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[Alclometasone dipropionate (Legederm) for the treatment of steroid-sensitive dermatoses in the elderly].
|
This is a randomized single blind parallel comparison of alclometasone dipropionate cream 0.1% vs hydrocortisone butyrrate in 39 geriatric patients (greater than 60 years old) with steroid sensible skin diseases. The regimen consisted of dosing patients with two applications of the two drugs every day for 4 weeks. Follow-up evaluations have been done weekly, and subjective and objective clinical symptoms, adherence to the study protocol, evolution of the disease, onset of adverse reactions including atrophy have been recorded. Furthermore possible side-effects on hypophysis-adrenal axis have been monitored in baseline conditions, after 7 days and at the end of therapy. In most patients bioptic skin patterns for histomorphometric examination have been drawn before and after therapy to be evaluated by a blind examinator. Alclometasone has reduced initial skin lesions by 82.2%, the extent as hydrocortisone butyrrate. In five patients the complete clearance of the disease has been obtained. Study drugs have been tolerated well by all patients, nor clinical signs of atrophy have been observed. Fluctuations of blood cortisol levels ranged between the normal values. In patients treated with alclometasone histomorphometry revealed a better skin trophism than in patients treated with hydrocortisone butyrrate.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Dermatologic Agents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Male', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Skin Diseases']
| 2,279,745
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850'], ['C17.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
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MACOP-B chemotherapy for the treatment of high-grade lymphomas in patients with HIV-1 infection.
|
Recent studies showed that patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection may benefit from an intensive chemotherapeutic regimen. We report on our experience in the treatment of NHL-associated HIV-1 infection, with excellent prognostic factors, with MACOP-B regimen.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Bleomycin', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Doxorubicin', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Leucovorin', 'Lymphoma, AIDS-Related', 'Methotrexate', 'Middle Aged', 'Prednisone', 'Prognosis', 'Remission Induction', 'Survival Rate', 'Vincristine']
| 7,683,165
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D09.400.420.110', 'D12.644.233.110'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800.350.450', 'D08.211.840.300.500'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.450', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.450', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.450'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.860'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.817']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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|
The correlation between Pax5 deletion and patients survival in Iranian children with precursor B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia.
|
Despite advances in treatment, children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) still experience drug resistance and relapse. Several gene mutations are involved in the onset of this disease and resistance to therapy. The present study examines the incidence of IKZF1, CDKN2A/B, PAX5, EBF1, ETV6, BTG1, RB1, JAK2, and Xp22.33 gene deletions/duplications associated with pediatric ALL in Iran and investigates the possible effect of these mutations on drug resistance. Three-year disease-free survival (3DFS) was evaluated for children diagnosed with Philadelphia negative precursor-B-cell ALL hospitalized at Sayed-al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan-Iran, from January 2009 until December 2012. DNA was extracted from bone marrow slides, and ALL correlated gene deletions and duplications were measured using Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) method. The correlation between gene mutations and 3DFS was then assessed. Among the nine aforementioned investigated genes, 63% of samples showed at least one gene mutation. At least two concomitant genomic mutations were observed in 42% of samples. Pax5 deletion was the most prevalent gene mutation observed in 45% of cases, and showed significant negative impact on response to treatment. CDKN2A/B (9p21.3) gene deletion, and ETV6 (12p13.2) gene duplication also demonstrated negative effect on patient survival and contributed to a worse prognosis if concomitant with Pax5 gene deletion. ALL patients with one of the gene deletions including Pax5 and CDKN2A/B (9p21.3) or ETV6 (12p13.2) gene duplication are classified as high-risk patients and need more intensified protocols of treatment to improve their chance of survival.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Gene Duplication', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Iran', 'Male', 'PAX5 Transcription Factor', 'Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid', 'Prognosis', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Survival Analysis']
| 28,886,309
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D12.644.360.225.100', 'D12.776.167.187.100', 'D12.776.476.225.100', 'D12.776.624.776.355.100'], ['D12.644.360.225.200', 'D12.776.167.187.200', 'D12.776.476.225.200', 'D12.776.624.776.355.200'], ['D12.644.360.225.300', 'D12.776.167.187.300', 'D12.776.476.225.300', 'D12.776.624.776.355.300'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.365.590.320', 'G05.558.320'], ['G05.308.370.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['D12.776.260.645.500', 'D12.776.930.700.500'], ['C04.557.337.428.600.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600.600'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.562.800', 'A11.148.378.294.374', 'A11.872.378.294.500'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.260.665', 'D12.776.624.664.700.175', 'D12.776.930.720'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The "fashion-form" of modern society and its relationship to psychology.
|
In this work, we present a new way of understanding psychology, which emerges as a result of relating it to the three principles of the theory of fashion of Gilles Lipovetsky: "the principle of the ephemeral," "the principle of the marginal differentiation of individuals," and "the principle of seduction." We relate the first principle to the plurality of the diverse and changing "schools and systems" that have existed throughout the history of psychology. We apply the second to the figure of the psychologist, considered individually, revealing his or her leading role in the generation of the changing plurality of the systems. By means of the third principle, we point up that the diverse psychologies are forms of seduction. We conclude by stating that psychology has the form of fashion and we analyze how this form can help us to better understand it.
|
['Historiography', 'Humans', 'Models, Psychological', 'Professional Practice', 'Psychological Theory', 'Psychology', 'Psychology, Social', 'Social Conditions', 'Social Identification', 'Sociology']
| 19,476,249
|
[['K01.400.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.695'], ['N04.452.758'], ['F02.739'], ['F04.096.628'], ['F01.829', 'F04.096.628.829'], ['I01.880.853.450', 'N01.824.827'], ['F01.145.813.708'], ['F04.096.879.757', 'I01.880']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Calcium-antagonist effects of norbormide on isolated perfused heart and cardiac myocytes of guinea-pig: a comparison with verapamil.
|
1. Cardiac effects on norbormide and verapamil were compared in single ventricular myocytes, right atria, and Langendorff perfused hearts isolated from guinea-pigs. 2. In ventricular myocytes, norbormide 50 microM inhibited the peak calcium current (ICa) by 49.6 +/- 3.9% without altering the shape of the current-voltage relationship; verapamil 1 microM inhibited ICa by 83.2 +/- 3.3%. Neither norbormide nor verapamil affected ICa at the first beat after a 3 min quiescence period; during repeated depolarizations, both drugs cumulatively blocked ICa (use-dependence), with time constants of 23.0 +/- 7.0 s for norbormide and 91.3 +/- 8.4 s for verapamil. 3. In constant-flow perfused hearts electrically driven at 2.5 Hz or 3.3 Hz, both norbormide and verapamil concentration-dependently decreased ventricular contractility (dP/dtmax), atrio-ventricular (AV) conduction velocity and coronary pressure. Intraventricular conduction velocity was slightly decreased by norbormide but not by verapamil. At an equivalent change in AV conduction, norbormide depressed heart contractility less than verapamil. The effects of norbormide on AV conduction, intraventricular conduction, and contractility were frequency-dependent. Furthermore, the curves correlating the mechanical and electrical effects of norbormide at the two frequencies used were apparently coincident, while those of verapamil were clearly separated. 4. In spontaneously beating right atria, norbormide and verapamil decreased the frequency of sinus node (SA) in a concentration-dependent way. At an equivalent effect on the AV conduction, norbormide exerted a greater effect on sinus frequency than verapamil. 5. These results indicate that in guinea-pig heart norbormide has the pharmacological profile of a Ca-antagonist with strong electrophysiological properties. In comparison with verapamil, norbormide is more selective on SA and AV node tissues and exerts a weaker negative inotropic effect on ventricles. In principle, this pattern of effects may be an advantage in treating supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with heart failure. The effect of norbormide on intraventricular conduction may represent an additional antiarrhythmic mechanism.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Calcium Channels', 'Electrophysiology', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Heart', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemodynamics', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Norbornanes', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Verapamil']
| 9,117,093
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A07.541'], ['A07.541.409'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D02.455.426.100.080.550', 'D04.075.080.500'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D02.092.471.683.953']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Bowen's disease of the nipple].
|
The clinical and morphological features of Bowen's disease of the nipple are reported. The 51 year old patient had an eczema type change of the left nipple for over 1 year. The microscopic evaluation of the extensive segmental resection showed Bowen's disease of the nipple. Paget's disease was excluded with certainty. As far as the authors know this is the first case of Bowen's disease of the nipple reported. The treatment of choice is extended segmental resection. With this treatment the prognosis of Bowen's disease of the nipple appears to be favourable.
|
["Bowen's Disease", 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 6,922,808
|
[['C04.557.470.200.400.130', 'C04.557.470.700.400.130'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Early-life origins of schizotypal traits in adulthood.
|
BACKGROUND: Although schizotypal traits, such as anhedonia and aberrant perceptions, may increase the risk for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, little is known about early-life characteristics that predict more pronounced schizotypal traits.AIMS: To examine whether birth size or several other early-life factors that have been previously linked with schizophrenia predict schizotypal traits in adulthood.METHOD: Participants of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study (n = 4976) completed a questionnaire on positive and negative schizotypal traits at the age of 31 years.RESULTS: Lower placental weight, lower birth weight and smaller head circumference at 12 months predicted elevated positive schizotypal traits in women after adjusting for several confounders (P<0.02). Moreover, higher gestational age, lower childhood family socioeconomic status, undesirability of pregnancy, winter/autumn birth, higher birth order and maternal smoking during pregnancy predicted some augmented schizotypal traits in women, some in men and some in both genders.CONCLUSIONS: The results point to similarities in the aetiology of schitzotypal traits and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Birth Order', 'Birth Weight', 'Body Size', 'Cephalometry', 'Cohort Studies', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Organ Size', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Factors', 'Schizotypal Personality Disorder', 'Seasons', 'Sex Factors', 'Smoking', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 19,648,543
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.829.263.132', 'I01.240.361.160', 'N01.224.361.160', 'N06.850.505.400.400.160'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['E01.370.600.024.250', 'E05.041.250', 'N06.850.505.200.100.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F03.675.725'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Subcellular localization of the GABA-shunt enzymes in Euglena gracilis strain Z.
|
Glutamate decarboxylase, gamma-aminobutyrate-alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase and NAD-linked and NADP-linked succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, all constituting the GABA (gamma-aminobutyrate)-shunt pathway of glutamate metabolism are localized in the mitochondrial matrix in a streptomycin-bleached mutant of Euglena gracilis strain Z. Glutamate dehydrogenase, requiring NADP as the cofactor, was distributed in the cytoplasm. An improved version of the controlled digestion method for preparing Euglena mitochondria, which involves use of trypsin and a trypsin inhibitor and removal of broken cells before mechanical disruption of cells, is also described.
|
['4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase', 'Aldehyde Oxidoreductases', 'Animals', 'Carboxy-Lyases', 'Cytoplasm', 'Euglena gracilis', 'Fumarate Hydratase', 'Glutamate Decarboxylase', 'Glutamate Dehydrogenase', 'Isoenzymes', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Mitochondria', 'Mutation', 'Succinate Dehydrogenase', 'Transaminases']
| 119,850
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
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| 0
| 0
|
Quasi-experimental study on the effectiveness of a flipped classroom for teaching adult health nursing.
|
AIM: The effectiveness of flipped learning as one of the teaching methods of active learning has been left unexamined in nursing majors, compared to the frequent attempts to uncover the effectiveness of it in other disciplines. The purpose of this study was to reveal the effectiveness of flipped learning pedagogy in an adult health nursing course, controlling for other variables.METHODS: The study applied a quasi-experimental approach, comparing pre- and post-test results in learning outcomes. Included in this analysis were the records of 81 junior nursing major students. The convenience sampling method was used to select the participants. Those in the experimental group were exposed to a flipped classroom experience that was given after the completion of their traditional class. The students' learning outcomes and the level of critical thinking skills were evaluated before and after the intervention of the flipped classroom.RESULTS: After the flipped classroom experience, the scores of the students' achievement in subject topics and critical thinking skills, specifically intellectual integrity and creativity, showed a greater level of increase than those of their controlled counterparts. This remained true even after controlling for previous academic performance and the level of creativity.CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the effectiveness of the flipped classroom as a measure of active learning by applying a quantitative approach. But, regarding the significance of the initial contribution of flipped learning in the discipline of nursing science, carrying out a more authentic experimental study could justify the impact of flipped learning pedagogy.
|
['Adult', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Nursing', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Problem-Based Learning', 'Students, Nursing']
| 28,834,418
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.462'], ['N01.824.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.720', 'I02.158.660', 'I02.903.565'], ['M01.848.769.685']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Preparation of tri(ethylene glycol) grafted core-shell type polymer support for solid-phase peptide synthesis.
|
A core-shell type polymer support for solid-phase peptide synthesis has been developed for high coupling efficiency of peptides and versatile applications such as on-bead bioassays. Although various kinds of polymer supports have been developed, they have their own drawbacks including poor accessibility of reagents and incompatibility in aqueous solution. In this paper, we prepared hydrophilic tri(ethylene glycol) (TEG) grafted core-shell type polymer supports (TEG SURE) for efficient solid-phase peptide synthesis and on-bead bioassays. TEG SURE was prepared by grafting TEG derivative on the surface of AM PS resin via biphasic diffusion control method and subsequent acetylation of amine groups which are located at the core region of AM PS resin. The performance of TEG SURE was evaluated by synthesizing several peptides. Three points can be highlighted: (1) easy control of loading level of TEG, (2) improved efficiency of peptide synthesis compared with the conventional resins, and (3) applicability of on-bead bioassays.
|
['Acetylation', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic', 'Fluorenes', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Mice', 'NIH 3T3 Cells', 'Neuropeptide Y', 'Peptides', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Polymers', 'Resins, Synthetic', 'Solid-Phase Synthesis Techniques']
| 29,235,177
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.091'], ['E05.197', 'J01.897.836.249'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.389', 'D04.615.389'], ['G02.409'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.251.210.100.550', 'A11.329.228.100.550'], ['D12.644.400.500', 'D12.776.631.650.500'], ['D12.644'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D05.750.716.822', 'D25.339.816', 'D25.720.716.822', 'J01.637.051.339.816', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822'], ['E05.197.500', 'J01.897.836.249.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Investigations on the presence of viral and chlamydial antigens in cells exfoliated in the vagina of women with common and malignant gynecopathies.
|
A high proportion of parainfluenza, herpes, adenovirus and chlamydial antigens (10.7-36%) was detected by indirect immunofluorescence in cells exfoliated in the vagina of women with genital neoplasia and with uterine cervix ectopia and dysplasia. Much lower proportions of the same antigens were found in patients with common gynecopathies or recurrent genital herpes and in pregnant women. The possible relationships between chronic virus infections and genital neoplasia in women are discussed.
|
['Antigens, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Chlamydia Infections', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Genital Diseases, Female', 'Genital Neoplasms, Female', 'Humans', 'Vaginal Smears', 'Virus Diseases']
| 7,001,731
|
[['D23.050.161'], ['D23.050.327'], ['C01.150.252.400.210.125', 'C01.150.252.734.301', 'C01.221.812.281.301', 'C01.778.281.301', 'C12.294.668.281.301', 'C13.351.500.711.281.301'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['C13.351.500'], ['C04.588.945.418', 'C13.351.937.418'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.800', 'E01.370.225.998.054.800', 'E01.370.378.900', 'E04.074.800', 'E05.200.500.384.100.800', 'E05.200.998.054.800', 'E05.242.384.100.800'], ['C01.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Morbidity and mortality of poisonings in hospitalized patients in the German Democratic Republic].
|
In evaluation of the hospital statistics a survey is given on the kinds of intoxication and their frequency, age distribution and lethality. It is elaborated the necessity of the concentration of patients with intoxications, in order to decrease the lethality. An organisation model for the GDR is designed and the author adopts a definite attitude to th establishment of intoxication centres.
|
['Age Factors', 'Germany, East', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Poisoning']
| 1,224,723
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['Z01.586.338'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C25.723']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Reproductive soundness is higher in chickens selected for low as compared with high antibody response.
|
White Leghorn chickens were selected for 36 generations for high (HAS) or low (LAS) antibody response to SRBC 5 d after an intravenous challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate possible changes in reproductive soundness resulting from that selection. Age and BW at onset of lay (first egg), along with weight of the first egg, were recorded on 45 hens from each line. Intensity of lay was measured as the number of ovulations within a 15-d period over 15 sequential intervals (total 225 d). Three cycles of fertility also were assessed, coinciding with early, middle, and late production stages. For fertility of males and females within a line to be independently evaluated, roosters and hens were mated by artificial insemination to an unrelated control line of White Plymouth Rocks. Twenty roosters from each antibody line were considered, as well as the 45 hens. Pooled semen from the control line was used for mating the hens from the antibody lines. Hens from the LAS line commenced lay at a younger age (11.67±3.53 d; P<0.001), lighter BW (-169.46±40.20 g; P<0.001), and with greater intensity (2.68±0.25%; P=0.001) than those from the HAS line. Any differences in intensity thereafter were trivial between lines (P=0.42), with intensity decreasing sharply toward the end of the 7-mo production period in both lines. Length of fertility differed between hens of the antibody lines during the first cycle (3.35±0.85 d; P=0.002) and between roosters during the first (3.58±1.06 d; P=0.02) and second (3.38±1.07 d; P=0.03) cycles, with chickens from the LAS line having the longer length of fertility in both sexes. A correlated response in reproductive soundness to divergent selection for antibody response was observed. This may in part be due to differences in resource allocations, with particular impact on duration of fertility.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Breeding', 'Chickens', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Male', 'Oviposition', 'Reproduction', 'Sexual Maturation', 'Sheep']
| 22,802,170
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['E05.820.150', 'G05.090'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['G05.308'], ['G08.686.784.480'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G07.345.750.750', 'G08.686.841.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Daily aspirin use and cancer mortality in a large US cohort.
|
BACKGROUND: A recent pooled analysis of randomized trials of daily aspirin for prevention of vascular events found a substantial reduction (relative risk [RR] = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49 to 0.82) in overall cancer mortality during follow-up occurring after 5 years on aspirin. However, the magnitude of the effect of daily aspirin use, particularly long-term use, on cancer mortality is uncertain.METHODS: We examined the association between daily aspirin use and overall cancer mortality among 100 139 men and women with no history of cancer in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTS: Between 1997 and 2008, 5138 participants died from cancer. Compared with no use, daily aspirin use at baseline was associated with slightly lower cancer mortality, regardless of duration of daily use (for <5 years of use, RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85 to 1.01; for ?5 years of use, RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.83 to 1.02). Associations were slightly stronger in analyses that used updated aspirin information from periodic follow-up questionnaires and included 3373 cancer deaths (for <5 years of use, RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.94; for ?5 years of use, RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75 to 0.95).CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with an association between recent daily aspirin use and modestly lower cancer mortality but suggest that any reduction in cancer mortality may be smaller than that observed with long-term aspirin use in the pooled trial analysis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anticarcinogenic Agents', 'Aspirin', 'Cohort Studies', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Record Linkage', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Research Design', 'Risk', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States']
| 22,888,140
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.706.018', 'D27.505.954.248.125', 'D27.720.799.018'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.500', 'N04.452.859.564.550', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Using the Systems-Practice Framework to Understand Food Allergen Management Practices at College Catering Operations: A Qualitative Study.
|
BACKGROUND: The number of individuals with food allergies or intolerances attending catered university residential colleges is increasing, and safe dining options are required to minimize the risk of allergic reactions and food-induced death.OBJECTIVE: This qualitative research study sought to advance professional knowledge of the factors affecting allergen management practices, particularly pertaining to college foodservices.DESIGN: Three catered residential colleges affiliated with a major university in New Zealand were selected as research sites. The study used an ethnographic approach and systems-practice theory as a framework for data collection and organizing results. Data collection techniques included document analyses (3 hours per site), observations (6 to 8 hours per site), focus groups with foodservice workers (30 to 45 minutes per site, n=16), and interviews with foodservice managers (45 to 90 minutes per interview, n=5). Notes and transcripts were coded through the process of thematic analysis using NVivo for Mac software, version 11.1.1, to identify factors affecting allergen management practices.RESULTS: The main factors affecting allergen management practices at college foodservices included information provided by residents about dietary requirements; communication between residents and foodservice staff; systems for allergen management; attitude of foodservice staff; and college size.CONCLUSIONS: Detailed dietary information, effective communication with residents, sufficient resources, clarification of responsibilities, and thorough systems are required for staff to perform safe allergen management practices. Ultimately, successful implementation was predominantly determined by staff attitude. Foodservice managers are advised to identify motivators and address barriers of staff attitudes toward allergen management practices to promote successful implementation.
|
['Adult', 'Anthropology, Cultural', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Food Services', 'Humans', 'Male', 'New Zealand', 'Nutritional Requirements', 'Qualitative Research', 'Risk Management', 'Systems Theory', 'Universities']
| 28,688,885
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.076.201'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['J01.576.423.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['G07.203.650.620'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['N03.219.463.800', 'N04.452.871'], ['H01.770.808'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ophthalmologic screening in 25 consecutive geriatric psychiatric inpatient admissions.
|
In the aging process, people are at increasing risk of visual abnormalities such as cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and other retinal defects. This holds true for geriatric psychiatric patients as well. These ophthalmic problems may increase risk of falls or increase the comorbidity from dementing processes and depression. Geriatric patients presenting for psychiatric treatment may also be misdiagnosed or under-diagnosed as a result of these visual problems. This quality assurance review of 25 consecutive geriatric psychiatric inpatients demonstrated discrepancies between chart documentation and actual ophthalmologic pathology present in the patients. Doing a simple but complete ophthalmologic screening as part of the general physical examination on admission to an inpatient psychiatric unit can identify those patients who will need more in depth examination of their eyes and promote more accurate differential diagnoses for the patients.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Admission', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Vision Disorders', 'Vision Screening']
| 23,963,654
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['E01.370.380.850.900', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580.925', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500.825', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580.925', 'N06.850.780.500.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Types of basilar artery syndrome: clinicoradiologic correlation.
|
Twenty-two patients with ischemic stroke, as a single event, in the territory of basilar artery (BA) are reported. On the basis of the findings from computerized tomography (CT) and clinico-radiologic features, the authors propose that this heterogeneous entity--the basilar artery (BA) syndrome--can be divided into five subtypes. Type 1 (complete type), characterized by infarctions in the whole territory of BA, is incompatible with life; type 2, with extensive brain stem infarct, may result in a locked-in state; and type 3, with infarctions in part of the BA territory (incomplete form or "partial syndrome") may have a more variable clinical outcome. However, type 4, with a top of the BA syndrome, and type 5, with negative CT BA syndrome (angiographically verified), are often more benign. Although initial CT scanning may infrequently be unrevealing, serial and follow-up CT scannings have proven their usefulness in the majority of cases as a noninvasive tool, in contrast to cerebral angiography, for predicting the short-term prognosis of BA syndrome.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brain', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency']
| 8,480,914
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.956', 'C14.907.253.092.956']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Coarse-grained simulations of proton-dependent conformational changes in lactose permease.
|
During lactose/H(+) symport, the Escherichia coli lactose permease (LacY) undergoes a series of global conformational transitions between inward-facing (open to cytoplasmic side) and outward-facing (open to periplasmic side) states. However, the exact local interactions and molecular mechanisms dictating those large-scale structural changes are not well understood. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate the molecular interactions involved in conformational transitions of LacY, but the simulations can only explore early or partial global structural changes because of the computational limits (< 100 ns). In this work, we implement a hybrid force field that couples the united-atom protein models with the coarse-grained MARTINI water/lipid, to investigate the proton-dependent dynamics and conformational changes of LacY. The effects of the protonation states on two key glutamate residues (Glu325 and Glu269) have been studied. Our results on the salt-bridge dynamics agreed with all-atom simulations at early short time period, validating our simulations. From our microsecond simulations, we were able to observe the complete transition from inward-facing to outward-facing conformations of LacY. Our results showed that all helices have participated during the global conformational transitions and helical movements of LacY. The inter-helical distances measured in our simulations were consistent with the double electron-electron resonance experiments at both cytoplasmic and periplasmic sides. Our simulations indicated that the deprotonation of Glu325 induced the opening of the periplasmics side and partial closure of the cytoplasmic side of LacY, while protonation of the Glu269 caused a stable cross-domain salt-bridge (Glu130-Arg344) and completely closed the cytoplasmic side. Proteins 2016; 84:1067-1074. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
['Cytoplasm', 'Electrons', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Gene Expression', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Kinetics', 'Lactose', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Monosaccharide Transport Proteins', 'Periplasm', 'Protein Domains', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Protons', 'Symporters', 'Thermodynamics']
| 27,090,495
|
[['A11.284.430.214'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D09.698.629.305.340', 'D09.947.750.340'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.500', 'D12.776.543.585.500'], ['A11.284.295.680'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750', 'G02.111.570.820.709.610.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hot topic: investigating the risk of violative meat residues in bob veal calves fed colostrum from cows treated at dry-off with cephapirin benzathine.
|
The objective was to conduct a study to investigate if violative meat residues are detected in very young bob veal calves that are fed first-milking colostrum harvested from cows that were dry treated, on-label, with cephapirin benzathine. First-milking colostrum was collected from cows that were given intramammary treatment at dry off, on-label, with cephapirin benzathine (ToMORROW, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc., St. Joseph, MO). Newborn bull calves meeting study inclusion criteria were removed from their dams shortly after birth and before suckling, and assigned to 1 of 2 trials. For the first trial, 6 treated calves were fed 3.8L of fresh maternal colostrum and 1 control calf was fed 1.5 doses of a plasma-derived colostrum replacer (Secure Calf Colostrum Replacer, VitaPlus Inc., Madison, WI) within 1h after birth. For the second trial, 5 treated calves were fed 3.8L of fresh maternal colostrum and 1 control calf was fed 1.5 doses of Secure Calf Colostrum Replacer within 1h after birth. All calves were humanely euthanized at 24h (trial 1) or 48h (trial 2) of age, and tissues were harvested for antimicrobial residue testing. Samples of maternal colostrum and colostrum replacer were also submitted for antimicrobial residue testing. Kidneys collected from all study calves tested negative for cephapirin benzathine residues when using both the KIS assay (Charm Sciences, Lawrence, MA) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The potential transfer of cephapirin from cows treated on-label at dry off to calves via colostrum may not be a significant source of cephapirin residues in veal tissues.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cattle', 'Cephapirin', 'Colostrum', 'Diet', 'Drug Residues', 'Ethylenediamines', 'Female', 'Food Contamination', 'Kidney', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Meat']
| 23,415,519
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.190.230', 'D02.886.665.074.190.230', 'D03.633.100.300.249.190.230'], ['A12.200.194'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['N06.850.460.200.250'], ['D02.092.782.258.368'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of captivity on glucose tolerance in dogs.
|
Captivity decreased tolerance to glucose and increased blood serotonin levels in 6 normal dogs investigated. Return to freedom brought normalization in the glucose tolerance test and reverted blood serotonin to control levels.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Dogs', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Restraint, Physical', 'Serotonin', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 573,210
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence, correlates, and temporal trends in antiarrhythmic drug use at discharge after implantable cardioverter defibrillator placement (from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry [NCDR]).
|
Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) can require antiarrhythmic drugs to manage arrhythmias and prevent device shocks. We sought to determine the prevalence, clinical correlates, and institutional variation in the use of antiarrhythmic drugs over time after ICD implantation. From the ICD Registry (2006 to 2011), we analyzed the trends in the use of antiarrhythmic agents prescribed at hospital discharge for patients undergoing first-time ICD placement. The patient, provider, and facility level variables associated with antiarrhythmic use were determined using multivariate logistic regression models. A median odds ratio was calculated to assess the hospital-level variation in the use of antiarrhythmic drugs. Of the cohort (n = 500,995), 15% had received an antiarrhythmic drug at discharge. The use of class III agents increased modestly (13.9% to 14.9%, p <0.01). Amiodarone was the most commonly prescribed drug (82%) followed by sotalol (10%). Among the subgroups, the greatest increase in prescribing was for patients who had received a secondary prevention ICD (26% in 2006% and 30% in 2011, p <0.01) or with a history of ventricular tachycardia (23% to 27%, p <0.01). The median odds ratio for antiarrhythmic prescription was 1.45, indicating that 2 randomly selected hospitals would have had a 45% difference in the odds of treating identical patients with an antiarrhythmic drug. In conclusion, antiarrhythmic drug use, particularly class III antiarrhythmic drugs, is common among ICD recipients at hospital discharge and varies by hospital, suggesting an influence from local treatment patterns. The observed hospital variation suggests a role for augmentation of clinical guidelines regarding the use of antiarrhythmic drugs for patients undergoing implantation of an ICD.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Prevalence', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United States']
| 24,216,126
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The integrin-binding defective FGF2 mutants potently suppress FGF2 signalling and angiogenesis.
|
We recently found that integrin ávâ3 binds to fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-ávâ31 (FGF1), and that the integrin-binding defective FGF1 mutant (Arg-50 to glutamic acid, R50E) is defective in signalling and antagonistic to FGF1 signalling. R50E suppressed angiogenesis and tumour growth, suggesting that R50E has potential as a therapeutic. However, FGF1 is unstable, and we had to express R50E in cancer cells for xenograft study, since injected R50E may rapidly disappear from circulation. We studied if we can develop antagonist of more stable FGF2. FGF2 is widely involved in important biological processes such as stem cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Previous studies found that FGF2 bound to ávâ3 and antagonists to ávâ3 suppressed FGF2-induced angiogenesis. However, it is unclear how FGF2 interacts with integrins. Here, we describe that substituting Lys-119/Arg-120 and Lys-125 residues in the predicted integrin-binding interface of FGF2 to glutamic acid (the K119E/R120E and K125E mutations) effectively reduced integrin binding to FGF2. These FGF2 mutants were defective in signalling functions (ERK1/2 activation and DNA synthesis) in NIH3T3 cells. Notably they suppressed, FGF2 signalling induced by WT FGF2 in endothelial cells, suggesting that the FGF2 mutants are antagonists. The FGF2 mutants effectively suppressed tube formation in vitro, sprouting in aorta ring assays ex vivo and angiogenesis in vivo The positions of amino acids critical for integrin binding are different between FGF1 and FGF2, suggesting that they do not interact with integrins in the same manner. The newly developed FGF2 mutants have potential as anti-angiogenic agents and useful tools for studying the role of integrins in FGF2 signalling.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 2', 'Humans', 'Integrin alphaVbeta3', 'K562 Cells', 'Kinetics', 'Mice', 'Models, Molecular', 'Mutation, Missense', 'NIH 3T3 Cells', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Domains', 'Rats', 'Signal Transduction']
| 28,302,677
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.624.120', 'D12.776.467.624.120', 'D23.529.624.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.625.439', 'D12.776.543.550.625.439', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.460.870.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.541'], ['A11.251.210.190.510', 'A11.251.860.180.510', 'A11.443.240.497.480'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['A11.251.210.100.550', 'A11.329.228.100.550'], ['G09.330.630'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750', 'G02.111.570.820.709.610.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protective effect of hochuekkito, a Kampo prescription, against ultraviolet B irradiation-induced skin damage in hairless mice.
|
A Kampo prescriptions, hochuekkito (HET) has been utilized for treating functional conditions such as general fatigue, compromised state and gastrointestinal motility disorder. Recently, HET has attracted the attention of dermatologists because of its clinically positive effects in atopic dermatitis (AD) treatment. To explain this positive effect of HET, we examined its protective ability against oxidative skin stress using a murine model. The dorsal region of 8-week-old male HR-1 hairless mice, which were raised on a HET (0%, 2% and 10%) mixed diet, was irradiated once with 70 mJ/cm(2) of ultraviolet (UV)-B light. After 4 days, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and stratum corneum water content (SCWC), were determined as a measure of degree of skin dysfunction. To estimate the amount of active oxygen generated, the stratum corneum catalase activity (SCCA) and stratum corneum carbonylated protein (SCCP) content in the tape-stripped stratum corneum samples were measured. We also measured the H(2) O(2) scavenging ability of HET, and analyzed the changes in the expression levels of several inflammation and oxidative stress-related genes in the skin of HET-fed mice. In control mice, exposure to UV-B led to significant increases in TEWL and SCCP and significant decreases in SCWC and SCCA. These UV-B-induced changes were reduced in mice administrated HET, and the reduction was HET dose-dependent. Our results suggested that HET offered a protective effect against UV-B-induced skin damage. We also found that HET had relatively low ability to scavenge H(2) O(2) , and expression level of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA decreased in HET-fed mouse.
|
['Animals', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Male', 'Medicine, Kampo', 'Mice', 'Mice, Hairless', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Plant Extracts', 'Skin Aging', 'Skin Diseases', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'Water Loss, Insensible']
| 23,294,358
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['E02.190.488.585.600', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.230'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G13.750.804'], ['C17.800'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['G02.111.635.500.750', 'G03.615.500.750', 'G07.410.810.500.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
MicroRNA-200c exacerbates the ischemia/reperfusion injury of heart through targeting the glutaminase (GLS)-mediated glutamine metabolism.
|
OBJECTIVE: Cardiac ischemia and reperfusion, the common pathophysiological processes during cardiovascular surgery, are followed by oxidative stresses during the restoration of blood flow to the tissue, known as ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous, short and noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally repress their target mRNA expressions. Currently, the roles of microRNAs in the IR are still under investigated. This study will investigate the roles and mechanisms of miRNAs in the ischemia/reperfusion injury of the heart.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A rat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established in this study. MiR-200c expression was measured by qRT-PCR. MiR-200c mimics was transfected into rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes to test the effects of miR-200c on the glutamine metabolism. The glutamine uptake, glutamine dehydrogenase activity, á-ketoglutarate, and glutaminase were assessed.RESULTS: Here, we show that endogenous miR-200c expression is stimulated by IR in rat heart. We observed miR-200c expressions were induced by H2O2 treatments in H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of miR-200c increased the ROS levels under H2O2. Moreover, the glutamine metabolism is suppressed by IR in rat heart. We identified miR-200c directly targets the glutaminase (GLS) through complimentary binding to the 3'UTR reagent of GLS. We report either knockdown of GLS by siRNA or overexpression of miR-200c suppresses glutamine metabolism in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Notably, the miR-200c inhibitor-pretreated rat heart exhibits improved heart function in IR.CONCLUSIONS: This study reports an important function of miR-200c in the regulation of glutamine metabolism during ischemia/reperfusion injury and will contribute to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for the protection of IR.
|
['Animals', 'Glutaminase', 'Glutamine', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 28,770,953
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.087.483'], ['D12.125.068.330', 'D12.125.095.461', 'D12.125.154.424'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A cohort study of antihypertensive treatments and risk of renal cell cancer.
|
We studied 335,682 county residents, of whom 113,298 had been prescribed antihypertensive treatment (AHT), in the period 1989-2002 in North Jutland County, Denmark to examine the relation between different AHTs and the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). An internal comparison was performed among the different classes of AHT users with users of beta blockers as the reference, in order to address potential confounding and bias. The average follow-up was 10 years (range 0-13). Use of any AHT was associated with RCC (relative rate (RR)=1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-1.9) compared with nonusers in the general population. Specific classes of AHTs were nonsignificantly associated with RCC, but compared with users of beta blockers, the numbers observed were close to expectation. Analyses by duration of follow-up and number of prescriptions revealed no clear trends for any antihypertensive agent and after 5-years of follow-up, the RRs for all classes of AHT decreased. The elevated RRs for RCC among users of AHTs compared with the general population are unlikely to be causal, but rather reflect confounding due to failure to control for pre-existing hypertension, and protopathic bias, due to the presence of hypertension as an early sign of kidney disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Cohort Studies', 'Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors']
| 15,812,478
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N05.715.350.240', 'N06.850.490.718'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Tuberculosis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at a New York City hospital: 1978-1985.
|
Recent reports have described an increase in cases of tuberculosis in several urban centers. To investigate the possible relationship between tuberculosis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), we reviewed case records at a New York City hospital between 1978 and 1985. During this period, tuberculosis occurred in 15.1 percent of AIDS patients with a history of parenteral drug use and 4.4 percent of all other patients with AIDS. The yearly rate of tuberculosis more than doubled during the study period; this increase was entirely attributable to cases among patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex and parenteral drug users, a group at high risk for the development of AIDS. Patients with AIDS and tuberculosis were younger and more frequently men than other patients with tuberculosis, and were more likely to have extrapulmonic disease. In the majority of patients, tuberculosis occurred prior to confirmation of CDC-defined AIDS. Forty-four percent of patients with AIDS-related complex at the time of diagnosis of tuberculosis subsequently developed AIDS. Mycobacterium tuberculosis appears to be yet another opportunistic agent to which patients with AIDS retroviral-induced immunodeficiency are susceptible.
|
['AIDS-Related Complex', 'Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Urban', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mycobacterium Infections', 'New York City', 'Population Surveillance', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Tuberculosis', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 3,802,929
|
[['C01.221.250.875.080', 'C01.221.812.640.400.080', 'C01.778.640.400.080', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.080', 'C01.925.813.400.080', 'C01.925.839.080', 'C20.673.480.080'], ['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N02.278.421.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Amplification of transgene expression in vitro and in vivo using a novel inhibitor of histone deacetylase.
|
Enhancement of transgene expression is an important issue in human gene therapy. Here we describe a novel system for enhancing transgene expression by cointroduction of plasmid DNA with FR901228, a water-soluble histone deacetylase inhibitor. When a luciferase expression vector was cointroduced into cells with FR901228, luciferase gene expression was enhanced 50-fold in the mouse melanoma cell line B16-F1 and 5200-fold in NIH3T3 cells in comparison to cells without the drug. Luciferase gene expression enhancement was dependent on both drug dose and treatment time. Acetylated histones increased in accordance with drug dose, and the activation of gene expression occurred at the transcriptional level. The stimulation of luciferase gene expression by FR901228 was also observed in a B16-F1 clone stably expressing luciferase. Cointroduction of the luciferase plasmid with FR901228 into a B16-F1 tumor mass activated luciferase gene expression 3- to 4-fold. Thus, activation of transgene expression by FR901228 may serve as a new tool for gene therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Depsipeptides', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Luciferases', 'Male', 'Melanoma, Experimental', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 10,933,982
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D04.345.566.297', 'D12.644.641.297'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['D27.505.519.389.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.665.510.525', 'C04.619.600', 'E05.598.500.496.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ebola virus screening during pregnancy in West Africa: unintended consequences.
|
OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that predictive value of traditional Ebola virus disease (EVD) screening in West African pregnant women is low because febrile and hemorrhagic complications of pregnancy that can mimic EVD are common.METHODS: Proportions of various categories of pregnancy loss from a hypothetical cohort of West African gravidas were used to construct a Kaplan-Meier curve. The incidence rate of each category was determined by multiplying its proportion by the overall incidence rate, calculated from the inverse of the area under the curve. Incidence rates of Ebola-like illnesses during pregnancy were obtained by multiplying their percentages by the incidence rates of categories of loss with which they coincide.RESULTS: During pregnancy about 1.5% of suspected EVD cases would prove to have EVD. Most of the remaining 98.5% would have hemorrhagic and febrile complications of pregnancy.CONCLUSION: Current guidelines consider obstetrical interventions inappropriate in suspected EVD during pregnancy. However, because the overwhelming majority of cases suspected by screening do not have EVD and might benefit from obstetrical intervention, policy makers must consider whether the small risk to properly protected health care workers from the 1.5% with true EVD justifies withholding potentially life-saving care from the 98.5% who ultimately test negative for EVD.
|
['Female', 'Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Prenatal Care', 'Sierra Leone']
| 26,098,697
|
[['C01.925.782.417.415', 'C01.925.782.580.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786'], ['Z01.058.290.190.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Direct-from-sputum rapid phenotypic drug susceptibility test for mycobacteria.
|
BACKGROUND: The spread of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a leading global public-health challenge. Because not all biological mechanisms of resistance are known, culture-based (phenotypic) drug-susceptibility testing (DST) provides important information that influences clinical decision-making. Current phenotypic tests typically require pre-culture to ensure bacterial loads are at a testable level (taking 2-4 weeks) followed by 10-14 days to confirm growth or lack thereof.METHODS AND FINDINGS: We present a 2-step method to obtain DST results within 3 days of sample collection. The first involves selectively concentrating live mycobacterial cells present in relatively large volumes of sputum (~2-10mL) using commercially available magnetic-nanoparticles (MNPs) into smaller volumes, thereby bypassing the need for pre-culture. The second involves using microchannel Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (m-EIS) to monitor multiple aliquots of small volumes (~10ìL) of suspension containing mycobacterial cells, MNPs, and candidate-drugs to determine whether cells grow, die, or remain static under the conditions tested. m-EIS yields an estimate for the solution "bulk capacitance" (Cb), a parameter that is proportional to the number of live bacteria in suspension. We are thus able to detect cell death (bactericidal action of the drug) in addition to cell-growth. We demonstrate proof-of-principle using M. bovis BCG and M. smegmatis suspended in artificial sputum. Loads of ~ 2000-10,000 CFU of mycobacteria were extracted from ~5mL of artificial sputum during the decontamination process with efficiencies of 84% -100%. Subsequently, suspensions containing ~105 CFU/mL of mycobacteria with 10 mg/mL of MNPs were monitored in the presence of bacteriostatic and bactericidal drugs at concentrations below, at, and above known MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) values. m-EIS data (ÄCb) showed data consistent with growth, death or stasis as expected and/or recorded using plate counts. Electrical signals of death were visible as early as 3 hours, and growth was seen in < 3 days for all samples, allowing us to perform DST in < 3 days.CONCLUSION: We demonstrated "proof of principle" that (a) live mycobacteria can be isolated from sputum using MNPs with high efficiency (almost all the bacteria that survive decontamination) and (b) that the efficacy of candidate drugs on the mycobacteria thus isolated (in suspensions containing MNPs) could be tested in real-time using m-EIS.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Dielectric Spectroscopy', 'Electric Impedance', 'Magnetite Nanoparticles', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Mycobacterium', 'Proof of Concept Study', 'Sputum']
| 32,857,802
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.196.867.335'], ['G01.358.500.249.277.350'], ['J01.637.512.600.500.144.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['B03.510.024.962.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552'], ['H01.770.644.578'], ['A12.200.808']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
S-Adenosyl-l-methionine activates the cardiac ryanodine receptor.
|
S-Adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) is the biological methyl-group donor for the enzymatic methylation of numerous substrates including proteins. SAM has been reported to activate smooth muscle derived ryanodine receptor calcium release channels. Therefore, we examined the effects of SAM on the cardiac isoform of the ryanodine receptor (RyR2). SAM increased cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum [(3)H]ryanodine binding in a concentration-dependent manner by increasing the affinity of RyR2 for ryanodine. Activation occurred at physiologically relevant concentrations. SAM, which contains an adenosine moiety, enhanced ryanodine binding in the absence but not in the presence of an ATP analogue. S-Adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH) is the product of the loss of the methyl-group from SAM and inhibits methylation reactions. SAH did not activate RyR2 but did inhibit SAM-induced RyR2 activation. SAH did not alter adenine nucleotide activation of RyR2. These data suggest SAM activates RyR2 via a site that interacts with, but is distinct from, the adenine nucleotide binding site.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Heart', 'Methylation', 'Ryanodine', 'Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel', 'S-Adenosylmethionine']
| 18,402,770
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.541'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['D02.455.849.291.686', 'D03.132.740', 'D03.383.129.578.805'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.800', 'D12.776.210.500.800', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.800', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.800'], ['D02.886.030.676.180', 'D03.633.100.759.590.138.264', 'D12.125.166.676.180', 'D13.570.583.138.264', 'D13.570.800.096.264']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Uterine artery embolization in sheep: comparison of acute effects with polyvinyl alcohol particles and calibrated microspheres.
|
PURPOSE: To compare the effects on the myometrium of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles and calibrated microspheres (MS) in embolization of the uterine arteries in sheep.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Superselective and bilateral embolization of the uterine arteries was performed with PVA particles and calibrated MS within 24 hours after artificial ovulation in 26 adult nonpregnant sheep. PVA particles of four diameters, 150-250, 250-400, 400-600, and 600-1,000 microm, were compared with calibrated MS of similar diameters, 100-300, 300-500, 500-700, and 700-900 microm, in eight groups of sheep. Evaluation was based on histopathologic study of uterus, ovaries, and vascular pedicles after sacrifice 5 days after embolization. The scores of necrosis, the diameter of occluded arteries, and the number of particles were determined. The scores of uterine necrosis were compared by using nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis). Spearman rank test was used for correlations.RESULTS: PVA particles clumped more readily than did MS. Small particles had a higher score (P =.02) of uterine necrosis than did large particles. PVA particles produced more necrosis than did MS. Size of MS and diameter of occluded arteries showed significant correlation (rho = 0.762, P <.001). Size of PVA particles and diameter of occluded arteries showed no correlation. PVA particles occluded vessels of a wider range of size than did calibrated MS.CONCLUSION: PVA particles are associated with intense uterine necrosis and extensive arterial occlusion regardless of size. Calibrated MS, which are associated with less uterine necrosis, permit a segmental arterial occlusion correlated with size.
|
['Angiography', 'Animals', 'Arteries', 'Catheterization', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Female', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Microspheres', 'Necrosis', 'Particle Size', 'Polyvinyl Alcohol', 'Polyvinyls', 'Sheep', 'Uterus']
| 12,147,840
|
[['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E07.565'], ['C23.550.717'], ['G02.712'], ['D02.033.750', 'D02.455.326.271.884.533.532', 'D05.750.716.721.616', 'D25.720.716.721.616', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.616'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.616', 'D02.455.326.271.884.533', 'D05.750.716.721', 'D25.720.716.721', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electric stimulation regulates the level of Ca-channels in chick muscle culture.
|
To examine the role of muscle activity in the expression of 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP)-sensitive Ca-channels, we electrically stimulated chick skeletal muscle cells growing in culture. The number of Ca-channels was determined by a radioligand binding technique using [3H]PN200-110. The function of these channels was measured by depolarization-induced 45Ca uptake. We found that both the amount and the function of these channels were higher as a result of the increased muscle activity caused by electrical stimulation (ES).
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Animals', 'Calcium Channels', 'Chick Embryo', 'Culture Techniques', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Isradipine', 'Muscles', 'Potassium']
| 8,385,756
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['E05.481.500'], ['E05.723.402'], ['D03.383.725.203.310'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Can Renal Resistive Index Predict Acute Kidney Injury After Acute Type A Aortic Dissection Repair?
|
BACKGROUND: This study sought to determine whether assessment of the renal resistive index (RRI) can predict the short-term reversibility of acute kidney injury (AKI) after repair of acute type A aortic dissection (TAAD).METHODS: This prospective study included 62 patients undergoing repair of acute TAAD. Doppler-based RRIs were obtained preoperatively, immediately after the surgical procedure, and 6, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively. The occurrence of AKI was evaluated daily according to Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria. Persistent AKI was defined as AKI lasting longer than 3 days. The association between the maximum RRI level at different time points and persistent AKI was analyzed by the receiver-operating characteristic curve.RESULTS: Of the 62 patients, 22 (35.5%) had no AKI, 21 (33.9%) had transient AKI, and 19 (30.6%) had persistent AKI. The maximum RRI was 0.67 ± 0.03 (0.62 to 0.71), 0.71 ± 0.05 (0.59 to 0.79), and 0.78 ± 0.05 (0.70 to 0.92) in the no AKI, transient AKI, and persistent AKI groups, respectively. The maximum level of RRI was significantly correlated with that of SCr during the first 48 hours postoperatively (rho = 0.606; p < 0.001). RRI could predict persistent AKI with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.918 (95% confidence interval, 0.850 to 0.986; p < 0.001). A postoperative RRI of 0.725 or higher was a marker for early detection of persistent AKI with high sensitivity and specificity (94.7% and 72.1%, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: An elevated maximum RRI may be a predictor of persistent AKI after repair of acute TAAD. This is helpful for management decision making and improving the prognosis of patients with AKI.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Aged', 'Aneurysm, Dissecting', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic', 'Cohort Studies', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Creatinine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Care', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'ROC Curve', 'Risk Assessment', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed', 'Vascular Resistance', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 28,619,541
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.050'], ['C14.907.055.239.125', 'C14.907.109.139.125'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.860'], ['G09.330.380.921'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibition of Clostridium botulinum 52A toxicity and protease activity by sodium acid pyrophosphate in media systems.
|
The effects of two pH levels (5.55 or 5.85) in combination with 0.4% sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP), NaH2PO4 X H2O, Na2HPO4 X 7H2O, or NaCl on the growth and toxicity of Clostridium botulinum 52A were studied. Absorbancy measurements at 630 nm, microscopic observations, and the mouse bioassay procedure were used to observe the effects. At pH 5.55 and 5.85 most control cultures exhibited toxicity when cell lysis began. Vegetative cell development was normal (4 micron long; 1 micron wide). SAPP-containing (0.4%) treatment cultures displayed similar growth and lysis but no or delayed (48 h) toxicity. Cells grown in the SAPP treatment culture were longer and wider (6 micron long; 1.5 micron wide) than in most other treatment cultures. Trypsinization of nontoxic supernatants from 0.4% SAPP resulted in toxicity. Addition of 0.4% SAPP to toxic C. botulinum supernatant delayed but did not prevent death of mice. The addition of various levels of SAPP to toxic supernatants resulted in a decrease in zone size with an increase in the level of SAPP (9 mm with 0.4% SAPP to 7 mm with 1.0% SAPP), using a dual substrate protease assay. A decrease in the zone size also occurred with the supernatant from cultures grown in the presence of SAPP and with Bacillus polymyxa protease dilutions containing 0.4% SAPP. Results suggest that the actual production or function of the protease responsible for toxin activation may have been inhibited by the presence of SAPP.
|
['Botulinum Toxins', 'Clostridium botulinum', 'Diphosphates', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Microscopy, Phase-Contrast', 'Phosphates', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Trypsin']
| 2,992,374
|
[['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153', 'D12.776.097.156', 'D23.946.123.179'], ['B03.300.390.400.200.160', 'B03.353.625.375.500.160', 'B03.510.415.400.200.160'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.775.150', 'D01.248.497.158.730.650.200', 'D01.695.625.675.650.775.150'], ['G02.300'], ['E01.370.350.515.513.569', 'E05.490.630.569', 'E05.595.513.569'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antenatal diagnosis of glutaric acidemia.
|
Two pregnancies at risk for glutaric acidemia were monitored. In one, in which the fetus was not affected, glutaric acid was not detected in the amniotic fluid at amniocentesis (15 weeks) and the glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity of cultured amniotic cells was normal. In the other, a marked elevation of glutaric acid in the amniotic fluid, together with deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase in amniotic cells, prompted termination of the pregnancy, and studies on the abortus confirmed the diagnosis of glutaric acidemia. Glutaric acidemia, is, thus, another inborn error of metabolism which can be diagnosed in utero.
|
['Acyl Coenzyme A', 'Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors', 'Amniocentesis', 'Amniotic Fluid', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Female', 'Glutarates', 'Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Diagnosis']
| 6,893,520
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.382.300', 'D08.211.211.300', 'D13.695.667.138.382.300', 'D13.695.827.068.382.300'], ['C16.320.565.100', 'C18.452.648.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.050', 'E01.370.225.998.329.309', 'E01.370.378.630.050', 'E04.665.600.309', 'E05.200.500.384.050', 'E05.200.998.329.309', 'E05.242.384.050'], ['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['A11.251'], ['D02.241.081.337.351'], ['D08.811.682.660.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D08.811.682'], ['D08.811.682.660'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.378.630']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
ABCG5 and ABCG8 are obligate heterodimers for protein trafficking and biliary cholesterol excretion.
|
ABCG5 (G5) and ABCG8 (G8) are ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that limit intestinal absorption and promote biliary excretion of neutral sterols. Mutations in either ABCG5 or ABCG8 result in an identical clinical phenotype, suggesting that these two half-transporters function as heterodimers. Expression of both G5 and G8 is required for either protein to be transported to the plasma membrane of cultured cells. In this paper we used immunofluorescence microscopy to confirm, in vivo, that G5 is localized to the apical membranes of mouse enterocytes and hepatocytes. Other ABC half-transporters function as homodimers or as heterodimers with other subfamily members. To determine whether G5 or G8 complex with other ABCG half-transporters, we co-expressed G1, G2, and G4 with either G5 or G8 in cultured cells. G1, G2, and G4 co-immunoprecipitated with G5, and G4 co-immunoprecipitated with G8, but the putative dimers were retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Adenovirus-mediated expression of either G5 or G8 in the liver of G5G8 null mice resulted in ER retention of the expressed proteins and no increase in biliary cholesterol. In contrast, co-expression of G5 and G8 resulted in transit of the proteins out of the ER and a 10-fold increase in biliary cholesterol concentration. Finally, adenoviral expression of G2 in the presence or absence of G5 or G8 failed to promote sterol excretion into bile. These experiments indicate that G5 and G8 function as obligate heterodimers to promote sterol excretion into bile.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5', 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8', 'ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adenoviridae', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Bile Ducts', 'Biological Transport', 'CHO Cells', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cholesterol', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cricetinae', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dimerization', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Enterocytes', 'Epitopes', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Hypolipidemic Agents', 'Lipoproteins', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype', 'Phylogeny', 'Phytosterols', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Protein Transport', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sitosterols', 'Transfection']
| 14,504,269
|
[['D10.532.137', 'D12.776.157.530.100.228.750', 'D12.776.395.550.020.457.750', 'D12.776.521.181', 'D12.776.543.550.192.457.750', 'D12.776.543.585.100.228.750'], ['D10.532.160', 'D12.776.157.530.100.228.875', 'D12.776.395.550.020.457.875', 'D12.776.521.212', 'D12.776.543.550.192.457.875', 'D12.776.543.585.100.228.875'], ['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B04.280.030'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A03.159.183'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['A03.556.124.369.290', 'A10.615.550.444.290', 'A11.436.290'], ['D23.050.550'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.186.071', 'D27.505.954.557.500'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.756', 'D10.570.938.795', 'D23.704.500'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['G03.143.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.857', 'D04.210.500.247.808.756.669', 'D10.570.938.795.669', 'D23.704.500.669'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gallbladder tuberculosis (case report and review of the literature).
|
The incidence of abdominal tuberculosis is increasing and the familiarity with its clinical presentation shortens its diagnostic time and improves its management. Gallbladder tuberculosis has unique considerations regarding its pathology, diagnosis and surgical management. The authors report a case of gallbladder tuberculosis in a 40 year-old female who presented with a clinical picture of acute cholecystitis. Abdominal ultrasound showed a dilated gallbladder with a large gall stone located in the neck region. Several lymph nodes were seen in the hilum of the liver compressing the portal vein which were associated with smaller retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The diagnosis of gallbladder tuberculosis was reached only during surgery and was proven by histopathology. The gallbladder was adherent to the surrounding tissues and covered with multiple tuberculous nodules. The patient had a retrograde open cholecystectomy and treated with anti-tuberculous drugs. The literature on this topic is reviewed.
|
['Antitubercular Agents', 'Cholecystectomy', 'Cholecystitis', 'Cholelithiasis', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Gallbladder', 'Gallbladder Diseases', 'Humans', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Middle Aged', 'Tuberculosis', 'Ultrasonography']
| 10,576,349
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['E04.210.120.172'], ['C06.130.564.263'], ['C06.130.409'], ['E01.171'], ['E02.319.310'], ['A03.159.439'], ['C06.130.564'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Lack of association between preference for and dependence on ethanol.
|
Tests were performed on 60 HS mice to determine preference for ethanol before and after a period of forced ethanol ingestion via a liquid diet treatment. Seizure scores measured 4, 5 and 6 h after the end of the liquid diet treatment showed that moderate degrees of physical dependence had developed. Statistical analyses revealed a significant sex difference only for the amount of ethanol consumed during the liquid diet treatment, with females drinking more than males (on a g/kg basis). Correlation analyses indicated that preference for ethanol was not related to seizure severity or to amount consumed during the liquid diet treatment. A significant drop in preference after ethanol withdrawal was observed when pre- and post-withdrawal preference ratios were compared. These findings are discussed in the context of the usefulness of preference for ethanol as a predictor of alcoholism.
|
['Alcoholism', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Choice Behavior', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Seizures', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome']
| 7,201,379
|
[['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['D02.033.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Topical effect of a medically prescribed pediatric antibiotic on dental biofilm: a cross-over, in situ study.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the possible topical effect of a broad-spectrum antibiotic on dental biofilm formed in situ in the absence or presence of sucrose.METHODS: A crossover study was conducted in three phases of 14 days each, during which 11 volunteers wore palatal devices containing 6 enamel blocks covered with meshes to allow biofilm formation. Dental blocks were extraorally submitted to a 20% sucrose solution at three different frequencies of exposure (0, 3 and 8 times/day), and to a suspension of amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (A/CP) or a placebo (P) suspension at an 8-hour time interval application regimen. On the 14(th) day of each phase, biofilms were collected for microbiological (conventional culture) and molecular (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis--DGGE) analyses.RESULTS: In the absence of sucrose exposure (SE) and at the 3-time daily frequency, dental biofilms treated with A/CP showed lower total biofilm weight and lower counts of total microbiota than the ones treated with P (p>0.05). A/CP presented higher counts of Candida spp. when compared with P in the presence of SE, especially at the 8-time daily frequency (p<0.05). Considering the DGGE analysis, the mean number of bands was higher for P (p>0.05), regardless of SE. However, DGGE profiles demonstrated large interindividual variability.CONCLUSION: Both conventional culture and DGGE have demonstrated some differences on total microbiota of dental biofilms when exposed to the A/CP or P suspensions, mainly in the absence of sucrose, which suggests a possible topical effect of the sugar-free A/CP suspension on dental biofilm.
|
['Administration, Topical', 'Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Biofilms', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Dental Plaque', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metagenome', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sucrose', 'Young Adult']
| 23,383,224
|
[['E02.319.267.120'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.340.550'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Attenuate the Adverse Effects of Severe/Morbid Obesity on Cardiometabolic Risk and Insulin Resistance in Children? A Pooled Analysis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate 1) differences in cardiometabolic risk and HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) across BMI categories (underweight to morbid obesity), 2) whether fit children have lower cardiometabolic risk/HOMA-IR than unfit children in each BMI category, and 3) differences in cardiometabolic risk/HOMA-IR in normal-weight unfit children and obese fit children.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A pooled study including cross-sectional data from three projects (n = 1,247 children aged 8-11 years). Cardiometabolic risk was assessed using the sum of the sex- and age-specific z scores for triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose, and the average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and HOMA-IR.RESULTS: A significant linear association was observed between the risk score and BMI categories (P trend ?0.001), with every incremental rise in BMI category being associated with a 0.5 SD higher risk score (standardized â = 0.474, P < 0.001). A trend was found showing that as BMI categories rose, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) attenuated the risk score, with the biggest differences observed in the most obese children (-0.8 SD); however, this attenuation was significant only in mild obesity (-0.2 SD, P = 0.048). Normal-weight unfit children had a significantly lower risk score than obese fit children (P < 0.001); however, a significant reduction in the risk score was found in obese fit compared with unfit children (-0.4 SD, P = 0.027). Similar results were obtained for HOMA-IR.CONCLUSIONS: As BMI categories rose so did cardiometabolic risk and HOMA-IR, which highlights the need for obesity prevention/treatment programs in childhood. Furthermore, CRF may play an important role in lowering the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in obese children.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cardiorespiratory Fitness', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Risk Factors', 'Triglycerides']
| 28,939,688
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['G11.427.685.500', 'I03.450.642.845.054.300', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800.500', 'N01.400.150', 'N01.400.545.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Decision making around dialysis options.
|
INTRODUCTION: We have previously shown that information given to patients approaching end stage renal failure to make an informed decision about dialysis modality is frequently incomplete and difficult to comprehend [1]. We have now studied whether there are differences in decisions made about dialysis modality according to the method employed to deliver this information.METHODS: In an online study, 784 participants viewed treatment information about hemodialysis (HD) and continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) and completed a questionnaire. A control group saw only basic information, but otherwise treatment information was varied by format (written or videotaped) and who presented the information (male or female; 'patient' or 'doctor'). The information was carefully controlled to ensure comparable content and comprehensibility. In addition to collection of demographic data, measures included: treatment choice, reasons for treatment choice, decisional conflict, need for affect, need for cognition, decision regret, quality of information, previous knowledge of end-stage renal failure and social comparison.RESULTS: There were a number of differences in choices made among subjects who viewed written or video information presented as if by doctors or patients. There was a statistically significant effect that subjects chose the dialysis modality recommended by the patient (whether CCPD or HD). There was no significant effect of the gender of the person presenting information on the modality chosen. However, among participants, females were more satisfied with the information presented, and more likely to choose CCPD (compared to male participants). Subjects' style of information processing (need for cognition/need for affect) had no significant effect on choice of dialysis modality. There was a higher drop-out rate among subjects viewing videotaped information.CONCLUSION: The use of testimonials might bias patients decision making regarding dialysis options and until these effects are understood, they should be used with caution.
|
['Decision Making', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Peritoneal Dialysis', 'Renal Dialysis']
| 19,494,622
|
[['F02.463.785.373'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E02.870.300.650', 'E02.912.800.650'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Generation of synthetic data and experimental designs in evaluating interactions for association studies.
|
Complex diseases, by definition, involve multiple factors, including gene-gene interactions and gene-environment interactions. Researchers commonly rely on simulated data to evaluate their approaches for detecting high-order interactions in disease gene mapping. A publicly available simulation program to generate samples involving complex genetic and environmental interactions is of great interest to the community. We have developed a software package named gs1.0, which has been widely used since its publication. In this article, we present an upgraded version gs2.0, which not only inherits its capacity to generate realistic genotype data but also provides great functionality and flexibility to simulate various interaction models. In addition to a standalone version, a user-friendly web server (http://cbc.case.edu/gs) has been set up to help users to build complex interaction models. Furthermore, by utilizing three three-locus models as an example, we have shown how realistic model parameters can be chosen in generating simulated data.
|
['Algorithms', 'Databases, Factual', 'Gene-Environment Interaction', 'Genotype', 'Research Design', 'Software']
| 22,809,306
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['G05.695.337'], ['G05.380'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
NLR Family Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Inflammasome Activation in Hepatic Stellate Cells Induces Liver Fibrosis in Mice.
|
The NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays an important role in liver fibrosis (LF) development. However, the mechanisms involved in NLRP3-induced fibrosis are unclear. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the NLRP3 inflammasome in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) can directly regulate their activation and contribute to LF. Primary HSCs isolated from wild-type (WT), Nlrp3-/- , or Nlrp3L351PneoR knock-in crossed to inducible (estrogen receptor Cre-CreT) mice were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), or 4OH-tamoxifen, respectively. HSC-specific Nlrp3L351P knock-in mice were generated by crossing transgenic mice expressing lecithin retinol acyltransferase (Lrat)-driven Cre and maintained on standard rodent chow for 6 months. Mice were then sacrificed; liver tissue and serum were harvested. Nlrp3 inflammasome activation along with HSC phenotype and fibrosis were assessed by RT-PCR, western blotting, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence (IF), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Stimulated WT HSCs displayed increased levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cathepsin B activity, accompanied by an up-regulation of mRNA and protein levels of fibrotic makers, an effect abrogated in Nlrp3-/- HSCs. Nlrp3L351P CreT HSCs also showed elevated mRNA and protein expression of fibrotic markers 24 hours after inflammasome activation induced with 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT). Protein and mRNA expression levels of fibrotic markers were also found to be increased in isolated HSCs and whole liver tissue from Nlrp3L351P Lrat Cre mice compared to WT. Liver sections from 24-week-old NlrpL351P Lrat Cre mice showed fibrotic changes with increased alpha smooth muscle actin (áSMA) and desmin-positive cells and collagen deposition, independent of inflammatory infiltrates; these changes were also observed after LPS challenge in 8-week-old NlrpL351P Lrat Cre mice. Conclusion: Our results highlight a direct role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in the activation of HSCs directly triggering LF.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'Hepatic Stellate Cells', 'Inflammasomes', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Liver', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Myofibroblasts', 'NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein']
| 30,180,270
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.561'], ['D05.500.224'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A11.329.228.975', 'A11.620.520.500'], ['D12.644.360.539.250']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Attitudes of some young female bank employees to dentistry.
|
Structured interviews were undertaken with one hundred 18-30-year-old females, seeking their views on dental care. Almost all regarded their own past experience as affecting their general level of dental anxiety. Over half were anxious about visiting the dentist and almost all of these were anxious before entering the surgery. The Anxious emphasized the negative features in dental care and the practice environment whereas the Non-anxious concentrated on positive features, particularly their relationship with the dentist. Many spontaneously commented that their attitudes had been improved by changing dentists, although some still remained anxious. 'Worst visits' had frequently occurred early in their lives. Appearance was of prime importance; function was ignored. Interviewees believed that visiting the dentist would be eased by lower costs, more convenient hours, better surroundings in the practice and improved techniques to make dentistry more comfortable.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Attitude to Health', 'Dental Care', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Wales']
| 2,732,366
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['E06.170', 'N02.421.240.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.363.914']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A study of the energy absorption and exposure buildup factors of some anti-inflammatory drugs.
|
Human radiation exposure is increasing due to radiation development in science and technology. The development of radioprotective agents is important for protecting patients from the side effects of radiotherapy and for protecting the public from unwanted irradiation. Radioprotective agents are used to reduce the damage caused by radiation in healthy tissues. There are several classes of radioprotective compounds that are under investigation. Analgesics and anti-inflammatory compounds are being considered for treating or preventing the effects of damage due to radiation exposure, or for increasing the chance of survival after exposure to a high dose of radiation. In this study, we investigated the radioprotective effects of some analgesic and anti-inflammatory compounds by evaluating buildup factors. The gamma ray energy absorption (EABF) and exposure buildup factors (EBF) were calculated to select compounds in a 0.015-15 MeV energy region up to a penetration depth of 40 mfp (mean free path). Variations of EABF and EBF with incident photon energy and penetration depth elements were also investigated. Significant variations in both EABF and EBF values were observed for several compounds at the moderate energy region. At energies below 0.15 MeV, EABF and EBF values increased with decreasing equivalent atomic number (Z(eq)) of the samples. In addition, EABF and EBF were the largest for ibuprofen, aspirin, paracetamol, naproxen and ketoprofen at 0.05 and 0.06 MeV, respectively, and the EABF value was 0.1 MeV for aceclofenac. From these results, we concluded that the buildup of photons is less for aceclofenac compared to other materials.
|
['Absorption, Radiation', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Computer Simulation', 'Materials Testing', 'Models, Chemical', 'Photons', 'Radiation-Protective Agents']
| 24,859,334
|
[['G01.015.249.500', 'G01.750.124', 'G02.010.500.500'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.570'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G01.249.705', 'G01.358.500.505.650.782', 'G01.590.540.782', 'G01.750.250.650.782', 'G01.750.770.578.782'], ['D27.505.696.706.776', 'D27.720.799.763']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Blackberries as raw--material for manufacturing prophylactic foods].
|
A possibility of using wild blackberries as raw for manufacturing prophylactic foods was scrutinized.
|
['Diet Therapy', 'Food Additives', 'Food Analysis', 'Fruit']
| 18,669,338
|
[['E02.642.249'], ['D27.720.372.300', 'G07.203.300.514.500', 'J02.500.514.500'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interlaboratory comparison and accreditation in quality control testing of diagnostic X-ray equipment.
|
The University of Tartu provides a quality control service to the majority of diagnostic X-ray departments in Estonia. Its methodology has been adopted from the IEC and other relevant standards. Recently the Testing Centre of the University of Tartu was accredited on this methodology by ISO/IEC 17025. Besides the implementation of the quality management system, participation in interlaboratory comparison (ILC) was one of the prerequisites for the accreditation. Tests for estimating reproducibility of tube voltage and dose rate, accuracy of the voltage and accuracy of exposure time were carried out on a diagnostic X-ray unit in the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority in Helsinki. The measurement performance was judged by calculating deviation E(n) normalised with respect to the stated uncertainties. E(n) values for all tests were less than unity and by the common ILC criteria the testing performance could be considered as acceptable.
|
['Accreditation', 'Humans', 'Laboratories, Hospital', 'Models, Statistical', 'Quality Control', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Monitoring', 'Radiometry', 'Research Design', 'Technology, Radiologic', 'X-Rays']
| 15,933,108
|
[['N03.706.110.070', 'N05.700.200.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.420', 'N02.278.487.410', 'N04.452.442.452.422.420'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E05.799.638', 'N06.850.780.375.700', 'N06.850.810.370'], ['E05.799'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['E05.920', 'H02.010.850', 'J01.897.891'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A mixed-method evaluation of nurse-led community-based supportive cancer care.
|
GOALS OF WORK: The study purpose was to evaluate a nurse-led supportive care clinical case management program in the community using multi-methods to delineate care processes prior to outcome evaluation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multiple data sources including program service records, chart reviews and interviews with nurses and key interdisciplinary informants were used to identify population served (coverage and reach), processes of care (implementation), and providers' perceptions of the effectiveness of the nurse-led program (reaction).MAIN RESULTS: The program provided care to over 700 cancer patients in a 1-year period. Nurse-led support interventions were focused on direct care inclusive of teaching/coaching for symptom management, counseling and support, and mobilization of services through system navigation based on an initial comprehensive assessment of supportive care needs.CONCLUSIONS: Nurse-led models of supportive care have the potential to reduce unmet supportive care needs, improve continuity of care, and overall health-related quality of life that should be tested in future trials.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Case Management', 'Community Health Services', 'Continuity of Patient Care', 'Female', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Nurse Clinicians', 'Patient Care Planning', 'Social Support', 'Young Adult']
| 18,335,260
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N04.590.233.624.250'], ['N02.421.143'], ['E02.760.169', 'N02.421.585.169', 'N04.590.233.727.210'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['M01.526.485.650.648.525', 'N02.360.650.648.525'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Desulfotomaculum peckii sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic member of the genus Desulfotomaculum, isolated from an upflow anaerobic filter treating abattoir wastewaters.
|
A novel anaerobic thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium designated strain LINDBHT1(T) was isolated from an anaerobic digester treating abattoir wastewaters in Tunisia. Strain LINDBHT1(T) grew at temperatures between 50 and 65 °C (optimum 55-60 °C), and at pH between 5.9 and 9.2 (optimum pH 6.0-6.8). Strain LINDBHT1(T) required salt for growth (1-40 g NaCl l(-1)), with an optimum of 20-30 g l(-1). In the presence of sulfate as terminal electron acceptor, strain LINDBHT1(T) used H2/CO2, propanol, butanol and ethanol as carbon and energy sources but fumarate, formate, lactate and pyruvate were not utilized. Butanol was converted to butyrate, while propanol and ethanol were oxidized to propionate and acetate, respectively. Sulfate, sulfite and thiosulfate were utilized as terminal electron acceptors but elemental sulfur, iron (III), fumarate, nitrate and nitrite were not used. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 44.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the small-subunit rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain LINDBHT1(T) was affiliated to the genus Desulfotomaculum with the type strains of Desulfotomaculum halophilum and Desulfotomaculum alkaliphilum as its closest phylogenetic relatives (about 89% similarity). This strain represents a novel species of the genus Desulfotomaculum, Desulfotomaculum peckii sp. nov.; the type strain is LINDBHT1(T) (=DSM 23769(T)=JCM 17209(T)).
|
['Abattoirs', 'Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Base Composition', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Desulfotomaculum', 'Fatty Acids', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sulfates', 'Sulfites', 'Tunisia', 'Waste Water']
| 23,064,354
|
[['J01.576.423.200.700.100', 'J03.540.020'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['G02.111.080'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B03.353.625.782.297', 'B03.510.415.400.230', 'B03.900.300'], ['D10.251'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850'], ['D01.248.497.158.904', 'D01.875.750'], ['Z01.058.266.887'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Eigenspine: computing the correlation between measures describing vertebral pose for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
|
This paper describes the concept of eigenspine, a concept applicable for determining the correlation between pair-wise combinations of measures useful for describing the three-dimensional spinal deformities associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The proposed data analysis scheme is based upon the use of principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). PCA is employed to reduce the dimensionality of the data space, thereby providing a regularization of the measurements, and CCA is employed to determine the linear dependence between pair-wise combinations of different measures. The usefulness of the eigenspine concept is demonstrated by analyzing the position and the rotation of all lumbar and thoracic vertebrae as obtained from 46 patients suffering from adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The analysis showed that the strongest linear relationship is found between the lateral displacement and the coronal rotation of the vertebrae, and that a somewhat weaker but still strong correlation is found between the coronal rotation and the axial rotation of the vertebrae. These results are well in-line with the general understanding of idiopathic scoliosis. Noteworthy though is that the correlation between the anterior-posterior displacement and the sagittal rotation was not as strong as expected and that the obtained results further indicate the need for including the axial vertebral rotation as a measure when characterizing different types of idiopathic scoliosis. Apart from analyzing pair-wise correlations between different measures, the method is believed to be suitable for finding a maximally descriptive low-dimensional combination of measures describing spinal deformities in idiopathic scoliosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Algorithms', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted', 'Patient Positioning', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Rotation', 'Scoliosis', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Thoracic Vertebrae', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 25,066,008
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['L01.224.680.700'], ['E02.760.670', 'N02.421.585.700'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G01.482.703'], ['C05.116.900.800.875'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['A02.835.232.834.892'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
MRI of lymphomas of the orbits and the paranasal sinuses.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to point out MR characteristics of non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the orbits and the paranasal sinuses and the benefit of fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced sequences.METHOD: The MR images of 16 patients with lymphoma of the orbits and the paranasal sinuses were retrospectively analyzed for signal intensity, contrast enhancement, bone destruction, and mass effect. The findings were confirmed by means of biopsy (Stage IE disease) or follow-up imaging after chemotherapy (Stage IV disease).RESULTS: MRI clearly delineated the extension of the lymphomas. On the T1-weighted images, the signal intensity of the lymphoma was hypointense compared with the gray matter of the brain in 12 cases and intermediate in 4 cases. The T2-weighted fast SE images showed a hyperintense signal in 12 cases, intermediate in 3 cases, and even hypointensity in 1 case. All lesions enhanced after intravenous Gd-DTPA administration, reliably visible in the T1-weighted fat-suppressed sequences but not visible in three cases in the T1-weighted SE sequences. Bony wall destruction was evident in cases with paranasal but never in isolated orbital lymphoma.CONCLUSION: While extension of lymphoma can be accurately described by MRI, a specific diagnosis is not achievable on the basis of signal intensities and enhancement patterns alone. Therefore, at least in cases of suspected Stages IE and IIE, biopsy proof is needed. Fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced sequences possess the highest detection rate and should therefore always be applied.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Contrast Media', 'Female', 'Gadolinium DTPA', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orbital Neoplasms', 'Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 9,386,277
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['D02.092.782.590.401', 'D02.241.081.018.639.400', 'D02.257.141'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.149.721.656', 'C04.588.364.659', 'C05.116.231.754.659', 'C11.319.457', 'C11.675.659'], ['C04.588.443.665.650.693', 'C08.460.669.693', 'C08.460.692.503', 'C08.785.600.693', 'C09.603.669.693', 'C09.603.692.503', 'C09.647.685.693'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effects of necrotic lesion size and orientation of the femoral component on stress alterations in the proximal femur in hip resurfacing - a finite element simulation.
|
BACKGROUND: Due to the advantages of its bone-conserving nature, hip resurface arthroplasty (HRA) has recently gained the interest of orthopedic surgeons for the treatment of young and active patients who have osteonerosis of the femoral head. However, in long-term follow-up studies after HRA, narrowing of the femoral neck has often been found, which may lead to fracture. This phenomenon has been attributed to the stress alteration (stress shielding). Studies addressing the effects of necrotic size and the orientation of the implant on stress alterations are lacking.METHODS: Computed tomography images of a standard composite femur were used to create a three-dimensional finite-element (FE) intact femur model. Based on the intact model, FE models simulating four different levels of necrotic regions (0°, 60°, 100°, 115°) and three different implant insertion angles (varus 10°, neutral, valgus 10°) were created. The von Mises stress distributions and the displacement of the stem tip of each model were analyzed and compared for loading conditions that simulated a single-legged stance.RESULTS: Stress shielding occurred at the femoral neck after HRA. More severe stress shielding and an increased displacement of the stem tip were found for femoral heads that had a wider necrotic lesion. From a biomechanics perspective, the results were consistent with clinical evidence of femoral neck narrowing after HRA. In addition, a varus orientation of the implant resulted in a larger displacement of the stem tip, which could lead to an increased risk of implant loosening.CONCLUSIONS: A femoral head with a wide necrotic lesion combined with a varus orientation of the prosthesis increases the risk of femoral neck narrowing and implant loosening following HRA.
|
['Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Computer Simulation', 'Femur Head Necrosis', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Hip Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Models, Anatomic', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,095,740
|
[['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['L01.224.160'], ['C05.116.852.175', 'C23.550.717.732.368'], ['E05.355'], ['E07.695.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.897.280.500.545.129', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['G01.374.835'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prevalence of hepatitis B markers among hospital workers in Senegal.
|
A total of 775 serum samples from men and women working in hospitals in Dakar, Senegal, were tested for serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBsAg was detected in 17.8% of the subjects, and 79.2% of the subjects were anti-HBc positive. Among HBsAg carriers 0.04% (5) subjects were HBeAg positive, 0.03% (4) were HBV-DNA positive, and 5.8% (8) were also anti-Delta positive. HBsAg seropositivity was independent of sex and inversely related to age. Duration of service in the hospital was an important predictor of HBsAg seropositivity and the prevalence of seropositive subjects peaked between 2 and 3 years of employment (OR = 1.9; 95% confidence interval [Cl] = 1.1-3.3, when compared to subjects who worked 1 year of less). This peak was critical in the Department of Dentistry, where subjects who worked for 2-3 years experienced a fourfold increase in the risk of HBV infection (OR = 4.0; 95% Cl = 1.8-9.0). Adjusting for age and sex did not modify the results. Within the Department of Dentistry, 15 subjects were HBsAg positive but anti-HBc negative; 12 subjects were retested 1 year later and did not present any markers of past or current HBV infection. These results confirm the increased risk of HBV infection among hospital workers and suggest the presence of HBV variant(s) in Senegal.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Hepatitis B Antibodies', 'Hepatitis B Antigens', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Hepatitis Delta Virus', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Male', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Personnel, Hospital', 'Risk Factors', 'Senegal']
| 2,786,051
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.504'], ['D23.050.327.495.500'], ['B04.280.375.650.425', 'B04.450.390.650.425'], ['B04.265.270', 'B04.450.411', 'B04.820.480.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['C24'], ['M01.526.485.740', 'N02.360.740'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.058.290.190.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of isoflurane and halothane safety margins in rats.
|
In rat experiments, the dose-effect curves for three different end points of anesthesia [loss of righting reflex (RR), prevention of movement (PM), and heart rate response (HR) to noxious stimuli] and for the lethal effect (LE) due to cardiovascular depression were determined with isoflurane and halothane. The obtained data were used to calculate LD50/ED50 ratios and standard safety margins (SSM) for assessment of each agent's safety. It was found that isoflurane provides an equal degree of separation between dose-effect curves for different end points of anesthesia as halothane does. However, isoflurane provides greater margins of safety. The margin between the highest of anesthetic doses--the loss of HR response--and the lethal dose for isoflurane was twice that for halothane (LD50/HR ED50 4.3 vs. 2.2, P less than 0.01). The standard safety margin for the loss of HR response was also greater with isoflurane (142 vs. 43, P less than 0.05). These results agreed that isoflurane may provide greater cardiovascular safety for anesthesia than halothane does.
|
['Anesthesia, Inhalation', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Halothane', 'Heart Rate', 'Isoflurane', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Methyl Ethers', 'Movement', 'Postural Balance', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 6,859,586
|
[['E03.155.197.197'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.455.526.340'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D02.355.601.570'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['D02.355.601'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physical clustering of FLC alleles during Polycomb-mediated epigenetic silencing in vernalization.
|
Vernalization, the promotion of flowering by cold, involves Polycomb-mediated epigenetic silencing of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). Cold progressively promotes cell-autonomous switching to a silenced state. Here, we used live-cell imaging of FLC-lacO to monitor changes in nuclear organization during vernalization. FLC-lacO alleles physically cluster during the cold and generally remain so after plants are returned to warm. Clustering is dependent on the Polycomb trans-factors necessary for establishment of the FLC silenced state but not on LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1, which functions to maintain silencing. These data support the view that physical clustering may be a common feature of Polycomb-mediated epigenetic switching mechanisms.
|
['Alleles', 'Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'Cold Temperature', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Silencing', 'MADS Domain Proteins', 'Multigene Family', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Plant Roots', 'Polycomb-Group Proteins', 'Transgenes']
| 24,013,499
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.308.203'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['D12.776.260.400.249', 'D12.776.930.397'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['D12.776.660'], ['A18.400'], ['D05.500.781', 'D12.776.660.235.600', 'D12.776.664.235.800', 'D12.776.930.780.890'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Associated Factors in Chinese Community-Dwelling Elderly: Comparison Between Rural and Urban Areas.
|
OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of sarcopenia in urban and rural Chinese elderly adults and to identify the risk factors related to sarcopenia.DESIGN: A cross-sectional study.SETTING: Urban and rural communities in western China.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 887 community-dwelling elderly adults aged 60 years or older.MEASUREMENT: Sarcopenia was defined according to the recommended algorithm of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Cognitive function, depression, and nutrition status were assessed using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), the Chinese version of the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30), and the revised Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF), respectively.RESULTS: A total of 612 individuals aged 70.6 ± 6.7 years (range, 60-91 years) were included in this study. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the study population was 9.8% (women, 12.0%; men, 6.7%; P = .031). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 13.1% in rural elders and 7.0% in urban elders (P = .012). Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-1.29), women (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.20-5.65), malnutrition or at risk for malnutrition (OR 3.53; 95% CI 1.68-7.41), rural residence (OR 2.15; 95% CI 1.33-4.51), and the number of medications (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.06-1.44) were independently associated with sarcopenia.CONCLUSIONS: Rural elders are more vulnerable to sarcopenia than urban elders in a sample of western China's elderly population. More attention should focus on rural populations in future sarcopenia studies.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'China', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Rural Population', 'Sarcopenia', 'Urban Population']
| 26,385,304
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N01.600.725'], ['C10.597.613.612.500', 'C23.300.070.500.500', 'C23.888.592.608.612.500'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Monoclonal antibodies recognizing mucus immunoglobulin and surface immunoglobulin-positive cells of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).
|
Mucus immunoglobulin (Ig) of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was purified by the combination of salting-out, Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration chromatography and DEAE Sepharose chromatography. According to the SDS-PAGE and native-PAGE, the purified mucus Ig showed apparent molecular weights of 72 kDa (heavy chain) and 26 kDa (light chain), and a total molecular weight of 798 kDa, which indicated mucus IgM was in tetrameric form. Purified mucus Ig was used to immunize the Balb/C mice, nineteen hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against flounder mucus Ig were obtained by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and three of them designated as 1A-M2, 1C-M10 and 3F-M9 were cloned by limiting dilution. In Western blotting, the three mAbs specifically reacted to the heavy (H) chain of mucus Ig, but not reacted with serum Ig of flounder, whereas mAb 2D8 against serum Ig previously produced could react with the H chain of both mucus and serum Ig, indicating the composition of the mucus and serum Ig H chains was different. Meanwhile, surface Ig positive (sIg+) lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, spleen, skin and gills of healthy flounder, were analyzed by flow cytometry using mAb 1A-M2 and mAb 2D8, and the results revealed that both mAbs were reactive with the sIg+ lymphocytes. The positive reactivity rates for mAb 1A-M2 were 38.64% in the peripheral blood, 23.6% in the spleen, 16.56% in the skin and 6.26% in the gills, while the positive reactivity rates for mAb 2D8 were 48.89%, 33.7%, 15% and 6.02%, respectively, suggesting mucus Ig was similar, but not identical, to serum Ig. These results generated important mucosal immunological information and gave a valuable insight into understanding the mucosal immunity in flounder.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Blotting, Western', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Flounder', 'Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Lymphocytes', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Molecular Weight', 'Mucus', 'Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell']
| 22,209,367
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.418.438'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G02.494'], ['A12.200.503'], ['D12.776.124.790.651.950', 'D12.776.377.715.548.950', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.821']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Spreading behaviour of cultured fibroblasts from carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
|
Cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are more sensitive than normal cells to prolonged exposure to the ionophore monensin. In a cell spreading assay in which cells were preincubated with monensin and subsequently allowed to adhere to and spread on a glass substratum in serum-free medium for 100 min, the mean transformed cell area of normal and DMD cells was 5.97 +/- 0.11 and 5.29 +/- 0.03, respectively. Cultured fibroblasts from carriers of DMD yielded a value of 5.59 +/- 0.03, which is intermediate between, and significantly different from, the values for both normal and DMD cultures. This result would be predicted on the basis of random X-chromosome inactivation in female carriers of this disorder. However, comparison of DMD carrier cell spreading data with data obtained from pooled and summated measurements taken from separate experiments using either normal or DMD fibroblasts suggest a more complex situation. Examination of the variance of the means of cell area for the true carrier population and the summated normal and DMD population provides evidence suggesting that some form of cellular interaction may occur between the two cell genotypes in culture.
|
['Cell Adhesion', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Fibroblasts', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Monensin', 'Muscular Dystrophies', 'Skin']
| 3,667,711
|
[['G04.022'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.329.228'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.312.600'], ['C05.651.534.500', 'C10.668.491.175.500', 'C16.320.577'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
JNK phosphorylation of Bim-related members of the Bcl2 family induces Bax-dependent apoptosis.
|
The c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) is activated when cells are exposed to environmental stress, including UV radiation. Gene disruption studies demonstrate that JNK is essential for UV-stimulated apoptosis mediated by the mitochondrial pathway by a Bax/Bak-dependent mechanism. Here, we demonstrate that JNK phosphorylates two members of the BH3-only subgroup of Bcl2-related proteins (Bim and Bmf) that are normally sequestered by binding to dynein and myosin V motor complexes. Phosphorylation by JNK causes release from the motor complexes. These proapoptotic BH3-only proteins therefore provide a molecular link between the JNK signal transduction pathway and the Bax/Bak-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic machinery.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Bcl-2-Like Protein 11', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mitochondria', 'Models, Biological', 'Neurons', 'Phosphorylation', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Signal Transduction', 'Threonine', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 12,591,950
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D12.644.360.075.323', 'D12.776.476.075.323', 'D12.776.543.116', 'D12.776.624.664.700.025'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['E05.599.395'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.800'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.125.142.815', 'D12.125.154.900'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of the H5?OC4 intramolecular hydrogen-bond (IHB) on the antioxidative activity of flavonoid.
|
Flavonoids widely found in natural foods are characterized by acting as antioxidants compounds. There are close relationship between the antiradical activities and structural properties of flavonoids. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) methods were applied to investigate the influence of the H5?OC4 intramolecular hydrogen-bond (IHB) on the antiradical activity of flavonoid based on three prevalently accepted radical scavenging mechanisms: hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), single electron transfer-proton transfer (SET-PT) and sequential proton-loss electron-transfer (SPLET). The thermodynamic properties: bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), ionization potential (IP), proton dissociation enthalpy (PDE), proton affinity (PA) and electron transfer enthalpy (ETE) related with these mechanisms were calculated to elucidate the antiradical activity. The results showed that the 5-OH group is most influenced and its antiradical capacity was weakened by the H5?OC4 IHB. In the gas, benzene and chloroform phases, H5?OC4 IHB would reduce the antiradical activity of flavonoid via increasing the bond dissociation enthalpy. While, in the DMSO and H2O phases, the opposite result occurs by lowering the proton affinity.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Electron Transport', 'Flavonoids', 'Free Radicals', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Thermodynamics']
| 30,669,059
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['G02.282'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Who Really Wins? Efficacy of a Croatian Youth Gambling Prevention Program.
|
This paper reports on the development and pilot evaluation of a Croatian school-based youth gambling prevention program "Who really wins?". The program is aimed at minimizing risk and enhancing protective factors related to youth gambling. A short-term evaluation of the program was conducted with a sample of 190 first and second year high-school students (67.6% boys, aged 14-17 years; average age 15.61). An experimental design with two groups (Training vs. No Training) and two measurement sessions (pre-test and post-test sessions) was used to evaluate change in problem gambling awareness, cognitive distortions, knowledge of the nature of random events as well as in social skills. Results showed significant changes in the post-test sessions, which can be attributed to changes in the Training group. We observed a decrease in risk factors, namely better knowledge about gambling and less gambling related cognitive distortions. Immediate effects on protective factors such as problem solving skills, refusal skills, and general self-efficacy were not observed. Findings also show program effects to be the same for both boys and girls, students from different types of schools, for those with different learning aptitudes, as well as for those at different risk levels with regard to their gambling, which speaks in favour of the program's universality. The program had no iatrogenic effects on behaviour change and shows promise as an effective tool for youth gambling prevention. Future research and a long-term evaluation are needed to determine whether the observed changes are also linked to behavioural change.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adolescent Behavior', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Croatia', 'Female', 'Gambling', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Program Evaluation', 'School Health Services', 'Schools', 'Self Efficacy', 'Students']
| 28,108,811
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.022'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['Z01.542.248.295'], ['F01.145.722.408', 'F03.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['N02.421.726.809'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['M01.848']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Intracellular Fate of Nanoparticles with Polydopamine Surface Engineering and a Novel Strategy for Exocytosis-Inhibiting, Lysosome Impairment-Based Cancer Therapy.
|
Polydopamine (PDA) coating as a bioinspired strategy for nanoparticles (NPs) has been extensively applied in cancer theranostics. However, a cellular-level understanding of nano-biointeraction of these PDA-coated NPs (PDNPs), which drives the fate of them and acts as a critical step to determine their efficacy, still remains unknown. Herein, we utilized the representative mesoporous silica NPs (MSNs) to be coated with PDA and study their nano-bioactivities in cancer cells. HeLa cell line was utilized as a model in this study. The PDNPs were discovered to be internalized through three specific pathways, that is, Caveolae-, Arf6-dependent endocytosis, and Rab34-mediated macropinocytosis (55%, 20% and 37% of uptake inhibition by nystatin, Arf6 knockdown, and rottlerin, respectively). Autophagy-mediated accumulation of PDNPs in lysosomes was observed and the formed PDA shells shedded in the lysosomes. Almost 40% of the NPs were transported out of cells via Rab8/10- and Rab3/26-mediated exocytosis pathways at our tested level. On the basis of these results, a novel combined cancer treatment strategy was further proposed using drug-loaded MSNs-PDA by (i) utilizing naturally intracellular mechanism-controlled PDA shedding for organelle-targeted release of drugs in lysosomes to generate lysosome impairment and (ii) blocking the demonstrated exocytosis pathways for enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Drug Carriers', 'Endocytosis', 'Exocytosis', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Lysosomes', 'Mice', 'Nanoparticles', 'Neoplasms', 'Pinocytosis', 'Polymers', 'Silicon Dioxide']
| 29,058,908
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['G04.417'], ['G04.468'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['C04'], ['G04.417.370'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Modification of the saccharide structures of orosomucoid in rats stimulated by treatment with phenobarbital].
|
The administration of phenobarbital (80 mg/kg body weight for 3 days) increased the plasma orosomucoid level with dramatic alterations in the relative proportions of heteroglycans. A crossed immunoaffinoelectrophoresis with Con A revealed an increase of strongly reactive fractions with a concomitant decrease of non and weakly reactive fractions.
|
['Animals', 'Concanavalin A', 'Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional', 'Male', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Orosomucoid', 'Phenobarbital', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 3,933,771
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350.350.350', 'E05.196.401.568.520', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350.350.350', 'E05.301.300.568.520', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350.350.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350.350.350'], ['D09.698.629'], ['D12.776.124.050.600', 'D12.776.124.790.106.640', 'D12.776.377.715.085.640', 'D12.776.395.560.742'], ['D03.383.742.698.253.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The aberrancy of immunophenotype and immunoglobulin status as indicators of prognosis in B cell diffuse large cell lymphoma.
|
To assess the prognostic significance of the immunophenotype in diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL), 105 DLCL patients were studied between 1978 and 1987 using a panel of 40 monoclonal antibodies applied to frozen tissue. Eighty-three patients were found to have B cell phenotypes, and 20 patients had T cell phenotypes. Focusing on markers relevant to clinical outcome among B cell LCL showed that lack of expression of the pan B antigens Leu14 and Leu16 were correlated with decreased survival (Leu14, P = 0.01; Leu16, P = 0.06; log-rank). HLA-DR activity also showed that lack of expression of this antigen correlated with poor survival (P = 0.004, log-rank). Kappa light chain immunoglobulin lack of expression showed predictive value for decreased survival as well (P = 0.005, log-rank). Multivariate analyses of known clinically important variables and the immune phenotypes confirm that the loss of HLA-DR and B cell aberrancy are independent factors predicting a poor clinical outcome. Losing some B activation/kappa antigens appears to be a broad biologic phenomenon linking surface antigen lack of expression with decreased survival. This suggests that aberrancy of immunophenotype and immunoglobulin status are key predictors of survival in B-LCL.
|
['Antigens, Surface', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Female', 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Immunoglobulin Light Chains', 'Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains', 'Lymphoma', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Phenotype', 'Prognosis', 'Statistics as Topic', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 3,140,668
|
[['D23.050.301'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750.530', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750.530', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750.530'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['E01.789.625'], ['G05.695'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Which landmark results in a more consistent diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus, the gastric folds or the palisade vessels?
|
BACKGROUND: The endoscopic landmark used to diagnose Barrett's esophagus differs between Japanese and Western endoscopists.OBJECTIVE: To compare the degree of diagnostic variation in results achieved by Japanese endoscopists when using the palisade vessels as a landmark of the distal esophagus and when using the gastric folds; interobserver diagnostic concordance was evaluated.DESIGN: Eighty-four endoscopists classified 30 patients with Barrett's esophagus by viewing projected endoscopic photographs. The endoscopists were asked to identify the distal end of the esophagus, first by using the Japanese criteria and later by using the gastric folds after an explanation of the Prague C&M Criteria. Endoscopists were divided into groups according to years in practice as an endoscopist, presence or absence of board certification from the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, and whether they had taken any special endoscopic training courses on GERD. The kappa coefficient of reliability was calculated for each group.RESULTS: The initial overall kappa value for all the endoscopists for the identification of the distal end of the esophagus was only 0.14, an unacceptably low value of concordance over and above chance agreement. The length of experience with diagnostic endoscopy, board license, or special training had no impact on the level of concordance. After an explanation of the C&M Criteria, however, there was a statistically significant improvement in the diagnostic concordance.CONCLUSIONS: The upper end of the gastric folds, as used in C&M Criteria, may be a more suitable landmark than the palisade vessels for identifying the distal end of the esophagus by endoscopy.
|
['Barrett Esophagus', 'Clinical Competence', 'Endoscopy, Digestive System', 'Esophagogastric Junction', 'Humans', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 16,860,070
|
[['C04.834.154', 'C06.405.117.102'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['E01.370.372.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250', 'E04.210.240', 'E04.502.250.250'], ['A03.556.875.500.414', 'A03.556.875.875.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fatal systemic morbillivirus infection in bottlenose dolphin, canary islands, Spain.
|
A systemic morbillivirus infection was diagnosed postmortem in a juvenile bottlenose dolphin stranded in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean in 2005. Sequence analysis of a conserved fragment of the morbillivirus phosphoprotein gene indicated that the virus is closely related to dolphin morbillivirus recently reported in striped dolphins in the Mediterranean Sea.
|
['Animals', 'Bottle-Nosed Dolphin', 'Female', 'Morbillivirus', 'Morbillivirus Infections', 'Phylogeny', 'Spain', 'Viral Proteins']
| 24,447,792
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.267.100'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.650.500'], ['C01.925.782.580.600.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Chlordiazepoxide concentrations in saliva and plasma measured by radioimmunoassay.
|
A new, sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) for chlordiazepoxide was used to determine concentrations of the drug in microsamples of saliva and plasma obtained from subjects following intravenous and oral administration of the drug. Saliva and plasma concentrations of the drug were highly correlated (r = 0.95) and the saliva/plasma ratio had a mean value of about 0.03. Saliva levels of chlordiazepoxide were found to be equal to the concentration of unbound drug in the plasma. Drug half-lives determined from both plasma and saliva concentration-time curves were found to be equivalent.
|
['Chlordiazepoxide', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Saliva', 'Time Factors']
| 7,367,755
|
[['D03.633.100.079.080.150'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['A12.200.666'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of a novel polyomavirus isolated from a fibroma on the trunk of an African elephant (Loxodonta africana).
|
Viruses of the family Polyomaviridae infect a wide variety of avian and mammalian hosts with a broad spectrum of outcomes including asymptomatic infection, acute systemic disease, and tumor induction. In this study a novel polyomavirus, the African elephant polyomavirus 1 (AelPyV-1) found in a protruding hyperplastic fibrous lesion on the trunk of an African elephant (Loxodonta africana) was characterized. The AelPyV-1 genome is 5722 bp in size and is one of the largest polyomaviruses characterized to date. Analysis of the AelPyV-1 genome reveals five putative open-reading frames coding for the classic small and large T antigens in the early region, and the VP1, VP2 and VP3 capsid proteins in the late region. In the area preceding the VP2 start codon three putative open-reading frames, possibly coding for an agnoprotein, could be localized. A regulatory, non-coding region separates the 2 coding regions. Unique for polyomaviruses is the presence of a second 854 bp long non-coding region between the end of the early region and the end of the late region. Based on maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of the large T antigen of the AelPyV-1 and 61 other polyomavirus sequences, AelPyV-1 clusters within a heterogeneous group of polyomaviruses that have been isolated from bats, new world primates and rodents.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Viral, Tumor', 'Capsid Proteins', 'DNA, Viral', 'Elephants', 'Fibroma', 'Genome, Viral', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Phylogeny', 'Polyomavirus', 'Polyomavirus Infections', 'Tumor Virus Infections']
| 24,205,012
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.285.062', 'D23.050.327.062'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.550'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.833.249'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.340'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B04.280.210.700.615', 'B04.613.204.670.615'], ['C01.925.256.721'], ['C01.925.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intake of total cruciferous vegetable and its contents of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates, glutathione S
|
Cruciferous vegetables contain high levels of glucosinolates (GSL) and isothiocyanates (ITC). ITC are known to induce glutathione S-transferases (GST) and thus exert their anticarcinogenic effects. This study explored the combined effects of cruciferous vegetable, GSL and ITC intake and GST polymorphisms on breast cancer risk. A total of 737 breast cancer cases and 756 controls were recruited into this case-control study. OR and 95 % CI were assessed by multivariable logistic regression. Higher cruciferous vegetable, GSL and ITC intakes were inversely associated with breast cancer risk, with adjusted OR of 0·48 (95 % CI 0·35, 0·65), 0·54 (95 % CI 0·40, 0·74) and 0·62 (95 % CI 0·45, 0·84), respectively. Compared with women carrying the GSTP1 rs1695 wild AA genotype and high cruciferous vegetable, GSL or ITC intake, carriers of the AA genotype with low cruciferous vegetable, GSL and ITC intake had greater risk of breast cancer, with adjusted OR of 1·43 (95 % CI 1·01, 1·87), 1·34 (95 % CI 1·02, 1·75) and 1·37 (95 % CI 1·05, 1·80), respectively. Persons with the GSTM1-null genotype and lower intake of cruciferous vegetables, GSL and ITC had higher risk of breast cancer than those with the GSTM1-present genotype and higher intake, with OR of 1·42 (95 % CI 1·04, 1·95), 1·43 (95 % CI 1·05, 1·96) and 1·45 (95 % CI 1·06, 1·98), respectively. Among women possessing the GSTT1-present genotype, low intake of cruciferous vegetables, GSL or ITC was associated with higher risk of breast cancer. But these interactions were non-significant. This study indicated that there were no significant interactions between cruciferous vegetable, GSL or ITC intake and GST polymorphisms on breast cancer risk.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Glucosinolates', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Humans', 'Isothiocyanates', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Risk Factors', 'Vegetables']
| 32,308,174
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['D02.886.740.703.350', 'D09.408.348.820.350', 'D09.408.903.703.350'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.500.375', 'D02.886.250'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Transplacental transport of paracetamol and its phase II metabolites using the ex vivo placenta perfusion model.
|
In Europe, 50-60% of pregnant women uses paracetamol (PCM), also known as acetaminophen. While it was considered to be safe, recent studies have shown an association between prenatal exposure to PCM and increased incidences of autism, cryptorchidism, asthma and ADHD. In this study the transplacental transfer of PCM and its metabolites was investigated using an ex vivo human placenta perfusion model (closed circuit; n = 38). Maternal-to-foetal (M-F) and foetal-to-maternal (F-M) transplacental transfer was determined at a concentration correlating with the maximum and steady state concentration in normal clinical use. Antipyrine (AP) was added as reference compound. Samples of the foetal and maternal perfusion medium were taken until 210 (PCM) or 360 min (paracetamol sulphate (PCM-S) and paracetamol glucuronide (PCM-G). PCM and AP concentrations reached an equilibrium between foetal and maternal compartments within the duration of the perfusion experiment and irrespective of the transfer direction. The percentage placental transfer of PCM was 45% (M-F and F-M). For PCM-S, transfer was 39% (M-F) and 28% (F-M), while the PCM-G transfer was 34% (M-F) and 25% (F-M). During placenta perfusions with the metabolites slight conversion (3.5-4.1%) to PCM was observed. In conclusion, PCM crosses the placental barrier rapidly via passive diffusion. Differences in flow rate and villous placental structure explain the significantly faster M-F transfer than F-M transfer of PCM. The larger and more hydrophilic molecules PCM-S and PCM-G cross the placenta at a significantly lower rate. Moreover, their F-M transport is about 40% slower than M-F transport, suggesting involvement of a transporter.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Fetus', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Maternal-Fetal Exchange', 'Perfusion', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy']
| 30,849,458
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A16.378'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['G08.686.784.769.455'], ['E05.680'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
B and T Cell Epitope-Based Peptides Predicted from Evolutionarily Conserved and Whole Protein Sequences of Ebola Virus as Vaccine Targets.
|
Ebola virus (EBV) has become a serious threat to public health. Different approaches were applied to predict continuous and discontinuous B cell epitopes as well as T cell epitopes from the sequence-based and available three-dimensional structural analyses of each protein of EBV. Peptides '(79) VPSATKRWGFRSGVPP(94) ' from GP1 and '(515) LHYWTTQDEGAAIGLA(530) ' from GP2 of Ebola were found to be the consensus peptidic sequences predicted as linear B cell epitope of which the latter contains a region (519) TTQDEG(524) that fulfilled all the criteria of accessibility, hydrophilicity, flexibility and beta turn region for becoming an ideal B cell epitope. Different nonamers as T cell epitopes were obtained that interacted with different numbers of MHC class I and class II alleles with a binding affinity of <100 nm. Interestingly, these alleles also bound to the MHC class I alleles mostly prevalent in African and South Asian regions. Of these, 'LANETTQAL' and 'FLYDRLAST' nonamers were predicted to be the most potent T cell epitopes and they, respectively, interacted with eight and twelve class I alleles that covered 63.79% and 54.16% of world population, respectively. These nonamers were found to be the core sequences of 15mer peptides that interacted with the most common class II allele, HLA-DRB1*01:01. They were further validated for their binding to specific class I alleles using docking technique. Thus, these predicted epitopes may be used as vaccine targets against EBV and can be validated in model hosts to verify their efficacy as vaccine.
|
['Africa', 'Asia', 'Computational Biology', 'Computer Simulation', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Ebola Vaccines', 'Ebolavirus', 'Epitope Mapping', 'Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte', 'Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Gene Frequency', 'HLA Antigens', 'HLA-DRB1 Chains', 'Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola', 'Humans', 'Protein Binding', 'Viral Envelope Proteins']
| 26,939,891
|
[['Z01.058'], ['Z01.252'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D20.215.894.899.205'], ['B04.820.480.937.300.200'], ['E05.478.274', 'E05.601.690.300'], ['D23.050.550.395'], ['D23.050.550.402'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.330'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440.200.010', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440.200.010', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440.200.010', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440.333.500', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440.200.010', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440.333.500'], ['C01.925.782.417.415', 'C01.925.782.580.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D09.400.430.968', 'D12.776.395.550.993', 'D12.776.543.550.993', 'D12.776.964.970.880']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Optimal Settings for the Noncontact Holmium:YAG Stone Fragmentation Popcorn Technique.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the popcorn technique using a wide range of holmium laser settings and fiber sizes in a systematic in vitro assessment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Evaluations were done with 4 artificial stones in a collection tube. A fixed ureteroscope was inserted through a ureteral access sheath to provide constant irrigation flow and the laser was placed 1 mm from the bottom. Combinations of 0.5 to 1.5 J, 10 to 20 and 40 Hz, and long and short pulses were tested for 2 and 4 minutes. We used 273 and 365 ìm laser fibers. All tests were repeated 3 times. The stones were weighed before and after the experiments to evaluate the setting efficiency. Significant predictors of a highly efficient technique were assessed.RESULTS: A total of 144 tests were performed. Mean starting weight of the stones was 0.23 gm, which was consistent among the groups. After the experiment the median weight difference was 0.07 gm (range 0.01 to 0.24). When designating a 50% reduction in stone volume as the threshold indicating high efficiency, the significant predictors of an efficient popcorn technique were a long pulse (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.05-7.15), a longer duration (OR 11.4, 95% CI 3.88-33.29), a small (273 ìm) laser fiber (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.08-0.70) and higher power (W) (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.09-1.20).CONCLUSIONS: Higher energy, a longer pulse, frequencies higher than 10 Hz, a longer duration and a smaller laser fiber predict a popcorn technique that is more efficient at reducing stone volume.
|
['Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Kidney Calculi', 'Lasers, Solid-State', 'Lithotripsy, Laser', 'Models, Biological']
| 28,442,384
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['C12.777.419.600.500', 'C12.777.967.249.500', 'C12.777.967.500.503', 'C13.351.968.419.600.500', 'C13.351.968.967.249.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.503', 'C23.300.175.850.550'], ['E07.632.490.490', 'E07.710.520.490'], ['E02.594.550', 'E02.600.500', 'E04.014.520.550', 'E04.943.500.500'], ['E05.599.395']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The future of the orthopaedic clinician-scientist. Part I: The potential role of MD-PhD students considering orthopaedic surgery.
|
BACKGROUND: There is currently a severe shortage of clinician-scientists, who fill a vital role in musculoskeletal care. One way to address this shortage is to recruit more MD-PhD students into orthopaedics. We analyzed data from a national survey of MD-PhD students to assess this potential.METHODS: A total of 868 students from thirteen MD-PhD training programs were requested to fill out a multiple-choice online survey concerning their education and future goals.RESULTS: We achieved a response rate of 56.7% (492 of 868). Seven (1.4%) of the 492 respondents listed orthopaedics as their primary clinical interest, and thirty (6.1%) listed it as one of their three strongest clinical interests. Among the thirty respondents, seven (23%) were senior students, five (17%) were women, and none were minorities. In comparison, 33% of the 462 respondents in the nonorthopaedic cohort were women and 12.1% were a member of a minority group (p < 0.05). Among twenty-three students who had a secondary orthopaedic interest, only one-third had a primary surgical interest. Both the thirty with a strong clinical interest in orthopaedics and the others without a strong interest in orthopaedics showed similar intent on becoming physician-scientists (a score of 2.73 and 3.30, respectively) and an interest in an academic career (90.0% and 90.3%, respectively) (p > 0.05 for both). The orthopaedic group showed significantly greater interest in clinical care as a primary activity than did the nonorthopaedic group (63.3% compared with 30.7%; p < 0.0005). Eighty-seven percent of those in the orthopaedic group reported research as their most likely primary or secondary activity.CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that there is a relatively strong interest in orthopaedic surgery (patient care and research) among MD-PhD students nationally, creating the potential to recruit approximately 100 new orthopaedic clinician-scientists every eight years (the average MD-PhD training period). Extrapolation indicates that there is the ability to double the number of orthopaedic clinician-scientists in the United States over the next fifty years. Therefore, efforts should be made to attract these students (especially women and those in underrepresented minority groups) to orthopaedic surgery. The study further suggests recruiting broadly-we should not be biased toward students late in training and just those with surgical interests.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Biomedical Research', 'Career Choice', 'Education, Graduate', 'Education, Medical', 'Female', 'Goals', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Orthopedics', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Students, Medical', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States', 'Workforce']
| 18,676,927
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['H01.770.644.145'], ['F02.463.785.373.346.400'], ['I02.358.337'], ['I02.358.399'], ['F01.658.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.810.494'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['M01.848.769.602'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
FMOxFMO: Elucidating Excitonic Interactions in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson Complex with the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method.
|
In order to study F?rster resonance energy transfer (FRET), the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method is extended to compute electronic couplings between local excitations via the excited state transition density model, enabling efficient calculations of nonlocal excitations in a large molecular system and overcoming the previous limitation of being able to compute only local excitations. The results of these simple but accurate models are validated against full quantum calculations without fragmentation. The developed method is applied to a very important photosynthetic pigment-protein complex, the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex (FMOc), that is responsible for the energy transfer from a chlorosome to the reaction center in the green sulfur bacteria. Absorption and circular dichroism spectra of FMOc are simulated, and the role of the molecular environment on the excitations is revealed.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacteriochlorophyll A', 'Chlorobi', 'Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer', 'Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes', 'Models, Molecular', 'Quantum Theory']
| 31,841,349
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D12.776.752.249.500'], ['B03.250'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676.500', 'G01.154.240.280', 'G02.111.255.280'], ['D05.500.562.488.490', 'D08.811.600.710.490', 'D12.776.543.930.500.490', 'D12.776.765.199.750.750.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['H01.671.579.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Simple methods for demonstration of epoxy resins of bisphenol A type.
|
Low molecular weight oligomers of epoxy resins of bisphenol A type are common sensitizers. For demonstrating the presence of sensitizing oligomers of these resins, two simple methods are described. The first one, a colour reaction, demonstrates the presence of the bisphenol A skeleton. If this test is positive, thin-layer chromatography is carried out to demonstrate the presence of low molecular weight oligomers of epoxy resins. Some practical applications are reported.
|
['Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Dermatitis, Contact', 'Epoxy Resins', 'Filtration', 'Humans', 'Phenols']
| 668,339
|
[['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['C17.800.174.255', 'C17.800.815.255'], ['D05.750.716.822.461', 'D25.720.716.822.461', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.461'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oxidized LDL attenuates apoptosis in monocytic cells by activating ERK signaling.
|
Low concentrations of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) are cytoprotective for phagocytes, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated signaling pathways used by OxLDL to attenuate apoptosis in monocytic cells. OxLDL at 25-50 mug/ml inhibited staurosporine-induced apoptosis in THP-1 cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages, and it was cytoprotective in human primary monocytes upon serum withdrawal. Attenuated cell demise was reversed by blocking extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Translocation of cytochrome c to the cytosol was attenuated by OxLDL, which again demanded ERK signaling. Analysis of Bcl-2 family proteins revealed phosphorylation of Bad at serine 112 as well as ERK-dependent inhibition of Mcl-1 degradation. Although the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an established signal generated by OxLDL, ROS scavengers did not interfere with cell protection by OxLDL. Thus, activation of the ERK signaling pathway by OxLDL is important to protect phagocytes from apoptosis.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Caspases', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytochromes c', 'Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases', 'Humans', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Macrophages, Peritoneal', 'Monocytes', 'Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'bcl-Associated Death Protein']
| 17,890,680
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.244.286.100', 'D12.776.422.220.286.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249', 'D12.644.360.450.169', 'D12.776.476.450.169'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['A11.329.372.630', 'A11.627.482.630', 'A11.733.397.630', 'A15.382.670.522.630', 'A15.382.680.397.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.984', 'D12.776.476.075.718.968', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169.500'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.100', 'D12.776.476.075.718.100', 'D12.776.744.049']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dark H2 fermentation from sucrose and xylose using H2-producing indigenous bacteria: feasibility and kinetic studies.
|
Cellulosic materials are the major components in biomass feedstock used for bioenergy production. Hydrolytic products of cellulosic substances consist primarily of hexose (e.g., glucose) and pentose (e.g., xylose). In this study, the efficiency of fermentative conversion of sucrose (representing hexose) and xylose into H2 was examined with seven H2-producing pure strains isolated from a high-rate H2-producing system in our recent work. The isolates were identified as Clostridium butyricum (strains CGS2 and CGS5), Clostridium pasteurianum (strains CH1, CH4, CH5, and CH7), and Klebsiella sp. Batch H2 fermentation shows that only Cl. butyricum and Klebsiella sp. strains could utilize xylose for H2 production, while all of them can grow and produce H2 on sucrose. Among all strains examined, Cl. butyricum CGS5 was the best H2 producer on xylose with the highest H2 production rate and yield of 212.5 ml/h/l and 0.73 mol H2/mol xylose, respectively, taking place at 20 g COD/l of xylose. In contrast, Cl. pasteurianum CH4 was most efficient in converting sucrose to H2; the highest H2 production rate (569 ml/h/l) and yield (2.07 mol H2/mol hexose) were obtained at a sucrose concentration of 40 g COD/l. The substrate preference of the H2-producing isolates was consistent with the bacterial community structure that existed in the bioreactor, showing that Cl. butyricum and Cl. pasteurianum were predominant in the cultures grown on xylose and sucrose, respectively. Irrespective of the carbon substrate used, butyrate and acetate were the predominant soluble metabolites. Shake-flask cultures displayed higher H2 productivity over static ones, indicating the importance of efficient mass transfer for H2 production. The dependence of cell growth and H2 production on carbon substrate concentration could be described by the proposed kinetic models with good agreements.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Bioreactors', 'Clostridium', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Fermentation', 'Hydrogen', 'Kinetics', 'Klebsiella', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sucrose', 'Xylose']
| 17,889,245
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['B03.300.390.400.200', 'B03.353.625.375.500', 'B03.510.415.400.200'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B03.440.450.425.425', 'B03.660.250.150.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770'], ['D09.947.875.627.867']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Selenium renal homeostasis is impaired in patients receiving long-term total parenteral nutrition.
|
Selenium deficiency has been reported previously in patients receiving long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) without selenium supplementation in their solutions. The recommended dietary allowance for selenium is 0.87 microgram/kg, of which 80% is absorbed. We studied 28 adult long-term TPN patients aged 21 to 79 years (mean, 51.2 +/- 3.0 years) who have received TPN for 8.3 +/- 4.4 years. They receive 40 to 60 micrograms of selenium daily in their TPN solution. Twenty-one (75%) of 28 patients had low serum selenium levels. Of the patients with low serum selenium levels, 15 (73%) had elevated urinary selenium losses. However, no significant correlation between serum or urine selenium levels and glomerular filtration rate (measured by indium-111-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid clearance) or renal tubular function was observed. We conclude that the previously described renal homeostatic mechanism for selenium conservation may be significantly impaired in patients receiving long-term TPN. Such patients may require much larger doses of selenium than previously recommended. Therefore, patients receiving long-term TPN should have their serum selenium level monitored even though they receive daily selenium supplementation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parenteral Nutrition, Total', 'Selenium']
| 8,064,998
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.421.505.575', 'E02.642.500.505.750'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Older women: victims of rape.
|
Older female rape victims usually live alone, are raped by strangers, experience physical force and injury, and also are robbed. Rape trauma syndrome, a nursing diagnosis, consists of an acute phase of disorganization, and a long-term phase of reorganization of the victim's lifestyle. Rape victims experience emotional, physical, and cognitive reactions to the trauma of rape. Nursing actions can include providing specific interventions to victims during the acute phase, identifying victims during routine exams, referring victims for ongoing counseling, conducting community education programs on primary prevention and available services, and participating in longitudinal rape studies.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Nursing Diagnosis', 'Rape', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 8,491,962
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.233.508.480.110'], ['I01.198.240.748.640', 'I01.198.240.856.744', 'I01.880.735.900.772'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hydrochemical characteristics and quality assessment of groundwater from fractured Albian carbonaceous shale aquifers around Enyigba-Ameri, southeastern Nigeria.
|
Enyigba-Ameri area is known for its Pb-Zn mining activities and the mine water is usually discharged directly into nearby streams and surface runoff. In order to determine the impacts of mining activities on the quality of water in the area and the general hydrochemical characteristics, field measurements and laboratory tests were carried out on water samples collected from the area. Field measurements and laboratory analyses of physicochemical parameters were determined using standard methods. In addition to the multivariate analyses (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) and ANOVA analysis, ionic cross-plots were used to determine the groundwater physicochemical characteristics and geochemical evolution. From the results, it was observed that Pb4+, Zn2+, Fe2 + & 3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ had a concentration higher than the stipulated guideline values. Three principal components which explained 87.42% of the total dataset were extracted through the data reduction process. Cluster analysis of the hydrochemical data grouped the water samples into three distinct classes. It was observed that the water chemistry is mainly affected by silicate minerals weathering, carbonate weathering, and base ion exchange processes in descending order. ANOVA analysis showed that Zn2+, Fe2 + & 3+, and Mg2+ had mean values that significantly differed from each other based on the sources of the samples. The Wilcox diagram revealed 4 classes of irrigation water types and the irrigation water quality indices showed that the groundwater in the area is not generally suitable for irrigation purposes.
|
['Agricultural Irrigation', 'Carbonates', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Groundwater', 'Ion Exchange', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Minerals', 'Mining', 'Nigeria', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Quality']
| 30,715,614
|
[['J01.040.044'], ['D01.045.125', 'D01.200.275.150', 'D01.248.497.158.165'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['G01.311.355'], ['G02.437'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['D01.578'], ['J01.576.655.875.500'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.460.350.080.750', 'N06.850.460.790.730']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
PD-L1 and PD-L2 Are Differentially Expressed by Macrophages or Tumor Cells in Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg Type.
|
As checkpoint molecules' inhibition may represent a therapeutic option in relapsing cases, we assessed programmed death ligands' (PD-L1/PD-L2) expression in a series of 29 primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg-type (PCDLBCL-LT) cases. Double immunostaining for either PD-L1 or PD-L2 was associated either with PAX5 staining to evaluate tumor cells or with CD68 or CD163 staining for macrophages. The microenvironment of PCDLBCL-LT was characterized by immunostainings for CD3 (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes), FOXP3 (regulatory T cells), programmed cell death-1, and CD33 (myeloid-derived suppressor cells). The 9p24.1 locus encoding for PD-L1/PD-L2 was evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. A PD-L1 expression was observed in all cases. However, double staining with PD-L1/PAX5 identified only 1 case harboring PD-L1 expression by tumor cells. All cases displayed PD-L1 expression by numerous immune cells, characterized as CD68 CD163 M2 macrophages. A normal fluorescence in situ hybridization pattern was observed in 21 of 26 cases. Three cases (11.5%) harbored a low polysomy status including the case with PD-L1 expression by tumor cells. Interestingly, 2 cases (7.7%) exhibited a PD-L1/PD-L2 locus break-apart pattern, and PD-L2 expression by tumor cells was observed. PD-L2 expression by tumor cells was not observed in the 24 cases without 9p24.1 rearrangement. Treating patients with relapsing PCDLBCL-LT by using immune checkpoint inhibitors may have an indirect effect through immune cells, except in rare cases with 9p24.1 rearrangement leading to PD-L2 expression by tumor cells. Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages with anticancer therapies is appealing in such lymphoma subtypes wherein M2 macrophages represent the majority of immune cells.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic', 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Female', 'Gene Rearrangement', 'Genetic Loci', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Leg', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'PAX5 Transcription Factor', 'Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Tumor Microenvironment']
| 29,112,015
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264.900', 'D23.101.100.900'], ['D12.776.465.625', 'D12.776.467.150.300', 'D12.776.543.095.300', 'D23.050.301.285.400', 'D23.529.168.300'], ['D23.101.140'], ['G05.344'], ['G05.360.340.024.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.585', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.585', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.585'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.260.645.500', 'D12.776.930.700.500'], ['D12.776.465.829', 'D12.776.467.150.800', 'D12.776.543.095.800', 'D23.050.301.285.800', 'D23.529.168.800'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['G04.366.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of purmorphamine on osteoblast phenotype expression of human bone marrow mesenchymal cells cultured on titanium.
|
Purmorphamine is a new molecule with osteogenesis-inducing activity in multipotent progenitor cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether purmorphamine maintains its osteogenic potential on human bone marrow mesenchymal cells cultured on commercially pure titanium (cpTi). Cells were cultured either in the absence or presence of purmorphamine 3 microm on cpTi in supplemented alpha-MEM. At 7, 14, and 21 days, cell proliferation, viability, total protein content, collagen content, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were evaluated. Bone-like nodule formation was evaluated at 21 days. All experiments were done in quintuplicate and data were compared by ANOVA or t-test. Purmorphamine did not affect cell proliferation (p = 0.619), viability (p = 0.831), and collagen content (p = 0.088). Total protein content (p = 0.047), ALP activity (p = 0.001), and bone-like nodule formation (p = 0.002) were increased by purmorphamine. The present results indicate that events related to osteoblast differentiation, including increased ALP activity and bone-like nodule formation, are enhanced by purmorphamine in the presence of cpTi. It means that this molecule could be useful as an adjunct therapy to improve the osseointegration of the implants in the fields of dentistry and orthopaedics.
|
['Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Humans', 'Materials Testing', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Morpholines', 'Osseointegration', 'Osteoblasts', 'Purines', 'Titanium']
| 15,683,647
|
[['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.570'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['G11.427.213.140.570', 'G16.762.150.150.570'], ['A11.329.629'], ['D03.633.100.759'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pulmonary vascular abnormalities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing lung transplant.
|
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the structure and function relationships of pulmonary vessels in the most severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) spectrum. We investigated morphometric, cellular, and physiologic characteristics of pulmonary arteries from COPD patients undergoing bilateral lung transplant.METHODS: Seventeen patients with very severe COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second, 24% ± 7%) were assessed using inert gas exchange and pulmonary hemodynamics while breathing ambient air and 100% oxygen. Morphometry, in vitro reactivity to hypoxia, and inflammatory cell counts of pulmonary arteries were measured in explanted lungs.RESULTS: Patients had moderate ventilation-perfusion imbalance along with mild release of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Mild pulmonary hypertension was observed in 7 patients. Explanted lungs had predominant emphysema with mild small airway involvement. In vitro reactivity was modestly altered, with relatively preserved endothelium-dependent relaxation, and vascular remodelling was discrete, with intense CD8+ T lymphocytes infiltrate. In vitro reactivity correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance (on ambient air) and oxygen-induced pulmonary artery pressure changes. Patients with pulmonary hypertension had more severe morphologic and physiologic emphysema.CONCLUSIONS: In end-stage COPD patients undergoing lung transplant, pulmonary vascular involvement is unexpectedly modest, with low-grade endothelial dysfunction. In this sub-set of COPD patients, pulmonary emphysema may constitute the major determinant of the presence of pulmonary hypertension.
|
['CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Lung', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Pulmonary Emphysema', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Vascular Resistance', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 24,263,025
|
[['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['A04.411'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['C08.381.495.389.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G09.330.380.921'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Co-prevalence of carotid stenosis and coronary artery disease in Chinese patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the co-prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and carotid stenosis and to determine predictors related to CAD in Chinese patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), presenting without previously diagnosed or excluded CAD.METHODS: Consecutive patients with PAF were recruited. CAD was evaluated using multislice computed tomography. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery was evaluated via ultrasonography.RESULTS: A total of 62/192 (32.3%) patients had CAD. Carotid stenosis was observed in 26/192 (13.5%) patients. The co-prevalence of carotid stenosis and CAD was 7.8% (15/192). The prevalence of carotid stenosis was 8.5%, 16.7%, 25.0%, and 41.7% in patients with zero-, one-, two-, and three-vessel CAD, respectively. Diabetes mellitus, maximal IMT and hyperhomocysteinaemia were independently related to the presence of CAD.CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CAD was 32.3% in Chinese patients with PAF. Carotid stenosis and CAD co-occurred in 7.8% of patients, and the prevalence of carotid stenosis correlated with the severity of CAD. Screening of carotid stenosis is recommended, especially in patients with PAF and multivessel CAD.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'China', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperhomocysteinemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors']
| 25,231,437
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['E01.370.350.850.150', 'E01.370.370.180', 'G09.330.210'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C16.320.565.100.480', 'C18.452.603.378', 'C18.452.648.100.480', 'C18.654.521.500.133.699.418'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Chronic effects of venlafaxine on synaptophysin and neuronal cell adhesion molecule in the hippocampus of cerebral ischemic mice.
|
Venlafaxine, a novel antidepressant, inhibits serontonin and norepinephrine reuptake in the presynaptic cleft. Unlike typical selective serontonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), venlafaxine may have modulatory effects on nerve terminals and neuronal plasticity. Our preliminary data found that 5 mg.kg-1.d-1 of venlafaxine treatment prevented decreased synaptophysin (SYP) in the hippocampus, which results from chronic restrained stress in the rat model. The present study investigates whether venlafaxine regulates alterations of synaptophysin and neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in a post-stroke depression mouse model. We compared the expression level of SYP and NCAM in the hippocampus of global cerebral ischemic (GCI) mice treated with different doses of venlafaxine using immunohistological and Western blot analysis. Pre-treatment with intraperitoneal injection of venlafaxine (2.5 and 5.0 mg.kg-1.d-1) for 14 days significantly prevented the decrease of SYP in the hilus area of the hippocampus in vehicle-treated GCI mice. NCAM was significantly higher in the hippocampus of vehicle-treated GCI mice, and pretreatment with venlafaxine prevented alterations of NCAM, with the high-dose venlafaxine group comparable with vehicle-sham mice. The results suggest the alteration of neuronal remodeling proteins in the hippocampus may be an underlying mechanism of venlafaxine in treating post-stroke depression.
|
['Animals', 'Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cyclohexanols', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Hippocampus', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors', 'Synaptophysin', 'Time Factors', 'Venlafaxine Hydrochloride']
| 20,651,837
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122.050'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['D02.033.415.510.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318', 'D10.289.510.500'], ['F03.600.300'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.250.520.578', 'D12.776.543.550.200.250.520.578', 'D23.050.301.350.250.520.578'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.850', 'D27.505.519.625.600.850', 'D27.505.519.625.850.900', 'D27.505.696.577.600.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.900'], ['D12.776.543.488.875', 'D12.776.543.990.840', 'D12.776.631.800', 'D23.101.140.800'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.901', 'D02.092.471.683.948', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318.750', 'D10.289.510.500.901']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Osmotic water transport with glucose in GLUT2 and SGLT.
|
Carrier-mediated water cotransport is currently a favored explanation for water movement against an osmotic gradient. The vestibule within the central pore of Na(+)-dependent cotransporters or GLUT2 provides the necessary precondition for an osmotic mechanism, explaining this phenomenon without carriers. Simulating equilibrative glucose inflow via the narrow external orifice of GLUT2 raises vestibular tonicity relative to the external solution. Vestibular hypertonicity causes osmotic water inflow, which raises vestibular hydrostatic pressure and forces water, salt, and glucose into the outer cytosolic layer via its wide endofacial exit. Glucose uptake via GLUT2 also raises oocyte tonicity. Glucose exit from preloaded cells depletes the vestibule of glucose, making it hypotonic and thereby inducing water efflux. Inhibiting glucose exit with phloretin reestablishes vestibular hypertonicity, as it reequilibrates with the cytosolic glucose and net water inflow recommences. Simulated Na(+)-glucose cotransport demonstrates that active glucose accumulation within the vestibule generates water flows simultaneously with the onset of glucose flow and before any flow external to the transporter caused by hypertonicity in the outer cytosolic layers. The molar ratio of water/glucose flow is seen now to relate to the ratio of hydraulic and glucose permeability rather than to water storage capacity of putative water carriers.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Diffusion', 'Glucose', 'Glucose Transporter Type 2', 'Models, Chemical', 'Models, Molecular', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'Pressure', 'Protein Conformation', 'Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins', 'Water']
| 18,234,816
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D12.776.157.530.500.500.750', 'D12.776.157.530.937.563.750', 'D12.776.543.585.500.500.750', 'D12.776.543.585.937.625.750'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.437', 'D12.776.157.530.500.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.562', 'D12.776.543.585.500.750'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of basement membrane antigens in spindle cell melanoma.
|
Spindle cell melanoma (SCM) is an uncommon form of melanoma that may be confused histologically with other tumors, including malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). Tumors with neural differentiation and melanocytic nevi may both show basement membrane immunohistochemically and at the ultrastructural level. However, most ultrastructural studies of melanoma have failed to demonstrate well formed basement membrane around tumor cells. The presence of basement membrane has been used by some authors as evidence favoring MPNST, as opposed to SCM. To evaluate this distinction immunohistochemically, 22 primary and metastatic cutaneous melanomas having a spindle cell component (SCM) were studied using monoclonal antibodies against laminin and Type IV collagen. S100 protein and HMB45 antigen expression were also studied. All but one of the SCM were reactive for S100 protein in at least 25% of the cells. Thirteen of 20 tumors (65%) were focally reactive with HMB45. Laminin was expressed in 42% of the tumors (only membranous pattern in 3; cytoplasmic and membranous in 5). Seventeen tumors (77%) expressed type IV collagen (only membranous pattern in 7; cytoplasmic and membranous pattern in 10). Laminin and type IV collagen, known components of basement membrane, are often found in SCM. Therefore, their detection cannot be used to distinguish SCM from MPNST.
|
['Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Collagen', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Laminin', 'Melanoma', 'Melanoma-Specific Antigens', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'S100 Proteins', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 9,694,618
|
[['D23.050.285'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['D12.776.395.550.530', 'D12.776.543.550.500', 'D12.776.860.300.675'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['D12.776.624.301', 'D23.050.285.439'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.157.125.750', 'D12.776.631.655'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Living apart together-bacterial volatiles influence methanotrophic growth and activity.
|
Volatile organic compounds play an important role in microbial interactions. However, little is known about how volatile-mediated interactions modulate biogeochemical processes. In this study, we show the effect of volatile-mediated interaction on growth and functioning of aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria, grown in co-culture with five different heterotrophs. Both growth and methane oxidation of Methylobacter luteus were stimulated by interaction with specific heterotrophs. In Methylocystis parvus, we observed significant growth promotion, while methane oxidation was inhibited. Volatolomics of the interaction of each of the methanotrophs with Pseudomonas mandelii, revealed presence of a complex blend of volatiles, including dimethylsulfide, dimethyldisulfide, and bicyclic sesquiterpenes. Although the ecological role of the detected compounds remains to be elucidated, our results provide unprecedented insights into interspecific relations and associated volatiles for stimulating methanotroph functioning, which is of substantial environmental and biotechnological significance.
|
['Heterotrophic Processes', 'Methane', 'Methylococcaceae', 'Methylocystaceae', 'Pseudomonas', 'Volatile Organic Compounds']
| 29,382,947
|
[['G02.111.375', 'G03.393'], ['D02.455.326.146.571'], ['B03.440.400.425.500', 'B03.660.250.500'], ['B03.660.050.512'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625', 'B03.660.250.580.590'], ['D02.974']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stratified multivariate analysis of prognostic markers in breast cancer: a preliminary report.
|
Published results using prognostic markers in breast cancer have been very confusing to oncologists, surgeons, and pathologists alike. As a result, there is a wide variation in opinion among oncologists about the utility of these markers in clinical practice. This study was undertaken to determine the utility of stratified multivariate survival analysis in integrating the commonly used prognostic factors into a user-friendly prognostic scheme, and its implication for treatment decision making. 300 women with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who were followed-up for 28-112 months (median 72 months) were entered in the study. Patients with distant metastases, those with bilateral or multifocal tumors, and special types of carcinoma were excluded. Variables included in the stratified multivariate survival analysis were estrogen receptor (ER) status, tumor size, nodal status, histological grade, number of mitotic figures per ten high power fields (MF/10HPF), and type of initial therapy. Data was subjected to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log rank test for statistical significance at different steps of the analysis. Cut-off values for ER that produced a significant difference in survival varied from 9 fmol/mg protein to as high as 76 fmol/mg protein in different patient groups, and MF/10HPF varied from 6 to 21. Patients were stratified into different groups that enabled better evaluation of treatment outcome. Patients could also be combined into three groups with significantly different survival rates (p < 0.0001). Stratified multivariate survival analysis show that prognostic markers a) are interdependent, and their cut-off values vary depending on other tumor characteristics, and b) if used in a systematic way, they can be used to guide treatment decisions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Prognosis', 'Receptors, Estrogen']
| 9,137,503
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A Boltzmann filter improves the prediction of RNA folding pathways in a massively parallel genetic algorithm.
|
RNA folding using the massively parallel genetic algorithm (GA) has been enhanced by the addition of a Boltzmann filter. The filter uses the Boltzmann probability distribution in conjunction with Metropolis' relaxation algorithm. The combination of these two concepts within the GA's massively parallel computational environment helps guide the genetic algorithm to more accurately reflect RNA folding pathways and thus final solution structures. Helical regions (base-paired stems) now form in the structures based upon the stochastic properties of the thermodynamic parameters that have been determined from experiments. Thus, structural changes occur based upon the relative energetic impact that the change causes rather than just geometric conflicts alone. As a result, when comparing the predictions to phylogenetically determined structures, over multiple runs, fewer false-positive stems (predicted incorrectly) and more true-positive stems (predicted correctly) are generated, and the total number of predicted stems representing a solution is diminished. In addition, the significance (rate of occurrence) of the true-positive stems is increased. Thus, the predicted results more accurately reflect phylogenetically determined structures.
|
['Algorithms', 'Models, Genetic', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Probability', 'RNA', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Solutions', 'Thermodynamics']
| 10,636,092
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['D26.776'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
In vitro effect of myo-inositol on sperm motility in normal and oligoasthenospermia patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.
|
It is a known fact that abnormal seminal liquid specimens contain abnormal amounts of oxygen free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and that the use of antioxidant molecules both in vivo and in vitro leads to improvement of semen quality in terms of motility, reduction in DNA damage, with obvious consequences on the fertilization potential. Myo-inositol has been observed to have anti-oxidant properties and be present in much greater concentrations specifically in seminal liquid than in the blood. Moreover, there seems to be a direct relationship between myo-inositol and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and sperm motility. Studies performed in vivo have demonstrated that a dietary supplementation with myo-inositol in men undergoing assisted reproduction techniques may improve sperm quality and motility in oligoasthenospermia (OAT) patients. In the following study we utilized myo-inositol in vitro to verify its effect on semen quality in both normal and OAT patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) with respect to standard sperm medium. In vitro incubation of seminal liquid carried out using myo-inositol (Andrositol-Lab, Lo.Li. Pharma-Roma, Italy) at a concentration of 15 ìl/ml improved progressive motility in both normospermia and OAT subjects. In our opinion, myo-inositol may prove to be a useful strategy to improve sperm preparation for clinical use in IVF.
|
['Adult', 'Asthenozoospermia', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Humans', 'Inositol', 'Male', 'Oligospermia', 'Sperm Motility', 'Vitamin B Complex']
| 27,908,215
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C12.294.365.700.253'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.800.519', 'D09.853.519'], ['C12.294.365.700.508'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['D27.505.696.494.600.708']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Is routine postoperative nasogastric decompression really necessary?
|
Controversy exists regarding the need for nasogastric tube decompression and the incidence of complications resulting from its use following major intra-abdominal surgery. To determine the value of such tubes, 100 patients were managed after surgery with a nasogastric tube in situ until the passage of flatus per rectum (Group I). In a second group of 100 patients, no nasogastric tube was placed after surgery unless vomiting, gross distention, or overt obstruction occurred (Group II). In Group I, the nasogastric tube remained in place an average of 6 days and five patients required replacement of the tube after its initial removal. In Group II, nasogastric intubation was required at some point after surgery in six patients. No aspiration pneumonia, nasal septum necrosis, anastomotic leak, or wound dehiscence was seen in either group. There were three wound infections in Group I and two in Group II. The most obvious difference was the increased comfort and mobility of the group of patients treated without routine nasogastric decompression (Group II). Routine use of the nasogastric tube adjunct to patient care following gastrointestinal tract surgery may be safely eliminated.
|
['Cholecystectomy', 'Colostomy', 'Decompression', 'Digestive System Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Ileostomy', 'Intubation, Gastrointestinal', 'Nose', 'Postoperative Care']
| 3,970,606
|
[['E04.210.120.172'], ['E04.210.338.225', 'E04.579.338.225'], ['E02.278', 'G01.374.715.250'], ['E04.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.210.338.508', 'E04.579.338.508'], ['E02.585.412', 'E05.497.412'], ['A01.456.505.733', 'A04.531', 'A09.531'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The mechanisms of morphological-motor functioning in elementary school female first- to fourth-graders.
|
Four morphological and 7 motor variables were assessed in a sample of 2,235 female children (subdivided into 4 groups) aged 7-11 years, elementary school first- to fourth-graders from the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Republic of Croatia. The study objective was to analyze the morphological-motor structures according to age. Factor analysis was done for each of the four subject groups. Results clearly showed the morphological-motor functioning of the girls to change with age. Developmental processes lead to the formation of a general morphological factor defined as ectomesomorph and two general mechanisms responsible for motor efficiency in the form of strength regulation and speed regulation. The results obtained were found to be consistent with the existing relevant models related to the morphological, motor, functional and cognitive systems. The more so, these results allow for a supramodel to design, which will integrate relevant elements of all these models to define the function of the body as a whole.
|
['Age Factors', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Croatia', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Motor Skills', 'Somatotypes']
| 15,636,082
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['Z01.542.248.295'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.808.260'], ['E01.370.600.115.800', 'G07.100.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Stimulus complexity in reminiscence therapy and scores on the Beck Depression Inventory of a small group of nursing-home residents.
|
A pilot study of the efficacy of groups given single and multistimulus reminiscence therapy versus no treatment controls gave no significant effect in reducing depression in 12 nursing-home residents 68.5 yr. of age. However, the data indicate that effectiveness of treatment was likely attenuated by including participants with dementia.
|
['Aged', 'Attention', 'Confusion', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Frail Elderly', 'Homes for the Aged', 'Humans', 'Life Change Events', 'Male', 'Mental Recall', 'Nursing Homes', 'Personality Inventory', 'Pilot Projects', 'Psychotherapy', 'Reality Testing', 'Socialization']
| 8,774,040
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['C10.597.606.337', 'C23.888.592.604.339', 'F01.700.250'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['M01.060.116.100.540'], ['J03.775.462', 'N02.278.825.462'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458.410'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['F04.754'], ['F01.752.747.189.508', 'F02.739.794.206.508'], ['I01.880.853.934']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Family environment and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder].
|
OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors associated with attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children.METHODS: This is a longitudinal study about behavior problems in schoolchildren that was carried out in the city of S?o Gon?alo (Southeastern Brazil) in 2005. A total of 479 students from public schools was analyzed, selected through three-stage cluster sampling. The Child Behavior Checklist was used to measure the outcome. A questionnaire was administered to parents/guardians concerning the exposure factors, which were: child's and family's profile, family relationship variables, physical and psychological violence. The log-binomial regression model with a hierarchical approach was employed in the analysis.RESULTS: Higher intelligence quotient was inversely associated with the frequency of the disorder (PR=0.980 [95%CI 0.963;0.998]). The prevalence of the disorder in the children was higher when there was family dysfunction than among families with a better way of relating (PR=2.538 [95%CI 1.572; 4.099]). Children who suffered verbal abuse from the mother had a prevalence 3.7 times higher than the ones not exposed to this situation in the last year (PR=4.7 [95%CI 1.254;17.636]).CONCLUSIONS: Negative family relationships are associated with symptoms of Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder. Its association with the intelligence quotient reiterates the importance of the genetic and environmental basis at the origin of the disorder.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Brazil', 'Child', 'Child Behavior Disorders', 'Domestic Violence', 'Family Relations', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Public Sector', 'Schools', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Students', 'Wechsler Scales']
| 22,735,270
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.141'], ['I01.198.240.856.350', 'I01.880.735.900.350'], ['F01.829.263.370', 'I01.880.853.150.439'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['I01.795', 'N04.452.633.890'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['M01.848'], ['F04.711.141.493.822']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Enhancement of transient gene expression and culture viability using Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing Bcl-x(L).
|
Transient gene expression (TGE) provides a method for quickly delivering protein for research using mammalian cells. While high levels of recombinant proteins have been produced in TGE experiments in HEK 293 cells, TGE efforts in the commercially prominent CHO cell line still suffer from inadequate protein yields. Here, we describe a cell-engineering strategy to improve transient production of proteins using CHO cells. CHO-DG44 cells were engineered to overexpress the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-x(L) and transiently transfected using polyethylenimine (PEI) in serum-free media. Pools and cell lines stably expressing Bcl-x(L) showed enhanced viable cell density and increased production of a glycosylated, therapeutic fusion protein in shake flask TGE studies. The improved cell lines showed fusion protein production levels ranging from 12.6 to 27.0 mg/L in the supernatant compared to the control cultures which produced 6.3-7.3 mg/L, representing a 70-270% increase in yield after 14 days of fed-batch culture. All Bcl-xL-expressing cell lines also exhibited an increase in specific productivity during the first 8 days of culture. In addition to increased production, Bcl-x(L) cell lines maintained viabilities above 90% and less apoptosis compared to the DG44 host which had viabilities below 60% after 14 days. Product quality was comparable between a Bcl-xL-engineered cell line and the CHO host. The work presented here provides the foundation for using anti-apoptosis engineered CHO cell lines for increased production of therapeutic proteins in TGE applications.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'CHO Cells', 'Cell Survival', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Gene Expression', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Transfection', 'bcl-X Protein']
| 18,727,128
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.937', 'D12.776.476.075.718.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optical properties and chemical behavior of Laser-dye Coumarin-500 and the influence of atmospheric corona discharges.
|
Structure elucidation of Coumarin-500 Laser-dye in cyclohexane at room temperature has been studied by UV-Vis, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. Optical properties and chemical behavior under the influence of atmospheric positive electric pulsed corona discharges were also examined. The effects of UV-Vis irradiation changed some optical parameters, such as decrease in optical density on the absorption spectrum and formation of photoproducts, due to the chromaticity removal. No significant optical changes were observed in the light absorption upon UV-irradiation but large changes in absorption spectrum were observed after positive electric corona discharge treatments, FTIR and Raman spectra in non-polar solvent are recorded and interpreted.
|
['Atmosphere', 'Coloring Agents', 'Coumarins', 'Electrochemical Techniques', 'Lasers', 'Molecular Structure', 'Optics and Photonics', 'Photochemistry', 'Spectrum Analysis']
| 19,038,576
|
[['G16.500.275.063', 'N06.230.300.100'], ['D27.720.233'], ['D03.383.663.283.446', 'D03.633.100.150.446'], ['E05.301'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['H01.671.617', 'J01.293.688'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['E05.196.867']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Basket-like interneurones in layer II of the entorhinal cortex exhibit a powerful NMDA-mediated synaptic excitation.
|
Spiny stellate neurones of layer II of the entorhinal cortex (EC) provide the perforant path input to the dentate gyrus. Previous studies have shown that synaptic responses of these neurones are dominated by GABAergic inhibition. The present study describes intracellular recordings from 'fast-spiking' interneurones in layer II which may be the basis of the synaptic inhibition. Lucifer yellow fills of fast-spiking cells revealed neurones with a widespread axonal arborization forming basket-like complexes around unlabelled cells in layer II. Synaptic activation of the fast-spiking cells evoked long duration excitations which were mediated largely by NMDA receptors. A fast AMPA/kainate EPSP was also detectable. These neurones have morphological and physiological properties which make them well-suited to exert a widespread inhibitory control over the efferent output of layer II to the dentate gyrus.
|
['Animals', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrophysiology', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Interneurons', 'Isoquinolines', 'Limbic System', 'N-Methylaspartate', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reaction Time', 'Synapses']
| 8,469,376
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.723.402'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['A08.675.358', 'A11.671.358'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['A08.186.211.180'], ['D12.125.067.500.400', 'D12.125.119.170.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Study on intravascular pressure change during sclerotherapy for cavernous hemangiomas (CHs)].
|
To investigate the regulation and significance of the intravascular pressure change of cavernous hemangiomas during the treatment of sclerotherapy, we did observations in 29 cases with slowing down the efferent blood flow of the CHs in their treatment. It was found that the baseline intravascular pressure of CHs is 5-15 mmHg, the lowest being at the neck. The efferent rate of CHs is higher than the afferent rate. The higher the efferent rate, the more times of injection and more amount of thrombotic agent were needed. At the beginning of the thrombosis, the CHs pressure rose gradually to a flat curve, which suggested that the efferent veins were being thrombosed one by one. Then the CHs pressure curve became a blunt peak, which suggested that all the efferent veins were thrombosed and it was time to inject the sclerosing agent. Finally the CHs pressure curve became a sharp peak, suggesting that the whole CHs was thrombosed and sclerosed. Follow-up from 6 months to 3 years revealed that CHs disappeared in 26 of 29 cases, recurred in 3 cases. No severe complications were found. The authors concluded that the treatment can improve the curative effect and decrease complications.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diatrizoate Meglumine', 'Female', 'Hemangioma, Cavernous', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sclerosing Solutions', 'Sclerotherapy']
| 10,451,992
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.033.800.813.550.500', 'D02.241.223.100.400.880.270.500', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880.270.500', 'D09.067.342.600.500', 'D09.853.813.550.500'], ['C04.557.645.375.385', 'C14.907.454.385', 'C15.378.463.515.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D26.776.708.822', 'D27.505.954.411.700', 'D27.505.954.578.822', 'D27.720.752.822'], ['E02.319.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Hygienic principles of the optimal arrangement of working place for students during the training in computer use].
|
Experimental studies aimed at hygienic substantiation of requirements for optimal organization of a workplace for schoolchildren using computers have been carried out. Hygienic requirements for basic parameters and design of a desk and a chair intended for those working with computers are presented. Practical recommendations on the equipment of computer rooms in secondary schools are given.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arm', 'Child', 'Computer Systems', 'Computer User Training', 'Equipment Design', 'Facility Design and Construction', 'Humans', 'Muscles', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Students', 'USSR']
| 2,384,232
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['M01.060.406'], ['L01.224.230'], ['I02.903.080'], ['E05.320'], ['J01.086.339', 'N02.278.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['M01.848'], ['Z01.542.931', 'Z01.586.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
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