Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense.
|
Five stilbene dimers, gnetuhainins F-J, were isolated together with gnetulin, rhapontigenin, isorhapontigenin and gnetol from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense C. Y. Cheng. Their structures and stereochemistry have been established on the basis of spectral evidence, especially 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques.
|
['Molecular Structure', 'Plants', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Stilbenes']
| 11,014,282
|
[['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['B01.650'], ['E05.196.867'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Thoracic epidural catheter placement via the caudal approach in infants by using electrocardiographic guidance.
|
UNLABELLED: We examined the success of inserting epidural catheters via the caudal route in infants by using electrocardiographic guidance. A case series of 20 patients with thoracic epidural analgesia was studied. After the induction of general anesthesia, an 18-gauge IV catheter was inserted into the caudal space to allow threading of a 20-gauge epidural catheter. The electrocardiogram (ECG) tracings via the epidural catheter, as well as the surface ECG at the target spine level, were recorded simultaneously with a modified two-channel five-lead ECG system. The epidural catheter was advanced from the caudal space until the tip reached the target level as demonstrated by a match in the configuration of the epidural ECG tracing to that of the surface ECG tracing at the target level. The catheter tip location was verified by postoperative radiographs. All catheter tips were located within two vertebrae of the target level, and satisfactory intraoperative epidural anesthesia was achieved in all subjects.IMPLICATIONS: Epidural electrocardiography may be used to guide the positioning of the thoracic epidural catheter tip via the caudal approach to the appropriate dermatome for optimum analgesia.
|
['Anesthesia, Epidural', 'Child, Preschool', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies']
| 12,145,046
|
[['E03.155.086.131'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
New polar constituents in the pupae of the silkworm Bombyx mori L. (II): developmental changes of the constituents.
|
A correlation between the quantitative changes in L-methionine analogs, the ratio of D-serine/L-serine during the pupal stage, and metamorphosis was observed. The glycoside appearing at low blood sugar values during the pupal stage was isolated and characterized as D-glucosyl-L-tyrosine. (1)H-NMR indicated the appearance and increase of this glycoside, and Mirrorcle Ray CV4 equipment was used to take X-ray pictures of the pupal bodies. The results indicate that ã-cyclic di-L-glutamate and L-methionine sulfone might be concerned with ammonia assimilation in the pupae, and that D-glucosyl-L-tyrosine served as a switch for the fatty acid (pupal oil) dissimilation hybrid system.
|
['Animals', 'Bombyx', 'Female', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Male', 'Methionine', 'Pupa', 'Trehalose', 'Tyrosine']
| 20,944,408
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.100'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['B05.500.700', 'G07.345.500.550.500.700'], ['D09.698.365.900', 'D09.698.629.305.880', 'D09.947.750.880'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preoperative liver volumetry: how does the slice thickness influence the multidetector computed tomography- and magnetic resonance-liver volume measurements?
|
OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to investigate the influence of slice thickness on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT)- and magnetic resonance (MR)-based liver volumetry.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients who underwent liver surgery were imaged with either a 64-slice MDCT (n = 10) or a 1.5-T MR scanner (n = 10). Multidetector computed tomography and MR images were reconstructed using different slice thicknesses (2, 4, 6, and 8 mm). Total liver volumes (TLVs) were measured by 2 independent readers based on different slice thicknesses using semiautomatic software. Results were compared with TLVs based on 2-mm slices that served as standard of reference. The time to perform each volumetry was recorded.RESULTS: For MDCT volumetry, a statistical difference was seen only between TLVs based on 2-mm versus 8-mm slices (P = 0.012 and P = 0.002 for readers 1 and 2, respectively). For MR volumetry, no statistical difference was seen between TLVs of the standard of reference and TLVs based on 4-, 6-, and 8-mm slices. Regarding the time to perform volumetry, there was a significant gain of time for both readers when volumetry was performed on 6- and 8-mm MDCT slices and on 4-, 6-, and 8-mm MR slices (P < 0.0167) when compared with the standard of reference.CONCLUSIONS: The results of MDCT- and MR-based liver volumetry are dependent on slice thickness. With respect to the precision of calculated volumes and the significant gain of time, 6-mm slices are preferable for computed tomographic imaging, and 8-mm slices are preferable for MR imaging.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Algorithms', 'Anatomy, Cross-Sectional', 'Female', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Liver', 'Liver Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organ Size', 'Preoperative Care', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 19,478,632
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['H01.158.100.185'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Experimental and ecological implications of evening bird surveys in stream-riparian ecosystems.
|
Stream-riparian ecosystems are dynamic and complex entities that can support high levels of bird assemblage abundance and diversity. The myriad patches (e.g., aquatic, floodplain, riparian) found in the riverscape habitat mosaic attract a unique mixture of aquatic, semiaquatic, riparian, and upland birds, each uniquely utilizing the river corridor. Whereas standard morning bird surveys are widely used across ecosystems, the variety of bird guilds and the temporal habitat partitioning that likely occur in stream-riparian ecosystems argue for the inclusion of evening surveys. At 41 stream reaches in Vermont and Idaho, USA, we surveyed bird assemblages using a combination of morning and evening fixed-width transect counts. Student's paired t-tests showed that while bird abundance was not significantly different between morning and evening surveys, bird assemblage diversity (as measured by species richness, Shannon-Weiner's index, and Simpson's index) was significantly higher in the morning than in the evening. NMS ordinations of bird species and time (i.e., morning, evening) indicated that the structure of morning bird assemblages was different from that of evening assemblages. NMS further showed that a set of species was only found in evening surveys. The inclusion of evening counts in surveying bird assemblages in stream-riparian ecosystems has important experimental and ecological implications. Experimentally, the sole use of morning bird surveys may significantly underestimate the diversity and misrepresent the community composition of bird assemblages in these ecosystems. Ecologically, many of the birds detected in evening surveys were water-associated species that occupy high trophic levels and aerial insectivores that represent unique aquatic-terrestrial energy transfers.
|
['Animals', 'Biodiversity', 'Birds', 'Data Collection', 'Ecosystem', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Periodicity', 'Rivers', 'Trees']
| 19,506,939
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['B01.650.915']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reproductive and teratogenic effects of sufentanil and alfentanil in Sprague-Dawley rats.
|
The reproductive and teratogenic effects of sufentanil and alfentanil were studied in a total of 168 Sprague-Dawley rats in two separate experiments. Either sufentanil (10, 50, or 100 micrograms.kg-1.day-1) or alfentanil (8 mg.kg-1.day-1) were administered continuously from day 5 through day 20 of pregnancy using subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps. Cesarean sections were performed on day 20 of pregnancy, reproductive indexes were determined, and the 1484 fetuses were examined for external, visceral, and skeletal abnormalities. No significant adverse reproductive or teratogenic effects were observed with either narcotic.
|
['Abnormalities, Drug-Induced', 'Alfentanil', 'Anesthetics', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Fentanyl', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Reproduction', 'Sufentanil']
| 2,963,565
|
[['C16.131.042'], ['D03.383.621.265.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.100', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.383.621.265'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G08.686.784'], ['D03.383.621.265.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Commotio cordis--a report of two similar cases.
|
Commotio cordis is a rare and fatal mechano-electric arrhythmogenic syndrome, occurring mainly during sports activities. The present study describes two similar cases of sudden death caused by commotio cordis associated with homicide. The two decedents were both 15-year-old male teenagers. Both collapsed within several minutes after being punched in the precordial region, as observed by witnesses at the scenes. Although electrocardiograms were not recorded at the scenes or the hospitals, the sudden onset of cardiovascular, respiratory, and neural symptoms were consistent with sudden cardiac death caused by commotio cordis. Autopsy and forensic morphology both revealed no cardiac or pericardiac structural damage, evident lesions of other internal organs, or underlying diseases, along with negative toxicological analysis, conforming to criteria for diagnosis of commotio cordis. The diagnosis of commotio cordis by forensic pathologists is important in deliberating a verdict of homicide, especially involuntary homicide. In rare instances, a death caused by commotio cordis may have a homicide manner of death.
|
['Adolescent', 'Commotio Cordis', 'Death, Sudden', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Myocardium', 'Thoracic Injuries', 'Violence', 'Wounds, Nonpenetrating']
| 23,082,987
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C14.280.067.441', 'C26.891.375.750.500', 'C26.974.250.875.500'], ['C23.550.260.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['C26.891'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900'], ['C26.974']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Process, pitfalls and profits: lessons from interviewing New Zealand policy-makers.
|
Little has been written about interviewing policy-makers in health promotion and public health research. This article explores the process, pitfalls and profits of semi-structured interviews with policy-makers in 10 research projects conducted in New Zealand. Key members of each research team were surveyed about their research and findings verified against research publications. Key aspects of the process of policy-maker interviews include gaining ethical approval, navigating gatekeepers, using personal contacts and multiple research dissemination methods. Pitfalls of interviewing policy-makers include interviewers not having enough knowledge of the topic so efforts were made to use knowledgeable researchers or up-skill others. Interviews provide access to specialist knowledge of the policy process which cannot be obtained by other methods. While this study was conducted in one jurisdiction, it has implications for other countries. Effective policy-maker interviews in health promotion policy research could contribute to improvements in the quality of data collected and uptake of research by policy-makers.
|
['Administrative Personnel', 'Health Policy', 'Health Promotion', 'Health Services Research', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'New Zealand', 'Policy Making', 'Public Health', 'Qualitative Research']
| 27,543,932
|
[['M01.526.070'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['N03.706.742'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['H01.770.644.241.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Luteinized cystic ovarian hyperplasia during a normal pregnancy].
|
Hyperreactio luteinalis (HRL) is rarely observed in normal pregnancy. Its clinical spectrum consists of benign development of often bilateral lutein cysts and may be revealed by an overproduction of androgens. HRL is more often in relation with an excessive production of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) either in trophoblastic disease or in hyperplacentosis (Rh-alloimmunization or diabetes), but in 60% of the cases HRL may occur in normal singleton pregnancies. Many benign or malignant ovarian lesions can mimic HRL during pregnancy. The pathophysiology of HRL in singleton pregnancies involves an increased sensitivity of ovarian stromal cells to hCG. A positive ovarian stimulation test with hCG, recommended three months after delivery may detect a recurrence risk for further pregnancies. Conservative treatment is advised and surgery must be reserved for maternal complications.
|
['Adult', 'Androgens', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Luteinization', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Male', 'Ovarian Cysts', 'Ovary', 'Ovulation Induction', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Pregnancy in Diabetics', 'Recurrence', 'Rh Isoimmunization', 'Risk Factors', 'Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 12,843,886
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['E01.171'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.690.355'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['C04.182.612', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580', 'C19.391.630.580'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['E02.875.800.984', 'E05.820.800.984'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['C13.703.726'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['G09.188.114.750', 'G12.122.780', 'G12.186.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.557.465.955.207.875', 'C04.557.470.200.025.455.875', 'C04.850.908.208.875', 'C13.703.720.949.208.875'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Density functional theory studies on the conversion of hydroxyheme to iron-verdoheme in the presence of dioxygen.
|
Detailed insight into the second step of heme degradation by heme oxygenase, oxophlorin to verdoheme and biliverdin, is presented. Density functional theory methods are reported for the conversion of oxophlorin to verdoheme. Since it is currently unclear whether dioxygen binding to iron oxophlorin is followed by a reduction or not, in this work we have focused on the difference in reactivity between [(Im)(O2?)FeIII(PO?)] (PO? is the oxophlorin dianion radical) and [(Im)(O2?)FeIII(PO)]- (PO is the oxophlorin trianion). Thus, we have shown that in [(Im)(O2?)FeIII(PO?)] and [(Im)(O2?)FeIII(PO)]-, the mechanisms are stepwise with an initial C-O bond activation to form a ring-structure where the oxophlorin is distorted from planarity. This is followed by homolytic dioxygen bond breaking that directly leads to iron-oxo verdoheme products. The [(Im)(O2?)FeIII(PO?)] mechanism proceeds via two-state-reactivity patterns on the adjacent doublet and quartet spin state surfaces, whereas the [(Im)(O2?)FeIII(PO)]- route shows single-state-reactivity on a triplet spin state surface. In both, the rate determining step is the C-O bond activation, with substantially lower barriers on the [(Im)(O2?)FeIII(PO?)] surface of 12.15 kcal mol-1 in the gas phase compared to 22.55 kcal mol-1 for the intermediate-spin of [(Im)(O2?)FeIII(PO)]-. The complete active space self-consistent-field wave functions with second-order multi-reference perturbation theory were also studied. Finally, the effects of the solvent and the medium on the reaction barriers were tested and shown to be considerable.
|
['Heme', 'Iron', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Oxygen', 'Porphyrins', 'Quantum Theory']
| 28,120,965
|
[['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500', 'D03.633.400.909.500', 'D04.345.783.500', 'D23.767.727'], ['H01.671.579.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Noninvasive detection of coronary artery bypass graft patency by intravenous electron beam computed tomographic angiography.
|
This study evaluates the usefullness of intravenous electron beam computed tomographic angiography (EBA) for the detection of coronary artery bypass graft patency in 43 patients (33 men and 10 women, mean age, 65 years) who had coronary artery bypass graft surgery. EBA was performed a few days before selective bypass graft angiography (SGA). Forty axial cross-sections of angiographic images of the heart were acquired consecutively by an electrocardiographic trigger signal at 40% of the RR interval, which corresponds to the end-systolic phase. EBA data were reconstructed as a three-dimensional shaded surface display of the heart and bypass grafts. Detectability of the patency of bypass gratis was evaluated, taking selective angiographic images of the bypass grafts as a gold standard. One hundred and nine grafts (96%) out of 114 grafts were subjected to evaluation: 37 grafts were left internal mammary artery grafts (LIMA), 7 were right internal mammary artery grafts (RIMA), 6 were gastroepiploic artery grafts (GEA), 7 were free gastroepiploic artery grafts with venous drainage (free-GEA), 7 were radial artery grafts (RAG), and 45 were saphenous vein gratis (SVG). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of EBA were 98%, 100%, 100%, 91%, and 98%, respectively. EBA sampled at the end-systolic period was determined to be useful for the detection of coronary artery bypass graft patency and occlusion.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Epigastric Arteries', 'Female', 'Graft Occlusion, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Saphenous Vein', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vascular Patency']
| 14,711,177
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['A07.015.114.330'], ['C23.550.767.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.100.376.719.332.400', 'E04.100.814.868.750.400', 'E04.928.220.520.220.380'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['A07.015.908.819'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['G09.330.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Acid-base status and urinary hydrogen ion excretion pattern in low-birth-weight infants receiving intravenous fat emulsion and glucose.
|
The acidifying effect of short-term (6-hr) infusion of intralipid was studied in 12 low-birth-weight infants by following the changes in acidbase status and urinary H+ excretion pattern. The infants received 5% or 10% glucose as a base-line calorie supply. Intravenous fat emulsion induced a transient metabolic acidosis. The slightly affected pH and BE recovered in the first two hours following Intralipi d infusion. Parallel to the recovery, urinary net acid excretion increased. NH+4 excretion responded rapidly, titratable acid showed a progressively increasing response and was the major component of net acid excretion. As to the mechanism involved in the activation of NH+4 production in the kidney, it is suggested that in addition to acidaemia increased fatty acid oxidation might contrbute to stimulation of renal gluconeogenesis and ammoniagenesis.
|
['Acid-Base Equilibrium', 'Ammonia', 'Bicarbonates', 'Dietary Fats', 'Gluconeogenesis', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen', 'Infant, Low Birth Weight', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Parenteral Nutrition']
| 829,839
|
[['G02.111.007', 'G02.300.176', 'G03.030', 'G07.410.110', 'G09.188.050'], ['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['D01.200.275.150.100', 'D01.248.497.158.165.100'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['G02.111.158.500', 'G03.191.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['M01.060.703.520.460'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['E02.421.505', 'E02.642.500.505']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Developing a systematic search strategy related to people with disability: A brief report testing the utility of proposed disability search terms in a search about opioid use.
|
BACKGROUND: The varied use of the term "disability" in the scientific literature makes it challenging to conduct systematic reviews of health issues among people with disability. Utilizing general disability search terms has been suggested as an efficient way to ensure a broad capture of the literature related to disability.OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the utility of general disability terms versus condition-specific terms, in the context of systematically searching for articles related to disability and other conditions or issues, in this case, opioid use.METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted using three databases. An initial search of articles mentioning opioids and disability was conducted employing the general search terms recommended by Walsh et al.1 The results were then compared to 16 condition-specific searches. The proportion of unique articles from each condition-specific search that overlapped with the general search was assessed.RESULTS: There was very little overlap between the articles captured using condition-specific search terms and the articles captured utilizing the general search terms. The highest amount of overlap was for spinal muscular atrophy at 33.3%, with the overall median proportion of overlap being 13.4% (mean = 15.7%; SD = 11.7%).CONCLUSIONS: With a systematic search for articles about disability associated with opioid use as an example, condition-specific search terms capture a large proportion of articles not identified using general disability search terms. Disability researchers should be aware of pitfalls using general terminology and the importance of using disability-specific search terms.
|
['Abstracting and Indexing', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Databases, Factual', 'Disabled Persons', 'Humans', 'Muscular Atrophy, Spinal', 'Publications', 'Search Engine']
| 30,470,478
|
[['L01.453.245.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['M01.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.854.468', 'C10.574.562.500', 'C10.668.467.500'], ['L01.178.682'], ['L01.470.875']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Eating disorders and sexual function].
|
Women suffering from eating disorders, present considerable retardation and difficulties in their psychosexual development during adolescence. This leads to primary or secondary insufficiencies in their adult sexual life. The cause of these difficulties seems to be a series of biological, family and psychosocial factors. The majority of the research findings indicate that eating disorders have a negative impact on the patient's sexual function. The factors related to eating disorders symptomatology that influence sexuality are various and differ among each eating disorder diagnostic categories. Considering anorexia nervosa, it has been reported that women have negative attitudes to sexual issues and their body. Their sexual motivation increases when they engage in psychotherapy and their body weight is gradually restored. Starvation and its consequences on the human physiology and especially on the brain function seem to be the main factor that leads to reduced sexual desire and scarce sexual activity. Moreover, personality traits that are common in patients suffering from anorexia nervosa such as compulsivity and rigidity are also related with difficulties initiating and retaining romantic and sexual relationships. Usually patients suffering from anorexia nervosa report impaired sexual behavior and lack of interest to engage in a sexual relationship. Considering Bulimia Nervosa, impulsivity and difficulties in emotion regulation that are common features of the individuals that suffer from bulimia nervosa are also related to impulsive and sometimes self-harming sexual behaviors. Moreover women sufferers often report repulsion, anger and shame towards their body and weight, mainly due to the distorted perception that they are fat and ugly. It is interesting that a number of research findings indicate that although patients suffering from bulimia nervosa are more sexually active and have more sexual experiences than patients suffering from anorexia nervosa, both groups of patients report more often than general population a lack of satisfaction from their sexual experiences. Other factors that are common to eating disorders and sexual dysfunction are personality traits, negative body-image, adverse childhood experiences, negative family climate and especially early traumatic experiences such as sexual abuse. Furthermore, comorbidity of eating disorders with depression may have a negative impact on the patient's sexual function. The treatment and improvement of sexual behavior is quite problematic when the patient is also suffering from an eating disorder. Eating Disorder patients are often very reluctant to discuss their sexual life with the therapist and to engage in any kind of therapeutic intervention. Comorbidity with a number of other disorders makes psychotherapy even more difficult for those patients. Furthermore, a considerable percentage of Anorexia Nervosa patients do not have any kind of sexual activity, at least until nutrition and weight are restored.
|
['Adult', 'Behavioral Symptoms', 'Feeding and Eating Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Psychological Techniques', 'Psychotherapy', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,467,034
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126'], ['F03.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.796', 'F04.669'], ['F04.754'], ['F01.145.802'], ['F03.835'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Morbidity of repeat transsphenoidal surgery assessed in more than 1000 operations.
|
UNLABELLED: OBJECT.: While transsphenoidal surgery is associated with low morbidity, the degree to which morbidity increases after reoperation remains unclear. The authors determined the morbidity associated with repeat versus initial transsphenoidal surgery after 1015 consecutive operations.METHODS: The authors conducted a 5-year retrospective review of the first 916 patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery at their institution after a pituitary center of expertise was established, and they analyzed morbidities.RESULTS: The authors analyzed 907 initial and 108 repeat transsphenoidal surgeries performed in 916 patients (9 initial surgeries performed outside the authors' center were excluded). The most common diagnoses were endocrine inactive (30%) or active (36%) adenomas, Rathke's cleft cysts (10%), and craniopharyngioma (3%). Morbidity of initial surgery versus reoperation included diabetes insipidus ([DI] 16% vs 26%; p = 0.03), postoperative hyponatremia (20% vs 16%; p = 0.3), new postoperative hypopituitarism (5% vs 8%; p = 0.3), CSF leak requiring repair (1% vs 4%; p = 0.04), meningitis (0.4% vs 3%; p = 0.02), and length of stay ([LOS] 2.8 vs 4.5 days; p = 0.006). Of intraoperative parameters and postoperative morbidities, 1) some (use of lumbar drain and new postoperative hypopituitarism) did not increase with second or subsequent reoperations (p = 0.3-0.9); 2) some (DI and meningitis) increased upon second surgery (p = 0.02-0.04) but did not continue to increase for subsequent reoperations (p = 0.3-0.9); 3) some (LOS) increased upon second surgery and increased again for subsequent reoperations (p < 0.001); and 4) some (postoperative hyponatremia and CSF leak requiring repair) did not increase upon second surgery (p = 0.3) but went on to increase upon subsequent reoperations (p = 0.001-0.02). Multivariate analysis revealed that operation number, but not sex, age, pathology, radiation therapy, or lesion size, increased the risk of CSF leak, meningitis, and increased LOS. Separate analysis of initial versus repeat transsphenoidal surgery on the 2 most common benign pituitary lesions, pituitary adenomas and Rathke's cleft cysts, revealed that the increased incidence of DI and CSF leak requiring repair seen when all pathologies were combined remained significant when analyzing only pituitary adenomas and Rathke's cleft cysts (DI, 13% vs 35% [p = 0.001]; and CSF leak, 0.3% vs 9% [p = 0.0009]).CONCLUSIONS: Repeat transsphenoidal surgery was associated with somewhat more frequent postoperative DI, meningitis, CSF leak requiring repair, and greater LOS than the low morbidity characterizing initial transsphenoidal surgery. These results provide a framework for neurosurgeons in discussing reoperation for pituitary disease with their patients.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Central Nervous System Cysts', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diabetes Insipidus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyponatremia', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Meningitis', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Pituitary Diseases', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reoperation', 'Sphenoid Bone', 'Young Adult']
| 24,834,943
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.614.250.387', 'C10.500.142', 'C10.551.240.375', 'C16.131.666.142'], ['C10.597.114', 'C10.900.300.109', 'C23.888.592.114', 'C26.915.300.225'], ['C10.597.114.750', 'C10.900.300.109.750', 'C23.888.592.114.624', 'C23.888.852.834.500', 'C26.915.300.225.750'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C12.777.419.135', 'C13.351.968.419.135', 'C19.700.159'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.950.620'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['C10.228.614'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525'], ['C10.228.140.617.738', 'C19.700'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.690'], ['A02.835.232.781.802'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of 5-fluorouracil on flexor tendon repair.
|
This study was performed to assess the effects of a single 5-minute exposure of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) applied topically at the time of flexor tendon repair in an attempt to reduce postoperative adhesions. The flexor digitorum profundus tendon to the long and fourth toe of Leghorn chickens was lacerated and primarily repaired using a 2-strand technique. The repair site was then exposed to a single 5-minute application of 5-FU in concentrations of 5, 25, or 50 mg/mL. Legs were casted for 3 weeks. After death the tendon was examined for the work of flexion using a tensile testing machine and examined with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy for morphologic and histologic differences in adhesion formation. Forty-seven chickens were examined. Average work of flexion values were 0.12 J for normal tendon, 0.31 J for operative controls, 0.34 J for the 5 mg/mL group, 0.15 J for the 25 mg/mL group, and 0.19 J for the 50 mg/mL group. The work of flexion was significantly reduced in the 25 and 50 mg/mL groups compared with the operative controls (p =.008 and p =.03, respectively). Histologic sections as graded by a blinded pathologist revealed decreased adhesion formation in all the 5-FU-treated animals (p <.008). Histologic examination showed that the highest concentration of 5-FU was not as effective at reducing adhesions as the 25 mg/mL dose. This appeared to be due to increasing inflammatory changes seen around and within the tendons of the 50 mg/mL group. Overall, a single intraoperative application of 5-FU at concentrations of 25 mg/mL appears to be an effective mechanism for reducing postoperative flexor tendon adhesions.
|
['Administration, Topical', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Chickens', 'Collagen', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fluorouracil', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Random Allocation', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reference Values', 'Tendon Injuries', 'Tendons', 'Tissue Adhesions', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Healing']
| 10,722,815
|
[['E02.319.267.120'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E05.978.810'], ['C26.874'], ['A02.880'], ['C23.550.355.274.840'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Vernier acuities of neurons in area 17 of cat visual cortex: their relation to stimulus length and velocity, orientation selectivity, and receptive-field structure.
|
The sensitivity of neurons in area 17 of the cat's visual cortex to vernier offset was expressed as the percentage reduction in response caused by the introduction of a given offset into a bar stimulus moving across the receptive field. There was a wide variation in sensitivity: in some cells response could be halved by an offset equal to a fifth receptive-field width (defined as twice the standard deviation of a Gaussian curve fitted to the response profile), while other cells showed no sensitivity. The highest absolute sensitivities of complex and simple cells were similar, although most cells with poor sensitivity were complex. Sensitivity was largely unaffected by changes in stimulus velocity and stimulus length, although there was a tendency for sensitivity to increase with decreasing bar length. Comparisons of orientation tuning curves with vernier tuning curves showed that the response to a vernier stimulus approximated the response to a single bar of the same overall length and an orientation equal to that of a line joining the midpoints of each bar. This was true for a wide range of sensitivity values. Vernier sensitivity was correlated with a measure of length summation H, which is positive when there is net facilitation between the bars, and negative when there is net inhibition. Vernier sensitivity was highest in cells with large values of H, and least in cells where H was negative. We examined a linear model of the simple cell receptive field which, together with a variable response threshold, was able to explain the correlation between vernier acuity and length summation. Although this model accounted qualitatively for many of our findings, the majority of simple cells had tuning curves that were sharper than the predicted ones. This suggests that there are nonlinearities in the behavior of many simple cells whose effect is to increase the sharpness of orientation tuning and consequently vernier sensitivity.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neurons', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Visual Acuity', 'Visual Cortex']
| 2,487,645
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of dienogest on pain and ovarian endometrioma occurrence after laparoscopic resection of uterosacral ligaments with deep infiltrating endometriosis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of dienogest (DNG) in preventing the occurrence of pain and endometriomas after laparoscopic resection of uterosacral ligaments (USLs) with deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective analysis included 126 patients who underwent laparoscopic resection of USLs with DIE followed by postoperative administration of DNG or no medication. Every 6 months postoperatively, patients answered questions and underwent ultrasound examination to identify pain and/or endometrioma.RESULT: There were three (5.0%) cases of endometrioma in 59 patients from the DNG group and 21 (31.3%) cases in 67 patients from the no medication group (P=0.0002). Pain returned to preoperative levels in eight (11.9%) cases in the no medication group. No recurrence of pain occurred in the DNG group (P=0.0061).CONCLUSION: The administration of DNG after resection of USLs with DIE significantly reduces the occurrence rate of endometriosis-related pain and endometriomas.
|
['Endometriosis', 'Female', 'Hormone Antagonists', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Nandrolone', 'Ovarian Diseases', 'Pain', 'Peritoneal Diseases', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,728,071
|
[['C13.351.500.163'], ['D06.347', 'D27.505.696.399.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.638', 'D06.472.334.851.968.976'], ['C13.351.500.056.630', 'C19.391.630'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['C06.844'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit. Evaluation with MR imaging and CT.
|
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common primary orbital malignancy of childhood. It can present insidiously, mimicking other (benign) processes clinically and radiographically. CT and MR imaging are crucial in the diagnostic evaluation, treatment planning, and follow-up monitoring of the disease. Such imaging, especially when contrast is used, can accurately detect and state the extent of tumor involvement.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Contrast Media', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gadolinium', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Infant', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orbital Neoplasms', 'Patient Care Planning', 'Rhabdomyosarcoma', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 9,884,698
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.149.721.656', 'C04.588.364.659', 'C05.116.231.754.659', 'C11.319.457', 'C11.675.659'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['C04.557.450.590.550.660', 'C04.557.450.795.550.660'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Photodegradation of nalidixic and tiaprofenic acids and nifedipine in aerobic conditions.
|
Since nalidixic acid had been previously studied in acidic and basic media, nifedipine had been investigated in anaerobic conditions and under ultraviolet light and tiaprofenic acid had not been studied at all, their photodegradation was carried out in this laboratory under milder conditions, with methanol as the solvent and using visible light. The role of oxygen was demonstrated and the photoproducts were isolated and identified spectroscopically.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Humans', 'Nalidixic Acid', 'Nifedipine', 'Oxygen', 'Photosensitivity Disorders', 'Propionates', 'Spectrum Analysis']
| 1,822,685
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.612.500', 'D03.633.100.810.835.830.500'], ['D03.383.725.203.540'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['C17.800.600'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['E05.196.867']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prediction of black box warning by mining patterns of Convergent Focus Shift in clinical trial study populations using linked public data.
|
OBJECTIVE: To link public data resources for predicting post-marketing drug safety label changes by analyzing the Convergent Focus Shift patterns among drug testing trials.METHODS: We identified 256 top-selling prescription drugs between 2003 and 2013 and divided them into 83 BBW drugs (drugs with at least one black box warning label) and 173 ROBUST drugs (drugs without any black box warning label) based on their FDA black box warning (BBW) records. We retrieved 7499 clinical trials that each had at least one of these drugs for intervention from the ClinicalTrials.gov. We stratified all the trials by pre-marketing or post-marketing status, study phase, and study start date. For each trial, we retrieved drug and disease concepts from clinical trial summaries to model its study population using medParser and SNOMED-CT. Convergent Focus Shift (CFS) pattern was calculated and used to assess the temporal changes in study populations from pre-marketing to post-marketing trials for each drug. Then we selected 68 candidate drugs, 18 with BBW warning and 50 without, that each had at least nine pre-marketing trials and nine post-marketing trials for predictive modeling. A random forest predictive model was developed to predict BBW acquisition incidents based on CFS patterns among these drugs. Pre- and post-marketing trials of BBW and ROBUST drugs were compared to look for their differences in CFS patterns.RESULTS: Among the 18 BBW drugs, we consistently observed that the post-marketing trials focused more on recruiting patients with medical conditions previously unconsidered in the pre-marketing trials. In contrast, among the 50 ROBUST drugs, the post-marketing trials involved a variety of medications for testing their associations with target intervention(s). We found it feasible to predict BBW acquisitions using different CFS patterns between the two groups of drugs. Our random forest predictor achieved an AUC of 0.77. We also demonstrated the feasibility of the predictor for identifying long-term BBW acquisition events without compromising prediction accuracy.CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes a method for post-marketing pharmacovigilance using Convergent Focus Shift (CFS) patterns in clinical trial study populations mined from linked public data resources. These signals are otherwise unavailable from individual data resources. We demonstrated the added value of linked public data and the feasibility of integrating ClinicalTrials.gov summaries and drug safety labels for post-marketing surveillance. Future research is needed to ensure better accessibility and linkage of heterogeneous drug safety data for efficient pharmacovigilance.
|
['Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Data Mining', 'Drug Labeling', 'Humans', 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'Medical Informatics', 'Models, Statistical', 'Pharmacovigilance', 'Product Surveillance, Postmarketing']
| 26,851,401
|
[['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['L01.313.500.750.280.199', 'L01.470.625'], ['E05.916.310', 'J01.576.655.750.321.400', 'J01.576.761.300.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.313.500.750.280', 'L01.470'], ['L01.313.500'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.337.800.600', 'N06.850.505.636'], ['E05.337.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Iron status of adolescent female athletes.
|
To determine whether or not adolescent female athletes were more in need of routine dietary iron supplements than their nonathlete peers, the iron status of 32 athletes and 31 nonathletes was assessed. The athletes were track-team members in the middle of their season. Hemoglobin, transferrin saturation, and serum ferritin were evaluated, as well as the amount of dietary iron intake. Athletes had significantly lower serum ferritin levels and transferrin saturation (less than 16%) than did nonathletes. Black girls were significantly lower than whites on all three values. There were also a greater number of black girls deficient in serum ferritin. We conclude that athletes may be at greater risk for iron deficiency and, therefore, for iron deficiency anemia; and black adolescents may have an increased prevalence of iron deficiency, with black female athletes being at potentially greater risk for iron deficiency and its possible consequences. We recommend a more sensitive assessment of iron status in female athletes.
|
['Adolescent', 'African Americans', 'Anemia, Hypochromic', 'Diet', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Ferritins', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Risk', 'Track and Field', 'Transferrin']
| 4,044,370
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['C15.378.071.196'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['I03.450.642.845.925'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of a new angiotensin antagonist selective for angiotensin-(1-7): evidence that the actions of angiotensin-(1-7) are mediated by specific angiotensin receptors.
|
In this study we describe a new angiotensin antagonist [Asp1-Arg2-Val3-Tyr4-Ile5-His6-D-Ala7, (A-779)] selective for the heptapeptide angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)]. A-779 blocked the antidiuretic effect of Ang-(1-7) in water-loaded rats and the changes in blood pressure produced by Ang-(1-7) microinjection into the dorsal-medial and ventrolateral medulla. In contrast, A-779 did not change the dipsogenic, pressor, or myotropic effects of angiotensin II (Ang II). Also, A-779 did not affect the antidiuretic effect of vasopressin or the contractile effects of angiotensin III, bradykinin, or substance P on the rat ileum. In the rostral ventrolateral medulla, the pressor effect produced by Ang-(1-7) microinjection was completely blocked by A-779 but not by AT1 or AT2 receptor antagonists (DUP 753 and CGP 42112A, respectively). Conversely, the pressor effect produced by Ang II was not changed by A-779 but was completely blocked by DUP 753. Binding studies substantiated these observations: A-779 did not compete significantly for 125I-Ang II binding to adrenocortical membranes at up to a 1 microM concentration. Low affinity binding was also observed in adrenomedullary membranes with an IC50 greater than 10 microM. Our results show that A-779 is a potent and selective antagonist for Ang-(1-7). More importantly, our data indicate that specific angiotensin receptors mediate the central and peripheral actions of Ang-(1-7).
|
['Adrenal Glands', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Angiotensin I', 'Angiotensin II', 'Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Diuresis', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Injections, Intraventricular', 'Male', 'Medulla Oblongata', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Angiotensin', 'Uterine Contraction']
| 7,850,477
|
[['A06.300.071'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D06.472.699.094.075', 'D12.644.400.070.075', 'D12.644.456.073.021', 'D12.644.548.058.075', 'D12.776.631.650.070.075', 'D23.469.050.050.025'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['D27.505.519.162'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G08.852.179'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['E05.481'], ['E02.319.267.530.550'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D12.644.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.047', 'D12.776.543.750.750.130'], ['G08.686.784.769.326.700', 'G11.427.494.890']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term retention assessment after simulation-based-training of pediatric procedural skills among adult emergency physicians: a multicenter observational study.
|
BACKGROUND: One of the primary goals of simulation-based education is to enable long-term retention of training gains. However, medical literature has poorly contributed to understanding the best timing for repetition of simulation sessions. There is heterogeneity in re-training recommendations.OBJECTIVES: This study assessed, through simulation-based training in different groups, the long-term retention of rare pediatric technical procedures.METHODS: This multicenter observational study included 107 emergency physicians and residents. Eighty-eight were divided into four groups that were specifically trained for pediatric emergency procedures at different points in time between 2010 and 2015 (< 0.5 year prior for G1, between 0.5 and 2 years prior for G2, between 2 and 4 years prior for G3, and ? 4 years prior for G4). An untrained control group (C) included 19 emergency physicians. Participants were asked to manage an unconscious infant using a low-fidelity mannequin. Assessment was based on the performance at 6 specific tasks corresponding to airway (A) and ventilation (B) skills. The performance (scored on 100) was evaluated by the TAPAS scale (Team Average Performance Assessment Scale). Correlation between performance and clinical level of experience was studied.RESULTS: There was a significant difference in performance between groups (p < 0.0001). For G1, 89% of the expected tasks were completed but resulted in longer delays before initiating actions than for the other groups. There was no difference between G4 and C with less than half of the tasks performed (47 and 43% respectively, p = 0.57). There was no correlation between clinical level of experience and performance (p = 0.39).CONCLUSION: Performance decreased at 6 months after specific training for pediatric emergency skills, with total loss at 4 years after training, irrespective of experience. Repetition of simulation sessions should be implemented frequently after training to improve long-term retention and the optimal rate of refresher courses requires further research.
|
['Adult', 'Child', 'Clinical Competence', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Education, Medical, Continuing', 'Emergency Medicine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Internship and Residency', 'Male', 'Physicians', 'Simulation Training', 'Task Performance and Analysis']
| 31,510,979
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I02.358.212.350', 'I02.358.399.250'], ['H02.403.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['I02.903.847'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of two distinct DR beta chain alleles at the beta III locus of the DR5 haplotype: beta III alleles are highly conserved.
|
The HLA-DR beta region of at least two members of the DRw52 (MT2) supertypic group (DR3, DR5, DRw6, and DRw8) has recently been shown to contain three beta-chain genes--beta I, beta II, and beta III, ordered in the direction of transcription. beta III is apparently a duplication of beta I. Both beta I and beta III are expressed, whereas beta II is a pseudogene. We previously reported the sequence of the DR5 beta I cDNA from the homozygous DR5 cell line Swei. We report here the sequence of two different DR5 beta III cDNA from the same cell line. The assignment of the genes of this and other members of the DRw52 supertypic group to specific loci allow comparisons between products of known alleles and between products of distinct loci. beta I allelic products showed approximately 11% divergence in the first domain, whereas beta I and beta III products showed 17% difference. These differences were clustered and found predominantly in the previously described variable regions (amino acid residues 9 through 13, 26 through 38, and 67 through 74). These data, coupled with the finding of shared variable regions among different DR beta chains, suggest gene conversion as a means of generating polymorphism in the beta I alleles. In contrast, the beta III allelic products showed less than 1% amino acid and nucleotide divergence in the first domain. These differences were outside the variable regions, and attributable to single nucleotide changes. The polymorphism at the beta I locus and the conservation at the beta III locus suggest selective pressure conserving the beta III locus and/or generating polymorphism at the beta I locus, and further suggest that gene conversion may be acting unidirectionally from beta III to beta I.
|
['Alleles', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'Genes, MHC Class II', 'HLA-D Antigens', 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Major Histocompatibility Complex']
| 3,020,126
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.600', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.600', 'G12.500.500.600'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500', 'G12.500.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Functional properties of human vascular endothelial cadherin (7B4/cadherin-5), an endothelium-specific cadherin.
|
Human vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin, 7B4/cadherin-5) is an endothelial-specific cadherin localized at the intercellular junctions. To directly investigate the functional role of this molecule we cloned the full-length cDNA from human endothelial cells and transfected its coding region into Chinese hamster ovary cells. The product of the transfected cDNA had the same molecular weight as the natural VE-cadherin in human endothelial cells, and reacted with several VE-cadherin mouse monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, it selectively concentrated at intercellular junctions, where it codistributed with alpha-catenin. VE-cadherin conferred adhesive properties to transfected cells. It mediated homophilic, calcium-dependent aggregation and cell-to-cell adhesion. In addition, it decreased intercellular permeability to high-molecular weight molecules and reduced cell migration rate across a wounded area. Thus, VE-cadherin may exert a relevant role in endothelial cell biology through control of the cohesion and organization of the intercellular junctions.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, CD', 'Base Sequence', 'CHO Cells', 'Cadherins', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Movement', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cricetinae', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Junctions', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Transfection']
| 7,627,717
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.149.165.420'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Beneficial effect of cilostazol-mediated neuronal repair following trimethyltin-induced neuronal loss in the dentate gyrus.
|
Cilostazol acts as an antiplatelet agent and has other pleiotropic effects based on phosphodiesterase-3-dependent mechanisms. We evaluated whether cilostazol would have a beneficial effect on neuronal repair following hippocampal neuronal damage by using a mouse model of trimethyltin (TMT)-induced neuronal loss/self-repair in the hippocampal dentate gyrus [Ogita et al. (2005) J Neurosci Res 82:609-621]; these mice will hereafter be referred to as impaired animals. A single treatment with cilostazol (10 mg/kg, i.p.) produced no significant change in the number of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-incorporating cells in the dentate granule cell layer (GCL) or subgranular zone on day 3 after TMT treatment. However, chronic treatment with cilostazol on days 3-15 posttreatment resulted in an increase in the number of BrdU-incorporating cells in the dentate GCL of the impaired animals, and these cells were positive for neuronal nuclear antigen or doublecortin. Cilostazol was effective in elevating the level of phosphorylated cyclic adrenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (pCREB) in the dentate gyrus of impaired animals. The results of a forced swimming test revealed that the chronic treatment with cilostazol improved the depression-like behavior seen in the impaired animals. In the cultures of hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells, exposure to cilostazol produced not only enhancement of proliferation activity but also elevation of pCREB levels. Taken together, our data suggest that cilostazol has a beneficial effect on neuronal repair following neuronal loss in the dentate gyrus through promotion of proliferation and/or neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells in the subgranular zone.
|
['Animals', 'Bromodeoxyuridine', 'CREB-Binding Protein', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cilostazol', 'Dentate Gyrus', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neural Stem Cells', 'Neurons', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Swimming', 'Tetrazoles', 'Trimethyltin Compounds']
| 25,139,675
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.742.680.852.300.150', 'D13.570.230.430.196', 'D13.570.685.852.300.150'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.415.500.575.249', 'D12.776.930.680.300'], ['G04.146'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D03.383.129.617.293', 'D03.633.100.810.069'], ['A08.186.211.180.405.200', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345.200'], ['E05.481'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A11.872.653'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['G11.427.410.568.800', 'G11.427.410.698.277.875', 'I03.350.875', 'I03.450.642.845.945.500'], ['D03.383.129.617'], ['D02.691.850.900.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Automatic Analysis of Lateral Cephalograms Based on Multiresolution Decision Tree Regression Voting.
|
Cephalometric analysis is a standard tool for assessment and prediction of craniofacial growth, orthodontic diagnosis, and oral-maxillofacial treatment planning. The aim of this study is to develop a fully automatic system of cephalometric analysis, including cephalometric landmark detection and cephalometric measurement in lateral cephalograms for malformation classification and assessment of dental growth and soft tissue profile. First, a novel method of multiscale decision tree regression voting using SIFT-based patch features is proposed for automatic landmark detection in lateral cephalometric radiographs. Then, some clinical measurements are calculated by using the detected landmark positions. Finally, two databases are tested in this study: one is the benchmark database of 300 lateral cephalograms from 2015 ISBI Challenge, and the other is our own database of 165 lateral cephalograms. Experimental results show that the performance of our proposed method is satisfactory for landmark detection and measurement analysis in lateral cephalograms.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cephalometry', 'Child', 'Decision Trees', 'Diagnosis, Oral', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiography, Dental', 'Regression Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 30,581,546
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.024.250', 'E05.041.250', 'N06.850.505.200.100.300'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G17.162.500'], ['E06.342'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E01.370.350.700.720', 'E06.342.764'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Interstitial deletion of chromosome 7 detected in three unrelated patients.
|
Chromosome studies were carried out on three patients for the following reasons: (1) growth retardation and mental subnormality in a boy; (2) marked developmental delay in a female infant; (3) routine check on a man whose wife had a stillborn with congenital anomalies. An interstitial deletion at 7q11::7q21 was observed in all three cases.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Chromosome Deletion', 'Chromosomes', 'Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X', 'Female', 'Growth Disorders', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Karyotyping', 'Male']
| 669,706
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.210.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.029.530.175', 'G05.365.590.175.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.762.180', 'G05.558.800.180', 'G05.700.131.500.500'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325'], ['C23.550.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Utility of echocardiography in patients with suspected mitral valve prolapse.
|
PURPOSE: Echocardiography has become a widely utilized test since its introduction into clinical medicine in the early 1970s. Although it has frequently been performed in patients suspected of having mitral valve prolapse (MVP), its usefulness in this setting has not been systematically studied. To investigate the use and value of echocardiography in patients suspected of having MVP, we conducted a prospective study in which physicians were interviewed before and after ordering echocardiographic testing for patients in whom there was a suspicion of MVP.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study population included consecutive patients referred to the echocardiography laboratory at Boston University Medical Center because of suspected MVP between January 1 and December 31, 1987. Two standardized telephone interviews were conducted with the physician most responsible for ordering the echocardiogram. The following information was obtained during the first interview, which was always conducted before the echocardiogram was performed: patient demographic and clinical data; the reason for ordering the echocardiogram; the physician's most likely clinical diagnosis; the physician's estimate of the likelihood that the patient had MVP; and the physician's proposed management plans. After the referring physician received the echocardiographic results, a second interview was conducted to determine changes in the most likely clinical diagnosis and management plans. The impact of the echocardiogram on diagnosis and management was evaluated by comparing physician responses before and after reception of echocardiographic results. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess the physician's skills at distinguishing patients with echocardiographic-documented MVP from those without MVP.RESULTS: A total of 106 echocardiograms were ordered by 45 different physicians. More than 80% of all echocardiograms were ordered to address diagnostic or therapeutic concerns. On echocardiography, 47 (44%) patients were found to have MVP, six (6%) had mitral regurgitation without prolapse, and 53 (50%) had normal results. On the basis of the ROC curve analysis, the physician's ability to discriminate between patients with and without echocardiographic MVP varied significantly by physician specialty and practice setting. The echocardiographic results led to a change in diagnosis in 59 (56%) patients. A change in management occurred in 29 (27%) patients, with 25 of these 29 changes (86%) related to the initiation or discontinuation of antibiotics.CONCLUSIONS: Echocardiography frequently alters diagnostic assessments and leads to therapeutic changes in some patients suspected of having MVP. However, the benefits of such changes have not yet been demonstrated.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiology', 'Decision Making', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internal Medicine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve Prolapse', 'Patient Care Planning', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Prospective Studies', 'ROC Curve']
| 2,801,727
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['H02.403.429.163'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.484.400.500'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Gardasil™ HPV vaccination: surveillance of vaccine usage and adherence in a military population.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the usage patterns and adherence rates with the quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccine at Naval Medical Center San Diego.METHODS: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted by using AHLTA (Electronic Health Record of DoD) to identify all qHPV recipients between 2006 and 2009. Charts were reviewed to extract demographic variables and immunization schedules for association analysis. Subjects were assigned intention-to-treat (ITT) if they initiated the series and reached the 1-year anniversary after dose-1 or in-progress (IP) if the series was incomplete and within 1-year. ITT subjects were designated non-adherent or adherent based on 1-2 or 3 doses received.RESULTS: 6792 females and 46 males with respective mean ages (years) of 19 (95% CI: 10-29) and 27 (95% CI: 9-46) initiated the qHPV series. The evaluable ITT population consisted of 5088 females and 31 males. The adherence rate for females was 32% (1656/5088) versus 3% (1/31) for males. For females, adherence declined from 45%, 24%, to 14% with respect to increasing age: 8-17, 18-26, 27-50years. Adherence declined accordingly by beneficiary status: dependent daughters (43%), spouses (21%) and active duty (16%); and by clinic of vaccine initiation: Pediatrics/Adolescent (45%), Primary Care (38%), Immunization (21%), and OB/GYN (9%). Males were predominantly active duty 84%, vaccinated through immunization clinics 84%, and poorly adherent 3%.CONCLUSIONS: Optimal HPV immunization efficacy is derived from vaccine adherence and HPV naivety. This study of qHPV adherence has provided insight into real-world suboptimal use post-marketing. Usage patterns and adherence rates were significantly associated with demographic characteristics.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Military Personnel', 'Papillomavirus Vaccines', 'Patient Compliance', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Vaccination']
| 21,864,887
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.625'], ['D20.215.894.899.498'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Principles governing heart failure therapy re-examined relative to standard evidence-based medicine-driven guidelines.
|
Although all aspects of clinical work nowadays are modified by the pervading influence of evidence-based medicine (EBM) and multiplicative guidelines, not many clinicians realize that the underlying premise of EBM-driven guidelines is a particular strain of consequentialist ideology. Subservience to this ideology has transformed modern medical practice, but there is a real risk of distorting good medical practice, of belittling clinical judgement, of disempowering clinicians, and subjecting patients to skewed medical reality and treatment options. With so many heart failure (HF) guidelines issued by various august bodies, it is therefore timely to reappraise principles governing modern HF therapy with a fresh examination of the hierarchy of medical imperatives, the role of alternatives to consequentialism including deontological principles in HF therapy. In addition, other ideology worth re-examining, aside from EBM, are the principle of appropriate definition of HF underlying therapeutic goals and the principle of prioritizing objectives of HF therapy. Even within standard EBM, there are many questions to reconsider: about what types of evidence are admissible, different interpretations of available evidence, emphasizing patient-centered outcome measures instead of randomized controlled trials quantifiable therapeutic outcomes, how to prescribe drugs for prognostic versus symptomatic benefits, and how to deliver HF therapy based on pathophysiological features through mechanistic considerations and not just confined to randomized controlled trials or meta-analytical statistical imperatives. Through re-examination of these fundamental principles of HF therapy, it is hoped that clinicians will be empowered to manage HF patients more holistically and better deliver HF therapies in the best interest of each individual patient.
|
['Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Heart Failure', 'Holistic Health', 'Humans', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Prognosis']
| 21,932,956
|
[['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E02.190.321', 'K01.752.667.710', 'N01.400.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Involvement of non-protein thiols, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species and p53 in honey-induced apoptosis.
|
Honey is a complex mixture of different biologically active constituents. Honey possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor properties. Our chief investigation was to assess the honey induced apoptosis and its molecular mechanism in colon cancer cell growth inhibition. Honey exerted antiproliferative potential against the HCT-15 and HT-29 colon cancer cells as assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Flow cytometric analysis showed the increasing accumulation of hypodiploid nuclei in the sub-G(1) phase of cell cycle indicating apoptosis. Honey transduced the apoptotic signal via initial depletion of intracellular non protein thiols, consequently reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. An increasing earlier lipid layer break was observed in the treated cells compared to the control. Honey induced apoptosis was accompanied by up-regulating the p53 and modulating the expression of pro and anti-apoptotic proteins. Further apoptosis induction was substantiated using DNA fragmentation assay and YO-PRO-1 staining. Results showed honey as a plausible candidate for induction of apoptosis through ROS and mitochondria-dependent mechanisms in colon cancer cells. This will promote honey as a potential chemotherapeutic agent against colon cancer.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Size', 'Flow Cytometry', 'HT29 Cells', 'Honey', 'Humans', 'Lipids', 'Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial', 'Mitochondria', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 19,705,065
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.325'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A11.251.210.190.475', 'A11.251.860.180.475', 'A11.436.365'], ['G07.203.300.581', 'J02.500.581'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10'], ['G03.295.770.500', 'G04.580.550', 'G07.265.675.550'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D02.886.489'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Piper peltatum: biomass and 4-nerolidylcatechol production.
|
Piper peltatum L. is used for the treatment of inflammation, malaria, and other ailments. 4-Nerolidylcatechol (4-NC) is a valuable natural product that has important anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and antioxidant properties. 4-NC is a component of P. peltatum and P. umbellatum extracts, which are used in cosmetics. The aim of this work was to evaluate the production of plant biomass and the production of 4-NC in roots of cultivated P. peltatum over a full life cycle. Seedlings were produced in a greenhouse and then transplanted. The weight of dry plant parts (leaves, stems, roots, and inflorescences); numbers of stems, leaves, and inflorescences; and the leaf-to-stem ratio were evaluated at intervals of 60 days after transplanting (DAT). Extracts were prepared using 1:1 ethanol-chloroform and an ultrasound bath. Roots, leaves, and inflorescences contained 4-NC according to TLC photodensitometry analysis. Quantification of 4-NC in root extracts was performed using HPLC-DAD analysis. Per-hectare production of 4-NC by roots was estimated based on quantitative HPLC analysis and biomass data. Optimal per-hectare yields of 4-NC were obtained by harvesting roots between 350 and 400 DAT. In this period, the average yield was 27 kg 4-NC per hectare. Importantly, at the time of maximal overall production of root biomass (470 DAT), there was a decrease in the production of 4-NC (23.8 kg/ha), probably due to the onset of senescence.
|
['Biomass', 'Catechols', 'Piper', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Roots', 'Plant Structures', 'Plants, Medicinal']
| 20,195,961
|
[['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.166'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.812.666'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.400'], ['A18'], ['B01.650.560']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Social avoidance and distress: its relationship to self-confidence, and needs for affiliation, change, dominance, and deference.
|
Introductory psychology students (N = 289) completed questionnaires to assess levels of Social Avoidance and Distress (SAD), as well as scales to measure self-confidence (S-Cfd), need for Affiliation (nAff), need for Change (nCha), need for Dominance (nDom), and need for Deference (nDef). As a function of SAD, significant differences were revealed on all dependent measures. Persons who exhibited higher levels of SAD had lower levels of S-Cfd, nAff, nCha, and nDom, while they exhibited higher levels of nDef. People distressed by social interaction are likely to be less self-confident and to exhibit lower needs for affiliation, change, and dominance, while they exhibited a stronger need to defer to others' judgments and opinions.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Assertiveness', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Personality Development', 'Personality Inventory', 'Psychometrics', 'Self Concept', 'Social Adjustment', 'Social Dominance']
| 6,630,547
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.752.049'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F01.752.747'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.813.621'], ['F01.145.813.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
â-blocker prevents sudden cardiac death in patients with hemodialysis.
|
BACKGROUND: Beta blockers were shown to prevent SCD in cardiomyopathy or coronary artery disease patients. Dialysis patients show elevated mortality rates, predominantly due to cardiovascular disease. SCD is now one of the leading causes of death in this population. However, the prevention of SCD remains to be elucidated.METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 316 patients from a database of all patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and followed up for 4.9 years. All patients were followed-up until death. Cox regression analysis was used to adjust the hazard ratio for beta blocker use with time until death.RESULTS: SCD occurred during the study period in 3 (3.8%) patients in the beta blocker group and in 27 (11.4%) patients in the non-beta blocker group (P=0.047). Death from all causes occurred in 15 (18.8%) patients in the beta blocker group and in 97 (41.3%) patients in the non-beta blocker group (P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the rates of both SCD and all-cause death were lower in the beta blocker group (log-rank test, P=0.028 and P<0.001, respectively). In the Cox regression model, beta blocker use was significantly associated with lower adjusted risk of SCD (multivariate adjusted hazard ratio, 0.201; 95% confidence interval, 0.058-0.693; P=0.011).CONCLUSION: In hemodialysis patients, beta blocker use was associated with lower risks of SCD and death from all causes. Thus, beta blocker use in this high-risk population may substantially improve outcome.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Aged', 'Databases, Factual', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 21,996,409
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Amplified fragment length polymorphism mapping of quantitative trait loci for malaria parasite susceptibility in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti.
|
The yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti has been the subject of extensive genetic research due to its medical importance and the ease with which it can be manipulated in the laboratory. A molecular genetic linkage map was constructed using 148 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and six single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) markers. Eighteen AFLP primer combinations were used to genotype two reciprocal F2 segregating populations. Each primer combination generated an average of 8.2 AFLP markers eligible for linkage mapping. The length of the integrated map was 180.9 cM, giving an average marker resolution of 1.2 cM. Composite interval mapping revealed a total of six QTL significantly affecting Plasmodium susceptibility in the two reciprocal crosses of Ae. aegypti. Two common QTL on linkage group 2 were identified in both crosses that had similar effects on the phenotype, and four QTL were unique to each cross. In one cross, the four main QTL accounted for 64% of the total phenotypic variance, and digenic epistasis explained 11.8% of the variance. In the second cross, the four main QTL explained 66% of the variance, and digenic epistasis accounted for 16% of the variance. The actions of these QTL were either dominance or underdominance. Our results indicated that at least three new QTL were mapped on chromosomes 1 and 3. The polygenic nature of susceptibility to P. gallinaceum and epistasis are important factors for significant variation within or among mosquito strains. The new map provides additional information useful for further genetic investigation, such as identification of new genes and positional cloning.
|
['Aedes', 'Animals', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'DNA Primers', 'Epistasis, Genetic', 'Insect Vectors', 'Phenotype', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Quantitative Trait Loci', 'Yellow Fever']
| 16,624,910
|
[['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.393.183'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.308.207'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['G05.360.340.024.380.937'], ['C01.920.500.980', 'C01.925.081.980', 'C01.925.782.350.250.980', 'C01.925.782.417.881']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Conditional activation of RET/PTC3 and BRAFV600E in thyroid cells is associated with gene expression profiles that predict a preferential role of BRAF in extracellular matrix remodeling.
|
Papillary thyroid cancers (PTC) are associated with nonoverlapping mutations of genes coding for mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling effectors (i.e., the TK receptors RET or NTRK and the signaling proteins RAS and BRAF). We examined the pattern of gene expression after activation of these oncoproteins in thyroid PCCL3 cells, with the goal of identifying pathways or gene subsets that may account for the phenotypic differences observed in human cancers. We hybridized cDNA from cells treated with or without doxycycline to induce expression of BRAF(V600E), RET/PTC3, or RET/PTC3 with small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of BRAF, respectively, to slides arrayed with a rat 70-mer oligonucleotide library consisting of 27,342 oligos. Among the RET/PTC3-induced genes, 2,552 did not require BRAF as they were similarly regulated by RET/PTC3 with or without BRAF knockdown and not by expression of BRAF(V600E). Immune response and IFN-related genes were highly represented in this group. About 24% of RET/PTC3-regulated genes were BRAF dependent, as they were similarly modified by RET/PTC3 and BRAF(V600E) but not in cells expressing RET/PTC3 with knockdown of BRAF. A gene cluster coding for components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain pathway was down-regulated in this group, potentially altering regulation of cell viability. Metalloproteinases were also preferentially induced by BRAF, particularly matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3), MMP9, and MMP13. Accordingly, conditional expression of BRAF was associated with markedly increased invasion into Matrigel compared with cells expressing RET/PTC3. The preferential induction of MMPs by BRAF could explain in part the more invasive behavior of thyroid cancers with BRAF mutations.
|
['Animals', 'Carcinoma, Papillary', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Doxycycline', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Isoenzymes', 'Matrix Metalloproteinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret', 'Rats', 'Thyroid Neoplasms']
| 16,818,623
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.470.200.360', 'C04.557.470.700.360'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.200', 'D04.615.562.900.200'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.370'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.842.374', 'D12.644.360.400.842.374', 'D12.776.476.400.842.437', 'D12.776.624.664.700.204.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.087', 'D12.776.395.550.200.188.500', 'D12.776.543.131.500', 'D12.776.543.750.630.217', 'D12.776.624.664.700.194'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Choroidal thickness measurement in children using optical coherence tomography.
|
PURPOSE: To measure choroidal thickness (CT) in children of various ages by using spectral optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging and to investigate the association between subfoveal CT and ocular axial length, age, gender, weight, and height in children.METHODS: Healthy children were prospectively included between May and August 2012. Optical coherence tomography with the enhanced depth imaging system (Spectralis, Heidelberg, Germany) was used for choroidal imaging at nine defined points of the macula of both eyes. Axial length was measured using IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA). Height, weight, and refraction were recorded. Interobserver agreement in readings was also assessed by the Bland-Altman Method.RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-eight eyes from 174 children aged 3.5 years to 14.9 years were imaged. The mean subfoveal CT in right eyes was 341.96 ± 74.7 µm. Choroidal thickness increased with age (r = 0.24, P = 0.017), height, and weight but not with gender (P > 0.05). It was also inversely correlated to the axial length (r = 0.24, P = 0.001). The nasal choroid appeared thinner than in the temporal area (analysis of variance, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: In children, CT increases with age and is inversely correlated to axial length. There is a significant variation of CT between children of the same age.
|
['Adolescent', 'Aging', 'Axial Length, Eye', 'Body Constitution', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Choroid', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Prospective Studies', 'Refraction, Ocular', 'Sex Distribution', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence']
| 24,013,259
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G07.345.124'], ['A09.371.199', 'E01.370.600.115.100.660.500'], ['E01.370.600.115', 'G07.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A09.371.894.223'], ['M01.774.500', 'M01.955.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.380.850.700', 'G01.590.775', 'G14.760'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in human prostate cancer: in situ and in vitro expression of VEGF by human prostate cancer cells.
|
PURPOSE: A growing body of literature supports the role of angiogenesis in the development and spread of a variety of human cancers including prostate cancer (Pca). Angiogenesis is controlled by chemical signals known as angiogenic factors (AF) however, little is known about angiogenesis factors in prostate cancer. We evaluated the in situ and in vitro expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic factor, in archival prostate cancer specimens and prostate cancer cell cultures during unstimulated and cytokine stimulated conditions.METHODS: Ex-vivo studies involved immunohistochemical analysis for VEGF expression and distribution in 25 archival specimens including, prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and normal prostate tissue. In-vitro studies utilized prostate cancer cells (DU-145) grown in culture and stimulated with cytokines thought to induce VEGF (i.e. IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha and TNF-beta). Cell culture supernatants were analyzed by ELISA for VEGF levels.RESULTS: Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that in 20 of 25 specimens prostate cancers cells stained positively for VEGF. BPH and normal prostate cells displayed little staining for VEGF. DU-145 prostate cancer cells produced low levels of VEGF in unstimulated conditions. Induction of DU-145 cells with cytokines resulted in differential stimulation whereby TNF was a potent inducer of VEGF, and IL-1 produced lesser but statistically significant increases in VEGF expression.CONCLUSIONS: Our immunohistochemical results indicate that significant levels of VEGF are present in prostate cancer, but not in BPH or normal prostate cells in-vivo. In-vitro studies suggest that differential regulation of angiogenesis factor expression by IL-1 and TNF occurs in prostate cancer. Identifying the angiogenesis factors involved in prostate cancer growth and understanding their regulation will lead to the development of anti-angiogenic strategies useful for diagnostic studies and therapeutic interventions.
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymphokines', 'Male', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors']
| 9,146,665
|
[['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.390', 'D12.776.467.390', 'D23.529.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D12.644.276.100.800', 'D12.776.467.100.800', 'D23.529.100.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Effects of Boundary Conditions and Friction on the Helical Buckling of Coiled Tubing in an Inclined Wellbore.
|
Analytical buckling models are important for down-hole operations to ensure the structural integrity of the drill string. A literature survey shows that most published analytical buckling models do not address the effects of inclination angle, boundary conditions or friction. The objective of this paper is to study the effects of boundary conditions, friction and angular inclination on the helical buckling of coiled tubing in an inclined wellbore. In this paper, a new theoretical model is established to describe the buckling behavior of coiled tubing. The buckling equations are derived by applying the principles of virtual work and minimum potential energy. The proper solution for the post-buckling configuration is determined based on geometric and natural boundary conditions. The effects of angular inclination and boundary conditions on the helical buckling of coiled tubing are considered. Many significant conclusions are obtained from this study. When the dimensionless length of the coiled tubing is greater than 40, the effects of the boundary conditions can be ignored. The critical load required for helical buckling increases as the angle of inclination and the friction coefficient increase. The post-buckling behavior of coiled tubing in different configurations and for different axial loads is determined using the proposed analytical method. Practical examples are provided that illustrate the influence of the angular inclination on the axial force. The rate of change of the axial force decreases with increasing angular inclination. Moreover, the total axial friction also decreases with an increasing inclination angle. These results will help researchers to better understand helical buckling in coiled tubing. Using this knowledge, measures can be taken to prevent buckling in coiled tubing during down-hole operations.
|
['Algorithms', 'Extraction and Processing Industry', 'Friction', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Petroleum', 'Pressure', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 27,649,535
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['J01.576.655.875'], ['G01.374.618'], ['E05.599'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
ã-Oryzanol-Rich Black Rice Bran Extract Enhances the Innate Immune Response.
|
The innate immune response is an important host primary defense system against pathogens. ã-Oryzanol is one of the nutritionally important phytoceutical components in rice bran oil. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of ã-oryzanol-rich extract from black rice bran (ãORE) on the activation of the innate immune system. In this study, we show that ãORE increased the expression of CD14 and Toll-like receptor 4 and enhanced the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, ãORE and its active ingredient ã-oryzanol promoted the secretion of innate cytokines, interleukin-8, and CCL2, which facilitate phagocytosis by RAW264.7 cells. These findings suggest that ã-oryzanol in the ãORE enhances innate immune responses.
|
['Animals', 'Chemokine CCL2', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Interleukin-8', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Oryza', 'Phenylpropionates', 'Plant Extracts', 'RAW 264.7 Cells', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4']
| 28,686,509
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.990.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.990.600', 'D23.125.300.110.990.600', 'D23.469.200.110.990.600', 'D23.529.374.200.110.990.500'], ['G12.450.564'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['D02.241.223.701'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A11.251.210.172.875', 'A11.733.397.815'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrophysiological evidence for the presence of fibers in continuity between dorsal and ventral roots in the cat.
|
Action potentials were recorded from the L7 or S1 dorsal root of the cat following stimulation of the peripheral end of the cut ventral root of the same segment. Conversely, action potentials were also recorded from the ventral root while stimulating the peripheral end of the cut dorsal root. Based on the conduction velocities of 52 single fibers, one-third were A delta-fibers and the remaining two-thirds belonged to the C-fiber category. These results suggest that there are both A- and C-fibers in continuity between the dorsal and the ventral root.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Ganglia, Spinal', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Nerve Fibers, Myelinated', 'Neural Conduction', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Reaction Time', 'Spinal Cord', 'Spinal Nerve Roots']
| 4,027,602
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['A08.340.390.340', 'A08.800.350.340', 'A08.800.800.720.725.350'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['A08.675.542.512', 'A11.671.501.512', 'A11.671.514'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['A08.186.854'], ['A08.800.800.720.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Raising enthusiasm for the medical care of elderly patients: a concept mapping study to find elements for an elderly friendly medical curriculum.
|
BACKGROUND: To deliver high quality of care for the growing population of older patients more geriatricians are needed. However, the interest of medical students for a career in geriatrics is lagging behind due to a lack of exposure, the nature of the work, and the low status and financial rewards. So far, only isolated interventions aimed at enhancing interest and/or attitudes with regard to geriatrics have been studied, pointing to the need for a broader-based strategy. The goal of this research is to find elements for a curriculum framework that can raise medical students' enthusiasm for the medical care of elderly patients.METHODS: We used the concept mapping method developed by Trochim. This computer-assisted procedure consists of five steps: brainstorming, prioritizing and clustering with several experts, followed by processing by the computer and analysis.RESULTS: The views that were generated were grouped into the following clusters: a patient-centered medical curriculum, a curriculum representative of patient population, geriatrics presented as intellectually challenging and emotionally appealing, senior-friendly role models, a clear professional perspective. The results are presented in the form of a graphic chart.CONCLUSIONS: An agenda to discuss the necessary actions for drastic curricular reforms in medical schools is set. This may give some guidance to this urgent, but highly complicated issue how to make medical student enthusiastic for the medical care for elderly patients.
|
['Aged', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Career Choice', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Medical, Undergraduate', 'Geriatrics', 'Health Services Research', 'Humans', 'Netherlands', 'Schools, Medical', 'Students, Medical']
| 30,342,513
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F02.463.785.373.346.400'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.399.450'], ['H02.403.355'], ['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578'], ['M01.848.769.602']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Expression of a novel bi-directional Brassica napus promoter in soybean.
|
The expression profile of a natural bi-directional promoter, derived from the Brassica napus EPSPS-A gene, was studied in transgenic soybean (Glycine max C.V. Maverick) lines. Two constructs, pDAB100331 and pDAB100333, were assembled to test the bi-directionality of the promoter. Two reporter genes, gfp and gusA, were employed and they were interchangeably placed in both constructs, one on each end of the promoter such that both proteins expressed divergently in each construct. In the T0 generation, GUS expression was more uniform throughout the leaf of pDAB100333 transgenic plants, where the gusA gene was expressed from the downstream or EPSPS-A end of the bi-directional promoter. Comparatively, GUS expression was more localized in the midrib and veins of the leaf of pDAB100331 transgenic plants, where the gusA gene was expressed from the upstream end of the bi-directional promoter. These observations indicated a unique expression pattern from each end of the promoter and consistently higher expression in genes expressed from the downstream end (e.g., EPSPS-A end) of the promoter in the tissues examined. The GFP expression pattern followed that of GUS when placed in the same position relative to the promoter. In the T1 generation, transcript analysis also showed higher expression of both gusA and gfp when those genes were located at the downstream end of the promoter. Accordingly, the pDAB100331 events exhibited a higher gfp/gusA transcript ratio, while pDAB100333 events produced a higher gusA/gfp transcript ratio consistent with the observations in T0 plants. These results demonstrated that the EPSPS-A gene bidirectional promoter can be effectively utilized to drive expression of two transgenes for the desired traits.
|
['3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase', "5' Untranslated Regions", 'Brassica napus', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Soybeans']
| 28,916,981
|
[['D08.811.913.225.735'], ['D13.444.735.544.875.885', 'D13.444.735.790.878.885', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.885', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.885'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200.249'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Loss of androgen receptor expression predicts early recurrence in triple-negative and basal-like breast cancer.
|
Treatment of triple-negative invasive breast cancers, defined by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors and c-erbB2 expression, remains challenging. Androgen receptor, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that is involved in signaling pathways regulating cell proliferation, has been implicated in breast tumorigenesis. We immunohistochemically examined the expression of androgen receptor, basal markers (CK14, 34âE12) and EGFR in 699 triple-negative invasive breast cancers in tissue microarrays using the streptavidin-biotin method, and correlated the findings with clinical outcome. Positive androgen receptor expression was defined as staining of 1% or more of tumor cell nuclei. Survival outcomes were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between groups with log-rank statistics. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the effect of androgen receptor on survival outcomes. Immunohistochemical positivity was observed in 38% of tumors, with the proportion of stained tumor cells ranging from 1 to 95% (mean 29%, median 10%). Androgen receptor expression was inversely associated with histologic grade and mitotic score. CK14, 34âE12 and EGFR confirmed 85% of cases to be basal-like, without significant association of basal-like phenotype with androgen receptor expression. Disease-free survival was significantly better in androgen receptor-positive triple-negative breast cancer, with a trend for improved overall survival. Decreased recurrence likelihood in both triple-negative and basal-like tumors (hazard ratio, 0.704; 95% confidence intervals, 0.498-0.994; P=0.0464; and hazard ratio, 0.675; 95% confidence intervals, 0.468-0.974; P=0.0355, respectively) was noted within 5 years of diagnosis but not thereafter. Our study suggests that loss of androgen receptor in triple-negative breast cancers augurs a worse prognosis, including those with basal-like features. More work in elucidating its relationship with mechanisms of progression, as well as trials of targeted treatment for androgen receptor-expressing triple-negative tumors, needs to be performed.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Receptors, Androgen', 'Tissue Array Analysis', 'Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms']
| 23,929,266
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['D12.776.826.750.150'], ['E05.588.570.850'], ['C04.588.180.788', 'C17.800.090.500.788']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Outcomes of Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment of Psychiatric Patients with Comorbid Hepatitis C Virus Infection.
|
BACKGROUND: The highest burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is seen in patients with psychiatric disorders who have been excluded from traditional treatments with Interferon due to treatment-emergent neuropsychiatric adverse effects. The goal of this study is to determine the tolerability, treatment retention, and efficacy of direct-acting antivirals with psychiatric disorders and comorbid substance use disorders in real-life settings.METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort observational study of HCV patients treated with direct-acting antivirals between January 2016 and December 2018. Patients were stratified and sub-stratified based on their psychiatric diagnosis and substance use. The primary assessment was the sustained virologic response at 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12).RESULTS: Among the 291 patients analyzed, patients with psychiatric diagnosis and non-psychiatric patients made up 51.2% (n = 149) and 48.8% (n = 142) respectively. Majority of the patients included in the study were African-Americans (68.7%, n = 200). Overall, 95.3% (142/149) and 94.4% (134/142) of psychiatric and non-psychiatric patients, respectively, achieved SVR12 and treatment response was similar between the groups (p = 0.72). Among psychiatric patients, only the prior treatment status was identified as a predictor of treatment response (OR 0.153, 95% CI 0.03-0.79; p = 0.05). No statistical difference was observed among the patients with SVR12 based on their primary psychiatric diagnoses or by comorbid substance abuse.CONCLUSION: The results of our study show that direct-acting antiviral treatments are well tolerated in psychiatric patients, and an overwhelming majority of patients achieved SVR12. Our study highlights the need to integrate HCV screening with treatment linkage in psychiatry and primary care practice.
|
['Antiviral Agents', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Sustained Virologic Response', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,494,648
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['E01.789.800.570', 'N04.761.559.590.800.665', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.665'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Smoking, alcohol and caffeine consumption of mothers before, during and after pregnancy--results of the study 'breast-feeding habits in Bavaria'].
|
AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this analysis of the study 'Breast-feeding habits in Bavaria' is to describe the smoking habits, alcohol and caffeine consumption of mothers in Bavaria before, during and after pregnancy. Furthermore, we asked about the environmental tabacco smoke exposition of pregnant women and infants. The influence of consumption habits on breast-feeding is quantified and the distribution of the risky habits in the population is characterised.METHODS: The study 'Breast-feeding habits in Bavaria' is a prospective cohort study which was carried out from April 2005 to January 2006. Some 3 822 mothers throughout Bavaria who had delivered a baby in April 2005 participated in the basic survey. Methods and first results have already been published. The participants were asked in 4 follow-up questionnaires about breast-feeding habits, smoking habits, and alcohol and caffeine consumption. The follow-up rate was 82%. Only participants with a complete follow-up were included into this analysis (n=3 103).RESULTS: Some 23.7% of the mothers smoked before pregnancy. The percentage of women reporting any smoking during pregnancy was 9.8%. More than half (53%) of the ex-smokers started to smoke again up to the end of month 9 after delivery. 25.3% of the mothers reported any alcohol consumption during pregnancy, 69.0% of pregnant women were drinking caffeine-containing beverages. The consumption rates were reduced clearly during pregnancy. Smoking had a higher prevalence in the group of young women with low school education, alcohol consumption in the group of elder women with high school education. Mothers born in Germany smoked significantly more than mothers with a migration background. Smoking had a significant, dose-dependent negative influence on a breast-feeding duration of <4 full months exclusive breast-feeding (1-5 cigarettes/day, odds ratio (OR) 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31-3.18; >5 cigarettes/day, OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.42-4.54). Caffeine consumption also had a significant negative influence on the breast-feeding duration (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.25-1.79), whereas alcohol consumption did not.CONCLUSION: Alcohol consumption, smoking and coffee consumption are common in the population of pregnant women. Apart from established preventive initiatives, additional measures focussed on young pregnant women with low school education can lower smoking rates in this risk group. More attention should be given to the topic alcohol consumption in pregnancy.
|
['Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Breast Feeding', 'Caffeine', 'Cohort Studies', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Mothers', 'Pregnancy', 'Prevalence', 'Smoking', 'Young Adult']
| 19,326,332
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['F01.145.805'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Plasmoredoxin, a novel redox-active protein unique for malarial parasites.
|
Thioredoxins are a group of small redox-active proteins involved in cellular redox regulatory processes as well as antioxidant defense. Thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, and tryparedoxin are members of the thioredoxin superfamily and share structural and functional characteristics. In the malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, a functional thioredoxin and glutathione system have been demonstrated and are considered to be attractive targets for antimalarial drug development. Here we describe the identification and characterization of a novel 22 kDa redox-active protein in P. falciparum. As demonstrated by in silico sequence analyses, the protein, named plasmoredoxin (Plrx), is highly conserved but found exclusively in malarial parasites. It is a member of the thioredoxin superfamily but clusters separately from other members in a phylogenetic tree. We amplified the gene from a gametocyte cDNA library and overexpressed it in E. coli. The purified gene product can be reduced by glutathione but much faster by dithiols like thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, trypanothione and tryparedoxin. Reduced Plrx is active in an insulin-reduction assay and reduces glutathione disulfide with a rate constant of 640 m-1.s-1 at pH 6.9 and 25 degrees C; glutathione-dependent reduction of H2O2 and hydroxyethyl disulfide by Plrx is negligible. Furthermore, plasmoredoxin provides electrons for ribonucleotide reductase, the enzyme catalyzing the first step of DNA synthesis. As demonstrated by Western blotting, the protein is present in blood-stage forms of malarial parasites. Based on these results, plasmoredoxin offers the opportunity to improve diagnostic tools based on PCR or immunological reactions. It may also represent a specific target for antimalarial drug development and is of phylogenetic interest.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Disulfides', 'Glutathione Disulfide', 'Insulin', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phylogeny', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Protozoan Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Thioredoxins']
| 12,631,266
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['D12.644.456.448.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['D12.776.820'], ['E05.393.751'], ['D12.776.915']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Practitioner facing depression (author's transl)].
|
The author underlines how important it is not to neglect an organical illness, particularly if the patient is of age since it is easy to diagnosticate a depression. He enumarates the various complementary examinations which, combined to a clinical one would allow to reject an organical cause.
|
['Alcoholism', 'Cerebrovascular Disorders', 'Coronary Disease', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Humans', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Time Factors']
| 7,318,768
|
[['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['C10.228.140.300', 'C14.907.253'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['F03.600.300'], ['C19.246.099'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Feasibility of unilateral or bilateral nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy in patients with cervical cancer and evaluation of the post-surgery recovery of the bladder and rectal function].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of unilateral or bilateral nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy and evaluate the recovery of bladder and bowel function postoperatively.METHODS: From August 2008 to October 2009, sixty-one patients with cervical cancer stage Ib1 to IIa underwent radical hysterectomy (33 cases) and nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (28 cases). Unilateral nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was performed in 10 patients, and bilateral nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (BNS) was performed in 18 patients. The data of operation time, blood loss, postoperative hospital stay days, residual urine volume, and postoperative complications were collected. The postoperative recovery of bladder and bowel function was evaluated.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH) and radical hysterectomy (RH) groups in operation time [NSRH: (224.5 ± 40.0) min, RH: (176.4 ± 30.0 min)], blood loss [NSRH: (464.3 ± 144.0) ml, RH: (374.2 ± 138.7) ml], postoperative hospital stay days [NSRH: (8.4 ± 2.0) d, RH: (9.2 ± 1.8) d, and residual urine volume [NSRH: (64.8 ± 16.9) ml, RH: (70.6 ± 16.0) ml]. There were also no significant differences between UNSRH and BNSRH groups in operation time [UNSRH: (208.5 ± 28.5) min, BNSRH: (233.3 ± 43.1) min], blood loss [UNSRH: (440.0 ± 104.9) ml, BNSRH: (477.8 ± 162.90) ml], postoperative hospital stay days [UNSRH: 9.1 ± 1.8) d, BNSRH: (8.7 ± 2.1 d], and the residual urine volume [UNSRH: (68.3 ± 12.5) ml, BNSRH: (62.8 ± 20.0) ml]. There was a significant difference in the time of the Foley catheter removal between NSRH [(12.4 ± 5.2) d] and RH [(22.4 ± 9.7) d] groups. There was a significant difference in the time of the Foley catheter removal between UNSRH [(18.2 ± 3.6) d] and BNSRH [(9.1 ± 2.0) d] groups. During the postoperative 3 weeks follow-up, the patients in the NSRH group had a higher rate of satisfaction at urination and defecation (100%, 75%) than the RH group (54.5%, 24.2%).CONCLUSION: UNSRH and BNSRH are safe and feasible techniques for early stage cervical cancer, and may significantly improve the recovery of bladder and rectal function.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Length of Stay', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Pelvis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Postoperative Period', 'Rectum', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urination', 'Urination Disorders', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 21,575,466
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['A01.923.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['A05.810.890'], ['G08.852.880'], ['C12.777.934', 'C13.351.968.934'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Orbital bone changes in neurofibromatosis. Tomodensitometric diagnosis].
|
Aplasia of the greater wing of the sphenoid is a characteristic orbital bony anomaly in von Recklinghausen's disease, responsible for unilateral proptosis. The radiological diagnosis is based on the so called "empty orbit" appearance at routine skull X rays. Computerised tomography has allowed a precise differential diagnosis in 6 patients with neurofibromatosis and congenital absence of the greater wing of the sphenoid. Not only the bony defect is well demonstrated in all its extent but also the associated soft tissue anomalies such as presence of abnormal neurofibromatous tissue, hyperplasia of the temporal lobe, arachnoid cyst etc.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain Diseases', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Male', 'Neurofibromatosis 1', 'Orbital Neoplasms', 'Skull', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 6,810,414
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.228.140'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['C04.557.580.600.580.590.650', 'C04.700.631.650', 'C10.562.600.500', 'C10.574.500.549.400', 'C10.668.829.675', 'C16.320.400.560.400', 'C16.320.700.633.650'], ['C04.588.149.721.656', 'C04.588.364.659', 'C05.116.231.754.659', 'C11.319.457', 'C11.675.659'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Functional paralysis of horizontal gaze.
|
A 52-year-old steelworker displayed a consistent defect in leftward voluntary gaze across the midline. Both fast (saccadic) and slow (pursuit) eye movements were affected. Neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation revealed no additional neurologic or ophthalmologic deficit. Pupilary miosis occurred during leftward gaze attempt, indicating that the gaze palsy was due to spasm of the near reflex. Special maneuvers during clinical eye movement testing disclosed full ability to make normal horizontal fast and slow eye movements despite the apparent defect in "voluntary" leftward gaze.
|
['Eye Movements', 'Fixation, Ocular', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ophthalmoplegia', 'Saccades', 'Visual Fields']
| 570,680
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Automatic classification of background EEG activity in healthy and sick neonates.
|
The overall aim of our research is to develop methods for a monitoring system to be used at neonatal intensive care units. When monitoring a baby, a range of different types of background activity needs to be considered. In this work, we have developed a scheme for automatic classification of background EEG activity in newborn babies. EEG from six full-term babies who were displaying a burst suppression pattern while suffering from the after-effects of asphyxia during birth was included along with EEG from 20 full-term healthy newborn babies. The signals from the healthy babies were divided into four behavioural states: active awake, quiet awake, active sleep and quiet sleep. By using a number of features extracted from the EEG together with Fisher's linear discriminant classifier we have managed to achieve 100% correct classification when separating burst suppression EEG from all four healthy EEG types and 93% true positive classification when separating quiet sleep from the other types. The other three sleep stages could not be classified. When the pathological burst suppression pattern was detected, the analysis was taken one step further and the signal was segmented into burst and suppression, allowing clinically relevant parameters such as suppression length and burst suppression ratio to be calculated. The segmentation of the burst suppression EEG works well, with a probability of error around 4%.
|
['Asphyxia Neonatorum', 'Automation', 'Brain', 'Discriminant Analysis', 'Electroencephalography', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Linear Models', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Motor Activity', 'Probability', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Sleep', 'Time Factors', 'Wakefulness']
| 20,075,506
|
[['C16.614.092'], ['J01.897.104'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E05.318.740.350', 'N05.715.360.750.325', 'N06.850.520.830.350'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E01.370.520'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['L01.224.800'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['G01.910.857'], ['F02.830.104.821', 'G11.561.035.738']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Relationship between CHA2DS2-VASc and CHADS2 scores with pulmonary hypertension in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.
|
INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is the most important prognostic factor after acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Therefore, determination of patients who will develop PH after acute PE is crucial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive value of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores for PH in patients with acute PE.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-nine adults who presented with acute PE, had an admission systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) measured on echocardiogram and no previous history of PE, were retrospectively identified from the computerized database. 31 patients who had sPAP ? 40 mm Hg were categorized as a "normal pulmonary pressure" group, whereas 48 patients who had sPAP > 40 mm Hg were categorized as a "PH" group.RESULTS: SPAP was > 40 mm Hg in 48 patients (60.8%), with a mean sPAP of 60.9 ± 16.1 mm Hg (median = 60, min-max = 41-100 mm Hg). In multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score components, only age was found to be related with the development of PH. SPAP was weakly positively correlated with CHADS2 (p = 0.047; r = 0.224) and CHA2DS2-VASc (p = 0.023; r = 0.256) scores. SPAP values were increasing with the severity of the scores.CONCLUSIONS: Both CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores could be useful in the determination of which patients should be closely followed up in order to prevent the development of PH after acute PE.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 31,970,721
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Functional neurosurgery--a future for the gamma knife?
|
The Gamma Knife is currently the only radiosurgical device which has been used in functional neurosurgery. This mode of utilization is possible because the instrument can make lesions in normal brains with a volume as small as 50 mm3. The experience of functional radiosurgery accumulated at the Karolinska Institute over 21 years is reviewed, and the possible implications of the new developments in imaging techniques for the future of functional radiosurgery are considered. The review covers gamma thalamotomy for pain and tremor, radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia, gamma capsulotomy for severe anxiety and obsessive-compulsive neurosis, and Gamma Knife surgery for focal epilepsy. The important role of stereotactic MRI localization in functional radiosurgery is pointed out, and a preliminary report of the recent experience with stereotactic magnetoencephalography combined with stereotactic MRI for physiological and anatomic target localization is given. It is concluded that functional radiosurgery should only be performed with radiation of very small volumes of brain, as the very high doses required would be devastating if delivered to even small volumes.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Epilepsy', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Forecasting', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Movement Disorders', 'Neurosurgery', 'Palliative Care', 'Psychosurgery', 'Radiosurgery']
| 1,725,560
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['I01.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10.228.662'], ['H02.403.810.425'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['E04.525.600', 'F04.570.630'], ['E02.815.530', 'E04.525.800.650', 'E05.873.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The use of microcrystalline cellulose dispersions for the production of dermatologic agents].
|
The employment oft microcrystalline cellulose of the Heweten-type (cellulose powder(AB-GDR) for the production of dermatological preparations as aqueous and aqueous-oily multicomponent systems can contribute to the opening of a further field of application of this auxiliary substance in pharmaceutical factories and pharmacies. By means of intensive shearing and mixing forces, e.g. a colloid mill, it is possible to produce dispersions with fluid media, which proved to be stable when they contained a solid content over 8 p.c. Such dispersions can improve the utilization properties of various preparations. By varying the solid content concentration one can produce dispersions of different properties. Microcrystalline cellulose powders meet the demands which characterize an auxiliary substance in general. Special attention has to be drawn on the problem of microbiological stability because of the necessarily high moisture content of the dispersion. Preparations manufactured by colloid wet grinding with microcrystalline cellulose are distinguished by a high physicochemical stability.
|
['Cellulose', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Dermatologic Agents', 'Emulsions']
| 3,786,383
|
[['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['D27.505.954.444'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Artemisinin sensitizes tumor cells to NK cell-mediated cytolysis.
|
The antimalarial drug Artemisinin has been reported to possess direct anti-tumor effects on various types of tumor cells. However, its anti-tumor potential has not been fully revealed, and its effects on tumor susceptibility to immune surveillance by the host are still unknown. Natural killer (NK) cells are the first line in tumor surveillance by the host, and have been recognized as a promising target for tumor immunotherapy. Here, we reported that Artemisinin sensitized tumor cells to NK cell cytolysis. Both human K562 and Raji tumor cells, and mouse YAC-1 tumor cells were more susceptible to human or mouse NK cell cytolysis in vitro after Artemisinin pretreatment. Conjugation formation between tumor cells and NK cells was increased after pretreatment with Artemisinin. Such effects on tumor cells by Artemisinin might not be the results of tumor recognition by NK cells, since major ligands of NK cell surface receptors were not affected. Mechanistically, although Artemisinin didn't induce tumor cell apoptosis, Artemisinin enriched apoptosis-related gene sets in these tumor cells, which might predispose tumor cells to apoptosis upon NK cell cytolysis. Moreover, NK cell numbers, percentages, maturation and functions were preserved in the presence of Artemisinin in vitro, suggesting that Artemisinin displays detrimental effects only on tumor cells but not on immune cells. These data reveal a novel anti-tumor mechanism of Artemisinin and demonstrate that Artemisinin could be a promising drug candidate for cancer treatment.
|
['Animals', 'Antimalarials', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Artemisinins', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytotoxicity, Immunologic', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Surveillance', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Mice', 'Neoplasms']
| 32,007,276
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.085'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.212', 'D01.339.431.374.212', 'D01.650.550.750.200', 'D02.389.338.055', 'D02.455.849.765.211'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.251'], ['G12.287'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400.412', 'G12.525'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Photodynamic therapy mediated by methylene blue dye in wound healing.
|
OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the wound-healing process after photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated by methylene blue dye (MB).BACKGROUND DATA: Few scientific studies show the PDT roles in wound healing.MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred rats were given a circular wound on the back, inflicted with a 6-mm-diameter punch. The animals were divided into four groups: control (no treatment); dye (topical application of MB); laser (InGaAlP, 117.85 J/cm(2), 100 mW, 660 nm, single point); and PDT (topical application of MB followed by laser irradiation). After 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days, the cutaneous wounds were photographed and assessed with histopathologic examination by using light microscope. Changes seen in edema, necrosis, inflammation, granulation tissue, re-epithelialization, and number of young fibroblasts were semiquantitatively evaluated. The wound-area changes were measured with special software and submitted to statistical analysis.RESULTS: The laser group demonstrated the smallest wound area at 14 days after the surgical procedure (p < 0.01). Concerning complete re-epithelialization, the laser group showed it at 5-7 days after surgery, whereas the PDT and the other groups showed it at 14 days.CONCLUSIONS: Laser interaction with tissue is somehow changed when exposed to the MB. PDT mediated by MB was not prejudicial to wound healing, as no delay occurred compared with the control group.
|
['Animals', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Coloring Agents', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Low-Level Light Therapy', 'Methylene Blue', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Wound Healing', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 20,961,226
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['D27.720.233'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E02.594.540', 'E02.774.500'], ['D02.886.369.517', 'D03.633.300.783.517'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['G16.762.891'], ['C26']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Immune profile of infectious bursal disease (IBD). II. Effect of IBD virus on pokeweed-mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes of chickens.
|
Pokeweed-mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes from chickens infected with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) at 1 day and 3 weeks of age, together with those from uninfected age-matched control chickens, were examined at weekly intervals for their capacity to undergo in vitro terminal differentiation. This study included the determination of cytoplasmic-immunoglobulin (CIg)-containing peripheral blood lymphocytes and those bearing the surface membrane immunoglobulin (SmIg) cells to detect any defect in immunoglobulin synthesis and secretion, respectively. The results of our study indicated that there was a highly significant and pronounced progressive depletion of CIg-containing cells in chickens infected at 1 day of age. These findings suggest that IBDV affected the "immature" or precursor B cells to a far greater extent than mature B lymphocytes.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody-Producing Cells', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Membrane', 'Chickens', 'Cytoplasm', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Infectious bursal disease virus', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Pokeweed Mitogens', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Reoviridae', 'Reoviridae Infections']
| 6,255,927
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.063', 'A15.382.032'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['A11.284.149'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['B04.820.223.500.060.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['D12.776.503.499.875', 'D12.776.765.678.875'], ['C22.131.728'], ['B04.820.223.719'], ['C01.925.782.791']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunohistochemical location of S-100 and glial fibrillary acidic proteins in salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas.
|
The S-100 protein is a low molecular weight protein which has been isolated mainly in mammalian brain cells. Glial fibrillary acidic protein is one of the five types of intermediate filaments described to date. We used immunohistochemical methods to study the expression in this patterns of expression of these two proteins in pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands, in an attempt to explain their tumor and to elucidate the origin of this complex neoplasm of the salivary glands.
|
['Adenoma, Pleomorphic', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'S100 Proteins', 'Salivary Gland Neoplasms']
| 2,168,578
|
[['C04.557.435.090', 'C04.557.470.035.155'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.157.125.750', 'D12.776.631.655'], ['C04.588.443.591.824', 'C07.465.530.824', 'C07.465.815.718']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cytoskeleton involvement in lithium-induced SH-SY5Y neuritogenesis and the role of glycogen synthase kinase 3â.
|
Lithium modulates signals impacting on the cytoskeleton, a dynamic system contributing to neural plasticity at multiple levels. In this study, SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells were cultured in the absence (C) or in presence (Li) of a 0.5 mM Li2CO3 (i.e. 1 mM lithium ion) for 25-50 weeks. We investigated the effect of this treatment on (1) morphological changes of cells observed using Hemalun eosin staining assay, (2) cytoskeletal changes by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) staining of microtubules (á-tubulin) and heavy neurofilaments subunits (NF-H) and by measuring the expression rate changes of genes coding for receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1), casein kinase2 (CK2) and thymosine beta-10 using cDNA arrays technology, (3) cell adhesion properties by IIF staining of â-catenin protein. Besides, we have tried to understand the molecular mechanism of lithium action that triggers changes in cytoskeleton and neurites outgrowth. Thus, we examined the effect of this treatment on glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) expression and activity using western blotting of GSK3 and phosphorylated â-catenin, a downstream GSK3 target protein. Our results showed that lithium treatment reduces axon length, increases axonal spreading, enhances neurites growth and neurites branching with an increase of growth cone size. Moreover, genes coding for CK2 and thymosine beta-10 were significantly up-regulated, however, that coding for RACK1 was down-regulated. The most interesting result in this work is that mechanism underlying lithium action was not related to the inhibition of GSK3 activity. In fact, neither expression rate nor activity of this protein was changed.
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Glycogen Synthase', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta', 'Humans', 'Lithium Compounds', 'Nerve Degeneration', 'Neurites', 'Neurogenesis', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,409,859
|
[['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['D08.811.913.400.450.460.375'], ['D05.500.117.875', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625', 'D12.644.360.300.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875', 'D12.776.476.300.500'], ['D05.500.117.875.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625.500', 'D12.644.360.300.500.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875.500', 'D12.776.476.300.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.510'], ['C23.550.737'], ['A08.675.256.500', 'A08.675.542.145.500', 'A11.284.180.610', 'A11.671.501.145.500', 'A11.671.543'], ['G04.152.912', 'G07.345.500.325.377.687', 'G08.686.784.170.450.500', 'G11.561.620'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Connexin-43 enhances tumor suppressing activity of artesunate via gap junction-dependent as well as independent pathways in human breast cancer cells.
|
The gap junction (GJ) protein connexin-43 (Cx43) is considered as a tumour suppressor protein for its role in reversing the phenotype of the cancer cells. In this study, we exploited the antitumor property of Cx43 in conjunction with the artesunate (ART), a plant-based active anti-malarial compound. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by ART resulted in DNA damage, which in turn led to DNA damage response by activation of DNA damage repair proteins. GJ deficient MCF-7 cells transfected with Cx43 gene showed an increased sensitivity towards dose-dependent ART treatment and required a significantly lower dose of ART to attain its IC50, as compared to parental cells. This would ultimately result in reduced dose-dependent side effects of ART. The Co-culture experiments involving GJ intercellular communication (GJIC) deficient and GJIC enabled cells, established the transfer of ROS to the neighbouring cancer cells not exposed to ART. The ROS accumulated in the ART-treated cells induced the oxidative damage in neighbouring cells, leading to bystander cell death and inhibition of bystander cell proliferation. Thus, our study revealed that expression of Cx43 helped in reducing the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of ART as well as enhanced the bystander apoptosis of the neighbouring cells.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Artesunate', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Survival', 'Connexin 43', 'DNA Damage', 'Gap Junctions', 'Humans', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Models, Biological', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 28,790,385
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.212.500', 'D01.339.431.374.212.500', 'D01.650.550.750.200.500', 'D02.389.338.055.500', 'D02.455.849.765.211.500'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.776.543.585.250.200'], ['G05.200'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.471'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['A11.251.210.190.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dynamics of PhiX174 protein E-mediated lysis of Escherichia coli.
|
Expression of cloned gene E of bacteriophage PhiX174 induces lysis by formation of a transmembrane tunnel structure in the cell envelope of Escherichia coli. Ultrastructural studies of the location of the lysis tunnel indicate that it is preferentially located at the septum or at polar regions of the cell. Furthermore, the diameter and shape of individual tunnel structures vary greatly indicating that its structure is not rigid. Apparently, the contours of individual lysis tunnels are determined by enlarged meshes in the peptidoglycan net and the force produced at its orifice, by the outflow of cytoplasmic content. Once the tunnel is formed the driving force for the lysis process is the osmotic pressure difference between cytoplasm and medium. During the lysis process areas of the cytoplasmic membrane which are not tightly attached to the envelope are extended inward by the negative pressure produced during lysis. After cell lysis external medium can diffuse through the lysis tunnel filling the inner cell space of the still rigid bacterial ghosts.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Bacteriolysis', 'Cell Membrane', 'Escherichia coli', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'Viral Proteins']
| 1,534,215
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['G06.099.115'], ['A11.284.149'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Statistical dependence between neighboring retinal ganglion cells in goldfish.
|
Simultaneous recordings were made of the spontaneous discharge of neighboring retinal ganglion cells in goldfish. Crosscorrelation analysis indicates two types of correlation. Neighboring units with like receptive field organization tend to discharge together while units having complementary receptive field organization tend not to discharge together.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Color Perception', 'Cyprinidae', 'Goldfish', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neurons', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Photoreceptor Cells', 'Retina']
| 658,187
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.593.932.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.248.480'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.723.729'], ['A08.675.650.850.625', 'A08.675.650.915.937', 'A08.800.950.937', 'A09.371.729.831.625', 'A11.671.650.850.625', 'A11.671.650.915.937'], ['A09.371.729']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of vitamin A status in children treated for cancer.
|
Chemotherapy for cancer can cause immunocompromise. The authors speculated that children with cancer and low vitamin A plasma levels were more susceptible to cancer treatment-related complications than children who are not vitamin A deficient. A cohort of 49 children with cancer were followed from diagnosis until death or for at least 5 years. Plasma retinol levels were determined at diagnosis. Complications of treatment were recorded. Children with low retinol levels at diagnosis tended to have more chance to develop febrile neutropenia (p = .052). Children with fever had lower mean vitamin A levels at diagnosis than those who did not suffer febrile episodes. In a childhood population with a high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency, routine vitamin A assessment and supplementation in children with cancer appears indicated.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Neutropenia', 'Survival Rate', 'Vitamin A', 'Vitamin A Deficiency']
| 18,484,472
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04'], ['C15.378.553.546.184.564'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818', 'D02.455.849.291.925', 'D23.767.261.700.860'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.628']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hepatocarcinogenic effects of N-nitroso-N-methylurea in guinea pigs.
|
Intragastric administration of N-nitroso-N-methylurea to strain 13 male guinea pigs, at a weekly dosage of 7.5 mg/kg for 15 weeks and then twice weekly for a subsequent 15 weeks, induced high toxicity, as evidenced by weight loss and mortality and a high incidence of malignant neoplasms, over a total observational period of 40 weeks. The neoplasms included hepatic angiosarcomas, cholangiocarcinomas, and generalized lymphoblastic lymphomas.
|
['Adenoma, Bile Duct', 'Animals', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hemangiosarcoma', 'Liver Diseases', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Methylnitrosourea', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Nitrosourea Compounds']
| 198,127
|
[['C04.557.470.035.085'], ['B01.050'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['C04.557.450.795.390', 'C04.557.645.390'], ['C06.552'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D02.065.950.594.490', 'D02.654.692.480'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['D02.065.950.594', 'D02.654.692']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Respiratory influences on the cardiac defense response.
|
An investigation to examine the relationships between breathing activity and the cardiac defense response (CDR) to intense auditory stimulation is reported. 42 subjects (20 men and 22 women) underwent a physiological reaction test consisting of three trials of a distorted 400 Hz noise of 100 dB, 0.5-s duration and instantaneous risetime presented either during inspiration or expiration. The respiratory response was characterized by a specific increase in breathing amplitude both in the respiratory cycle in which the stimulus was presented and in the 80 s following stimulus onset. Significant habituation effects were observed. Manipulation of the respiratory phase did not produce any major effect on the respiratory or cardiac response. The only significant finding was observed in the inspiratory period of the cycle in which the stimulus was presented, which was longer when the stimulus was presented in expiration and shorter when it was presented in inspiration. The evocation of the cardiac defense response was dependent on the observed increase in breathing amplitude. Gender differences were also observed in the respiratory response, differences which were further increased when the CDR was elicited. These results are discussed in the context of centrally versus peripherally-mediated mechanisms and startle versus defense reflexes.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Lung Volume Measurements', 'Male', 'Reflex', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Respiratory Mechanics', 'Sex Characteristics']
| 8,407,430
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.700.485'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['G09.772.705.700'], ['G08.686.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanisms and regulation of H+ transport in distal tubule epithelial cells.
|
The mechanism of acidification in the cortical distal tubule of mammalian kidney was analysed by "in vivo" microperfusion and using MDCK cells in culture, by electrophysiological and by cell pH microfluorescence techniques. An electrogenic effect of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase, which has been localized to the intercalated cells of the cortical distal tubule (connecting segment and initial collecting duct) was only observed after blocking Cl- channels by NPPB. In MDCK cells, the recovery of cell pH after an acid pulse in Na(+)-free medium was also depressed by NPPB, indicating that Cl- ions have an important role in the function of H+ ATPase. The regulation by hormonal agents of distal H+ transport due to Na+/H+ exchange and to vacuolar H+ ATPase, was also studied by microperfusion and cell pH techniques. Angiotensin and vasopressin at picomolar concentrations stimulated both transport mechanisms in late distal tubule, and only Na+/H+ exchange in the early segment. In MDCK cells, cell pH recovery in the presence of Na+ was stimulated by picomolar concentrations of angiotensin and vasopressin, and inhibited by micromolar levels, both effects being reverted by micromolar ANP. Studies with specific antagonists suggest that the luminal effect of angiotensin is mediated by AT1 receptors, and of vasopressin by V1 receptors. There is evidence that cell Ca2+ may have an important regulatory role in the action of these hormones.
|
['Acid-Base Equilibrium', 'Angiotensin I', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Cell Line', 'Chloride Channels', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Epithelium', 'Kidney Tubules, Distal', 'Male', 'Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sodium', 'Vasopressins']
| 9,261,982
|
[['G02.111.007', 'G02.300.176', 'G03.030', 'G07.410.110', 'G09.188.050'], ['D06.472.699.094.075', 'D12.644.400.070.075', 'D12.644.456.073.021', 'D12.644.548.058.075', 'D12.776.631.650.070.075', 'D23.469.050.050.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175'], ['A11.436'], ['A10.272'], ['A05.810.453.736.560.540'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781', 'D12.644.400.900', 'D12.644.456.925', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781', 'D12.776.631.650.937']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Echocardiographic features of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
|
BACKGROUND: There are several risk factors for the initiation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and the underlying mechanisms are multifactorial. Our study aims to explore the echocardiographic parameters that can identify in patients with PAF compared to normal subjects.METHODS: Eighty consecutive patients who were with PAF detected by 24-h Holter monitoring (HM) were assigned in our study. The control group (n = 80) consisted individuals with no PAF on HM. Indication for HM was palpitations at rest. All patients underwent routine echocardiographic evaluation. Patients with aortic and mitral stenosis, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism were excluded from the study. Comprehensive clinical data were collected.RESULTS: Mean age of the patients with PAF was 63 +/- 11 years and of those 42% were male subjects. There was no difference in the prevalence of hypertension in both groups. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 57 +/- 15% in PAF group and 64 +/- 2% in control subjects (p < 0.001). Mean values of left atrial (LA) diameter for PAF and control groups were 3.7 +/- 0.6 cm vs. 3.1 +/- 0.4 cm (p < 0.001), respectively. Patients with PAF had more severe valve insufficiency, higher values of mean pulmonary artery systolic pressures (PAP) (29 +/- 10 mmHg vs. 25 +/- 2 mmHg, respectively; p = 0.001) and deteriorated MV inflow velocities (E:A ratio 0.9 +/- 0.4 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.3, respectively; p = 0.008) when compared to control group. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, LA diameter predicted the development of PAF after adjusted for age and gender.CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that LA diameter predicts the development of PAF.
|
['Atrial Fibrillation', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors']
| 17,597,421
|
[['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Increased blood pressure variability in menopause.
|
Blood pressure variability represents an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. To detect possible blood pressure variability changes from fertile to menopausal status, we enrolled consecutively 219 women: 104 fertile women (46.6 +/- 3.4 years) and 115 menopausal women (53.9 +/- 3.98 years). We evaluated for each patient the body mass index (BMI), 24 h, daytime, night-time systolic and diastolic mean blood pressure values and blood pressure variability data by means of an Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring device. We found a significant higher mean age, body mass index, systolic and diastolic 24 h, day and night-time blood pressure variability in menopausal women when compared to fertile women. Age and BMI were significantly correlated to most blood pressure variability data with the Spearman Rank test. The multivariate logistic regression with dichotomic variables showed that the menopausal status is independently correlated to 24 h systolic (p < 0.0005) and diastolic (p < 0.05) variability, systolic (p < 0.05) and diastolic (p < 0.05) daytime pressure variability and systolic night-time pressure variability (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we found independent correlations between age 24 h systolic (p < 0.05) and night-time diastolic blood pressure variability (p < 0.05), while the BMI was indepententely correlated to BMI 24h diastolic (p < 0.01), daytime systolic (p < 0.01) and diastolic (p < 0.05) blood pressure variability. These data show a significant increase of blood pressure variability in menopausal women when compared to fertile women, even after exclusion of confounding factors, such as aging and BMI. Menopausal status, aging and BMI increase may all, independently, contribute to the enhanced blood pressure variability we found in menopausal women.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aging', 'Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Body Mass Index', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Menopause', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Prospective Studies']
| 18,575,158
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140.100', 'E01.370.520.500.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['G08.686.157.500', 'G08.686.841.249.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Inguinal hernia and testicular feminization in childhood (author's transl)].
|
Three cases of Morris Syndrome were detected among 103 girls admitted to the hospital for inguinal hernia. Diagnosis was made possible by routine sexual chromatine study in oral mucosa smear, but it can also be suspected when familial antecedents of amenorrhea exist. An early diagnosis of this condition is imperative in order to provide the patient with an adequate medical and surgical management, including the conservation of the gonads until pubertal age.
|
['Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Hernia, Inguinal', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Phenotype', 'Saliva', 'Sex Chromatin']
| 507,576
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sealing ability of thermoplasticized gutta-percha fill techniques as assessed by a new method of determining apical leakage.
|
One hundred fifty-nine extracted single-rooted maxillary human teeth were instrumented and randomly divided into nine groups of 17 teeth each and 6 control teeth. Experimental groups were obturated with Thermafil, Obtura II, Ultrafil Regular Set gutta-percha, and Ultrafil Firm Set gutta-percha, each with or without root canal sealer. A control group was obturated using the lateral condensation technique and sealer. Teeth were immersed in a resorcinol-formaldehyde resin for 5 days at 4 degrees C, and the resin was allowed to polymerize completely for 4 days at room temperature. Teeth were then sectioned horizontally at 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 mm from the anatomical apex, and examined under a stereomicroscope at x25 magnification. The resin filled the spaces in the gap between the canal wall and the gutta-percha and this was measured at each of the three levels. The ratio of the area of the resin to the total area of the canal was obtained as the mean leakage area. The results showed no significant difference in the mean leakage area at the same level for the different obturation materials. However, the leakage was significantly less for all materials when root canal sealer was used.
|
['Chi-Square Distribution', 'Dental Leakage', 'Dental Marginal Adaptation', 'Formaldehyde', 'Gutta-Percha', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Maxilla', 'Resins, Synthetic', 'Resorcinols', 'Root Canal Filling Materials', 'Root Canal Obturation']
| 7,673,814
|
[['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['C07.793.221'], ['E06.323.764', 'E06.658.224', 'E06.780.620'], ['D02.047.407'], ['D20.215.721.061', 'D25.339.859.495', 'D25.720.327.840.119', 'J01.637.051.339.859.495'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['D05.750.716.822', 'D25.339.816', 'D25.720.716.822', 'J01.637.051.339.816', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.852'], ['D25.339.859', 'J01.637.051.339.859'], ['E06.397.778.778']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Intracellular pathways of electron-opaque gonadotropin-releasing hormone derivatives bound by cultured gonadotropes.
|
A metabolically stable GnRH agonist (D-Lys6-GnRH) has been coupled to electron-opaque markers (colloidal gold and ferritin) to characterize the intracellular pathway of the releasing hormone bound by pituitary gonadotropes. This approach has the advantage of increasing the resolution of localization to a "circle of uncertainty" about 10- to 20-fold smaller than that which can be obtained by autoradiography. After an initial uniform distribution on the cell surface, the derivatives were taken up individually as well as in small clusters in coated and uncoated membrane invaginations and moved to the lysosomal compartment either directly or after passage through the Golgi apparatus. The results suggest that labeled GnRH or GnRH-receptor complex may be routed to two distinct intracellular compartments: the lysosome and the Golgi cisternae. It is unclear whether each releasing hormone-marker conjugate must be transported through both compartments before degradation.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Female', 'Ferritins', 'Gold Colloid, Radioactive', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, LHRH']
| 6,313,329
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['D01.268.556.322.500.550.400', 'D01.268.956.186.500.550.400', 'D01.379.400.350', 'D01.496.381.550.400', 'D01.496.749.410.400', 'D01.552.544.322.500.550.400'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.410', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.460', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.460', 'D12.776.543.750.750.700.460']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structural basis for regulation of Arp2/3 complex by GMF.
|
The Arp2/3 complex mediates formation of complex cellular structures such as lamellipodia by nucleating branched actin filaments. Arp2/3-complex activity is precisely controlled by over a dozen regulators, yet the structural mechanism by which regulators interact with the complex is unknown. GMF is a recently discovered regulator of the Arp2/3 complex that can inhibit nucleation and disassemble branches. We solved the structure of the 240-kDa assembly of Mus musculus GMF and Bos taurus Arp2/3 complex and found that GMF binds the barbed end of Arp2, overlapping with the proposed binding site of WASP-family proteins. The structure suggests that GMF can bind branch junctions in the manner that cofilin binds filament sides, consistent with a modified cofilin-like mechanism for debranching by GMF. The GMF-Arp2 interface reveals how the ADF-H actin-binding domain in GMF is exploited to specifically recognize Arp2/3 complex and not actin.
|
['Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex', 'Actins', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Glia Maturation Factor', 'Mice', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Protein Subunits', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family']
| 23,893,131
|
[['D05.750.078.730.246', 'D12.776.220.525.246'], ['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D12.644.276.860.325', 'D12.776.467.860.325', 'D12.776.631.600.325', 'D23.529.850.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D05.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['D12.776.813'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D05.750.078.730.912', 'D12.776.220.525.912']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Hen's Egg Test on Chorioallantoic Membrane: An Alternative Assay for the Assessment of the Irritating Effect of Vaccine Adjuvants.
|
Local reactions are the most frequent adverse event associated with vaccines. Adjuvants are major constituents of many vaccines and they are frequently involved in these reactions, associated with their irritating effect and the stimulation of local inflammation. The hen's egg test on chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) is an alternative toxicological method widely used to determine ocular irritation potential, but very few studies have demonstrated the utility of this method for assessing the irritant properties of vaccine adjuvants. In this work, known/experimental adjuvants were evaluated by both HET-CAM and an in vivo local toxicity study in mice to compare irritation scores to determine whether there was a correlation (Pearson test). Based on these data (r = 0.9034; P < 0.0001), the HET-CAM assay can be used as an alternate method for the prediction of the local toxicity potential of adjuvant candidates to be used in vaccines.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Animal Testing Alternatives', 'Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Chickens', 'Chorioallantoic Membrane', 'Female', 'Irritants', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Skin', 'Vaccines']
| 27,733,445
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['E05.017.080.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.091'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A10.615.284.375', 'A13.350.575', 'A16.331.400'], ['D27.720.400', 'D27.888.569.300'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['A17.815'], ['D20.215.894']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of the core exon-junction complex factor eukaryotic initiation factor 4A3 is increased during spatial exploration and striatally-mediated learning.
|
Regulation of dendritically localized mRNAs offers an important means by which neurons can sculpt precise signals at synapses. Arc is one such dendritically localized mRNA, and it has been shown to contain two exon-junction complexes (EJCs) within its 3'UTR. The EJC has been postulated to regulate cytoplasmic Arc mRNA availability through translation-dependent decay and thus contribute to synaptic plasticity. Core proteins of the EJC include eIF4A3, an RNA helicase, and Magoh, which stabilizes the interaction of eIF4A3 with target mRNAs. Arc mRNA expression is activity-regulated in numerous brain regions, including the dorsal striatum and hippocampus. Therefore in this study, the in vivo expression of these core EJC components was investigated in adult Sprague-Dawley rats to determine whether there are also behaviorally regulated changes in their expression. In the present work, there was no change in the expression of Magoh mRNA following spatial exploration, a paradigm previously reported to robustly and reliably upregulate Arc mRNA expression. Interestingly, however, there were increases in eIF4A3 mRNA levels in the dorsal striatum and hippocampus following spatial exploration, similar to previous reports for Arc mRNA. Furthermore, there were activity-dependent changes in eIF4A3 protein distribution and expression within the striatum following spatial exploration. Importantly, eIF4A3 protein colocalized with Arc mRNA in vivo. Like Arc mRNA expression, eIF4A3 mRNA expression in the dorsomedial striatum, but not dorsolateral striatum or hippocampus, significantly correlated with behavioral performance on a striatally-mediated, response-reversal learning task. This study provides direct evidence that a core EJC component, eIF4A3, shows activity-dependent changes in both mRNA and protein expression in the adult mammalian brain. These findings thus further implicate eIF4A3 as a key mediator of Arc mRNA availability underlying learning and memory processes in vivo.
|
['Animals', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'DEAD-box RNA Helicases', 'Exons', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Hippocampus', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Maze Learning', 'Neostriatum', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reversal Learning', 'Space Perception']
| 22,982,623
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.220'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.720.249'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.874.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['F02.463.425.798'], ['F02.463.593.778']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of S100B Serum Levels with Metabolic Syndrome and its Components.
|
INTRODUCTION: We aimed to compare serum levels of S100B between patients with metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects and to investigate the association of S100B with components of the metabolic syndrome.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 44 patients with metabolic syndrome and 44 healthy subjects participated. The participants' body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Serum levels of low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, insulin, S100B protein were determined by enzymatic and ELISA methods.RESULTS: The participants with metabolic syndrome had significantly higher levels of S100B than those in the control group (p < 0.0001). Serum levels of S100B protein were positively correlated with abdominal obesity (rho = 0.26; p = 0.01) and serum levels of triglyceride (rho = 0.26; p = 0.01). Moreover, serum levels of S100B were higher in subjects with abdominal obesity (p = 0.02), with higher serum triglyceride levels (p = 0.03) and with hypertension (p = 0.01).CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that there may be a link between S100B protein with abdominal obesity and serum levels of triglycerides. This warrants further research to elucidate whether increased S100B levels in patients with metabolic syndrome are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit']
| 29,855,413
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.157.125.750.625', 'D12.776.631.655.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
High level of serum apolipoprotein A-I is a favorable prognostic factor for overall survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND: Noninvasive prognostic tools for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are urgently needed. Serum lipids and lipoproteins are used for the prognosis of certain diseases; however, the prognostic value of serum apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) in ESCC has not been described.METHODS: Pre-treatment serum lipids and lipoprotein concentrations (including ApoA-I, Apo-B, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC and TG) were analyzed retrospectively and compared between 210 patients with ESCC and 219 healthy controls. The prognostic significance of serum lipids and lipoproteins was determined by univariate and multivariate Cox hazard models in ESCC.RESULTS: Clinical characteristics (age, sex, pT status, pN status, pM status, pTNM status, histological differentiation or alcohol index) had no influence on baseline ApoA-I level. Serum ApoA-I, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TC levels were significantly lower and Apo-B was significantly higher in ESCC patients than in normal controls. On univariate analysis, ApoA-I, alcohol index, pT status, pN status and pTNM status were associated with significantly poor survival, and ApoA-I (p = 0.039), alcohol index (p = 0.037) and pTNM status (p = 0.000) were identified as prognostic factors associated with shorter survival in the multivariate analysis.CONCLUSIONS: Overall survival was shorter in ESCC patients with decreased pre-treatment ApoA-I levels. Our findings suggest that serum ApoA-I level should be evaluated as a predictor of survival in patients with ESCC.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Apolipoprotein A-I', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models']
| 27,444,612
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D10.532.091.200.100', 'D12.776.070.400.200.100', 'D12.776.521.120.200.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['C04.557.470.200.400.330', 'C04.557.470.700.400.565', 'C04.588.274.476.205.500', 'C04.588.443.353.500', 'C06.301.371.205.500', 'C06.405.117.430.500', 'C06.405.249.205.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Epiphyseal distraction for bony bridges: a biomechanical and morphologic study.
|
Partial physeal bridges were produced by resecting part of the lower femoral physis in 8-week-old rabbits. After 4 weeks, an external fixator, strain-gauged to measure distraction forces, was applied across the physis. Distraction was performed for 15 days: 1.0 mm/day medially and 0.5 mm/day laterally. Weekly radiographs were obtained. Animals were killed at 0, 3, and 6 weeks after distraction. Characteristic force patterns were evident if the bridge fractured. Medial fixator forces just before bridge fracture were very high (mean 89 N, SD 28 N), although forces in the lateral fixator were low (mean 25 N, SD 15 N). All animals killed 3 and 6 weeks after distraction ceased showed complete physeal closure. Results suggest that distraction epiphysiolysis may have high potential for producing premature physeal fusion.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'External Fixators', 'Femur', 'Joint Deformities, Acquired', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Rabbits', 'Radiography', 'Synostosis']
| 8,416,353
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E07.858.442.660.430', 'E07.858.690.725.430'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['C05.550.515'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C05.116.099.370.894', 'C05.660.906', 'C16.131.621.906']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB7 and VirB9 form a disulfide-linked protein complex.
|
Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB proteins are essential for gene transfer from bacteria to plants. These proteins are postulated to form a transport pore to allow transfer of the T-strand DNA intermediate. To study the function of the VirB proteins in DNA transfer, we developed an expression system in A. tumefaciens. Analysis of one VirB protein, VirB9, by Western blot assays showed that under nonreducing conditions VirB9, when expressed alone, migrates as a approximately 31-kDa band but that it migrates as a approximately 36-kDa band when expressed with all other VirB proteins. The 36-kDa band is converted to the 31-kDa band by the reducing agent 2-mercaptoethanol. Using strains that contain a deletion in a defined virB gene and strains that express specific VirB proteins, we demonstrate that the 36-kDa band is composed of VirB9 and VirB7 that are linked to each other by a disulfide bond. Mutational studies demonstrate that cysteine residues at positions 24 of VirB7 and 262 of VirB9 participate in the formation of this complex.
|
['Agrobacterium tumefaciens', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cysteine', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Disulfides', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Virulence Factors']
| 8,799,123
|
[['B03.440.400.425.700.024.050', 'B03.660.050.662.024.500'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Metal on metal surface replacement of the hip. Technique, fixation, and early results.
|
High volumetric wear of polyethylene plays a central role in periprosthetic bone resorption and the failure of metal on polyethylene total hip resurfacing prostheses. An assessment of technique, initial fixation, and the early results of 21 hips in 19 patients implanted with a metal on metal bearing total hip resurfacing prosthesis, 4 all cementless Wagner prostheses and 17 all cemented McMinn prostheses, is presented. Pain relief was equal to conventional total hip replacement with a better functional result with an average followup of 16 months (range, 10-25 months). The femoral component position and fixation is satisfactory in all 21 hips and there were no femoral neck notches or fractures. All 4 cementless Wagner acetabular components appear to be osseointegrated with stable interfaces. The cemented McMinn acetabular components, however, have shown progressive cement bone interface radiolucencies in 12 hips. This preliminary experience underscores the importance of obtaining secure initial fixation. There have been no problems directly attributable to the metal on metal bearing but the authors will continue to follow these hips and evaluate their performance. The metal on metal hip surface replacement procedure is in evolution. This ongoing experience will help guide total hip surface replacement component design and implantation techniques.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hip Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metals', 'Middle Aged', 'Osseointegration', 'Pilot Projects', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Prosthesis Fitting']
| 8,769,328
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E07.695.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.552'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.213.140.570', 'G16.762.150.150.570'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['E02.794']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Subclinical prion disease induced by oral inoculation.
|
Natural transmission of prion disease is believed to occur by peripheral infection such as oral inoculation. Following this route of inoculation, both the peripheral nervous system and the lymphoreticular system may be involved in the subsequent neuroinvasion of the central nervous system by prions, which may not necessarily result in clinical signs of terminal disease. Subclinical prion disease, characterized by the presence of infectivity and PrP(Sc) in the absence of overt clinical signs, may occur. It is not known which host factors contribute to whether infection with prions culminates in a terminal or subclinical disease state. We have investigated whether the level of host PrP(c) protein expression is a factor in the development of subclinical prion disease. When RML prion inoculum was inoculated by either the i.c. or intraperitoneal route, wild-type and tga20 mice both succumbed to terminal prion disease. In contrast, orally inoculated tga20 mice succumbed to terminal prion disease, whereas wild-type mice showed no clinical signs. However, wild-type mice sacrificed 375 or 525 days after oral inoculation harbored significant levels of brain PrP(Sc) and infectivity. These data show that same-species transmission of prions by the oral route in animals that express normal levels of PrP(c) can result in subclinical prion disease. This indicates that the level of host PrP(c) protein expression is a contributing factor to the regulation of development of terminal prion disease. Events that increase PrP(c) expression may predispose a prion-infected animal to the more deleterious effects of prion pathology.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'PrPC Proteins', 'PrPSc Proteins', 'Prion Diseases', 'Prions', 'Spleen']
| 12,829,838
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.776.785.340.500'], ['D12.776.785.340.750'], ['C01.207.800', 'C10.228.228.800', 'C10.574.843'], ['D12.776.785'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term reduction of T-cell intracellular antigens leads to increased beta-actin expression.
|
BACKGROUND: The permanent down-regulated expression of T-cell intracellular antigen (TIA) proteins in HeLa cells improves cytoskeleton-mediated functions such as cell proliferation and tumor growth.METHODS: Making use of human and mouse cells with knocked down/out expression of T-cell intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1) and/or TIA1 related/like (TIAR/TIAL1) proteins and classical RNA (e.g. reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, polysomal profiling analysis using sucrose gradients, immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, ultraviolet light crosslinking and poly (A+) test analysis) and cellular (e.g. immunofluorescence microscopy and quimeric mRNA transfections) biology methods, we have analyzed the regulatory role of TIA proteins in the post-transcriptional modulation of beta-actin (ACTB) mRNA.RESULTS: Our observations show that the acquisition of above cellular capacities is concomitant with increased expression levels of the actin beta subunit (ACTB) protein. Regulating TIA abundance does not modify ACTB mRNA levels, however, an increase of ACTB mRNA translation is observed. This regulatory capacity of TIA proteins is linked to the ACTB mRNA 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), where these proteins could function as RNA binding proteins. The expression of GFP from a chimeric reporter containing human ÁCÔÂ 3'-UTR recapitulates the translational control found by the endogenous ACTB mRNA in the absence of TIA proteins. Additionally, murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) knocked out for TIA1 rise mouse ACTB protein expression compared to the controls. Once again steady-state levels of mouse ACTB mRNA remained unchanged.CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these results suggest that TIA proteins can function as long-term regulators of the ACTB mRNA metabolism in mouse and human cells.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Actins', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Fibroblasts', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Poly(A)-Binding Proteins', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'T-Cell Intracellular Antigen-1']
| 24,766,723
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.329.228'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.157.725.452', 'D12.776.664.962.452'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.157.725.452.750', 'D12.776.157.725.813.937', 'D12.776.157.725.829.875', 'D12.776.664.962.452.750', 'D12.776.664.962.813.937', 'D12.776.664.962.829.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Integration of ultrasonography and endoscopy into transsphenoidal surgery with a "picture-in-picture" viewing system--technical note.
|
A technique to integrate ultrasonography and endoscopy is described for transsphenoidal surgery to prevent intraoperative internal carotid artery (ICA)-related, life-threatening complications such as aneurysmal formation and carotid-cavernous fistula. The ultrasound unit helps avoid direct injury to the ICA. The technical advantage of this system is the miniature 1-mm diameter microvascular probe, which does not disturb the operative field. An arterial or venous flow source of even an invisible vessel can be detected easily, noninvasively, and reproducibly. Real-time information with a 100% detection rate for the ICA is helpful for predicting localization even in the intracavernous portion, where the ICA is invisible. The endoscope unit can visualize the dead angle areas of the operating microscope by varying the endoscopic gateways and display on a "picture-in-picture" system. The advantage of both devices is the integration with a video processor, so that the real-time information from each unit can be switched intraoperatively onto the display as required. This method is of particular help for removing lesions with intracavernous invasion or encasement of the ICA.
|
['Carotid Artery Injuries', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Cavernous Sinus', 'Computer Systems', 'Data Display', 'Endoscopes', 'Endoscopy', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Hypophysectomy', 'Intraoperative Care', 'Intraoperative Complications', 'Microsurgery', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional', 'Video-Assisted Surgery']
| 12,116,536
|
[['C10.228.140.300.200.345', 'C10.228.140.300.350.500', 'C10.900.250.300', 'C14.907.253.123.345', 'C14.907.253.535.500', 'C26.915.200.200'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['A07.015.908.224.334'], ['L01.224.230'], ['F02.784.412.221', 'L01.296'], ['E07.230.220', 'E07.858.240'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.270.532', 'E04.525.400'], ['E02.760.731.400', 'E04.604.249', 'N02.421.585.722.400'], ['C23.550.505'], ['E04.494', 'E05.591.580'], ['E01.370.350.850.850'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890'], ['E01.370.388.250.950', 'E04.502.250.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Modulation by progestogens of the effects of oestrogen on hepatic endocrine function in postmenopausal women.
|
OBJECTIVE: Oral but not transdermal oestrogen administration reduces IGF-I, and increases GH binding protein (GHBP) reflecting effects on hepatic endocrine function in postmenopausal women. As progestogens attenuate the effects of oestrogen on circulating lipid levels according to their androgenic properties, we have investigated the impact of progestogen types on the hepatic endocrine effects of oestrogen.DESIGN: Four progestogens differing in androgenicity were co-administered in a monthly cyclical regimen in random order to postmenopausal women receiving either oral (n = 9, premarin 1.25 mg) or transdermal (n = 10, Estraderm 100 microg patches twice weekly). The four progestogens were cyproterone acetate (CA 5 mg, antiandrogenic), dydrogesterone (20 mg, neutral), medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA 10 mg, mildly androgenic), norethisterone (2.5 mg, androgenic).PATIENTS: Nineteen postmenopausal women (age 57 +/- 3 years, mean +/- SE) were studied.MEASUREMENTS: The effects of oestrogen alone and the combined effects with each progestogen type on IGF-I, GHBP, SHBG, cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein(a) were investigated.RESULTS: Mean IGF-I fell while GHBP and SHBG levels increased with oral (P < 0.01) but not transdermal oestrogen administration. When the combined effects were examined, progestogens did not affect IGF-I, GHBP and SHBG during oral oestrogen treatment, while they significantly increased (P < 0.01) mean IGF-I levels during transdermal therapy. Among the progestogen types, only norethisterone prevented the fall in IGF-I induced by oral oestrogen. During transdermal therapy, MPA and norethisterone but not CA or dydrogesterone significantly increased (P < 0.005) IGF-I. The rise in GHBP induced by oral oestrogens tended to be lower during co-administration of MPA and norethisterone. The increase in SHBG induced by oral oestrogen was attenuated (P < 0.05) by norethisterone which was the only progestogen that lowered SHBG (P < 0.05) during transdermal oestrogen treatment. Mean IGF-I was higher (P < 0.001), GHBP and SHBG lower during co-administration of androgenic progestogens (MPA and norethisterone).CONCLUSIONS: Oestrogen effects on IGF-I, GHBP and SHBG are dependent on the route of administration with progestogens having variable effects. Among the progestogen types, norethisterone, the most androgenic, had the greatest effect, particularly on IGF-I. Progestogens modulate the effects of oestrogen on hepatic endocrine function in relation to their intrinsic androgenic properties. The modulatory effects of progestogens on IGF-I during oestrogen therapy may have long-term implications for lean body mass.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cyproterone Acetate', 'Dydrogesterone', 'Estradiol', 'Estrogen Replacement Therapy', 'Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Lipids', 'Liver', 'Medroxyprogesterone Acetate', 'Middle Aged', 'Norethindrone', 'Postmenopause', 'Progestins', 'Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin']
| 14,974,909
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.219.150', 'D04.210.500.883.419.150'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.296'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['E02.319.452.150'], ['D06.472.334.851.437.988'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['D10'], ['A03.620'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829.395.700.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.693.651'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.858'], ['D12.776.124.790.223.800', 'D12.776.157.762', 'D12.776.377.715.182.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation of endoplasmic reticulum-localized connexin43 mediated by CIP75.
|
Connexin43 (Cx43) is a transmembrane protein that forms gap junction channels. Regulation of Cx43 turnover is one mechanism to control the level of intercellular communication that occurs through gap junction channels. Proteasomal degradation of Cx43 is regulated in part through CIP75, a ubiquitin-like and ubiquitin-associated domain containing protein. CIP75 interacts with endoplasmic reticulum-localized Cx43, as demonstrated through co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence microscopy experiments. CIP75 also binds to free monoubiquitin and lysine 48-linked tetraubiquitin chains in vitro and binds to ubiquitinated proteins in cellular lysates. However, analysis of Cx43 that immunoprecipitated with CIP75 demonstrated that the Cx43 associated with CIP75 was not ubiquitinated, and a mutant form of Cx43 that lacked lysines capable of ubiquitination retained the capacity to interact with CIP75. These results suggest that although CIP75 can interact with ubiquitinated cellular proteins, its interaction with Cx43 and stimulation of Cx43 proteasomal degradation does not require the ubiquitination of Cx43.
|
['Amino Acid Substitution', 'Animals', 'Autophagy-Related Proteins', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Connexin 43', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Protein Binding', 'Ubiquitin', 'Ubiquitination']
| 20,940,304
|
[['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.094'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D12.776.543.585.250.200'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.947.500'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.925', 'G02.111.691.600.775', 'G03.734.871.790.600.831', 'G05.308.670.600.831']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mitochondrial energy metabolism and signalling in human glioblastoma cell lines with different PTEN gene status.
|
Glioblastomas epidemiology and aggressiveness demand for a well characterization of biochemical mechanisms of the cells. The discovery of oxidative tumours related to chemoresistance is changing the prevalent view of dysfunctional mitochondria in cancer cells. Thus, glioblastomas metabolism is now an area of intense research, wherein was documented a high heterogeneity in energy metabolism and in particular in mitochondrial OxPhos. We report results gained by investigating mitochondrial OxPhos and bioenergetics, in a model of three human glioblastoma cell lines characterized by a different PTEN gene status. Functional data are analysed in relation to the expression levels of some main transcription factors and signalling proteins, which can be involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and activity. Collectively, our observations indicate for the three cell lines a similar bioenergetic phenotype maintaining a certain degree of mitochondrial oxidative activity, with some difference for PTEN-wild type SF767 cells respect to PTEN-deleted A172 and U87MG characterized by a loss-of-function point mutation of PTEN. SF767 has lower ATP content and higher ADP/ATP ratio, higher AMPK activating-phosphorylation evoking energy impairment, higher OxPhos complexes and PGC1á-Sirt3-p53 protein abundance, in line with a higher respiration. Finally, SF767 shows a similar mitochondrial energy supply, but higher non-phosphorylating respiration linked to dissipation of protonmotive force. Intriguingly, it is now widely accepted that a regulated mitochondrial proton leak attenuate ROS generation and in tumours may be at the base of pro-survival advantage and chemoresistance.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Glioblastoma', 'Humans', 'Mitochondria', 'Mutation', 'Oxidative Phosphorylation', 'PTEN Phosphohydrolase', 'Proton-Motive Force', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Signal Transduction']
| 29,209,894
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G03.295'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080.335', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080.335', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.665.550', 'G03.295.631', 'G03.796.550'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.850', 'D12.776.476.590', 'D12.776.624.776.695'], ['G02.765', 'G03.295.770'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Shoot surface water uptake enables leaf hydraulic recovery in Avicennia marina.
|
The significance of shoot surface water uptake (SSWU) has been debated, and it would depend on the range of conditions under which it occurs. We hypothesized that the decline of leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf ) in response to dehydration may be recovered through SSWU, and that the hydraulic conductance to SSWU (Ksurf ) declines with dehydration. We quantified effects of leaf dehydration on Ksurf and effects of SSWU on recovery of Kleaf in dehydrated leaves of Avicennia marina. SSWU led to overnight recovery of Kleaf , with recovery retracing the same path as loss of Kleaf in response to dehydration. SSWU declined with dehydration. By contrast, Ksurf declined with rehydration time but not with dehydration. Our results showed a role of SSWU in the recovery of leaf hydraulic conductance and revealed that SSWU is sensitive to leaf hydration status. The prevalence of SSWU in vegetation suggests an important role for atmospheric water sources in maintenance of leaf hydraulic function, with implications for plant responses to changing environments.
|
['Avicennia', 'Dehydration', 'Kinetics', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Shoots']
| 31,419,324
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.040.522'], ['C18.452.950.179', 'C23.550.274'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A18.024.812'], ['A18.024.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Predicting negligence in female sterilization failure using time interval to sterilization failure: analysis of 131 cases.
|
BACKGROUND: Sterilization failure due to 'tubal non-occlusion' or 'wrong structure sterilization' is considered negligent, whereas 'spontaneous tubal recanalization' or 'fistula formation' is considered non-negligent. We examined whether interval to pregnancy failure was predictive of a negligent rather non-negligent failure mechanism. We aim to test this hypothesis in a selected population series of known mechanisms of sterilization failure and their time interval to failure.METHODS: Analyses of 131 failed sterilizations pooled from UK (NHS Litigation Authority, Medical Protection Society and our hospital), Australia and a qualitative systematic review.RESULTS: We identified 88 negligent and 43 non-negligent sterilization failures. Filshie and ring methods failed earlier than diathermy and Pomeroy methods. Sterilization failure occurred significantly earlier in negligent than non-negligent failure mechanisms [median failure intervals 7.0 versus 12.0 months; Hazard ratio (2.35 95% CI 1.31-4.21)]. Knowing that sterilization failure occurred early, increased the probability that the failure mechanism was likely to be negligent rather than non-negligent.CONCLUSIONS: A short interval to failure is suggestive of a negligent failure mechanism. There is less certainty in the predictive value of longer time intervals on the mechanism of failure due to a paucity of cases. A national register of failed sterilizations that have been systematically investigated is needed to improve our understanding of negligent and non-negligent failure mechanisms.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Malpractice', 'Pregnancy', 'Probability', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Sterilization, Tubal', 'Time Factors']
| 17,599,943
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.583.524', 'N03.706.535.606'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E04.950.300.766', 'E04.950.599.683'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
TGF-â1 enhances phagocytic removal of neuron debris and neuronal survival by olfactory ensheathing cells via integrin/MFG-E8 signaling pathway.
|
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) have been shown to be a leading candidate in cell therapies for central nervous system (CNS) injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Rapid clearance of neuron debris can promote neuronal survival and axonal regeneration in CNS injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. The phagocytic removal of neuron debris by OECs has been shown to contribute to neuronal outgrowth. However, the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms of phagocytic removal of neuron debris by OECs have not been explored. In this study, we found that OECs secreted anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor â1 (TGF-â1) during the phagocytic removal of neuron debris. TGF-â1 enhanced phagocytic activity of OECs through regulating integrin/MFG-E8 signaling pathway. In addition, TGF-â1 shifted OECs towards a flattened shape with increased cellular area, which might also be involved in the enhancement of phagocytic activity of OECs. Furthermore, the removal of neuron debris by OECs affected neuronal survival and outgrowth. TGF-â1 enhanced the clearance of neuron debris by OECs and increased neuronal survival. These results reveal the role and mechanism of TGF-â1 in enhancing the phagocytic activity of OECs, which will update the understanding of phagocytosis of OECs and improve the therapeutic use of OECs in CNS injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Integrins', 'Milk Proteins', 'Neuroglia', 'Neurons', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Phagocytosis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Long-Evans', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1']
| 28,860,093
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408'], ['A12.790.520', 'D12.776.256.159.750', 'G07.203.300.428.159.812', 'J02.500.350.525.520', 'J02.500.428.159.750'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical relevance of kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6) and 8 (KLK8) mRNA expression in advanced serous ovarian cancer.
|
Most members of the kallikrein-related peptidase family have been demonstrated to be dysregulated in ovarian cancer and modulate tumor growth, migration, invasion, and resistance to chemotherapy. In the present study, we assessed the mRNA expression levels of KLK6 and KLK8 by quantitative PCR in 100 patients with advanced serous ovarian cancer FIGO stage III/IV. A pronounced correlation between KLK6 and KLK8 mRNA expression (rs = 0.636, p < 0.001) was observed, indicating coordinate expression of both peptidases. No significant associations of clinical parameters with KLK6, KLK8, and a combined score KLK6+KLK8 were found. In univariate Cox regression analysis, elevated mRNA levels of KLK6 were significantly linked with shortened overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.07, p = 0.007). While KLK8 values were not associated with patients' outcome, high KLK6+KLK8 values were significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival (HR = 1.82, p = 0.047) and showed a trend towards significance in the case of OS (HR = 1.82, p = 0.053). Strikingly, in multivariable analysis, elevated KLK6 mRNA values, apart from residual tumor mass, remained an independent predictive marker for poor OS (HR = 2.33, p = 0.005). As KLK6 mRNA and protein levels correlate, KLK6 may represent an attractive therapeutic target for potent and specific inhibitors of its enzymatic activity.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Kallikreins', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Young Adult']
| 27,483,364
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442', 'D12.776.124.125.597', 'D23.119.597'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tracheal bronchus associated with recurrent pneumonia.
|
Abnormalities of the major airways are very uncommon congenital conditions which occur in approximately 2% of the adult population. Usually aberrant bronchi are asymptomatic and are only found by coincidence. We present the rare case of a 49-years-old woman with a tracheal bronchus causing associated with recurrent pneumonia of the right upper lobe.
|
['Bronchi', 'Bronchoscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonectomy', 'Pneumonia', 'Recurrence']
| 24,082,287
|
[['A04.411.125'], ['E01.370.386.105', 'E01.370.388.250.100', 'E04.502.250.100', 'E04.928.600.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.620', 'E04.928.600.600'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Plasma tumor necrosis factor and post-traumatic hyperdynamic sepsis evoked by endotoxin.
|
To examine the role of systemic plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the septic response following trauma, an endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) challenge was administered to anesthetized mongrel pigs 72 h following either hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation or sham shock. For TNF to be considered a mediator, at least two conditions should be satisfied: a TNF increase should precede other manifestations of the septic response and the magnitude of that increase should correlate with the symptoms. Immediately following resuscitation from shock, hemodynamics were stable, but heart rate, cardiac index (CI), and systemic oxygen delivery (DO2) were elevated 20-60%, and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) was decreased 40%, relative to the preshock baseline. After 72 h, the animals were reanesthetized, reinstrumented, and all hemodynamic values were near normal in both groups. At this point, either 1.5 (shock, n = 2; sham, n = 2), 15 (shock, n = 7; sham, n = 6) or 150 (shock, n = 11; sham, n = 4) micrograms/kg of Escherichia coli LPS was administered intravenously over 30 min. Serial hemodynamic data, complete blood counts, and TNF were recorded for 3 h post-LPS. LPS evoked profound leukopenia and pulmonary hypertension within 15 min that was followed by a hyperdynamic septic response (i.e., progressive arterial desaturation, tachypnea, tachycardia, increased CI, and decreased SVR) and rise in plasma TNF at 60-90 min. In the shock group, LPS-evoked TNF changes were less than or equal to those in the sham group, even though mortality was higher after shock.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Weight', 'Cardiac Output', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hemorrhage', 'Leukocytes', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Resuscitation', 'Shock, Septic', 'Swine', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 7,735,948
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G09.330.380'], ['C23.550.414'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A04.411'], ['E02.365.647'], ['C01.757.800', 'C23.550.470.790.500.800', 'C23.550.835.900.712'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['C26']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Screening test of antitumor agents by human tumor cell lines in nude mice in ascitic form].
|
Two kinds of, serially transplantable human tumor cell lines were established in nude mice in ascitic form. One is breast cancer cell line, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, Hattori strain, and the other is acute lymphocytic leukemia cell line, T-cell type, Ichikawa strain. There exists a distinct correlation between the survival time of nude mice and the number of tumor cells transplanted. Clinically established antitumor agents which showed over 200% increase in life span were MMC, ADM and 5FU in Hattori strain, and VCR, VLB, VDS, ADM and BH-AC in Ichikawa strain. These results were considered to be consistent with the clinical effect of these drugs in breast cancer or in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Both strains can serve as the reliable screening system of antitumor agents.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Ascites', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drug Resistance', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Lymphoid', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Transplantation']
| 6,590,878
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C23.550.081'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.428', 'C15.604.515.560', 'C20.683.515.528'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.624']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute acalculous cholecystitis following trauma.
|
A consecutive series of 11 patients with post-traumatic acute acalculous cholecystitis is reviewed. Three patients had sustained multiple trauma, whereas 6 patients had recently undergone alimentary tract surgery and 2 patients orthopaedic or gynaecological surgery. All patients were treated by cholecystectomy. Four cases required reoperation because of an abdominal abscess and 2 cases because of a subcutaneous abscess. One patient was re-explored due to haemorrhage from the gallbladder bed, and another patient due to occlusion of the coeliac axis. The mortality rate was 18 per cent. The importance of early diagnosis and surgical intervention with cholecystectomy are emphasized in this rare condition with high morbidity and mortality.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cholecystectomy', 'Cholecystitis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prognosis', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 7,104,638
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.210.120.172'], ['C06.130.564.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789'], ['C26']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
In vivo blockade of CTLA-4 enhances the priming of responsive T cells but fails to prevent the induction of tumor antigen-specific tolerance.
|
The efficacy of therapeutic vaccination for the treatment of cancer is limited by peripheral tolerance to tumor antigens. In vivo blockade of CTLA-4, a negative regulator of T cell function, can induce the regression of established tumors and can augment the tumor rejection achieved through therapeutic vaccination. These outcomes may reflect enhanced tumor-specific T cell priming and/or interference with the development of tolerance to tumor antigens. We examined the effect of CTLA-4 blockade on the fate and function of T cells specific for a model tumor antigen in the tumor-bearing host. We found that while CTLA-4 blockade enhanced the priming of responsive T cells, it did not prevent the induction of tolerance to tumor antigens. These results demonstrate that there is a critical window in which the combination of CTLA-4 blockade and vaccination achieves an optimal response, and they point to mechanisms other than CTLA-4 engagement in mediating peripheral T cell tolerance to tumor antigens.
|
['Abatacept', 'Animals', 'Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'B7-1 Antigen', 'B7-2 Antigen', 'CTLA-4 Antigen', 'Immune Tolerance', 'Immunoconjugates', 'Male', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Vaccination']
| 10,500,201
|
[['D12.776.124.790.651.114.580.225', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.580.225'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264', 'D23.101.100'], ['D23.050.285'], ['D12.776.467.150.100', 'D12.776.543.095.100', 'D23.050.301.285.100', 'D23.529.168.100'], ['D12.776.465.500', 'D12.776.467.150.200', 'D12.776.543.095.200', 'D23.050.301.285.200', 'D23.529.168.200'], ['D12.776.465.782', 'D12.776.543.750.705.222.750', 'D23.050.301.264.894.158', 'D23.101.100.894.158'], ['G12.535.425'], ['D12.776.124.790.651.114.580', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.580', 'D27.888.569.257'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Mobile applications related to stroke: a systematic review].
|
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of stroke has increased in recent years, highlighting the role of prevention and identification of risk factors, as well as the analysis of their costs. At present, new technologies, specifically mobile applications, are considered as tools with potential benefits in patients with stroke care.AIM: To carry out a systematic review about the information related to potential or specifically designed mobile applications in the field of stroke, in order to classify them and carry out a description of the main characteristics of them.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A systematic review of articles published in English, French and Spanish was carried out from 2007 until 2017 that presents, analyzes and validates a system based on an application with utility or specific design for stroke. In turn, a search for mobile applications has been conducted in mobile application markets.RESULTS: A total of 136 applications for mobile devices related to stroke were found, with 9 of healthy habits, 32 informative, 38 for assessment, 35 for treatment and 22 were specifics.CONCLUSIONS: Evidences with low methodological quality were identified in relation to different areas of care of the patient with stroke, as well as a wide range of applications in the different application markets, which advocated the creation of mechanisms of regulation regarding the validity of content.
|
['Arthrometry, Articular', 'Humans', 'Mobile Applications', 'Neurologic Examination', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Compliance', 'Risk Assessment', 'Stroke', 'Stroke Rehabilitation']
| 29,557,547
|
[['E01.370.600.700.500', 'G11.427.760.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.900.685'], ['E01.370.376.550', 'E01.370.600.550'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.477.500', 'E02.831.477.500', 'H02.403.680.600.750.500', 'N02.421.784.511.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
|
Dapagliflozin is a selective, competitive inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) acting to block reabsorption of filtered glucose in the kidney. Independent of pancreatic â cell function or the modulation of insulin sensitivity, this novel treatment strategy promotes glucosuria and direct lowering of plasma glucose concentrations. Dapagliflozin has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the European Union; however, the United States Food and Drug Administration rejected the approval of dapagliflozin based on lack of clinical data to effectively assess the benefit-to-risk profile. This manuscript will highlight the physiology of renal glucose regulation and reabsorption, briefly outline the pharmacology of dapagliflozin and discuss the results of completed clinical trials as well as the current status of the drug.
|
['Benzhydryl Compounds', 'Blood Glucose', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Drug Approval', 'Glucosides', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2', 'Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors']
| 23,724,409
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389.115'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['E05.290.250', 'E05.337.300', 'I01.880.604.605.250.250'], ['D09.408.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.437.750', 'D12.776.157.530.500.750.750', 'D12.776.157.530.937.700', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.562.750', 'D12.776.543.585.500.750.750', 'D12.776.543.585.937.825'], ['D27.505.519.936', 'D27.505.696.422.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Remnant-like very-low-density lipoprotein isolated from hypertriglyceridemic patients by immunoaffinity chromatography suppressed 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A activity of cultured human skin fibroblasts.
|
It has been previously reported that VLDL unbound to monoclonal antibody against apoB-100 was rich in apoE, thus resembling remnant particles (J Lipid Res, 1993:33;369-380). In the current study, we have further analyzed the unbound VLDL fraction in plasma from hypertriglyceridemic patients using a mixture of monoclonal antibodies against apoB-100 and apoA-1. The unbound VLDL isolated from the plasma of hypertriglyceridemic patients was found to be rich in apoE, apoB-48, and triglyceride compared with the bound VLDL. Furthermore, these unbound VLDL, but not bound VLDL, significantly suppressed HMG CoA reductase activity of cultured human skin fibroblasts (-20 to -25%, P = 0.0022). The degree of suppression is significantly correlated with the apoE content of unbound VLDL (r = -0.769, P < 0.05). Unbound VLDL failed to suppress the activity of HMG CoA reductase of LDL receptor negative fibroblasts. These observations indicate a potential atherogenicity of remnant-like unbound VLDL by delivering more cholesterol through the LDL receptor dependent pathway with apoE as a ligand. In conclusion, this new immunoaffinity chromatography system is a useful method for directly quantifying atherogenic remnants in plasma.
|
['Adult', 'Apolipoprotein B-48', 'Apolipoproteins B', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA-Reductases, NADP-dependent', 'Hypertriglyceridemia', 'Lipoproteins, VLDL', 'Male', 'Triglycerides']
| 9,074,812
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D10.532.091.300.240', 'D12.776.070.400.300.240', 'D12.776.521.120.300.240'], ['D10.532.091.300', 'D12.776.070.400.300', 'D12.776.521.120.300'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.150.415'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.150.415.750'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.851'], ['D10.532.599', 'D12.776.521.622'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.