLAOS), which consists of three above-canopy and nine below-canopy optical sensors that capture plant transmittance at different times of the day. Data communication between the MLAOS node is facilitated by using a ZigBee network, and the data are transmitted from the field MLAOS to a remote data server using the Internet. The choice of the electronic element and design of the MLAOS software is aimed at reducing costs and power consumption. A power consumption test showed that, when a 4000 mAH Li-ion battery is used, a maximum of 8-10 months of work can be achieved. A field experiment on a coniferous forest revealed that the CI of MLAOS may reveal a clumping effect that occurs within the canopy. In further work, measurement of the multi-scale clumping effect can be achieved by utilizing a greater number of MLAOS devices to capture the heterogeneity of the plant canopy.
|
['Agriculture', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Forests', 'Optical Devices', 'Photometry', 'Tracheophyta', 'Transducers']
| 24,859,029
|
[['J01.040'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['G16.500.275.157.437', 'N06.230.124.343'], ['E07.632'], ['E05.196.712'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912'], ['E07.305.812']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The role of the attention focus in the visual information processing underlying saccadic adaptation.
|
Three experiments were performed to determine how an error signal for driving saccadic adaptation is derived from visual information processing. The first experiment demonstrated that an intrasaccadic displacement of a visual background does not influence saccadic adaptation when a small foveal target is used. The second experiment showed that when a different type of target, a 4.8 deg annulus, is used an intrasaccadic background shift influences the adaptive process. The third experiment showed that the size of the saccade target determines the size of the attention focus around the time of a saccade. These findings suggest that the attention focus selects the visual information used for a trans-saccadic comparison in order to generate the error signal.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Attention', 'Humans', 'Oculomotor Muscles', 'Saccades', 'Visual Perception']
| 10,738,071
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.567.700'], ['G14.350.500'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Regulation of editing and expression of glutamate alpha-amino-propionic-acid (AMPA)/kainate receptors by antidepressant drugs.
|
BACKGROUND: Several reports have shown that the glutamatergic system is involved in both the pathogenesis of affective and stress-related disorders and in the action of antidepressant drugs. In particular, antidepressant treatment was shown to modulate expression and function of ionotropic glutamate receptors, to inhibit glutamate release and to restore synaptic plasticity impaired by stress.METHODS: We analyzed the mRNA expression and RNA editing of alpha-amino-propionic-acid (AMPA) and kainate (KA) receptor subunits, in the pre-frontal/frontal cortex (P/FC) and hippocampus (HI) of rats chronically treated with three different drugs: the selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, the selective noradrenaline (NA) reuptake inhibitor reboxetine and the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine.RESULTS: Our data showed that fluoxetine and desipramine exerted moderate but selective effects on glutamate receptor expression and editing, while reboxetine appeared to be the drug that affects glutamate receptors (GluR) most. The most consistent effect, observed with pronoradrenergic drugs (desipramine and reboxetine), was a decrease of GluR3 expression both in P/FC and HI. Interestingly, in HI, the same drugs also decreased the editing levels of either the flip (desipramine) or flop (reboxetine) form of GluR3.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these results point to specific and regionally discrete changes in the expression and editing level of glutamate receptors and, in particular, to a selective reduction of conductance for GluR3-containing receptors following treatment with antidepressant drugs. These data support the hypothesis that changes in glutamate neurotransmission are involved in the therapeutic effects induced by these drugs.
|
['Animals', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Brain', 'Gene Expression', 'Male', 'RNA Editing', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, AMPA', 'Receptors, Kainic Acid', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 16,460,696
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G05.297'], ['G02.111.760.250', 'G03.839.250', 'G05.308.700.250'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.200'], ['E05.393.620.500.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of lactose concentration of milk and yogurt on growth rate of rats.
|
Growth rates of rats fed lyophilized diets of yogurt, milk, 100% lactose-hydrolyzed milk, and 100% lactose-hydrolyzed yogurt were compared. No differences were significant in weight gains between the animals fed lactose-hydrolyzed diets over 3 wk. Further more, rats fed the lactose-hydrolyzed diets had significantly larger weight gains during the 1st wk than those fed unhydrolyzed diets. This may have been from the deleterious effect of lactose, which was in concentrations of 43% in milk and 36% in yogurt. However, by the 2nd wk, rats fed yogurt had growth rates similar to those fed lactose-hydrolyzed diets, and by the 3rd wk, no differences of growth rates were significant. Continued consumption of high concentrations of lactose improved digestion of lactose. Yogurt fermentation produced growth benefit as compared to the milk from which it was made by reducing the lactose content and by supplying microbial lactase activity.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Dairy Products', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Food Microbiology', 'Freeze Drying', 'Lactobacillus', 'Lactose', 'Male', 'Milk', 'Rats', 'Streptococcus', 'Yogurt']
| 6,841,746
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G07.203.300.350', 'J02.500.350'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260', 'E02.792.156.260', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260', 'E05.760.156.260'], ['B03.353.750.450.475', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475', 'B03.510.550.450.475'], ['D09.698.629.305.340', 'D09.947.750.340'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872'], ['G07.203.200.500.888', 'G07.203.300.350.300.888', 'J02.350.500.888', 'J02.500.350.300.888']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Negative thyroid hormone control of human growth hormone gene expression is mediated by 3'-untranslated/3'-flanking DNA.
|
The intact human growth hormone (hGH) gene is negatively regulated by triiodothyronine (T3) treatment in transfected rat pituitary tumor cells. We now demonstrate that this responsiveness is mediated by a negative thyroid hormone response element (nTRE) localized to the proximal 3'-untranslated/3'-flanking region (3'-UT/FR). This region binds thyroid hormone receptors specifically and with high affinity. nTRE function was promoter-dependent, since it suppressed the activity of a positive TRE in the human chorionic somatomammotropin promoter, partially repressed activity of the herpes simplex virus TK promoter, but did not function with the human actin or Rous sarcoma virus promoters. T3 treatment did not alter transcript termination sites nor selectively affect the stability of transcripts containing the hGH 3'-UT/FR when transcription was blocked by actinomycin D treatment. The function of the nTRE depended on its location in the 3'-UT/FR; it was inactive when positioned down-stream of the simian virus 40 (SV40) 3'-UT/FR, and it acted as a positive TRE when placed upstream of the hGH promoter. These results demonstrate a novel localization of a TRE with unique properties which suggests expanded mechanisms by which thyroid hormone receptors can affect gene expression.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase', 'DNA', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Plasmids', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Thyroid Hormone', 'Thymidine Kinase', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transfection', 'Triiodothyronine', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 1,634,542
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.170'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.624.664.700.830', 'D12.776.826.850'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.750'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of body weight on sexual function and quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
|
PURPOSE: To assess sexual function (SF) and quality of life (QOL) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess 56 women with PCOS and 102 control women with regular menstrual cycles. To assess SF and QOL in Brazilian women with PCOS with Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the WHOQOL-bref questionnaires.RESULTS: Women with PCOS had a worse evaluation to arousal, lubrication, satisfaction, pain and total FSFI, and there was no difference in sexual desire and orgasm. Besides, they had a worse evaluation concerning health status than controls. The body mass index was inversely correlated to the QOL, especially to the physical, psychological, environment aspects and self-assessment of QOL, but it did not show correlation to the SF.CONCLUSION: Women with PCOS had a worse sexual function and self-assessment of health condition in comparison to controls. The body weight as isolated symptom was correlated to the worsening in quality of life, but not with the worsening of sexual function.
|
['Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Body Weight', 'Brazil', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Orgasm', 'Pain', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', 'Quality of Life', 'Self-Assessment', 'Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 25,138,126
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.460'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['F01.145.677'], ['C04.182.612.765', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580.765', 'C19.391.630.580.765'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['F01.752.747.792.537'], ['C12.294.644', 'C13.351.500.665'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Investigating spatio-temporal similarities in the epidemiology of childhood leukaemia and diabetes.
|
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and Type 1 diabetes (T1D) share some common epidemiological features, including rising incidence rates and links with an infectious aetiology. Previous work has shown a significant positive correlation in incidence between the two conditions both at the international and small-area level. The aim was to extend the methodology by including shared spatial and temporal trends using a more extensive dataset among individuals diagnosed with ALL and T1D in Yorkshire (UK) aged 0-14 years from 1978-2003. Cases with ALL and T1D were ascertained from 2 high quality population-based disease registers covering the Yorkshire region of the UK and linked to an electoral ward from the 1991 UK census. A Bayesian model was fitted where similarities and differences in risk profiles of the two diseases were captured by the shared and disease-specific components using a shared-component model, with space-time interactions. The extended model revealed a positive correlation of at least 0.70 between diseases across all time periods, and an increasing risk across time for both diseases, which was more evident for T1D. Furthermore, both diseases exhibited lower rates in the more urban county of West Yorkshire and higher rates in the more rural northern and eastern part of the region. A differential effect of T1D over ALL was found in the south-eastern part of the region, which had a more pronounced association with population mixing than with population density or deprivation. Our approach has demonstrated the utility in modelling temporally and spatially varying disease incidence patterns across small geographical areas. The findings suggest searching for environmental factors that exhibit similar geographical-temporal variation in prevalence may help in the development and testing of plausible aetiological hypotheses. Furthermore, identifying environmental exposures specific to the south-eastern part of the region, especially locally varying risk factors which may differentially affect the development of T1D and ALL, may also be fruitful.
|
['Adolescent', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Demography', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Epidemiologic Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Pediatrics', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'United Kingdom']
| 19,784,553
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['E05.318.372.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.599'], ['H02.403.670'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dynamic auditory localization: systematic replication of the auditory velocity function.
|
Two experiments explored the capability of normal-hearing adults to judge the apparent velocity of an unseen moving sound source. In exper. I, 9 naive and, 1 experienced S judged the velocity of a moving source emitting a .5-kc/s tone at 50 db SPL. S's head was in the center of a circle of 1.88-m radius swept by a small loudspeaker. In exper. II the sound was a low-pass-filtered (0.1-1 kc/s) noise at 50 db sound spectrum level. In both experiments perceived velocity was directly proportional to the actual velocity of the source. These results support out initial observations (Waugh et al, J. Aud. Res., 1979, 19, 103-1 10) that auditory velocity discrimination can be described as a power function with an exponent of 1.0. In exper. II the Ss also varied the sound source velocity by means of a variable resistor to produce a perceived velocity of 100 degrees/sec. Performance on the adaptive velocity production task was successfully predicted from the data of the absolute velocity judgment task. The Weber fraction was .052 for relatively fast-moving sound sources (100 degrees/sec). The ability to discriminate sound source velocity appears to be a well-defined feature of the dynamic binaural spatial system.
|
['Audiometry', 'Auditory Perception', 'Humans', 'Judgment', 'Sound Localization', 'Time Factors']
| 262,464
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cross-protection studies with Pasteurella multocida bacterins prepared from bacteria propagated in iron-depleted medium.
|
Strains X-73 (serotype 1) and P-1059 (serotype 3) of Pasteurella multocida, avian origin, expressed additional membrane proteins (MPs) when grown in brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth containing the iron chelator dipyridyl and when grown in BHI broth treated with the iron chelator Chelex 100. These additional MPs were not detected when both strains were grown in BHI broth. Chickens and turkeys were vaccinated twice with inactivated oil-emulsion vaccines containing bacterial cells expressing these MPs or with vaccines containing bacterial cells grown in BHI broth. Two weeks after the final vaccination, all birds were challenged to determine whether bacterins made from P. multocida that had been propagated in conditions of iron deprivation would induce heterologous serotype immunity. The bacterins produced in medium low in iron did not consistently induce significant protection against heterologous challenge.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacterial Vaccines', 'Chickens', 'Culture Media', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Iron', 'Pasteurella Infections', 'Pasteurella multocida', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Turkeys', 'Vaccines, Inactivated']
| 8,141,736
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D20.215.894.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['C01.150.252.400.700.662'], ['B03.440.450.600.600.500', 'B03.660.250.550.590.500'], ['C22.131.728'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.800', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.800'], ['D20.215.894.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparison of two mechanisms of severe paediatric injury in northern Israel.
|
BACKGROUND: An increased incidence of severe injury due to falls from buildings (FFB) is reported in the rural area of northern Israel. This makes FFB, and motor vehicle collision (MVC) the two leading causes of severe paediatric trauma.METHODS: A single-centre, age-sex matched comparison analysis of the two mechanisms of injury was conducted. Children involved in MVC (study subjects) or FFB (controls), who were brought by the Emergency Medical System Mobile-Intensive-Care-Unit from the field to the trauma bay of the Emergency Department (ED) were enrolled on the basis of a convenience sample. Immediately following ED admission, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and base deficit (BD) were recorded. Types of injuries, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) on scene, and Injury Severity Score (ISS) were also obtained.RESULTS: Eleven study subjects and 22 controls were enrolled during a 1-year period. The mean ISS for the study subjects group and for the controls was 23.4 and 19.5, respectively. No difference was found in comparing the ISS, BD, SBP and HR of the two groups (p=0.261, p=0.421, p=0.314, and p=0.824, respectively). Controls had a lower GCS (p<0.031) and were more likely to have a skull fracture (p<0.0082). Study subjects were more likely to have limb injuries (p<0.0001) and thoracoabdominal injuries (p<0.0059).CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the Injury Severity Score of the two mechanisms of paediatric injury is high. The haemodynamic characteristics on ED admission were comparable between the two groups of patients but the likelihood of specific type of injury was different.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Accidents, Traffic', 'Acid-Base Imbalance', 'Blood Pressure', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Israel', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Rural Population', 'Trauma Severity Indices', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 19,328,486
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['N06.850.135.392'], ['C18.452.076'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['E01.789'], ['N01.600.725'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875', 'E05.944', 'N04.452.859.564.800', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.875'], ['C26']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Development of Salmonella strains as cancer therapy agents and testing in tumor cell lines.
|
Despite significant progress in the development of new drugs and radiation, deaths due to cancer remain high. Many novel therapies are in clinical trials and offer better solutions, but more innovative approaches are needed to eradicate the various subpopulations that exist in solid tumors. Since 1997, the use of bacteria for cancer therapy has gained increased attention. Salmonella Typhimurium strains have been shown to have a remarkably high affinity for tumor cells. The use of bacterial strains to target tumors is a relatively new research method that has not yet reached the point of clinical success. The first step in assessing the effectiveness of bacterial tumor therapy will require strain development and preclinical comparisons of candidate strains, which is the focus of this chapter. Several investigators have developed strains of Salmonella with reduced toxicity and capacity to deliver anti-tumor agents. Although methods for obtaining safe therapeutic strains have been relatively successful, there is still need for further genetic engineering before successful clinical use in human patients. As described by Forbes et al. in 2003, the main stumbling block is that, while bacteria preferentially embed within tumor cells, they fail to spread within the tumor and finish the eradication process. Further engineering might focus on creating Salmonella that remove motility limitations, including increased affinity toward tumor-generated chemotactic attractants and induction of matrix-degrading enzymes.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Drug Carriers', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Targeting', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Salmonella', 'Salmonella typhimurium']
| 18,363,243
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['E05.393.332'], ['E05.393.335'], ['E05.393.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['B03.440.450.425.800', 'B03.660.250.150.710'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Limonoid from the rhizomes of Luvunga scandens (Roxb.) Buch. Ham.
|
For first time, the chemical constituents of the rhizomes of Luvunga scandens (Roxb.) Buch. Ham. were investigated and led to the isolation of one new limonoid named Luvunga A (1), together with seven known compounds, including one limonoid (2) and six coumarins (3-8) were isolated for the first time from the species L. scandens by various chromatography methods. Their chemical structures were elucidated by IR, UV, HR-ESI-MS, NMR 1D and 2D experiments and compared with literatures.
|
['Chromatography', 'Coumarins', 'Limonins', 'Rhizome', 'Rutaceae', 'Spectrum Analysis']
| 28,326,853
|
[['E05.196.181'], ['D03.383.663.283.446', 'D03.633.100.150.446'], ['D02.455.849.919.490'], ['A18.024.937.750', 'A18.400.750'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.875'], ['E05.196.867']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Potential Implications of Climate Change on Aegilops Species Distribution: Sympatry of These Crop Wild Relatives with the Major European Crop Triticum aestivum and Conservation Issues.
|
Gene flow from crop to wild relatives is a common phenomenon which can lead to reduced adaptation of the wild relatives to natural ecosystems and/or increased adaptation to agrosystems (weediness). With global warming, wild relative distributions will likely change, thus modifying the width and/or location of co-occurrence zones where crop-wild hybridization events could occur (sympatry). This study investigates current and 2050 projected changes in sympatry levels between cultivated wheat and six of the most common Aegilops species in Europe. Projections were generated using MaxEnt on presence-only data, bioclimatic variables, and considering two migration hypotheses and two 2050 climate scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Overall, a general decline in suitable climatic conditions for Aegilops species outside the European zone and a parallel increase in Europe were predicted. If no migration could occur, the decline was predicted to be more acute outside than within the European zone. The potential sympatry level in Europe by 2050 was predicted to increase at a higher rate than species richness, and most expansions were predicted to occur in three countries, which are currently among the top four wheat producers in Europe: Russia, France and Ukraine. The results are also discussed with regard to conservation issues of these crop wild relatives.
|
['Acclimatization', 'Climate Change', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Europe', 'Gene Flow', 'Models, Biological', 'Poaceae', 'Species Specificity', 'Sympatry', 'Triticum']
| 27,100,790
|
[['G07.025.133', 'G16.012.500.133'], ['G16.500.175.374'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['Z01.542'], ['G05.330.159'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['G16.824'], ['G05.910'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Summation and subtraction using a modified autoshaping procedure in pigeons.
|
A modified autoshaping paradigm (significantly different from those previously reported in the summation literature) was employed to allow for the simultaneous assessment of stimulus summation and subtraction in pigeons. The response requirements and the probability of food delivery were adjusted such that towards the end of training 12 of 48 trials ended in food delivery, the same proportion as under testing. Stimuli (outlines of squares of three sizes and colors: A, B, and C) were used that could be presented separately or in any combination of two or three stimuli. Twelve of the pigeons (summation groups) were trained with either A, B, and C or with AB, BC, and CA, and tested with ABC. The remaining 12 pigeons (subtraction groups) received training with ABC but were tested with A, B, and C or with AB, BC, and CA. These groups were further subdivided according to whether stimulus elements were presented either in a concentric or dispersed manner. Summation did not occur; subtraction occurred in the two concentric groups. For interpretation of the results, configural theory, the Rescorla-Wagner model, and the composite-stimulus control model were considered. The results suggest different mechanisms responsible for summation and subtraction.
|
['Animals', 'Association Learning', 'Columbidae', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Inhibition, Psychological', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Psychological Theory', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reinforcement, Psychology']
| 18,396,379
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.165.150'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['F01.145.544', 'F02.463.425.475', 'F02.739.794.405'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F02.739'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['F02.463.425.770']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Root hair abundance impacts cadmium accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana shoots.
|
Background and Aims: Root hairs increase the contact area of roots with soil and thereby enhance the capacity for solute uptake. The strict hair/non-hair pattern of Arabidopsis thaliana can change with nutrient deficiency or exposure to toxic elements, which modify root hair density. The effects of root hair density on cadmium (Cd) accumulation in shoots of arabidopsis genotypes with altered root hair development and patterning were studied.Methods: Arabidopsis mutants that are unable to develop root hairs (rhd6-1 and cpc/try) or produce hairy roots (wer/myb23) were compared with the ecotype Columbia (Col-0). Plants were cultivated on nutrient agar for 2 weeks with or without Cd. Cadmium was applied as Cd(NO3)2 at two concentrations, 10 and 100 µm. Shoot biomass, root characteristics (primary root length, lateral root number, lateral root length and root hair density) and Cd concentrations in shoots were assessed. Anatomical features (suberization of the endodermis and development of the xylem) that might influence Cd uptake and translocation were also examined.Key Results: Cadmium inhibited plant growth and reduced root length and the number of lateral roots and root hairs per plant. Suberin lamellae in the root endodermis and xylem differentiation developed closer to the root apex in plants exposed to 100 µm Cd. The latter effect was genotype dependent. Shoot Cd accumulation was correlated with root hair abundance when plants were grown in the presence of 10 µm Cd, but not when grown in the presence of 100 µm Cd, in which treatment the development of suberin lamellae closer to the root tip appeared to restrict Cd accumulation in shoots.Conclusions: Root hair density can have a large effect on Cd accumulation in shoots, suggesting that the symplasmic pathway might play a significant role in the uptake and accumulation of this toxic element.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Biological Transport', 'Cadmium', 'Plant Roots', 'Plant Shoots', 'Soil Pollutants']
| 29,394,308
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['G03.143'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['A18.400'], ['A18.024.875'], ['D27.888.284.756']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Predictors of tuberculin reactivity among prospective Vietnamese migrants: the effect of smoking.
|
We investigated the prevalence and predictors of positive tuberculin skin test (TST) results among prospective Vietnamese migrants. We interviewed and medically screened 1395 Vietnamese people aged over 15 years who had applied to migrate to Australia. Approximately 44% of applicants had an induration of 10 mm or more, and 18.6% had an induration of 15 mm or more. A positive tuberculin skin test at 5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm of induration cut-points was significantly associated with age (OR 1.01-1.02 per year) and duration of smoking (OR 1.03-1.12 per year). Smoking appears to be an important factor associated with increased susceptibility to mycobacterial infection. It is not yet clear whether the increased tuberculin reactivity associated with smoking reflects an increased risk of tuberculosis among these migrants.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Emigration and Immigration', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking', 'Tuberculin Test', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary', 'Vietnam']
| 11,895,089
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['I01.240.600.525.500', 'N01.224.625.525.500', 'N06.850.505.400.700.525.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E01.370.225.812.871.800', 'E05.200.812.871.800', 'E05.478.594.890.800'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939'], ['Z01.252.145.945']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Simulation Method Linking Dense Microalgal Culture Spectral Properties in the 400-750 nm Range to the Physiology of the Cells.
|
This work describes a method to model the optical properties over the (400-750 nm) spectral range of a dense microalgal culture using the chemical and physical properties of the algal cells. The method was based on a specific program called AlgaSim coupled with the adding-doubling method: at the individual cell scale, AlgaSim simulates the spectral properties of one model, three-layer spherical algal cell from its size and chemical composition. As a second step, the adding-doubling method makes it possible to retrieve the total transmittance of the algal medium from the optical properties of the individual algal cells. The method was tested by comparing the simulated total transmittance spectra for dense marine microalgal cultures of Isochrysis galbana (small flagellates) and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (diatoms) to spectra measured using an experimental spectrophotometric setup. Our study revealed that the total transmittance spectra simulated for the quasi-spherical cells of Isochrysis galbana were in good agreement with the measured spectra over the whole spectral range. For Phaeodactylum tricornutum, large differences between simulated and measured spectra were observed over the blue part of the transmittance spectra, probably due to non-spherical shape of the algal cells. Prediction of the algal cell density, mean size and pigment composition from the total transmittance spectra measured on algal samples was also investigated using the reversal of the method. Mean cell size was successfully predicted for both species. The cell density was also successfully predicted for spherical Isochrysis galbana, with a relative error below 7%, but not for elongated Phaeodactylum tricornutum with a relative error up to 26%. The pigments total quantity and composition, the carotenoids:chlorophyll ratio in particular, were also successfully predicted for Isochrysis galbana with a relative error below 8%. However, the pigment predictions and measurements for Phaeodactylum tricornutum showed large discrepancies, with a relative error up to 88%. These results give strong support for the development of a promising tool providing rapid and accurate estimations of biomass and physiological status of a dense microalgal culture based on only light transmittance properties.
|
['Anisotropy', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Shape', 'Cell Size', 'Computer Simulation', 'Diatoms', 'Equipment Design', 'Haptophyta', 'Microalgae', 'Models, Biological', 'Pigments, Biological', 'Spectrophotometry']
| 27,091,907
|
[['G01.590.040', 'G02.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.320'], ['G04.325'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.750.200'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.400'], ['B05.080.500.600.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D23.767'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
21-hydroxylase deficiency in the neonate - trends in steroid anabolism and catabolism during the first weeks of life.
|
Deficiency of 21-hydroxylase provides an in vivo model of intrauterine induction of enzymes participating in steroid anabolism and catabolism. Quantitative data for 93 steroid metabolites in urine from 111 patients and 7 controls (25 samples) were compared over the first six weeks of life. Net flux through the key anabolic enzymes was examined by comparison of the totals of steroids derived from the intermediates prior to and following each enzymatic step. Metabolic relationships were established on structural grounds and by Pearson correlation. The relative importance of each catabolic route was evaluated after summing metabolites classified according to their structure as fetal, neonatal, and classical (adult) type. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified the structure at C3-C5 as a key distinguishing feature of the major catabolic streams and demonstrated a split point in metabolic pattern in patients at 7 days. Changes with time in steroid metabolism, larger in patients than in controls, could be interpreted as reflecting increased cortisol demand post partum, the clinical onset of salt-wasting and a transition in catabolism from fetal to postnatal life. Faster involution of the fetal zone and pronounced enhancement of steroid production in zona fasciculata and zona glomerulosa were indicated in patients. Predominant at birth were 'planar' fetal-type 5á-reduced metabolites, adapted to placental excretion, which gave way to additionally hydroxylated neonatal-type metabolites, facilitating renal excretion. Classical metabolism made gains over the study period. Overproduction of steroids in utero in 21-hydroxylase deficiency would have induced fetal catabolic pathways dependent on 5á-reduction. A progressive increase of steroids likely to arise from 5á-reductase type 2 activity, again more distinct in disease, was observed. We demonstrate that the key intermediates in the hypothetical 'backdoor' pathway of androgen synthesis are part of a broader catabolic network and should not be examined in isolation.
|
['3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Steroid 21-Hydroxylase', 'Steroids']
| 23,916,492
|
[['D08.811.682.660.465'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D08.244.453.493.500', 'D08.244.453.915.760', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.463.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.915.760', 'D12.776.422.220.453.493.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.915.760'], ['D04.210.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
nanoCAGE reveals 5' UTR features that define specific modes of translation of functionally related MTOR-sensitive mRNAs.
|
The diversity of MTOR-regulated mRNA translation remains unresolved. Whereas ribosome-profiling suggested that MTOR almost exclusively stimulates translation of the TOP (terminal oligopyrimidine motif) and TOP-like mRNAs, polysome-profiling indicated that MTOR also modulates translation of mRNAs without the 5' TOP motif (non-TOP mRNAs). We demonstrate that in ribosome-profiling studies, detection of MTOR-dependent changes in non-TOP mRNA translation was obscured by low sensitivity and methodology biases. Transcription start site profiling using nano-cap analysis of gene expression (nanoCAGE) revealed that not only do many MTOR-sensitive mRNAs lack the 5' TOP motif but that 5' UTR features distinguish two functionally and translationally distinct subsets of MTOR-sensitive mRNAs: (1) mRNAs with short 5' UTRs enriched for mitochondrial functions, which require EIF4E but are less EIF4A1-sensitive; and (2) long 5' UTR mRNAs encoding proliferation- and survival-promoting proteins, which are both EIF4E- and EIF4A1-sensitive. Selective inhibition of translation of mRNAs harboring long 5' UTRs via EIF4A1 suppression leads to sustained expression of proteins involved in respiration but concomitant loss of those protecting mitochondrial structural integrity, resulting in apoptosis. Conversely, simultaneous suppression of translation of both long and short 5' UTR mRNAs by MTOR inhibitors results in metabolic dormancy and a predominantly cytostatic effect. Thus, 5' UTR features define different modes of MTOR-sensitive translation of functionally distinct subsets of mRNAs, which may explain the diverse impact of MTOR and EIF4A inhibitors on neoplastic cells.
|
["5' Untranslated Regions", 'Apoptosis', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E', 'Female', 'Humans', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases']
| 26,984,228
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.885', 'D13.444.735.790.878.885', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.885', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.885'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.776.157.725.750.374', 'D12.776.835.725.868.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.630'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rapid determination of antiviral drug susceptibility of human cytomegalovirus by real-time PCR.
|
A quantitative real-time PCR-based assay was developed for determination of cytomegalovirus (HCMV) susceptibility to antiviral drugs. After HCMV isolate-growth for 4 days, antiviral drug susceptibility was determined by measuring the reduction of intracellular HCMV DNA in the presence of increasing concentrations of either ganciclovir, or foscarnet or cidofovir. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) was the drug concentration that reduced the number of HCMV genome copies by 50%. The IC(50) values were measured for seven HCMV reference strains sensitive or resistant to one or more antiviral drugs. The antiviral susceptibility of 21 HCMV isolates was then tested and the results were consistent with prior determination of their phenotype and/or genotype by plaque reduction assay and sequencing. The real-time PCR susceptibility assay reported here was found to be highly reproducible, simpler to perform than the plaque reduction assay, and amenable to use in the routine diagnostic virology laboratory.
|
['Antiviral Agents', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytomegalovirus', 'Cytomegalovirus Infections', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Viral', 'Humans', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Viral Plaque Assay']
| 18,992,772
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['A11.251'], ['B04.280.382.150.150'], ['C01.925.256.466.245'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.225.875.970.790', 'E05.200.875.970.790']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Serotoninergic but not noradrenergic neurons in rat central nervous system adapt to long-term treatment with monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
|
Repeated administration of monoamine oxidase inhibitors induces a transient decrease in the firing rate of serotoninergic neurons followed by complete recovery, whereas it results in a persistent reduction of the firing rate of noradrenergic neurons. Under these conditions, serotoninergic, but not noradrenergic, neurons undergo a desensitization of their somatic autoreceptors. Serotoninergic neurons therefore show the capacity to free themselves from their autoregulatory control, a property which noradrenergic neurons appear to be lacking. The time course of the recovery in the firing rate of the serotoninergic neurons is consistent with the delayed antidepressant effect of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
|
['Animals', 'Clonidine', 'Clorgyline', 'Locus Coeruleus', 'Male', 'Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors', 'Norepinephrine', 'Phenelzine', 'Raphe Nuclei', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Selegiline', 'Serotonin', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 3,005,914
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.308.436.500'], ['D02.092.831.180'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.473', 'A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.437'], ['D27.505.519.389.616'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D02.442.700'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.618', 'A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.562', 'A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.662'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D02.092.471.683.915'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pattern-evoked responses and luminance-evoked responses in the human electroretinogram.
|
Electrical potentials were recorded from the cornea of the human eye in response to the onset and offset of square-wave stripe patterns varying in spatial frequency, luminance and contrast. Under high retinal illumination (50119 photopic td) the response to pattern onset was a positive wave (pattern-onset wave) followed by a negative after-potential. As long as the pattern was presented, a steady potential of positive polarity (plateau potential) was observed. The response to pattern offset was a biphasic negative-positive wave followed by a negative after-potential. A comparison between wave forms obtained with pattern onset-offset stimuli and luminance increase-decrease stimuli suggests: (a) the pattern-onset wave is the result of an interaction between a luminance-increase and a luminance-decrease response; (b) the plateau potential is mainly an additive superposition of two receptor processes originating from retinal areas that receive increases and decreases in local luminance; (c) the negative-positive potential is an a-wave and a b-wave originating from retinal areas that receive increases in local luminance. The amplitude of the pattern-onset wave was greatest at a spatial frequency around 3-4 c/deg. This behaviour was closely correlated with contrast sensitivity determined psychophysically by previous investigators. Therefore, the pattern-onset wave seems to be a pattern-evoked response. The amplitude of the b-wave following pattern offset showed a monotonic decrease with increasing spatial frequency. It is mainly a luminance-evoked response. Under low retinal illumination (457 photopic td) the pattern-onset wave and the b-wave at pattern offset were smaller. However, the pattern-onset wave had its maximum amplitude at a lower spatial frequency. When increases or decreases in space-average luminance were combined with pattern onset or offset, transitions between pattern- and luminance-evoked responses could be observed. The results suggest that a decrease in local luminance is the essential stimulus for evoking a pattern-related response while increases in local light intensity generate luminance-evoked responses.
|
['Cornea', 'Electroretinography', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Form Perception', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Male', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Photometry']
| 6,875,942
|
[['A09.371.060.217'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['F02.463.593.373', 'F02.463.593.778.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['E05.196.712']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sperm washing and swim-up technique using antibiotics removes microbes from human semen.
|
Pelvic infections may follow intrauterine or intratubal insemination with washed semen. In this study, we determined whether sperm washing removes microorganisms from human semen. Before and after semen wash, we cultured 15 ejaculates for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, genital mycoplasma, and chlamydia. All semen samples had from one to five organisms isolated (total, 40 isolates) before the semen wash preparation. The mean number (+/- standard deviation) of isolates per sample was 2.67 +/- 1.35. After the semen were prepared, none of the samples showed a positive culture. The decrease in the number of samples with positive cultures and the decrease in the number of isolates is significant (P less than 0.0001). After sperm washing, electronmicroscopic studies did not show any microbes attached to any portion of the spermatozoa. We conclude that the method of sperm wash preparation used is effective in removing microbes present in human semen.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacteria, Aerobic', 'Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'Chlamydia trachomatis', 'Disinfection', 'Humans', 'Insemination, Artificial', 'Insemination, Artificial, Homologous', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Semen', 'Sperm Count', 'Sperm Motility', 'Spermatozoa', 'Ureaplasma']
| 3,943,654
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B03.120'], ['B03.130'], ['B03.440.190.190.190.750'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.875.800.937', 'E05.820.800.937', 'G08.686.784.363.492'], ['E02.875.800.937.525', 'E05.820.800.937.525', 'G08.686.784.363.492.750'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A12.200.732'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Seedling lethality in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia conferred by Ds transposable element insertion into a plant-specific gene.
|
A seedling lethal mutant of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia (sdl-1) was isolated by transposon tagging using a maize Dissociation (Ds) element. The insertion mutation was produced by direct co-transformation of protoplasts with two plasmids: one containing Ds and a second with an Ac transposase gene. sdl-1 seedlings exhibit several phenotypes: swollen organs, short hypocotyls in light and dark conditions, and enlarged and multinucleated cells, that altogether suggest cell growth defects. Mutant cells are able to proliferate under in vitro culture conditions. Genomic DNA sequences bordering the transposon were used to recover cDNA from the normal allele. Complementation of the mutant phenotype with the cDNA confirmed that the transposon had caused the mutation. The Ds element was inserted into the first exon of the open reading frame and the homozygous mutant lacked detectable transcript. Phenocopies of the mutant were obtained by an antisense approach. SDL-1 encodes a novel protein found in several plant genomes but apparently missingfrom animal and fungal genomes; the protein is highly conserved and has a potential plastid targeting motif.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'DNA, Antisense', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Seedlings', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Tobacco']
| 12,369,630
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['D13.150.200', 'D13.444.308.150', 'D13.444.600.150.200', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.200'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['A18.550', 'B01.650.819'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections with indeterminate adherence using temporary covered metal stents.
|
Transenteric drainage of a pancreatic fluid collection (PFC) with poor adherence to the bowel wall risks leakage and perforation. Elimination of tract dilation and the use of a fully covered self-expanding metal stent (FCSEMS) may improve safety. We evaluated endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage of PFCs using a one-step access device followed by placement of a FCSEMS. Eighteen patients (12 males; median age 50) with PFCs (median size 135 mm) meeting the criteria for indeterminate adherence were enrolled. After 7 - 10 days, the FCSEMSs were removed and exchanged for double-pigtail stents. When indicated, tract dilation and endoscopy-guided cyst debridement was performed. FCSEMS placement was technically successful in all patients without complications. Median procedure time was 37.5 minutes. Cystgastrostomy dilation resulted in dehiscence in one patient and was treated with repeat FCSEMS placement. Cyst resolution was achieved in 78 % of patients. FCSEMS placement without tract dilation enables safe initial drainage of PFCs with indeterminate adherence.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Drainage', 'Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal', 'Endosonography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Juice', 'Pancreatic Pseudocyst', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stents', 'Young Adult']
| 22,791,588
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['E01.370.372.250.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250', 'E04.210.240.250', 'E04.502.250.250.250'], ['E01.370.350.850.280'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A12.200.567'], ['C04.182.640.692', 'C06.689.500.692'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E07.695.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Residues PsaB Asp612 and PsaB Glu613 of photosystem I confer pH-dependent binding of plastocyanin and cytochrome c(6).
|
The binding and electron transfer between plastocyanin (pc) or cytochrome c(6) (cyt c(6)) and photosystem I (PSI) can be described by hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions. The two á helices, l and l' in PsaB and PsaA, respectively, are involved in forming the hydrophobic interaction site at the oxidizing site of PSI. To obtain mechanistic insights into the function of the two negatively charged residues D612 and E613, present in á helix l of PsaB, we exchanged both residues by site-directed mutagenesis with His and transformed a PsaB deficient mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Flash-induced absorption spectroscopy revealed that PSI harboring the changes D612H and E613H had a high affinity toward binding of the electron donors and possessed an altered pH dependence of electron transfer with pc and cyt c(6). Despite optimized binding and electron transfer between the altered PSI and its electron donors, the mutant strain PsaB-D612H/E613H exhibited a strong light sensitive growth phenotype, indicating that decelerated turnover between pc/cyt c(6) and PSI with respect to electron transfer is deleterious to the cells.
|
['Aspartic Acid', 'Chlamydomonas reinhardtii', 'Cytochromes c6', 'Electron Transport', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Photosystem I Protein Complex', 'Plastocyanin', 'Protein Binding']
| 22,920,401
|
[['D12.125.067.500', 'D12.125.119.170', 'D12.125.427.040'], ['B01.650.940.150.385.650'], ['D08.244.286.600', 'D12.776.422.220.286.600'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['G02.300'], ['D05.500.562.488.500', 'D08.811.600.710.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.492', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.492', 'D12.776.543.930.500.500', 'D12.776.765.199.750.750.500'], ['D12.776.556.760', 'D12.776.765.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A fluorometric assay for the biotin-avidin interaction based on displacement of the fluorescent probe 2-anilinonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid.
|
Avidin and biotin can be sensitively and accurately quantitated using the fluorescent probe 2-anilinonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (2,6-ANS). In the presence of avidin, the fluorescence of 2,6-ANS is blue shifted with a large increase in quantum yield. Biotin binding causes complete displacement of the bound fluorophore with concomitant quenching of the fluorescence. The fluorometric monitoring of the displacement of 2,6-ANS can be used as a facile method of measuring the biotin-avidin interaction. 2,6-ANS displacement gives the same stoichiometry as the method using 4'-hydroxyazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid. Our initial studies of an affinity-purified avidin revealed that, of the four binding sites on the avidin tetramer, a mean of three remain available for biotin (or dye) binding; this finding highlights a caveat concerning the use of affinity-purified oligomeric-binding proteins with multiple sites. As compared with previous fluorescence methods, the use of 2,6-ANS gives high sensitivity without the necessity of preparing and purifying a covalent avidin conjugate. In addition, the present method;:is potentially more sensitive than those based on optical absorbance; uses a probe that has increased stability and a larger Stokes shift compared with fluorescein; is not subject to protein interference; and gives accurate results over a wide range of 2,6-ANS and avidin concentrations.
|
['Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates', 'Avidin', 'Binding Sites', 'Biotin', 'Ovalbumin', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 4,091,277
|
[['D02.092.146.125', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.555.282', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650.050', 'D04.615.638.555.282'], ['D12.776.034.614.300', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663.300', 'D12.776.290.663.100', 'D12.776.395.175'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of noncalcified plaque in young persons with diabetes: an opportunity for early primary prevention of coronary artery disease identified with low-dose coronary computed tomographic angiography.
|
PURPOSE: Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is a valuable tool for assessing coronary artery disease (CAD). Although statin use is widely recommended for persons with diabetes older than age 40, little is known about the presence and severity of CAD in younger patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). We evaluated coronary artery calcium (CAC) and coronary CTA in young persons with both DM1 and DM2 in an attempt to detect the earliest objective evidence of arteriosclerosis eligible for primary prevention.METHODS AND MATERIALS: We prospectively enrolled 40 persons with DM (25 type 1 and 15 type 2) between the ages of 19 and 35 presenting with diabetes for 5 years or longer. All patients underwent coronary CTA and CAC scans to evaluate for early atherosclerotic disease. Each plaque in the coronary artery was classified as noncalcified or calcified-mixed. We also evaluated all segments with stenosis, dividing them into mild (<50%), moderate (50-70%), and severe (>70%).RESULTS: The average age of the DM1 subjects were 26 ± 4 (SD) years and 30 ± 4 years for DM2 patients (P < .01), with duration of diabetes of 8 ± 5 years and average HbA1c% of 8.7 ± 1.6 (norm = 4.6-6.2). Abnormal scans were present in 57.5%, noncalcified in 35% and calcified-mixed plaque in 22.5%. Persons with DM2 had a higher prevalence of positive coronary CTA scans than DM1: 80% versus 44% (P < .03) and more positive CAC scores 53% versus 4%, (P < .01). The total segment score of 2.1 ± 3.4 (P < .01) and total plaque score 1.9 ± 2.8 (P < .01) were highly correlated to each other. Plaque was almost uniformly absent below age 25, and became increasingly common in individuals over the age of 25 years for both groups. The average radiation exposure was 2.5 ± 1.3 mSv.CONCLUSION: Our study verifies that early CAD can be diagnosed with coronary CTA and minimal radiation exposure in young adults with DM. A negative CAC score was not sufficient to exclude early CAD as we observed a preponderance of noncalcified plaque in this cohort. Coronary CTA in young DM patients older than age 25 may provide earlier identification of disease than does a CAC because only noncalcified plaque is frequently present. Coronary CTA provides an opportunity to consider initiation of earlier primary CAD prevention rather than waiting for the age of 40 as currently recommended by the American Diabetes Association guidelines.
|
['Adult', 'Calcinosis', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Humans', 'Multidetector Computed Tomography', 'Plaque, Atherosclerotic', 'Primary Prevention', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Young Adult']
| 22,542,200
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.800.249', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.800.249'], ['C23.300.823'], ['N02.421.726.758', 'N06.850.780.680'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of vitamin A on wound epidermis during forelimb regeneration in adult newts.
|
The effects of vitamin A on blastemal epidermis were studied during the early postamputational period of forelimb regeneration in Triturus alpestris. Vitamin A was administered through oral intubation at a dose of 250 IU per gram of body weight per day. The results were evaluated by morphometry, histology, and autoradiography. After 7, 11 and 14 days of treatment, several alterations were observed in the wound epidermis: a) reversal of keratinization; fewer keratinized cells were counted in sections from vitamin A-treated limbs; b) decrease in the incorporation of tritiated thymidine, as judged by estimation of labeling indices; c) increased mitotic activity in the cells of the stratum germinativum, and in the middle layer of the epithelial cells, as well. The significance of these cellular effects is discussed against the relevant literature.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Epidermal Cells', 'Forelimb', 'Keratins', 'Mitotic Index', 'Regeneration', 'Triturus', 'Vitamin A', 'Wound Healing']
| 1,705,139
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.409'], ['A13.395'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.500', 'E05.200.500.385.500', 'E05.242.385.500'], ['G16.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.608.700.670'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818', 'D02.455.849.291.925', 'D23.767.261.700.860'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
GABAB receptor-mediated contractile effects resistant to tetrodotoxin in isolated cat ileum.
|
The effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABAergic drugs were studied on longitudinal strips from cat terminal ileum prepared after removing the myenteric plexus. GABA and baclofen exerted concentration-dependent contractile effects. Muscimol was ineffective, and bicuculline did not antagonize the effect of GABA. The complete elimination of the neural input to the smooth muscle cells by tetrodotoxin failed to prevent the action of GABA and baclofen. Pharmacological analyses of the effects indicated the existence of GABAB receptors on the smooth muscle cells in the longitudinal layer of cat terminal ileum.
|
['Animals', 'Baclofen', 'Bicuculline', 'Cats', 'Drug Resistance', 'Ileum', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Denervation', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Receptors, GABA-A', 'Tetrodotoxin', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 2,169,425
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350.100'], ['D03.132.098.077', 'D03.633.100.531.085.077'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['E05.481'], ['G11.427.494'], ['E04.525.210.500', 'E04.525.210.560.500'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.562', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.562', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.562', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.130.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.300.300'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrospun polystyrene fiber diameter influencing bacterial attachment, proliferation, and growth.
|
Electrospun materials have been widely investigated in the past few decades as candidates for tissue engineering applications. However, there is little available data on the mechanisms of interaction of bacteria with electrospun wound dressings of different morphology and surface chemistry. This knowledge could allow the development of effective devices against bacterial infections in chronic wounds. In this paper, the interactions of three bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) with electrospun polystyrene meshes were investigated. Bacterial response to meshes with different fiber diameters was assessed through a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy. Experiments included attachment studies in liquid medium but also directly onto agar plates; the latter was aimed at mimicking a chronic wound environment. Fiber diameter was shown to affect the ability of bacteria to proliferate within the fibrous networks, depending on cell size and shape. The highest proliferation rates occurred when fiber diameter was close to the bacterial size. Nanofibers were found to induce conformational changes of rod shaped bacteria, limiting the colonization process and inducing cell death. The data suggest that simply tuning the morphological properties of electrospun fibers may be one strategy used to control biofilm formation within wound dressings.
|
['Bacterial Adhesion', 'Bacterial Physiological Phenomena', 'Biofilms', 'Cell Enlargement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Electroplating', 'Materials Testing', 'Nanofibers', 'Particle Size', 'Rotation']
| 25,798,788
|
[['G06.099.050'], ['G06.099'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['G04.161.500', 'G07.345.249.410.500'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E05.301.250.348'], ['E05.570'], ['J01.637.512.300'], ['G02.712'], ['G01.482.703']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Trauma performance improvement and patient safety committee: fostering an effective team.
|
Trauma programs that are verified by the American College of Surgeons are required to have a multidisciplinary committee that examines trauma-related patient care operations. To facilitate a potentially large number of issues relevant to patient care, the Trauma Performance Improvement and Patient Safety Committee can apply team principles to promote success. A literature review concerning effective teams was conducted. Eleven principles were identified as essential for developing an effective committee that can properly respond to and resolve performance issues in complex trauma care. This article describes and applies these 11 principles to the Trauma Performance Improvement and Patient Safety Committee.
|
['Efficiency, Organizational', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Patient Care Team', 'Patient Safety', 'Program Development', 'Program Evaluation', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Quality Improvement', 'Societies, Medical', 'Total Quality Management', 'Trauma Centers', 'United States', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 22,157,529
|
[['N04.452.209.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.590.715'], ['N06.850.135.060.075.399'], ['N04.452.760'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['J01.293.754', 'N04.761.744'], ['N03.540.828.589'], ['N04.452.955', 'N04.761.700.675', 'N05.700.792'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['C26']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
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