Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A comparison of once-daily extended-release methylphenidate formulations in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the laboratory school (the Comacs Study).
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in the pharmacodynamic (PD) profile of 2 second-generation extended-release (ER) formulations of methylphenidate (MPH): Metadate CD (MCD; methylphenidate HCl, US Pharmacopeia) extended-release capsules, CII, and Concerta (CON; methylphenidate HCl) extended-release tablets, CII. Little empirical information exists to help the clinician compare the PD effects of the available ER formulations on attention and behavior. Previous studies have shown that the near-equal doses of MCD and CON provide equivalent, total exposure to MPH as measured by area under the plasma concentration time curve, yet their pharmacokinetic (PK) plasma concentration versus time profiles are different. We previously offered a theoretical PK/PD account of the similarities and differences among available ER formulations based on the hypothesis that all formulations produce effects related to MPH delivered by 2 processes: 1) an initial bolus dose of immediate-release (IR) MPH that is expected to achieve peak plasma concentration in the early morning and have rapid onset of efficacy within 2 hours of dosing, which for the MCD capsule is delivered by 30% of the total daily dose as uncoated beads and for the CON tablet is delivered by an overcoat of 22% of the total daily dose; and 2) an extended, controlled delivery of ER MPH that is expected to achieve peak plasma concentrations in the afternoon to maintain efficacy for a programmed period of time after the peak of the initial bolus, which for the MCD capsule is delivered by polymer-coated beads and for the CON tablet by an osmotic-release oral system. According to this PK/PD model, clinical superiority is expected at any point in time for the formulation with the highest MPH plasma concentration.METHODS: This was a multisite, double-blind, double-dummy, 3-way crossover study of 2 active treatments (MCD and CON) and placebo (PLA). Children with confirmed diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were stratified to receive bioequivalent doses of MCD and CON that were considered to be low (20 mg of MCD and 18 mg of CON), medium (40 mg of MCD and 36 mg of CON), or high (60 mg of MCD and 54 mg of CON), and in a randomized order each of the study treatments was administered once daily in the morning for 1 week. On the seventh day of each treatment week, children attended a laboratory school, where surrogate measures of response were obtained by using teacher ratings of attention and deportment and a record of permanent product of performance on a 10-minute math test at each of the 7 classroom sessions spread across the day at 1.5-hour intervals. Safety was assessed by patient reports of adverse events, parent ratings on a stimulant side-effects scale, and measurement of vital signs.RESULTS: The analyses of variance revealed large, statistically significant main effects for the within-subject factor of treatment for all 3 outcome measures (deportment, attention, and permanent product). The interactions of treatment x session were also highly significant for all 3 outcome measures. Inspection of the PD profiles for the treatment x session interactions suggested 4 patterns of efficacy across the day: 1) PLA > MCD approximately CON (PLA superiority) immediately after dosing; 2) MCD > CON > PLA during the morning (MCD superiority); 3) MCD approximately CON > PLA during the afternoon (PD equivalence of MCD and CON); and 4) CON > MCD approximately PLA in the early evening (CON superiority). The effect of site was significant, because some study centers had low and some high scores for behavior in the lab classroom, but both the low- and high-scoring sites showed similar PD patterns across the day. The interaction of dose x treatment was not significant, indicating that the pattern of treatment effects was consistent across each dose level. There were no statistically significant overall differences among the 3 treatments for the frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events, ratings of side effects, or vital signs. Two additional PK/PD questions were addressed: 1. The a priori hypothesis called for a comparison of the average of sessions (removing session as a factor) during a time period that corresponds to the length of a typical school day (from 1.5 through 7.5 hours after dosing). For the planned contrast of the 2 treatment conditions (MCD versus CON), the difference was significant, confirming the a priori hypothesis of superiority of near-equal daily doses of MCD over CON for this predefined postdosing period. 2. In the design of the study, the dose factor represented the total daily dose, consisting of 2 components: the initial bolus doses of IR MPH, which differ for the near-equal total daily doses of MCD and CON, and the reservoir doses of ER MPH, which were the same for the 2 formulations. To evaluate the moderating effects of the bolus component of dose on outcome, average effect size (ES) was calculated for the efficacy outcomes at the time of expected peak PK concentration times of the initial bolus component for each formulation at the 3 dose levels. The correlation (r) of ES with IR MPH bolus dose was significant for each of the 3 outcome measures (r approximately .9), indicating that the magnitude of effects in the early morning may be attributed to the dose administered by the IR MPH bolus of each formulation. For the 2 dose conditions with equal 12-mg IR MPH boluses (MCD 40 and CON 54), the ESs were large and indistinguishable (eg, deportment ES approximately 0.75 for both).CONCLUSIONS: Once-daily doses of MCD and CON produced statistically significantly different PD effects on surrogate measures of behavior and performance among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the laboratory school setting. As predicted by the PK/PD model, superiority at any point in time was achieved by the formulation with the highest expected plasma MPH concentration.
|
['Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Capsules', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Child', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methylphenidate', 'Tablets']
| 14,993,578
|
[['F03.625.094.150'], ['D26.255.150'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.223.601.600', 'D03.383.621.460'], ['D26.255.830']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The antinociceptive effect of the asthma drug ibudilast in rat models of peripheral and central neuropathic pain.
|
Ibudilast, an asthma drug, has demonstrated antinociceptive effects in several rat models of peripheral neuropathic pain, and a proposed mechanism of action is the inhibition of release of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-á (TNF-á) from activated spinal microglia. Spinal glial activation has also been demonstrated in rat models of central neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI). The current study evaluated the effect of a short course of treatment with ibudilast on SCI-induced pain, and for comparison, following a chronic constriction injury (CCI; the Bennett model) of the sciatic nerve in rats. The effects of ibudilast treatment on spinal (SCI and CCI rats), and nerve tissue (CCI only) TNF-á content were also evaluated. Following an acute midthoracic SCI with a microvascular clip (20-g force), hindpaw withdrawal thresholds were significantly decreased, indicating below-level cutaneous tactile hypersensitivity. Likewise, unilateral loose ligation of the sciatic nerve led to a robust ipsilateral tactile hypersensitivity. Rats were treated with either ibudilast (10 mg/kg IP) or vehicle (2 mL/kg) during the period of robust and steady hindpaw hypersensitivity for each model--CCI rats were treated 14-16 days post-surgery, and SCI rats were treated 30-32 days post-surgery--and tested daily. Ibudilast ameliorated hindpaw hypersensitivity in both SCI and CCI rats, whereas vehicle treatment had no effect. Interestingly, repeated treatment led to increased baseline thresholds, beyond the duration of the drug half-life, suggesting persistent changes in neuropathic pain processing. In SCI rats, an increase in TNF-á content in spinal tissue rostral to the SCI was observed. Ibudilast treatment did not significantly alter this increase. In rats with a CCI, TNF-á content was markedly increased in the ipsilateral sciatic nerve and was partially reduced following ibudilast, but not vehicle, treatment. Ibudilast could be useful for the treatment of neuropathic pain of central as well as peripheral origin.
|
['Analgesics', 'Animals', 'Anti-Asthmatic Agents', 'Central Nervous System Diseases', 'Male', 'Neuralgia', 'Neuroglia', 'Pain Measurement', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Pyridines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sciatic Neuropathy', 'Spinal Cord', 'Spinal Cord Compression', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 21,806,469
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.796.050'], ['C10.228'], ['C10.668.829.600', 'C23.888.592.612.664'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C10.668.829'], ['E05.723'], ['D03.383.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['C10.668.829.500.675'], ['A08.186.854'], ['C10.228.854.761', 'C26.819.678'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sinus node dysfunction after partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair.
|
OBJECTIVE: Repair of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection to superior vena cava using an internal patch has been described as a potential cause of obstruction at the systemic or pulmonary vein level and of sinus node dysfunction. Our experience with this operation was reviewed.METHODS: From 1991 to 2011, 59 patients with a diagnosis of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection to superior vena cava underwent surgical repair with intracardiac patch rerouting alone (45 patients) or with associated superior vena cava patch enlargement (14 patients). Follow-up evaluation was performed, including electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, electrocardiogram Holter monitor recording, and exercise stress test.RESULTS: There were no early or late deaths and no reoperations at a mean follow-up of 46 ± 45 months. All patients were asymptomatic in New York Heart Association class I. Echocardiographic evaluation excluded any obstruction at the pulmonary or systemic vein level. At follow-up, 55 patients (93%) presented sinus rhythm and were free from antiarrhythmic medications, 2 patients (3%) presented atrial fibrillation, 1 patient (2%) presented atrial fibrillation and asymptomatic sinus node dysfunction, and 1 patient (2%) presented ectopic atrial rhythm. Electrocardiogram Holter recording demonstrated sinus node dysfunction in 6 of 34 patients (18%). Exercise stress test showed chronotropic incompetence in 8 of 27 patients (30%): All except 1 patient presented sinus rhythm at basal electrocardiogram, and only 4 patients had some evidence of sinus node dysfunction on electrocardiogram Holter recording.CONCLUSIONS: Intracardiac repair of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection can be performed with good results at medium-term follow-up. The rate of sinus node dysfunction or other arrhythmias and obstruction at pulmonary or systemic vein level is comparable to other techniques. Exercise stress test evaluation is the best way to detect asymptomatic sinus node dysfunction.
|
['Adolescent', 'Aged', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Scimitar Syndrome', 'Sick Sinus Syndrome', 'Sinoatrial Node', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,060,362
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['C08.381.780', 'C14.907.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C08.381.844', 'C08.695.815', 'C14.240.850.968', 'C14.907.780', 'C16.131.240.850.937', 'C16.131.740.815'], ['C14.280.067.093.249', 'C14.280.067.558.536', 'C14.280.123.500.536', 'C23.550.073.093.249', 'C23.550.073.425.440'], ['A07.541.409.819'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inside the alkalinity engine: the role of electron donors in the organomineralization potential of sulfate-reducing bacteria.
|
Mineral precipitation in microbial mats may have been the key to their preservation as fossil stromatolites, potentially documenting evidence of the earliest life on Earth. Two factors that contribute to carbonate mineral precipitation are the saturation index (SI) and the presence of nucleation sites. Both of these can be influenced by micro-organisms, which can either alter SI through their metabolisms, or produce and consume organic substances such as extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that can affect nucleation. It is the balance of individual metabolisms within the mat community that determines the pH and the dissolved inorganic carbon concentration, thereby potentially increasing the alkalinity and consequently the SI. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are an important component of this 'alkalinity engine.' The activity of SRB often peaks in layers where CaCO(3) precipitates, and mineral precipitation has been demonstrated in SRB cultures; however, the effect of their metabolism on the alkalinity engine and actual contribution to mineral precipitation is the subject of controversy. Here, we show through culture experiments, theoretical calculations, and geochemical modeling studies that the pH, alkalinity, and organomineralization potential will vary depending on the type of electron donor. Specifically, hydrogen and formate can increase the pH, but electron donors like lactate and ethanol, and to a lesser extent glycolate, decrease the pH. The implication of this for the lithification of mats is that the combination of processes supplying electron donors and the utilization of these compounds by SRB may be critical to promoting mineral precipitation.
|
['Bacteria', 'Calcium Carbonate', 'Chemical Precipitation', 'Environmental Microbiology', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Sulfates']
| 22,925,453
|
[['B03'], ['D01.146.275', 'D01.200.275.150.150', 'D01.578.200'], ['E05.196.150', 'G02.159'], ['H01.158.273.540.274', 'N06.850.425'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.599'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Aciclovir protects against quinolinic-acid-induced oxidative neurotoxicity.
|
AIDS-related encephalopathy, including AIDS dementia complex (ADC) and the opportunistic disease, herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), are postulated to arise due to the release of neurotoxic products, such as quinolinic acid (QUIN), by activated microglial cells in the brain. QUIN causes a cascade of events to occur, which leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), these being ultimately responsible for oxidative neurotoxicity. The antiherpes antiviral aciclovir has been reported to protect against neuron loss in HSE, but the mechanism for this neuroprotection is unknown. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether aciclovir has the ability to inhibit QUIN-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates, after in-vitro and in-vivo exposure to QUIN and aciclovir. The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay was the method used to analyse lipid peroxidation. Rat brains were also examined histologically after in-vivo exposure to visually assess whether neuron loss was suppressed. The results show that aciclovir inhibits the QUIN-induced lipid peroxidation, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, aciclovir reduced necrosis of hippocampal neurons and retained the characteristic morphology, integrity and arrangement of these cells. Thus, it appears that aciclovir has neuroprotective properties, which could possibly be useful in the treatment of AIDS-related encephalopathy.
|
['AIDS Dementia Complex', 'Acyclovir', 'Animals', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Brain', 'Hippocampus', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Necrosis', 'Neurons', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Quinolinic Acid', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 15,969,948
|
[['C01.221.250.875.049', 'C01.221.812.640.400.070', 'C01.778.640.400.070', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.049', 'C01.925.813.400.070', 'C10.228.140.380.070', 'C20.673.480.070', 'F03.615.400.050'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.250'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['C23.550.717'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D03.383.725.822.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel alternative therapy for spinal tuberculosis during surgery: reconstructing with anti-tuberculosis bioactivity implants.
|
Accompanied with the worsening of the pulmonary tuberculosis bacterium (TB) epidemic, the incidence of spinal TB has increased in recent years. Spinal reconstruction and stabilisation, and bone defect repair play a crucial role in the surgical treatment of spinal TB. Unfortunately, the existing materials have not completely met the requirements for spinal TB reconstruction due to their diverse deficiencies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel reconstructing implants. Poly-DL-lactide (PDLLA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) are two promising drug delivery systems (DDS) and materials for bone repair, which could help us to overcome the difficulties in spinal TB reconstruction in the future. In this article, we discuss the properties of PDLLA and nHA, two potential drug delivering and bone repair materials for spinal TB reconstruction. We also presented two alternatives for spinal TB in future. Two strategies have the potential for treating spinal TB in the future. One such strategy consists of mixing anti-TB drugs, PDLLA with nHA to fabricate a novel three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffold via 3D printing (3DP) technology. Another is preparing a novel titanium mesh implant coated with drugs/PDLLA/nHA composites by solvent evaporation and low-temperature drying technology. These two hypotheses have recently been tested in a laboratory setting by our team.
|
['Animals', 'Antitubercular Agents', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Drug Implants', 'Durapatite', 'Humans', 'Nanostructures', 'Polyesters', 'Tuberculosis, Spinal']
| 24,328,922
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['E02.319.300'], ['D26.255.210.315'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.512'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.843.722', 'C01.160.886.722', 'C05.116.165.886.722', 'C05.116.900.853.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A rapid admission protocol to reduce emergency department boarding times.
|
INTRODUCTION: Prolonged emergency department boarding times (EDBT) are associated with adverse clinical outcomes and longer hospital stays. A rapid admission protocol was designed at our institution to reduce both EDBT and time to admission orders (EDTAO) for patients admitted to the internal medicine service.METHODS: The existing admission process was examined by a team of clinical and administrative leaders who focused on developing a change management architecture, narrowing clinical roles, mandating direct communication, establishing clear boundaries for patient responsibility and instituting carefully constructed holding orders. The number of steps in the admission process was reduced from 50 to 10. We collected EDBT and EDTAO for all patients admitted to the internal medicine service before and after intervention using a simple interrupted time-series design.RESULTS: The study involved a total of 9604 admissions to one of three inpatient destinations (general medicine ward, telemetry or intensive care unit). The overall EDBT decreased from 360 min in the preintervention period to 270 min in phase 4 (p<0.001). The overall time to admission orders decreased from 210 min in the preintervention period to 75 min in phase 4 (p<0.001) overall. However, no improvements were noted in EDBT for telemetry or ICU patients.CONCLUSIONS: Institution of a rapid admission protocol successfully reduced overall EDBT at our institution, although few gains were noted for patients with a telemetry or ICU destination. In total, the intervention saved 27 884 h, or 1161 emergency department patient-days, over the course of a single year.
|
['Appointments and Schedules', 'Clinical Protocols', 'Efficiency, Organizational', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Hospitals, Public', 'Humans', 'Internal Medicine', 'Organizational Innovation', 'Patient Admission', 'Patient Care Team', 'Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Texas', 'Time Factors']
| 20,142,408
|
[['N04.452.095'], ['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['N04.452.209.500'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['N02.278.421.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429'], ['N04.452.610'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['N04.590.715'], ['N04.761.559.650', 'N05.715.360.575.625'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The perversions in analysis.
|
The perversions are initially defined as sexual behaviours which in our culture are generally regarded as corrupt, fearful, and forbidden. The effect of this attitude upon the way they are handled in analysis is considered, and the work of the late German psychoanalyst, Fritz Morgenthaler, is cited as presenting a way of integrating the perversions into analytic treatment. Two cases are cited from the literature which demonstrate both the validity of Morgenthaler's approach and the necessity of moving beyond it. Jungian psychological concepts provide the machinery for doing this. The combination of Morgenthaler's and Jung's ideas suggests a way of dealing with perversions in analysis, of which the author is currently making use in several cases, which are then summarised.
|
['Fantasy', 'Humans', 'Jungian Theory', 'Paraphilic Disorders', 'Psychoanalytic Theory', 'Psychoanalytic Therapy', 'Psychosexual Development']
| 2,808,128
|
[['F01.393.351', 'F02.463.188.634.507'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.739.794.471'], ['F03.657'], ['F02.739.794'], ['F04.754.709'], ['F01.752.747.722', 'F02.739.794.793']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Effects of lipopolysaccharide pretreatment on endotoxin tolerance of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pretreatment on endotoxin tolerance of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) and its possible mechanism.METHODS: hUCMSCs (1?10(4) cells/well) were exposed to 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0 µg/ml LPS for 24 h respectively. And the cell viability of hUCMSCs was detected by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). 1 µg/ml and 50.0 µg/ml LPS were used as pretreatment and apoptosis induction concentrations respectively. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) (20 µmol/L, pretreatment for 20 min) was used as a specific inhibitor of nuclear transcription factor NF-êB. hUCMSCs were randomly divided by Stata software into 7 groups: control (A), LPS induction (B), pretreatment + LPS induction (C), PDTC (D), PDTC+ pretreatment + LPS induction (E), pretreatment (F) and PDTC + pretreatment (G). The apoptosis of hUCMSCs was measured by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry (FCM). The expressions of NF-êB p65 and cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) were measured by Western blot.RESULTS: The cell viability of 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0 µg/ml LPS groups were 100%, (117.0 ± 8.8)%, (134.7 ± 6.9)%, (105.3 ± 8.3)%, (99.2 ± 8.3)%, (84.2 ± 9.3)%, (66.4 ± 6.6)% and (59.2 ± 8.0)% respectively. In comparison with 0 µg/ml LPS group, the cell viability of 1.0 µg/ml LPS group increased significantly (P = 0.004) while decreased in 40 and 50 µg/ml LPS groups (P = 0.005, 0.002). Hoechst 33258 staining indicated that chromatin of hUCMSCs was distributed evenly in group A; the apoptotic cell in group B dramatically increased; and the apoptotic cell in group C significantly decreased in comparison with that in group B. Apoptotic rates of groups A, B, C, D and E were (2.8 ± 0.8)%, (29.7 ± 3.4)%, (17.8 ± 3.0)%, (2.9 ± 0.4)% and (23.2 ± 2.6)% respectively. Compared with group A, apoptosis rate significantly increased in group B (P < 0.001). The apoptotic rate in group C significantly decreased than that in group B (P < 0.001) while group E was higher than group C (P = 0.015). The levels of NF-êB p65 and c-FLIP in group F (0.851 ± 0.031, 0.534 ± 0.053) was higher than that in group A (0.220 ± 0.021, 0.049 ± 0.009) (both P < 0.001), G (0.418 ± 0.007, 0.299 ± 0.061) (P < 0.001, P = 0.007).CONCLUSIONS: LPS pretreatment can resist LPS-induced hUCMSCs apoptosis and enhance the ability of endotoxin tolerance. And the mechanism may be related with activating the NF-êB signaling pathway and up-regulating the expression of c-FLIP.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endotoxins', 'Humans', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'NF-kappa B', 'Signal Transduction', 'Umbilical Cord']
| 24,854,919
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D23.946.123.329'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A16.378.693']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Septuagenarians and Older Patients are at a Higher Risk of Mortality with Adrenal Metastasectomy: An Analysis of the HCUP-NIS Database From 1992 to 2011.
|
INTRODUCTION: Small institutional studies have shown that adrenalectomy to remove solitary metastases to the adrenal gland is safe and can improve overall survival for selective primary tumors. However, outcomes of adrenal metastasectomy have not been evaluated using large, national databases.MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cases of adrenal metastasectomies from 1992 to 2011 were identified in the HCUP-NIS database. The primary endpoint analyzed was death during the same hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS), blood loss requiring transfusion, surgical infection, cardiac complications, and respiratory complications. A sub-analysis of 428 patients stratified by primary tumor (where data were available) was also performed. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square, ANOVA, and logistic regression using Stata software, significance was set at p value of 0.05.RESULTS: A total of 2,057 cases of adrenal metastasectomies were identified. Median age of the patients was 62 ± 13.2 years (49.9 % men, 69.7 % Caucasian). Over the study period, there was a general increase in the number of cases performed and the number performed by minimally invasive approaches. There was also a decrease in LOS and number of deaths. However, age ?71 years predicted a significantly higher rate of mortality (OR = 6.0, CI 1.3-26.5) when controlled for race, procedure type, year of surgery, and primary tumor in multivariable analysis. This age group had a higher number of cardiac complications (5.4 %, p = 0.005) that potentially contributed to the higher mortality rate. In addition, there was no difference in surgical outcomes when stratified by primary tumor type for the entire cohort of patients.CONCLUSION: Adrenal metastasectomy is a safe procedure with decreasing same-hospitalization mortality from 1992 to 2011. However, age ?71 years is a significant risk factor for same-hospitalization mortality. This increased risk should be considered when discussing adrenal metastasectomy in this age population.
|
['Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Adrenalectomy', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Metastasectomy', 'Middle Aged', 'Time Factors']
| 27,142,624
|
[['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['E04.270.115'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E04.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reaction of 111Cd7-metallothionein with EDTA. A reappraisal.
|
The ligand substitution reaction of EDTA with Cd7-metallothionein (Cd7-MT) has been reinvestigated. NMR titration of the 111Cd-protein with EDTA showed that the ligand interacts preferentially and cooperatively with Cd2+ ions in the beta-domain cluster. NMR and ultrafiltration kinetic analysis of this reaction using 5.6 mM Cd2+ as 111Cd7-MT and 56 mM EDTA indicated that cadmium-EDTA formed less rapidly than 111Cd peak intensity declined. Spectrophotometric and gel filtration studies of the reaction with 20 microM Cd2+ as Cd7-MT with various concentrations of EDTA revealed biphasic kinetics with much larger rate constants than observed in the NMR experiments. The fraction of total ligand substitution occurring in each kinetic step varied with EDTA concentration. The EDTA concentration dependence of both kinetic steps was consistent with the initial formation of protein.EDTA adducts, followed by their breakdown into products. Kinetic measurements were also made for the reactions of the isolated Cd4-alpha- and Cd3-beta-domains with EDTA. The Cd4 domain reacted with EDTA with biphasic kinetics, in which one Cd2+ was removed rapidly with first-order kinetics, which were zero-order in EDTA. The other three reacted with kinetics like those for the slower step of the holoprotein. Cd3-beta reacted with EDTA like the faster rate process associated with the Cd7-protein. The observed rate constants for the reaction of Cd7-metallothionein with EDTA and the fraction of reaction in the faster rate process were sensitive to protein concentration. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the monomer-dimer equilibrium of the protein controls its kinetic reactivity with EDTA.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Cadmium', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Edetic Acid', 'Isotopes', 'Kinetics', 'Liver', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Metallothionein', 'Protein Conformation', 'Rabbits', 'Zinc']
| 7,890,646
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['D01.496'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D12.776.556.670'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of oral mucositis on oral-health-related quality of life of patients diagnosed with cancer.
|
INTRODUCTION: Oral mucositis (OM) has been described as the oral complication most frequently associated with antineoplastic therapy. However, the influence on the quality of life of affected patients is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of OM on the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients diagnosed with cancer, who developed chemotherapy- and/or radiotherapy-induced OM.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional evaluation of QoL using oral health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14). The study group comprised a sample of 60 patients diagnosed with cancer, who developed OM during the treatment. The instrument (OHIP-14) composed of seven dimensions was used: functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical deficiency, psychological deficiency, social incapacity, and deficiency.RESULTS: The internal consistency of OHIP-14 measured by the Cronbach's á coefficient was of 0.76. Physical pain attained the highest score (worst quality of life) among the studied dimensions 60.8% (292/480), followed by physical limitation 52.7% (253/480), and psychological discomfort 50.8% (244/480). The dimension 'social limitation' obtained the lowest score 27.2% (131/480). There was statistically significant difference as regards gender (P = 0.021) for physical pain, with greater impact among patients of the male gender.CONCLUSION: Oral-health-related quality of life is significantly affected by OM in individuals diagnosed with cancer.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Oral Health', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement', 'Quality of Life', 'Sickness Impact Profile', 'Stomatitis', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 25,345,344
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['N01.400.535'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.730', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.730', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.730'], ['C07.465.864'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Switching radical stability by pH-induced orbital conversion.
|
In most radicals the singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) is the highest-energy occupied molecular orbital (HOMO); however, in a small number of reported compounds this is not the case. In the present work we expand significantly the scope of this phenomenon, known as SOMO-HOMO energy-level conversion, by showing that it occurs in virtually any distonic radical anion that contains a sufficiently stabilized radical (aminoxyl, peroxyl, aminyl) non-ð-conjugated with a negative charge (carboxylate, phosphate, sulfate). Moreover, regular orbital order is restored on protonation of the anionic fragment, and hence the orbital configuration can be switched by pH. Most importantly, our theoretical and experimental results reveal a dramatically higher radical stability and proton acidity of such distonic radical anions. Changing radical stability by 3-4 orders of magnitude using pH-induced orbital conversion opens a variety of attractive industrial applications, including pH-switchable nitroxide-mediated polymerization, and it might be exploited in nature.
|
['Free Radicals', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Industry', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Protons', 'Thermodynamics']
| 23,695,628
|
[['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['G02.300'], ['J01.576'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D02'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Investigations on the intestinal availability of native thiamin in selected foods and feedstuffs.
|
The aim of the present study was to investigate the precaecal digestibility as a quantitative measure for the intestinal availability of naturally occurring thiamin from selected foods and feedstuffs. Therefore, three experiments were conducted to examine the following foods and feedstuffs: Eggs, bananas, white cabbage, corn, milk, fish, barley, soybeans, rice, wheat bran, brewer's yeast, rye and soybean meal. The foods and food processing procedures were made with regard to their relevance in human and animal nutrition. For all experiments male pigs with an initial live weight between 33 and 40 kg were fitted with an end-to-end ileo-rectal anastomosis with preserved ileo-caeco-colicvalve. Three weeks after surgery, the digestibility trials were carried out from week 4 to week 9 and week 12 to week 17 after surgery. The animals were fed the individual experimental diets for a period of 12 days while digesta were collected twice a day quantitatively during the final 5 days of this period. Precaecal digestibility for thiamin from all tested foods and feedstuffs was within a range from 73% to 94% with the highest values from boiled soybeans, boiled rice and barley, and the lowest value from steamed fish. In comparison with the animal products the plant products show on average a nearly equal precaecal digestibility for thiamin (87.3% versus 83.5%). Moreover, all tested foods and feedstuffs exhibit a relatively good intestinal availability of thiamin.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Biological Availability', 'Digestion', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Male', 'Swine', 'Thiamine']
| 10,654,161
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['G07.203.650.250', 'G10.261.190'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D02.886.675.900', 'D03.383.129.708.900', 'D03.383.742.795']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The low weight of the prostate is an independent risk factor for positive surgical margins on radical prostatectomy specimens].
|
OBJECTIVE: The presence of positive surgical margins (PSM) on radical prostatectomy specimen is predictive of biological recurrence. Our objective was to analyze the influence of prostate weight on surgical margins status after radical prostatectomy.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cohort of 295 patients operated consecutively between 1998 and 2004 at our institution was prospectively studied. The variables significantly associated with the surgical margins status in univariate analysis were used for multivariate analysis.RESULTS: The overall rate of PSM was 23% (9% for pT2 patients). Parameters significantly associated with surgical margins status were preoperative PSA (p = 0.02), number of positive biopsy cores (p = 0.04), pathological stage (p < 0. 001), and Gleason score on radical prostatectomy specimen (p < 0. 001). In addition, patient age and surgical specimen weight were conversely associated with surgical margins status (p = 0.008 and p = 0.001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, only three parameters were found to be independent factors of PSM: the pathological stage (p < 0. 001), the patient age (p = 0. 02), and the surgical specimen weight (p = 0.02). PSM rates were 6% and 25% in patients with prostate > 70g and < 70g, respectively (p = 0.008), and 15% and 28% in those with prostate weight > or = 50g and < 50g, respectively (p = 0.015).CONCLUSION: Low prostate weight is an independent risk factor of PSM. Patients with prostate weight > or = 70g should be considered at low risk of PSM, while those with prostate weight < 50g are at high risk of PSM.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Cohort Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplasm, Residual', 'Organ Size', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prostate', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Risk Factors']
| 17,489,319
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.697.700', 'C23.550.727.700'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Differences in lumbar motor neuron pruning in an animal model of early onset spasticity.
|
Motor neuron (MN) development in early onset spasticity is poorly understood. For example, spastic cerebral palsy (sCP), the most common motor disability of childhood, is poorly predicted by brain imaging, yet research remains focused on the brain. By contrast, MNs, via the motor unit and neurotransmitter signaling, are the target of most therapeutic spasticity treatments and are the final common output of motor control. MN development in sCP is a critical knowledge gap, because the late embryonic and postnatal periods are not only when the supposed brain injury occurs but also are critical times for spinal cord neuromotor development. Using an animal model of early onset spasticity [ spa mouse (B6.Cg- Glrbspa/J) with a glycine (Gly) receptor mutation], we hypothesized that removal of effective glycinergic neurotransmitter inputs to MNs during development will influence MN pruning (including primary dendrites) and MN size. Spa (Glrb-/-) and wild-type (Glrb+/+) mice, ages 4-9 wk, underwent unilateral retrograde labeling of the tibialis anterior muscle MNs via peroneal nerve dip in tetramethylrhodamine. After 3 days, mice were euthanized and perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde, and the spinal cord was excised and processed for confocal imaging. Spa mice had ~61% fewer lumbar tibialis anterior MNs ( P < 0.01), disproportionately affecting larger MNs. Additionally, a ~23% reduction in tibialis anterior MN somal surface area ( P < 0.01) and a 12% increase in primary dendrites ( P = 0.046) were observed. Thus MN pruning and MN somal surface area are abnormal in early onset spasticity. Fewer and smaller MNs may contribute to the spastic phenotype. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Motor neuron (MN) development in early onset spasticity is poorly understood. In an animal model of early onset spasticity, spa mice, we found ~61% fewer lumbar tibialis anterior MNs compared with controls. This MN loss disproportionately affected larger MNs. Thus number and heterogeneity of the MN pool are decreased in spa mice, likely contributing to the spastic phenotype.
|
['Animals', 'Cerebral Palsy', 'Dendrites', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Lumbosacral Region', 'Male', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Receptors, Glycine', 'Spinal Cord', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 29,718,808
|
[['B01.050'], ['C10.228.140.140.254'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A01.923.176.519'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.781', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.781', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.781', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.200', 'D12.776.543.750.130.625', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.470'], ['A08.186.854'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
DNA binding activity of the Arabidopsis G-box binding factor GBF1 is stimulated by phosphorylation by casein kinase II from broccoli.
|
To study the phosphorylation of one of the G-box binding factors from Arabidopsis (GBF1), we have obtained large amounts of this protein by expression in Escherichia coli. Bacterial GBF1 was shown to be phosphorylated very efficiently by nuclear extracts from broccoli. The phosphorylation activity was partially purified by chromatography on heparin-Sepharose and DEAE-cellulose and was characterized. It showed the essential features of casein kinase II activity: utilization of GTP in addition to ATP as a phosphate donor, strong inhibition by heparin, preference for acidic protein substrates, salt-induced binding to phosphocellulose, and salt-dependent deaggregation. The very low Km value for GBF1 (220 nM compared to approximately 10 microM for casein) was in the range observed for identified physiological substrates of casein kinase II. Phosphorylation of GBF1 resulted in stimulation of the G-box binding activity and formation of a slower migrating protein-DNA complex. The conditions of this stimulatory reaction fully corresponded to the properties of casein kinase II, in particular its dependence on the known phosphate donors. The DNA binding activity of the endogenous plant GBF was shown to be reduced by treatment with calf alkaline phosphatase; this reduction was diminished by addition of fluoride and phosphate or incubation in the presence of casein kinase II and ATP.
|
['Brassica', 'Casein Kinase II', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Magnesium', 'Manganese', 'Nucleotides', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Plants', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid']
| 1,525,562
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.140.600', 'D12.776.476.150.600'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['D01.268.556.484', 'D01.268.956.374', 'D01.552.544.484'], ['D09.408.620', 'D13.695'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['B01.650'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Solubilization of human spermatozoa and antigen isolation responsable for agglutination.
|
Spermatozoa were solubilized by cleaving the disulphide bonds with dithioerythrol and protecting the weak antigen responsable for spermagglutination with Na-dodecylsulphate. The fact that spermagglutinating activity could still be absorbed from female sera by solubilized spermatozoa indicates that the antigen has not been destroyed by the applied procedure. By gelelectrophoresis four fractions could be separated. Antibody fraction from four sera and three cervical mucus samples of women with humoral spermagglutinating antibody--activity were used as indicator antbodies in crossed immunoelectrophoresis of solubilized spermatozoa. As negative controls served four sera and two cervical mucus samples. A precipitation line could only be detected in positive cases. The second spermfraction of gel-electrophoresis was found to contain the antigen reacting with the known antibodies from the applied FD-positive sera and cervical mucus samples.
|
['Antibodies', 'Antigens', 'Cervix Mucus', 'Dithioerythritol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoelectrophoresis', 'Infertility, Female', 'Male', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate', 'Solubility', 'Sperm Agglutination', 'Spermatozoa']
| 1,224,038
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['D23.050'], ['A12.200.503.339'], ['D02.033.800.175', 'D02.886.740.149', 'D09.853.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.196.401.568', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.301.300.568', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350.350'], ['C13.351.500.365.700'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720'], ['G02.805'], ['G12.122.100.700'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) after epidemic keratoconjunctivitis].
|
BACKGROUND: Persistent and recurrent nummuli after epidemic keratokonjunktivitis (EKC) often lead to reduced visual acuity and increased glare. In spite of long-term topical steroid therapy nummuli often recur. We tried to treat persistent nummuli with phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK).PATIENTS: PTK with an excimer laser (193 nm) was performed in 13 eyes of 9 patients with nummuli. The nummuli were observed over 3-72 months (mean: 36 months). Preoperatively, the visual acuity was 0.1-0.9 (mean: 0.39 +/- 0.22) and the brightness acuity test (BAT) was 0.05-0.5 (mean: 0.25 +/- 0.15). Prior to PTK all eyes had been treated with local steroids several times for recurrent nummuli.RESULTS: During the follow-up from 15 to 56 months (mean: 33 +/- 11.5 ms), 11 eyes had an increase in visual acuity: 0.3-1.0 (mean: 0.63 +/- 0.26). The reduction of glare was especially beneficial for the patients: 0.3-0.9 (mean: 0.55 +/- 0.21). One patient had a recurrence of nummuli in both eyes 6 weeks after PTK. The subjective-induced spheric refractive change was -2.5 D to +2.0 D. The astigmatic error changed between -2.0 D to +1.5 D.CONCLUSION: PTK seems to be an effective method of treating persistent, recurrent nummuli after EKC. The low rate of recurrence of nummuli after PTK is remarkable.
|
['Adenovirus Infections, Human', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Keratoconjunctivitis', 'Lasers, Excimer', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Photorefractive Keratectomy', 'Recurrence', 'Reoperation', 'Visual Acuity']
| 10,095,355
|
[['C01.925.256.076.045'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.187.183.394', 'C11.204.564.585'], ['E07.632.490.244', 'E07.710.520.244'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.594.480.875', 'E04.014.520.480.875', 'E04.378.500.875', 'E04.540.825.437.500'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E04.690'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
False-Positive Results for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy.
|
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy has been a major advancement in cancer therapeutics. Reprogramming of T cells is achieved by using gammaretroviral or lentiviral vectors, which may interfere with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT). Here, we describe three clinical scenarios in which CAR T cell immunotherapy interfered with HIV-1 testing, including (i) routine infectious disease screening prior to stem cell transplantation in a 16-year-old female with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, post CAR T cell treatment; (ii) routine infectious disease screening prior to second CAR T cell collection in a 65-year-old male with diffuse large B cell lymphoma who failed initial CAR T cell treatment; and (iii) routine infectious risk assessment following an occupational health exposure from a 58-year-old male with multiple myeloma, who received CAR T cell treatment. In each case, patients initially tested negative by the "fourth-generation" HIV-1 screening enzyme immunoassay (targeting the p24 antigen and anti-HIV-1 antibodies), but positive by the Roche Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 test v2.0 (targeting gag and the long terminal repeat [LTR]). These samples subsequently retested negative using the Abbott m2000 RealTime HIV-1 assay, which targets the integrase gene. These results indicated that cross-reactions between lentiviral vectors and LTR genomes targeted in the HIV-1 NAAT caused the HIV-1 NAAT false-positive results.
|
['Adolescent', 'Aged', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Immunotherapy, Adoptive', 'Male', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'RNA, Viral', 'Receptors, Chimeric Antigen', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Viral Load']
| 31,694,968
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.330.050.400', 'E05.478.550.520.050.400'], ['E05.393.620'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['D12.776.543.750.655.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.150', 'D12.776.826.387.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cephalometric landmark identification consistency between undergraduate dental students and orthodontic residents in 3-dimensional rendered cone-beam computed tomography images: A preliminary study.
|
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare 3-dimensional landmark consistency and precision in skeletal structures in groups with different levels of experience with 2-dimensional cephalometrics.METHODS: Sixteen observers, all undergraduate or graduate students, were divided into 4 groups with different levels of experience in 2-dimensional landmarking and no previous experience in 3 dimensions. Group 1 consisted of 4 third-year dental students with no experience in cephalometric landmarking. Groups 2, 3, and 4 consisted of first-, second-, and third-year graduate students, with increasing levels of experience. The participants located 18 landmarks in 12 surface models of cone-beam computed tomography scans of patients on 3 separate occasions. The average of all examiners locating each landmark was defined as the centroid. The mean of the distances of each located point to the centroid of that landmark was used as the mean consistency (MC), and the standard deviation (SD) was used as the precision. Analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey comparisons between groups were done.RESULTS: The MC and SD values across landmarks, patients, and examiners were 1.03 ± 1.14 mm. The MC and SD were 0.89 ± 0.83 mm for group 1 with no experience, 1.02 ± 0.95 mm for group 2, 1.17 ± 1.60 mm for group 3, and 1.05 ± 1.00 mm for group 4. Significant differences were found among the groups.CONCLUSIONS: Comparing the observer groups studied, the undergraduate dental school students without previous experience in bidimensional cephalometrics obtained the best values in volumetric landmark location. Graduate students with increasing amounts of experience did not perform as well. These results and conclusions should be interpreted with caution because the number of subjects in each group was small.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anatomic Landmarks', 'Cephalometry', 'Child', 'Cone-Beam Computed Tomography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Internship and Residency', 'Male', 'Observer Variation', 'Orthodontics', 'Students, Dental']
| 28,024,771
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A01.111'], ['E01.370.600.024.250', 'E05.041.250', 'N06.850.505.200.100.300'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.490', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E06.658', 'H02.163.876.439'], ['M01.848.769.519']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A brief screening tool for a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype.
|
OBJECTIVE: Although there has recently been increased interest in child mania, there is as yet no brief screening tool that separates a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most relevant differential diagnosis.METHOD: Parents of 268 consecutively ascertained subjects (93 with a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype, 81 with ADHD, 94 in a healthy comparison group) completed the 10-item Conners' Abbreviated Parent Questionnaire, before separate Washington University in St. Louis Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia interviews of parents and children. Data from the Conners' Abbreviated Parent Questionnaire were analyzed by using receiver operating characteristic methods.RESULTS: A screening algorithm that yielded a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specificity of 0.86 was developed from the Conners' Abbreviated Parent Questionnaire.CONCLUSIONS: The Conners' Abbreviated Parent Questionnaire is a promising tool as a screen for a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype and has similar sensitivity and specificity to screening tools for adult bipolar disorder.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Algorithms', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Child', 'Comorbidity', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Parents', 'Phenotype', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychometrics', 'ROC Curve', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 15,930,075
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['F03.084.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['G05.695'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Anemia, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and erythropoietin levels in children with acute, complicated and uncomplicated malignant malaria in Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
|
To gain insight into potential relationships between tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 10 (IL-10), erythropoietin (EPO), and anemia in acute malaria, 90 children 3 to 11 years with acute malaria were studied. According to parasitemia and hemoglobin levels, they were divided into 3 groups: G1 (mild): asexual low-density Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia <8000 parasites/ul and hemoglobin levels >8g/dl. G2 (high-density uncomplicated): asexual high-density parasitemia (>8000 parasites/ul, with hemoglobin levels >8 g/dl. G3 (anemia): with severe malaria symptoms and parasitemia with anemia (hemoglobin levels <8 g/dl). Hospital controls included 10 children with matching age group who required inpatient management but had no malaria parasitemia. Good marrow response was in G1 & G2 showed by elevation of serum EPO and soluble transferring receptors (sTfR) and increased red cell distribution width (RDW). In G3, bone marrow suppression was in spite of increased EPO level in response to anemia. TNF-alpha level was significantly higher G2 and G3 (P.05). IL-10 levels in G1 were significantly higher than in hospital control group (P<0.05). The highest level of IL-10 was in G2. The mean IL-10 to TNF-alpha ratio in G2 (4.64) was significantly higher (P<.005) than in G3 (mean ratio, 1.77).
|
['Anemia', 'Animals', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Erythropoietin', 'Female', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-10', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Male', 'Parasitemia', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Saudi Arabia', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 18,853,611
|
[['C15.378.071'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150', 'D12.776.395.240.150', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['C01.610.695', 'C23.550.470.790.500.580'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['Z01.252.245.500.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Gene stage-specific expression in the microenvironment of pediatric myelodysplastic syndromes.
|
Using cDNA microarray assays we have observed a clear difference in the gene expression pattern between bone marrow stromal cells obtained from healthy children (CT) and from pediatric patients with either myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with MDS (MDS-AML). The global gene function profiling analysis indicated that in the pediatric MDS microenvironment the disease stages may be characterized mainly by underexpression of genes associated with biological processes such as transport. Furthermore, a subset of downregulated genes related to endocytosis and protein secretion was able to discriminate MDS from MDS-AML.
|
['Bone Marrow', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'Myelodysplastic Syndromes', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Stromal Cells']
| 17,092,558
|
[['A15.382.216'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['C15.378.190.625'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A11.329.830']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Neuromuscular hamartoma of the internal auditory canal.
|
We describe the clinical presentation and surgical findings of a 42-year-old man who was found to have a unilateral sensorineural deafness due to a hamartoma of the internal auditory canal.
|
['Adult', 'Deafness', 'Facial Nerve', 'Hamartoma', 'Humans', 'Labyrinth Diseases', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Neuromuscular Diseases', 'Temporal Bone']
| 8,891,491
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C09.218.458.341.186', 'C10.597.751.418.341.186', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.186'], ['A08.800.050.050.275', 'A08.800.050.600.149', 'A08.800.800.060.275', 'A08.800.800.120.250'], ['C04.445'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C09.218.568'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10.668'], ['A02.835.232.781.885']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Salmonella thyroiditis, apathetic thyrotoxicosis, and follicular carcinoma in a Laotian woman.
|
A 49-year-old Laotian woman presented with apathetic hyperthyroidism and suppurative thyroiditis from Salmonella cholerae-suis occurring in a multinodular gland with a large right-sided mass. Apathetic hyperthyroidism in this age group is uncommon and Salmonella thyroiditis has been infrequently described. Surgical removal of the mass which had effectively concentrated radioactive iodine cured the hyperthyroidism and permitted the remaining suppressed normal tissue to regain function. Pathologic evaluation of the functioning mass demonstrated nearly total replacement of normal thyroid tissue by follicular carcinoma. No clear evidence of metastatic disease was present. Thyrotoxicosis from follicular carcinoma of the thyroid not resulting from metastases has not been previously described.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperthyroidism', 'Middle Aged', 'Salmonella Infections', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Thyroiditis']
| 7,139,541
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.874.397'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['C19.874.871']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fast generation of stereolithographic models.
|
In this paper we present a work-in-progress method for fast and efficient generation of stereolithographic models. The overall approach is embedded in our general software framework Julius, which runs on high-end-graphic systems as well as on low-level PCs. The design of the support structures needed for the stereolithographic process will allow semiautomatic generation of the model. We did produce support structures for stereolithographic models with this fast data processing pipeline and will show future perspectives in this paper.
|
['Computer Graphics', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Mandible', 'Software', 'Surgery, Computer-Assisted']
| 12,451,779
|
[['L01.224.108', 'L01.296.110'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['L01.224.900'], ['E04.749']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of green tea catechins in a rat multi-organ carcinogenesis model.
|
The effects of dietary administration of green tea catechins (GTC) were examined using a multi-organ carcinogenesis model. Groups of 15 F344 male rats were initially treated with a single i.p. administration of 100 mg/kg body wt N-diethyl-nitrosamine, 4 i.p. administrations of 20 mg/kg body wt N-methylnitrosourea, 4 s.c. doses of 40 mg/kg body wt 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, together with 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine for 2 weeks and then 0.1% 2,2'-dihydroxy-di-n-propylnitrosamine for 2 weeks, both in the drinking water, for a total initiation period of 4 weeks. GTC in the diet, at doses of 1.0 or 0.1%, was administered from 1 day before and during carcinogen exposure, after carcinogen exposure or both during and after carcinogen exposure. Further groups of animals were treated with carcinogen, 1% GTC or basal diet alone as controls. All animals were killed at the end of week 36, and all major organs examined histopathologically. The numbers of small intestinal tumors (adenomas and carcinomas) per rat were significantly reduced in the groups treated with 1% GTC during (0.13 +/- 0.35) and after carcinogen exposure (0.31 +/- 0.48) and in those receiving 1% and 0.1% GTC both during and after carcinogen exposure (0.14 +/- 0.36, 0.46 +/- 0.97 respectively) as compared with the carcinogen alone group (1.07 +/- 1.21). On the other hand, numbers of glutathione S-transferase placental form positive liver foci per cm2 were slightly but significantly increased in the groups treated with 1 and 0.1% GTC during carcinogen exposure, 1% GTC after carcinogen exposure and 1% GTC both during and after carcinogen exposure. The results indicated that while GTC inhibits small intestinal carcinogenesis it slightly enhances hepatocarcinogenesis in a dose dependent manner when applied both during and after carcinogen exposure.
|
['1,2-Dimethylhydrazine', 'Adenoma', 'Animals', 'Anticarcinogenic Agents', 'Body Weight', 'Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine', 'Carcinogenicity Tests', 'Catechin', 'Cocarcinogenesis', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Dimethylhydrazines', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Intestinal Neoplasms', 'Intestine, Small', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Liver Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344']
| 8,353,840
|
[['D02.442.600.400.200'], ['C04.557.470.035'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.706.018', 'D27.505.954.248.125', 'D27.720.799.018'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D02.654.442.100'], ['E05.940.150'], ['D03.383.663.283.240.190', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.206', 'D03.633.100.150.240.190', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.206'], ['C04.697.098.875', 'C23.550.727.098.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['D02.442.600.400'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C04.588.274.476.411', 'C06.301.371.411', 'C06.405.249.411', 'C06.405.469.491'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.588.274.623.460', 'C04.619.540', 'C06.301.623.460', 'C06.552.697.580', 'E05.598.500.496.750'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High signal intensity on T2-weighted MR imaging at term-equivalent age in preterm infants does not predict 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DEHSI on T2-weighted MR imaging in preterm infants at term-equivalent age has been regarded as an unfavorable marker for neurodevelopmental outcome. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the presence and extent of DEHSI and neurodevelopmental outcomes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the MR images of 160 preterm infants at term-equivalent age. The presence of DEHSI was evaluated in separate regions and classified into 5 grades based on the extent of DEHSI. We also examined within those infants with DEHSI, whether typical signal-intensity characteristics of the posterior periventricular crossroads region were visible. Finally, ADC and FA values within the white matter were analyzed. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed at 2-year corrected age with a standardized neurologic examination and the BSID-II.RESULTS: The grade of DEHSI had significant linear trends with increasing ADC and a trend toward lower FA values. However, there was no relationship between the degree of DEHSI and 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes. In contrast, 13 infants with DEHSI who did not have visible posterior crossroads had poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes compared with infants with visible posterior crossroads.CONCLUSIONS: Although DEHSI may represent disturbances in white matter structure, as illustrated by its relationship to altered ADC and FA values, there is no relationship to short-term neurodevelopment outcome unless there are invisible posterior crossroads, representing a severe form of global high T2 signal intensity.
|
['Developmental Disabilities', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Premature Birth', 'Prognosis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 21,960,493
|
[['F03.625.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10'], ['C13.703.420.491.500'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antibiotic Utilization and Opportunities for Stewardship Among Hospitalized Patients With Influenza Respiratory Tract Infection.
|
OBJECTIVE: Hospitalized influenza patients are often treated with antibiotics empirically while awaiting final diagnosis. The goal of this study was to describe the inappropriate continuation of antibiotics for influenza respiratory tract infections (RTIs).DESIGN: We retrospectively studied adults admitted to our institution over 2 respiratory flu seasons with positive influenza RTIs. Inappropriate antibiotic duration (IAD) was defined as antibiotic use for >24 hours after a positive influenza test in patients presenting with <72 hours of RTI symptoms and with no other indications of bacterial infection.RESULTS: During the study period, 322 patients included in this study were admitted for influenza RTI. Respiratory cultures were ordered for 50 of these patients (15.5%) and 71 patients (22%) had a positive chest x-ray, but antibiotics were prescribed to 211 patients (65.5%) on admission. Antibiotics were inappropriately continued in 73 patients (34.5%). Patients receiving IAD had a longer length of stay (LOS) (median, 6 days; range, 4-9 days) compared with those whose antibiotics were discontinued appropriately (median, 5 days; range, 3-8 days) and those who were not treated with antibiotics (median, 4 days; range, 3-6 days; P<.001). However, mortality was similar among these 3 groups: 3 patients (4.1%) from the IAD cohort died; 6 patients (4.3%) from the group with an appropriate antibiotic duration died; and 2 patients [1.8%] from the group given no antibiotics died (P=.510). The 30-day readmission rates were similar as well: 9 patients (12.3%) from the IAD group were readmitted within 30 days; 21 patients (15.2%) from the group with appropriate antibiotic duration were readmitted; and 11 patients (9.9%) from the group given no antibiotics were readmitted (P=.455). Total hospital costs were greater in patients treated with IAD ($10,645; range, $6,485-$18,035) compared with the group treated with appropriate antibiotic duration ($7,479; range, $4,866-$12,922) and the group given no antibiotics $5,961 (range, $4,711-$9,575). Thus, the hospital experienced a median loss in net hospital revenue of $2,076 per IAD patient compared with a patient for which antibiotic duration was appropriate.CONCLUSION: The majority of patients with influenza RTI received antibiotics on admission, and 34.5% were inappropriately continued on antibiotics without evidence of bacterial infection, which led to increased LOS, loss of net revenue, and no improvement in outcome. Thus, stewardship initiatives aimed at this population are warranted.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Connecticut', 'Female', 'Hospital Costs', 'Humans', 'Inappropriate Prescribing', 'Influenza, Human', 'Length of Stay', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Respiratory Tract Infections', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 26,832,841
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.200'], ['N03.219.151.400.687', 'N03.219.262.500', 'N05.300.375.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.490', 'N02.421.450.500.249'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C01.748', 'C08.730'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of amendments of N, P, Fe on phytoextraction of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in soil of Zhangshi by mustard, cabbage, and sugar beet.
|
Soil contaminated with Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the Zhangshi irrigation area is very hard to be remediated. Phytoextraction is considered as an efficient method to remove these toxic metals from soil. In the present study, three vegetables including sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), mustard (Brassica juncea L.), and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata Linn.) were used to bioaccumulate heavy metals in soil through pots experiment for 90 days; and nutrient elements were applied to stimulate the phytoextraction of metals. Results of bioconcentration factors (BCF) and translocation factors (TF) from this study showed that these plants could phytoextract heavy metals, but the accumulation and translocation of metals differed with species of plants, categories of heavy metals, and some environmental conditions (e.g. nutrients). Meanwhile, the addition of nutrient elements, such as N, P, and Fe, could affect the phytoremediation of heavy metals via promoting the normal metabolism of vegetables or changing forms of metals. Results of this study could provide some available information for in-site bioremediation of soil from Zhangshi irrigation area.
|
['Beta vulgaris', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Brassica', 'Cadmium', 'Copper', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Lead', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Nitrogen', 'Phosphorus', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Zinc']
| 18,000,847
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.200.399'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D01.268.666'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Coexistence of dominant and recessive familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with the D90A Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase mutation within the same country.
|
The Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) mutations described in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have, for the most part, a dominant influence. However, while a few cases with a heterozygous D90A mutation have been described in different countries, D90A has been recently proven to be recessively inherited with a common founder effect in Scandinavia. We screened French ALS families for Cu,Zn SOD mutations. The presence of the D90A allele was found in two index-cases, and their families were subsequently studied. In the first family the ALS patients were homozygotes for D90A, while in the second, all ALS patients were heterozygotes. In both families the disease was found to initially involve the lower limbs with slower progression than in sporadic cases, and frequent atypical signs such as paresthesia and urgency of micturition. We determined the D90A allele frequency in controls (n = 200) and sporadic ALS patients (n = 408). No D90A allele was found. This is the first report of coexistence of dominant and recessive families with the D90A Cu,Zn SOD mutation within the same country.
|
['Adult', 'Alleles', 'Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis', 'Female', 'France', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Genes, Recessive', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree', 'Superoxide Dismutase']
| 10,809,943
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['C10.228.854.139', 'C10.574.562.250', 'C10.574.950.050', 'C10.668.467.250', 'C18.452.845.800.050'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.415', 'G05.420.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673'], ['D08.811.682.881']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
[Clinical studies in developing countries].
|
In general, clinical trials in developing countries are met with resistance because the people are particularly vulnerable and medical assistance is often unaffordable. The prospect of free medication can then lead to exploitation since the local population can be persuaded to participate in trials that would never be allowed in Western countries due to ethical concerns. Placebo-controlled research that tests cheaper alternatives for treatments already registered could greatly improve the situation in developing countries, however. Expensive registered treatments are often unavailable in these countries. Therefore, I call for allowing such studies when the registered treatment is locally unavailable. This should be based on the four most important principles of medical ethics: the duty to help patients, avoid harm, justice and respect for autonomy. On the condition, however, that the population in developing countries benefits in the long term.
|
['Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Developing Countries', 'Ethical Review', 'Ethics, Medical', 'Humans', 'Internationality', 'Therapeutic Human Experimentation']
| 23,985,240
|
[['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['K01.752.566.479.117', 'N05.350.250'], ['K01.752.566.479.171.132.750', 'N05.350.340.162.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615'], ['E05.445.875', 'H01.770.644.145.365.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative rupture of the ligamentum teres femoris.
|
We performed arthroscopic debridement for degenerative rupture of the ligamentum teres femoris in a patient and obtained good results. A 78-year-old woman suddenly developed intense load-bearing pain from the left lumbar to gluteal region, and giving way, without a definitive cause. At presentation, the range of motion of the left hip joint for external rotation was 0 degrees, showing restricted motion. When passive internal rotation was applied at 90 degrees of flexion, intense pain in the left gluteal region was induced. At the initial radiographic examination, there were no abnormal findings in the left hip joint. However, arthroscopic findings showed degeneration in the articular cartilage and labrum but no tear. In addition, degenerative rupture of the ligamentum teres femoris was observed and it was entrapped in the posterior joint space. Using a bipolar radiofrequency scalpel, the entrapped stump of the ligamentum teres was vaporized and excised. The restriction in external rotation of the hip joint observable even under anesthesia was resolved immediately after surgery. Two years after surgery, the patient had regained her preoperative walking ability with the aid of a T cane, and radiographic examination showed no coxarthrosis changes. This case indicates that coxalgia caused by degenerative rupture of the ligamentum teres femoris is also a good indication for arthroscopic debridement.
|
['Aged', 'Arthrography', 'Arthroscopy', 'Debridement', 'Female', 'Hip Joint', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Ligaments, Articular', 'Rupture, Spontaneous']
| 16,762,721
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.700.070'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['E04.176'], ['A02.835.583.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['A02.513.514', 'A02.835.583.512', 'A10.165.669.514'], ['C23.300.909']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence and clinical correlation of dysphagia in Parkinson disease: a study on Chinese patients.
|
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Dysphagia is relatively common in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and can have a negative impact on their quality of life; therefore, it is imperative that its prevalence in PD patients is studied. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and clinical correlation of dysphagia in Chinese PD patients.SUBJECTS/METHODS: We recruited 116 Chinese PD patients. A videofluoroscopic study of swallowing (VFSS) was used to identify dysphagia. Assessments, including water drinking test, relative motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms (NMS) and quality of life, were performed to analyze the risks of dysphagia.RESULTS: The prevalence of dysphagia was 87.1%. The comparison of demographic and clinical features between patients with and without dysphagia included sex, education level, disease course, Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Question 6, 7 of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS Part II), Hoehn-Yahr stage (H&Y), water drinking test, 39-item Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and Non-Motor Symptoms Quest (NMSQ). We found significant correlations between dysphagia and age. Using age, disease course, and H&Y stage as the independent variable in our regression analysis for assessing the risk factors of dysphagia in PD patients, age and H&Y stage displayed a strong correlation as the risk factors. The risk of dysphagia in elderly PD patients is 1.078 times greater than that of younger PD patients. Also, the risk of dysphagia in PD patients of a greater H&Y staging is 3.260 times greater than that of lower staging PD patients.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that dysphagia is common in Chinese PD patients. Older patients or those in higher H&Y stages are more likely to experience dysphagia. There is no correlation between dysphagia and PD duration.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'China', 'Deglutition', 'Deglutition Disorders', 'Disease Progression', 'Drinking', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Skills', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Photofluorography', 'Prevalence', 'Quality of Life', 'Risk Factors', 'Self Report', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Video Recording']
| 28,699,630
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G10.261.178'], ['C06.405.117.119', 'C09.775.174'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G07.203.650.283.249', 'G10.261.330.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.808.260'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['E01.370.350.600.625', 'E01.370.350.700.225.625'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Effect of bicarbonate and certain anions on NADP redox].
|
The paper deals with the intensity of NADPH formation in the isocytrate dehydrogenase reaction and NADPH oxidation in the lactate and malate dehydrogenase reactions. It is shown that bicarbonate, phosphate, acetate, chloride and triethanolamine buffer in concentrations of 1 . 10(-1) = 4 . 10(-1) M can inhibit these processes intensity. The inhibitory effect of the mentioned anions on the NADH-isocytrate dehydrogenase activity is considerably decreased when adding MnCl2 or MgCl2 to the incubation medium. Sucrose is established to inhibit the formation of NADPH in the isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction at 2 . 10(-1) M and higher.
|
['Anions', 'Bicarbonates', 'Isocitrate Dehydrogenase', 'Kinetics', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Malate Dehydrogenase', 'NADP', 'Oxidation-Reduction']
| 7,385,374
|
[['D01.248.497.158'], ['D01.200.275.150.100', 'D01.248.497.158.165.100'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.475'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.496'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Telling tales.
|
A carefully chosen story can help the leader of an organization translate an abstract concept into a meaningful mandate for employees. The key is to know which narrative strategies are right for what circumstances. Knowledge management expert Stephen Denning explains that, for optimal effect, form should follow function. Challenging one professional storyteller's view that more is better, Denning points out that it's not always desirable (or practical) to launch into an epic that's jam-packed with complex characters, cleverly placed plot points, an intricate rising action, and a neatly resolved denouement. True, if listeners have time and interest, a narrative-savvy leader can use a vividly rendered tale to promote communication between management and staff, for instance, or even to foster collaboration--especially when the story is emotionally moving. However, if the aim is to motivate people to act when they might not be inclined to do so, it's best to take an approach that's light on detail. Otherwise, the particulars can bog listeners down and prevent them from focusing on the message. Drawing on his experiences at the World Bank and observations made elsewhere, the author provides several dos and don'ts for organizational storytellers, along with examples of narratives that get results. The sidebar "A Storytelling Catalog" presents seven distinct types of stories, the situations in which they should be told, and tips on how to tell them. Many of these aren't even stories in the "well-told" sense--they run the rhetorical gamut from one-liners to full-blown speeches--but they succeed because they're tailored to fit the situation. So even though it's common in business to favor the analytical over the anecdotal, leaders with the strength to push past some initial skepticism about the enterprise of storytelling will find that the creative effort pays off.
|
['Cooperative Behavior', 'Efficiency, Organizational', 'Forecasting', 'Humans', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Knowledge', 'Leadership', 'Motivation', 'Narration', 'Organizational Culture', 'Organizational Innovation', 'Psychology, Industrial', 'Staff Development', 'United States']
| 15,146,741
|
[['F01.145.813.115'], ['N04.452.209.500'], ['I01.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['K01.468'], ['F01.752.609'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['E05.318.308.502', 'F01.145.209.459', 'L01.399.250.660', 'N05.715.360.300.480', 'N06.850.520.308.502'], ['N04.452.606'], ['N04.452.610'], ['F02.784.692', 'F04.096.628.779'], ['I02.574.700', 'N04.452.677.822'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Genetic variety of Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit for burn patients].
|
The genetic structure of A. baumannii hospital isolates, formed in the course of 2002 - 2004 in an intensive care unit for burn patients (St. Petersburg) was studied. The prolonged circulation of only some clonal strains was shown, 35% of the isolates belonged to dominating strains. Phenotypically, all cultures were characterized by resistance to the preparations of the cephalosporin row and gentamicin. The presence of class 1 integron with variable segment sized 2.5 kbp was found in the genotype of four isolates with the use the polymerase chain reaction. The restriction analysis revealed its similarity with integron, detected earlier (in 1989 - 2001 ) in A. baumannii in European hospitals abroad.
|
['Acinetobacter Infections', 'Acinetobacter baumannii', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Burn Units', 'Burns', 'Cephalosporins', 'Cross Infection', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genotype', 'Gentamicins', 'Humans', 'Integrons', 'Molecular Epidemiology', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Russia', 'Urban Population']
| 16,758,894
|
[['C01.150.252.400.560.022'], ['B03.440.400.425.537.050.099', 'B03.660.250.530.050.099'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['N02.278.388.493.160'], ['C26.200'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.380'], ['D09.408.051.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.330.200.500'], ['E05.318.416', 'E05.393.522', 'H01.158.201.636.475.500', 'H01.158.273.343.595.475.500', 'H01.181.122.650.475.550', 'H02.403.720.500.300', 'N06.850.520.470'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The Local Availability of Eye Care Providers and the Vision Health of Adults in the United States.
|
PURPOSE: To examine whether the local availabilities of ophthalmologists and optometrists were associated with outcomes related to the prevention and timely treatment of vision conditions.METHODS: Data on adults from the 2008 National Health Interview Survey were linked to county-level information on the numbers of ophthalmologists and optometrists per capita from the Area Health Resources File. Multivariate logistic regression models were estimated for whether individuals likely to perceive themselves as being at lower risk of vision conditions had undergone a dilated eye exam in the previous 2 years, whether individuals with diabetes had a dilated eye exam in the previous year, and whether individuals with an age-related eye disease (ARED) had lost vision due to the condition. The models included measures of local eye care provider availability and additional explanatory variables.RESULTS: The county-level availabilities of ophthalmologists and optometrists were positively and significantly related to the likelihood that perceived lower-risk individuals had undergone a dilated eye exam in the previous 2 years. Local eye care provider availability was not significantly related to whether individuals with diabetes had a dilated eye exam in the previous year. Greater county-level availability of ophthalmologists, but not optometrists, was associated with a significantly lower likelihood that individuals with an ARED had lost vision due to the condition.CONCLUSION: Public health interventions may be needed in order to increase access to preventive eye care in areas with limited overall eye care provider availability and to improve the treatment of vision conditions in areas with limited ophthalmologist availability.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Eye Diseases', 'Female', 'Health Resources', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ophthalmologists', 'Optometry', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 27,341,672
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C11'], ['N03.349.340', 'N05.300.420'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.485.810.705', 'N02.360.810.705'], ['H02.553'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Signal transduction pathways for epidermal growth factor stimulated cyclooxygenase-2 induction in astrocytes.
|
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) derived prostaglandins (PGs) are pathophysiological mediators in various disease states. Recently, we have demonstrated the rapid, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-dependent induction of COX-2 and PGE(2) synthesis in astrocytes following optic nerve injury and in culture. We have now investigated the signal transduction pathways activated by EGFR to accomplish the expression of COX-2 in primary optic nerve astrocytes. When astrocytes were exposed to EGF, marked, rapid gene expression of COX-2 was observed. Activation of EGFR caused an increase in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 MAPK (p38) and c-Jun NH (2)-terminal kinase (JNK). Furthermore, U0126, an ERK pathway inhibitor, and SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, diminished EGF-induced COX-2 expression; whereas, a JNK inhibitor did not suppress COX-2 expression by EGF. Using inhibitors of several other signaling cascades, we found that, unlike epithelial and cancer cells, NF-kappaB, PI 3-kinase/Akt and PKC were not signaling pathways for EGFR-dependent induction of COX-2 in optic nerve astrocytes. Taken together, these data suggest that ERK and p38 are key components of the intracellular signaling switch that transduces EGFR activation into COX-2 induction and PGE(2) biosynthesis in optic nerve astrocytes.
|
['Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Dinoprostone', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Optic Nerve', 'Phosphorylation', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction']
| 17,604,021
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impacts of temperature and crowding on sex ratio, fecundity and Wolbachia infection intensity in the copepod, Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides.
|
Wolbachia are a group of intracellular bacteria that cause reproductive alterations in arthropods. Here, we describe the effects of two environmental factors (crowding and temperature) on phenotypic expression of feminization, the host's fecundity and Wolbachia infection intensity among life cycle stages in the naturally Wolbachia-infected copepod, Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides. The copepod was first found to be co-infected with Wolbachia A- and B-supergroups Wolbachia strains based on wsp primers. The relative Wolbachia infection intensity within individuals was determined using quantitative real-time PCR and was significantly higher in the B-supergroup than in the A-supergroup. Experimental results of temperature effect on bacterial density in each developmental stage revealed a significant decrease in Wolbachia infection intensity following exposure to high temperature (37°C) in both sexes and implied that Wolbachia might survive in room temperature (25°C) better than in high temperature. Experimental results of crowding effects on Wolbachia infection intensity suggested a negative correlation between copepod nauplii and Wolbachia infection intensity. No effect of rearing temperature on the sex ratio was reported although the fecundity was significantly decreased by high temperature. The results showed that Wolbachia infection intensity to be correlated with crowding conditions and was decreased following exposure of elevated temperature.
|
['Animals', 'Copepoda', 'Female', 'Fertility', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Hot Temperature', 'Male', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sex Ratio', 'Wolbachia']
| 27,756,651
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.160'], ['G08.686.210'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['G05.815', 'I01.240.800.815', 'N01.224.803.815', 'N06.850.505.400.850.815'], ['B03.660.050.783.500.762']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Impaired baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity in type 1 diabetic mice (OVE26).
|
To investigate the effects of chronic diabetes on baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), OVE26 diabetic (transgenic mouse line which develops hyperglycemia within the first 3 weeks after birth) and FVB control mice 5-6 months old were studied. Under anesthesia, RSNA in response to sodium nitroprusside (SNP)- and phenylephrine (PE)-induced mean arterial pressure changes (DeltaMAP) were measured. Baroreflex-induced inhibition of RSNA during PE infusion was characterized using the sigmoid logistic function curve. Baroreflex-induced excitation of RSNA during SNP infusion was characterized by the RSNA vs. DeltaMAP relationship. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses to the left aortic depressor nerve (ADN) stimulation were evaluated. Compared to FVB control, we found in OVE26 mice that (1) RSNA in response to MAP increase during PE infusion was dramatically reduced, as characterized by the maximal gain of the RSNA sigmoid logistic function curve (FVB: -20.0+/-5.1; OVE26: -7.6+/-0.8%/mm Hg, P<0.05); (2) RSNA in response to MAP decrease during SNP infusion was also attenuated (P<0.05); (3) MAP responses to ADN stimulation were reduced (P<0.05). We concluded that chronic diabetes impairs baroreflex control of RSNA in OVE26 diabetic mice. The use of the transgenic OVE26 diabetic mouse model may underlie a foundation for the further understanding of diabetes-induced autonomic neuropathy.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Baroreflex', 'Blood Pressure', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Kidney', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Nitroprusside', 'Phenylephrine', 'Sympathetic Nervous System']
| 19,303,918
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['G09.330.380.057', 'G11.561.731.063'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['E05.723.402'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D01.248.497.158.291.350.550', 'D01.490.100.300.550', 'D01.625.400.100.325.550'], ['D02.033.100.291.617', 'D02.092.063.291.617'], ['A08.800.050.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MR findings in mannosidosis.
|
MR findings are reported in three patients presenting mannosidosis. Among a family of 8 children, 4 presented typical clinical and biological abnormalities related to mannosidosis. Brain MR examinations including sagittal T1 and axial T2 sections were obtained in three patients of this family (one 25-year-old male, one 34-year-old female, and one 35-year-old female). MR scans demonstrate seven types of modifications: (1) brachycephaly, (2) thick calvaria, (3) verticalization of the chiasmatic sulcus, (4) poor pneumatization of the sphenoid body, (5) partial empty sella turcica (6) cerebellar atrophy, and (7) white matter signal modifications. High signal abnormalities involving the parieto-occipital white matter are identified on axial T2-weighted scans in the three patients and are probably related to demyelination and associated gliosis as described previously by several authors on specimens.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Skull', 'alpha-Mannosidosis']
| 2,287,376
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['C16.320.565.202.607.500', 'C16.320.565.595.577.500', 'C18.452.648.202.607.500', 'C18.452.648.595.577.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Does noninvasive ventilation reduce the ICU nosocomial infection risk? A prospective clinical survey.
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the nosocomial infection (NI) distribution in ventilated patients of a single intensive care unit (ICU) according to the kind of control of the upper airways: noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) versus endotracheal intubation (ETI).SETTING: ICU of a general hospital.DESIGN: Prospective clinical and epidemiologic survey.PATIENTS: In the period December 1994-March 1997, 761 patients were included who needed mechanical ventilation for more than 48 h: 129 were ventilated by NPPV (NPPV group), 607 were intubated (ETI group) and 25 required intubation after a period of NPPV (NPPV-ETI group).MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The data used were prospectively collected according to the NI epidemiologic surveillance protocol of "C. CLIN Sud Est, R?a Sud Est", France. NI included a ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-related infection, urinary tract infection and bacteremia. Occurrence of NI was estimated by the density of incidence. Covariate-adjusted NI and VAP risk factors were assessed by the Cox model. The incidence density of total NI was lower for NPPV than for ETI (14.2 versus 30.3 per 1000 patient-days, p < 0.01). The Cox model showed that the use of noninvasive ventilation, adjusted to the severity of illness (SAPS II), reduced not only the VAP risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 4.07) but also the NI risk (HR = 1.95).CONCLUSION: The use of NPPV reduces the risk of VAP and NI, compared to ETI, irrespective of the severity of the patient's illness.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Critical Care', 'Cross Infection', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonia', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 10,416,907
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E02.041.625.790.550', 'E02.880.820.790.550'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Skeletal muscle injury versus adaptation with aging: novel insights on perplexing paradigms.
|
A growing body of data supports a view that skeletal muscle's response after mechanical loading does not always result in the classically reported "injury response." Furthermore, current evidence supports a model of muscle adaptation and/or maladaptation, distinct from overt injury, in which myofiber degeneration and inflammation do not contribute as significantly as once reported even in aged populations.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Aging', 'Animals', 'Humans', 'Models, Animal', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 20,016,294
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.598'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Plasma osteoprotegerin is related to carotid and peripheral arterial disease, but not to myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
|
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is frequent in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Plasma osteoprotegerin (OPG) has evolved as a biomarker for CVD. We examined the relationship between plasma OPG levels and different CVD manifestations in type 2 diabetes.METHODS: Type 2 diabetes patients without known CVD referred consecutively to a diabetes clinic for the first time (n = 305, aged: 58.6 ± 11.3 years, diabetes duration: 4.5 ± 5.3 years) were screened for carotid arterial disease, peripheral arterial disease, and myocardial ischemia by means of carotid artery ultrasonography, peripheral ankle and toe systolic blood pressure measurements, and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS). In addition, plasma OPG concentrations and other CVD-related markers were measured.RESULTS: The prevalence of carotid arterial disease, peripheral arterial disease, and myocardial ischemia was 42%, 15%, and 30%, respectively. Plasma OPG was significantly increased in patients with carotid and peripheral arterial disease compared to patients without (p < 0.001, respectively), however, this was not the case for patients with myocardial ischemia versus those without (p = 0.71). When adjusted for age, HbA1c and U-albumin creatinine ratio in a multivariate logistic regression analysis, plasma OPG remained strongly associated with carotid arterial disease (adjusted OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.22-3.67; p = 0.008), but not with peripheral arterial disease or myocardial ischemia.CONCLUSIONS: Increased plasma OPG concentration is associated with carotid and peripheral arterial disease in patients with type 2 diabetes, whereas no relation is observed with respect to myocardial ischemia on MPS. The reason for this discrepancy is unknown.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Pressure', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Carotid Artery Diseases', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Osteoprotegerin', 'Perfusion Imaging', 'Peripheral Arterial Disease', 'Prevalence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Ultrasonography']
| 21,838,881
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['C10.228.140.300.200', 'C14.907.253.123'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.949.249'], ['E01.370.350.710.600', 'E01.370.384.730.354'], ['C14.907.137.126.307.500', 'C14.907.617.671'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Impact of gait analysis on pathology identification and surgical recommendations in children with spina bifida.
|
BACKGROUND: Gait analysis provides quantitative data that can be used to supplement standard clinical evaluation in identifying and understanding gait problems. It has been established that gait analysis changes treatment decision making for children with cerebral palsy, but this has not yet been studied in other diagnoses such as spina bifida.RESEARCH QUESTION: To determine the effects of gait analysis data on pathology identification and surgical recommendations in children with spina bifida.METHODS: Two pediatric orthopaedic surgeons and two therapists with >10 years of experience in gait analysis reviewed clinical, video, and gait analysis data from 43 ambulatory children with spina bifida (25 male; mean age 11.7 years, SD 3.8; 25 sacral, 18 lumbar). Primary gait pathologies were identified by each assessor both before and after consideration of the gait analysis data. Surgical recommendations were also recorded by the surgeons before and after consideration of the gait analysis data. Frequencies of pathology and surgery identification with and without gait analysis were compared using Fisher's exact test, and percent change in pathology and surgery identification was calculated.RESULTS: Pathology identification often changed for common gait problems including crouch (28% of cases), tibial rotation (35%), pes valgus (18%), excessive hip flexion (70%), and abnormal femur rotation (75%). Recognition of excessive hip flexion and abnormal femur rotation increased significantly after consideration of gait analysis data (p < 0.05). Surgical recommendations also frequently changed for the most common surgeries including tibial derotation osteotomy (30%), antero-lateral release (22%), plantar fascia release (33%), knee capsulotomy (25%), 1st metatarsal osteotomy (60%), and femoral derotation osteotomy (89%). At the patient level, consideration of gait analysis data altered surgical recommendations for 44% of patients.SIGNIFICANCE: Since gait analysis data often changes pathology identification and surgical recommendations, treatment decision making may be improved by including gait analysis in the patient care process.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Clinical Decision-Making', 'Female', 'Gait Analysis', 'Gait Disorders, Neurologic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sacrum', 'Spinal Dysraphism']
| 30,321,794
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.055'], ['E01.370.600.250.250', 'N01.400.545.750.500'], ['C10.597.404', 'C23.888.592.413'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A02.835.232.834.717'], ['C10.500.680.800', 'C16.131.666.680.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
microRNA-145 downregulates SIP1-expression but differentially regulates proliferation, migration, invasion and Wnt signaling in SW480 and SW620 cells.
|
microRNA-145 (miR-145) has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer but its role in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is unclear. Ectopic expression of miR-145 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion in SW480 but surprisingly enhanced these traits in its metastatic counterpart, SW620 cells, while, antimiR-145 reversed the effects of miR-145 in both of these human colorectal cancer cells. In SW480 and SW620 cells, SMAD-interacting protein 1 (SIP1), was identified as a target of miR-145, and its expression was suppressed both at mRNA and protein levels, and siRNA-SIP1 mimicked the effects of miR-145. Further, re-introduction of SIP1 alone or its co-expression with miR-145, rescued SW480 and SW620 cells from the effects of miR-145, indicating that the distinct functions of miR-145 might be mediated, in part, through SIP1. Since Wnt signaling plays an essential role in EMT in CRC progression, the effects of miR-145 on the expression of Wnt signaling intermediates and EMT markers were studied. Re-expression of miR-145 was found to downregulate the expression of CTNNB1, TCF4, CCND1, VIM, and SNAI, but, upregulated CDH1 expression in SW480 cells. On the other hand, miR-145 exhibited an oncogenic potential in SW620 cells by actuating Wnt signaling and the expression of EMT-relevant markers. These results strongly hint that the paradoxical functions of miR-145 in the regulation of proliferation, migration and invasion might be mediated through downregulation of SIP1, and differential tuning of Wnt signaling and EMT-mediators.
|
["5' Untranslated Regions", 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Down-Regulation', 'Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Wnt Signaling Pathway']
| 28,833,449
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.885', 'D13.444.735.790.878.885', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.885', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.885'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G04.356.500'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['G02.111.820.925', 'G04.835.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Facile, solvent and ligand free iron catalyzed direct functionalization of N-protected tetrahydroisoquinolines and isochroman.
|
An efficient method for an iron catalyzed oxidative indolation and methoxyphenylation of N-protected tetrahydroisoquinolines and isochroman is described including subsequent facile deprotection.
|
['Catalysis', 'Chromans', 'Iron', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Structure', 'Solvents', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Tetrahydroisoquinolines']
| 20,972,489
|
[['G02.130'], ['D03.383.663.283.240', 'D03.633.100.150.240'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D27.720.844'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D03.633.100.531.820']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tracking composition of microbial communities for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in polyurethane foam.
|
The process of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) of immobilized microorganisms in polyurethane form is discussed. The effect of different positions within the polyurethane carrier on microbial community response for the SND process is investigated by a combination of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of the 16S rRNA gene V3 region and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that polyurethane, which consists of a unique porous structure, is an ideal platform for biofilm stratification of aerobe, anaerobe and facultative microorganisms in regard to the SND process. The community structure diversity response to different positions was distinct. The distributions of various functional microbes, detected from the surface aerobic stratification to the interior anaerobic stratification of polyurethane, were mainly nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. Meanwhile aerobic denitrifying bacteria such as Paracoccus sp., Agrobacterium rubi and Ochrobactrum sp. were also adhered to the interior and surface of polyurethane. The SND process occurring on polyurethane foam was carried out by two independent processes: nitrogen removal and aerobic denitrification.
|
['Bacteria', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Denitrification', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Nitrification', 'Nitrogen', 'Phylogeny', 'Polyurethanes']
| 24,804,651
|
[['B03'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G02.111.587.250', 'G02.607.560.250', 'G16.500.768.249'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G02.111.587.500', 'G02.607.560.500', 'G16.500.768.500'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D02.241.081.251.944.750', 'D05.750.716.650', 'D25.720.327.782', 'D25.720.716.650', 'J01.637.051.720.327.782', 'J01.637.051.720.716.650', 'J01.637.412.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Haemostasis in menstrual endometrium in the presence of an intrauterine device.
|
The histology and ultrastructure of the haemostatic response in the endometrium have been studied in 12 uteri containing an inert or copper wound intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD). The uteri were removed during the premenstrual phase or during the first 96 hours of menstruation. The results have been compared to earlier observations in non-IUCD influenced endometrium. In all uteri the tissue shedding proceeded more slowly in the presence of an IUCD and considerably fewer haemostatic plugs were found. The platelets in these plugs were more loosely packed and less degranulated, and the plugs contained less fibrin than in the absence of an IUCD. Haemostatic plugs were still observed at times when no such plugs were seen in uteri without an IUCD. Unoccluded vessel lesions were regularly seen and vessels open to the shedding surface were occasionally encountered. These observations suggest that IUCD-induced menorrhagia is caused by the combination of delayed shedding and a decreased haemostatic reaction in the endometrium.
|
['Adult', 'Endometrium', 'Female', 'Hemostatics', 'Humans', 'Intrauterine Devices', 'Menorrhagia', 'Menstruation', 'Microscopy, Electron']
| 7,260,004
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A05.360.319.679.490'], ['D27.505.954.502.270.463'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.190.250.510'], ['C13.351.500.852.691.449', 'C23.550.414.993.350', 'C23.550.568.875'], ['G08.686.605.428'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Aversive gustatory learning and perception in honey bees.
|
Taste perception allows discriminating edible from non-edible items and is crucial for survival. In the honey bee, the gustatory sense has remained largely unexplored, as tastants have been traditionally used as reinforcements rather than as stimuli to be learned and discriminated. Here we provide the first characterization of antennal gustatory perception in this insect using a novel conditioning protocol in which tastants are dissociated from their traditional food-reinforcement role to be learned as predictors of punishment. We found that bees have a limited gustatory repertoire via their antennae: they discriminate between broad gustatory modalities but not within modalities, and are unable to differentiate bitter substances from water. Coupling gustatory conditioning with blockade of aminergic pathways in the bee brain revealed that these pathways are not restricted to encode reinforcements but may also encode conditioned stimuli. Our results reveal unknown aspects of honey bee gustation, and bring new elements for comparative analyses of gustatory perception in animals.
|
['Animals', 'Arthropod Antennae', 'Bees', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Learning', 'Taste Perception']
| 29,358,592
|
[['B01.050'], ['A13.093'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.387'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.593.817']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interprofessional simulation of birth in a non-maternity setting for pre-professional students.
|
BACKGROUND: Simulation-based learning is an approach recommended for teaching undergraduate health professionals. There is a scarcity of research around interprofessional simulation training for pre-professional students in obstetric emergencies that occur prior to arrival at the maternity ward.OBJECTIVES: The primary aims of the study were to examine whether an interprofessional team-based simulated birth scenario would improve undergraduate paramedic, nursing, and midwifery students' self-efficacy scores and clinical knowledge when managing birth in an unplanned location. The secondary aim was to assess students' satisfaction with the newly developed interprofessional simulation.DESIGN: Quasi-experimental descriptive study with repeated measures.SETTING: Simulated hospital emergency department.PARTICIPANTS: Final year undergraduate paramedic, nursing, and midwifery students.METHODS: Interprofessional teams of five students managed a simulated unplanned vaginal birth, followed by debriefing. Students completed a satisfaction with simulation survey. Serial surveys of clinical knowledge and self-efficacy were conducted at three time points.RESULTS: Twenty-four students participated in one of five simulation scenarios. Overall, students' self-efficacy and confidence in ability to achieve a successful birth outcome was significantly improved at one month (p<0.001) with a magnitude of increase (effect) of 40% (r=0.71) and remained so after a further three months. Clinical knowledge was significantly increased in only one of three student groups: nursing (p=0.04; r=0.311). Students' satisfaction with the simulation experience was high (M=4.65/5).CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study indicate that an interprofessional simulation of a birth in an unplanned setting can improve undergraduate paramedic, nursing and midwifery students' confidence working in an interprofessional team. There was a significant improvement in clinical knowledge of the nursing students (who had least content about managing birth in their program). All students were highly satisfied with the interprofessional simulation experience simulation.
|
['Allied Health Personnel', 'Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Male', 'Midwifery', 'Parturition', 'Patient Simulation', 'Pregnancy', 'Psychometrics', 'Self Efficacy', 'Students, Nursing', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Victoria', 'Young Adult']
| 28,823,781
|
[['M01.526.485.067', 'N02.360.067'], ['I02.358.462.316'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['H02.478.676.416'], ['G08.686.784.769.490'], ['I02.903.847.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.639.100.992', 'Z01.678.100.373.992'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
ANG II-related myocardial damage: role of cardiac sympathetic catecholamines and beta-receptor regulation.
|
The objectives of this study were 1) to determine whether ANG II-induced myocardial damage (ANG Dam) is mediated via the beta1-adrenergic receptor, 2) to elucidate whether adrenal medulla or cardiac sympathetic neuron catecholamines are responsible for ANG Dam, and 3) to determine whether the lack of damage after 3 days of elevated ANG II levels is due to beta1-receptor downregulation. To this end, ANG II was administered to rats 1) that were treated with a beta-receptor blocker, 2) after adrenal medullectomy and/or cardiac sympathectomy, and 3) for 3 or 8 days. ANG II caused both myocyte necrosis and coronary vascular damage after adrenal medullectomy but not after cardiac sympathectomy. There was a 38 and 55% decrease in beta-receptor density after 3 and 8 days, respectively, of ANG II infusion, and an upregulation to control levels 5 days after a 3-day ANG II infusion was stopped. We conclude that cardiac sympathetic neuron catecholamines are responsible for ANG Dam and that the acute nature of this damage is associated with a downregulation of beta1-adrenergic receptors.
|
['Adrenal Medulla', 'Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Atenolol', 'Catecholamines', 'Down-Regulation', 'Heart', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Myocardium', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1', 'Sympathectomy', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Time Factors']
| 9,683,442
|
[['A06.300.071.265'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.070', 'D02.033.755.624.698.070', 'D02.092.063.624.698.070'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A07.541'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340.700', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340.100'], ['E04.525.210.105.800'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Setting up a continuous venovenous hemofiltration educational program. A case study in program development.
|
The key to developing a successful CVVH course is the involvement of the clinical experts--the staff nurses. It is an ongoing process that requires continual improvement. The CVVH course will help to assure the competency of the ICU nurse in caring for the critically ill patient on CVVH.
|
['Curriculum', 'Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Hemodialysis Units, Hospital', 'Hemofiltration', 'Humans', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Nursing Records', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Program Development', 'Staff Development']
| 9,764,017
|
[['I02.158'], ['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['N02.278.388.200'], ['E02.870.225', 'E04.292.471'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['E05.318.308.940.984', 'L01.399.250.900.984', 'N04.452.859.675', 'N05.715.360.300.715.550', 'N06.850.520.308.940.984'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['N04.452.760'], ['I02.574.700', 'N04.452.677.822']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of HIV1-PAR, a macrophage-tropic strain: cell tropism, virus/cell entry and nucleotide sequence of the envelope glycoprotein.
|
The HIV1-PAR strain, isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of an HIV1-seropositive man suffering from encephalopathy, replicated well in cord blood lymphocytes, poorly in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and to different levels in blood-derived macrophage (BDM) cultures prepared from different blood donors. In marked contrast to its replication in primocultures, it did not grow in CEM and U937 cell lines. HIV1-PAR production in BDM was inhibited by more than 90% after treatment with OKT4A or 13B8.2 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) binding to adjacent epitopes of the D1 domain of the CD4 molecules. A lower but significant inhibitory effect was observed after BDM treatment with BL4 and OKT4 mAb, directed to the D2 and D3 domain of the CD4 molecule, respectively. The entire HIV1-PAR envelope glycoprotein gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of HIV1-PAR gp160 revealed the presence of 847 amino acids and 86% homology with the HIV1 LAV virus prototype. An alignment of the amino acid sequence of the envelope glycoprotein of HIV1-PAR and HIV1-LAV showed that the differences were mostly clustered within the five variable regions. Five CD4-binding domains, the gp120/gp41 cleavage site, the putative gp41 fusion domain and 21 out of the 22 cysteine residues were conserved in both isolates. The results further confirm the macrophage-tropic character of the HIV1-PAR virus.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antiviral Agents', 'CD4 Antigens', 'Cell Line', 'Gene Products, env', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp160', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Precursors', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Virus Replication']
| 8,446,773
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.810.500', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.025', 'D23.050.301.264.894.100', 'D23.101.100.894.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.775.320', 'D12.776.964.775.325', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.374', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.374'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.811'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Conservation genetics of the Philippine tarsier: cryptic genetic variation restructures conservation priorities for an island archipelago primate.
|
Establishment of conservation priorities for primates is a particular concern in the island archipelagos of Southeast Asia, where rates of habitat destruction are among the highest in the world. Conservation programs require knowledge of taxonomic diversity to ensure success. The Philippine tarsier is a flagship species that promotes environmental awareness and a thriving ecotourism economy in the Philippines. However, assessment of its conservation status has been impeded by taxonomic uncertainty, a paucity of field studies, and a lack of vouchered specimens and genetic samples available for study in biodiversity repositories. Consequently, conservation priorities are unclear. In this study we use mitochondrial and nuclear DNA to empirically infer geographic partitioning of genetic variation and to identify evolutionarily distinct lineages for conservation action. The distribution of Philippine tarsier genetic diversity is neither congruent with expectations based on biogeographical patterns documented in other Philippine vertebrates, nor does it agree with the most recent Philippine tarsier taxonomic arrangement. We identify three principal evolutionary lineages that do not correspond to the currently recognized subspecies, highlight the discovery of a novel cryptic and range-restricted subcenter of genetic variation in an unanticipated part of the archipelago, and identify additional geographically structured genetic variation that should be the focus of future studies and conservation action. Conservation of this flagship species necessitates establishment of protected areas and targeted conservation programs within the range of each genetically distinct variant of the Philippine tarsier.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Ecosystem', 'Female', 'Genetic Loci', 'Genetic Speciation', 'Genetic Variation', 'Male', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Philippines', 'Phylogeny', 'Phylogeography', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Tarsiidae']
| 25,136,854
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G05.360.340.024.380'], ['G05.045.350', 'G16.075.350'], ['G05.365'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['Z01.252.145.671', 'Z01.639.790'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['H01.158.273.343.335.500', 'H01.277.500.589'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.800.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Gas-phase interactions of organotin compounds with glycine.
|
Gas-phase interactions of organotins with glycine have been studied by combining mass spectrometry experiments and quantum calculations. Positive-ion electrospray spectra show that the interaction of di- and tri-organotins with glycine results in the formation of [(R)2Sn(Gly)-H](+) and [(R)3Sn(Gly)](+) ions, respectively. Di-organotin complexes appear much more reactive than those involving tri-organotins. (MS/MS) spectra of the [(R)3Sn(Gly)](+) ions are indeed simple and only show elimination of intact glycine, generating the [(R)3Sn](+) carbocation. On the other hand, MS/MS spectra of [(R)2Sn(Gly)-H](+) complexes are characterized by numerous fragmentation processes. Six of them, associated with elimination of H2O, CO, H2O + CO and formation of [(R)2SnOH](+) (-57 u),[(R)2SnNH2](+) (-58 u) and [(R)2SnH](+) (-73 u), are systematically observed. Use of labeled glycines notably concludes that the hydrogen atoms eliminated in water and H2O + CO are labile hydrogens. A similar conclusion can be made for hydrogens of [(R2)SnOH](+) and [(R2)SnNH2](+) ions. Interestingly, formation [(R)2SnH](+) ions is characterized by a migration of one the á hydrogen of glycine onto the metallic center. Finally, several dissociation routes are observed and are characteristic of a given organic substituent. Calculations indicated that the interaction between organotins and glycine is mostly electrostatic. For [(R)2Sn(Gly)-H](+) complexes, a preferable bidentate interaction of the type ç(2)-O,NH2 is observed, similar to that encountered for other metal ions. [(R)3Sn](+) ions strongly stabilize the zwitterionic form of glycine, which is practically degenerate with respect to neutral glycine. In addition, the interconversion between both forms is almost barrierless. Suitable mechanisms are proposed in order to account for the most relevant fragmentation processes.
|
['Gases', 'Glycine', 'Ions', 'Models, Molecular', 'Organotin Compounds', 'Protons', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 23,832,935
|
[['D01.362'], ['D12.125.481'], ['D01.248.497'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D02.691.850'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recurrent coma and fever in familial hemiplegic migraine type 2. A prospective 15-year follow-up of a large family with a novel ATP1A2 mutation.
|
Background Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a rare monogenic migraine subtype characterised by attacks associated with transient motor weakness. Clinical information is mainly based on reports of small families with only short follow-up. Here, we document a prospective 15-year follow-up of an extended family with FHM type 2. Patients and methods After diagnosing FHM in a patient with severe attacks associated with coma and fever, we identified eight more family members with FHM and one with possible FHM. All family members were prospectively followed for 15 years. In total 13 clinically affected and 21 clinically non-affected family members were genetically tested and repeatedly investigated. Results A novel p.Arg348Pro ATP1A2 mutation was found in 14 family members: 12 with clinical FHM, one with psychomotor retardation and possible FHM, and one without FHM features. In 9/12 (75%) family members with genetically confirmed FHM, attacks were severe, long-lasting, and often associated with impaired consciousness and fever. Such attacks were frequently misdiagnosed and treated as viral meningitis or stroke. Epilepsy was reported in three family members with FHM and in the one with psychomotor retardation and possible FHM. Ataxia was not observed. Conclusion FHM should be considered in patients with recurrent coma and fever.
|
['Coma', 'Female', 'Fever', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Migraine with Aura', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase']
| 27,226,003
|
[['C10.597.606.358.800.200', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.200'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750.250'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Heterogeneity in the properties of burst-forming units of erythroid lineage in sickle cell anemia: DNA synthesis and burst-promoting activity production is related to peripheral hemoglobin F levels.
|
Circulating 14-day erythroid progenitors (BFU-E) from 28 sickle cell anemia (SS) patients with hemoglobin F (HbF) levels ranging from 2% to 16% were studied to determine their sensitivity to [3H] thymidine kill and burst-promoting activity (BPA)-like factor production. We find that the proportion of BFU-E sensitive to 3H-dT kill, and hence active in DNA synthesis, was inversely correlated with the percent of peripheral HbF when light density (LD) mononuclear cells were used for plating. Regression analysis showed that the correlation between HbF level and BFU-E kill was highly significant (r = .88; P less than .00003). We confirmed the BPA-like factor(s) production by LD mononuclear cells of SS patients, and found, in addition, that this phenomenon is restricted to the population of SS patients with HbF levels lower than 9%. Circulating BFU-E of patients with high HbF levels are not sensitive to 3H-dT, and their mononuclear cells do not release BPA-like factor. In summary, SS patients exhibit differences in the capacity of their mononuclear cells to produce BPA activity according to their peripheral HbF level, as well as to the DNA synthesis-state of their circulating BFU-E. We conclude that erythroid progenitors differ among SS patients in relation to their peripheral HbF level.
|
['Adult', 'Anemia, Sickle Cell', 'Cell Division', 'DNA', 'Erythroid Precursor Cells', 'Female', 'Fetal Hemoglobin', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-3', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Thymidine', 'Tritium']
| 1,689,189
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.150', 'C15.378.420.155', 'C16.320.070.150', 'C16.320.365.155'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D13.444.308'], ['A11.148.378.590.837.250', 'A11.443.240.497', 'A11.872.378.590.817.250', 'A15.378.316.378.590.837.250'], ['D12.776.124.400.303', 'D12.776.422.316.762.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.400', 'D12.644.276.374.465.032', 'D12.776.395.240.400', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.032', 'D23.529.374.410.240.400', 'D23.529.374.465.169'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.742.680.705', 'D13.570.230.855', 'D13.570.685.705'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Psychological responses to episodic chest pain.
|
Patients with chronic musculo-skeletal pain have been profiled as "dysfunctional", "interpersonally distressed" or "adaptive copers". The relevance of these for episodic visceral pain is unknown. Our aim was to replicate conceptually the taxonomy in patients with episodic visceral pain. Patients with chest pain and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD; n=25), coronary artery (CAD; n=20), or with chest pain but without either reflux or coronary artery disease (non-cardiac chest pain--NCCP; n=23) were assessed using several standard affective and cognitive measures relevant to pain. Differences between the diagnostic groups were explored. K-means cluster analysis broadly replicated the three groups found in previous research but the "interpersonally distressed" group had few members. An additional cluster analysis suggested a more parsimonious solution for the sample was a two-cluster one, which approximated to the "adaptive coper" and "dysfunctional" profiles. Membership of both the three- and two-cluster profiles was not associated with membership of specific diagnostic category.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Chest Pain', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Female', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Pain', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 14,575,665
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.592.612.233'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular structure of an aspartic proteinase zymogen, porcine pepsinogen, at 1.8 A resolution.
|
The only well-understood mechanism of zymogen activation is that of the serine proteinases, in which proteolytic cleavage leads to conformational changes resulting in a functional active site. A different mechanism is now unveiled by the crystal structure of pepsinogen. Salt bridges that stabilize the positioning of the N-terminal proenzyme segment across the active site of pepsin are disrupted at low pH, releasing the amino-terminal segment and thereby exposing the catalytic apparatus and the substrate-binding sites.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Models, Molecular', 'Pepsinogens', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Precursors', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Swine']
| 3,941,737
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D08.622.509', 'D12.776.811.243.509'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.811'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MicroRNA-29b inhibits TGF-â1-induced fibrosis via regulation of the TGF-â1/Smad pathway in primary human endometrial stromal cells.
|
Transforming growth factor (TGF)‑â1 has a key role in the regulation of fibrosis and organ dysfunction. During the pathogenesis and progression of vital organ fibrosis, the microRNA (miR)‑29 family is irregularly downregulated and exogenous supplementation of miR‑29b has a strong anti‑fibrotic capacity. However, whether TGF‑â1 is able to provoke endometrial fibrosis, and the role of miR‑29 in endometrial fibrosis remain unclear. In the present study, RT‑qPCR, immunocytochemistry, western blot analysis, scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining, cell proliferation assay and flow cytometric analysis were employed. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of collagen, type 1, alpha 1 (COL1A1), á‑smooth muscle actin (á‑SMA) and phosphorylated (p)‑Smad2/3 were increased, whereas miR‑29b and maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) were decreased in primary endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) in response to TGF‑â1 stimulation, in a time and dose‑dependent manner. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‑29b markedly reduced the expression levels of COL1A1 and á‑SMA, and decreased the expression and nuclear accumulation of p‑Smad2/3. In addition, ectopic overexpression of miR‑29b increased the expression levels of MEG3, inhibited myofibroblast‑like cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. These findings indicated that miR‑29b may have a significant anti‑fibrotic role, and may attenuate TGF‑â1‑induced fibrosis in ESCs. Therefore, exogenous miR‑29b may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of endometrial fibrosis.
|
['Adult', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Collagen Type I', 'Endometrium', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Signal Transduction', 'Smad2 Protein', 'Smad3 Protein', 'Stromal Cells', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1']
| 27,035,110
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.100', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.100'], ['A05.360.319.679.490'], ['C23.550.355'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.334.500.200', 'D12.776.157.057.170.500.200', 'D12.776.476.024.428.500.200', 'D12.776.744.741.750', 'D12.776.930.806.500.200'], ['D12.644.360.024.334.500.300', 'D12.776.157.057.170.500.300', 'D12.776.260.713.500.300', 'D12.776.476.024.428.500.300', 'D12.776.744.741.875', 'D12.776.930.806.500.300'], ['A11.329.830'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
ATP-Induced Increase in Intracellular Calcium Levels and Subsequent Activation of mTOR as Regulators of Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.
|
Intracellular signaling pathways, including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, are activated by exercise, and promote skeletal muscle hypertrophy. However, the mechanisms by which these pathways are activated by physiological stimulation are not fully understood. Here we show that extracellular ATP activates these pathways by increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i), and promotes muscle hypertrophy. [Ca2+]i in skeletal muscle was transiently increased after exercise. Treatment with ATP induced the increase in [Ca2+]i through the P2Y₂ receptor/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor pathway, and subsequent activation of mTOR in vitro. In addition, the ATP-induced increase in [Ca2+]i coordinately activated Erk1/2, p38 MAPK and mTOR that upregulated translation of JunB and interleukin-6. ATP also induced an increase in [Ca2+]i in isolated soleus muscle fibers, but not in extensor digitorum longus muscle fibers. Furthermore, administration of ATP led to muscle hypertrophy in an mTOR- and Ca2+-dependent manner in soleus, but not in plantaris muscle, suggesting that ATP specifically regulated [Ca2+]i in slow muscles. These findings suggest that ATP and [Ca2+]i are important mediators that convert mechanical stimulation into the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, and point to the P2Y receptor as a therapeutic target for treating muscle atrophy.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Cell Line', 'Hypertrophy', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Muscular Atrophy', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases']
| 30,231,482
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C23.300.775'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['C10.597.613.612', 'C23.300.070.500', 'C23.888.592.608.612'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Treatment of vacutainers for use in the analysis of volatile organic compounds in human blood at the low parts-per-trillion level.
|
Vacutainers that are routinely used for blood collection contain significant amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These VOCs interfere with the low parts-per-trillion analysis of VOCs in whole blood either by causing false positives or by masking the presence of VOCs because of high background levels. Benzene, bromoform, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene, styrene, and various hydrocarbons are the most significant sources of VOC contamination present in the vacutainers. A method of removing VOCs from 10-mL gray-top vacutainers is presented. This method uses a combination of heat and vacuum to reduce the VOCs to levels compatible with low parts-per-trillion analysis of VOCs in whole blood.
|
['Blood Specimen Collection', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Humans', 'Hydrocarbons']
| 8,530,562
|
[['E01.370.225.998.110', 'E04.665.150', 'E05.200.998.110'], ['E01.354.506'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mica dust and pneumoconiosis: example of a pure occupational exposure in a muscovite milling unit.
|
OBJECTIVE: We present pulmonary disorders of four employees who were exposed to high concentration of pure mica dust in a muscovite milling unit.METHOD: All cases underwent traditional examinations with a dual-energy chest computed tomographic scan. An analysis of exhaled breath condensate by Raman microspectrometry and of mineralogical content of a lung biopsy was performed for one case.RESULTS: All cases showed bilateral micronodular ground glass opacities and mediastinal and hilar hyperdense lymph nodes consistent with the nodal sequestration of mineral particles. Histological analysis showed giant cell granulomas without typical silicotic nodule with high concentration of birefringent particles consistent with mica. Mica particles found in the exhaled breath condensate were identical to particles in ambient air at the company.CONCLUSION: Occupational exposure to mica dust is responsible for diffuse infiltrative lung disease by overload processes.
|
['Adult', 'Aluminum Silicates', 'Breath Tests', 'Extraction and Processing Industry', 'Granuloma, Giant Cell', 'Humans', 'Inhalation Exposure', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Pneumoconiosis', 'Radiography']
| 24,270,302
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D01.056.050.075', 'D01.578.725.025', 'D01.650.550.050.075', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050'], ['E01.370.100'], ['J01.576.655.875'], ['C05.500.368', 'C07.320.391', 'C07.465.714.258.557', 'C23.550.382.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.460.350.112'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['C08.381.483.581', 'C08.381.520.702', 'C24.800'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pre-test genetic counseling services for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer delivered by non-genetics professionals in the state of Florida.
|
Genetic counseling and testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer now includes practitioners from multiple healthcare professions, specialties, and settings. This study examined whether non-genetics professionals (NGPs) perform guideline-based patient intake and informed consent before genetic testing. NGPs offering BRCA testing services in Florida (n = 386) were surveyed about clinical practices. Among 81 respondents (response rate = 22%), approximately half reported: sometimes scheduling a separate session for pre-test counseling lasting 11-30 min prior to testing, discussing familial implications of testing, benefits and limitations of risk management options, and discussing the potential psychological impact and insurance-related issues. Few constructed a three-generation pedigree, discussed alternative hereditary cancer syndromes, or the meaning of a variant result. This lack of adherence to guideline-based practice may result in direct harm to patients and their family members. NGPs who are unable to deliver guideline adherent cancer genetics services should focus on identification and referral of at-risk patients to in person or telephone services provided by genetics professionals.
|
['BRCA1 Protein', 'BRCA2 Protein', 'Female', 'Florida', 'Genetic Counseling', 'Genetic Testing', 'Health Personnel', 'Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Professional Competence']
| 24,735,105
|
[['D12.776.313.125', 'D12.776.624.776.100', 'D12.776.660.100', 'D12.776.744.100', 'D12.776.930.137'], ['D12.776.313.249', 'D12.776.624.776.101', 'D12.776.660.105'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.350'], ['H01.158.273.343.385.500.384', 'N02.421.308.400'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['C04.588.180.483', 'C04.588.322.455.431', 'C04.700.517', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705.431', 'C13.351.937.418.685.431', 'C16.320.700.517', 'C17.800.090.500.483', 'C19.344.410.431', 'C19.391.630.705.431'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.399.630']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Interleukin-31 expression and relation to disease severity in human asthma.
|
Interleukin 31 (IL-31) is a novel T helper type 2 effector cytokine that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. However, its role in human asthma remains unclear. The aim of this study was to measure IL-31 levels in the serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and bronchial tissue of asthmatics and healthy subjects, and identify its possible correlation to disease severity. We quantified IL-31 levels in the serum of patients with asthma (n = 44), as well as in controls (n = 22). Of these subjects, 9 asthmatics and five controls underwent bronchoscopy with endobronchial biopsy and BALF collection. Our data showed that serum and BALF IL-31 levels were significantly elevated in patients with asthma compared with controls. Expressions of IL-31 and IL-31 receptor (IL-31RA and OSMR) were more prominent in the bronchial tissue in severe compared to mild asthma and controls. Serum IL-31 levels correlated positively with Th2 related cytokines (IL-5, IL-13, and TSLP), asthma severity or total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), and inversely with asthma control and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). The current data may provide insight into the underlying pathogenesis of asthma, in which IL-31 has an important pathogenic role.
|
['Adult', 'Asthma', 'Blood Chemical Analysis', 'Bronchi', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukins', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Respiratory Mucosa']
| 26,956,917
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E01.370.225.124.100', 'E05.200.124.100'], ['A04.411.125'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465', 'D12.776.467.374.465', 'D23.529.374.465'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A04.760', 'A10.615.550.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Simultaneous repair of bilateral inguinal hernias: a prospective, randomized study of single versus double mesh laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair.
|
The aim of this study was to compare the double and the single mesh techniques, both used in the laparoscopic totally extra peritoneal (TEP) repair of bilateral inguinal hernia. Sixty-five patients with bilateral inguinal hernia were enrolled in a prospective, randomized trial comparing the single and the double mesh techniques. The single and the double mesh techniques compared favorably in terms of operating time, long-term morbidity, hospital stay, time for return to work, postoperative quality of life and recurrence rate. However, the cost of a single, large prosthesis was 38% to 40% lower than that of 2 small ones. The laparoscopic TEP repair of bilateral inguinal hernia with a large, single prosthetic mesh is a technically simple and safe procedure, which offers clear cost savings and a potentially shorter operating time over the double mesh repair. It is strongly recommended for the routine, laparoscopic TEP repair of bilateral inguinal hernias.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Female', 'Hernia, Inguinal', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Morbidity', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Recurrence', 'Surgical Mesh', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,552,372
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['C23.300.707.374.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E07.858.708'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of midazolam on sleep of insomniacs.
|
We studied in a sleep laboratory the effects of bedtime 15 mg midazolam and 20 mg midazolam on the sleep and morning performance of healthy subjects with polygraphically verified sleep onset insomnia. Six subjects received 15 mg midazolam and six subjects received 20 mg midazolam for 14 consecutive nights which were preceded by a three-night placebo baseline and followed by a three-night placebo period. The medications were administered in a double-blind manner. The results were that both doses increased total sleep time, reduced sleep latency, reduced wake time after sleep onset and reduced the number of awakenings. There was no difference between the doses. Midazolam had its main effect by decreasing wake time in the first third of the night. We found no evidence of tolerance, drug withdrawal rebound insomnia, or drug-induced morning performance decrements. We did find evidence of an anterograde amnesia produced by the drug.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Anxiety Agents', 'Benzodiazepines', 'Electroencephalography', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Midazolam', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders', 'Sleep Stages']
| 6,138,060
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.015'], ['D03.633.100.079.080'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.575'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800'], ['F02.830.855.796', 'G11.561.803.754']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The HIV-1 Rev protein enhances encapsidation of unspliced and spliced, RRE-containing lentiviral vector RNA.
|
BACKGROUND: During the RNA encapsidation process of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral genomic, unspliced RNA (gRNA) is preferentially incorporated into assembling virions. However, a certain amount of spliced viral transcripts can also be detected in viral particles. Recently, we observed that nuclear export of HIV and lentiviral vector gRNA by Rev is required for efficient encapsidation. Since singly-spliced HIV transcripts also contain the Rev-response element (RRE), we investigated if the encapsidation efficiency of RRE-containing spliced HIV-vector transcripts is also increased by the viral Rev protein.FINDINGS: Starting with a lentiviral vector imitating the splicing pattern of HIV, we constructed vectors that express an unspliced transcript either identical in sequence to the singly-spliced or the fully-spliced RNA of the parental construct. After transfection of the different lentiviral vectors cytoplasmic and virion-associated RNA levels and vector titers were determined in the presence and absence of Rev. Rev enhanced the infectious titer of vectors containing an RRE 6 to 37-fold. Furthermore, Rev strongly increased encapsidation efficiencies of all RRE-containing transcripts up to 200-fold. However, a good correlation between encapsidation efficiency and lentiviral vector titer could only be observed for the gRNA. The infectious titer of the vector encoding the fully-spliced RNA without RRE as well as the encapsidation efficiency of all transcripts lacking the RRE was not influenced by Rev. Interestingly, the splicing process itself did not seem to interfere with packaging, since the encapsidation efficiencies of the same RNA expressed either by splicing or as an unspliced transcript did not differ significantly.CONCLUSIONS: Rev-mediated nuclear export enhances the encapsidation efficiency of RRE-containing lentiviral vector RNAs independently of whether they have been spliced or not.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Alternative Splicing', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Genome, Viral', 'HEK293 Cells', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Lentivirus', 'Mutation', 'Plasmids', 'RNA', 'RNA Splicing', 'RNA, Viral', 'Response Elements', 'Transfection', 'rev Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus']
| 23,133,650
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['G05.360.337'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.650.589'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D13.444.735'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330.700', 'G02.111.570.080.689.675.700', 'G05.360.080.689.330.700', 'G05.360.080.689.675.700', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249.765', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680.765'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.776.157.725.076.500', 'D12.776.664.962.186.500', 'D12.776.964.775.562.770', 'D12.776.964.925.984.385.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impairment of the spatial learning and memory induced by learned helplessness and chronic mild stress.
|
Increasing evidences indicate the concurrence and interrelationship of depression and cognitive impairments. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of two depressive animal models, learned helplessness (LH) and chronic mild stress (CMS), on the cognitive functions of mice in the Morris water maze task. Our results demonstrated that both LH and CMS significantly decreased the cognitive performance of stressed mice in the water maze task. The escaping latency to the platform was prolonged and the probe test percentage in the platform quadrant was reduced. These two models also increased the plasma corticosterone concentration and decreased the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP-response element-biding protein (CREB) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels in hippocampus, which might cause the spatial cognition deficits. Repeated treatment with antidepressant drugs, imipramine (Imi) and fluoxetine (Flu), significantly reduced the plasma corticosterone concentration and enhanced the BDNF and CREB levels. Furthermore, antidepressant treated animals showed an ameliorated cognitive performance compared with the vehicle treated stressed animals. These data suggest that both LH and CMS impair the spatial cognitive function and repeated treatment with antidepressant drugs decreases the prevalence of cognitive impairments induced by these two animal models. Those might in part be attributed to the reduced plasma corticosterone and enhanced hippocampal BDNF and CREB expressions. This study provided a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying interactions of depression and cognitive impairments, although animal models used in this study can mimic only some aspects of depression or cognition of human.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Chronic Disease', 'Corticosterone', 'Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein', 'DNA Primers', 'Fluoxetine', 'Imipramine', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 16,519,925
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['D12.776.260.108.184', 'D12.776.930.127.184'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D02.092.831.280'], ['D03.633.300.240.485'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dependability of posterior-segment spectral domain optical coherence tomography for measuring central corneal thickness.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the intersession and interobserver reliability of central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements using a posterior-segment spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).METHODS: Sixty patients were examined with a posterior-segment SD-OCT system (Topcon 3D-OCT). To analyze intersession reproducibility, 1 examiner measured CCT in 60 eyes 2 times 1 week apart, and to study interobserver reproducibility, a second examiner obtained another measurement during the first session. Within-subject reproducibility, coefficient of reproducibility (CR), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated. Agreement between Topcon 3D OCT and ultrasound pachymetry (USP) was also assessed.RESULTS: Posterior-segment SD-OCT showed an intersession reproducibility of 12.7 ìm (CR = 2.4%) and an excellent ICC (0.96). No systematic difference between sessions was found (average difference, 1.7 ìm; P = 0.15). We found no significant bias between observers (mean difference, -1.5 ìm; P = 0.29). The interobserver reproducibility was 16.4 ìm (CR = 3.1%), and the ICC was 0.94. Topcon 3D OCT CCT values were lower than USP readings (mean difference, 7.6 ± 8.1 ìm; 95% confidence interval, 9.9-5.3 ìm; P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: With a commercially available retinal SD-OCT system, reliable intersession and interobserver CCT measurements can be feasibly obtained. The criteria for a significant change, which would be the one exceeding the reproducibility, indicate that intersession and interobserver variations in CCT of more than 13 and 16 ìm, respectively, may reflect true corneal change with this particular device. These estimates should help investigators and clinicians differentiate actual CCT modification from measurement random error. The slight CCT underestimation with respect to USP is within the range of other OCT devices.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cornea', 'Corneal Pachymetry', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Observer Variation', 'Organ Size', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence']
| 25,211,358
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['E01.370.380.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Reasons for non-acceptance and non-use of a home telemonitoring application by multimorbid patients aged 65 years and over].
|
BACKGROUND: User acceptance is a key indicator and driver for the use and implementation of telemonitoring applications (TMA) in healthcare. Despite various positive effects that previous studies have revealed for users of TMA, there are always patients who discontinue their participation in a telemedicine study or even decline participation. There is little evidence for the reasons for non-acceptance and non-use of TMA, especially in multimorbid patients at the age of 65 and over in their home environment. To close this research gap, this sub-study focuses on patient-reported reasons for non-acceptance and non-use of TMA in the home environment.METHODS: This study follows a mixed-method approach and focuses on patients' perspective. Quantitative data collection took place via computer-assisted telephone interviews among all drop-outs and non-participants. Qualitative data were collected via semi-structured interviews with drop-out patients and non-users. Eligible patients were recruited consecutively by general practitioners, informed and included in the study according to the inclusion criteria. Amongst others, patients measured their vital signs (blood pressure, heart frequency, oxygen saturation, weight) via telemedical measures and sent them via tablet to a Care Coordination Center to ascertain the need for intervention. Collected data on non-acceptance and non-use of TMA were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.RESULTS: Nine general practices in two German cities included a total of 177 patients according to the inclusion criteria. During the study, 61 study participants (34.5 %) dropped out, 80 patients (31.1 %) declined participation in the study. Drop-outs and non-participants were significantly older than active participants (p=.004 and p=.001, respectively). Predominant reasons for drop-out were the lack of the perceived added value and the content-related variety of the program on the patient's tablet, the missing interest/need for telemedical monitoring as well as the time spent participating in the study. Patients living alone, single and widowed patients reported significantly more difficulties in handling the hardware (tablet) (p=.040) and the program (Motiva) (p=.013) than married and cohabiting patients. These reasons were also reported mainly by female patients, patients aged 75 years and over, and those with a low level of education.CONCLUSION: In order to increase the acceptance and the added value of TMA for patients, the individual needs of the future target group should be analyzed at the beginning of the development. To ensure maximum user centricity, individual development steps should be continuously evaluated by the target group. TMA should be adapted to the functional abilities of elderly, multimorbid patients through, e. g., an appropriate design of the content, which is tailored to patients' individual needs. TMA should be used to an appropriate degree to avoid overburdening and should fit unobtrusively into patients' usual daily routine. For patient-specific acceptance of TMA, easy handling of the telemedical measuring and input devices is as important as the variety of offers on the platform and personal contact for technical queries. Special attention should be paid to patients who live alone, women, elderly patients over 75 years of age, and poorly educated patients in order to ensure full and easy access to technology-based telemonitoring for their own healthcare.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Multimorbidity', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Patient Dropouts', 'Personal Health Services', 'Telemedicine']
| 30,910,624
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N05.715.350.225.500', 'N06.850.490.687.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.610', 'F01.145.488.887.500.610', 'N05.300.150.800.500.610'], ['N02.421.631'], ['H02.403.840', 'L01.178.847.652', 'N04.590.374.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Management of cardiopulmonary arrest in the rehabilitation setting.
|
Life-threatening cardiac and respiratory arrests are stressful emergency situations. Nurses may be anxious and unsure of what needs to be done if their roles are not clearly defined. This article describes a system one rehabilitation hospital uses when responding to arrests, reviews the steps in basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and presents an algorithm of a cardiopulmonary arrest.
|
['Algorithms', 'Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation', 'Heart Arrest', 'Humans', 'Rehabilitation Centers']
| 1,553,420
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E02.365.647.110'], ['C14.280.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.808']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Analytical Solutions of Three-Dimensional Contaminant Transport Models with Exponential Source Decay.
|
Despite the availability of numerical models, interest in analytical solutions of multidimensional advection-dispersion systems remains high. Such models are commonly used for performing Tier I risk analysis and are embedded in many regulatory frameworks dealing with groundwater contamination. In this work, we develop a closed-form solution of the three-dimensional advection-dispersion equation with exponential source decay, first-order reaction, and retardation, and present an approach based on some ease of use diagrams to compare it with the integral open form solution and with earlier versions of the closed-form solution. The comparison approach focuses on the relative differences associated with source decay and the effect of simulation time. The analysis of concentration contours, longitudinal sections, and transverse sections confirms that the closed-form solutions studied can be used with acceptable approximation in the central area of a plume bound transversely within the source width, both behind and beyond the advective front and for concentration values up to two orders of magnitude less than the initial source concentration. As the proposed closed-form model can be evaluated without nested numerical computations and with simple mathematical functions, it can be very useful in risk assessment procedures.
|
['Groundwater', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Water Movements', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 28,715,121
|
[['G01.311.355'], ['E05.599'], ['G16.500.971', 'N06.230.132.644.750', 'N06.230.850'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inactivation of the basolateral amygdala impairs the retrieval of recent and remote taste-potentiated odor aversion memory.
|
Memory reorganization as a time-dependent process can be investigated using various learning tasks such as the taste-potentiated odor aversion (TPOA). In this paradigm rats acquire a strong aversion to an olfactory cue presented simultaneously with a gustatory cue. Together these cues are paired with a delayed visceral illness. The basolateral amygdaloid nucleus (BLA) plays a key role in TPOA acquisition but its involvement in retrieval remains unclear. We investigated the involvement of the BLA in either recent or remote retrieval of TPOA. In each case, the number of licks observed in response to the presentation of either the odor or the taste was used to assess retrieval. Before the retrieval test, rats received a bilateral infusion of lidocaine to inactivate the BLA. We observed that both recent and remote TPOA retrieval tests induced by the odor presentation were disrupted in the lidocaine-injected rats. By contrast, the BLA inactivation had no effect upon the aversion towards the taste cue regardless of the time of retrieval. The present study provides evidence that BLA functioning is necessary for retrieval of aversive odor memory, even with a long post-acquisition delay.
|
['Amygdala', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Association Learning', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Generalization, Stimulus', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Olfactory Perception', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Taste Perception']
| 19,643,197
|
[['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['F02.463.425.357.526'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['G11.561.638'], ['F02.463.593.485'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['F02.463.593.817']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Measurement of atherosclerosis markers in patients with periodontitis: a case-control study.
|
BACKGROUND: It is suggested that periodontitis enhances the process of vascular inflammation leading to atherosclerosis. The present study explores the effect of periodontitis in relation to the clinical and ultrasound markers of carotid atherosclerosis.METHODS: Sixty systemically healthy patients >45 years of age (30 with chronic periodontitis and 30 without periodontitis) were studied in a university dental school. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors for atherosclerosis were evaluated. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was assessed by ultrasound.RESULTS: The internal carotid IMT was 0.77 and 0.81 mm in the periodontal disease and control groups, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.538). There were significant differences in the presence of carotid atheroma plaques and the severity of periodontitis (P = 0.003). In the logistic regression analysis, significant differences in terms of age and periodontitis were recorded in relation to the presence of atheroma plaques in the carotid intima.CONCLUSION: The severity of periodontitis was seen to influence the presence of carotid atheroma plaques.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Carotid Artery Diseases', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Chronic Periodontitis', 'Female', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Periodontal Attachment Loss', 'Periodontal Index', 'Plaque, Atherosclerotic', 'Triglycerides', 'Tunica Intima', 'Tunica Media', 'Ultrasonography']
| 22,060,049
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['D23.101'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['C10.228.140.300.200', 'C14.907.253.123'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['C07.465.714.533.324'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.469'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C07.465.714.354.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.725', 'E06.208.720', 'E06.721.658', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.690', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.725', 'N06.890.160.215'], ['C23.300.823'], ['D10.351.801'], ['A07.015.700'], ['A07.015.733'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Expression of a knocked-in AML1-ETO leukemia gene inhibits the establishment of normal definitive hematopoiesis and directly generates dysplastic hematopoietic progenitors.
|
The t(8;21)-encoded AML1-ETO chimeric product is believed to be causally involved in up to 15% of acute myelogenous leukemias through an as yet unknown mechanism. To directly investigate the role of AML1-ETO in leukemogenesis, we used gene targeting to create an AML1-ETO "knock-in" allele that mimics the t(8;21). Unexpectedly, embryos heterozygous for AML1-ETO (AML1-ETO/+) died around E13.5 from a complete absence of normal fetal liver-derived definitive hematopoiesis and lethal hemorrhages. This phenotype was similar to that seen following homozygous disruption of either AML1 or CBFbeta. However, in contrast to AML1- or CBFbeta-deficient embryos, fetal livers from AML1-ETO/+ embryos contained dysplastic multilineage hematopoietic progenitors that had an abnormally high self-renewal capacity in vitro. To further document the role of AML1-ETO in these growth abnormalities, we used retroviral transduction to express AML1-ETO in murine adult bone marrow-derived hematopoietic progenitors. AML1-ETO-expressing cells were again found to have an increased self-renewal capacity and could be readily established into immortalized cell lines in vitro. Taken together, these studies suggest that AML1-ETO not only neutralizes the normal biologic activity of AML1 but also directly induces aberrant hematopoietic cell proliferation.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Genes, Lethal', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Heterozygote', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Transcription Factors', 'Yolk Sac']
| 9,558,367
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['D12.776.930.155.200.200'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.308.310'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.350'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['G05.380.383'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.776.624.664.700.936', 'D12.776.930.780.625.575'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.776.930'], ['A10.615.284.981', 'A16.254.750.981', 'A16.331.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Compliance with zidovudine therapy in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus, type 1: a cross-sectional study in a municipal hospital clinic.
|
PURPOSE: To determine the extent of and clinical variables associated with zidovudine compliance.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A survey of 83 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) followed in a municipal hospital clinic was performed. Compliance histories were validated by serum and urine zidovudine levels. Patient characteristics included 46% white, 63% with a history of intravenous drug use, and 59% reporting a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC). The main outcome measure was greater than 80% compliance with prescribed doses of zidovudine over the previous week.RESULTS: Sixty-seven percent of the study patients reported greater than 80% compliance with prescribed doses of zidovudine over the previous week. The most common explanations given for missing a dose were "forgot to take zidovudine" and "did not have the medication with me." Five variables were independently associated with greater than 80% compliance as determined by stepwise multiple logistic regression: patient belief that zidovudine prolongs life (odds ratio [OR] 9.3, [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.4, 36.7]), a diagnosis of AIDS or ARC (OR 5.5, [CI 1.5, 20.4]), use of a medication timer (OR 4.4, [CI 1.0, 19.1]), no history of intravenous drug use (OR 3.7, [CI 1.0, 14.2]), and taking one to three other medications with zidovudine.CONCLUSIONS: High compliance with zidovudine was achieved by HIV-infected patients in a municipal hospital clinic, many of whom had a history of intravenous drug use. Compliance with zidovudine may be enhanced by a patient's belief that it prolongs life and the use of a medication timer for proper dosing.
|
['AIDS-Related Complex', 'Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Boston', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'HIV-1', 'Hospitals, Municipal', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outpatient Clinics, Hospital', 'Patient Compliance', 'Substance Abuse, Intravenous', 'Zidovudine']
| 1,580,296
|
[['C01.221.250.875.080', 'C01.221.812.640.400.080', 'C01.778.640.400.080', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.080', 'C01.925.813.400.080', 'C01.925.839.080', 'C20.673.480.080'], ['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.510.210', 'Z01.433.210'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['N02.278.421.510.210', 'N02.278.421.660.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N02.278.035.380', 'N02.278.216.500.968.527', 'N04.452.442.452.422.527'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['C25.775.793', 'F03.900.793'], ['D03.383.742.680.705.950', 'D13.570.230.500.950', 'D13.570.230.855.950', 'D13.570.685.705.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Nicotine derivatives in wastewater and surface waters: application as chemical markers for domestic wastewater.
|
Nicotine is extensively metabolized in the human body to a number of compounds, which may enter natural waters via discharge of domestic wastewater. However, little is known on exposure of and potential effects on the aquatic environment. In this study, two major urinary metabolites, cotinine and 3'-hydroxycotinine, as well as a further tobacco alkaloid, N-formylnornicotine, were measured in wastewater and water from Swiss lakes using an analytical procedure based on SPE and LC-MS/MS SRM with cotinine-d3 as internal standard (LOQs, 1.0-1.5 ng/L). Typical concentrations of cotinine and 3'-hydroxycotinine were approximately 1-10 microg/L in untreated wastewater, but clearly less in treated wastewater (approximately 0.01-0.6 microg/L), corresponding to elimination efficiencies of 90-99%. N-Formylnornicotine, however,was found at similar concentrations in untreated and treated wastewater (0.02-0.15 microg/L). Its apparent persistence during wastewater treatment was further confirmed by incubation experiments with activated sludge. In lakes, cotinine, 3'-hydroxycotinine, and N-formylnornicotine were detected at concentrations up to 15, 80, and 6 ng/L, respectively. Concentrations in lakes correlated with the expected anthropogenic burden by domestic wastewater (ratio population per water throughflow), demonstrating the suitability of these nicotine derivatives as hydrophilic, anthropogenic markers. In small receiving waters with significant wastewater discharges, concentrations of a few hundred ng/L may be expected. Possible ecotoxicological risks associated with such environmental concentrations, can, however, not be assessed at present as data on effects on aquatic organisms are very limited, in particular on long-term effects.
|
['Chromatography, Liquid', 'Nicotine', 'Sewage', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 18,800,501
|
[['E05.196.181.400'], ['D03.132.760.570', 'D03.383.725.518'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
iTRAQ quantitative clinical proteomics revealed role of Na(+)K(+)-ATPase and its correlation with deamidation in vascular dementia.
|
Dementia is a major public health burden characterized by impaired cognition and loss of function. There are limited treatment options due to inadequate understanding of its pathophysiology and underlying causative mechanisms. Discovery-driven iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics techniques were applied on frozen brain samples to profile the proteome from vascular dementia (VaD) and age-matched nondementia controls to elucidate the perturbed pathways contributing to pathophysiology of VaD. The iTRAQ quantitative data revealed significant up-regulation of protein-l-isoaspartate O-methyltransferase and sodium-potassium transporting ATPase, while post-translational modification analysis suggested deamidation of catalytic and regulatory subunits of sodium-potassium transporting ATPase. Spontaneous protein deamidation of labile asparagines, generating abnormal l-isoaspartyl residues, is associated with cell aging and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and may be a cause of neurodegeneration. As ion channel proteins play important roles in cellular signaling processes, alterations in their function by deamidation may lead to perturbations in membrane excitability and neuronal function. Structural modeling of sodium-potassium transporting ATPase revealed the close proximity of these deamidated residues to the catalytic site during E2P confirmation. The deamidated residues may disrupt electrostatic interaction during E1 phosphorylation, which may affect ion transport and signal transduction. Our findings suggest impaired regulation and compromised activity of ion channel proteins contribute to the pathophysiology of VaD.
|
['Amides', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Computational Biology', 'Dementia, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase', 'Proteomics', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins', 'Static Electricity', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'United Kingdom']
| 25,152,327
|
[['D02.065'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['C10.228.140.300.400', 'C10.228.140.300.510.800.500', 'C10.228.140.380.230', 'C10.228.140.695.500', 'C14.907.137.126.372.500', 'C14.907.253.560.350.500', 'F03.615.400.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.800.800.700'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.074.750.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.625.625', 'D12.776.157.648.500.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.750.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.625'], ['G01.358.500.249.820'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Langer-Giedion syndrome: the evolving imaging features in hands and beyond.
|
Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (TRP) is a group of rare genetic disorders with characteristic clinical and radiological features. In this case report we discuss the evolution of imaging features in hands in a Chinese boy diagnosed with TRP II (Langer-Giedion syndrome, LGS). This article ramifies the diagnostic value of serial hand radiograph in clinically suspected cases of TRP.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Hand Deformities, Congenital', 'Humans', 'Langer-Giedion Syndrome', 'Male', 'Radiography', 'Thumb', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,072,254
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['C05.390.408', 'C05.660.585.988.425', 'C16.131.621.585.988.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.099.708.582'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['A01.378.800.667.430.705'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Are elderly dependency ratios associated with general population suicide rates?
|
BACKGROUND: The elderly population size is increasing worldwide due to falling birth rates and increasing life expectancy. It has been hypothesized that as the elderly dependency ratio (the ratio of those over the age of 65 years to those under 65) increases, there will be fewer younger people available to care for older people and this, in turn, will increase the burden on younger carers with increased levels of psychiatric morbidity leading to an increase in general population suicide rates.METHODS: A cross-national study examining the relationship between elderly dependency ratios and general population suicide rates was conducted using data from the World Health Organization and the United Nations websites.RESULTS: The main findings were of a significant and independent positive correlation between elderly dependency ratios and general population suicide rates in both genders.CONCLUSION: The contribution of cross-national differences in psychiatric morbidity in younger carers on general population suicide rates requires further study. The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in younger carers of older people should be examined by: (i) cross-national studies using standardized measures of psychiatric morbidity that are education-free, culture-fair and language-fair; and (ii) within-country longitudinal studies with changing elderly dependency ratios over time.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Caregivers', 'Cost of Illness', 'Cross-Cultural Comparison', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Dementia', 'Dependency, Psychological', 'Female', 'Frail Elderly', 'Health Expenditures', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Population Density', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sex Factors', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Suicide']
| 20,068,022
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['I01.076.201.450.281', 'I01.880.853.100.257'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['F01.752.330'], ['M01.060.116.100.540'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Combined phenyl silane and immunoaffinity column cleanup with liquid chromatography for determination of ochratoxin A in roasted coffee: collaborative study.
|
A collaborative study was conducted to evaluate a liquid chromatography (LC) method for ochratoxin A using sequential phenyl silane and immunoaffinity column cleanup. The method was tested at 3 different levels of ochratoxin A in roasted coffee, which spanned the range of possible future European regulatory limits. The test portion was extracted with methanol and sodium bicarbonate by shaking for 30 min. The extract was filtered, centrifuged, and then cleaned up on a phenyl silane column before being eluted from the washed column with methanol-water. The eluate was diluted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and applied to an ochratoxin A immunoaffinity column, which was washed with water. The ochratoxin A was eluted with methanol, the solvent was evaporated, and the residue was redissolved in injection solvent. After injection of this solution onto a reversed-phase LC apparatus, ochratoxin A was measured by fluorescence detection. Eight laboratory samples of low-level naturally contaminated roasted coffee and 2 laboratory samples of blank coffee (< 0.2 ng/g ochratoxin A at the signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1), along with ampules of ochratoxin A calibrant and spiking solutions, were sent to 15 laboratories in 13 different European countries. Test portions of the laboratory samples were spiked at levels of 4 ng/g ochratoxin A, and recoveries ranged from 65 to 97%. Based on results for spiked blank material (blind duplicates) and naturally contaminated material (blind duplicates at 3 levels), the relative standard deviation for repeatability (RSDr) ranged from 2 to 22% and the relative standard deviation for reproducibility (RSDR) ranged from 14 to 26%. The method showed acceptable within- and between-laboratory precision, as evidenced by HORRAT values, at the low level of determination for ochratoxin A in roasted coffee.
|
['Calibration', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Coffee', 'Immunochemistry', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Mycotoxins', 'Ochratoxins', 'Reference Standards', 'Silanes', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 11,324,609
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['D20.215.784.249', 'G07.203.100.325', 'J02.200.325'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['D23.946.587'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.800.500', 'D03.633.100.150.446.800.500', 'D23.946.587.697'], ['E05.978.808'], ['D01.837.700'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparison of methods for sample clean-up prior to quantification of metal-binding proteins.
|
1. The recovery of rabbit metallothionein and metallothionein-like proteins has been examined under different conditions. 2. After heat or ethanol denaturation, recovery of rabbit MT-II was quantitative. 3. Recovery of rabbit MT was not affected by the presence or absence of dithiothreitol (DTT) after heat treatment. However, recovery from ethanolic solution decreased in buffers that did not contain the antioxidant. 4. Acetone precipitation of rabbit MT resulted in lower yields which approached 90% only in the presence of DTT. 5. Recovery of metallothionein-like proteins from cytosols of the hepatopancreas of the tanner crab, Chionoecetes bairdi, were examined using pulse polarography and HPLC. Relative to heat denaturation, ethanol and acetone yielded recoveries of 66 and 28%, respectively, in the presence of DTT. However, acetone did yield a solution which contained less extraneous protein of molecular mass greater than 43 kDa than heat denaturation. 6. We concluded that heat denaturation is the preferred treatment for quantitative recovery of metal-binding proteins. Acetone precipitation is useful for the purification of MT.
|
['Acetone', 'Animals', 'Brachyura', 'Buffers', 'Chemical Precipitation', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Culture Media', 'Cytosol', 'Digestive System', 'Ethanol', 'Hot Temperature', 'Metalloproteins', 'Polarography', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Reference Standards']
| 1,395,510
|
[['D02.522.064'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.190.110'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['E05.196.150', 'G02.159'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['A03'], ['D02.033.375'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['D12.776.556'], ['E05.196.749', 'E05.301.700'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['E05.978.808']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Detection rate of fetal distress using contraction-dependent fetal heart rate variability analysis.
|
OBJECTIVE: Monitoring of the fetal condition during labor is currently performed by cardiotocograpy (CTG). Despite the use of CTG in clinical practice, CTG interpretation suffers from a high inter- and intra-observer variability and a low specificity. In addition to CTG, analysis of fetal heart rate variability (HRV) has been shown to provide information on fetal distress. However, fetal HRV can be strongly influenced by uterine contractions, particularly during the second stage of labor. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine if distinguishing contractions from rest periods can improve the detection rate of HRV features for fetal distress during the second stage of labor.APPROACH: We used a dataset of 100 recordings, containing 20 cases of fetuses with adverse outcome. The most informative HRV features were selected by a genetic algorithm and classification performance was evaluated using support vector machines.MAIN RESULTS: Classification performance of fetal heart rate segments closest to birth improved from a geometric mean of 70% to 79%. If the classifier was used to indicate fetal distress over time, the geometric mean at 15 minutes before birth improved from 60% to 72%.SIGNIFICANCE: Our results show that combining contraction-dependent HRV features with HRV features calculated over the entire fetal heart rate signal improves the detection rate of fetal distress.
|
['Female', 'Fetal Distress', 'Fetal Monitoring', 'Heart Rate, Fetal', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted']
| 29,350,194
|
[['C23.888.380'], ['E01.370.378.230', 'E01.370.520.230'], ['G09.330.380.500.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['L01.224.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects on the flavor and oxidative stability of stripped soybean and sunflower oils with added pure tocopherols.
|
Effects of tocopherols on the oxidative stability of stripped vegetable oils were studied by adding pure tocopherols--alpha, beta, gamma, and delta--in their naturally occurring proportions in soybean and sunflower oils to the triacylglycerols (TAG) of soybean and sunflower oils. Soybean and sunflower oils were purified by stripping all minor constituents, leaving the triacylglycerols. Pure tocopherols in the proportion typical of sunflower oil--high alpha, low gamma, and low delta--were added to purified sunflower oil and to purified soybean oil. Pure tocopherols in the proportion typical of soybean oil--low alpha, high gamma, and high delta--were added to the purified oils. Oils were subjected to accelerated autoxidation using oven storage at 60 degrees C in the dark and accelerated photooxidation at 7500 lx light intensity at 30 degrees C. Oxidation levels of aged oils were measured by the formation of both peroxides and volatile compounds and by flavor analysis. Results from substituting the tocopherol profile from one oil type to another varied on the basis of whether they were oxidized in the dark or in the light. For example, during autoxidation in the dark, soybean oil with the typical soybean tocopherol profile had the lowest levels of peroxides and total volatile compounds, whereas sunflower oil with the sunflower tocopherol profile had the highest levels. In flavor analyses of the same oils, sunflower oil with the soybean tocopherol profile was the most stable. Soybean oil with the profile of sunflower tocopherols was the least stable in dark oxidation. In contrast to the data from autoxidation in the dark, addition of tocopherols typical of sunflower oil significantly improved light stability of both oil types compared to the addition of soybean tocopherols to sunflower oil. The tocopherol profile typical of soybean oil was significantly more effective in inhibiting autoxidation in the dark; however, the tocopherol profile typical of sunflower oil inhibited light oxidation significantly more than the soybean tocopherol profile.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Fatty Acids', 'Isomerism', 'Light', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Photochemistry', 'Plant Oils', 'Soybean Oil', 'Sunflower Oil', 'Taste', 'Temperature', 'Tocopherols']
| 16,366,673
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D10.251'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['D10.212.302.380.800', 'D10.212.507.800', 'D10.627.700.880', 'D20.215.784.750.880', 'G07.203.300.375.400.750', 'J02.500.375.400.750'], ['D20.215.784.750.910'], ['F02.830.816.724', 'G11.561.790.724'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D03.383.663.283.909.750', 'D03.633.100.150.909.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibition phenomena mechanisms in experimental obeliscoidosis in rabbits. II. Local and systemic antibody responses.
|
A series of experiments was carried out using adult outbred Polish race rabbits of both sexes infected, during spring or autumn, with 10,000 larvae of Obeliscoides cuniculi, either fresh or stored at 4 degrees C. Extracts of mucosal proteins and bile were collected at postmortem 6 or 12 weeks after infection. Antibody levels were determined in antisera, bile and stomach mucosa by haemagglutination and precipitation tests. Local antibody responses were demonstrated in the stomach and bile, and reactions were obtained with the tissue fluids by haemagglutination and precipitation tests with worm antigens and ES products. Additionally, some specific immunological response was observed in the circulation during the primary infection. These results suggest a clear-cut relationship between increased levels of these antibodies and either larval inhibition or worm expulsion during O. cuniculi infections.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'Bile', 'Female', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Hemagglutination Tests', 'Immune Sera', 'Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic', 'Male', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Rabbits', 'Trichostrongyloidea', 'Trichostrongyloidiasis']
| 3,611,706
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['A12.200.087'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.375', 'E05.200.812.735.050.375', 'E05.478.594.760.050.375'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['C01.610.432', 'C06.405.469.452'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.968.746'], ['C01.610.335.508.700.775.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Jaw in a Day: State of the Art in Maxillary Reconstruction.
|
BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of maxillary defects following tumor extirpation is challenging because of combined aesthetic and functional roles of the maxilla. One-stage reconstruction combining osseous free flaps with immediate osseointegrated implants are becoming the standard for mandibular defects, and have similar potential for maxillary reconstruction.METHODS: A woman with maxillary Ewing sarcoma successfully treated at age 9 with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, right hemimaxillectomy, and obturator prosthetic reconstruction presented for definitive reconstruction, complaining of poor obturator fit, and hypernasality. Her reconstruction was computer-simulated by a multidisciplinary team, consisting of left hemi-Lefort I advancement and right maxillary reconstruction with a free fibula flap with immediate osseointegrated implants and dental prosthesis.RESULTS: Full dental restoration, midface projection, and oral fistula corrections were achieved in 1 operative stage using this approach.CONCLUSIONS: This patient demonstrates a successful approach for maxillary reconstruction using computer-planned orthognathic surgery with free fibula reconstruction and immediate osseointegrated implants with dental prosthesis.
|
['Adult', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Fibula', 'Free Tissue Flaps', 'Humans', 'Maxilla', 'Maxillary Neoplasms', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Sarcoma, Ewing', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 28,005,762
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['E02.186'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.321'], ['A10.850.710.500', 'E07.862.710.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['C04.588.149.721.450.601', 'C05.116.231.754.450.601', 'C05.500.499.601', 'C05.500.693.528', 'C07.320.515.601', 'C07.320.660.601'], ['E04.680'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650.800', 'C04.557.450.795.620.800'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Semiquantitative morphology of human prostatic development and regional distribution of prostatic neuroendocrine cells.
|
BACKGROUND: The neuroendocrine cells of the human prostate have been related to proliferative disorders such as prostatic cancer. Their origin, distribution, and development have therefore been studied and discussed in terms of current stem cell concepts in the prostate.METHODS: Prostatic tissue specimens (n = 20) from human fetuses (n = 8), prepubertal and pubertal children (n = 8) and mature men (n = 4) were studied immunohistochemically using antibodies directed against neuroendocrine, epithelial as well as secretory markers. Semiquantitative computer-assisted evaluation of different epithelial and stromal components based on stereological principles was performed on azan-stained sections representative of all developmental stages.RESULTS: By the end of gestational Week 9, neuroendocrine (NE) cells appear in the epithelium of the urogenital sinus and are subsequently closely associated with the formation of urethral prostatic buds. The fetal and postnatal distribution pattern of NE cells within the gland is characterized by a relatively constant number of cells per gland similar to prostatic smooth muscle cells. Likewise, a density gradient exists with the highest density in the large collicular ducts and almost no NE cells in subcapsular peripheral acini. In peripheral ducts, the distribution is random. Maturation of the NE cells precedes that of the secretory cells by about 10-16 years.CONCLUSIONS: A second prostatic stem cell lineage, different from the urogenital sinus (UGS)-lineage is hypothesized originating from immature neuroendocrine cells. Being morphologically indistinguishable from the UGS-derived prostatic secretory cell lineage, it gives rise to neuroendocrine cells. Their presence is apparently important for proliferation regulation of the UGS-derived lineage of the prostate.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Epithelium', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Neurosecretory Systems', 'Prostate', 'Stem Cells']
| 11,170,138
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.436'], ['A10.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A06.688', 'A08.713'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['A11.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Detection of epidermal growth factor receptors and E-cadherins in the basolateral membrane of A431 cells by laser scanning fluorescence microscopy.
|
We have examined the localization of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors and E-cadherins in cultured A431 cells, an epidermoid carcinoma cell line, using a laser scanning fluorescence microscope. The fluorescence signals generated by monoclonal antibodies against EGF receptor and E-cadherin were localized mainly in the cell-cell contact sites, about 3 microns in width. When these areas for cell adhesion were scanned perpendicularly, fluorescence was detected from a point 4 microns from the cell base for a distance of 8 microns towards the cell surface (about 16 microns from the cell base). These data suggest the subcellular localization of EGF receptors and E-cadherins in the basolateral membrane of A431 cells.
|
['Cadherins', 'Cell Membrane', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 1,900,272
|
[['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Detection of tetrodotoxin by HPLC in shellfishes and goby from south Taiwan.
|
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using fluorescent detection following post-column alkaline degradation and a sample preparation procedure for the analysis were established to detect tetrodotoxins (TTXs) in seafood. In south Taiwan Prefectures, each specimen of shellfishes and gobies, collected from Chiayi, Tainan, and Pingtung from January 1997 to May 1998, was analyzed by HPLC to detect the presence and quantity of TTXs. Overall results showed that only 5 specimens out of 557 specimens contained TTXs; the toxic species were gastropod Natica lineata and Nassarius livescens. The highest TTX content is 10.0 microg/g in N. livescens. Gobies and other species of shellfishes were nontoxic. Although the rate of toxic specimens in all samples was low and showed no seasonal trends, the TTX contents of toxic specimens were higher than safety criteria value.
|
['Animals', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Fishes', 'Humans', 'Marine Toxins', 'Mice', 'Mollusca', 'Shellfish', 'Shellfish Poisoning', 'Taiwan', 'Tetrodotoxin']
| 11,829,062
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.946.580'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.500.644'], ['G07.203.300.600.875.700', 'J02.500.600.875.700'], ['C25.723.415.792'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Up-regulation of cytokine production in alveolar macrophages by histogranin, a novel endogenous pentadecapeptide.
|
Recently, histogranin (HN), a newly found pentadecapeptide, was shown to enhance tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production by alveolar macrophages (AM). In this study, we have investigated whether HN was present in tissues rich with immune cells and further explored the effect of HN and [Ser1]HN on the production of TNF and other key cytokines. Relatively high levels of immunoreactive (ir)-HN were found in rat lung (14.9 pmol/g) and spleen (12.3 pmol/g), indicating its localization in close proximity to macrophages/monocytes and lymphocytes. Furthermore, HN and [Ser1]HN (10(-8)-10(-7) M) stimulated basal and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin 1 (IL-1) mRNA expression and IL-1 release from rat AM. [Ser1]HN also stimulated basal and LPS-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. Although HN did not affect the kinetics of cytokine production, the maximal enhancing effect of HN was seen at 3 h for TNF, 6 h for IL-1 and 18 h for IL-6. These data indicate that HN can up-regulate a cytokine cascade involving TNF, IL-1 and IL-6 and suggest a role for this endogenous peptide in immune regulation.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Macrophages, Alveolar', 'Male', 'Peptides', 'Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Up-Regulation']
| 7,959,902
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A11.329.372.600', 'A11.627.482.600', 'A11.733.397.600', 'A15.382.670.522.600', 'A15.382.680.397.600'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Organization of soluble enzymes in the cell. Relay at the surface.
|
A model is proposed uniting two groups of facts: the adsorption of enzymes on subcellular structures and the direct ('from hand to hand') transfer of metabolites between enzymes. The basic idea is that the binding of metabolites (substrates and/or products) results in desorption of the enzymes from subcellular structures during each catalytic act. This makes the enzymes mobile and capable of directly (from hand to hand) transferring metabolites to other enzymes adsorbed on subcellular structures. The model leads to a mechanism by means of which soluble enzymes can be compartmentalized in defined regions of the cytoplasm.
|
['Adsorption', 'Cells', 'Cytosol', 'Enzymes', 'Models, Theoretical']
| 3,169,231
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['A11'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D08.811'], ['E05.599']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of ancient Greco-Roman cosmetic materials using laser desorption ionization and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
|
Microsamples of pink cosmetic powders from the Greco-Roman period were analyzed using two complementary analytical approaches for identification of the colouring agents (lake pigments originally manufactured from madder plants with an inert binder, usually a metallic salt) present in the samples. The first technique was a methanolic acidic extraction of the archaeological samples with an additional ethyl acetate extraction of the anthraquinone-type colouring agents which were identified using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization with high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-HRMS), and the second was direct analysis of a microsample by laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). The latter technique is well suited when the quantity of samples is very low. This soft ionization technique enables the detection of very small quantities of compounds using the combination of positive and negative-ion modes. It was also successfully applied for the direct analysis of some laboratory-made reference compounds. However, the presence of lead in one of these ancient samples induced a spectral suppression phenomenon. In this case and conditional on a sufficient quantity of available sample, the former method is better adapted for the characterization of these anthraquinone-type molecules. This study also confirmed that purpurin, munjistin, and pseudopurpurin are the principal colouring agents present in these ancient cosmetic powders constituted from madder plants.
|
['Archaeology', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cosmetics', 'Greek World', 'Molecular Structure', 'Plant Extracts', 'Powders', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Roman World', 'Rubia', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization']
| 18,320,177
|
[['I01.076.201.208'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D27.720.269', 'J01.516.213'], ['I01.076.201.450.226.800.250'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D26.255.779'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['I01.076.201.450.226.800.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.456.937.876'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['E05.196.566.755']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Blood pressure nomograms for children and adolescents, by height, sex, and age, in the United States.
|
Because height is a more appropriate index of maturation than weight for use with normative blood pressure (BP) data, we developed normative BP levels for children, by sex, while accounting for age and height simultaneously. Eight U.S. studies used in the Report of the Second Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children and one additional study of BP in U.S. children were reanalyzed to develop age-sex-height-specific values for normative BP values among 56,108 children, aged 1 to 17 years, seen at 76,018 visits. Height percentiles were computed on the basis of standard National Center for Health Statistics growth charts. When height is taken into account, more short children (10th age-sex-specific height percentile) and fewer tall children (90th age-sex-specific height percentile) are likely to be classified as hypertensive than when the current age-sex-specific percentiles of BP alone are used. Tables are provided for boys and girls separately, by single year of age (1 to 17 years) and by the 90th and 95th percentiles of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (fifth phase of Korotkoff sounds) for selected age-sex-specific height percentiles based on standard U.S. growth charts.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Height', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diastole', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Reference Values', 'Sex Factors', 'Systole', 'United States']
| 8,229,519
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.978.810'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Western Australia's mental health court liaison service.
|
OBJECTIVE: This article describes the Western Australian mental health court liaison service. It examines the outcomes that can be measured to assess mental health court liaison services and considers Western Australia's service against criteria described in the literature.METHOD: The Western Australian mental health court liaison service was reviewed against defined criteria.RESULTS: Published criteria to measure effectiveness of mental health court liaison are helpful. Western Australia's service was developed to be as effective as it could be within the parameters in which it operates.CONCLUSIONS: It is important to review the efficacy of a service against criteria over which it has control. Outcomes that have specific utility for court liaison are discussed.
|
['Forensic Psychiatry', 'Humans', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health Services', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Program Evaluation', 'Western Australia']
| 20,039,792
|
[['F04.096.544.335', 'H02.403.690.208', 'I01.198.780.937.469', 'I01.880.604.583.310', 'N03.706.535.351'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['Z01.639.100.996', 'Z01.678.100.373.996']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The impact of the affordable care act on breast cancer care in the USA: A multi-institutional analysis.
|
There are less data available on the effect of the ACA on breast cancer care beyond the screening level. A retrospective review at participating iCaRe2/BCCR institutions was completed before and after ACA. Post-ACA, patients were older, more urban, and more likely to be insured through Medicaid. Increased imaging use was noted post-ACA. These patients were less likely to be diagnosed with late-stage cancers, received fewer mastectomies, and were more likely to have radiation.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Mammography', 'Mastectomy', 'Medicaid', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Ultrasonography, Mammary', 'United States', 'Urban Population']
| 31,187,577
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700.500'], ['E04.466'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.655', 'N03.706.615.693'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.918', 'N03.706.615.806'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.850.860', 'E01.370.378.850'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Humoral immunity in experimental hyposplenism.
|
The immune response to an intravenous bolus of sheep erythrocytes, a large particulate antigen, was examined in weanling Sprague-Dawley rats after varying reduction in spleen size by splenic artery ligation (SAL) or partial amputation (pSx), and the results were compared with splenectomized (Sx) and sham-operated controls. Whereas SAL and pSx rats both produced higher 5 day (primary response) hemolysin antibody titers (P less than 0.001) than Sx rats, levels were lower (P less than 0.05) than in sham-operated rats with larger spleens (P less than 0.001). A similar heterophile pattern was seen in SAL rats at 22 days (secondary response). Within each group there was a positive correlation between splenic weight and serum hemolysin titer (r greater than 0.81) (P less than 0.001). Whereas spleen weight of sham-operated rats increased only 58%, splenic remnants in pSx rats enlarged 139% to 412%, with the greatest percentage of growth in the smallest remnants (25 mg) and the least in the largest remnants (200 mg). These data demonstrate a measurable immunologic advantage of splenic remnants (hyposplenism) over asplenism. This difference, although suboptimal as compared with that of a whole spleen (eusplenism), nonetheless may bolster body defenses to certain forms of bacterial sepsis.
|
['Amputation', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Antibody Formation', 'Antigens, Heterophile', 'Erythrocytes', 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'Ligation', 'Male', 'Organ Size', 'Rats', 'Spleen', 'Splenectomy', 'Splenic Artery', 'Splenic Diseases']
| 307,280
|
[['E04.555.080'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D23.050.244'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D12.776.543.695.444'], ['E04.426'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['E04.726'], ['A07.015.114.814'], ['C15.604.744']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.