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Contact hypersensitivity to stainless steel cages (chromium metal) in hairless descendants of mexican hairless dogs.
|
Canine allergic contact hypersensitivity is an uncommon skin disease as compared with human beings because hair coat is a good natural barrier to environmental contactants. In our colony of hairless dogs housed in stainless steel cages, we have encountered spontaneously occurring contact hypersensitivity. The author has attempted to study the toxicological effects of environmental sensitizing substances on the canine skin. The purpose of this study is to elucidate dermatological characteristics in canine species with contact hypersensitivity. This skin lesion was investigated by patch tests, macroscopic observations, and histopathological examinations. Patch tests exhibited positive reactions to potassium dichromate. Macroscopically, early lesions were macules and/or papules and they gradually progressed to severe inflammatory dermatitis over the dorsum. In the chronic phase, lichenification, kyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation, dryness, scaliness, and fissuring were observed in the skin. Avoidance of contact with the stainless steel cages resulted in clinical improvement. Histopathologically, the epidermis apparently showed hyperkeratosis, thickening, hyperplasia, and rete ridge formation. Lichenified lesions had clumps of melanin granules in the stratum basale and spinosum. In the dermis, there was marked edema and dense mononuclear cell infiltration. Vasodilation, hemorrhage, and hyperplasia of sebaceous glands were also found. Both dermal mast cells and epidermal Langerhans cells significantly increased in the skin lesions, as compared with nonlesional sites. The present results revealed that constant contact with stainless steel cages (chromium metal) caused contact hypersensitivity in hairless dogs with very sparse hairs.
|
['Animals', 'Chromium', 'Dermatitis, Contact', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Langerhans Cells', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Skin', 'Skin Tests', 'Stainless Steel']
| 17,366,565
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.556.175', 'D01.268.956.124', 'D01.552.544.175'], ['C17.800.174.255', 'C17.800.815.255'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A11.066.270.500', 'A11.436.270.545', 'A15.382.066.270.500', 'A15.382.670.260.500'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['A17.815'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890'], ['D01.490.800.900', 'D01.552.033.847.681', 'D25.058.807.681', 'J01.637.051.058.807.681']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
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Residues flanking the COOH-terminal C-region of a model eukaryotic signal peptide influence the site of its cleavage by signal peptidase and the extent of coupling of its co-translational translocation and proteolytic processing in vitro.
|
The polar, COOH-terminal c-region of signal peptides has been considered to be most important for influencing the efficiency and fidelity of signal peptidase cleavage while the hydrophobic core or h-region appears indispensable for initiating translocation. To identify structural features of residues flanking the c-region that influence the fidelity and efficiency of signal peptidase cleavage as well as co-translational translocation, we introduced six amino acid substitutions into the COOH terminus of the hydrophobic core and seven substitutions at the NH2 terminus of the mature region (the +1 position) of a model eukaryotic preprotein-human pre(delta pro)apoA-II. This preprotein contains several potential sites for signal peptidase cleavage. The functional consequences of these mutations were assayed using an in vitro co-translational translocation/processing system and by post-translational cleavage with purified, detergent-solubilized, hen oviduct signal peptidase. The efficiency of translocation could be correlated with the hydrophobic character of the residue introduced at the COOH terminus of the h-region. Some h/c boundary mutants underwent co-translational translocation across the microsomal membrane with only minimal cleavage yet they were cleaved post-translationally by hen oviduct signal peptidase more efficiently than other mutants which exhibited a high degree of coupling of co-translational translocation and cleavage. These data suggest that features at the COOH terminus of the h-domain can influence "presentation" of the cleavage site to signal peptidase. The +1 residue substitutions had minor effects on the extent of co-translational translocation and processing. However, these +1, as well as h/c boundary mutations, had dramatic effects on the site of cleavage chosen by signal peptidase, indicating that residues flanking the c-region of this prototypic eukaryotic signal peptide can affect the fidelity of its proteolytic processing. The site(s) selected by canine microsomal and purified hen oviduct signal peptidase were very similar, suggesting that "intrinsic" structural features of this prepeptide can influence the selectivity of eukaryotic signal peptidase cleavage, independent of the microsomal membrane and associated translocation apparatus.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Apolipoprotein A-II', 'Apolipoproteins A', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Compartmentation', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Endopeptidases', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Microsomes', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligonucleotides', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Protein Sorting Signals', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Solubility', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 2,123,875
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D10.532.091.200.150', 'D12.776.070.400.200.150', 'D12.776.521.120.200.150'], ['D10.532.091.200', 'D12.776.070.400.200', 'D12.776.521.120.200'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G03.143'], ['G04.128'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.776.543'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.695.578.424'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D12.644.770', 'G02.111.570.060.670'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['G02.805'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Structure-activity relationship of a u-type antimicrobial microemulsion system.
|
The structure-activity relationship of a U-type antimicrobial microemulsion system containing glycerol monolaurate and ethanol at a 1?1 mass ratio as oil phase and Tween 20 as surfactant were investigated along a water dilution line at a ratio of 80?20 mass% surfactant/oil phase, based on a pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The differential scanning calorimetry results showed that in the region of up to 33% water, all water molecules are confined to the hydrophilic core of the reverse micelles, leading to the formation of w/o microemulsion. As the water content increases, the water gains mobility, and transforms into bicontinuous in the region of 33-39% water, and finally the microemulsion become o/w in the region of above 39% water. The microstructure characterization was confirmed by the dynamic light scattering measurements and freeze-fracture transmission electron microscope observation. The antimicrobial activity assay using kinetics of killing analysis demonstrated that the microemulsions in w/o regions exhibited relatively high antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus due to the antimicrobial oil phase as the continuous phase, while the antimicrobial activity started to decrease when the microemulsions entered the bicontinuous region, and decreased rapidly as the water content increased in the o/w region, as a result of the dilution of antimicrobial oil droplets in the aqueous continuous phase.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Calorimetry, Differential Scanning', 'Emulsions', 'Escherichia coli', 'Ethanol', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Laurates', 'Micelles', 'Monoglycerides', 'Particle Size', 'Polysorbates', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Temperature', 'Thermodynamics']
| 24,204,605
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['E05.196.131.310', 'E05.196.370.310'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D02.033.375'], ['G02.409'], ['D10.251.500.410'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['D10.351.676'], ['G02.712'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.690', 'D05.750.741.700', 'D25.720.741.700', 'J01.637.051.720.741.700'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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[Lung cancer with elevated amylase activity. One observation with study of amylase's isoenzymes (author's transl)].
|
Amylase is composed by two isoenzymes groups: pancreatic or salivary type. This last part can be increased in many diseases. A case of lung cancer with elevated amylase activity in blood, urine and pleural fluid is reported in a 74-year-old man. This increase was due to salivary type isoamylases with an unusual component which disappeared by neuraminidase treatment. The significance and the origin of this hyperamylasemia with non pancreatic cancer are discussed.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Amylases', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Neuraminidase', 'Pleural Effusion', 'Saliva']
| 493,026
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition preserves respiratory immunity and improves survival to a Pseudomonas Pneumonia.
|
BACKGROUND: Addition of 2% glutamine (GLN), a specific lymphocyte fuel, prevents deleterious effects of TPN on gut-associated lymphoid tissue and IgA while preserving IgA-mediated upper respiratory immunity to influenza virus. We examined whether a 2% GLN-enhanced TPN solution preserves respiratory immunity to a lethal and clinically relevant pneumonia challenge.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male ICR mice were randomized to chow (n = 20), TPN (n = 20), or an isonitrogenous, isocaloric TPN-2% GLN solution (n = 17). All groups were immunized 10 days before surgery with Pseudomonas polysaccharide-containing liposomes (LIP) to confer immunity except for a nonimmune chow-fed LIP control group (n = 21) which received LIP without Pseudomonas. Mice received 5 days of diet and then were given an LD90 dose of 1.2 x 10(8) intratracheal Pseudomonas bacteria, and mortality was recorded.RESULTS: Immunization reduced mortality compared with LIP alone. TPN impaired immunity and reduced survival while GLN maintained immunization effectiveness.CONCLUSIONS: Pseudomonas immunization reduces mortality to Pseudomonas pneumonia, but this immunity is lost with TPN. Addition of 2% GLN to TPN preserves immunity in the respiratory tract and reduces mortality to a lethal bacterial challenge compared with standard TPN.
|
['Animals', 'Glutamine', 'Immunity', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Parenteral Nutrition, Total', 'Pneumonia, Bacterial', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Respiratory System', 'Survival Analysis']
| 10,334,882
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.330', 'D12.125.095.461', 'D12.125.154.424'], ['G12.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['E02.421.505.575', 'E02.642.500.505.750'], ['C01.150.252.620', 'C01.748.610.540', 'C08.381.677.540', 'C08.730.610.540'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['A04'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Success, failure, and spreading speeds for invasions on spatial gradients.
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We study a model that describes the spatial spread of a species along a habitat gradient on which the species' growth increases. Mathematical analysis is provided to determine the spreading dynamics of the model. We demonstrate that the species may succeed or fail in local invasion depending on the species' growth function and dispersal kernel. We delineate the conditions under which a spreading species may be stopped by poor quality habitat, and demonstrate how a species can escape a region of poor quality habitat by climbing a resource gradient to good quality habitat where it spreads at a constant spreading speed. We show that dispersal may take the species from a good quality region to a poor quality region where the species becomes extinct. We also provide formulas for spreading speeds for the model that are determined by the dispersal kernel and linearized growth rates in both directions.
|
['Animals', 'Ecosystem', 'Introduced Species', 'Mathematical Concepts', 'Models, Biological', 'Population Dynamics']
| 24,562,814
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['B01.050.050.580', 'G16.500.275.157.049.400', 'N06.230.124.049.400'], ['G17'], ['E05.599.395'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
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Increase in gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity as a mechanism for butylated hydroxyanisole-mediated elevation of hepatic glutathione.
|
Previous studies have demonstrated that dietary administration of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and other phenolic antioxidants increases hepatic glutathione (GSH). The purpose of this study was to examine whether BHA increases GSH by increasing the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), the rate-limiting enzyme in hepatic GSH biosynthesis. Male Swiss-Webster mice were fed BHA in the diet at various doses (0.05-0.75%, w/w, of diet) for 14 days. An additional study examined the effects of 0.75% BHA on hepatic GSH and GCS activity at 1, 4, 8, and 14 days, and at various times following cessation of the BHA diet. BHA increased both GSH and GCS activity in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. At the maximal dose of 0.75% BHA, hepatic GSH and GCS activity was increased by 1.5-fold and 2.1-fold, respectively, by Day 8, and remained at this level at Day 14. GSH was initially depleted at 1 day on the BHA diet, but had returned to control levels at Day 4. Upon removal of the BHA diet, both GCS and GSH returned to control values within 4 days. Hepatic cytosolic GCS activity from BHA-treated mice was inhibited by GSH in a manner similar to that of GCS from untreated mice. These data demonstrate that GCS activity is increased by BHA, and that this increase may be responsible for the elevation of hepatic GSH after BHA treatment observed previously. Whether the BHA-mediated increase in GCS activity is the result of enhanced transcriptional activation of the GCS gene, or results from stabilization of existing GCS enzyme activity, requires further investigation.
|
['Animals', 'Butylated Hydroxyanisole', 'Diet', 'Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase', 'Glutathione', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains']
| 7,910,419
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.355.601.200.324', 'D02.355.726.158.324', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.158.324'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D08.811.464.259.850.400'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Characterizations of cholinesterases in golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata).
|
Cholinesterases (ChEs) have been identified in vertebrates and invertebrates. Inhibition of ChE activity in invertebrates, such as bivalve molluscs, has been used to evaluate the exposure of organophosphates, carbamate pesticides, and heavy metals in the marine system. The golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) is considered as one of the worst invasive alien species harmful to rice and other crops. The ChE(s) in this animal, which has been found recently, but poorly characterized thus far, could serve as biomarker(s) for environmental surveillance as well as a potential target for the pest control. In this study, the tissue distribution, substrate preference, sensitivity to ChE inhibitors, and molecular species of ChEs in P. canaliculata were investigated. It was found that the activities of both AChE and BChE were present in all test tissues. The intestine had the most abundant ChE activities. Both enzymes had fair activities in the head, kidney, and gills. The BChE activity was more sensitive to tetra-isopropylpyrophosphoramide (iso-OMPA) than the AChE. Only one BChE molecular species, 5.8S, was found in the intestine and head, whereas two AChE species, 5.8S and 11.6S, were found there. We propose that intestine ChEs of this snail may be potential biomarkers for manipulating pollutions.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Animals', 'Butyrylcholinesterase', 'Intestines', 'Organ Specificity', 'Snails']
| 24,217,797
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.170.250'], ['A03.556.124'], ['G07.650'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Potential and limitations of bovine-specific arrays for the analysis of mRNA levels in early development: preliminary analysis using a bovine embryonic array.
|
New insights into the early development of large mammals are becoming available through the measurement of differential mRNA levels in oocytes and preimplantation embryos. These advances in knowledge are rapidly picking up in pace, mainly owing to the advantages brought by new molecular biology approaches being developed. The possibility of amplifying the starting material and therefore making measurements in single embryo units is now feasible. With these tools, the evaluation of variations in gene expression patterns during the preimplantation period or the impact of culture on mRNA levels is now possible. However, it is important to keep in mind that these methods still have limitations associated with sample preparation or the use of the appropriate controls. Even proper methods of analysis are very important to achieve the full benefit of the application of these tools. The present paper describes some of the potential, as well as limitations, of mRNA level analysis in early embryos, especially for microarray analysis. We have generated a bovine cDNA array (>2000 clones) that contains expressed sequence tags (ESTs) collected from various preimplantation development stages. Using this chip, we have initiated the characterisation of global mRNA level patterns of several key developmental stages from the immature oocyte to the blastocyst stage. As expected, the hybridisation results indicate very different expression profiles involving hundreds of genes when comparing oocyte and blastocyst samples to a reference mRNA sample made from a pool of ESTs from pooled somatic tissues. Although this array is still in its preliminary stage and the EST bank has not been processed to contain only unigenes, it is already a very useful tool for discovering candidate genes that may play important roles during early embryonic life.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Embryo Culture Techniques', 'Embryonic Development', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 15,745,631
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['E05.481.500.468'], ['G07.345.500.325.180', 'G08.686.784.170.104'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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[The influence of relationship dynamics on the psychosocial outcome of genetically related and unrelated living kidney donor-recipient pairs].
|
OBJECTIVES: Renal diseases and their treatment can cause distress and psychosocial problems for both patients and relatives.METHODS: Relationship dynamics and parameters of quality of life were assessed in 10 genetically related (brothers) and 14 genetically unrelated donor-recipient pairs (spouses) involved in living kidney donation (LKD).RESULTS: LKDs were described by related donors and recipients as fundamentally positive and in many cases led to an intensification of the relationship between donor and recipient. LKDs between unrelated donors and recipients appeared to achieve the same results as donations between related donors and recipients. Particularly the general desire to help determined the decision-making process of donors.CONCLUSION: In addition to general clinical parameters, especially motivational and relationship dynamics should be evaluated in the pre- and postoperative clinical psychological assessment of potential donors and recipients of LKD.
|
['Adult', 'Altruism', 'Decision Making', 'Defense Mechanisms', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Living Donors', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motivation', 'Quality of Life', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Transplantation, Isogeneic']
| 22,427,127
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.813.090'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['F01.393'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.898.656'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E04.936.864'], ['E04.936.864.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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A phase I first-in-human trial of bardoxolone methyl in patients with advanced solid tumors and lymphomas.
|
PURPOSE: Bardoxolone methyl, a novel synthetic triterpenoid and antioxidant inflammation modulator, potently induces Nrf2 and inhibits NF-êB and Janus-activated kinase/STAT signaling. This first-in-human phase I clinical trial aimed to determine the dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and appropriate dose for phase II studies; characterize pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters; and assess antitumor activity.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Bardoxolone methyl was administered orally once daily for 21 days of a 28-day cycle. An accelerated titration design was employed until a grade 2-related adverse event occurred. A standard 3 + 3 dose escalation was then employed until the MTD was reached. Single dose and steady-state plasma pharmacokinetics of the drug were characterized. Assessment of Nrf2 activation was examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by measuring NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) mRNA levels. Immunohistochemical assessment of markers of inflammation, cell cycle, and apoptosis was carried out on tumor biopsies.RESULTS: The DLTs were grade 3 reversible liver transaminase elevations. The MTD was established as 900 mg/d. A complete tumor response occurred in a mantle cell lymphoma patient, and a partial response was observed in an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma patient. NQO1 mRNA levels increased in PBMCs, and NF-êB and cyclin D1 levels decreased in tumor biopsies. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was also increased.CONCLUSIONS: Bardoxolone methyl was well tolerated with an MTD of 900 mg/d. The increase in eGFR suggests that bardoxolone methyl might be beneficial in chronic kidney disease. Objective tumor responses and pharmacodynamic effects were observed, supporting continued development of other synthetic triterpenoids in cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Cyclin D1', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Janus Kinases', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Lymphoma', 'Male', 'Maximum Tolerated Dose', 'Melanoma', 'Middle Aged', 'NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)', 'NF-E2-Related Factor 2', 'NF-kappa B', 'Neoplasms', 'Oleanolic Acid', 'RNA, Messenger', 'STAT Transcription Factors', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Young Adult']
| 22,634,319
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.100', 'D12.776.167.218.150.100', 'D12.776.476.262.150.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.100'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.124', 'D12.776.476.393'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['E05.940.481', 'G07.690.936.625'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.682.608.800.500'], ['D12.776.260.108.737', 'D12.776.930.127.737'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['C04'], ['D02.455.849.919.530.733', 'D02.455.849.919.650.600'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.644.360.024.342', 'D12.776.157.057.186', 'D12.776.476.024.430', 'D12.776.930.840'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Modeling event times with multiple outcomes using the Wiener process with drift.
|
Length of stay in hospital (LOS) is a widely used outcome measure in Health Services research, often acting as a surrogate for resource consumption or as a measure of efficiency. The distribution of LOS is typically highly skewed, with a few large observations. An interesting feature is the presence of multiple outcomes (e.g. healthy discharge, death in hospital, transfer to another institution). Health Services researchers are interested in modeling the dependence of LOS on covariates, often using administrative data collected for other purposes, such as calculating fees for doctors. Even after all available covariates have been included in the model, unexplained heterogeneity usually remains. In this article, we develop a parametric regression model for LOS that addresses these features. The model is based on the time, T, that a Wiener process with drift (representing an unobserved health level process) hits one of two barriers, one representing healthy discharge and the other death in hospital. Our approach to analyzing event times has many parallels with competing risks analysis (Kalbfleisch and Prentice, The Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data, New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1980)), and can be seen as a way of formalizing a competing risks situation. The density of T is an infinite series, and we outline a proof that the density and its derivatives are absolutely and uniformly convergent, and regularity conditions are satisfied. Expressions for the expected value of T, the conditional expectation of T given outcome, and the probability of each outcome are available in terms of model parameters. The proposed regression model uses an approximation to the density formed by truncating the series, and its parameters are estimated by maximum likelihood. An extension to allow a third outcome (e.g. transfers out of hospital) is discussed, as well as a mixture model that addresses the issue of unexplained heterogeneity. The model is illustrated using administrative data.
|
['Health Services Research', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Logistic Models', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Discharge', 'Patient Transfer', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Risk Assessment', 'Survival Analysis', 'Time', 'Treatment Failure']
| 15,130,049
|
[['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E02.760.169.624', 'E02.760.400.630', 'N02.421.585.169.624', 'N02.421.585.400.630', 'N04.590.233.727.210.624'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['G01.910'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Treatment tactics of hemorroidal disease stage III-IV].
|
The Miligan-Morgan's operation has long been considered to be the "golden standard" of hemorrhoids' stage I-III treatment. The invention of distal branches of the upper rectal artery' suture ligation with mucopexia and lifting of the anal canal mucosa discovered new possibilities for hemorrhoids surgery, though there are still some questions considering long-term results. 151 cases of recurrence within 1-6 months were analyzed. The use of CT-angiography with 3D reconstruction of the upper rectal artery allowed to chose the operative technique more relevant and thus improve the treatment results.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angiography', 'Arteries', 'Comparative Effectiveness Research', 'Female', 'Hemorrhoidectomy', 'Hemorrhoids', 'Humans', 'Ligation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Preoperative Care', 'Rectum', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler']
| 23,715,415
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['H01.770.644.145.360.500', 'N05.425.157'], ['E04.210.526'], ['C06.405.469.860.401', 'C14.907.449'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.426'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Unilateral anhidrosis: a rare presentation of atrial myxoma?
|
A 50-year-old Chinese woman, non-smoker, presented with a 6-month history of increased sweating on the right side of her face, exertional chest tightness and breathlessness. Although the patient presented with increased sweating on the right, further history and examination revealed unilateral, left-sided anhidrosis, left partial ptosis and miosis consistent with Horner's syndrome. The patient was subsequently investigated with thoracic CT to assess for an apical lung mass (Pancoast tumour). A CT chest ruled out a mediastinal tumour, however, it revealed a large 60?41 mm soft tissue mass arising from the left atrium, protruding across the mitral valve into the left ventricle, suspicious of an intracardiac tumour. The patient was referred urgently for cardiothoracic assessment at a tertiary referral centre and successful open resection was performed. Histology confirmed an atrial myxoma. The patient developed postoperative atrial fibrillation but otherwise made a full recovery.
|
['Female', 'Heart Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Hypohidrosis', 'Middle Aged', 'Myxoma']
| 23,230,264
|
[['C04.588.894.309', 'C14.280.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.946.370'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.450.565.550']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Platelet monoamine oxidase and plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activities in non-abstinent chronic alcoholics. Relation to clinical parameters.
|
Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) and plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activities were determined in 27 male non-abstinent chronic alcoholics. Compared to 24 normals, no significant difference in both enzyme activities was found. Alcoholics with at least one alcoholic first degree relative had a trend toward lower platelet MAO activity compared to those without such a history. Matched pair analysis showed that alcoholics of the former subgroup had significantly lower MAO activity than controls. Demented alcoholics had significantly reduced plasma DBH activity compared with the non-demented subgroup and with age, and sex, matched controls.
|
['Adult', 'Alcoholism', 'Blood Platelets', 'Dementia', 'Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monoamine Oxidase', 'Regression Analysis']
| 3,608,795
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.292'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.682.664.750'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Atypical mycobacteria-induced cervical adenitis. Treatment by needle aspiration.
|
Atypical mycobacteria are among the most frequent causes of cervical adenitis. These unilateral nodes seldom present a treatment problem since surgical excision is curative. Occasionally, however, the affected cervical node lies adjacent to the facial nerve and/or its marginal mandibular branch. There can be a substantial risk of damage to the facial nerve and its branches in excision of such an infected mass with surrounding edema and cellulitis. An alternative and safe method of treatment in these cases is needle aspiration of the contents of mass. Of 17 cases of atypical mycobacteria-induced cervical adenitis seen at UCLA from 1975 to 1985, nine were treated by aspiration alone. None of these required further surgery. All were treated with one or more antituberculous agents during and after aspiration. This method of needle decompression of cervical nodes provides a safe and effective way to treat atypical mycobacteria infection that overlies the facial nerve and its branches.
|
['Adult', 'Antitubercular Agents', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lymphadenitis', 'Male', 'Mycobacterium Infections', 'Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous', 'Neck', 'Nontuberculous Mycobacteria', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Suction', 'Time Factors']
| 3,365,339
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C15.604.315'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475'], ['A01.598'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.720', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.720'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.237.890'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluating the effect of reduced entrance surface dose on neonatal chest imaging using subjective image quality evaluation.
|
INTRODUCTION: As hospitalized neonates are radiosensitive and often require numerous X-rays, institutions should investigate the optimal beam parameter combinations to deliver diagnostically acceptable quality images at the lowest possible entrance surface dose (ESD). Using a subjective approach, this study evaluated the effect of different beam parameter combinations on image quality.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Five rabbits simulated the neonatal chest. The ESD was reduced using a variation of voltage, tube current and filtration. Eight radiology registrars, blinded to the dose parameter information, ranked the digital X-ray images of three anatomical regions from best to worst using a variation of the multiple rank order method. T-tests compared the average values, obtained from the scores assigned by each observer to images acquired at different ESDs, for each region. The calculated intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) assessed observer agreement.RESULTS: Results showed that a 64% dose reduction was achievable by altering the beam parameters. Large variation among the observers was confirmed by an ICC value <0.5. A 95% confidence interval could not conclude that different ESD values, resulting in a 50-77% dose reduction compared to current practice, would result in different overall observed image quality. This was noted for all three regions indicating that no preference existed towards an image acquired with a specific beam parameter combination.CONCLUSIONS: The large variation in observers' opinion of acceptable image quality emphasizes the importance of subjective image quality evaluation in the clinical environment. The rabbit phantom and multiple rank order method are considered appropriate for these evaluations.
|
['Animals', 'Biophysical Phenomena', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Models, Animal', 'Observer Variation', 'Rabbits', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiography, Thoracic']
| 27,542,577
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.598'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E01.370.350.700.730']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Age affects outcomes in chronic kidney disease.
|
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common among the elderly. However, little is known about how the clinical implications of CKD vary with age. We examined the age-specific incidence of death, treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among 209,622 US veterans with CKD stages 3 to 5 followed for a mean of 3.2 years. Patients aged 75 years or older at baseline comprised 47% of the overall cohort and accounted for 28% of the 9227 cases of ESRD that occurred during follow-up. Among patients of all ages, rates of both death and ESRD were inversely related to eGFR at baseline. However, among those with comparable levels of eGFR, older patients had higher rates of death and lower rates of ESRD than younger patients. Consequently, the level of eGFR below which the risk of ESRD exceeded the risk of death varied by age, ranging from 45 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) for 18 to 44 year old patients to 15 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) for 65 to 84 year old patients. Among those 85 years or older, the risk of death always exceeded the risk of ESRD in this cohort. Among patients with eGFR levels <45 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) at baseline, older patients were less likely than their younger counterparts to experience an annual decline in eGFR of >3 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). In conclusion, age is a major effect modifier among patients with an eGFR of <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), challenging us to move beyond a uniform stage-based approach to managing CKD.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'United States']
| 17,855,638
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Hospital-based Emergency Department Visits with Periapical Abscess: Updated Estimates from 7 Years.
|
INTRODUCTION: The impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on the utilization of the emergency department (ED) for periapical abscess (PA) is unknown. The objectives of this study were to provide nationwide estimates of hospital-based ED visits with PA and to examine the effect of the ACA on the use of EDs for PAs.METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) for 2008 to 2014. All ED visits with a diagnosis of PA were selected. The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision-Clinical Modification code was used to identify PA. Patient- and hospital-level characteristics were examined. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data.RESULTS: From 2008 to 2014, a total of 3,505,633 ED visits for PA occurred. The proportion of ED visits with PA significantly increased over the study period (from 460,260 in 2008 to 545,693 in 2014). Medicaid was the primary payer (30.3%) and more than 40% were uninsured. Mean charge per PA-related ED visit was $1080.50 and total PA-related ED charge across the United States was $3.4 billion. Among those hospitalized following PA-related ED visits, mean hospitalization charges were $34,245 and total hospitalization charges were $5.7 billion.CONCLUSION: Oral health continues to be overlooked in health care. A large proportion of ED visits with PA were made by those covered by Medicaid and uninsured. The passing of the ACA has not reduced the number of ED visits with PA.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Dental Care', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Periapical Abscess', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 30,803,531
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['E06.170', 'N02.421.240.190'], ['N02.421.297'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['C01.830.025.650', 'C07.320.830.700.700', 'C07.465.714.306.700.700', 'C07.465.714.533.487.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Increased susceptibility to liver damage from pneumoperitoneum in a murine model of biliary atresia.
|
HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that livers with biliary atresia (BA) are more susceptible to the harmful effects of a high-pressure CO(2) pneumoperitoneum (PP) than healthy livers.METHODS: A murine model of BA was used in this experiment. Mice were divided into 6 groups: (1) control Balb/c; (2) control Balb/c, CO(2)-PP; (3) control BA; (4) BA-sham; (5) BA, CO(2)-PP; and (6) BA, air-PP. Mice from groups 2, 5, and 6 underwent an 8-mm Hg-PP for 60 minutes. Liver samples were collected for histology, colorimetry, and flow cytometry analysis 18 to 24 hours after the procedure. Markers of apoptosis were investigated as indicators of acute cell damage.RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant higher rate of apoptosis in livers with BA exposed to a prolonged CO(2)-PP or air-PP compared with control groups. There were no significant differences between groups 1 and 2, or between groups 5 and 6.CONCLUSIONS: In this animal model, we have shown that livers with BA are more susceptible than healthy livers to injury by a prolonged PP. This injury was caused by both CO(2) and air-PP, implying that it is the direct result of pressure. These results may have implications for the success of minimally invasive Kasai procedures.
|
['Animals', 'Biliary Atresia', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Liver Failure', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial']
| 20,850,622
|
[['B01.050'], ['C06.130.120.123', 'C06.198.125', 'C16.131.314.125'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['C06.552.308.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E01.370.388.605']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Treatment of tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament through a minimally posteromedial transverse incision in the hip knee flexion].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the methods and outcomes of a minimally posteromedial transverse incision in the hip knee flexion for the treatment of tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).METHODS: Twenty-one patients with tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of PCL treated with a minimally posteromedial transverse incision in the hip knee flexion by cannulated screw fixation from March 2010 to March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 8 females with an average age of 35.1 years old (ranged, 20 to 56 years). Eleven cases caused by traffic accident, 3 caused by falling, 4 caused by sport, 3 caused by heavy pounds. The injury duration ranged from 3 hours to 9 days with a mean of 3.5 days. The results of posterior drawer test were positive in all patients. Lysholm score was used to evaluated knee joint function.RESULTS: All operations were successful without infection, vessel and nerve injuries and all incisions healed by first intention with the mean length of 5.8 cm (ranged, 5 to 6 cm). All patients were followed up from 7 to 23 months with an average of 12.7 months. The results of posterior drawer test were negative in all patients. X-ray films showed that all fractures healed. The Lysholm score was improved from preoperative 40.76±9.55 to 95.86±2.33 final follow-up (t=30.07, P=0.000).CONCLUSION: Treatment of tibial avulsion fracture at the insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament through a minimally posteromedial transverse incision in the hip knee flexion with cannulated screw fixation is a better surgical procedure with the advantages of minimal incision, sufficient exposure, effective fixation, small scar and satisfactory effects.
|
['Adult', 'Bone Screws', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Hip Joint', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Posterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Tibial Fractures']
| 25,823,132
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['A02.835.583.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.502'], ['A02.513.514.600', 'A02.835.583.512.600', 'A10.165.669.514.600'], ['C26.404.875', 'C26.558.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Saccade abnormalities in autopsy-confirmed frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Deficits in the generation and control of saccades have been described in clinically defined frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer disease (AD).OBJECTIVE: To determine the saccade abnormalities associated with autopsy-defined cases of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and of AD, because clinical FTD syndromes can correspond to a number of different underlying neuropathologic FTD and non-FTD diagnoses.DESIGN: An infrared eye tracker was used to record visually guided saccades to 10° targets and antisaccades in subjects with autopsy-confirmed FTD and subjects with autopsy-confirmed AD, a mean (SE) of 35.6 (10.0) months prior to death, and age-matched normal controls. Twelve subjects with FTD had an FTLD-TAR DNA-binding protein 43 pathology, 15 had an FTLD-tau pathology, and 1 subject showed an FTLD-fused in sarcoma protein pathology. Receiver operating curve statistics were used to determine the diagnostic value of the oculomotor variables. Neuroanatomical correlates of oculomotor abnormalities were investigated using voxel-based morphometry.SETTING: Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 28 subjects with autopsy-confirmed FTD, 10 subjects with autopsy-confirmed AD, and 27 age-matched normal controls.RESULTS: All subjects with FTD or AD were impaired relative to normal controls on the antisaccade task. However, only FTLD-tau and AD cases displayed reflexive visually guided saccade abnormalities. The AD cases displayed prominent increases in horizontal saccade latency that differentiated them from the FTD cases. Impairments in velocity and gain were most severe in individuals with progressive supranuclear palsy but were also present in other tauopathies. By using vertical and horizontal saccade velocity and gain as our measures, we were able to differentiate patients with progressive supranuclear palsy from other patients. Vertical saccade velocity was strongly correlated with dorsal midbrain volume.CONCLUSION: Decreased visually guided saccade velocity and gain are suggestive of underlying tau pathology in FTD, with vertical saccade abnormalities most diagnostic of progressive supranuclear palsy.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Autopsy', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Female', 'Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Ocular Motility Disorders', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'ROC Curve', 'Saccades']
| 22,491,196
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['C10.228.140.380.266', 'C10.574.950.300', 'C18.452.845.800.300', 'F03.615.400.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['C10.228.758', 'C10.292.562', 'C11.590'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['G14.350.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of the pattern of inflammatory cell influx in chicks following the intraperitoneal administration of live Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines.
|
We characterized the inflammatory cell influx in day-old chicks induced by the i.p. administration of live Salmonella enteritidis (SE) and lymphokines from concanavalin A-stimulated SE-immune T lymphocytes (ILK). An i.p. injection of ILK along with 5 x 10(3) cfu SE increased the survival rate of chicks 48 h later from 70% (ILK-treated controls) compared with 25% (saline-treated). The injection of both the ILK and live SE (but not formalin-killed SE) resulted in an increased influx of inflammatory heterophils into the peritoneum that peaked at 4 h after the injections with no increase in peritoneal macrophages. The heterophil accumulation was not influenced by polymyxin B, but was sensitive to heat treatment (100 C for 1 h) of the ILK, suggesting that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) did not contribute to the induced accumulation of heterophils. Treatment of the chicks with nordihydroguaiaretic acid or indomethacin did not abrogate the induced heterophil accumulation, suggesting that arachidonic acid metabolites were not involved in the SE/ILK-induced accumulation of peritoneal heterophils. The results from the current studies indicate that 1) ILK-mediated resistance to SE-induced mortality is mediated by a rapid influx of inflammatory heterophils to the site of infection; 2) live SE, during invasion, are vital for the site-directed migration of the heterophils; and 3) the mechanisms of induced heterophil accumulation are unknown but involve neither LPS nor arachidonic acid metabolites.
|
['Animals', 'Arachidonic Acid', 'Cell Movement', 'Chickens', 'Female', 'Inflammation', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Lymphokines', 'Peritoneal Cavity', 'Phagocytes', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Salmonella Infections, Animal', 'Salmonella enteritidis']
| 7,899,216
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.678'], ['A11.733', 'A15.382.680'], ['C22.131.728'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821.706', 'C22.812'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.300', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.160']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Renin gene rs1464816 polymorphism contributes to chronic kidney disease progression in ADPKD.
|
BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a monogenic disorder and is a common genetic cause of chronic renal failure in children and adults. The enzyme renin plays a key role in the RAAS cascade and an important role in the development of hypertension and progression of renal disease in ADPKD. The present study is aimed to investigate the potential modifier effect of REN gene polymorphisms on the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in ADPKD.METHODS: We analyzed 102 ADPKD patients and 106 healthy controls from the same geographic area. FRET-based KASPar single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays for REN gene tag-SNPs (rs2887284, rs2368564, rs1464816, rs7521667, rs10900555, rs6693954, rs6676670 and rs11571078) were performed. Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to assess the potential associations between these polymorphisms and CKD stages. Haplotype frequencies and LD measures were estimated by using the software Haploview. Mantel-Haenszel stratified analysis was used to explore confounding and interaction effects of these polymorphisms.RESULTS: Of the eight tag-SNPs genotyped, the rs10900555 polymorphism deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls. The presence of ADPKD in general was not significantly associated with the REN tag-SNPs included in this study. Linkage disequilibrium analysis yielded three haplotype blocks and the haplotypes of the respective blocks are not statistically different between ADPKD and controls. In multivariate analysis, the rs1464816 TG genotype showed a significant association with the advancement of CKD in ADPKD (OR = 4.80; 95 % CI = 1.30-17.82; p = 0.019).CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides evidence that the rs1464816 polymorphism in REN is associated with CKD progression in ADPKD.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Renin']
| 26,753,721
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.419.403.875.500', 'C13.351.968.419.403.875.500', 'C16.131.077.717.500', 'C16.320.184.625.500'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Alcohol-discrimination in gerbils: interactions with bemegride, DH-524, Amphetamine, and delta9-THC.
|
Male gerbils were trained to discriminate the effects of an injection of alcohol (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/kg) from the nondrug condition in a T-shaped maze. The formation of the discrimination was related to the training dose used, the high dose (2 g/kg) being the most rapidly discriminable condition. After having reached a criterion of performing 8 correct first-trial choices out of 10 consecutive training sessions the animals were tested for possible generalization or antagonism with bemegride, DH-524, d-amphetamine or delta9-THC. The results suggested that neither of these drugs substituted for alcohol, nor did the drugs reverse or antagonize the alcohol-discrimination, i.e. the gerbils choose the nondrug associated position of the T-maze after single injections of the test-drugs whereas combinations of alcohol and the test-drugs resulted in responding appropriate for the alcohol-(training)-condition.
|
['Animals', 'Bemegride', 'Dextroamphetamine', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Dronabinol', 'Drug Interactions', 'Ethanol', 'Gerbillinae', 'Imidazoles', 'Male', 'Phenobarbital', 'Time Factors']
| 901,060
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.725.791.100'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.110.200'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['D02.455.849.090.810'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D02.033.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.300'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D03.383.742.698.253.650'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neonatal renovascular hypertension due to prenatal traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma.
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This report describes severe hypertension in a 7-week-old male infant found to have renovascular disease from an organized hematoma due to prenatal trauma. As such, this case illustrates a novel acquired, congenital mechanism of renovascular hypertension. The importance of considering prenatal as well as postnatal etiologies of acquired renovascular hypertension in neonates is emphasized. Likewise, attention must be drawn to the classic presentation of congestive heart failure in a child with severe hypertension.
|
['Female', 'Hematoma', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Renal', 'Infant', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Injuries', 'Retroperitoneal Space', 'Wounds, Nonpenetrating']
| 15,711,950
|
[['C23.550.414.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.331', 'C13.351.968.419.331', 'C14.907.489.631'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824'], ['A01.923.047.025.750'], ['C26.974']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term survivors of colorectal cancer with unresectable hepatic metastases.
|
Five patients with colorectal cancer and unresectable synchronous liver metastases have survived for over five years at this writing. Four of the five had multiple metastases over both lobes, as diagnosed preoperatively, and the other had multiple metastases in the right lobe not evident preoperatively. The primary foci were excised completely in four patients. For one patient with multiple metastases limited to the right lobe, the postoperative cancer chemotherapy prescribed was intravenous mitomycin C (MMC; 12 mg) and oral ftorafur (a derivative of 5-FU) for a total dose of 291 gm over 63 weeks. The remaining four patients underwent postoperative intra-arterial infusion therapy with the average total dose of 20.5 mg of MMC plus 5600 mg of 5-FU; subsequently, they received protracted chemotherapy with oral ftorafur of 354 gm as an average, with little or no side effects. In these four patients, duration of intra-arterial treatment was an average of 3.2 weeks, and the subsequent oral treatment continued for an average of 85 weeks. Recent hepatic echography and CEA determinations show these patients to be free from intrahepatic metastasis.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Aged', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intra-Arterial', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitomycin', 'Mitomycins', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Tegafur']
| 3,926,443
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510.520'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.806.400.249.350', 'D03.383.097.500.350', 'D03.633.100.473.412.249.350'], ['D02.806.400.249', 'D03.383.097.500', 'D03.633.100.473.412.249'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Usefulness of intraoperative insular electrocorticography in modified functional hemispherectomy.
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BACKGROUND: The insular cortex is not routinely removed in modified functional hemispherectomy due to the risk of injury to the main arteries and to deep structures. Our study evaluates the safety and usefulness of applying intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) on the insular during the hemispherectomy.METHODS: We included all patients who underwent insular ECoG during a modified functional hemispherectomy from 2012 to 2015. After the surgery, the decision for further resection of the insular cortex was made based on the presence of electrographic seizures on ECoG.RESULTS: The study included 19 patients (age, 6.4 ± 4.7 years, mean ± standard deviation). Electrographic seizures were identified in 5 patients (26.3%). Sixteen of the 19 patients (84.2%) became seizure-free with a follow-up duration of 3.1 ± 0.6 years and no vascular complication occurred.CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative insular ECoG monitoring can be performed safely while providing a tailored approach for insular resection during modified hemispherectomy.
|
['Cerebral Cortex', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Electrocorticography', 'Hemispherectomy', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring', 'Seizures']
| 28,841,860
|
[['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.376.300.294', 'E01.370.405.245.431'], ['E04.525.160.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.520.510.500', 'E01.370.520.596.500', 'E04.510.500'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of analyzed lubricant volumes on the amount and characteristics of generated wear particles from three different types of polyethylene liner materials.
|
The articulating components of artificial joints consist mainly of metals, ceramics, or polymers. Resulting abrasive wear particles can promote osteolysis and aseptic loosening of the endo-prosthetic implants. Ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene is the material used most for bearing couples in total hip replacement. In the present study, three types of polyethylene (PE) liners varying in material composition, i.e., (1) conventional PE (C-PE), (2) sequentially cross-linked PE (SX-PE), (3) cross-linked PE blended with vitamin E (EX-PE) articulating with two types of femoral heads were used. After ultrasound treatment of each simulator lubricant, different concentrations (0.1/0.25/0.5/1.0 mL) were taken and dissolved in hydrochloric acid (37%) in a similar manner. The aim was to analyze the characteristics of wear particles generated in a hip simulator, with respect to different volumes of the lubricant. Within the scope of particle analysis, distinct alterations for particle characteristics were determined in the lubricant volumes and types of PE material used. A significant decrease in particle number for SX-PE liners, compared to the C-PE inserts and even more for EX-PE inserts, was detected at each lubricant volume. Particle morphologies varied depending on PE material. Alterations in particle size and other morphologic parameters between the four tested volumes, could be proven for each PE type. In general, particle sizes and parameters (e.g., length and width) increased with increasing serum volumes. In conclusion, the chosen volume of the simulator lubricant used for particle analysis has a crucial influence on detected particle number, size distribution, and morphologic parameters. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1299-1306, 2018.
|
['Algorithms', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Hip Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Lubricants', 'Particle Size', 'Particulate Matter', 'Polyethylenes', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Ultrasonics']
| 28,636,252
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['E07.695.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.556'], ['G02.712'], ['D20.633'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.550', 'D05.750.716.507', 'D25.720.716.507', 'J01.637.051.720.716.507'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['H01.671.031.849']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Low dose isotretinoin combined with tretinoin is effective to correct abnormalities of acne.
|
BACKGROUND: Isotretinoin is well known in the therapy of acne papulopustulosa and acne conglobata. No study has investigated the pathophysiological changes of the skin of acne patients, especially when low dose oral isotretinoin is given in combination with topical tretinoin.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 28 patients were treated for 6 months with oral isotretinoin. In the acne conglobata group (A-C) patients were treated with 10 mg (Group A) or 20 mg isotretinoin (Groups B, C) in combination with topical 0.05% tretinoin cream. Group C was treated the first 2 weeks with 0.05% betamethasone valerate cream instead of tretinoin cream. In the acne papulopustulosa group, the patients received 0.5 mg isotretinoin/kg bodyweight and 0.05% tretinoin cream, either alone (Group E), or with oral methylprednisolone during induction (Group D).RESULTS: Acne conglobata--A reduction of inflammatory lesion by 87-94% and of non-inflammatory lesions by 81-88% was achieved (Groups A-C). A reduction of sebaceous gland size by 35-58%, sebum production by 90-95%, follicular keratinization by 55-70% and Propionibacteria by 33-73% was seen (Groups B and C better than Group A). In Group A the amount of lipids was only reduced by 6%, in Group B by 35% and in Group C by 40%. Acne papulopustulosa--Sebum excretion rate and follicular keratinization were reduced in Group D by 89% and 50% respectively, with isotretinoin alone by 94% and 53%. The amount of lipids was reduced in Group D by 40% and in Group E by 21%.CONCLUSIONS: Because of the efficacy and cost-benefit relationship of isotretinoin in the treatment of acne compared to other therapeutic approaches, further use low dose isotretinoin in the described settings seems to justified.
|
['Acne Vulgaris', 'Administration, Oral', 'Administration, Topical', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Dermatologic Agents', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Combinations', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isotretinoin', 'Male', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Skin', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tretinoin']
| 16,281,880
|
[['C17.800.030.150', 'C17.800.794.111'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['E02.319.267.120'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.444'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D26.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.325', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.325', 'D02.455.849.131.495.325', 'D23.767.261.700.325'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['A17.815'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Duodenal diverticula and choledocholithiasis in own material].
|
The detectability of duodenal diverticula (DD), a common duodenal pathology, has been growing with the increasing availability of endoscopic examinations, and especially of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP). The study is a retrospective analysis of incidence rates of DD and accompanying diseases of bile ducts, liver and pancreas detected by ERCP. We performed 8642 ERCP examinations between 1974 and 2001, which detected DD in 622 (7.2%) patients. Of these, 409 (65.8%) had choledocholithiasis, and 97 (15.6%) liver, gallbladder, bile ducts or pancreatic cancer. In the remaining 106 (17.0%) patients no pathologies requiring surgical intervention were found by radiological examination of bile ducts and pancreatic duct. In 10 (1.6%) patients with DD, caniulation of Vater papilla was not performed due to its anatomical location. Obtained results confirm relationship between DD and choledocholithiasis. It has not been established whether DD predispose to choledocholithiasis by interfering with bile duct emptying and causing bile lithogenicity, or rather that duodenal diverticula are caused by a concrement moved to duodenum by contractions of the gallbladder or sphincter of Oddi.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ampulla of Vater', 'Biliary Tract Neoplasms', 'Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde', 'Choledocholithiasis', 'Constriction, Pathologic', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Diverticulum', 'Duodenal Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Pancreatitis', 'Poland', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 16,786,758
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A03.159.183.079.300.950', 'A03.556.124.684.124.236', 'A03.556.875.249.160', 'A03.734.667.500'], ['C04.588.274.120', 'C06.130.320', 'C06.301.120'], ['E01.370.350.700.715.200.200', 'E01.370.372.200.200', 'E01.370.372.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.160', 'E04.502.250.250.160'], ['C06.130.120.250.174', 'C06.130.409.267'], ['C23.300.287'], ['E01.171'], ['C06.405.205.282.750', 'C23.300.415'], ['C06.405.469.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['C06.689.750'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Expanded criteria donors, histological scoring, and prolonged cold ischemia: impact on renal graft survival.
|
The use of expanded donors or kidneys with preexistent chronic damage remains controversial, but they offer the opportunity to expand the donor pool. We investigated the impact of these conditions as predictors of graft survival among a cohort of recipients with prolonged cold ischemia times and a high incidence of delayed graft function. We included 70 consecutive cadaveric kidney allografts implanted between 2001 and 2005, which had undergone an early graft biopsy. Delayed graft function was present in 84% of cases with moderate or severe preexistent chronic damage in 63% and 27% of biopsies, respectively, and acute rejection was diagnosed in 14.3% of overall cases. The graft survival was 73.3% at 48 months. Primary nonfunctioning kidneys were more frequent using kidneys from expanded compared with standard donors (20.0% vs 0.0%, P < .002). Multivariate analysis showed that only the donor condition (standard vs expanded) was independently associated with graft survival (hazard ratio: 0.12; 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.87; P < .03). Our results suggested that the donor characteristics prevail over other variables to predict graft outcomes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cold Ischemia', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Ischemia', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Renal Insufficiency', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Specimen Handling', 'Tissue Donors', 'Tissue and Organ Procurement', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,099,786
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E04.936.337', 'E05.760.833.445'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.513'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C12.777.419.780', 'C13.351.968.419.780'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['M01.898'], ['N02.421.911'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Determinants of functional tricuspid regurgitation in incomplete tricuspid valve closure: Doppler color flow study of 109 patients.
|
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the pattern of incomplete tricuspid valve closure and the presence of tricuspid regurgitation and to identify factors that determine the severity of regurgitation associated with this pattern.BACKGROUND: The incomplete tricuspid valve closure pattern (defined as apical displacement of the leaflets) has been described by two-dimensional echocardiography. However, whether this pattern is universally associated with tricuspid regurgitation and the determinants of severity of regurgitation in its presence have not been studied by Doppler color flow mapping.METHODS: We identified 109 consecutive patients (mean age 62 +/- 17 years) with incomplete tricuspid valve closure who were studied by Doppler color flow mapping. We measured the linear apical displacement of the coaptation point from the tricuspid annulus and the area of displacement between the leaflets and annulus. Right atrial, ventricular and annular dimensions were measured and compared with those in a group of normal subjects.RESULTS: Tricuspid regurgitation was present in all patients with the incomplete closure pattern; it was mild in 14%, moderate in 19% and severe in 67%. Apical displacement was significantly greater (p < 0.02) in those with severe regurgitation than in those with mild regurgitation or in normal subjects. Tricuspid annulus dilation was the only independent predictor of severity of regurgitation. The right ventricle was not significantly dilated in 32% of patients, and right ventricular systolic pressure was not correlated with the severity of regurgitation and was < 30 mm Hg in 11% of patients.CONCLUSIONS: Tricuspid regurgitation was associated with incomplete tricuspid valve closure in all patients studied and was moderate to severe in 86%. Impaired coaptation is best reflected by the displacement area between the leaflets and the annulus. High pulmonary pressure and significant right ventricular dilation are not prerequisites for functional tricuspid regurgitation. Annular dilation is the most consistent and important determinant of this lesion.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Heart Diseases', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Tricuspid Valve', 'Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency']
| 8,034,882
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['A07.541'], ['C14.280'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['A07.541.510.893'], ['C14.280.484.856']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Use of leaves to inspect ectoparasites in wild chimpanzees: a third cultural variant?
|
We report 26 cases of using leaves as tools with which wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Sonso community, Budongo Forest, Uganda, appeared to inspect objects removed during grooming. Careful removal of potential ectoparasites and delicate lip or manual placement on leaves followed by intense visual examination characterised this behaviour. It appears to be done to judge whether either ingestion or discarding is most appropriate, the former occurring in most cases. This behaviour may represent a third variant of ectoparasite handling, different from those described at Tai and Gombe, yet sharing features with the latter. These two East African techniques may thus have evolved from leaf grooming.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Ape Diseases', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Ectoparasitic Infestations', 'Eukaryota', 'Female', 'Grooming', 'Male', 'Pan troglodytes', 'Plant Leaves', 'Uganda']
| 15,179,558
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['C22.735.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['C01.610.858.211'], ['B01'], ['F01.145.113.111.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.620'], ['A18.024.812'], ['Z01.058.290.120.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Exploring the differences between the three pyruvate kinase isozymes from Vibrio cholerae in a heterologous expression system.
|
OBJECTIVE: The genome of Vibrio cholerae has three paralog genes encoding for distinct pyruvate kinases. We were interested in elucidating whether they were expressed, and contributed to the pyruvate kinase activity of V. cholerae. VcIPK and VcIIPK were transformed and expressed in BL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RIL strain, whereas VcIIIPK could not be transformed. Those studied did contribute to the pyruvate kinase activity of the bacteria. Therefore, our aim was to find an efficient transformation and commonly used over-expression heterologous system for VcIIIPK and develop its purification protocol.RESULTS: vcIpk, vcIIpk and vcIIIpk genes were transformed in six different BL21 expression strains. No transformants were obtained for the vcIIIpk gene using BL21(DE3), BL21(DE3)pLysS and BL21(DE3)CodonPlus-RIL strains. Reduced rates of cell growth were observed for BL21-Gold(DE3)pLysS and Origami B(DE3)pLysS. High efficiency of transformation was obtained for BL21-AI. Using this strain, VcIIIPK was purified but proved to be unstable during its purification and storage. Therefore, the transformation of vcIIIpk gene resulted in a toxic, mildly toxic or nontoxic product for these BL21 strains. Despite VcIIPK and VcIIIPK being phylogenetically related, the preservation of the proteins is drastically different; whereas one is preserved during purification and storage, the other is auto-proteolyzed completely in less than a week.
|
['Gene Expression', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Isoenzymes', 'Pyruvate Kinase', 'Vibrio cholerae']
| 30,064,476
|
[['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.695'], ['B03.440.450.900.859.225', 'B03.660.250.830.830.100']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Accuracy of ultrasonography and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein test for pregnancy diagnosis in buffaloes.
|
The aims of the present study were to evaluate and compare the accuracy of transrectal ultrasonography and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein radioimmunoassay (PAG-RIA) test for diagnosis of pregnancy in buffaloes. Two hundred and seventy-five buffalo cows and heifers were examined once for pregnancy diagnosis by transrectal ultrasonography using a 5 MHz linear-array transducer between Days 19 and 55 after mating. After ultrasound scanning, a blood sample was withdrawn from jugular vein of each animal for measuring pregnancy-associated glycoprotein using a heterologous double-antibody RIA. Based on palpation of the uterus per rectum at Days 75-90, 87 animals were designated pregnant and 188 as non-pregnant. The sensitivity of transrectal ultrasonography at Days 19-24 was 44.4%, reaching 100% from Day 31 after mating. The specificity of transrectal ultrasonography ranged between 92.5 and 100% from Days 19 to 55 after mating. The sensitivity of PAG-RIA test was 11.1% at Days 19-24 and reached 100% from Day 31 after mating. The specificity of PAG-RIA test ranged from 90 to 100% from Days 19 to 55 after mating. There were no significant differences between the sensitivity and specificity of the two tests in all examined periods. In conclusion, transrectal ultrasonography and PAG-RIA test are highly accurate tests for detecting pregnant buffaloes from Day 31 after mating onwards.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases', 'Buffaloes', 'Female', 'Male', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Proteins', 'Pregnancy Tests', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Time Factors', 'Ultrasonography', 'Uterus']
| 17,884,156
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.135'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D12.776.780'], ['E01.370.225.970', 'E01.370.378.620', 'E05.200.970'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Social support and maladaptive coping as predictors of the change in physical health symptoms among persons living with HIV/AIDS.
|
This study examined social support and maladaptive coping as predictors of HIV-related health symptoms. Sixty-five men and women living with HIV/AIDS completed baseline measures assessing coping strategies, social support, and HIV-related health symptoms. The sample was primarily low-income and diverse with respect to gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. Three, 6, and 12 months after completing baseline assessments, physical health symptoms associated with HIV disease were assessed. After controlling for demographic characteristics, CD4 T-cell count, and baseline HIV-related health symptoms, individuals reporting lower increase in HIV-related health symptoms used less venting (expressing emotional distress) as a strategy for coping with HIV. However, when satisfaction with social support was added to the model, the use of this coping strategy was no longer significant, and individuals reporting more satisfying social support were more likely to report lower increase in their HIV-related health symptoms, suggesting that social support is a robust predictor of health outcomes over time independent of coping style and baseline medical status. These findings provide further evidence that social support can buffer deleterious health outcomes among individuals with a chronic illness. Future research needs to examine mediating pathways that can explain this relationship.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Psychotherapy, Group', 'Social Support', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 16,164,385
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.319.310.075'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['F04.754.864.581'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Column centrifugation generates an intersubunit disulfide bridge in Escherichia coli F1-ATPase.
|
Passage of F1-ATPase through a centrifuge column [Penefsky, H. S. (1979) Methods Enzymol. 56, 527-530] caused formation of a product with a relative molecular mass of 72,000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The product was identified as cross-linked alpha and delta subunits by using Western blots and subunit-specific monoclonal antibodies. The cross-link was reversed by 50 mM dithiothreitol implying that it was a disulfide bridge. Formation of the cross-link was inhibited by 2 mM EDTA and was stimulated in some buffers by the addition of 10 microM CuCl2. Time course experiments indicated that the majority of the cross-link formed while the enzyme was passing through the column. Thus the cross-link induced by column centrifugation arose from the rapid, heavy-metal-ion-catalysed oxidation of two sulfhydryl groups, one on the alpha subunit and one on the delta subunit, to a disulfide. These results demonstrate that care must be exercised when running proteins through centrifuge columns as potentially deleterious disulfide formation can result. An anti-beta monoclonal antibody was capable of immunoprecipitating the entire enzyme including the cross-linked subunits, implying that the cross-linked alpha and delta subunits were still a part of F1. The formation of the cross-link affected neither the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme nor its susceptibility to inhibition by epsilon subunit. The cross-linked enzyme was unable to bind to F1-depleted membranes in experiments in which soluble F1 and membranes were separated by centrifugation. Column centrifugation did not generate the cross-link on membrane-bound enzyme. These results indicate that the alpha-delta cross-link results in a loss of binding affinity between F1 and F0.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Bridged-Ring Compounds', 'Centrifugation', 'Disulfides', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Escherichia coli', 'Proton-Translocating ATPases']
| 2,877,881
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D02.455.426.100', 'D04.075'], ['E05.181'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of HSPA8, an evolutionarily conserved oviductal protein, on boar and bull spermatozoa.
|
Previous studies have shown that a soluble protein fraction derived from preparations of apical plasma membrane (APM) of the oviductal epithelium enhances the in vitro survival of mammalian spermatozoa. Here, we show that the survival enhancing property of the soluble protein fraction seems to depend significantly upon heat shock 70 kDa protein 8 (HSPA8 previously known as HSPA10). The following findings in the present study enabled us to draw this conclusion: first, using proteomic analysis, we identified a subset of 70 kDa oviductal surface proteins that bound to spermatozoa, one of which was HSPA8. Second, pre-treatment of the soluble protein fraction with anti-HSPA8 antibody reduced the 24 h (at 39 degrees C) sperm survival enhancement effect normally induced by the presence of 200 microg/ml soluble APM proteins. Third, complementary experiments showed that substituting the soluble protein fraction with bovine recombinant HSPA8 (0.5-2 microg/ml) also elicited the sperm survival effect. Finally, we also tested the effect of bovine recombinant HSPA8 on bull spermatozoa and found similar, dose-responsive, sperm survival promoting effects. The conserved nature of HSPA8 between mammalian species suggests that this protein may represent a common biological mechanism for the maintenance of sperm survival in the oviduct.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cattle', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epithelium', 'Fallopian Tubes', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Spermatozoa', 'Swine']
| 18,996,976
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.284.149'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A10.272'], ['A05.360.319.114.373', 'A13.706.500'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['D12.776.580.216.375.200'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['D12.776.828'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular mapping of the gene(s) conferring resistance to Soybean mosaic virus and Bean common mosaic virus in the soybean cultivar Raiden.
|
KEY MESSAGE: In the soybean cultivar Raiden, both a SMV-resistance gene and a BCMV-resistance gene were fine-mapped to a common region within the Rsv1 complex locus on chromosome 13, in which two CC-NBS-LRR resistance genes (Glyma.13g184800 and Glyma.13g184900) exhibited significant divergence between resistant and susceptible cultivars and were subjected to positive selection. Both Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) can induce soybean mosaic diseases. To date, few studies have explored soybean resistance against these two viruses simultaneously. In this work, Raiden, a cultivar resistant to both SMV and BCMV, was crossed with a susceptible cultivar, Williams 82, to fine-map the resistance genes. After inoculating ~ 200 F2 individuals with either SMV (SC6-N) or BCMV (HZZB011), a segregation ratio of 3 resistant:1 susceptible was observed, indicating that for either virus, a single dominant gene confers resistance. Bulk segregation analysis (BSA) revealed that the BCMV-resistance gene is also linked to the SMV-resistance Rsv1 complex locus. Genotyping the F2 individuals with 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers across the Rsv1 complex locus then preliminarily mapped the SMV-resistance gene, Rsv1-r, between SSR markers BARCSOYSSR_13_1075 and BARCSOYSSR_13_1161 and the BCMV-resistance gene between BARCSOYSSR_13_1084 and BARCSOYSSR_13_1115. Furthermore, a population of 1009 F2 individuals was screened with markers BARCSOYSSR_13_1075 and BARCSOYSSR_13_1161, and 32 recombinant F2 individuals were identified. By determining the genotypes of these F2 individuals on multiple internal SSR and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and assaying the phenotypes of selected recombinant F2:3 lines, both the SMV- and BCMV-resistance genes were fine-mapped to a common region ( ~ 154.5 kb) between two SNP markers: SNP-38 and SNP-50. Within the mapped region, two CC-NBS-LRR genes exhibited significant divergence between Raiden and Williams 82, and their evolution has been affected by positive selection.
|
['Chromosome Mapping', 'Disease Resistance', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genotype', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Plant Diseases', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Potyvirus', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Soybeans']
| 31,432,199
|
[['E05.393.183'], ['C23.550.291.671', 'G12.450.564.250', 'G12.450.800.250', 'G15.630.250'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.380'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['G15.610'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['B04.715.464.600', 'B04.715.635.600', 'B04.820.578.782.600'], ['G05.783'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The evolutionary origination of a novel expression pattern through an extreme heterochronic shift.
|
The evolutionary origins of morphological structures are thought to often depend upon the redeployment of old genes into new developmental settings. Although many examples of cis-regulatory divergence have shown how pre-existing patterns of gene expression have been altered, only a small number of case studies have traced the origins of cis-regulatory elements that drive new expression domains. Here, we elucidate the evolutionary history of a novel expression pattern of the yellow gene within the Zaprionus genus of fruit flies. We observed a unique pattern of yellow transcript accumulation in the wing disc during the third larval instar, a stage that precedes its typical expression pattern associated with cuticular melanization by about a week. The region of the Zaprionus wing disc that expresses yellow subsequently develops into a portion of the thorax, a tissue for which yellow expression has been reported for several fruit fly species. Tests of GFP reporter transgenes containing the Zaprionus yellow regulatory region revealed that the wing disc pattern arose by changes in the cis-regulatory region of yellow. Moreover, the wing disc enhancer activity of yellow depends upon a short conserved sequence with ancestral thoracic functions, suggesting that the pupal thorax regulatory sequence was genetically reprogrammed to drive expression that commences much earlier during development. These results highlight how novel domains of gene expression may arise by extreme shifts in timing during the origins of novel traits.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Drosophilidae', 'Enhancer Elements, Genetic', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Mutation', 'Pupa', 'Thorax', 'Wings, Animal']
| 28,116,844
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330', 'G05.360.080.689.330', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B05.500.700', 'G07.345.500.550.500.700'], ['A01.923.761'], ['A13.395.823']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The changing concentration of the older nonmetropolitan population, 1960-90.
|
Changes in the absolute and relative size of the elderly population since 1960 are decomposed into the underlying demographic components for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas and for subregions of the United States. Specifically, we examine the components of net migration and natural increase for those aged 0-64 and those 65 or older. Generally, the natural increase component for those 65 and over has increased since 1960, whereas that for those under 65 has declined. Metropolitan areas have consistently lost, and nonmetropolitan areas gained elderly migrants. Trends in elderly population change are far from uniform across nonmetropolitan America. In general, the "aging" of the nonmetropolitan population was predominantly due to elderly migration during the 1970-80 decade, and to the loss of young people both before and afterward. Recent trends give little support for the view that the 1970s was the beginning of a new phase of deconcentrated settlement, even for elderly persons.
|
['Aged', 'Humans', 'Population Dynamics', 'Rural Population', 'Suburban Population', 'United States']
| 8,228,002
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['N01.600.725'], ['N01.600.775'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Functional anatomy of occipital lobe seizures: an experimental study in rats.
|
Small amounts of penicillin were used to create a seizure focus in the primary visual cortex (area 17), extrastriate cortex (area 18 and 18a), and neighboring somatosensory and temporal areas in rats. Autoradiography with 14C-deoxyglucose was used to map the focus and the local cortical and long subcortical circuits. Mild seizures from area 17 were associated with focal spiking without behavioral manifestations. There was restricted utilization of local U-fiber circuits and ipsilateral subcortical visual system nuclei. Stronger seizures filled up the visual cortex and projected into adjacent neocortex and limbic cortex, the contralateral 17-18a border, and additional subcortical nuclei. Seizures originating in the posterior visual cortex were associated with prolonged afterdischarges and stereotyped behavioral manifestations, with spread into the posterior cingulum, the subicular complex, and the bilateral hippocampus. After analyzing the electrographic discharges, behavior, and seizure pathways in each animal, we conclude that ictal symptoms associated with seizures would not be the expression of the function of a cortical focus, but rather of the dysfunction of excessive discharges through many local and long circuits.
|
['Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Electroencephalography', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Geniculate Bodies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neural Pathways', 'Occipital Lobe', 'Penicillin G', 'Rats', 'Seizures', 'Stereotyped Behavior', 'Visual Cortex']
| 571,569
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Erythropoietic bone marrow in the pigeon: development of its distribution and volume during growth and pneumatization of bones.
|
During postnatal development of the pigeon, a large portion of the skeleton becomes pneumatized, displacing the hemopoietic bone marrow. The consequences of pneumatization on distribution and quantity of bone marrow as well as the availability of other sites for hemopoiesis have been investigated. Hemopoietic marrow of differently aged pigeons divided into five groups from 1 week posthatching (p.h.) up to 6 months p.h. was labeled with Fe-59 and examined by serial whole-body sections. Autoradiography and morphometry as well as scintillation counts of single bones and organs were also carried out. No sign of a reactivation of embryonic sites of erythropoiesis was found. Bone marrow weight and its proportion of whole-body weight increased during the first 4 weeks p.h. from 0.54% to 2.44% and decreased in the following months to about 1.0%. The developing bone marrow showed a progressive distribution during the first months of life, eventually being distributed proportionally over the entire skeleton, except for the skull. At the age of 6 months p.h. bone marrow had been displaced, its volume decreasing in correlation to increasing pneumaticity and conversion to fatty marrow. This generates the characteristic pattern of bone marrow distribution in adult pigeons, which shows hemopoietic bone marrow in ulna, radius, femur, tibiotarsus, scapula, furcula, and the caudal vertebrae.
|
['Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Bone Development', 'Bone Marrow', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Bone and Bones', 'Columbidae', 'Erythroid Precursor Cells', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Scintillation Counting']
| 2,304,081
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500', 'G11.427.578.050.500'], ['A15.382.216'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.165.150'], ['A11.148.378.590.837.250', 'A11.443.240.497', 'A11.872.378.590.817.250', 'A15.378.316.378.590.837.250'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['E05.799.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Correlated variation and population differentiation in satellite DNA abundance among lines of Drosophila melanogaster.
|
Tandemly repeating satellite DNA elements in heterochromatin occupy a substantial portion of many eukaryotic genomes. Although often characterized as genomic parasites deleterious to the host, they also can be crucial for essential processes such as chromosome segregation. Adding to their interest, satellite DNA elements evolve at high rates; among Drosophila, closely related species often differ drastically in both the types and abundances of satellite repeats. However, due to technical challenges, the evolutionary mechanisms driving this rapid turnover remain unclear. Here we characterize natural variation in simple-sequence repeats of 2-10 bp from inbred Drosophila melanogaster lines derived from multiple populations, using a method we developed called k-Seek that analyzes unassembled Illumina sequence reads. In addition to quantifying all previously described satellite repeats, we identified many novel repeats of low to medium abundance. Many of the repeats show population differentiation, including two that are present in only some populations. Interestingly, the population structure inferred from overall satellite quantities does not recapitulate the expected population relationships based on the demographic history of D. melanogaster. We also find that some satellites of similar sequence composition are correlated across lines, revealing concerted evolution. Moreover, correlated satellites tend to be interspersed with each other, further suggesting that concerted change is partially driven by higher order structure. Surprisingly, we identified negative correlations among some satellites, suggesting antagonistic interactions. Our study demonstrates that current genome assemblies vastly underestimate the complexity, abundance, and variation of highly repetitive satellite DNA and presents approaches to understand their rapid evolutionary divergence.
|
['Animals', 'DNA, Satellite', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genome, Insect', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 25,512,552
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308.480', 'G02.111.570.080.708.800.150', 'G05.360.080.708.800.150', 'G05.360.340.024.220.150', 'G05.360.340.024.850.150'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.360.340.357'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The health status of mild to moderate intellectually handicapped adolescents.
|
To assist in the planning of school health services for the intellectually handicapped, a comprehensive evaluation of physical and emotional health, and social competence was completed on a group of students attending a school for educably retarded adolescents (IQ ranging form 60 to 85). This evaluation included a review of the school health records, a medical history, physical examination, and a parent-completed questionnaire assessing their child's behaviour and social competence. Abnormal physical findings included short stature (24%), impaired vision (49%) and impaired hearing (20%). In six of eight female and seven of nine male subscales of deviant behaviour, 20% or more of the students scored abnormally high (above the ninety-eighth percentile). An extreme degree of social isolation was found in 35% of the sample. Only 31% had a primary care physician, while 63% utilized episodic emergency room care. Handicapped adolescents participating in this study demonstrated a high prevalence of physical, emotional and socialization problems compounded by inadequate primary care supervision.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child Behavior Disorders', 'Child Health Services', 'Dental Care', 'Female', 'Health', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Male', 'Social Adjustment']
| 3,735,409
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.141'], ['N02.421.143.130'], ['E06.170', 'N02.421.240.190'], ['N01.400'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['F01.145.813.621']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Neurovascular coupling in the human somatosensory cortex: a single trial study.
|
Oscillations in the higher frequency range are closely related to regional brain hemodynamic changes. Here we investigated this neurovascular coupling in humans in response to electrical stimulation of the right median nerve. In a single-trial study, we simultaneously recorded hemodynamic fluctuations in the somatosensory cortex by near infrared spectroscopy and brain neuronal oscillations by whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG). The results from six volunteers showed that neural fluctuations at â or ã-band power were correlated with hemodynamic fluctuation during stimulus conditions. These correlations were prominent with a time delay of 5-7 s. This study provides new direct evidence that hemodynamic onset lags specific neural oscillations in the order of seconds in human awake conditions using noninvasive methods.
|
['Adult', 'Beta Rhythm', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Magnetoencephalography', 'Male', 'Median Nerve', 'Neural Pathways', 'Oxyhemoglobins', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared']
| 21,475,088
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.376.300.150.750', 'E01.370.405.245.287.750', 'G07.265.087.750', 'G11.561.127.750'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.376.500', 'E01.370.405.440', 'E05.540.500'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.500'], ['A08.612'], ['D12.776.124.400.707', 'D12.776.422.316.762.687'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Liver hepatocyte mitotic activity after a single injection of phenobarbital in immature male rats.
|
In contrast to multiple injections of phenobarbital, a single injection of 50 mg/kg body wt of phenobarbital into immature male rats results, after a transient increase in hepatocyte mitotic activity, in a marked decrease in hepatocyte mitotic activity to below control levels by day 3, followed by a return to control levels by day 5. This unusual pattern of hepatocyte mitotic activity can be called fourth again by a second injection of 50 mg phenobarbital/kg body wt. However, a single injection of 50 mg/kg body wt of phenobarbital into immature male rats results in a pattern of change of liver wet weight, protein, and aminopyrine demethylase activity which is similar to that observed after multiple injections of phenobarbital, except that the changes are smaller in magnitude. Liver wet weight, protein, and aminopyrine demethylase activity increase and reach a peak within two days after phenobarbital injection, and then they return to control levels by five days. The same pattern of change in liver wet weight, protein, and aminopyrine demethylase activity can be elicited again by a second injection of 50 mg phenobarbital/kg body wt.
|
['Animals', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mitosis', 'Phenobarbital', 'Rats']
| 970,661
|
[['B01.050'], ['A03.620'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['D03.383.742.698.253.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Microglia in the giant cell encephalitis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome: proliferation, infection and fusion.
|
The autopsied brains of three homosexual men with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), progressive encephalopathy and widespread multinucleated giant cell encephalitis were investigated by lectin and immunohistochemical methods to ascertain the cellular distribution of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) core protein, p25. Abundant viral antigen was present in all brains, limited to perivascular macrophages, microglial and multinucleated cells, some bearing elongated cytoplasmic processes. The multinucleated cells were consistently labelled by the lectin Ricinus communis agglutinin-1, a marker for microglia, which demonstrated process-bearing variants of these cells. The prominent staining of microglia for viral antigen and the morphological suggestion that they fuse with other microglia and/or macrophages to form the multinucleated cells characteristic of HIV encephalitis indicate that microglia are probably direct targets of HIV infection and serve to propagate and amplify this retroviral encephalitis.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Encephalitis', 'HIV', 'HIV Antigens', 'Homosexuality', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuroglia', 'Ricin', 'Viral Core Proteins']
| 3,176,903
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.430'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['D23.050.327.520'], ['F01.145.802.975.500', 'G08.686.867.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['D08.811.277.450.430.700.750.666', 'D12.776.034.756', 'D12.776.503.499.937', 'D12.776.765.678.906.750'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Efficient splicing correction by PNA conjugation to an R6-Penetratin delivery peptide.
|
Sequence-specific interference with the nuclear pre-mRNA splicing machinery has received increased attention as an analytical tool and for development of therapeutics. It requires sequence-specific and high affinity binding of RNaseH-incompetent DNA mimics to pre-mRNA. Peptide nucleic acids (PNA) or phosphoramidate morpholino oligonucleotides (PMO) are particularly suited as steric block oligonucleotides in this respect. However, splicing correction by PNA or PMO conjugated to cell penetrating peptides (CPP), such as Tat or Penetratin, has required high concentrations (5-10 microM) of such conjugates, unless an endosomolytic agent was added to increase escape from endocytic vesicles. We have focused on the modification of existing CPPs to search for peptides able to deliver more efficiently splice correcting PNA or PMO to the nucleus in the absence of endosomolytic agents. We describe here R6-Penetratin (in which arginine-residues were added to the N-terminus of Penetratin) as the most active of all CPPs tested so far in a splicing correction assay in which masking of a cryptic splice site allows expression of a luciferase reporter gene. Efficient and sequence-specific correction occurs at 1 muM concentration of the R6Pen-PNA705 conjugate as monitored by luciferase luminescence and by RT-PCR. Some aspects of the R6Pen-PNA705 structure-function relationship have also been evaluated.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Arginine', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chloroquine', 'Genes, Reporter', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Peptide Nucleic Acids', 'RNA Splicing']
| 17,584,792
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D03.633.100.810.050.180'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.695.578.424.550'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Improved Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) for Neural Stimulation.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study compares the stability of three variations of the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) or PEDOT for neural micro-stimulation under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. We examined PEDOT films deposited with counter-ions tetrafluoroborate (TFB) and poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS), andPEDOT: PSS combined with carbon nanotubes (CNTs).METHODS: For the in vitro stability evaluation, implantable micro-wires were coated with the polymers, placed in a vial containing phosphate buffered saline (PBS) under accelerated aging conditions (60°C), and current pulses were applied. The resulting voltage profile was monitored over time. Following the same polymer deposition protocol, chronic neural micro-probes were modified and implanted in the motor cortex of two rats for the in vivo stability comparison. Similar stimulating current pulses were applied and the output voltage was examined. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) data were also recorded and fit to an equivalent circuit model that incorporates and quantifies the time-dependent polymer degradation and impedance associated with tissue surrounding each micro-electrode site.RESULTS: Both in vitro and in vivo voltage output profiles show relatively stable behavior for thePEDOT: TFB modified micro-electrodes compared to thePEDOT: PSS and CNT:PEDOT: PSS modified ones. EIS modeling demonstrates that the time-dependent increase in the polymeric resistance is roughly similar to the rise in the respective voltage output in vivo and indicates that the polymeric stability and conductivity, rather than the impedance due to the tissue response, is the primary factor determining the output voltage profile. It was also noted that the number of electrodes showing unit activity post-surgery did not decay forPEDOT: TFB as was the case forPEDOT: PSS and CNT:PEDOT: PSS.PEDOT: TFB may be an enabling material for achieving long lasting micro-stimulation and recording.
|
['Animals', 'Borates', 'Boric Acids', 'Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic', 'Drug Combinations', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Female', 'Nanotubes, Carbon', 'Neurons', 'Polymers', 'Polystyrenes', 'Rats', 'Rats, Long-Evans', 'Time Factors']
| 25,809,211
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.132.250.075', 'D01.248.497.158.076', 'D02.203.130.075'], ['D01.029.260.093', 'D01.132.250', 'D02.203.130'], ['D03.605.084'], ['D26.310'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['D01.268.150.250.500', 'J01.637.512.850.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800.830', 'D05.750.716.579', 'D25.720.716.579', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Procyanidin from peanut skin induces antiproliferative effect in human prostate carcinoma cells DU145.
|
In this study, the antiproliferative activity of peanut skin procyanidins (PSP) and six fractions (PSP-1?6) isolated from PSP by several chromatographic steps on the human prostate cancer DU145 cells were evaluated. The results showed that PSP and PSP-1?6 significantly inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells. PSP-2 was the most effective fraction, which was identified as procyanidin B3 mainly and procyanidin dimer [(E)C-luteolin or keampferol] secondarily. Moreover, the mechanism of antiproliferative activity of PSP-2 was investigated. It was observed that PSP-2 induced apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest at S phase in DU145 cells. PSP-2 caused the increase of intracellular ROS level and the decrease of Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and triggered the activation of p53 and caspases-3 in DU145 cells. Our findings demonstrated that procyanidins from peanut skin have the potential to be developed as an anti-prostate cancer agent.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Arachis', 'Biflavonoids', 'Caspase 3', 'Catechin', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Proanthocyanidins', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 29,654,773
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.077'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.190', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.190'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['D03.383.663.283.240.190', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.206', 'D03.633.100.150.240.190', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.206'], ['G04.144.109'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.700', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.700', 'D05.750.078.937.429'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Delayed surgery for patients with femur and hip fractures-risk of deep venous thrombosis.
|
BACKGROUND: This prospective study explores the incidence of preoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in a group of patients with hip and femur fracture who for various reasons experienced a delay of >24 hours from the time of injury until time of surgery. We also evaluated the results of preoperative treatment with inferior vena cava (IVC) filter.METHODS: There were 101 consecutive patients with a mean age of 75.8 years. The mean time to surgery from injury was 3.5 days. All patients were evaluated for signs and symptoms of DVT and underwent Doppler ultrasound before surgery. All patients received preoperative prophylactic anticoagulation. Those patients with DVT underwent IVC filter insertion before surgical intervention.RESULTS: No patient exhibited signs or symptoms of DVT; however, preoperative ultrasound detected DVT in 10 patients. Despite negative ultrasound, two additional patients developed pulmonary embolus preoperatively for an overall incidence of thromboembolic disease of 11.9%. The average delay in surgery was 5.7 days for patients with DVT versus 3.2 days for those without (p = 0.021). The incidence increased each day from 14.5% if surgery was delayed >1 day to 33.3% if surgery was delayed >7 days. Relative risk increased from 2.32 to 3.71 over the same period. There were no postoperative thromboembolic complications or complications related to IVC filter placement in these patients.DISCUSSION: In this prospective study, we observed that patients experiencing a delay in surgical care for an acute hip or femur fracture are at a relatively high risk for development of thromboembolic disease despite prophylactic anticoagulation. There was a direct correlation between the period of delay and the incidence of thromboembolism. Clinical examination in this setting is unreliable as none of these patients had signs or symptoms suggestive of DVT. We suggest that all patients with delayed (>24 hours) surgical intervention undergo preoperative Doppler ultrasound to rule out DVT. Appropriate measures such as placement of an IVC filter and aggressive postoperative anticoagulation should then be implemented for those with DVT and/or pulmonary embolus.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anticoagulants', 'Female', 'Femoral Fractures', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Ultrasonography', 'Vena Cava Filters', 'Venous Thrombosis']
| 21,817,966
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['C26.404.061', 'C26.558.276'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['E07.695.207.500'], ['C14.907.355.830.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Safe teleradiology: information assurance as project planning methodology.
|
The Georgetown University Medical Center Department of Radiology used a tailored version of OCTAVE, a self-directed information security risk assessment method, to design a teleradiology system that complied with the regulation implementing the security provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. The system addressed threats to and vulnerabilities in the privacy and security of protected health information. By using OCTAVE, Georgetown identified the teleradiology program's critical assets, described threats to the assurance of those assets, developed and ran vulnerability scans of a system pilot, evaluated the consequences of security breaches, and developed a risk management plan to mitigate threats to program assets, thereby implementing good information assurance practices. This case study illustrates the basic point that prospective, comprehensive planning to protect the privacy and security of an information system strategically benefits program management as well as system security.
|
['Academic Medical Centers', 'Computer Security', 'Confidentiality', 'District of Columbia', 'Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act', 'Humans', 'Organizational Case Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Management', 'Teleradiology', 'United States']
| 15,492,036
|
[['N02.278.020'], ['L01.224.134', 'N04.452.910.200'], ['F04.096.544.335.240', 'I01.880.604.473.650.500', 'I01.880.604.583.080', 'N03.706.437.650.124', 'N03.706.535.230'], ['Z01.107.567.875.500.210', 'Z01.433.429'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.349', 'N03.706.615.273'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.349.380.710', 'N05.715.360.455'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['N03.219.463.800', 'N04.452.871'], ['E05.920.700', 'H02.010.850.700', 'H02.403.840.700', 'L01.178.847.652.700', 'N04.452.515.825.500', 'N04.590.374.800.700'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Effect of short-term antiorthostatic hypokinesia on the central and intracardiac hemodynamics and metabolism in a healthy human being].
|
The right parts of the heart and the radial artery were catheterized in healthy male volunteers before and 5 days after strict bed rest in antiorthostatic position of the body (-4.5 degrees) After immobilization most values of central circulation showed no essential changes; the only exception were indices characterizing the inotropic myocardial condition. A shift in the direction of acidosis of a mixed character was noted in mixed venous blood, the beta-lipoprotein content increased. A decrease in the arteriovenous difference in oxygen was encountered in blood draining from the heart (from the coronary sinus).
|
['Acid-Base Equilibrium', 'Adult', 'Bed Rest', 'Blood Chemical Analysis', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Health', 'Heart', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Oxygen', 'Partial Pressure', 'Posture', 'Time Factors']
| 732,085
|
[['G02.111.007', 'G02.300.176', 'G03.030', 'G07.410.110', 'G09.188.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.075'], ['E01.370.225.124.100', 'E05.200.124.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['N01.400'], ['A07.541'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G01.374.715.714'], ['G11.427.695'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Age estimation from the permanent molar in northeast China by the method of average stage of attrition.
|
A new method of age estimation using permanent molars, the method of average stage of attrition (ASA), is described. A total of 633 molars, including the first molar (M1) and the second molar (M2) on both jaws, was collected from 57 cadavers and 54 modern dry skulls in northeast China. The attrition condition of the molar crown was analyzed, and a new graduation standard was established. Six linear equations for age estimation were obtained by means of regression analysis. The ASA method gave an estimated age at death from only one molar, either M1 or M2, on either maxilla or mandible. The maximum error of these equations was 4.53 years. The results show that the ASA method can or does reflect the attrition condition of the whole occlusal surface more objectively than some methods using dental wear because the wear degree is estimated by averaging the wear stages of all the cusps rather than of only one or partial cusps.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Determination by Teeth', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'China', 'Dentin', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molar', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 8,586,343
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.700.720.050', 'E01.370.600.024.650.500', 'E05.041.650.500', 'E06.342.764.142', 'E06.623.500'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['A14.549.167.900.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Antidiabetic therapy before and 1 year after discharge for patients manifesting in-hospital hyperglycemia.
|
BACKGROUND: While studies have evaluated the impact of hyperglycemia during hospitalization, little is known about its management before and after admission.METHODS: We sampled a managed care outpatient database (8547 patients) with linkage to inpatient data from June 1, 2003 to June 30, 2006, evaluating hyperglycemia management preadmission (PA), during index admission (IA), and postdischarge (PD). Antihyperglycemic medications used during PA, IA, and PD for up to 15 months were available for 2898 patients from this cohort. Diabetes mellitus (DM) status was determined from ICD-9 codes.RESULTS: Patients at IA had an average age of 60 +/- 18 years. Forty-one percent were men and 59% were women. Nearly 60% of patients either had DM or manifested hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 130 mg/dL): 19.5% (1627) had preexisting DM (DM+); 9.6% (801) were newly diagnosed with DM at IA; 28.6% (2391) did not have DM (DM-) but manifested hyperglycemia during hospitalization; and 36.9% (3083) remained normoglycemic. The DM status of 459 patients (5.4%) was unascertainable. For the previously diagnosed DM+ patients, antidiabetic therapy intensified more than 2-fold during IA, primarily with insulin. Postdischarge hyperglycemia management medication doubled, with increases seen in both oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) and insulin. Newly diagnosed DM+ patients were also treated primarily with insulin during hospitalization and reverted to OHAs PD. A minority of DM- patients received antidiabetic therapy during IA, primarily with insulin, but 4% were diagnosed DM+ in the 15-month period PD and treated primarily with OHAs. Among those normoglycemic in the hospital, 1% were diagnosed with DM and treated with OHAs PD.CONCLUSION: Hyperglycemia management was intensified for all DM+ patients, primarily with insulin in the hospital and both insulin and OHAs PD. A better understanding of this natural history and antidiabetic transitional care could facilitate better discharge planning and thus improve diabetes care.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Incidence', 'Indiana', 'Inpatients', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 19,491,541
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.360', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.360'], ['M01.643.470'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Meta-analysis on radiofrequency ablation in combination with transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and TACE alone for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Datebases were searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective cohort studies from the establishment of the databases to January 2014. The bibliographies of the included studies were searched, too. After study selection, assessment, data collection and analysis were undertaken, we performed this meta-analysis by using the RevMan5.2 software. Seventeen studies involving 1116 patients met the inclusion criteria with 530 treated with RFA-plus-TACE and 586 with TACE alone. The results of meta-analysis showed that the combination of TACE and RFA was obviously associated with higher 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates (OR1-year=3.98, 95% CI 2.87-5.51, P<0.00001; OR2-year=3.03, 95% CI 2.10-4.38, P<0.00001; OR3-year=7.02, 95% CI 4.14-11.92, P<0.00001) than TACE alone. The tumor complete necrosis rate in patients treated with TACE and RFA was higher than that of TACE alone (OR=13.86, 95% CI 8.04-23.89, P<0.00001). And there was a significant difference in local recurrence rate between two different kinds of treatment (OR=0.24, 95%CI 0.14-0.44, P<0.00001). Additionally, combination of TACE and RFA was associated with higher complete tumor necrosis rates than TACE mono-therapy in the treatment of HCC. However, RFA plus TACE was found to be associated with a lower local recurrence rate than TACE monotherapy. TACE-plus-RFA treatment was associated with a higher response rate (RR) than the TACE-alone treatment (OR=3.90, 95% CI=2.37-6.42, P<0.00001). TACE-plus-RFA treatment did not differ from the TACE-alone treatment in terms of stable disease (SD) rate (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.11-1.26, P=0.11). Meta-analyses showed that the combination of RFA and TACE was associated with a significantly lower progressive disease (PD) rate (OR=0.15, 95% CI=0.05-0.43, P=0.0005). The rate of AFP reducing or returning to normal in serum in RFA plus TACE group was obviously lower than TACE alone group (OR=4.62, 95% CI 2.56-8.34, P<0.00001). The effect of TACE plus RFA for HCC is better than TACE mono-therapy. The combined therapy can elevate the patients' overall survival rate, tumor necrosis rate and the rate of AFP reducing or returning to normal in serum and decrease local recurrence rate, PD rate compared with TACE alone.
|
['Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Chemoembolization, Therapeutic', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Survival Analysis', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,318,879
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E02.520.360.150', 'E02.926.500.150'], ['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
MiRNA-directed regulation of VEGF and other angiogenic factors under hypoxia.
|
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of 20-24 nt non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression primarily through post-transcriptional repression or mRNA degradation in a sequence-specific manner. The roles of miRNAs are just beginning to be understood, but the study of miRNA function has been limited by poor understanding of the general principles of gene regulation by miRNAs. Here we used CNE cells from a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line as a cellular system to investigate miRNA-directed regulation of VEGF and other angiogenic factors under hypoxia, and to explore the principles of gene regulation by miRNAs. Through computational analysis, 96 miRNAs were predicted as putative regulators of VEGF. But when we analyzed the miRNA expression profile of CNE and four other VEGF-expressing cell lines, we found that only some of these miRNAs could be involved in VEGF regulation, and that VEGF may be regulated by different miRNAs that were differentially chosen from 96 putative regulatory miRNAs of VEGF in different cells. Some of these miRNAs also co-regulate other angiogenic factors (differential regulation and co-regulation principle). We also found that VEGF was regulated by multiple miRNAs using different combinations, including both coordinate and competitive interactions. The coordinate principle states that miRNAs with independent binding sites in a gene can produce coordinate action to increase the repressive effect of miRNAs on this gene. By contrast, the competitive principle states when multiple miRNAs compete with each other for a common binding site, or when a functional miRNA competes with a false positive miRNA for the same binding site, the repressive effects of miRNAs may be decreased. Through the competitive principle, false positive miRNAs, which cannot directly repress gene expression, can sometimes play a role in miRNA-mediated gene regulation. The competitive principle, differential regulation, multi-miRNA binding sites, and false positive miRNAs might be useful strategies in the avoidance of unwanted cross-action among genes targeted by miRNAs with multiple targets.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Angiogenic Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Down-Regulation', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Transfection', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 17,205,120
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['D12.644.276.100', 'D12.776.467.100', 'D23.529.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G09.330.630'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel Osteogenic Ti-6Al-4V Device For Restoration Of Dental Function In Patients With Large Bone Deficiencies: Design, Development And Implementation.
|
Custom devices supporting bone regeneration and implant placement are needed for edentulous patients with large mandibular deficiencies where endosteal implantation is not possible. We developed a novel subperiosteal titanium-aluminum-vanadium bone onlay device produced by additive manufacturing (AM) and post-fabrication osteogenic micro-/nano-scale surface texture modification. Human osteoblasts produced osteogenic and angiogenic factors when grown on laser-sintered nano-/micro-textured surfaces compared to smooth surfaces. Surface-processed constructs caused higher bone-to-implant contact, vertical bone growth into disk pores (microCT and histomorphometry), and mechanical pull-out force at 5 and 10 w on rat calvaria compared to non surface-modified constructs, even when pre-treating the bone to stimulate osteogenesis. Surface-modified wrap-implants placed around rabbit tibias osseointegrated by 6 w. Finally, patient-specific constructs designed to support dental implants produced via AM and surface-processing were implanted on edentulous mandibular bone. 3 and 8 month post-operative images showed new bone formation and osseointegration of the device and indicated stability of the dental implants.
|
['Animals', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Bone Screws', 'Cell Line', 'Dental Implants', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Osseointegration', 'Osteoblasts', 'Osteogenesis', 'Porosity', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Rats, Nude', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Skull', 'Surface Properties', 'Tibia', 'Titanium']
| 26,854,193
|
[['B01.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.213.140.570', 'G16.762.150.150.570'], ['A11.329.629'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['G01.374.710'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.550.508'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['G02.860'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of PCR-ELISA and galactomannan detection for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis.
|
AIM: To compare PCR with galactomannan antigen detection for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA).METHODS: We prospectively collected serial blood samples from haematological patients at risk of IA, and analysed their samples retrospectively for galactomannan (GM) antigen using the Platelia test and for aspergillus DNA using an in-house PCR-ELISA assay. Matched GM and PCR analyses were performed on 263 samples from 25 patients. Patients were classified for potential IA according to international consensus criteria, with five patients classified as positive (four proven, one probable) and 20 classified as negative (seven possible, 13 no evidence IA).RESULTS: All five patients with IA were positive by PCR with positive results in 24 of 82 samples, whereas three of five patients were positive by GM with four of 82 samples being positive. Three of 20 patients without IA were positive by PCR in 18 of 181 samples, whereas corresponding results for GM detection were one of 20 and one of 181, respectively. Adjustment of ELISA cut-off values and/or the requirement for two consecutive samples to be positive generated different results; however, lowering the positivity index (PI) for GM detection to 0.5 did not improve the sensitivity of the assay. Optimal results for PCR detection and GM were: 100% and 60% sensitivity, 85% and 95% specificity, 0.625 and 0.75 positive predictive value, and 1.0 and 0.8 negative predictive value, with a false-positive sample rate of 8 and 0.4%, positive likelihood ratio of 6.66 and 11.99 and negative likelihood ratio of 0 and 0.42, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: This PCR method is very sensitive for the diagnosis of IA but is associated with a moderate rate of false positives; the GM assay exhibited poor sensitivity but high specificity. Further evaluation of PCR assays for the diagnosis of IA and other invasive fungal infections is warranted.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Fungal', 'Aspergillosis', 'Aspergillus', 'Child, Preschool', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mannans', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 16,175,901
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.202'], ['C01.150.703.080'], ['B01.300.381.081'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.354.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Identification of a novel and orally available benzimidazole derivative as an NPY Y5 receptor antagonist with in vivo efficacy.
|
Optimization of lead compound 2 is described, mainly focusing on modification at the C-2 position of the benzimidazole core. Replacement of the phenyl linker of 2 with saturated rings resulted in identification of compound 8b which combines high Y5 receptor binding affinity with a good ADME profile leading to in vivo efficacy.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Benzimidazoles', 'Drug Design', 'Drug Stability', 'Humans', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Mice', 'Mice, Obese', 'Protein Binding', 'Receptors, Neuropeptide Y', 'Solubility', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 23,025,998
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.103'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['E05.916.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.530'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.540', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.540'], ['G02.805'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
To fix or not to fix? The role of fibular fixation in distal shaft fractures of the leg.
|
BACKGROUND: The role of stabilisation of the fibula in distal two-bone fractures of the leg is controversial. Some studies indicate the need for fibular stabilisation in 43 AO fractures, but few studies consider the role of the fibula in 42 AO fractures. The aim of the current paper is to explain the role of stabilisation of the fibula in 42 AO fractures, correlating the rates of healing and non-union between patients with and without fibula fixation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 patients with 42 AO (distal) shaft fracture of the tibia with associated fracture of the fibula were selected. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not the fibula was fixed: Group I (n=26) comprised patients who had their fibula fixed while Group II (n=34) comprised patients who did not. The fibular fracture was classified according to the AO and related to the level of the tibial fracture. Other parameters examined were the union rate of the two groups correlated to the fracture pattern and position of the fibular fracture; the demographic data, such as age and gender; the presence of an open fracture, and the type of tibial fixation device used (nail or plate).RESULTS: None of the parameters considered (open injury, AO classification, device used and level of the fibular fracture relative to the tibial) were shown to have an influence on the development of a non-union.CONCLUSION: This study showed a higher non-union rate when the fracture of the tibia and fibula were at the same level, the tibia was fixed with a bridging plate and the fibula left untouched. For this reason, we recommend fibular fixation in all 42 distal fractures when both fractures lie on the same plane and the tibial fracture is relatively stabilised.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bone Malalignment', 'Female', 'Fibula', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Fracture Healing', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Fractures, Malunited', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Selection', 'Radiography', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tibial Fractures', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,129,327
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C05.116.214'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.321'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['G16.762.891.500'], ['C26.404'], ['C26.404.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C26.404.875', 'C26.558.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The immunogenicity and safety of a tetravalent measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine when co-administered with conjugated meningococcal C vaccine to healthy children: A phase IIIb, randomized, multi-center study in Italy.
|
INTRODUCTION: Multiple vaccination visits and administrations can be stressful for infants, parents and healthcare providers. Multivalent combination vaccines can deliver the required number of antigens in fewer injections and clinic visits, while vaccine co-administration can also reduce the number of visits. This non-inferiority study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of co-administering a combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine with conjugated meningococcal C (MenC) vaccine in a large cohort of healthy Italian toddlers.METHODS: Healthy subjects aged 13-15months were randomized (2:1:1) to receive single doses of either: co-administered MMRV+MenC at the same visit (MMRV+MenC group); or MMRV followed 42days later by MenC (MMRV group); or MenC followed 42days later by MMRV (MenC group). Blood samples were collected before and 43days after vaccination. Antibody titers against MMRV were measured using ELISA. Functional-anti-meningococcal-serogroup activity (rSBAMenC) was assessed using a serum bactericidal test. Solicited local and general reactions were recorded for up to 4 and 42days post-vaccination, respectively. Non-inferiority of MMRV+MenC to MMRV (post-dose-1 seroconversion rates) and MMRV+MenC to MenC (post-dose-1 seroprotection rates) was achieved if the lower limit (LL) of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the group difference was ?-10% for each antigen.RESULTS: 716 subjects were enrolled in the study. At 42days post-vaccination, the MMRV seroconversion rates were 99.3% (measles), 94.5% (mumps), 100% (rubella) and 99.7% (varicella) in the MMRV+MenC group, and 99.4%, 93.2%, 100% and 100%, respectively, in the MMRV group. The seroprotection rates against rSBA-MenC were 98.3% in the MMRV+MenC group and 99.3% in the MenC group. Non-inferiority was reached for all the vaccine antigens. The safety profiles were as expected for these vaccines.CONCLUSION: The immune responses elicited by co-administered MMRV+MenC were non-inferior to those elicited by MMRV or MenC alone and support vaccination of children with both vaccines at a single visit.CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT01506193.
|
['Antibodies, Viral', 'Chickenpox Vaccine', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Fever', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Herpesvirus 3, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunization Schedule', 'Immunogenicity, Vaccine', 'Infant', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Measles virus', 'Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine', 'Meningococcal Infections', 'Meningococcal Vaccines', 'Mumps virus', 'Rubella virus', 'Seroconversion', 'Vaccines, Combined']
| 27,423,382
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['D20.215.894.899.290.130'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['M01.774.500', 'M01.955.236'], ['B04.280.382.100.900.460'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.470', 'E05.478.550.545'], ['G12.513'], ['M01.060.703'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.650.500.500'], ['D20.215.894.815.500', 'D20.215.894.899.404.500', 'D20.215.894.899.488.500', 'D20.215.894.899.779.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.625.549'], ['D20.215.894.135.500'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.650.750.550'], ['B04.820.578.875.700.700'], ['G12.800'], ['D20.215.894.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
[A case of hypereosinophilic syndrome exhibiting left ventricular systolic dysfunction].
|
A 16-year-old woman suffering from bronchial asthma since 2 years previously was admitted to the hospital because of high grade fever, dyspnea, skin eruption and arthralgia. Laboratory data revealed pronounced eosinophilia with elevated immunoglobulin E value. A chest X-ray film showed cardiomegaly with pulmonary congestion. Left ventriculograms showed diffusely reduced motion of the left ventricle (LV). Various clinical symptoms and laboratory data were resolved shortly after the administration of corticosteroids, but the LV dysfunction persisted for at least three months. Left ventriculograms 2 years later disclosed a marked improvement of the LV wall motion. In both the acute and the chronic phase, endomyocardial biopsy of both ventricles revealed non-specific histological findings comprising disarrangement of myocytes and interstitial fibrosis, suggesting post-myocarditis. This case was characterized by LV dysfunction possibly due to eosinophilic myocarditis associated with hypereosinophilic syndrome, and by its functional improvement with long-term corticosteroid therapy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Cardiomyopathy, Dilated', 'Eosinophilia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Myocarditis', 'Systole', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 1,439,277
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D06.472.040'], ['C14.280.195.160', 'C14.280.238.070', 'C16.320.488.750'], ['C15.378.553.231'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.238.625'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Focal Adhesions Undergo Longitudinal Splitting into Fixed-Width Units.
|
Focal adhesions (FAs) and stress fibers (SFs) act in concert during cell motility and in response to the extracellular environment. Although the structures of mature FAs and SFs are well studied, less is known about how they assemble and mature de novo during initial cell spreading. In this study using live-cell Airyscan microscopy, we find that FAs undergo "splitting" during their assembly, in which the FA divides along its longitudinal axis. Before splitting, FAs initially appear as assemblies of multiple linear units (FAUs) of 0.3-ìm width. Splitting occurs between FAUs, resulting in mature FAs of either a single FAU or of a small number of FAUs that remain attached at their distal tips. Variations in splitting occur based on cell type and extracellular matrix. Depletion of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) or vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) results in reduced splitting. FA-associated tension increases progressively during splitting. Early in cell spreading, ventral SFs are detected first, with other SF sub-types (transverse arcs and dorsal SFs) being detected later. Our findings suggest that the fundamental unit of FAs is the fixed-width FAU, and that dynamic interactions between FAUs control adhesion morphology.
|
['Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Focal Adhesions', 'Humans', 'Stress Fibers']
| 29,910,076
|
[['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.284.149.165.165.285'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.050.830']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bradycardia during methadone therapy in an infant.
|
OBJECTIVES: To report the occurrence of bradycardia associated with the use of methadone administered to prevent withdrawal in an infant with physical tolerance following long-term opioid therapy in the pediatric intensive care unit setting.DESIGN: Retrospective case report.PATIENTS AND RESULTS: Methadone (0.1 mg/kg) was administered to a 6-month-old infant following prolonged use of intravenous fentanyl for sedation during respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Approximately 30-60 mins after the first dosing of methadone, the infant's heart rate decreased from his baseline of 130-140 beats/min to 80-90 beats/min for 30 seconds. After the third dose of methadone, the heart rate decreased to a sinus bradycardia of 60-70 beats/min for 4 mins. The episodes resolved with tactile stimulation. Over the next 18 hrs, there were repeated episodes of bradycardia. None of these episodes were associated with hypotension, apnea, change in oxygen saturation, decreased peripheral perfusion, or other signs of hemodynamic instability. The methadone was withdrawn and the intravenous fentanyl infusion was restarted. Eight to 10 hrs after administration of the last dose of methadone, the episodes of bradycardia resolved and the patient remained in a normal sinus rhythm with a heart rate of 120-140 beats/min.CONCLUSION: Methadone's three-dimensional structure shares similarities with calcium channel antagonists. Although it has been reported in the adult literature, there are no previous reports of bradycardia occurring with methadone therapy in infants. Although there were no deleterious physiologic effects related to the bradycardia in our patient, methadone should be used cautiously in patients who may not tolerate alterations in heart rate.
|
['Analgesics, Opioid', 'Anesthetics, Intravenous', 'Bradycardia', 'Fentanyl', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Methadone', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome', 'Ventilator Weaning']
| 16,395,081
|
[['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.035.075', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.075'], ['C14.280.067.319', 'C23.550.073.300'], ['D03.383.621.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D02.522.675'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825'], ['E02.041.625.950', 'E02.880.820.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Indicators for elevated risk of human exposure to host-seeking adults of the Rocky Mountain wood tick (Dermacentor andersoni) in Colorado.
|
The human-biting adult stage of the Rocky Mountain wood tick (Dermacentor andersoni) can cause tick paralysis in humans and domestic animals and is the primary tick vector in the intermountain west of the pathogens causing Colorado tick fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and tularemia. We conducted drag sampling studies in Poudre Canyon and Rocky Mountain National Park of Larimer County, CO, to determine microhabitat use patterns by host-seeking D. andersoni adults and find environmental factors signaling elevated risk of tick exposure. Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) was found to serve as a general indicator of areas with elevated risk of exposure to host-seeking D. andersoni adults; this likely results from a shared climate tolerance of big sagebrush and D. andersoni. Grass was the favored substrate for host-seeking ticks. Drag sampling of open grass or grass bordering rock or shrub produced abundances of D. andersoni adults significantly higher than sampling of brush. Sampling sites in Rocky Mountain National Park, relative to Poudre Canyon, were characterized by more intense usage by elk (Cervus elaphus) but decreased brush coverage, smaller brush size, and lower abundances of host-seeking D. andersoni adults. There has been a tremendous increase in the population of elk in Rocky Mountain National Park over the last decades and we speculate that this has resulted in an ecological cascade where overgrazing of vegetation by elk is followed by suppression of rodent populations, decreased tick abundance, and, ultimately, reduced risk of human exposure to D. andersoni and its associated pathogens.
|
['Altitude', 'Animals', 'Bites and Stings', 'Colorado', 'Dermacentor', 'Ecology', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Humans', 'Risk Factors', 'Tick Infestations']
| 18,697,314
|
[['G16.500.275.058', 'N06.230.058'], ['B01.050'], ['C25.723.127', 'C26.176'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832.400.200'], ['H01.158.273.248', 'H01.277.249'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.610.858.211.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of fosinopril treatment on serum C-reactive protein levels in patients with microalbuminuria.
|
Inflammation is an important factor in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Observational studies have suggested that renin-angiotensin system inhibition might lower C-reactive protein (CRP). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with fosinopril would reduce inflammation in a placebo-controlled trial involving 621 subjects. CRP was determined using a high-sensitivity assay at baseline and after 3 months of fosinopril treatment. The median CRP level at baseline was 1.38 mg/dl (interquartile range 0.64 to 2.86) and did not significantly differ between treatment groups. CRP levels at baseline were significantly associated with future cardiovascular events, even after adjustment for age and gender (odds ratio 1.76, 95% confidence interval 1.16 to 2.67, p = 0.008). Fosinopril treatment during 3 months did not result in a significantly higher reduction of CRP levels compared with placebo (difference -0.11, p = 0.20). Exploratory analysis suggested an interaction between gender and fosinopril treatment on CRP reduction (p = 0.07). Male gender was associated with a significantly larger reduction in CRP compared to female gender. In conclusion, contrary to previous observational studies, no effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on CRP levels was found.
|
['Albuminuria', 'Angiotensin II', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Fosinopril', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Renin-Angiotensin System', 'Sex Factors']
| 18,602,526
|
[['C12.777.934.734.269', 'C13.351.968.934.734.269', 'C23.888.942.750.269'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D02.705.629.500', 'D12.125.072.401.623.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Role of processing speed and premorbid IQ on visual recognition in patients with schizophrenia.
|
Previous research had shown that processing speed and premorbid IQ are predictors of verbal-memory efficiency in patients with schizophrenia. We investigated whether the same factors are involved in visual memory. A total of 49 patients with schizophrenia and 43 healthy controls were administered a picture recognition task. Half of the pictures were black and white, and half were in color, in order to vary the depth of encoding. Processing speed was measured by three standard tasks, and premorbid IQ was measured by the National Adult Reading Test (NART). Patients were significantly impaired in picture recognition. Regression analyses revealed that NART score was a significant predictor of the recognition of both types of picture in patients. Processing speed was a significant predictor of the recognition of the colored pictures. The effect of diagnosis on the recognition of colored pictures was reduced to nonsignificance when processing speed was entered in the regression. These data suggest that premorbid IQ is involved in visual-recognition efficiency. However, the deficit observed in patients is accounted for by decreased processing speed.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intelligence', 'Intelligence Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Reaction Time', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Regression Analysis', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Young Adult']
| 18,608,649
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.543'], ['F04.711.141.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
SmtB is a metal-dependent repressor of the cyanobacterial metallothionein gene smtA: identification of a Zn inhibited DNA-protein complex.
|
The smt locus of Synechococcus PCC 7942 contains a metal-regulated gene (smtA), which encodes a class II metallothionein, and a divergently transcribed gene, smtB, which encodes a repressor of smtA transcription. Regions containing cis-acting elements required for efficient induction, and required for smtB-dependent repression, of the smtA operator-promoter were identified. Specific interactions between proteins extracted from Synechococcus PCC 7942 and defined regions surrounding the smtA operator-promoter were detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Three metallothionein operator-promoter associated complexes were identified, one of which (MAC1) showed Zn-dependent dissociation and involved a region of DNA immediately upstream of smtA. Treatment with Zn-chelators facilitated re-association of MAC1 in vitro. MAC1 was not observed in extracts from smt deficient mutants but was restored in extracts from mutants complemented with a plasmid borne smtB. SmtB is thus required for the formation of a Zn-responsive complex with the smt operator-promoter and based upon the predicted structure of SmtB we propose direct SmtB-DNA interaction exerting metal-ion inducible negative control.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Cyanobacteria', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Metallothionein', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Operator Regions, Genetic', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Zinc', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 8,451,191
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B03.280', 'B03.440.475.100'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D12.776.556.670'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.650', 'G05.360.080.689.650', 'G05.360.340.024.686.645', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.645'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oxidative stress responses in the animal model, Daphnia pulex exposed to a natural bloom extract versus artificial cyanotoxin mixtures.
|
In the natural environment, Daphnia spp. are constantly exposed to a complex matrix of biomolecules, especially during cyanobacterial bloom events. When cyanobacterial cells decay, not only are toxic secondary metabolites known as cyanotoxins released, but also multiple other secondary metabolites, some of which act as enzyme inhibitors. The present study examined the effects of such a natural toxin matrix (crude extract from a bloom) versus artificial toxin mixtures in terms of oxidative stress in Daphnia pulex. The results indicate that there is no significant effect on the survival of D. pulex. However, exposure to the bloom extract resulted in increased lipid peroxidation over a shorter exposure period and reduced antioxidative enzyme activities when compared to the artificial mixtures. The daphnids also needed a longer recovery time to reduce the increased cellular hydrogen peroxide concentration associated with the exposure to the crude extract than with the artificial mixtures. The results indicate a significant difference between the bloom crude extract and the two synthetic mixtures for all stress markers tested, indicating enhanced toxicity of the bloom extract.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Animals', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cyanobacteria', 'Daphnia', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Microcystins', 'Models, Animal', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Toxins, Biological', 'Uracil']
| 27,614,285
|
[['D03.132'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.946.123'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B03.280', 'B03.440.475.100'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.150.200'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D04.345.566.447', 'D12.644.641.447', 'D23.946.123.574'], ['E05.598'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['D23.946'], ['D03.383.742.698.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stimulation of spermatogenesis in stalk-sectioned rhesus monkeys by testosterone alone.
|
Testosterone alone stimulated spermatogenesis in four adult, pituitary stalk-sectioned rhesus monkeys. Ten to 14 weeks after transection of the pituitary stalk, testicular volumes declined to about one fifth of the presurgical values. Serum LH levels declined precipitously, being undetectable 1 week postsurgery, and serum testosterone levels were indistinguishable from those of castrated male monkeys by the 5th week postsurgery. After a transient decline, serum PRL levels increased to high values in all four monkeys throughout the rest of the postsurgery period. Twelve weekly injections of 250 mg testosterone enanthate resulted in peak testosterone levels around 25-fold higher than presurgical levels. Estradiol levels increased about 4-fold over presurgical levels, and PRL also increased further during the treatment phase. Small ejaculates were produced by electrostimulation by the 5th week of treatment. Thereafter, the ejaculate weight increased. Sperm were found from the 10th week in all four monkeys. By the 13th week of treatment, sperm counts in three monkeys ranged from 17-60 X 10(6) sperm/ejaculate. The sperm counts continued to increase for the first 4 weeks after the cessation of the testosterone enanthate injections. Thereafter, the sperm counts declined, and all four animals produced azoospermic ejaculates between 10 and 31 weeks posttreatment. Moreover, testosterone levels declined slowly and nonuniformly among the four animals. Testicular volumes declined and were at the lowest levels 14 weeks posttreatment. Estradiol and PRL levels also declined posttreatment. It is concluded that testosterone alone can stimulate spermatogenesis in stalk-sectioned rhesus monkeys even in the face of high serum PRL and estradiol levels.
|
['Animals', 'Estradiol', 'Hypophysectomy', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Male', 'Prolactin', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Sperm Count', 'Spermatogenesis', 'Testis', 'Testosterone']
| 6,853,673
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['E04.270.532', 'E04.525.400'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['G04.152.650.624', 'G08.686.784.310.760'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessing risk of falling in older adults.
|
Falls by older people present serious problems in every society. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of a checklist in estimation and reduction of the risk for falls for older adults in Taiwan. Following literature review, a purposive sample was used in a cross-sectional design to assess risk factors using a checklist. Older adults (N = 103) were recruited from three sheltered housing projects (elderly apartments in Taipei County); 52 individuals had fallen within the past year. A set of significant risk factors was identified, including physiological, psychological, environmental, and social dimensions. Members of the fall group had shorter Functional Reach and took more time to complete the Get-up and Go test than the control group. Some illnesses and drugs were associated with an increased risk of fall.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Geriatric Nursing', 'Health Facility Environment', 'Housing for the Elderly', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Nursing Assessment', 'Nursing Evaluation Research', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Shoes', 'Social Support', 'Taiwan']
| 12,930,464
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['H02.478.676.236', 'N02.421.533.245'], ['N02.278.220', 'N05.300.430.400'], ['J03.340.260', 'N01.224.791.400.410', 'N06.230.150.360.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.432', 'H02.478.395.432', 'N04.590.233.508.613.432'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['J01.637.215.800'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Permeabilization of the plasma membrane by deletion mutants of diphtheria toxin.
|
Diphtheria toxin B-fragment binds to cell-surface receptors and facilitates translocation of the enzymatically active A-fragment to the cytosol. In this process the B-fragment inserts into the plasma membrane and induces formation of cation-selective channels. We examined the ability of a number of diphtheria toxin-derived molecules translated in vitro to permeabilize cells. Two proteins consisting of the whole B-fragment and small parts of the A-fragment, and one protein comprising most of the B-fragment alone, were more efficient than full-length toxin in permeabilizing the plasma membrane to monovalent cations. Two shorter B-fragment-derived proteins, with 3 and 10 kd N-terminal deletions, permeabilized the cells to sulfate and sucrose in addition to monovalent cations. The relationship between channel formation and toxin translocation is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Diphtheria Toxin', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Ion Channels', 'Kinetics', 'L Cells', 'Mutation', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Sodium', 'Vero Cells']
| 2,479,538
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.220', 'D23.946.123.305'], ['G02.300'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A11.251.210.505', 'A11.329.228.505'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pathological gambling induced by dopamine antagonists: a case report.
|
Pathological gambling is defined as inappropriate, persistent, and maladaptive gambling behaviour. It is a non-pharmacological addiction classified as an impulse control disorder. However, pathological gambling has been associated with dopamine agonist use. Here we report of a 28-year-old man with a first major depressive episode and a post-traumatic stress disorder who has been treated with a combination of the serotonine/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor duloxetine and the tricyclic antidepressant maprotiline. The administration of antipsychotic flupentixole (up to 7 mg) turned this slight online poker gambler into an excessive gambler. Only after the discontinuation of the antidopaminergic agents and the switch to bupropion did this gambling behaviour stop which suggests a causal relationship between dopamine antagonists and pathological gambling.
|
['Adult', 'Behavior, Addictive', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Dopamine Antagonists', 'Flupenthixol', 'Gambling', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 24,356,928
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.527.100.120'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.175', 'D27.505.696.577.150.175'], ['D02.886.952.360', 'D03.383.606.460', 'D03.633.300.953.704.360'], ['F01.145.722.408', 'F03.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Bi-allelic Pro291Leu variant in KCNQ4 leads to early onset non-syndromic hearing loss.
|
Variants of KCNQ4 are one of the most common causes of dominantly inherited nonsyndromic hearing loss. We investigated a consanguineous family in which two individuals had prelignual hearing loss, apparently inherited in a recessive mode. Whole-exome sequencing analyses demonstrated genetic heterogeneity as variants in two different genes segregated with the phenotype in two branches of the family. Members in one branch were homozygous for a pathogenic variant of TMC1. The other two affected individuals were homozygous for a missense pathogenic variant in KCNQ4 c.872C>T; p.(Pro291Leu). These two individuals had prelingual, progressive moderate to severe hearing loss, while a heterozygous carrier had late onset mild hearing loss. Our work demonstrates that p.Pro291L variant is semi-dominantly inherited. This is the first report of semi-dominance of a KCNQ4 variant.
|
['Age of Onset', 'Consanguinity', 'Deafness', 'Female', 'Genetic Heterogeneity', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'KCNQ Potassium Channels', 'Leucine', 'Male', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Pedigree', 'Proline', 'Whole Exome Sequencing']
| 31,028,865
|
[['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['G05.090.403.180', 'G05.180'], ['C09.218.458.341.186', 'C10.597.751.418.341.186', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.186'], ['G05.365.331'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900.124.249', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900.124.249', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900.124.249'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['E05.393.673'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['E05.393.760.700.825.500']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
New guidelines on ethical considerations in HIV preventive vaccine research.
|
In March 2000, UNAIDS released annotated guidance points on the ethical considerations of HIV vaccine research (the "Guidance Document"). The guidance points, reproduced at the end of the article, are the product of two years' consultation and debate around the world, yet key questions remain unsettled. This article reviews the process, the outcomes, and the challenges that remain.
|
['AIDS Vaccines', 'Ethics, Medical', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans']
| 11,833,190
|
[['D20.215.894.899.050'], ['K01.752.566.479.171.132.750', 'N05.350.340.162.500'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Why do some Fischer indolizations fail?
|
The mechanisms of the Fischer indole synthesis and competing cleavage pathways were explored with SCS-MP2/6-31G(d) and aqueous solvation calculations. Electron-donating substituents divert the reaction pathway to heterolytic N-N bond cleavage and preclude the acid-promoted [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement.
|
['Indoles', 'Models, Molecular', 'Thermodynamics']
| 21,443,189
|
[['D03.633.100.473'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Primaparas' perceptions of their delivery experience and their maternal-infant interactions: compared according to delivery method].
|
One of the important tasks for new parents, especially mothers, is to establish warm, mutually affirming interpersonal relationships with the new baby in the family, with the purpose of promoting the healthy development of the child and the wellbeing of the whole family. Nurses assess the quality of the behavioral characteristics of the maternal-infant interaction. This study examined the relationships between primiparas perceptions of their delivery experience and their maternal infant interaction. It compared to delivery experience of mothers having a normal vaginal delivery with those having a cesarean section. The purpose was to explore the relationships between the mother's perceptions of her delivery experience with her maternal infant interaction. The aim was to contribute to the development of theoretical understanding on which to base care toward promoting the quality of maternal-infant interaction. Data were collected directly by the investigator and a trained associate from Dec. 1, 1987 to March 8, 1988. Subjects were a random sample of 62 mothers, 32 who had a normal vaginal delivery and 30 who had a non-elective cesarean section (but without other perinatal complications) at three general hospitals in Seoul. Instruments used were the Stainton Parent-infant Interaction Scale (1981) and the Marut and Mercer Perception of Birth Scale (1979). The first observations were made in the delivery room (for vaginally delivered mothers only), followed by day 1, day 2, day 3, and 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks and 8 weeks after birth, for a total of 7-8 contacts (Cesarean section mothers were observed on days 4 and 5 but the data not used for analysis). Observations in the hospital were made during the hour prior to scheduled feedings. The infant was placed beside the mother. Later contacts were made at home. Data analysis was done by computer using as SPSS program and included X2 test, paired t-test, t-test, and Pearson Correlation coefficient: the results were as follows. 1. Mothers who had a normal vaginal delivery tended to perceive the delivery experience more positively than cesarean section mothers (p = 0.002). The finding supported the hypothesis I that perception of delivery would vary according to the method of delivery. Mother's perceptions of birth were classified into three dimensions, labor, delivery and the baby. There was a significantly different and positive perception by the vaginally delivered mothers to the delivery experience (p = 0.000) but no differences for labor or the baby according to the delivery method (p = 0.096, p = 0.389).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Cesarean Section', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Mother-Child Relations', 'Obstetric Nursing', 'Pregnancy']
| 2,232,441
|
[['E04.520.252.500'], ['E04.520.252'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['F01.829.263.370.290.170'], ['H02.478.676.570', 'N02.421.533.571'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Excessive vomiting abolished by carotid denervation.
|
The carotid sinus syndrome (CSS) is characterized by repetitive syncope due to prolonged heart rate slowing or a profound drop in systolic blood pressure. CSS is due to an inappropriate response of a hypersensitive carotid sinus following pressure on or stretching of the neck. We report on a patient with excessive gagging and vomiting elicited by pressure on the right side of the neck as an aberrant presentation of the carotid sinus syndrome. Her incapacitating symptoms were abolished by a surgical carotid denervation.
|
['Baroreflex', 'Bradycardia', 'Carotid Sinus', 'Denervation', 'Female', 'Glossopharyngeal Nerve', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Nausea', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Reflex, Abnormal', 'Syncope', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vagus Nerve', 'Visceral Afferents', 'Vomiting']
| 17,291,834
|
[['G09.330.380.057', 'G11.561.731.063'], ['C14.280.067.319', 'C23.550.073.300'], ['A07.015.114.186.456'], ['E04.525.210'], ['A08.800.050.050.337', 'A08.800.050.600.387', 'A08.800.800.060.337', 'A08.800.800.120.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.821.712'], ['E04.525'], ['C10.597.704', 'C23.888.592.717', 'E01.370.376.550.650.655', 'E01.370.600.550.650.655', 'G11.561.731.587'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.600', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.600'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A08.800.050.050.925', 'A08.800.050.600.825', 'A08.800.800.060.920', 'A08.800.800.120.900'], ['A08.612.220.830'], ['C23.888.821.937']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibition of cholesterol esterification in rabbit aorta by prostaglandin E2.
|
Cholesterol esterification in the arterial wall was investigated with cell-free preparations of intima-media from control rabbits and rabbits rendered atherosclerotic by feeding a diet containing 1% cholesterol. In the presence of 2 mM ATP and 0.1 mM CoA, the major activity for esterification of [4-14C] cholesterol added in vitro was found in the 12,000 g and 105,000 g pellets. In control animals, the activity in the latter pellet was twice that in the former. After cholesterol-feeding for 6 months, the activity increased 5-fold in the 105,000 g pellet and 2-fold in the 12,000 g pellet of the atherosclerotic intima-media. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in concentrations between 2 and 12 X 10(-7) M exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of the esterifying activity in both particulate preparations. The inhibition was 97% at PGE2 concentrations greater than 1.2 X 10(-6) M in preparations from control animals. Inhibition by PGE2 in preparations from atherosclerotic rabbits was also observed. These results suggest a possible regulatory role of PGE2 in cholesterol esterification in the arterial wall.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol Esters', 'Diet, Atherogenic', 'Male', 'Prostaglandins E', 'Rabbits', 'Subcellular Fractions']
| 901,619
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.907.109'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284.200', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197.200', 'D10.570.938.208.250'], ['G07.203.650.240.242'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A11.284.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fluorometric characterization of dityrosine: complex formation with boric acid and borate ion.
|
Borate/boric acid solutions have distinctive effects on the absorption and fluorescence emission spectra of dityrosine. In the presence of excess borate/boric acid, the fluorescence emission maximum of the singly ionized dityrosine chromophore shifts from 407 nm (quantum yield = 0.80) to 374 nm (quantum yield = 0.14). Fluorescence measurements performed as a function of pH and concentration are consistent with a 1:1 complex which may dissociate to either boric acid and singly ionized dityrosine (K1 = 17 mM) or to monoborate ion and unionized dityrosine (K2 = 0.10 mM). As a consequence of the pKa values characteristic of dityrosine and boric acid, complex formation is maximal near pH 8. 2,2'-Dihydroxy-biphenyl shows similar interactions. The fluorescence of dityrosyl calmodulin (0 Ca2+) also responds to the addition of boric acid, giving K1 = 42 mM and K2 = 2 mM. Singly ionized dityrosine produced through dissociation occurring in the excited state does not interact with boric acid.
|
['Borates', 'Boric Acids', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Mathematics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Quantum Theory', 'Solutions', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Tyrosine']
| 2,069,580
|
[['D01.132.250.075', 'D01.248.497.158.076', 'D02.203.130.075'], ['D01.029.260.093', 'D01.132.250', 'D02.203.130'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.599'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['D26.776'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sodium hydrosulfide alleviates lung inflammation and cell apoptosis following resuscitated hemorrhagic shock in rats.
|
AIM: To investigate the protective effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) against inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in a rat model of resuscitated hemorrhagic shock.METHODS: Hemorrhagic shock was induced in adult male SD rats by drawing blood from the femoral artery for 10 min. The mean arterial pressure was maintained at 35-40 mmHg for 1.5 h. After resuscitation the animals were observed for 200 min, and then killed. The lungs were harvested and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was prepared. The levels of relevant proteins were examined using Western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses. NaHS (28 ìmol/kg, ip) was injected before the resuscitation.RESULTS: Resuscitated hemorrhagic shock induced lung inflammatory responses and significantly increased the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-á, and HMGB1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Furthermore, resuscitated hemorrhagic shock caused marked oxidative stress in lung tissue as shown by significant increases in the production of reactive oxygen species H2O2 and ·OH, the translocation of Nrf2, an important regulator of antioxidant expression, into nucleus, and the decrease of thioredoxin 1 expression. Moreover, resuscitated hemorrhagic shock markedly increased the expression of death receptor Fas and Fas-ligand and the number apoptotic cells in lung tissue, as well as the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins FADD, active-caspase 3, active-caspase 8, Bax, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2. Injection with NaHS significantly attenuated these pathophysiological abnormalities induced by the resuscitated hemorrhagic shock.CONCLUSION: NaHS administration protects rat lungs against inflammatory responses induced by resuscitated hemorrhagic shock via suppressing oxidative stress and the Fas/FasL apoptotic signaling pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Male', 'Pneumonia', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Resuscitation', 'Shock, Hemorrhagic', 'Sulfides']
| 24,122,010
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E02.365.647'], ['C23.550.414.980', 'C23.550.835.650'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peripheral muscle weakness and exercise capacity in children with cystic fibrosis.
|
Exercise intolerance in cystic fibrosis (CF) is attributed to diminished nutritional and pulmonary function. We studied the pathophysiology of such intolerance in relation to muscle force and fat-free mass (FFM), in 15 children with moderately severe symptoms of CF (FEV1 < 80% predicted and/or weight for age < -1 SD of reference median), 13 children with mild symptoms of CF (FEV1 and weight above these thresholds), and 13 healthy controls. Cycle maximal workload (Wmax) and V O2max were assessed. Maximal peripheral muscle force was measured, and FFM was calculated from skinfolds. Patients with mild CF, as compared with matched controls, had lower values of Wmax per kilogram of FFM (3.9 +/- 0.5 versus 4.6 +/- 0.3 W/kg [mean +/- SD], respectively; difference = 0.7 [95% CI = 0.4 to 1.1]), and diminished maximal muscle force (2.7 +/- 0.4 kN versus 3.1 +/- 0.7 kN; difference = 0.44 [95% CI = 0.03 to 0.87]), but similar V O2max. Patients with moderate CF had lower FFM, muscle force, and exercise tolerance than did the other groups. Oxygen cost of work was elevated in both groups of CF patients. Muscle force showed a strong positive correlation with Wmax in patients and controls, with disproportionately lower regression slopes in the CF patients. In children with CF, muscle force is decreased and associated with diminished maximal work load, even in the absence of diminished pulmonary or nutritional status.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anthropometry', 'Body Mass Index', 'Child', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Exercise Test', 'Exercise Tolerance', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Humans', 'Maximal Voluntary Ventilation', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Oxygen Consumption']
| 10,051,246
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['G11.427.680.270'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.500', 'G09.772.650.630'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G03.680']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A comparison of the laryngeal mask and tracheal tube for controlled ventilation.
|
The use of laryngeal mask airway (LMA), size 3 or 4, and endotracheal tube (ETT) 8.0 mm was studied comparatively to determine the adequacy of respiratory function during positive pressure ventilation (PPV) by applying a series of given peak inspiratory pressures (PIPs) of 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, 20.0 and 30.0 cm H2O. Eleven anesthetised patients underwent a double comparative trial. First they were ventilated via the LMA and afterwards via the ETT. Tidal volume (VT), dynamic compliance, end-tidal carbon dioxide and peripheral oxygen saturation were recorded in a supine position, before skin incision. Higher values of VT (1.7 mk.kg-1) were expired via the LMA compared with ETT when a given PIP of less than 20 cmH2O was applied. LMA as opposed to ETT secured normocapnia during PPV with low PIPs.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Laryngeal Masks', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Positive-Pressure Respiration', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Respiratory Function Tests']
| 8,869,675
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['E02.041.500.475', 'E02.585.578.475', 'E05.497.578.475', 'E07.700.500.450', 'J01.637.708.560.782.450'], ['A04.411'], ['E02.041.625.790', 'E02.880.820.790'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['E01.370.386.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
mTOR complex 1 regulates lipin 1 localization to control the SREBP pathway.
|
The nutrient- and growth factor-responsive kinase mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) regulates many processes that control growth, including protein synthesis, autophagy, and lipogenesis. Through unknown mechanisms, mTORC1 promotes the function of SREBP, a master regulator of lipo- and sterolgenic gene transcription. Here, we demonstrate that mTORC1 regulates SREBP by controlling the nuclear entry of lipin 1, a phosphatidic acid phosphatase. Dephosphorylated, nuclear, catalytically active lipin 1 promotes nuclear remodeling and mediates the effects of mTORC1 on SREBP target gene, SREBP promoter activity, and nuclear SREBP protein abundance. Inhibition of mTORC1 in the liver significantly impairs SREBP function and makes mice resistant, in a lipin 1-dependent fashion, to the hepatic steatosis and hypercholesterolemia induced by a high-fat and -cholesterol diet. These findings establish lipin 1 as a key component of the mTORC1-SREBP pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Humans', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Male', 'Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1', 'Mice', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Phosphatidate Phosphatase', 'Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1', 'Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases']
| 21,816,276
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.458'], ['D05.500.337', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.500', 'D12.776.476.925.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.500'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.620'], ['D12.776'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.260.103.500.750.500', 'D12.776.260.108.092.750.500', 'D12.776.930.125.500.750.500', 'D12.776.930.127.092.750.500'], ['D12.776.260.103.500.750.750', 'D12.776.260.108.092.750.750', 'D12.776.930.125.500.750.750', 'D12.776.930.127.092.750.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Safety ensuring retinal prosthesis with precise charge balance and low power consumption.
|
Ensuring safe operation of stimulators is the most important issue in neural stimulation. Safety, in terms of stimulators' electrical performances, can be related mainly to two factors; the zero-net charge transfer to tissue and the heat generated by power dissipation at tissue. This paper presents a safety ensuring neuro-stimulator for retinal vision prostheses, featuring precise charge balancing capability and low power consumption, using a 0.35 ìm HV (high voltage) CMOS process. Also, the required matching accuracy of the biphasic current pulse for safe stimulation is mathematically derived. Accurate charge balance is achieved by employing a dynamic current mirror at the output of a stimulator. In experiments, using a simple electrode model (a resistor (R) and a capacitor (C) in parallel), the proposed stimulator ensures less than 30 nA DC current flowing into tissue over all stimulation current ranges (32 ìA-1 mA), without shorting. With shorting enabled, further reduction is achieved down to 1.5 nA. Low power consumption was achieved by utilising small bias current, sharing of key biasing blocks, and utilising a short duty cycle for stimulation. Less than 30 ìW was consumed during stand-by mode, mostly by bias circuitry.
|
['Electric Impedance', 'Electrical Equipment and Supplies', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Safety', 'Microelectrodes', 'Microtechnology', 'Visual Prosthesis']
| 24,681,924
|
[['G01.358.500.249.277.350'], ['E07.305'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.330'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['H01.570', 'J01.897.520.500'], ['E07.695.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
uPAR Expression Pattern in Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder--Possible Clinical Implications.
|
The objective of the present study was to confirm the expression and localisation pattern of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) focusing on its possible clinical relevance in patients with urothelial neoplasia of the bladder. uPAR is a central molecule in tissue remodelling during cancer invasion and metastasis and is an established prognostic marker in various cancer diseases other than bladder cancer. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumour-tissue blocks from 186 patients treated with radical cystectomy were analysed. uPAR expression was scored as either negative or positive as well as by the actual score. Separate scores were obtained for cancer cells, macrophages and myofibroblasts at the invasive front and in tumour core. We were able to confirm, in an independent patient cohort, the tissue expression and localisation pattern of uPAR as investigated by Immunohistochemistry as well as a significant association between uPAR positivity and increasing tumour stage and tumour grade. This demonstrates the robustness of our previous and current findings. In addition the association between uPAR positive myofibroblasts and poor survival was reproduced. The highest hazard ratios for survival were seen for uPAR positive myofibroblasts both at the invasive front and in tumour core. Evaluating uPAR expression by the actual score showed a significant association between uPAR positive myofibroblasts in tumour core and an increased risk of cancer specific mortality. Our investigations have generated new and valuable biological information about the cell types being involved in tumour invasion and progression through the plasminogen activation system.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms', 'Urothelium']
| 26,292,086
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.395.550.448.813', 'D12.776.543.484.500.813', 'D12.776.543.550.418.813', 'D12.776.543.750.815'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707'], ['A10.272.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Time course of changes in cerebral blood flow velocity after tourniquet deflation in patients with diabetes mellitus or previous stroke under sevoflurane anesthesia.
|
We observed an increase in mean middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (V(mca)) after tourniquet deflation during orthopedic surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia in patients with diabetes mellitus or previous stroke. Eight controls, seven insulin-treated diabetic patients, and eight previous stroke patients were studied. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, V(mca), arterial blood gases, and plasma lactate levels were measured every minute for 10 min after tourniquet release in all patients. V(mca) was measured using a transcranial Doppler probe. V(mca) in all three groups increased after tourniquet deflation, the increase lasting for 4 or 5 min. However, the degree of increase in V(mca) in the diabetic patients was smaller than that in the other two groups after tourniquet deflation (at 2 min after tourniquet deflation: control 58.5 ± 3.3, previous stroke 58.4 ± 4.6, diabetes 51.7 ± 2.3; P < 0.05 compared with the other two groups). In conclusion, the degree of increase in V (mca) in diabetic patients is smaller than that in controls and patients with previous stroke.
|
['Aged', 'Anesthesia, Inhalation', 'Anesthetics, Inhalation', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Consciousness Monitors', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Knee', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Methyl Ethers', 'Middle Aged', 'Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Sevoflurane', 'Stroke', 'Tourniquets', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial']
| 21,472,481
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E03.155.197.197'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.035.060', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.060'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['E07.858.195'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.450'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['D02.355.601'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.114.228.550'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['D02.355.601.810', 'D02.455.526.510.717'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E07.926'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.260.850', 'E01.370.350.700.560.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.850.870', 'E01.370.376.537.750.260.850', 'E05.629.937.260.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Dietary protein digestion and absorption rates and the subsequent postprandial muscle protein synthetic response do not differ between young and elderly men.
|
Impaired digestion and/or absorption of dietary protein lowers postprandial plasma amino acid availability and, as such, could reduce the postprandial muscle protein synthetic response in the elderly. We aimed to compare in vivo dietary protein digestion and absorption and the subsequent postprandial muscle protein synthetic response between young and elderly men. Ten elderly (64 +/- 1 y) and 10 young (23 +/- 1 y) healthy males consumed a single bolus of 35 g specifically produced, intrinsically l-[1-(13)C]phenylalanine-labeled micellar casein (CAS) protein. Furthermore, primed continuous infusions with l-[ring-(2)H(5)]phenylalanine, l-[1-(13)C]leucine, and l-[ring-(2)H(2)]tyrosine were applied and blood and muscle tissue samples were collected to assess the appearance rate of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine in the circulation and the subsequent muscle protein fractional synthetic rate over a 6-h postprandial period. Protein ingestion resulted in a rapid increase in exogenous phenylalanine appearance in both the young and elderly men. Total exogenous phenylalanine appearance rates (expressed as area under the curve) were 39 +/- 3 mumol.6 h.kg(-1) in the young men and 38 +/- 2 mumol.6 h.kg(-1) in the elderly men (P = 0.73). In accordance, splanchnic amino acid extraction did not differ between young (72 +/- 2%) and elderly (73 +/- 1%) volunteers (P = 0.74). Muscle protein synthesis rates, calculated from the oral tracer, were 0.063 +/- 0.006 and 0.054 +/- 0.004%/h in the young and elderly men, respectively, and did not differ between groups (P = 0.27). We conclude that protein digestion and absorption kinetics and the subsequent muscle protein synthetic response following the ingestion of a large bolus of intact CAS are not substantially impaired in healthy, elderly men.
|
['Aged', 'Aging', 'Amino Acids', 'Area Under Curve', 'Caseins', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Digestion', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Postprandial Period', 'Young Adult']
| 19,625,697
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['D12.125'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['D12.776.256.159.750.207', 'D12.776.744.150'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['G07.203.650.250', 'G10.261.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['G10.261.700'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Outbreak properties of epidemic models: the roles of temporal forcing and stochasticity on pathogen invasion dynamics.
|
Despite temporally forced transmission driving many infectious diseases, analytical insight into its role when combined with stochastic disease processes and non-linear transmission has received little attention. During disease outbreaks, however, the absence of saturation effects early on in well-mixed populations mean that epidemic models may be linearised and we can calculate outbreak properties, including the effects of temporal forcing on fade-out, disease emergence and system dynamics, via analysis of the associated master equations. The approach is illustrated for the unforced and forced SIR and SEIR epidemic models. We demonstrate that in unforced models, initial conditions (and any uncertainty therein) play a stronger role in driving outbreak properties than the basic reproduction number R0, while the same properties are highly sensitive to small amplitude temporal forcing, particularly when R0 is small. Although illustrated for the SIR and SEIR models, the master equation framework may be applied to more realistic models, although analytical intractability scales rapidly with increasing system dimensionality. One application of these methods is obtaining a better understanding of the rate at which vector-borne and waterborne infectious diseases invade new regions given variability in environmental drivers, a particularly important question when addressing potential shifts in the global distribution and intensity of infectious diseases under climate change.
|
['Animals', 'Basic Reproduction Number', 'Communicable Diseases', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Disease Vectors', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Stochastic Processes']
| 21,094,169
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.080', 'N01.224.935.597.080', 'N06.850.335.125', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.080', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.080'], ['C01.221', 'C23.550.291.531'], ['N06.850.290'], ['N06.850.335.188', 'N06.850.520.203.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Development of an acellular tumor extracellular matrix as a three-dimensional scaffold for tumor engineering.
|
Tumor engineering is defined as the construction of three-dimensional (3D) tumors in vitro with tissue engineering approaches. The present 3D scaffolds for tumor engineering have several limitations in terms of structure and function. To get an ideal 3D scaffold for tumor culture, A549 human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells were implanted into immunodeficient mice to establish xenotransplatation models. Tumors were retrieved at 30-day implantation and sliced into sheets. They were subsequently decellularized by four procedures. Two decellularization methods, Tris-Trypsin-Triton multi-step treatment and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment, achieved complete cellular removal and thus were chosen for evaluation of histological and biochemical properties. Native tumor tissues were used as controls. Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were cultured onto the two 3D scaffolds for further cell growth and growth factor secretion investigations, with the two-dimensional (2D) culture and cells cultured onto the Matrigel scaffolds used as controls. Results showed that Tris-Trypsin-Triton multi-step treated tumor sheets had well-preserved extracellular matrix structures and components. Their porosity was increased but elastic modulus was decreased compared with the native tumor samples. They supported MCF-7 cell repopulation and proliferation, as well as expression of growth factors. When cultured within the Tris-Trypsin-Triton treated scaffold, A549 cells and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (SW-480) had similar behaviors to MCF-7 cells, but human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells (KYSE-510) had a relatively slow cell repopulation rate. This study provides evidence that Tris-Trypsin-Triton treated acellular tumor extracellular matrices are promising 3D scaffolds with ideal spatial arrangement, biomechanical properties and biocompatibility for improved modeling of 3D tumor microenvironments.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Survival', 'Collagen', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Drug Combinations', 'Elastic Modulus', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Glycosaminoglycans', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Laminin', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Mice', 'Porosity', 'Proteoglycans', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Transplantation, Heterologous', 'Trypsin']
| 25,072,252
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.346'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['D26.310'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['D09.698.373'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['D12.776.395.550.530', 'D12.776.543.550.500', 'D12.776.860.300.675'], ['A11.251.210.190.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G01.374.710'], ['D09.698.735', 'D12.776.395.650'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['E04.936.764'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Random amplified polymorphic DNA and plasmid analyses used in investigation of an outbreak of multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
|
Multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with plasmid-borne extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are increasingly frequent nosocomial pathogens. A major outbreak of clinical infections, mainly involving patients in the Newborn Services Unit with limited spread to adult patients, occurred at our hospital. This epidemic was investigated by typing the isolates phenotypically and with random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) and plasmid analysis. Forty-eight isolates, consisting of 44 consecutive clinical isolates and 4 selected surveillance isolates, were studied. A single decamer primer was used for the RAPD, and this was effective in demonstrating that the majority of isolates (45 of 48) had the same profile. Three other isolates had different RAPD patterns identifying them as nonepidemic strains. Plasmids were extracted by alkaline lysis with Magic-miniprep kits from 10 isolates selected to represent the epidemic and nonepidemic strains. This method produced small (< 20-kb) plasmids; larger ESBL-carrying plasmids were not produced, but the small plasmids nonetheless allowed strain differentiation. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns alone were not reliable as strain indicators, since some isolates with the RAPD pattern characteristic of the epidemic strains did not express ESBL and therefore were susceptible to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. The investigation showed the predominance of a single epidemic strain that was transmitted between patients in the Newborn Services Unit. RAPD was the best of the methods used for detecting strain differences, and its speed and ability to type a wide variety of species suggest that it will be an increasingly useful molecular epidemiologic tool.
|
['Adult', 'Child', 'Cross Infection', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Humans', 'Klebsiella Infections', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Phenotype', 'Plasmids', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Victoria', 'beta-Lactam Resistance']
| 7,751,382
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['N06.850.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.503'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['Z01.639.100.992', 'Z01.678.100.373.992'], ['G06.099.225.500', 'G06.225.347.500', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
ReAsH: another viable option for in vivo protein labelling in Dictyostelium.
|
Biarsenical-tetracysteine fluorescent protein tagging has been effectively used in a variety of cell types. It has the advantage of requiring a much smaller peptide alteration to existing proteins than fusion to green fluorescent protein (GFP) or monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP). However, there are no reports of the tetracysteine tagging system being used in Dictyostelium. In order to establish this tagging system in Dictyostelium, the filamin gene (FLN) was modified to express a C-terminal tetracysteine sequence and then transfected into cells. After addition of either FlAsH-EDT(2) or ReAsH-EDT(2), the fluorescence intensity of cells increased in a time-dependent manner and reached a plateau after 3 h of incubation. ReAsH had a much stronger and more specifically localized fluorescent signal compared with FlAsH. After removal of the ReAsH-EDT(2) reagent, the fluorescence signal remained detectable for at least 24 h. The localization of filamin labelled by ReAsH was similar to that of an FLN-mRFP fusion protein, but the fluorescence signal from the ReAsH-labelled protein was stronger. Our findings suggest that the ReAsH-tetracysteine tagging system can be a useful alternative for in vivo protein tagging in Dictyostelium.
|
['Animals', 'Arsenicals', 'Contractile Proteins', 'Cysteine', 'Dictyostelium', 'Filamins', 'Fluoresceins', 'Fluorescence', 'Microfilament Proteins', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Oxazines', 'Protozoan Proteins', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 19,335,452
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.075', 'D02.129'], ['D12.776.210'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['B01.046.550.200.300'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.050.414', 'D05.750.078.730.315', 'D12.776.210.249', 'D12.776.220.525.315'], ['D02.455.426.779.347', 'D03.633.300.953.275', 'D04.711.347'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['D05.750.078.730', 'D12.776.220.525'], ['D02.691'], ['D03.383.533'], ['D12.776.820'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[New approach for unresectable primary liver cancer--intra-arterial combination chemotherapy during and after operation with local injection of ethanol].
|
From 1976 to 1988, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy was performed in 52 patients with unresectable hepato-cellular carcinomas. Forty-nine (94%) out of 52 patients were stage III or stage IV. Thirty-five patients underwent continuous infusion of 5-FU and MMC employing chronometric infusion pumps. Mean survival of this group was 9 months. Six patients survived more than 12 months; the longest survivor died of different causes 40 months after surgery. Another patient lived for 30 months. In 10 patients, hepatic arterial ligation was performed in combination with infusion chemotherapy in the hepatic artery. Mean survival of these patients was 14 months. Four out of the 10 patients survived over 12 months. Recently, in 7 patients whose liver tumors were less than 4 cm in diameter and/or whose tumors were multiple and had liver disfunction, ethanol injection into the tumors during laparotomy was performed in combination with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy. In these 7 patients, an injection port system was implanted subcutaneously for intermittent infusion chemotherapy of MMC + 5-FU and ADM + lipiodol. Mean survival in this group was 14 months. One of 7 patients died 21 months after operation, but the others are alive at this writing. Five of these 6 patients have survived more than 12 months. AFP levels decreased in 3 patients after these treatments. In one case, AFP decreased to normal range for 18 months. These results suggested that intraoperative ethanol injection therapy into the tumors combining with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy may be of value for unresectable smaller liver carcinomas, since this method is technically easy and can assure injection of ethanol into the tumors during laparotomy.
|
['Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Doxorubicin', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Hepatic Artery', 'Humans', 'Infusion Pumps', 'Infusions, Intra-Arterial', 'Injections', 'Intraoperative Care', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitomycin', 'Mitomycins', 'Postoperative Care']
| 2,551,220
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E02.186'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['A07.015.114.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.505', 'E07.858.082.505'], ['E02.319.267.510.520'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['E02.760.731.400', 'E04.604.249', 'N02.421.585.722.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.806.400.249.350', 'D03.383.097.500.350', 'D03.633.100.473.412.249.350'], ['D02.806.400.249', 'D03.383.097.500', 'D03.633.100.473.412.249'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tumoral Presentation of Homonymous Hemianopia and Prosopagnosia in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation.
|
While cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a common cause of lobar hemorrhage, rarely it may be associated with an inflammatory response, thought to be incited by amyloid deposits. We report a 73-year-old woman with an extensive cancer history who presented with tumor-like lesions and symptoms of homonymous hemianopia and prosopagnosia. Found to have cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation proven by brain biopsy, she was treated successfully with immunosuppression.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adenocarcinoma of Lung', 'Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy', 'Female', 'Hemianopsia', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Prosopagnosia', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 28,187,081
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.022', 'C04.588.894.797.520.055'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.200.200', 'C14.907.253.560.200.200', 'C18.452.845.500.100'], ['C10.597.751.941.512', 'C11.966.075.500', 'C23.888.592.763.941.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['C10.597.606.762.100.650', 'C23.888.592.604.764.100.650', 'F01.700.750.100.650'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Amphotericin-induced heart-rate decrease in children.
|
We describe six children with acute decreases in heart rate temporally related to amphotericin B administration. All patients had achieved their maximal dose within 3 to 4 days. Heart-rate drops occurred as early as day 3 but could be delayed up to day 7 after start of therapy. The mean heart rate dropped from 104 +/- 8/min (range 96 to 114) to 62 +/- 8/min (range 48 to 72) (P = 0.0001). A slower heart rate than baseline was noted during the entire duration of drug administration, from 60 minutes of starting the infusion to 220 minutes (mean 120 +/- 40) after discontinuation of the infusion. This reaction was noted in six of 90 (6.7%) patients who had amphotericin. These six children were compared with six age-matched children who received the drug but in whom such changes in heart rate did not develop. The method of administration of amphotericin B was similar in both patients and controls, starting with 0.25 mg/kg/day and increasing by 0.25 mg/kg/day up to 1 mg/kg/day. Children with heart-rate drop received amphotericin for 4.6 +/- 1.8 days, significantly shorter than their controls (12.6 +/- 6.9 days) (P = 0.02), suggesting that this adverse effect has led to early discontinuation of amphotericin therapy. Physicians and nurses caring for children receiving amphotericin B should be aware of this potential adverse effect, which can be serious in a patient with an underlying heart condition or in a patient who is already on heart-rate-lowering drugs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Amphotericin B', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Opportunistic Infections']
| 7,554,685
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D02.540.576.500.500'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.597', 'C01.610.684', 'C01.925.597']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Gangliosides are essential endosomal receptors for quasi-enveloped and naked hepatitis A virus.
|
The Picornaviridae are a diverse family of positive-strand RNA viruses that includes numerous human and veterinary pathogens1. Among these, hepatitis A virus (HAV), a common cause of acute hepatitis in humans, is unique in that it is hepatotropic and is released from hepatocytes without lysis in small vesicles that resemble exosomes2,3. These quasi-enveloped virions are infectious and are the only form of virus that can be detected in the blood during acute infection2. By contrast, non-enveloped naked virions are shed in faeces and stripped of membranes by bile salts during passage through the bile ducts to the gut4. How these two distinct types of infectious hepatoviruses enter cells to initiate infection is unclear. Here, we describe a genome-wide forward screen that shows that glucosylceramide synthase and other components of the ganglioside synthetic pathway are crucial host factors that are required for cellular entry by hepatoviruses. We show that gangliosides-preferentially disialogangliosides-function as essential endolysosome receptors that are required for infection by both naked and quasi-enveloped virions. In the absence of gangliosides, both virion types are efficiently internalized through endocytosis, but capsids fail to uncoat and accumulate within LAMP1+ endolysosomes. Gangliosides relieve this block, binding to the capsid at low pH and facilitating a late step in entry involving uncoating and delivery of the RNA genome to the cytoplasm. These results reveal an atypical cellular entry pathway for hepatoviruses that is unique among picornaviruses.
|
['Capsid', 'Capsid Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'Endocytosis', 'Endosomes', 'Exosomes', 'Gangliosides', 'Gene Knockout Techniques', 'Genome, Viral', 'HeLa Cells', 'Hepatitis A virus', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Lysosomes', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Virion', 'Virus Internalization']
| 32,451,473
|
[['A21.249.500.250'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.550'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.417'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['A11.284.295.588.750', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.495'], ['D09.400.410.420.025.475', 'D10.390.470.025.475', 'D10.570.877.360.025.475'], ['E05.393.335.750'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B04.450.420.410', 'B04.820.578.750.400.410'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.550', 'D12.776.543.550.527'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['D12.776.624'], ['A21.249'], ['G06.920.881']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunohistochemical observations of keratins, involucrin, and epithelial membrane antigen in urinary bladder carcinomas from patients infected with Schistosoma haematobium.
|
Squamous cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder and the epithelial lesions associated with infection by Schistosoma haematobium were histopathologically and immunohistochemically described for keratin proteins (TK, 41-65 kDa; KL1, 55-57 kDa; PKK1, 40, 45 and 52.5 kDa), involucrin, and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Normal urothelial epithelium was positive for all keratins, and showed absent or slight reactions for involucrin and EMA in superficial umbrella cells. The intestinal type of epithelium was composed of columnar cells and small basal cells; TK was positive in the basal cells, KL1 staining was positive in the columnar cells, whereas PKK1 was negative or slight in the columnar cells. Involucrin was confined to columnar cells. Squamous metaplastic epithelium showed a rather regional keratin distribution: TK was distributed in all layers, KL1 decorated upper spinous and granular layers, but PKK1 did not bind, and involucrin staining existed only in upper spinous and granular cells. Keratin expression in squamous cell carcinomas indicated heterogeneity and its stainability was dependent on the degree of keratinization: The G 1 type revealed strong reaction, the G 2 type showed a similar distribution pattern, but the staining intensity was less, and the G3 type showed irregular staining with decreased intensity. Involucrin staining was limited to keratinized cells of carcinoma as was that for EMA.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Immunochemistry', 'Keratins', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucin-1', 'Protein Precursors', 'Schistosomiasis haematobia', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 2,440,175
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['D12.776.543'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.395.550.560', 'D12.776.395.560.631.115', 'D12.776.543.550.530', 'D23.050.285.050.300', 'D23.050.550.325.300', 'D23.101.140.075.300'], ['D12.776.811'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.427', 'C01.915.775', 'C01.920.922.427', 'C12.777.892.775', 'C13.351.968.892.775'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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