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Active Trigger Points Are Associated With Anxiety and Widespread Pressure Pain Sensitivity in Women, but not Men, With Tension Type Headache.
|
BACKGROUND: A better understanding of gender differences can assist clinicians in further developing therapeutic programs in tension type headache (TTH).OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gender differences in the presence of trigger points (TrPs) in the head, neck, and shoulder muscles and their relationship with headache features, pressure pain sensitivity, and anxiety in people with TTH.METHODS: Two hundred and ten (59 men, 151 women) patients with TTH participated. TrPs were bilaterally explored in the temporalis, masseter, suboccipital, upper trapezius, splenius capitis, and sternocleidomastoid muscles. Headache features were collected using a 4-week headache diary. Trait and state anxiety levels were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) over the temporalis, C5/C6 joint, second metacarpal, and tibialis anterior were assessed.RESULTS: Women with TTH exhibited a significantly higher number of total (P = 0.027) and active (P = 0.030), but similar number of latent (P = 0.461), TrPs than men with TTH. Active TrPs in the temporalis, suboccipital, and splenius capitis muscles were the most prevalent in both men and women with TTH. The number of active TrPs was associated with anxiety levels (r = 0.217; P = 0.045) in women, but not in men (P = 0.453): the higher the number of active TrPs, the more the trait levels of anxiety. Women exhibited lower PPTs than men (all, P < 0.001). In men, the number of active, but not latent, TrPs was negatively associated with localized PPTs (all, P < 0.05), whereas in women, the number of active and latent TrPs was negatively associated with PPTs in all points (all, P < 0.01): the higher the number of TrPs, the lower the widespread PPTs.CONCLUSIONS: This study described gender differences in the presence of TrPs in TTH. Women with TTH showed lower PPTs than men. The association between TrPs, anxiety levels, and pressure pain hyperalgesia seems to be more pronounced in women than in men with TTH.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperalgesia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Threshold', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Tension-Type Headache', 'Trigger Points']
| 30,756,467
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.751.791.400', 'C23.888.592.763.770.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.463.593.710.560', 'F02.830.816.444.700', 'G11.561.790.444.700'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G08.686.815'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.875'], ['A01.947']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Use of factorial designs to optimize animal experiments and reduce animal use.
|
Optimization of experiments, such as those used in drug discovery, can lead to useful savings of scientific resources. Factors such as sex, strain, and age of the animals and protocol-specific factors such as timing and methods of administering treatments can have an important influence on the response of animals to experimental treatments. Factorial experimental designs can be used to explore which factors and what levels of these factors will maximize the difference between a vehicle control and a known positive control treatment. This information can then be used to design more efficient experiments, either by reducing the numbers of animals used or by increasing the sensitivity so that smaller biological effects can be detected. A factorial experimental design approach is more effective and efficient than the older approach of varying one factor at a time. Two examples of real factorial experiments reveal how using this approach can potentially lead to a reduction in animal use and savings in financial and scientific resources without loss of scientific validity.
|
['Allyl Compounds', 'Animal Testing Alternatives', 'Animals', 'Animals, Laboratory', 'Chloramphenicol', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Female', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Leukocytes', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Models, Animal', 'Models, Statistical', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Research Design', 'Sample Size', 'Sulfides']
| 12,391,398
|
[['D02.455.326.271.122'], ['E05.017.080.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.199'], ['D02.033.455.706.300', 'D02.455.426.559.389.565.175', 'D02.640.529.175'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.598'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['E05.318.370.762', 'E05.581.500.902', 'N05.715.360.325.692', 'N06.850.520.445.762'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Analysis of ophthalmic projects granted by National Natural Science Foundation].
|
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status of basic research work in the field of ophthalmology by analyzing the projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) from the year of 1986 to 2007, and offer as a reference to the ophthalmologists and researchers.METHODS: NSFC supported ophthalmology projects in the 22 year's period were collected from the database of NSFC. The field of funded projects, the research team and their achievements were analyzed.RESULTS: There were 228 applicants from 47 home institutions were funded in the field of ophthalmology during the past 22 years, 323 projects funded with 66.74 million Yuan in total, in which 165 projects were fulfilled before the end of 2006. The applied and funded projects mainly focus on six different kinds of research area related to retinal diseases, corneal diseases, glaucoma, optic nerve diseases, myopia and cataract, and 70% of them were basic research in nature. As a brief achievement of 165 fulfilled projects, more than 610 papers were published in domestic journals, over 140 papers were published in Science Citation Index journals, more than 600 people were trained, and over 20 scientific awards were obtained.CONCLUSION: The number of funded projects and achievement of fulfilled projects in the discipline of ophthalmology gradually increased over the past two decades, the research fields were concentrated in certain diseases. NSFC has played an important role in promoting the development of ophthalmology research and bringing up specialists in China. However, clinical research, continuously research, transforming from basic research to clinic applications and multidisciplinary cross studies should be strengthened.
|
['China', 'Foundations', 'Ophthalmology']
| 19,175,165
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['N03.219.483.311', 'N03.540.630.180'], ['H02.403.810.468']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Multiscale feature analysis of salivary gland branching morphogenesis.
|
Pattern formation in developing tissues involves dynamic spatio-temporal changes in cellular organization and subsequent evolution of functional adult structures. Branching morphogenesis is a developmental mechanism by which patterns are generated in many developing organs, which is controlled by underlying molecular pathways. Understanding the relationship between molecular signaling, cellular behavior and resulting morphological change requires quantification and categorization of the cellular behavior. In this study, tissue-level and cellular changes in developing salivary gland in response to disruption of ROCK-mediated signaling by are modeled by building cell-graphs to compute mathematical features capturing structural properties at multiple scales. These features were used to generate multiscale cell-graph signatures of untreated and ROCK signaling disrupted salivary gland organ explants. From confocal images of mouse submandibular salivary gland organ explants in which epithelial and mesenchymal nuclei were marked, a multiscale feature set capturing global structural properties, local structural properties, spectral, and morphological properties of the tissues was derived. Six feature selection algorithms and multiway modeling of the data was performed to identify distinct subsets of cell graph features that can uniquely classify and differentiate between different cell populations. Multiscale cell-graph analysis was most effective in classification of the tissue state. Cellular and tissue organization, as defined by a multiscale subset of cell-graph features, are both quantitatively distinct in epithelial and mesenchymal cell types both in the presence and absence of ROCK inhibitors. Whereas tensor analysis demonstrate that epithelial tissue was affected the most by inhibition of ROCK signaling, significant multiscale changes in mesenchymal tissue organization were identified with this analysis that were not identified in previous biological studies. We here show how to define and calculate a multiscale feature set as an effective computational approach to identify and quantify changes at multiple biological scales and to distinguish between different states in developing tissues.
|
['Animals', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Computer Graphics', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Mesoderm', 'Mice', 'Models, Biological', 'Molecular Imaging', 'Morphogenesis', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Salivary Glands', 'Signal Transduction', 'rho-Associated Kinases']
| 22,403,724
|
[['B01.050'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['L01.224.108', 'L01.296.110'], ['A11.436'], ['A16.504.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E01.370.350.557', 'E05.601.555'], ['G07.345.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A03.556.500.760', 'A10.336.779', 'A14.549.760'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.814', 'D12.644.360.590', 'D12.776.476.595']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Development of a Freeze-Dried, Heat-Stable Influenza Subunit Vaccine Formulation.
|
An influenza pandemic remains a major public health concern. A key strategy to prevent a pandemic is to stockpile and pre-position stable influenza vaccine to allow rapid deployment in response to an outbreak. However, most influenza vaccines today are formulated as liquids that are stable only within a temperature range of 2°C to 8°C and require use of a cold chain, making vaccine transportation, distribution, and storage complicated and expensive, particularly for developing countries. To support the National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza preparedness in the United States and internationally, we developed two lead dry formulations of stable H1N1 influenza subunit vaccines using freeze-drying technology. The stable formulations contain an excipient combination of a disaccharide, such as sucrose or trehalose, and glycine, in addition to a surfactant and phosphate buffer. The freeze-dried vaccines were shown to be safe and remained immunogenic in an in vivo study in mice. Moreover, the lead formulations demonstrated no significant loss of activity after 40 months at storage temperatures of 25°C and 37°C. This stability can be particularly attractive as it could eliminate the need to use a cold chain for vaccine deployment and facilitate integration of vaccine distribution with general drug distribution where appropriate. These freeze-dried thermostable influenza subunit vaccines could also reduce the frequency of vaccine stockpile turnover, offering a cost-effective option for pandemic preparedness.
|
['Animals', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Crystallization', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Excipients', 'Female', 'Freeze Drying', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Humidity', 'Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Influenza, Human', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Orthomyxoviridae Infections', 'Powders', 'Vaccines, Subunit']
| 27,851,765
|
[['B01.050'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D26.650.700.419', 'D27.720.744.770.419'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260', 'E02.792.156.260', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260', 'E05.760.156.260'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.500.275.063.725.310', 'G16.500.750.775.310', 'N06.230.150.372', 'N06.230.300.100.725.310'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.214'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['C01.925.782.620'], ['D26.255.779'], ['D20.215.894.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Passive, wireless transduction of electrochemical impedance across thin-film microfabricated coils using reflected impedance.
|
A new method of wirelessly transducing electrochemical impedance without integrated circuits or discrete electrical components was developed and characterized. The resonant frequency and impedance magnitude at resonance of a planar inductive coil is affected by the load on a secondary coil terminating in sensing electrodes exposed to solution (reflected impedance), allowing the transduction of the high-frequency electrochemical impedance between the two electrodes. Biocompatible, flexible secondary coils with sensing electrodes made from gold and Parylene C were microfabricated and the reflected impedance in response to phosphate-buffered saline solutions of varying concentrations was characterized. Both the resonant frequency and impedance at resonance were highly sensitive to changes in solution conductivity at the secondary electrodes, and the effects of vertical separation, lateral misalignment, and temperature changes were also characterized. Two applications of reflected impedance in biomedical sensors for hydrocephalus shunts and glucose sensing are discussed.
|
['Electric Impedance', 'Electrochemical Techniques', 'Electrodes', 'Gold', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Polymers', 'Wireless Technology', 'Xylenes']
| 28,948,395
|
[['G01.358.500.249.277.350'], ['E05.301'], ['E07.305.250'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['L01.178.847.950'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.948']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phase I trial of palbociclib, a selective cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor, in combination with cetuximab in patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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OBJECTIVES: To test the safety of the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib with cetuximab in patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A phase I trial using 3+3 design was performed to determine the dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of palbociclib with standard dose weekly cetuximab. Palbociclib was administered orally days 1-21 every 28days: dose level 1 (100mg/d) and 2 (125mg/d; approved monotherapy dose). Pharmacokinetic assessments were performed on cycle 2, day 15. Cyclin D1, p16(INK4a), and Rb protein expression were measured on pre-treatment tumor. Tumor response was assessed using RECIST1.1.RESULTS: Nine patients (five p16(INK4a) negative; four positive) were enrolled across dose levels 1 (n=3) and 2 (n=6) and none experienced a DLT. A MTD of palbociclib was not reached. Myelosuppression was the most common adverse event. Six of nine patients had cetuximab-resistant and 4/9 had platin-resistant disease. Disease control (DC) occurred in 89%, including partial response (PR) in two (22%) and stable disease in six (67%) patients. PRs occurred in p16(INK4a) negative HNSCC. Five patients (56%) had measurable decreases in tumor target lesions. In cetuximab-resistant HNSCC, best tumor response was PR in 1 and DC in 5 and median TTP was 112days (range: 28-168). In platin-resistant HNSCC, best tumor response: PR in 1, DC in 3 and median TTP was 112days (range: 28-112). The Cmax and AUC0-24h appeared comparable in patients receiving 125 vs 100mg dose of palbociclib.CONCLUSION: This trial, the first to evaluate a CDK4/6 inhibitor in HNSCC, determined that palbociclib 125mg/day on days 1-21 every 28days with cetuximab was safe. Tumor responses were observed, even in cetuximab- or platin-resistant disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cetuximab', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Piperazines', 'Pyridines']
| 27,311,401
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.750', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.750', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.875', 'D12.644.360.250.451', 'D12.776.167.200.451', 'D12.776.476.250.451'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.937', 'D12.644.360.250.515', 'D12.776.167.200.515', 'D12.776.476.250.515'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D03.383.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The human glucagon receptor encoding gene: structure, cDNA sequence and chromosomal localization.
|
Characterization of the human glucagon-receptor-encoding gene (GGR) should provide a greater understanding of blood glucose regulation and may reveal a genetic basis for the pathogenesis of diabetes. A cDNA encoding a complete functional human glucagon receptor (GGR) was isolated from a liver cDNA library by a combination of polymerase chain reaction and colony hybridization. The cDNA encodes a receptor protein with 80% identity to rat GGR that binds [125I]glucagon and transduces a signal leading to increases in the concentration of intracellular cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. Southern blot analysis of human DNA reveals a hybridization pattern consistent with a single GGR locus. In situ hybridization to metaphase chromosome preparations maps the GGR locus to chromosome 17q25. Analysis of the genomic sequence shows that the coding region spans over 5.5 kb and is interrupted by 12 introns.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Glucagon', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Glucagon', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Signal Transduction']
| 8,144,028
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.415.425', 'G05.360.162.520.300.415.425'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.330', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.350'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Practice patterns in screening and management of prostate cancer in elderly men.
|
OBJECTIVES: To determine the practice preferences for prostate cancer screening and treatment in men 75 years of age or older among healthcare providers in Iowa.METHODS: Practice patterns were determined by an institutional review board-approved 15-item survey mailed to all 3105 Iowa healthcare providers who care for older men. A modified Dillman method was used for the survey. Actual prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing practices derived from our institutional database were correlated with the survey data.RESULTS: The survey yielded a response rate of 32% (997 respondents). Of the respondents, 96% of primary care physicians and 97% of urologists preferred to stop PSA-based prostate cancer screening by age 80. This was compatible with our institutional data that indicated a PSA testing rate of 5.2% in men 80 years or older. Most physicians used the digital rectal examination as the first test for screening and reported a lack of educational materials to provide to patients. Older physicians and family practitioners were more likely to continue prostate cancer screening beyond 75 years, and most consented to patient requests for screening.CONCLUSIONS: The predilection for prostate cancer screening among healthcare providers declines with increasing patient age but persists for a small proportion of patients. The education of both patients and healthcare providers to more selectively screen men older than 75 years and the development of educational materials are needed. A consensus among healthcare providers would facilitate adoption of a tailored approach to managing prostate cancer in older men, thereby decreasing healthcare costs and morbidity while limiting the use of unnecessary therapy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 17,095,076
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
| 0
|
Elevated levels of iron in groundwater in Prey Veng province in Cambodia: a possible factor contributing to high iron stores in women.
|
Iron is a natural element found in food, water and soil and is essential for human health. Our aim was to determine the levels of iron and 25 other metals and trace elements in groundwater from 22 households in Prey Veng, Cambodia. Water analyses were conducted using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and optical emission spectrometry. Compared to the 2011 World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water quality, aluminum, iron and manganese exceeded maximum levels (in 4.5, 72.7 and 40.9% of samples, respectively). Compared to the 2004 Cambodian drinking water quality standards, iron and manganese exceeded maximum levels (in 59.1 and 36.4% of samples, respectively). We found no evidence of arsenic contamination. Guidelines for iron were established primarily for esthetic reasons (e.g. taste), whereas other metals and elements have adverse effects associated with toxicity. Iron in groundwater ranged from 134 to 5,200 ìg/L (mean ?1,422 ìg/L). Based on a daily consumption of 3 L groundwater, this equates to ?0.4-15.6 mg iron (mean ?4.3 mg/day), which may be contributing to high iron stores and the low prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in Prey Veng women. Elevated levels of manganese in groundwater are a concern and warrant further investigation.
|
['Cambodia', 'Female', 'Filtration', 'Groundwater', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Metals', 'Trace Elements']
| 26,042,988
|
[['Z01.252.145.182'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['G01.311.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D01.552'], ['D01.268.811', 'D27.505.696.494.555', 'G07.203.300.681.500.555', 'J02.500.681.500.555']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Translesion DNA synthesis across various DNA adducts produced by 3-nitrobenzanthrone in Escherichia coli.
|
To analyze translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) across lesions derived from the air pollutant 3-nitrobenzanthrone in Escherichia coli, we constructed site-specifically modified plasmids containing single molecule adducts derived from 3-nitrobenzanthrone. For this experiment, we adopted a modified version of the method developed by Fuchs et al. [29]. Each plasmid contained one of the following lesions in its LacZ' gene: N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-3-aminobenzanthrone (dG-C8-N-ABA); 2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-N(2)-yl)-3-aminobenzanthrone (dG-N(2)-C2-ABA); 2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-3-aminobenzanthrone (dG-C8-C2-ABA); 2-(2'-deoxyadenosin-N(6)-yl)-3-aminobenzanthrone (dA-N(6)-C2-ABA); N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-3-acetylaminobenzanthrone (dG-C8-N-AcABA); or 2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-3-acetylaminobenzanthrone (dG-C8-C2-AcABA). All of the adducts inhibited DNA synthesis by replicative DNA polymerases in E. coli; however, the extent of the inhibition varied among the adducts. All five dG-adducts strongly blocked replication by replicative DNA polymerases; however, the dA-adduct only weakly blocked DNA replication. The induction of the SOS response increased the frequency of TLS, which was higher for the dG-C8-C2-ABA, dG-C8-N-AcABA and dG-C8-C2-AcABA adducts than for the other adducts. In our previous study, dG-C8-N-ABA blocked DNA replication more strongly and induced mutations more frequently than dG-N(2)-C2-ABA in human cells. In contrast, in E. coli the frequency of TLS over dG-N(2)-C2-ABA was markedly reduced, even under the SOS(+) conditions, and dG-N(2)-C2-ABA induced G to T mutations. All of the other adducts were bypassed in a less mutagenic manner. In addition, using E. coli strains that lacked particular DNA polymerases we found that DNA polymerase V was responsible for TLS over dG-C8-N-AcABA and dG-C8-C2-AcABA adducts.
|
['Benz(a)Anthracenes', 'DNA Adducts', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Replication', 'Escherichia coli']
| 23,583,687
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.149', 'D04.615.149'], ['D13.444.308.135', 'G05.200.104'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endothelins (EDN1, EDN2, EDN3) and their receptors (EDNRA, EDNRB, EDNRB2) in chickens: Functional analysis and tissue distribution.
|
Endothelins (EDNs) and their receptors (EDNRs) are reported to be involved in the regulation of many physiological/pathological processes, such as cardiovascular development and functions, pulmonary hypertension, neural crest cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, pigmentation, and plumage in chickens. However, the functionality, signaling, and tissue expression of avian EDN-EDNRs have not been fully characterized, thus impeding our comprehensive understanding of their roles in this model vertebrate species. Here, we reported the cDNAs of three EDN genes (EDN1, EDN2, EDN3) and examined the functionality and expression of the three EDNs and their receptors (EDNRA, EDNRB and EDNRB2) in chickens. The results showed that: 1) chicken (c-) EDN1, EDN2, and EDN3 cDNAs were predicted to encode bioactive EDN peptides of 21 amino acids, which show remarkable degree of amino acid sequence identities (91-95%) to their respective mammalian orthologs; 2) chicken (c-) EDNRA expressed in HEK293 cells could be preferentially activated by chicken EDN1 and EDN2, monitored by the three cell-based luciferase reporter assays, indicating that cEDNRA is a functional receptor common for both cEDN1 and cEDN2. In contrast, both cEDNRB and cEDNRB2 could be activated by all three EDN peptides with similar potencies, indicating that both receptors can function as common receptors for the three EDNs and share functional similarity. Moreover, activation of three EDNRs could stimulate intracellular calcium, MAPK/ERK, and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways. 3) qPCR assay revealed that cEDNs and cEDNRs are widely, but differentially, expressed in adult chicken tissues. Taken together, our data establishes a clear molecular basis to uncover the physiological/pathological roles of EDN-EDNR system in birds and helps to reveal the conserved actions of EDN-EDNR signaling across vertebrates.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Chickens', 'Endothelins', 'Female', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Receptors, Endothelin', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 31,351,053
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D12.644.276.400', 'D12.776.467.400', 'D23.529.400'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.220', 'D12.776.543.750.750.320'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quality of Life and Depression Level in Patients with Watery Eye.
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess subjective, human aspect of the medical condition, evaluate the quality of life (QOL) and level of depressive symptoms in patients with watery eye and compare it with patients with two most common causes of visual deterioration: cataract and macular region pathology. The results of this study may serve to raise awareness of watery eye impact on a large number of patients and subsequently promote their treatment in order to restore full visual and life quality necessary for normal human functioning.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this prospective, randomised, questionnaire-based study, we have surveyed three groups of patients with a total of 210 patients: group with the watery eye of different etiology (n=69), group with one pseudophakic eye and one cataract eye (n=73) and group with the unilateral pathology of the macular region (n=68). All three groups underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination. To examine the overall quality of life we have used a modified vision-related quality of life questionnaire (VR-QOL) and to evaluate depression level "Beck Depression Inventory - 2". The results were analyzed with statistical program STATISTICA 13.RESULTS: Compared to group with unilateral cataract eye and to group with unilateral pathology of the macular region, the results of this study show that patients with watery eye have significantly decreased quality of life in all daily activities, particularly in outdoor activities (F=125.80, df=2/143, p<0.01), during sports (F=36.67, df=2/143, p<0.01) and interpersonal relations (F=18.73, df=2/143, p<0.01). Results between three groups showed that group with watering eye expressed highest depression level and group with one pseudophakic eye and the other cataract eye the lowest (F=25.86, df=2/207, p<0.01).CONCLUSION: Watery eye has a significant impact on vision-related quality of life. Our research showed that patients with watery eye had expressed more depressive symptoms than other groups, but still without statistically significant value. Since it affects a large and heterogenic group of patients it is important to be recognized on time and treated etiologically in attempt to restore full function and life quality. The results of this study may serve to raise awareness of watery eye impact on a large number of patients and subsequently promote their treatment in order to restore full visual and life quality necessary for normal functioning.
|
['Cataract', 'Depression', 'Eye Diseases', 'Humans', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Visual Acuity']
| 30,439,808
|
[['C11.510.245'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['C11'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Coagulopathy with piperacillin administration in cystic fibrosis: two case reports.
|
Two cases are reported of coagulopathy in association with the administration of piperacillin to patients with cystic fibrosis. In both cases the coagulopathy was associated with the development of a serum sickness-like illness with fever, rash and abnormal liver function tests occurring on day 12 and day 16 of treatment, respectively. On withdrawal of the piperacillin, both the serum sickness and the coagulopathy resolved rapidly, without sequelae.
|
['Blood Coagulation Disorders', 'Blood Coagulation Tests', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Drug Eruptions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Piperacillin', 'Serum Sickness']
| 8,074,918
|
[['C15.378.100'], ['E01.370.225.625.115', 'E05.200.625.115'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['C17.800.174.600', 'C20.543.206.380', 'C25.100.468.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.750.050.650', 'D02.886.108.750.750.050.650', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.050.650'], ['C17.800.174.600.800', 'C20.543.206.380.800', 'C20.543.520.770', 'C25.100.468.380.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Morphometric analysis of fossa ovalis in rheumatic heart disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Rheumatic heart disease is an important cause of valvular disease in India, with resultant alterations in the interatrial septum and fossa ovalis. Morphometric details of fossa ovalis may help in its localization during transseptal catheterization so as to prevent complications.METHODS AND RESULTS: Autopsy heart specimens of rheumatic heart disease (n=30) and non-cardiac death (n=30) patients between 15-45 years of age were studied as case and control group, respectively. The dimensions of fossa ovalis and interatrial septum were measured. The ratio of area of fossa ovalis to septum was calculated. Case group showed a significant increase in surface area of septum and fossa as compared to control group. The septal area was significantly increased in 15-30 years and 31-45 years groups, specially females in the former group. The fossa area was increased only in 31-45 years age group. The ratio of area of fossa to septum was not statistically altered in cases versus controls. Case group, specially females of 15-30 years, showed a significant horizontal orientation of fossa as compared to controls. Cases having both mitral and aortic stenosis showed highest increase in the areas of fossa and septum, as also the most horizontal orientation of fossa.CONCLUSIONS: The enlargement of the septal area begins at an early age in rheumatic heart disease along with initial hemodynamic and valvular alterations. There is a categorical horizontal orientation of fossa ovalis in these cases. Varying dynamics in stenotic and regurgitant valves leads to varying morphological changes in dimensions of fossa ovalis and septum.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Autopsy', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Heart Septum', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve', 'Reference Values', 'Rheumatic Heart Disease', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sex Factors']
| 16,521,634
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A07.541.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['E05.978.810'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.731.649', 'C14.280.874'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tongue necrosis due to vasculitis.
|
We describe a 7-year-old boy with necrosis of the tongue due to a generalized vasculitis, with symptoms and signs consistent with periarteritis nodosa and appearing after an infection with streptococci. Approximately one-third of the tongue had to be extirpated.
|
['Child', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Necrosis', 'Neutrophils', 'Polyarteritis Nodosa', 'Streptococcus', 'Tongue', 'Vasculitis']
| 8,580,641
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.717'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['C14.907.940.090.720', 'C14.907.940.897.500', 'C17.800.862.625'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872'], ['A03.556.500.885', 'A14.549.885'], ['C14.907.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A rate limiting function of cdc25A for S phase entry inversely correlates with tyrosine dephosphorylation of Cdk2.
|
The cdc25A phosphatase removes inhibitory phosphates from threonine-14 and tyrosine-15 of cyclin dependent kinase-2 (cdk2) in vitro, and it is therefore widely assumed that cdc25A positively regulates cyclin E- and A-associated cdk2 activity at the G1 to S phase transition of the mammalian cell division cycle. Human cdc25A was introduced into mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts co-expressing a form of the colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) receptor that is partially defective in transducing mitogenic signals. Cdc25A enabled these cells to form colonies in semisolid medium containing serum plus human recombinant CSF-1 in a manner reminiscent of cells rescued by c-myc. However, cdc25A-rescued cells could not proliferate in chemically defined medium containing CSF-1 and continued to require c-myc function for S phase entry. When contact-inhibited cells overexpressing cdc25A were dispersed and stimulated to synchronously enter the cell division cycle, they entered S phase 2-3 h earlier than their parental untransfected counterparts. Shortening of G1 phase temporally correlated with more rapid degradation of the cdk inhibitor p27Kip1 and with premature activation of cyclin A-dependent cdk2. Paradoxically, tyrosine phosphorylation of cdk2 increased considerably as cells entered S phase, and cdc25A overexpression potentiated rather than diminished this effect. At face value, these results are inconsistent with the hypothesis that cdc25A acts directly on cdk2 to activate its S phase promoting function.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Animals', 'CDC2-CDC28 Kinases', 'Cell Line, Transformed', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinases', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'S Phase', 'Tyrosine', 'cdc25 Phosphatases']
| 9,989,807
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.500', 'D12.644.360.250.067', 'D12.776.167.200.067', 'D12.776.476.250.067'], ['A11.251.210.172'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.750', 'D12.644.360.250.323', 'D12.776.167.200.323', 'D12.776.476.250.323'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500', 'D12.644.360.250', 'D12.776.167.200', 'D12.776.476.250'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['G02.111.225.880', 'G04.144.500.800', 'G05.226.880'], ['D12.125.072.050.875'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625.225.100', 'D08.811.277.352.650.775.250.100', 'D08.811.641.755.100', 'D12.644.360.268.100', 'D12.776.167.100', 'D12.776.476.268.100']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identifying Mutations by High Resolution Melting in a TILLING Population of Rice.
|
Target Induced Local Lesions In Genomes (TILLING) is a strategy of reverse genetics for the high-throughput screening of induced mutations. However, the TILLING system has less applicability for insertion/deletion (Indel) detection and traditional TILLING needs more complex steps, like CEL I nuclease digestion and gel electrophoresis. To improve the throughput and selection efficiency, and to make the screening of both Indels and single base substitions (SBSs) possible, a new high-resolution melting (HRM)-based TILLING system is developed. Here, we present a detailed HRM-TILLING protocol and show its application in mutation screening. This method can analyze the mutations of PCR amplicons by measuring the denaturation of double-stranded DNA at high temperatures. HRM analysis is directly performed post-PCR without additional processing. Moreover, a simple, safe and fast (SSF) DNA extraction method is integrated with HRM-TILLING to identify both Indels and SBSs. Its simplicity, robustness and high throughput make it potentially useful for mutation scanning in rice and other crops.
|
['Crops, Agricultural', 'Mutation', 'Oryza', 'Transition Temperature']
| 31,524,866
|
[['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['G01.906.595.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Controversies in Pouch Surveillance for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
|
CASE 1: Following 2 years of rectal blood loss, a 31-year-old male was diagnosed with ulcerative pancolitis in 1978. Initial treatment consisted of both topical and systemic 5-aminosalicylic acids [5-ASAs], and remission was achieved. In both 1984 and 1986 he was hospitalised due to exacerbations necessitating treatment with intravenous corticosteroids. The following years went well, without disease activity, under treatment with 5-ASA. In 1997, at the age of 50 years, a surveillance colonoscopy showed a stenotic process with a macroscopic irregularity in the sigmoid region. Histology revealed at least high-grade dysplasia [HGD] and signs of an invasive growth pattern which could indicate colorectal cancer [CRC]. The patient underwent restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis [IPAA]. Histology of the resection specimen confirmed active inflammation in the colon and rectum and a carcinoma in situ was identified in the sigmoid colon without invasive growth. This patient did not have significant comorbidities-for example primary sclerosing cholangitis [PSC]-and the CRC family history was negative. What pouch surveillance strategy should be recommended?CASE 2: A 34-year-old man presented at our inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] centre with ulcerative proctitis. Ten years later, after an initially mild disease course, his disease progressed to a pancolitis. An 11-year period with multiple exacerbations [on average every 2 year, including hospitalisation] followed and treatment consisted of topical and systemic 5-ASAs with intermittent corticosteroids. In 1998, at the age of 65 years, a two-stage restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA was performed due to disease activity refractory to systemic corticosteroids. The colectomy specimen confirmed the diagnosis of ulcerative pancolitis without evidence for colorectal dysplasia or carcinoma. Other than steroid-induced diabetes mellitus, this patient had no comorbidities. His father died from CRC at unknown age. What pouch surveillance strategy should be recommended?
|
['Adult', 'Aftercare', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Colonic Pouches', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Proctitis', 'Proctocolectomy, Restorative']
| 26,822,612
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.760.169.063', 'N02.421.585.169.063', 'N04.590.233.727.210.063'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['A10.850.200', 'E07.862.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.205.865', 'C06.405.469.860.622'], ['E04.210.219.620', 'E04.210.895.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical features and prognosis of acute aortic intramural hemorrhage compared with those of acute aortic dissection: a single center experience.
|
The clinical manifestations and natural history of acute aortic intramural hemorrhage are not well characterized. Therefore, we have evaluated the differences in the clinical features and prognosis between acute intramural hemorrhage and acute classic aortic dissection. One hundred two consecutive patients with acute aortic syndrome were diagnosed between November 1994 and May 1999. The clinical features, treatment modalities and survival of these patients were analyzed. Thirty one of the 102 patients (30%) had intramural hemorrhage and 71 (70%) had aortic dissection. Patients with intramural hemorrhage were older than those with aortic dissection (mean ages 67 and 55 years, respectively) (p < 0.001), and intramural hemorrhage showed a lower proportion of type A than did aortic dissection (32% and 58%, respectively) (p = 0.018). The incidence of severe complications was significantly lower in patients with intramural hemorrhage than in those with aortic dissection (19% and 27%, respectively) (p < 0.001). Mean follow-up duration was 23.1+/-16.0 months. The overall death rate for patients with intramural hemorrhage (2 / 31; 6%) tended to be lower than those with aortic dissection (14 / 71; 20%) (p = 0.104). The Stanford classification and treatment modalities were not correlated with death. Late follow-up imaging studies in intramural hemorrhage showed partial to complete resolution of intramural hematoma (9 / 15; 60%). In this study, intramural hemorrhage was fairly common, more frequent among older patients, had a lower proportion of type A, and showed a lower incidence of severe complications and a more favorable prognosis in terms of mortality, than aortic dissection.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Aged', 'Aneurysm, Dissecting', 'Aortic Aneurysm', 'Female', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,324,810
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.050'], ['C14.907.055.239', 'C14.907.109.139'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cardiac sounds from a wearable device for sternal seismocardiography.
|
Seismocardiography is the body-surface recording of vibrations produced by the beating heart. A high frequency (HF) accelerometric component of the seismocardiogram (SCG) is related to the heart sounds generated by the closure of atrio-ventricular and semilunar valves. This paper evaluates the feasibility of recording the SCG component associated to cardiac sounds by means of a wearable device originally designed for monitoring ECG, respiratory movements, body accelerations and posture in freely moving subjects. The method is based on the averaging of the HF component of the acceleration vector measured by the wearable system, and on the subsequent extraction of features from its envelope. The method is applied on data recorded in healthy volunteers in different postures and during sleep. Results indicate that it is possible to reliably identify the time of occurrence of the first and second heart sound within the cardiac cycle. They also show significant differences in the HF component of SCG between supine and standing postures. Analyzing the HF SCG in a volunteer sleeping at high altitude (4554 m asl) substantial differences were also found among three body positions (lying supine or on the left or right side). These differences are likely to reflect changes in cardiac mechanics induced by different postures of the body.
|
['Acceleration', 'Electrocardiography', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Humans', 'Sternum']
| 22,255,286
|
[['G01.482.107'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.570.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Venous thromboembolism is a relevant and underestimated adverse event in cancer patients treated in phase I studies.
|
BACKGROUND: To investigate, retrospectively, the role of tumour histotype and antiangiogenic drugs for venous thromboembolism (VTE) development in advanced cancer patients treated in phase I studies.METHODS: Patients enrolled and treated in phase I studies conducted by SENDO (Southern Europe New Drugs Organisation) were considered.RESULTS: Data of 1415 patients were included in the analysis: 526 (37.2%) patients were males, median age was 57.3 years (range: 13-85). Fifty-six (3.96%) patients developed a VTE. At multivariate analysis gynaecologic (hazard ratio (HR): 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-6.23, P=0.009) and gastrointestinal tumours (HR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.18-8.87, P=0.023) as well as combination regimens of cytotoxic and antiangiogenic agents (HR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.11-6.30, P=0.028), white blood cell >11,000 ìl(-1) (HR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.10-6.09, P=0.028) and haemoglobin<10 g dl(-1) (HR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.07-8.94, P=0.037) were statistically correlated with VTE development. Venous thromboembolism was the fourth most common cause of drug discontinuation. The median time from first drug administration to discontinuation was 1.4 for VTE and 2.3 months for the other adverse events (P=0.02).CONCLUSION: Venous thromboembolism is a relatively common complication among patients treated in the context of phase I studies, and may lead to early drug discontinuation. A greater risk of developing VTE is associated with the diagnosis of gynaecologic and gastrointestinal tumours and the combined use of chemotherapy and antiangiogenic drugs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Leukocytosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk', 'Venous Thromboembolism', 'Young Adult']
| 22,828,607
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.200', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.200', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C15.378.553.475', 'C23.550.526'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['C14.907.355.590.700'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Subxiphoid cross-sectional echocardiography in infants and children with congenital heart disease.
|
We developed anatomically related cross-sectional echocardiographic views to image the heart from the subxiphoid area in 100 children and infants with various forms of congenital heart disease studied prospectively before cardiac catheterization. Wide-angle cross-sectional views were achieved using a mechanical sector scanner in a scan plane oriented parallel to a line between the patient's shoulders (a coronal plane) showing the equivalent anatomy of an anteroposterior angiogram. The subxiphoid technique appeared to be better than chest wall-based imaging in demonstrating obstructive lesions in the proximal portion of the right ventricular outflow tract (19 patients), i.e., the subpulmonic area, which is often at the narrow edge of the sector and behind the transducer artifact in chest wall studies. The subxiphoid technique was also useful for imaging the interatrial and interventricular septae; in subxiphoid views, as opposed to four-chamber apical views, there was significantly less false septal dropout and atrial septal defects (19 patients) as well as ventricular septal aneurysms (seven patients) were easily imaged. Finally, the subxiphoid orientation provided more adequate imaging in patients with discrete diaphragmatic subaortic stenosis (four patients), even when the diaphragm was just beneath the aortic valve. Subxiphoid cross-sectional echocardiography is an easily understood anatomical format for imaging cross-sectional anatomy in congenital heart disease and is a valuable adjunct to cross-sectional echocardiography from the chest wall.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Echocardiography', 'Heart Defects, Congenital', 'Heart Septal Defects, Atrial', 'Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular', 'Humans', 'Tetralogy of Fallot', 'Transposition of Great Vessels']
| 761,331
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitation of the diastereoisomers of L-buthionine-(R,S)-sulfoximine in human plasma: a validated assay by capillary electrophoresis.
|
An assay for the diastereoisomers of the biochemical modifier L-buthionine-(R,S)-sulfoximine (BSO) in human plasma has been developed using capillary electrophoresis (CE). Separation of the diastereoisomers is achieved by the micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) mode of CE. Plasma is injected directly onto the separation capillary without any extraction step, and BSO is detected directly by ultraviolet absorbance measurements at 190 nm without prior derivatization. The whole assay, including capillary conditioning, takes approximately 30 min. Intra- and inter-day R.S.D. values are approximately 7% at sample concentrations around 25 micrograms ml-1, and approximately 3% at sample concentrations around 500 micrograms ml-1. The limit of detection in plasma is 3.9 micrograms ml-1 (S/N = 2). The assay has been used to quantitate the diastereoisomers of BSO in patient samples in a pharmacokinetic study.
|
['Electrophoresis, Capillary', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 8,925,065
|
[['E05.196.401.190', 'E05.301.300.190'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D08.811.464.259.850.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evidence for a repetitive (burst) firing pattern in a sub-population of 5-hydroxytryptamine neurons in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of the rat.
|
Previous electrophysiological studies have shown that spontaneously active mesencephalic 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurons of anaesthetized or freely moving animals fire solitary spikes in a slow, regular pattern. In the present study, using extracellular single unit recordings from dorsal and median raphe neurons of the anaesthetized rat, an additional electrophysiological property of a sub-population of presumed 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurons was observed. These neurons, during their otherwise regular firing pattern, repeatedly fired two (or occasionally three or even four) spikes where only one was expected. Spikes in this burst-like repetitive firing mode (spikes in doublets or triplets) occurred in a short time interval (range: 2.4-11.5 ms), and with a diminishing spike amplitude. Cross-correlation analysis of spikes in doublets revealed a very high interdependency between them. The proportion of spikes in doublets to solitary spikes showed great variation between different neurons, ranging from 5 to 95% of the total spikes displayed. However, for each neuron the proportion of spikes in doublets to solitary spikes, and the time interval between the spikes in doublets, remained constant during control recordings. All these features are characteristic of single neurons firing in a repetitive firing pattern rather than simultaneous recordings of two separate 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurons. Repetitive firing neurons were recorded with a similar frequency in both chloral hydrate and Saffan anaesthetized rats, and were detected using both glass and metal electrodes. Furthermore, neurons with a repetitive firing pattern were inhibited by intravenous administration of a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine1A receptor agonist and a 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake inhibitor, thus displaying responses typical of 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurons. Repetitive firing neurons occurred in both the dorsal and median raphe nuclei, although they were much more frequent in the dorsal raphe nucleus (91 of 332 neurons). The occurrence of repetitive firing neurons in the midbrain raphe nuclei is a newly described phenomenon which may indicate unique properties of a sub-population of 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurons. In functional terms, it could modify both axonal and dendritic 5-hydroxytryptamine release, and provide an additional option for neuronal information signalling.
|
['8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin', 'Anesthetics', 'Animals', 'Electrophysiology', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Paroxetine', 'Raphe Nuclei', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Serotonin', 'Serotonin Receptor Agonists', 'Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors']
| 8,637,617
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.400', 'D04.615.638.960.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.100', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100'], ['B01.050'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D03.383.621.600'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.618', 'A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.562', 'A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.662'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.800', 'D27.505.696.577.850.800'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.850', 'D27.505.519.625.600.850', 'D27.505.519.625.850.900', 'D27.505.696.577.600.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antigenic Detection of Human Strain of Influenza Virus A (H3N2) in Swine Populations at Three Locations in Nigeria and Ghana during the Dry Early Months of 2014.
|
Since the first detection of human H3N2 influenza virus in Taiwanese pigs in 1970, infection of pigs with wholly human viruses has been known to occur in other parts of the world. These viruses, referred to as human-like H3N2 viruses, have been known to cause clinical and subclinical infections of swine populations. Due to the paucity and complete unavailability of information on transmission of influenza viruses from other species, especially humans, to swine in Nigeria and Ghana, respectively, this study was designed to investigate the presence and prevalence of a human strain of influenza A (H3N2) in swine populations at three locations in two cities within these two West African countries in January and February, 2014. Using stratified random technique, nasal swab specimens were collected from seventy-five (75) pigs at two locations in Ibadan, Nigeria and from fifty (50) pigs in Kumasi, Ghana. These specimens were tested directly by a sensitive Quantitative Solid Phase Antigen-detection Sandwich ELISA using anti-A/Brisbane/10/2007 haemagglutinin monoclonal antibody. Influenza virus A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2) was detected among pigs at the three study locations, with an aggregate prevalence of 4.0% for the two locations in Ibadan, Nigeria and also 4.0% for Kumasi, Ghana. Transmission of influenza viruses from other species to swine portends serious sinister prospects for genetic reassortment and evolvement of novel viruses. We therefore recommend that further studies should be carried out to investigate the presence of other circulating human and avian influenza viruses in swine populations in West Africa and also determine the extent of genetic reassortment of strains circulating among these pigs. This would provide an early warning system for detection of novel influenza viruses, which could have pandemic potentials.
|
['Animal Husbandry', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Ghana', 'Humans', 'Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype', 'Influenza, Human', 'Nasal Septum', 'Nigeria', 'Orthomyxoviridae Infections', 'Seasons', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases', 'Zoonoses']
| 26,094,828
|
[['J01.040.090'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.327'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.300'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['A04.531.591'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['C01.925.782.620'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905'], ['C01.973', 'C22.969']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Benign hormone-secreting adenoma within a larger adrenocortical mass showing intensely increased activity on 18
|
Adrenal adenomas usually show 18F-FDG activity less than that of the liver parenchyma. However, lipid-poor and hormone-secreting adenomas have been reported to show mild 18F-FDG avidity. We report on a 51-year-old female with clinical symptoms of hypercortisolemia and a large right adrenal mass detected on CT. Post-contrast CT images showed an enhancing focus in the lower pole of the mass, with corresponding markedly increased activity on 18F-FDG PET/CT. Right adrenalectomy was performed and histology revealed a benign adenoma, indicating that functioning benign adenomas can show intensely increased metabolic activity on 18F-FDG mimicking malignancy.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography']
| 27,154,873
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['C04.588.322.078.265', 'C19.053.098.265', 'C19.053.347.500', 'C19.344.078.265'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid attenuates the oxidative stress-induced decrease of CD33 expression in human monocytes.
|
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a natural lignan with recognized antioxidant and beneficial properties that is isolated from Larrea tridentata. In this study, we evaluated the effect of NDGA on the downregulation of oxidant stress-induced CD33 in human monocytes (MNs). Oxidative stress was induced by iodoacetate (IAA) or hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and was evaluated using reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and cell viability. NDGA attenuates toxicity, ROS production and the oxidative stress-induced decrease of CD33 expression secondary to IAA or H(2)O(2) in human MNs. It was also shown that NDGA (20 ì M) attenuates cell death in the THP-1 cell line that is caused by treatment with either IAA or H(2)O(2). These results suggest that NDGA has a protective effect on CD33 expression, which is associated with its antioxidant activity in human MNs.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Down-Regulation', 'Glutathione', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Iodoacetates', 'Larrea', 'Masoprocol', 'Monocytes', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3']
| 23,533,689
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D02.241.081.018.487', 'D02.455.526.581.247'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.987.399'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450.582', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.550'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D12.776.503.921.400', 'D23.050.301.264.900.565', 'D23.101.100.900.565']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Truncated-view artifacts: clinical importance on CT.
|
A truncated-view artifact in CT is produced whenever any part of the patient or imaged object is present in some but not all of the views obtained for a slice. The potential to create images with this artifact exists for any CT scanner in which the fan beam (or its equivalent) does not cover the entire gantry aperture. This includes most CT systems currently on the market. Although the artifact may not create a severe visual disturbance in the image, it can alter the CT numbers in a manner that will compromise the accuracy of quantitative analyses. This report describes the nature of the truncated-view artifact and presents simulated examples for both mathematical phantoms and clinical scans. The artifact can be eliminated by assuring that the entire patient and all foreign objects are included in the field of view, or it can be minimized by placing objects that cannot be entirely within the field of view as close to the edge of the gantry aperture as possible.
|
['Humans', 'Models, Structural', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 6,602,518
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.897.280.500.545', 'L01.178.820.090.545'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Active trachoma and community use of sanitation, Ethiopia.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate, in Amhara, Ethiopia, the association between prevalence of active trachoma among children aged 1-9 years and community sanitation usage.METHODS: Between 2011 and 2014, prevalence of trachoma and household pit latrine usage were measured in five population-based cross-sectional surveys. Data on observed indicators of latrine use were aggregated into a measure of community sanitation usage calculated as the proportion of households with a latrine in use. All household members were examined for clinical signs, i.e. trachomatous inflammation, follicular and/or intense, indicative of active trachoma. Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate prevalence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for community, household and individual factors, and to evaluate modification by household latrine use and water access.FINDINGS: In surveyed areas, prevalence of active trachoma among children was estimated to be 29% (95% CI: 28-30) and mean community sanitation usage was 47% (95% CI: 45-48). Despite significant modification (p < 0.0001), no pattern in stratified ORs was detected. Summarizing across strata, community sanitation usage values of 60 to < 80% and ? 80% were associated with lower prevalence odds of active trachoma, compared with community sanitation usage of < 20% (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.57-1.03 and OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.48-0.95, respectively).CONCLUSION: In Amhara, Ethiopia, a negative correlation was observed between community sanitation usage and prevalence of active trachoma among children, highlighting the need for continued efforts to encourage higher levels of sanitation usage and to support sustained use throughout the community, not simply at the household level.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Ethiopia', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Odds Ratio', 'Prevalence', 'Sanitation', 'Toilet Facilities', 'Trachoma']
| 28,479,620
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.058.290.120.310'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['H02.229.782', 'N06.850.780.200.800', 'N06.850.860'], ['J03.962', 'N06.850.780.200.800.800.795', 'N06.850.860.510.490'], ['C01.150.252.289.225.800', 'C01.150.252.400.210.125.745', 'C01.375.354.220.800', 'C11.187.183.220.889', 'C11.204.813', 'C11.294.354.220.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Weakness and 'tiredness': when to suspect myasthenia gravis.
|
Initial complaints of bulbar paresis may be problems with chewing and swallowing. Patients often choose to eat soft puddings and cereals rather than meats or hard fruits because of the fatigue associated with chewing. Immunosuppressive therapy with prednisone can result in a long-lasting remission, and is recommended especially for those patients who are older or are medically unable to tolerate surgical treatment.
|
['Aged', 'Antibodies', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Edrophonium', 'Electromyography', 'Fatigue', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myasthenia Gravis', 'Physical Examination', 'Plasmapheresis', 'Prednisone', 'Receptors, Cholinergic', 'Thymectomy']
| 3,965,358
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['E01.171'], ['D02.092.877.674.333', 'D02.675.276.352'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['C23.888.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.614.550.500', 'C04.730.856.490', 'C10.114.656', 'C10.574.781.588', 'C10.668.758.725', 'C20.111.258.500'], ['E01.370.600'], ['E02.120.770', 'E02.912.715', 'E04.292.869'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.360'], ['E04.928.770']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Adult right lobe live donor liver transplantation without reconstruction of the middle hepatic vein: a single-center study of 109 cases.
|
We report our experience in adult-to-adult right hepatic lobe living donor liver transplantation (ALDLT) using extension of the hepatectomy transection line medially to incorporate the right middle hepatic vein branches into the donor graft. One hundred and nine ALDLT were performed at the University of Colorado from August 1997 to December 2005. Donors were screened preoperatively for hepatic venous anatomy compatible with this technique. Of the 109 ALDLT, the first 10 did not include the right middle hepatic vein branches in the graft. As such, three patients required retransplantation, two from graft loss because of venous congestion. Of the next 99 transplants, only 11 required retransplantation and none because of venous congestion. This approach allows adequate venous outflow through the right hepatic vein more than 1 cm, which is demonstrated by the absence of graft loss from venous congestion and superior graft survival.
|
['Functional Laterality', 'Graft Survival', 'Hepatectomy', 'Hepatic Veins', 'Humans', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Living Donors', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Tissue and Organ Harvesting']
| 18,337,674
|
[['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['E04.210.556'], ['A07.015.908.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['M01.898.656'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E04.936.537']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Risk of clot formation in femoral arterial sheaths maintained overnight for neuroangiographic procedures.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of blood clots in femoral arterial sheaths maintained after cerebral angiography and the effect of heparinized saline on clot formation.METHODS: Twenty-three sheaths were evaluated in 18 patients. Sheaths were maintained for 14 to 80 hours (average, 33 hours; median, 24 hours). After the sheaths were removed, they were vigorously flushed with 60 mL of normal saline and the number and size of clots found in each sheath were recorded. Additionally, patients' age, catheter size, presence of heparin, amount of time the sheath was kept in the artery, and patients' coagulation status were recorded.RESULTS: Clots were found in 17 (74%) of the 23 sheaths. Ten catheters had continuous heparin drip, of which seven (70%) sustained clots. Of the 13 sheaths without heparin, 10 sustained clots (77%). The difference was not statistically significant. The average number of clots was 2.2, and the maximal length of clots ranged from 0.5 to 105 mm. No thromboembolic complications associated with sheath placement were encountered in our patient population.CONCLUSION: Blood clots are present in the vast majority of intraarterial sheaths maintained after cerebral angiography. These clots constitute a risk of thromboembolic complications in the event of repeat angiography. Sheath exchange should be considered before obtaining repeat cerebral angiograms.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Coagulation', 'Catheterization, Peripheral', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Female', 'Femoral Artery', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Thromboembolism', 'Time Factors']
| 10,094,358
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G09.188.390.150'], ['E02.148.224', 'E04.100.814.529.937', 'E04.502.382.937', 'E05.157.375'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['C14.907.355.590'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Research survey on the information gathering methods, attitudes, and requests from care managers about the pharmaceutical service by pharmacists in home care].
|
Care Managers (CMs) were surveyed to clarify the issues involving the promotion of cooperation between care managers and pharmacists in long-term-care and explore solutions. The length of work experience, occupational background, experience of pharmaceutical service; pharmacist visit patients' home for providing medicine and pharmaceutical care into a care plan, degree of understanding on pharmaceutical service, and awareness of work involved in pharmaceutical service were studied to see whether there made differences in the requests from CMs for information on pharmacists and for information gathering methods. The ÷(2) test was used to this end. The opinions and requests described by the CMs were validated through text mining. More CMs tended to obtain information and knowledge through training sessions and professional magazines than those who did so through cooperation with pharmacists on a practical level. However, the survey strongly indicated that CMs with high level of understanding and awareness of pharmaceutical service wished to obtain information on pharmacists through cooperation with them on a practical level, and CMs with low level of understanding and awareness of pharmaceutical service wished to obtain such information through training sessions and professional magazines. Results of text mining showed that CMs wished pharmacists to strengthen the cooperation with physicians and provide information on pharmaceutical service. These findings have led to the conclusion that the issues surrounding the promotion of cooperation between CMs and pharmacists centered around "work cooperation on a practical level" and "provision of information to CMs about the roles of pharmacies and pharmacists and their work."
|
['Home Care Services', 'House Calls', 'Humans', 'Long-Term Care', 'Patient Care Management', 'Patient Care Planning', 'Pharmaceutical Services', 'Pharmacies', 'Pharmacists']
| 21,532,281
|
[['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['N04.452.758.307'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.476', 'N02.421.585.476'], ['N04.590'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['N02.421.668'], ['N02.278.678'], ['M01.526.485.780', 'N02.360.780']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis of fluorescent C2-bridged teraryls and quateraryls for blue, sky-blue, and green color light-emitting devices.
|
A series of fluorescent teraryls and quateraryls were prepared from a ketene-S,S-acetal under mild conditions. These compounds exhibited blue, sky-blue and green color emissions both in the solid state and in a solution with good quantum yields, positive solvatochromic behavior, and reversible oxidation and reduction properties. The electronic characteristics of teraryl 6a and quateraryls 9a,b were examined by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. Light-emitting devices were fabricated from teraryl 6a and quateraryls 9a,b as dyes and the configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS (40 nm)/NPB (20 nm)/ dye (50 nm)/BCP (7 nm)/ LiF (0.7 nm)/Al (200 nm), which exhibited electroluminescence maxima of 455, 480, and 525 nm, respectively. These devices operated at a substantially low turn-on voltage (3 and 4 V) and exhibited maximum luminance efficiencies of 0.62, 0.57, and 1.9 cd/A and brightnesses of 59, 160, and 1284 cd/m(2), respectively.
|
['Acetals', 'Electronics', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Ketones', 'Light', 'Luminescent Agents', 'Molecular Structure', 'Quantum Theory']
| 25,340,860
|
[['D02.355.071'], ['H01.671.293'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D02.522'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D27.720.470.410.505'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['H01.671.579.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mesalazine-induced lupus.
|
We report a case of lupus induced by mesalazine therapy taken for over a year for Crohn's disease. The patient had polyarthritis, alopecia, lymphoneutropenia, antinuclear factors, anti-histone antibodies, anti-Sm and anti-RNP. Discontinuation of mesalazine was followed by rapid resolution of the joint manifestations, alopecia and lymphoneutropenia; the anti-histone antibodies fell to undetectable levels and the titers of the other auto-antibodies decreased gradually.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Crohn Disease', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Humans', 'Lupus Vulgaris', 'Mesalamine', 'Middle Aged']
| 9,385,697
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.819.820.470', 'C01.800.720.820.470', 'C17.800.838.765.820.470'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.300.500', 'D02.241.223.100.300.595.100.540', 'D02.241.511.390.595.100.540', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.452.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595.100.540', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.100.540'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ethanol-induced alterations in lymphocyte function in the guinea pig.
|
Infections and chronic liver injury are common causes of morbidity and mortality in alcoholics, and both of these may be related to an altered immune response. This study describes a guinea pig model of chronic ethanolism designed to selectively study the cellular immune system in a setting free from the malnutrition, socioeconomic deprivation, and severe underlying hepatic dysfunction seen in human disease. Animals were given 2.5 g/kg/day of ethanol as a 15% solution in 0.9% NaCl or isocaloric-dextrose-saline control solution intraperitoneally in 2 divided doses for 5 weeks. At 2 weeks, the mean serum ethanol level 1 hr after treatment was 20.4 mM (range 8.9-30.6) while the mean serum acetaldehyde level was 55.1 microM (range 17.0-111). At 5 weeks the serum levels for ethanol and acetaldehyde were 20.1 mM (13.3-32.9) and 41.5 microM (2.4-87.6), respectively. Weight gain was persistent throughout the study and did not differ significantly between ethanol and control groups. After 5 weeks of treatment, lymphocyte response to the mitogens, phytohemagglutinin, and concanavalin A was significantly decreased in the ethanol treated group (p less than 0.05). Response to the specific antigen, picrylated human serum albumin, T & B cell per cent and number, skin test reactivity, peripheral white blood cell count, total lymphocyte count, and migration inhibitory factor production were not significantly altered by 5 weeks of ethanol treatment. Therefore, in a controlled animal model of chronic ethanolism, we observed a significant depression of lymphocyte blastogenic response which may, in part, explain the increased propensity to infection by intracellular pathogens seen in alcoholics.
|
['Animals', 'Ethanol', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes', 'Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors', 'Skin Tests']
| 6,370,025
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.033.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D12.644.276.374.480.625', 'D12.776.467.374.480.625', 'D23.125.477.500', 'D23.529.374.480.625'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nanoformulation of paclitaxel to enhance cancer therapy.
|
UNLABELLED: Paclitaxel is a microtubule inhibitor causing mitotic arrest and is widely used in cancer chemotherapy. However, its poor water solubility restricts its direct clinical applications. In this article, we report paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles that are water soluble and that can improve the drug's bio-distribution and therapeutic efficacy. Paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles were synthesized by using Pluronic copolymers (F-68 and P-123) and surfactant (Span 40) as nanocarrier. The toxicity and cellular uptake of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles were evaluated. The paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles can completely disperse into phosphate buffer saline to produce a clear aqueous suspension. Based on HPLC analysis, the drug-loading rate is 9.0 ± 0.1% while drug encapsulation efficiency is 99.0 ± 1.0%. The cytotoxicity assay was performed using breast cancer MCF-7 and cervical cancer Hela cells. For MCF-7 cells, the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles and paclitaxel are 8.5 ± 0.3 and 14.0 ± 0.7 ng/mL at 48 hours and 3.5 ± 0.4 and 5.2 ± 0.5 ng/mL at 72 hours across several runs. IC50 of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles and paclitaxel for Hela cells are 5.0 ± 0.3 and 8.0 ± 0.3 ng/mL at 48 hours and 2.0 ± 0.1 and 6.5 ± 0.3 ng/mL at 72 hours. In-vitro studies show that the drug's nanoformulation gives obvious enhancements in the drug's efficiency at killing cancer cells over paclitaxel alone. Materials of the nanocarrier used for nanoformulation are approved with low toxicity according to the result of cell studies.CONCLUSION: paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles greatly improved the physicochemical properties of paclitaxel without modifying its chemical structure, allowing for deep-site cancer drug delivery and enhancing the drug therapeutic efficiency.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Drug Carriers', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Nanoparticles', 'Neoplasms', 'Paclitaxel', 'Poloxamer']
| 22,561,979
|
[['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['C04'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.682', 'D05.750.741.667', 'D25.720.741.667', 'J01.637.051.720.741.667']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of supplemental dietary glutamine on methotrexate concentrations in tumors.
|
This study evaluated the effects of supplemental dietary glutamine (GLN) on methotrexate sodium concentrations in tumors and serum of sarcoma-bearing rats following the initiation of methotrexate. After randomization to a GLN diet (+GLN) or GLN-free diet (-GLN), tumor-bearing rats received 20 mg/kg of methotrexate sodium by intraperitoneal injection. The provision of supplemental GLN in the diet increased methotrexate concentrations in tumor tissues at 24 and 48 hours (38.0 +/- 0.20 nmol/g for the +GLN group vs 28.8 +/- 0.10 nmol/g for the -GLN group and 35.6 +/- 0.18 nmol/g for the +GLN group vs 32.5 +/- 0.16 nmol/g for the -GLN group, respectively). Arterial methotrexate levels were elevated only at 48 hours (0.147 +/- 0.007 microns/L for the +GLN group vs 0.120 +/- 0.006 microns/L for the -GLN group). Tumor morphometrics were not different between the groups but significantly greater tumor volume loss was seen even at 24 hours (-2.41 +/- 1.3 cm3 for the +GLN group vs -0.016 +/- 0.9 cm3 for the -GLN group). Tumor glutaminase activity was suppressed in both groups at 48 hours, but more so in the +GLN group (0.94 +/- 0.13 mumol/g per hour for the +GLN group vs 1.47 +/- 0.22 mumol/g per hour for the -GLN group). This study suggests that GLN may have therapeutic as well as nutritional benefit in oncology patients.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drug Synergism', 'Energy Intake', 'Glutamine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methotrexate', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Sarcoma, Experimental']
| 1,444,793
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['D12.125.068.330', 'D12.125.095.461', 'D12.125.154.424'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['C04.557.450.795.830', 'C04.619.857', 'E05.598.500.496.968']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Differences in risk of malignancy and management recommendations in subcategories of thyroid nodules with atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance: the role of ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy.
|
BACKGROUND: The cytopathologic description of atypia of undetermined significance (AUS)/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS) includes nine different criteria in The Bethesda System, and the risk of malignancy in this category shows a wide range. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether ultrasound (US)-guided core-needle biopsy (CNB) indicates a different malignant risk, and to identify management recommendations, malignant US findings, and distribution of CNB readings in subcategories of AUS/FLUS category, as seen on previous thyroid fine-needle aspiration readings.METHODS: From October 2008 to July 2011, 191 thyroid nodules of 191 patients who had previously been diagnosed with nuclear atypia (Group AUS; n=84) and microfollicular architecture (Group FLUS; n=107) were enrolled in our retrospective study. Final diagnoses were obtained in 142 nodules after surgery and clinico-radiological follow-up. We compared the malignancy risk, management recommendation, malignant US findings, and distribution of CNB readings between the two groups and calculated the diagnostic value of CNB.RESULTS: With CNB, the final malignancy results were greater in Group AUS (65%, 33/51) than Group FLUS (14.3%, 13/91; p<0.001), and there were more surgical candidates in Group AUS (57.8%, 46/84) than Group FLUS (19.6%, 21/107; p<0.001). CNB showed 95.8% diagnostic accuracy for identifying malignancies and 19.4% inconclusive readings. Malignant US findings were seen more frequently in Group AUS (76.5%, 39/51) than Group FLUS (52.7%, 48/91; p=0.007). Malignant CNB readings were statistically more frequent in Group AUS (49.2%, 41/84) than Group FLUS (9.4%, 10/107; p<0.001), and benign readings were statistically more frequent in Group FLUS (58.9%, 63/107) than Group AUS (28.6%, 24/84; p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: US-guided CNB demonstrated that Group AUS showed a higher risk of malignancy, of becoming surgical candidates, of having malignant US findings, and of having malignant CNB readings than Group FLUS. Further management guidelines for Group AUS should differ from Group FLUS.
|
['Adenocarcinoma, Follicular', 'Adult', 'Biopsy, Large-Core Needle', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Thyroid Nodule', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional']
| 23,947,771
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.060'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119.750', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119.750', 'E01.370.388.100.100.750', 'E04.074.119.750', 'E04.665.100.750', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119.750', 'E05.200.998.054.119.750', 'E05.242.384.100.119.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A06.300.900'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['C04.588.322.894.800', 'C04.588.443.915.800', 'C19.344.894.800', 'C19.874.788.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of different doses of sufentanil on stress responses to tracheal intubation in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery].
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of different doses of sufentanil on stress responses to tracheal intubation in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery.METHODS: Sixty patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15). Before the tracheal intubation, patients received 10microg/kg fentanyl (Group A), 1microg/kg sufentanil (Group B ), 1.5micro/kg sufentanil (Group C), and 1.5microg/kg sufentanil (Group D), respectively, with midazolum and vecuronium intravenous injection. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded before the induction of anesthesia(T(0)), after the induction of anesthesia(T(1)), and at 1(T(2)), 3(T(3)), 5(T(4)), and 10 min after the tracheal intubation(T(5)). Rate-pressure product was derived from SBP and HR. Blood sugar was monitored at T(0), T(2) and T5.RESULTS: The SBP,DBP,MAP, HR and RPP at T(0) were not significantly different among the 4 groups (P>0.05). These parameters at T(1) were significantly lower than those at T(0) (P<0.01), but there was not significant difference among the 4 groups. The SBP, DBP, MAP in Group A increased significantly at T(2) and T(3) than those at T(1)(P<0.01 approximately 0.05), but were not significantly different than those at T(0)(P>0.05). The SBP,MAP in Group B,C,D at T(2) and T(3) were significantly lower than those in Group A (P<0.01 approximately 0.05 ). The SBP and MAP in Group D at T(4) were still lower than those in Group A (P<0.05). The HR at T(2) in Group A increased compared with that at T(1)(P<0.05),but was still lower than that at T(0). The HR at T(2) in Group B, C, and D was not significantly changed. The HR decreased significantly at T(2) in Group D compared with that in Group A(P<0.05), and the HR at T5 in Group A and D significantly decreased compared with that in Group B(P<0.05). The RPP at T(1) to T5 in Group B, C, and D significantly decreased compared with that at T(0)(P<0.01). The RPP at T(2) in Group A increased significantly compared with those in Group B, C, and D(P<0.01). The cases of using atropine during the induction and intubation in Group A,B,C, and D were 5(33.3%),0(0%),4(26.7%),5(33.3%),respectively, and the cases in Group B were significantly different compared with those in Group A and D(P<0.05). The change of blood sugar in Group A,B,C, and D was not significantly different(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Three doses of sufentanil may effectively control the stress responses to the tracheal intubation in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery, and the hemodynamics during the intubation at 1microg/kg is much more stable.
|
['Adjuvants, Anesthesia', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Heart Valve Diseases', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Sufentanil', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,611,335
|
[['D27.505.954.427.010'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['C14.280.484'], ['E04.100.376.485', 'E04.650.410', 'E04.928.220.410'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.775'], ['D03.383.621.265.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Is TRAP-6 suitable as a positive control for platelet reactivity when assessing response to clopidogrel?
|
Adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP) inducible aggregation is used to assess platelet response to thienopyridines. Thrombin receptor-activating peptide-6 (TRAP-6) inducible aggregation may serve as a positive control because it acts via the thrombin receptor protease-activating receptor-1, which is not blocked by thienopyridines. We therefore investigated if TRAP-6 is suitable as a positive control when assessing residual platelet reactivity to ADP. Platelet response to clopidogrel was assessed in 200 patients on dual antiplatelet therapy using ADP inducible platelet aggregation by light transmission aggregometry (LTA), multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA), and the shear-dependent Impact-R. Test specificities were monitored by TRAP-6 inducible platelet aggregation. The aggregation-independent vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation assay served for comparisons. ADP inducible aggregation was correlated to that by TRAP-6 (r = 0.33 to 0.72; p < 0.001 for all assays). A linear correlation was seen within MEA (r = 0.72). LTA TRAP-6 correlated weakly with the VASP assay (r = 0.19; p = 0.01), while there were no correlations of TRAP-6 responses by MEA or the Impact-R with the VASP assay (r = 0.03 and −0.09; p > 0.05). In all three assays, differences between ADP and TRAP-6 inducible aggregation varied considerably. Within MEA, TRAP-6 inducible aggregation was almost always stronger than ADP inducible aggregation, while within LTA and the Impact-R, weak responses to ADP were associated with both, weak and strong responses to TRAP-6. In conclusion, the application of TRAP-6 as a positive control for platelet reactivity has major limitations and results need to be cautiously interpreted on an individual basis.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Aged', 'Blood Platelets', 'Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Clopidogrel', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microfilament Proteins', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Platelet Function Tests', 'Ticlopidine']
| 20,624,009
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D12.776.395.550.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200', 'D23.050.301.350'], ['D02.886.778.823.500.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.730', 'D12.776.220.525'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E01.370.225.625.625', 'E05.200.625.625'], ['D02.886.778.823.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Activity of CMP-2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid synthetase in Escherichia coli strains expressing the capsular K5 polysaccharide implication for K5 polysaccharide biosynthesis.
|
The activity of the cytoplasmic CMP-2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid synthetase (CMP-KDO synthetase), which is low in Escherichia coli rough strains such as E. coli K-12 and in uncapsulated strains such as E. coli O111, was significantly elevated in encapsulated E. coli O10:K5 and O18:K5. This enzyme activity was even higher in an E. coli clone expressing the K5 capsule. This and the following findings suggest a correlation between elevated CMP-KDO synthetase activity and the biosynthesis of the capsular K5 polysaccharide. (i) Expression of the K5 polysaccharide and elevated CMP-KDO synthetase activity were observed with bacteria grown at 37 degrees C but not with cells grown at 20 degrees C or below. (ii) The recovery kinetics of capsule expression of intact bacteria, in vitro K5 polysaccharide-synthesizing activity of bacteria, and CMP-KDO synthetase activity of bacteria after temperature upshift from 18 to 37 degrees C were the same. (iii) Chemicals which inhibit capsule (polysaccharide) expression also inhibited the elevation of CMP-KDO synthetase activity. The chromosomal location of the gene responsible for the elevation of this enzyme activity was narrowed down to the distal segment of the transport region of the K5 expression genes.
|
['Cloning, Molecular', 'Cytosol', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Hexosyltransferases', 'Nucleotidyltransferases', 'Polysaccharides, Bacterial', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Temperature']
| 2,542,215
|
[['E05.393.220'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['D08.811.913.400.450'], ['D08.811.913.696.445'], ['D09.698.718', 'D23.050.161.616'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of Individual and Combined Treatments of Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Salt on Growth and Corticosterone Levels of Larval Southern Leopard Frogs (Lithobates sphenocephala).
|
Human activities have introduced a variety of chemicals, including pesticides, fertilizers, and salt, into the environment, which may have deleterious effects on the organisms inhabiting these areas. Amphibians are especially susceptible to absorption of chemical pollutants. To determine the possible combined effects of these chemicals on amphibian development and stress levels, Southern leopard frog (Lithobates sphenocephala) larvae were exposed to one of eight individual or combined treatments of atrazine, ammonium nitrate fertilizer, and sodium chloride salt. Stress levels, indicated by release of the stress hormone corticosterone, were measured premetamorphosis at week 8 of development. Water hormone samples were processed to analyze corticosterone levels. Changes in tadpole growth were determined by surface area measurements taken from biweekly photographs. The combined chemical treatment of atrazine, salt, and fertilizer had a significant interactive effect by increasing stress levels before metamorphosis (p = 0.003). After a month of larval development, tadpoles exposed to ammonium nitrate had larger surface area (p = 0.035). Tadpoles exposed to atrazine had a lower growth rate throughout larval development (p = 0.025) and the lowest number of individuals reaching metamorphosis at 33%. However, the frogs in the atrazine treatment that did successfully metamorphose did so in fewer days (p = 0.002). Because amphibians are exposed to multiple chemicals simultaneously in the environment, assessing the effects of a combination of contaminants is necessary to improve application strategies and ecosystem health.
|
['Animals', 'Atrazine', 'Corticosterone', 'Female', 'Fertilizers', 'Larva', 'Metamorphosis, Biological', 'Nitrates', 'Periphyton', 'Pesticides', 'Phytoplankton', 'Rana pipiens', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 31,020,372
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.931.247'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['D27.720.031.400'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['G07.345.500.550'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['B05.080.250', 'G06.591.937', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.937', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.875'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['B05.080.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.708.310'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Traumatic wound dehiscence after corneal graft.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Any trauma to a corneal transplanted eye is likely to lacerate the corneal wound because of persistent wound weakness, even years after keratoplasty. We evaluate the risks and consequences of trauma after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP).METHODS: Records of 11 patients who had been treated in our department from 1992 to 1998 for traumatic wound dehiscence after PKP were reviewed for the type of insult, visual acuity, operative methods, and outcome.RESULTS: The period between corneal grafting and wound rupture ranged from two months to three years. In 9 patients, the sutures were still in place. All the ruptures occurred at the donor-recipient interface. In 5 patients, the rupture was in the inferior half of the wound, in another 5 patients in the superior half, and in 1 patient it was nasal. In all the patients, the extent of the rupture was over 120 degrees and the lens was effected. All the patients had posterior segment involvement, the extent of which was related to the visual outcome. One eye was enucleated, another eye regrafted, and 8 of the remaining 9 grafts were restored and remained transparent.CONCLUSIONS: Despite severe trauma, most of the grafts' clarity can be restored, and good visual results can be achieved.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Corneal Injuries', 'Eye Injuries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratoplasty, Penetrating', 'Lens, Crystalline', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Surgical Wound Dehiscence', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity', 'Wounds, Nonpenetrating']
| 11,725,770
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.900.300.284.250.124', 'C11.204.284', 'C11.297.374', 'C26.915.300.425.250.124'], ['C10.900.300.284.250', 'C11.297', 'C26.915.300.425.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.147.725.225.350', 'E04.540.825.374.350', 'E04.936.580.225.350'], ['A09.371.060.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C23.550.767.887'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['C26.974']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A comparative clinical trial of artemether and quinine in children with severe malaria.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of artemether and quinine in the treatment of severe malaria in hospitalized children.STUDY DESIGN: Open randomized trial.SETTING: Pediatric ward of a tertiary care center.METHODS: All children admitted with clinical manifestations of severe malaria (as per WHO criteria) and asexual forms of Plasmodium falciparum demonstrated on peripheral smear were randomized to receive either artemether or quinine. Their clinical status and smears for parasite count were assessed every 12 hours until two successive blood films were negative. The primary end point of the study was death in the hospital and residual damage to the organ involved. The secondary end points were clearance of parasites and fever, length of time of recovery from coma and normal functions of the involved system.RESULTS: Forty-six cases completed the study protocol, 23 assigned to each drug group. Cerebral malaria was the commonest manifestation (76.1%). Mean age in artemether versus quinine group (6.6 +/- 3.5 and 5.8 +/- 2.4 years) as well as degree of parasitemia at admission (55,800 and 60,300 per microlitre) were comparable. The overall mortality rate was 23.9% with no significant difference between the two groups. Twenty six cases (56.5%) presented with more than one manifestations of severe malaria. The mortality rate was 100% with four coexisting manifestations of severe malaria. Fever clearance time in artemether and quinine group was 44.5 and 45.9 hours respectively (P >0.05). Parasite clearance time was significantly shorter in artemether group (40.9 vs. 51.9 hours; P<0.001). Recovery from coma was shorter in artemether group (34.8 vs. 38.1 hours; P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Cerebral malaria is the most common manifestation of severe malaria in children. Artemether is a good alternative drug to quinine for P. falciparum malaria. Mortality rate is directly proportional to the number of coexisting manifestations of severe malaria.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antimalarials', 'Artemether', 'Artemisinins', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Malaria', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quinine', 'Sesquiterpenes', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 14,581,730
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.085'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.212.250', 'D01.339.431.374.212.250', 'D01.650.550.750.200.250', 'D02.389.338.055.250', 'D02.455.849.765.211.250'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.212', 'D01.339.431.374.212', 'D01.650.550.750.200', 'D02.389.338.055', 'D02.455.849.765.211'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D03.132.206.719', 'D03.605.687.762', 'D03.633.100.810.762'], ['D02.455.849.765'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Stoichiometric and microenvironmental effects on hydrolysis of propantheline and oxyphenonium bromides in cyclodextrin solutions.
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The effects of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins (CDs) on the basic hydrolysis of propantheline bromide (PB) and oxyphenonium bromide (OB) are analyzed in terms of the stoichiometry and microenvironments of their complexes. The rate constant of each species is evaluated with binding constant data for the 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 complexes. The dielectric constant of the binding site of PB is estimated from the ultraviolet maximum wavelength in reference with the ethanol-water and dioxane-water systems. The energy-optimized structures of some complexes of PB with beta- and gamma-CD are obtained by molecular mechanics. Because the ester linkage of PB in the 1:1 complex with alpha-CD and in the 2:1 complex with gamma-CD is located near hydroxyls of the CD rim, these complexes catalyze the hydrolysis of PB. In contrast, the hydrolysis is inhibited by the formation of the 1:1 and 1:2 complexes of beta-CD and the 1:1 complex of gamma-CD because the ester linkage of PB is rather deeply incorporated into the CD cavities for these complexes. All the CDs inhibit the hydrolysis of OB. The rate constant of the 1:1 complex of OB and CD is in the decreasing order alpha-CD > gamma-CD > beta-CD. This order is consistent with that of the local dielectric constants of the binding sites.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Cyclodextrins', 'Environment', 'Hydrolysis', 'Models, Molecular', 'Oxyphenonium', 'Propantheline', 'Solutions', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 11,357,177
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D04.345.103', 'D09.301.915.400.375', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['G02.380'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D02.092.877.648', 'D02.675.276.648'], ['D02.092.877.700', 'D02.675.276.700', 'D03.633.300.953.558'], ['D26.776'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Trauma, depression, coping, and mental health service seeking among impoverished women.
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The authors examined the relationship among trauma, coping, depression, and mental health service seeking in a probability sample of sheltered homeless and low-income housed women. Results highlight the diversity of trauma. In a longitudinal analysis, women who lived in shelters or experienced major violence had a twofold increase in their risk of depression over the 6-month follow-up. In a cross-sectional analysis, childhood sexual abuse, living in a shelter, physical violence, childhood physical abuse, and death or injury of a friend or relative predicted avoidant coping and symptoms of depression. Active coping and depression predicted mental health service seeking among traumatized women. Modifying coping strategies may ameliorate some of the negative impact of trauma and potentially enhance mental health service use among at-risk women.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Homeless Persons', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 16,173,854
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['M01.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cellular aging dynamics after acute malaria infection: A 12-month longitudinal study.
|
Accelerated cellular aging and reduced lifespan have recently been shown in birds chronically infected with malaria parasites. Whether malaria infection also affects cellular aging in humans has not been reported. Here, we assessed the effect of a single acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection on cellular aging dynamics in travelers prospectively followed over one year in Sweden. DNA and RNA were extracted from venous blood collected at the time of admission and repeatedly up to one year. Telomere length was measured using real-time quantitative PCR, while telomerase activity and CDKN2A expression were measured by reverse transcriptase (RT)-qPCR. Our results show that acute malaria infection affects cellular aging as reflected by elevated levels of CDKN2A expression, lower telomerase activity, and substantial telomere shortening during the first three months postinfection. After that CDKN2A expression declined, telomerase activity increased and telomere length was gradually restored over one year, reflecting that cellular aging was reversed. These findings demonstrate that malaria infection affects cellular aging and the underlying cellular mechanism by which pathogens can affect host cellular aging and longevity need to be elucidated. Our results urge the need to investigate whether repeated malaria infections have more pronounced and long-lasting effects on cellular aging and lifespan (similarly to what was observed in birds) in populations living in malaria endemic areas.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cellular Senescence', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longevity', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Malaria', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Telomerase', 'Telomere']
| 29,143,441
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G04.043'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.750', 'D12.776.157.687.613', 'D12.776.157.725.500.921', 'D12.776.660.720.613', 'D12.776.664.962.500.921'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in the hamster geniculo-suprachiasmatic tract.
|
The distributions of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and avian pancreatic polypeptide (APP) immunoreactivity were examined in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the geniculate area of male golden hamster brains. In some cases, colchicine was injected intraventricularly to aid in visualization of immunoreactive cell bodies. A group of hamsters were given bilateral or unilateral radiofrequency lesions of the geniculate area and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity was examined in the suprachiasmatic nucleus after survival times varying between 8 and 300 days. Another group of hamsters received unilateral intraocular injections of anterograde tracers and the overlap of NPY-immunoreactive cells in the geniculate area and labeled retinal afferents was assessed. It was found that NPY- and APP-immunoreactive fibers formed a dense plexus in the ventro-lateral suprachiasmatic nucleus. NPY-immunoreactive cell bodies were observed in the intergeniculate leaflet as well as in the external lamina of the anterior portion of the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus. Unilateral lesions of the geniculate produced a relative reduction in neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in the ipsilateral suprachiasmatic nucleus whereas bilateral lesions produced a reduction of neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in both suprachiasmatic nuclei. All NPY-immunoreactive cells in the intergeniculate leaflet were overlapped by bilateral retinal afferents. In the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus, all NPY-immunoreactive cells were overlapped by contralateral retinal afferents; however, not all such cells were in areas receiving ipsilateral retinal afferents. These results indicate that the hamster geniculo-suprachiasmatic tract originates in part from NPY-immunoreactive cell bodies and that these cells lie in areas receiving direct retinal afferents.
|
['Animals', 'Cricetinae', 'Geniculate Bodies', 'Male', 'Mesocricetus', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neuropeptide Y', 'Pancreatic Polypeptide', 'Suprachiasmatic Nucleus', 'Visual Pathways']
| 3,840,718
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D12.644.400.500', 'D12.776.631.650.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.700', 'D12.644.400.600', 'D12.644.548.586.700', 'D12.776.631.650.600'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.342.625', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.342.625'], ['A08.612.220.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The island thoracoacromial artery muscle perforator flap.
|
Descriptions of muscle perforator flaps incorporating the same skin territory of almost all known musculocutaneous flaps reflect their versatility. The pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap is a proven "workhorse" flap, especially for head and neck reconstruction. Yet, the corresponding thoracoacromial artery muscle perforator flap has been relatively overlooked, with few clinical experiences reported, presumably because of the highly variable and diminutive perforators emanating from this source vessel. However, in certain circumstances, this can be another alternative as a local muscle perforator flap for the transfer of chest skin to adjacent defects. Two clinical examples using the island thoracoacromial artery perforator flap prove that this can sometimes be a viable option also for head and neck reconstruction.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arteries', 'Chin', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neck', 'Pectoralis Muscles', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 21,042,182
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.114'], ['A01.456.505.259', 'A02.835.232.781.324.502.632.130', 'A14.521.632.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.598'], ['A02.633.567.775'], ['E04.680'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Alternate-day treatment with S-1 in patients with gastric cancer: a retrospective study of strategies for reducing toxicity.
|
BACKGROUND: In patients with adverse events of S-1, the dose is generally reduced or the treatment cycle is shortened. Whether the therapeutic effectiveness of modified regimens is similar to that of the standard dosage remains unclear.METHODS: We retrospectively studied patients with gastric cancer who received S-1 on alternate days.RESULTS: A total of 266 patients received S-1 on alternate days. In 116 patients, S-1 was initially given at the standard dosage but was switched to alternate-day treatment because of toxicity within 28 days on average. The other 150 patients initially received alternate-day treatment because of poor general condition. In the adjuvant chemotherapy group (n = 96), the 3-year survival rate was 88% in patients with stage II, 73% in stage IIIA, and 67% in stage IIIB who underwent D2 lymph-node dissection. In the palliative surgery group (n = 96), the response rate was 13%, with a median survival time (MST) of 624 days. In patients with unresectable/recurrent disease (n = 74), the response rate was 25%, with an MST of 338 days. Among the 116 patients who initially received treatment on consecutive days, 100% had grade 1, 53% had grade 2, and 5.2% had grade 3 adverse events. When S-1 was switched to alternate-day treatment, toxicity decreased in all patients. In the 266 patients who received alternate-day treatment, 8% had grade 1, 6% had grade 2, and 0% had grade 3 adverse events.CONCLUSION: Alternate-day treatment with S-1 may have milder adverse events without compromising therapeutic effectiveness.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Combinations', 'Female', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxonic Acid', 'Palliative Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Tegafur', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,195,683
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D26.310'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E04.446'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.931.640'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404.850'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Apoptosis-associated changes in the glycerophospholipid composition of hematopoietic progenitor cells monitored by 31P NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
|
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, plays an important role in development and in tissue homeostasis and is assumed to be accompanied by changes in the composition of cellular glycerophospholipids (GPL). We have applied a combination of 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) to the analysis of organic extracts of hematopoietic progenitor cells undergoing the physiologically relevant process of apoptosis following growth factor withdrawal. The combined application of these methods enables the quantitative analysis of all glycerophospholipid classes and reveals changes in the acyl chain compositions from crude cell extracts. Using these techniques, an increase in the ratio of ether-linked glycerophospholipids to diacyl-glycerophospholipids during apoptosis was observed. The relative decrease in the membrane diacyl-phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels was found to correlate with increased concentrations of the corresponding lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) present in the medium.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Biochemistry', 'Ethanolamines', 'Glycerol', 'Glycerophospholipids', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-3', 'Lipids', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Phospholipids', 'Phosphorylcholine', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization']
| 17,919,519
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['H01.158.201', 'H01.181.122'], ['D02.033.100.291', 'D02.033.375.291', 'D02.092.063.291'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.400', 'D12.644.276.374.465.032', 'D12.776.395.240.400', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.032', 'D23.529.374.410.240.400', 'D23.529.374.465.169'], ['D10'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D10.570.755'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.700', 'D02.675.276.232.700'], ['E05.196.566.755']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A 3' --> 5' XPB helicase defect in repair/transcription factor TFIIH of xeroderma pigmentosum group B affects both DNA repair and transcription.
|
XPB is a subunit of the basal transcription factor TFIIH, which is also involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) and potentially in cell cycle regulation. A frameshift mutation in the 3'-end of the XPB gene is responsible for a concurrence of two disorders: xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and Cockayne's syndrome (CS). We have isolated TFIIH from cells derived from a patient (XP11BE) who carries this frameshift mutation (TFIIHmut) and from the mother of this patient (TFIIHwt) to determine the biochemical consequences of the mutation. Although identical in composition and stoichiometry to TFIIHwt, TFIIHmut shows a reduced 3' --> 5' XPB helicase activity. A decrease in helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities was also observed with the mutated recombinant XPB protein. The XPB mutation causes a severe NER defect. In addition, we provide evidence for a decrease in basal transcription activity in vitro. The latter defect may provide an explanation for many of the XP and CS symptoms that are difficult to rationalize based solely on an NER defect. Thus, this work presents the first detailed analysis of a naturally occurring mutation in a basal transcription factor and supports the concept that the combined XP/CS clinical entity is actually the result of a combined transcription/repair deficiency.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'DNA Helicases', 'DNA Repair', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Kinetics', 'Lymphocytes', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Transcription Factor TFIIH', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription Factors, TFII', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Xeroderma Pigmentosum']
| 8,663,148
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159', 'D08.811.399.340'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['D13.695.578.424.450'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D12.776.260.775.875.875', 'D12.776.930.930.875.875'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.776.260.775.875', 'D12.776.930.930.875'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['C04.834.867', 'C16.131.831.936', 'C16.320.850.970', 'C17.800.600.925', 'C17.800.621.936', 'C17.800.804.936', 'C17.800.827.970', 'C18.452.284.975']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The forensic medical expertise of the holy relics of the righteous martyr Anastasiya of Uglich].
|
This article was designed to report the results of the comprehensive (historical-archival, forensic anthropological, and molecular-genetic) investigation into the holy relics of the righteous martyr Anastasiya of Uglich. The well-reasoned expert conclusion contains the scientifically sound data on the prescription of the martyr's corpse burial, age group and sexual identity of the relics, specific anthropological features of the skeleton, torture instruments, and the immediate cause of death. Taken together, the data thus obtained give evidence that the relics actually belong to one of the well-known saints of the Russian orthodox church.
|
['Burial', 'Cadaver', 'Cause of Death', 'Forensic Anthropology', 'Humans', 'Saints', 'Skeleton']
| 31,213,588
|
[['I01.076.201.450.550.150'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['I01.076.368.400', 'I01.198.780.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.844.188.715'], ['A02.835']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The role of the microtubules in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced endothelial cell permeability.
|
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, a major proinflammatory cytokine, triggers endothelial cell activation and barrier dysfunction which are implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary edema associated with acute lung injury syndromes. The mechanisms of TNF-alpha-induced vascular permeability are not completely understood. Our initial experiments demonstrated that TNF-alpha-induced decreases in transendothelial electrical resistance across human pulmonary artery endothelial cells are independent of myosin light chain phosphorylation catalyzed by either myosin light chain kinase or Rho kinase. We next assessed the involvement of another cytoskeletal component, the tubulin-based microtubule network, and found TNF-alpha to induce a decrease in stable tubulin content and partial dissolution of peripheral microtubule network as evidenced by anti-acetylated tubulin and anti-beta-tubulin immunofluorescent staining, respectively. Microtubule-stabilizing agents, paclitaxel and epothilone B, significantly attenuated TNF-alpha-induced decreases in transendothelial electrical resistance, inhibited the cytokine-induced increases in actin stress fibers, formation of intercellular gap, and restored the TNF-alpha-compromised vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin-based cell-cell junctions. Importantly, neither TNF-alpha nor paclitaxel treatment was associated with endothelial cell apoptosis. Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase by SB203580 significantly attenuated TNF-alpha-induced microtubule destabilization, actin rearrangement, and endothelial barrier dysfunction. These results strongly suggest the involvement of microtubule rearrangement in TNF-alpha-induced endothelial cell permeability via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.
|
['Actins', 'Adherens Junctions', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Apoptosis', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Electric Impedance', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Imidazoles', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Microtubules', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Paclitaxel', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Pyridines', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 12,707,013
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.020'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['G01.358.500.249.277.350'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
On the identity of Tettigonia krugeri Massa from Libya with some remarks on variability of Tettigonia species (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Tettigoniinae).
|
Morphological and genetic data allowed the authors to resurrect the name Tettigonia krugeri Massa, 1998 as a valid species. It is currently known only from two specimens (one male and one female) collected in Cirenaica (Libya).
|
['Animal Distribution', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Libya', 'Male', 'Orthoptera']
| 31,716,748
|
[['F01.145.113.069', 'G16.049'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.058.266.513'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.678']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[Morphological and biochemical adaptations to feeding in some herbivorous gastropods].
|
Diet and feeding modes as well as morphological and biochemical adaptations to feeding are analyzed in herbivorous mollusks. The content of hemoglobin in radular tissues and weight properties of the radula are evaluated for different modes of feeding.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Snails']
| 15,768,636
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors Associated With Sleep Quality in Patients With Chronic Widespread Pain Attending Multidisciplinary Treatment.
|
PURPOSE: (1) To investigate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and (2) to explore the associations between clinical, cognitive, and emotional factors and quality of sleep in patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP) receiving multidisciplinary treatment.METHOD: Baseline data were used from 163 patients with CWP referred for multidisciplinary treatment. Linear regression models were used to assess the relationship of clinical (pain, fatigue, pain interference, and disability), emotional (anxiety, depression, and psychological distress), and cognitive factors (catastrophizing, acceptance, self-efficacy, kinesiophobia and illness beliefs) with sleep quality, as measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.RESULTS: Poor sleep quality was found in 92% of the patients. The multivariable model showed that a higher level of fatigue (b = 1.77, standard error [SE] = 0.62, â = 0.21, t = 2.87, P < 0.01), psychological distress (b = 0.02, SE = 0.01, â = 0.27, t = 3.50, P < 0.01), and more concerns about the illness (b = 0.46, SE = 0.18, â = 0.20, t = 2.57, P = 0.01) were independently associated with poorer quality of sleep. The overall linear regression model explains 27.9% of sleep quality.CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients with CWP referred for multidisciplinary treatment emphasizes the need to target sleep during treatment. Further research is needed to disentangle the cause-effect relationship between fatigue, psychological distress, and concerns about the illness and poor sleep (note: this abstract has been published before [Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77:A1788]).
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Catastrophization', 'Chronic Pain', 'Fatigue', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Wake Disorders']
| 31,999,892
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.100.575', 'F01.470.132.225'], ['C23.888.592.612.274'], ['C23.888.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C10.886', 'C23.888.592.796', 'F03.870']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A proteomic analysis of seed development in Brassica campestri L.
|
To gain insights into the protein dynamics during seed development, a proteomic study on the developing Brassica campestri L. seeds with embryos in different embryogenesis stages was carried out. The seed proteins at 10, 16, 20, 25 and 35 DAP (days after pollination), respectively, were separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identities of 209 spots with altered abundance were determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS). These proteins were classified into 16 groups according to their functions. The most abundant proteins were related to primary metabolism, indicating the heavy demand of materials for rapid embryo growth. Besides, the high amount of proteins involved in protein processing and destination indicated importance of protein renewal during seed development. The remaining were those participated in oxidation/detoxification, energy, defense, transcription, protein synthesis, transporter, cell structure, signal transduction, secondary metabolism, transposition, DNA repair, storage and so on. Protein abundance profiles of each functional class were generated and hierarchical cluster analysis established 8 groups of dynamic patterns. Our results revealed novel characters of protein dynamics in seed development in Brassica campestri L. and provided valuable information about the complex process of seed development in plants.
|
['Brassica', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Plant Proteins', 'Proteome', 'Proteomics', 'Seeds']
| 23,189,193
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D12.776.765'], ['D12.776.817'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of intra-articular neutrophils on the effects of photodynamic therapy for murine MRSA arthritis.
|
Although there have been some reports about the cytotoxic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on multidrug-resistant bacteria, there have been few reports in which favorable results of PDT on a local infection site are described. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that the low efficacy of PDT on a local infection site is due to the cytotoxic effect of PDT on leukocytes. PDT using Photofrin exerted significant cytotoxicity for cultured methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Nevertheless, this therapeutic modality was not effective for a murine MRSA arthritis model. Approximately 30% of intra-articular leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, died immediately after PDT, and a further decrease in the number of intra-articular leukocytes and atrophy of the synovial tissue were seen 24 h after PDT. Isolated peripheral neutrophils showed significant affinity for Photofrin and showed significant morphological damage, resulting in cell death, when they were subject to PDT using Photofrin. These results indicate that intra-articular neutrophils have an influence on the effects of PDT for MRSA arthritis.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Arthritis', 'Cell Death', 'Dihematoporphyrin Ether', 'Leukocytes', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Mice', 'Neutrophils', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Staphylococcal Infections']
| 19,947,969
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['C05.550.114'], ['G04.146'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.462.400.200', 'D03.633.400.909.500.462.400.200', 'D04.345.783.500.462.400.200', 'D23.767.727.462.400.200'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['C01.150.252.410.868']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The establishment of essential and metabolically derived amino acid profiles in developing chick embryo organs.
|
The accumulation of certain essential and metabolically derived amino acids in the free amino acid pools of three excitable tissues has been studied in the chick embryo. Valine together with leucine are at the onset present in the yolk at higher concentrations than any of the other essential amino acids. By 15 days all the amino acids studied have accumulated in the embryonic pools at a higher rate than valine, although certain amino acids, such as phenylalanine or methionine, always remain at lower relative concentrations than valine. This reflects their low supply in the yolk, rather than a more rapid rate of disappearance (utilization). During early embryogenesis (E2-E4), tissues preferentially concentrate glutamic acid, besides taurine and phosphoethanolamine (6). The next distinct stage of development (E4-E7) is marked in the brain by a gradual rise in glutamic acid, glutamine and aspartic acid; the same three amino acids do not demonstrate a further increase in the pool of the heart, while in the whole eye the amino acid profile begins to resemble the blood. Leucine in all three tissues declines rapidly, to reach isoleucine levels by day 7 of development; tyrosine increases slowly in apparent reciprocity to an equally gradual phenylalanine decrease. Into the second week of embryo growth (E7-E15), GABA appears in the mesencephalon (E7) and the eye (E9-E10). In the mesencephalon, the free amino acid pool composition exhibits a rather sudden increase of most metabolically derived amino acids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Blood Vessels', 'Brain', 'Chick Embryo', 'Eye', 'Heart', 'Myocardium', 'Vitelline Membrane']
| 3,173,622
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['A07.541'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['A16.690.886']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Toxicity of aerosol propellants in the respiratory and circulatory systems. VI. Influence of cardiac and pulmonary vascular lesions in the rat.
|
Three propellants were selected for investigation in rats because of their non-uniform effect in mice and monkeys. Trichlorofluoromethane (FC 11) provoked arrhythmia in all three animal species, dichlorodifluoromethane (FC 12) in monkeys and rats but not in mice, and difluoroethane (FC 152a) only in rats. In rats the alterations in heart rate and electrocardiographic pattern during inhalation of these propellants are largely brought about by release of catecholamines from the adrenal gland, because adrenalectomy or prior injection of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs decreased the incidence of cardiac effects. Rats that have pulmonary vascular thrombosis or cardiac necrosis become more sensitive to proarrhythmic activity of these propellants.
|
['Adrenal Glands', 'Adrenalectomy', 'Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Aerosol Propellants', 'Aerosols', 'Animals', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Heart Rate', 'Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated', 'Isoproterenol', 'Lung', 'Necrosis', 'Propranolol', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Rats', 'Thrombosis']
| 235,808
|
[['A06.300.071'], ['E04.270.115'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['D26.255.165.055.055'], ['D20.280.055', 'D26.255.165.055'], ['B01.050'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D02.455.526.510'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['A04.411'], ['C23.550.717'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C14.907.355.830']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Airborne endotoxin in different background environments and seasons.
|
Endotoxin is a cell wall component from Gram-negative bacteria, and inhaled endotoxin contributes significantly to the induction of airway inflammation and dysfunction. Background levels of endotoxin have not yet been extensively described. In this study, airborne endotoxin was measured with a standardized protocol in 5 types of background environment (169 samples) in Denmark from October to May. Endotoxin levels in a greenhouse (median = 13.2 EU/m3) were significantly higher than in the other environments. The air from biofuel plants (median = 5.3 EU/m3), the air on congested streets (median = 4.4 EU/m3) and on an agricultural field (median = 2.9 EU/m3) had higher endotoxin contents than the air in industrial areas (median = 1.3 EU/m3) or in towns (median = 0.33 EU/m3). Levels in industrial areas were significantly higher than in towns. A literature study revealed background levels of endotoxin on different continents between 0.063-410 EU/m3, with median or mean values between 0.063-3.6 EU/m3. Endotoxin concentrations in towns and industrial areas were higher in April and May than in autumn and winter, and were higher in October than in winter. These data of exposure in background environments and of seasonal variation are helpful for public health practitioners, epidemiologists and industrial hygienists.
|
['Agriculture', 'Air Pollutants', 'Denmark', 'Endotoxins', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Humans', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Occupational Health', 'Reference Standards', 'Reference Values', 'Respiratory Tract Diseases', 'Seasons']
| 16,841,877
|
[['J01.040'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['D23.946.123.329'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C24'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['N01.400.525'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.978.810'], ['C08'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Electrotonic current spread in colonic smooth muscle.
|
Current-induced changes in the membrane potential (electrotonic potentials) were measured intracellularly. The electrotonic potentials were seen to decay exponentially over many cells, suggesting electrotonic current spread. The characteristics of the electrotonic current spread were used to determine passive membrane properties of both circular and longitudinal muscle cells of human and dog colon. Electrotonic current spread was first determined along the long axes of the cells. The space constant of the circular muscle of human colon was 2.14 mm and that of the longitudinal muscle was 1.63 mm. The space constants for the dog colon were similar. The value for the time constant of dog colon circular muscle was 160 ms, whereas much higher time constants, averaging between 500 and 800 ms, were recorded from dog longitudinal muscle and both human colon muscle layers. These data suggest good electrotonic coupling in all tissues studied, along the long axes of the cells. They further suggest a relatively high membrane resistance and junctional resistance in the longitudinal muscle. Electrotonic coupling along the short axes of circular muscle cells, along the long axis of the colon, was studied in the dog. The space constant was 0.43 mm, suggesting a relatively high resistance to current flow along the short axes of the cells. In addition, along the short axes of the cells from the submucosa to the myenteric plexus side (i.e., in radial direction) a gradient was observed in resting membrane potential, slow-wave amplitude, and rate of rise of the slow-wave upstroke.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Colon', 'Dogs', 'Electrophysiology', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Humans', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Reference Values']
| 3,364,570
|
[['B01.050'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Commonly asked clinical questions about methadone maintenance.
|
Clinical questions about methadone maintenance are posed and answered. The areas include eligibility, size of clinic, number of patients, optimal maintenance dose, special populations, side effects, services, schedules, and the involvement of others.
|
['Age Factors', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Community Mental Health Services', 'Comprehensive Health Care', 'Facility Design and Construction', 'Female', 'Health Facility Size', 'Heroin Dependence', 'Humans', 'Methadone', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Private Practice', 'Time Factors']
| 563,384
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['F04.408.307', 'N02.421.143.183', 'N02.421.461.232'], ['N04.590.233'], ['J01.086.339', 'N02.278.200'], ['N02.278.306', 'N05.300.430.410'], ['C25.775.643.500.400', 'F03.900.647.500.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.522.675'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['N04.452.758.745'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
ARF and PITP restore GTP gamma S-stimulated protein secretion from cytosol-depleted HL60 cells by promoting PIP2 synthesis.
|
BACKGROUND: In many cell types, including neutrophils and HL60 cells, there is an absolute requirement for a GTP-dependent step to elicit Ca(2+)-regulated secretion. Neutrophils and HL60 cells secrete lysosomal enzymes from azurophilic granules; this secretion is inhibited by 1% ethanol, indicating that phosphatidate (PA) produced by phospholipase D (PLD) activity may be involved. PLD can use primary alcohols in preference to water during the hydrolytic step, generating the corresponding phosphatidylalcohol instead of PA, its normal product. As ARF (ADP-ribosylation factor) proteins regulate PLD activity and are implicated in constitutive vesicular traffic, we have investigated whether ARF is also required for GTP-dependent secretion in HL60 cells.RESULTS: We have used a cell-permeabilization protocol that allows HL60 cells to become refractory to stimulation with GTP gamma S plus 10 microM Ca2+ with regard to secretion and PLD activity. Permeabilization with streptolysin O for 10 minutes permitted the loss of freely diffusable cytosolic proteins, including ARF proteins. Fractions derived from brain cytosol, enriched in ARF proteins, restored secretory function and PLD activity. The major contaminating protein present in these ARF-enriched fractions was identified as phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (PITP). Unexpectedly, PITP was also found to restore GTP gamma S-dependent secretion. Restoration of secretory function was characterized using recombinant proteins, rARF1 and rPITP alpha and rPITP beta. The rARF1 protein restored both secretory function and PLD activity, whereas PITP only restored secretory function. However, both ARF and PITP were capable of stimulating phosphatidylinositol bis phosphate (PIP2) synthesis.CONCLUSIONS: ARF and PITP restore secretory function in cytosol-depleted cells when stimulated with GTP gamma S plus Ca2+. We have previously shown that PITP participates in the synthesis of PIP2. In comparison, ARF1 activates PLD, producing PA, which is a known activator of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5 kinase, the enzyme responsible for PIP2 synthesis. We propose that ARF and PITP both restore exocytosis by a common mechanism-promoting PIP2 synthesis.
|
['ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1', 'ADP-Ribosylation Factors', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cytosol', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', "Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)", 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate', 'Phospholipid Transfer Proteins', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,793,299
|
[['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.100.100', 'D12.644.360.525.100.100', 'D12.776.157.325.515.100.100', 'D12.776.476.525.100.100', 'D12.776.543.990.300.150'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.100', 'D12.644.360.525.100', 'D12.776.157.325.515.100', 'D12.776.476.525.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['D02.886.765.380', 'D13.695.667.454.504.380', 'D13.695.827.426.504.380', 'D13.695.900.380'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.942.625.900'], ['D12.776.157.674', 'D12.776.543.693'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interventional Radiology in Canada: Current Challenges and Future Directions.
|
OBJECTIVE: We aim to define the practice of interventional radiology (IR) in Canada, barriers that have been faced by interventional radiologists, and ways in which the Canadian Interventional Radiology Association (CIRA) have attempted to address these issues.CONCLUSION: IR has faced significant challenges in the Canadian setting. Recognizing the need to address these challenges, leaders in the field of IR in Canada founded the CIRA to serve as our national voice and lobby group.
|
['Canada', 'Career Choice', 'Forecasting', 'Humans', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Radiology, Interventional', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Societies, Medical']
| 29,975,118
|
[['Z01.107.567.176'], ['F02.463.785.373.346.400'], ['I01.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['H02.403.740.675'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['N03.540.828.589']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Diabetes healthcare strategies.
|
This article describes and contrasts two approaches to planning strategies for diabetes care. These are the 'epidemiologically based healthcare needs assessment' and 'marginal analysis'. Both have their advantages and disadvantages. The most effective way of planning services is likely to be a pragmatic combination of these two approaches.
|
['Delivery of Health Care', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'Patient Care Planning']
| 11,580,962
|
[['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.590.233.624']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fibronectin in rheumatoid and non-rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluids and in synovial fluid cryoproteins.
|
Concentrations of fibronectin, immunoglobulins G, M, and A, and C3 and C4 components of complement, and other plasma proteins were determined in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other diseases (non-RA). Fibronectin concentrations were two to three times greater in all synovial fluids than in plasma, and RA synovial fluids had a significantly higher mean concentration than non-RA fluids (883 microgram per ml vs. 588 microgram per ml, respectively, p less than 0.01). The mean concentrations of other synovial fluid constituents were less than their mean plasma concentrations. These results suggest that unlike other plasma constituents, either plasma fibronectin is concentrated in synovial fluids or that a substantial portion of synovial fluid fibronectin may be derived from synovial tissue cells. Both the C3 and C4 complement components were present in lower concentrations in RA than in non-RA synovial fluids. The C3 contents showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the fibronectin contents. Fibronectin was also found in all synovial fluid cryoprotein fractions tested, although its content varied greatly as a percent of the total cryoprotein protein (0.01 to 43 percent). The data show that fibronectin is a consistent constituent of synovial fluid cryoproteins in agreement with our previously reported finding that fibronectin is found in all serum cryoglobulin fraction tested.
|
['Arthritis', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Complement C3', 'Complement C4', 'Fibrinogen', 'Fibronectins', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Synovial Fluid', 'Transferrin']
| 7,092,168
|
[['C05.550.114'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['D12.776.124.050.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.250'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.350'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['A02.835.583.443.800.800', 'A12.207.270.847'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Blood glucose monitor: an alternative off-line method to measure glucose concentration during fermentations with Trichoderma reesei.
|
Two home, blood-glucose monitoring meters, OneTouch Ultra and Ascensia Contour, were used to determine the glucose concentration during fermentations of Trichoderma reesei in both flasks and bioreactors. The results, when compared to those given by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid reducing sugar assay, HPLC and YSI 2700 SELECT Biochemistry analyzer, showed that the glucose meters are a quick, reliable and economical alternative method for frequent glucose concentration measurement during fermentation. For T. reesei fermentations, the OneTouch meter was the more suitable.
|
['Biomass', 'Bioreactors', 'Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring', 'Fermentation', 'Glucose', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Regression Analysis', 'Solutions', 'Trichoderma']
| 17,377,750
|
[['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.105', 'E01.370.374.100', 'E01.370.520.100', 'E02.900.950.500', 'E05.200.124.100.105'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['D26.776'], ['B01.300.381.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Widespread disruption of genomic imprinting in adult interspecies mouse (Mus) hybrids.
|
Mammalian interspecies hybrids exhibit parent-of-origin effects in that offspring of reciprocal matings, even though genetically identical, frequently exhibit opposite phenotypes, especially in growth. This was also observed in hybridization with the genus Mus. These parent-of-origin effects suggested that imbalance in the expression of imprinted genes, which are expressed differentially, depending on their transmission through the maternal or paternal germline, and/or differential loss-of-imprinting (LOI) could underlie these opposite growth phenotypes in reciprocal mammalian hybrids. Here we report that tissue-specific LOI occurs in adult Mus hybrids. Contrary to expectations, LOI patterns were not consistent with a direct influence of altered expression levels of imprinted genes on growth. Bisulfite sequencing revealed that reactivation of maternal alleles of Peg3 and Snrpn in specific tissues was accompanied by partial demethylation at their potential imprinting control regions. We propose that abnormal reprogramming after fertilization and during preimplantation development is in part responsible for hybrid dysgenesis, for which a strong epigenetic basis has been demonstrated.
|
['Animals', 'Chimera', 'DNA Methylation', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Genomic Imprinting', 'Growth', 'Hybridization, Genetic', 'Mice', 'Mice, Congenic', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL']
| 16,145,677
|
[['B01.050'], ['B05.200'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G05.308.203'], ['G05.308.203.500'], ['G07.345.249'], ['E05.820.150.390', 'G05.090.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.040.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.150'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genotoxicity of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible effects of both inflammation and the anti-tumor necrosis factor agents (anti-TNF) on DNA damage with a specific assay, and their effects on the repair capacity of DNA.METHODS: From a group of 20 children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 16 patients who completed the study and 16 control subjects were evaluated. DNA damage and repair capacity were analyzed by the comet assay at the level of peripheral lymphocytes before anti-TNF (etanercept) injections and on the 15th, 90th, and 180th days after the first injection.RESULTS: The amount of damage as detected by the aforementioned assay was higher in patients with JIA compared with controls. On the 15th day after the initial anti-TNF injection, there was a decrease in the mean DNA tail length of JIA patients, however on the 90th day an increase was observed; thereafter, an upward trend was observed until the end of the study. JIA patients had a DNA repair capacity that was significantly less than that of controls.CONCLUSION: The results of the comet technique suggests that JIA patients already have increased basal DNA damage before anti-TNF therapy; they are more sensitive to the DNA damage produced by H(2)O(2), and have a less efficient DNA repair system in comparison with control cells. After an initial improvement at 2 weeks, parameters of genotoxicity worsened, and DNA repair was further impaired 6 months after the addition of an anti-TNF agent to treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Juvenile', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Comet Assay', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Repair', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methotrexate', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 20,191,493
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.122', 'C05.799.056', 'C17.300.775.049', 'C20.111.198'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.196.401.153.150', 'E05.301.300.100.150', 'E05.393.560.150', 'E05.940.560.150'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Correlates of Disability in Asian Patients With Major Depressive Disorder.
|
PURPOSE: To examine correlates of disability in Asian patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants were outpatients with DSM-IV MDD. Global disability and three disability domains (i.e., work/school, social life/leisure, and family/home life) were key outcomes. Several socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were determined for their associations with disability.FINDINGS: The sample was 493 MDD patients. Apart from the number of hospitalizations, the global disability was significantly associated with depression severity, fatigue, physical health, and mental health. Several clinical but only few socio-demographic characteristics associated with the other three disability domains were similar.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Disability among Asian patients with MDD correlates with the severity of psychiatric symptoms and the hospitalizations due to depression. Socio-demographic characteristics have little impact on the overall disability.
|
['Adult', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Disabled Persons', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outpatients', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Quality of Life']
| 26,031,315
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['E01.370.400'], ['M01.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.643.630'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Congenital Chopart amputation. A functional assessment.
|
Of 11 patients with congenital Chopart-level foot amputations, the average age was 6.75 years. Data collected from each patient included leg-length and calf-circumference measurements, range of motion at the ankle and subtalar joints, and a record of stump appearance. The patients were timed running a 50-m dash and measured in a standing broad-jump performance. Patients with congenital Chopart amputations functioned within normal limits in all of the authors' tests. No patient had a plantar flexion deformity. A slipper-style shoe filler or ankle foot orthosis with a foot plate and shoe filler was used as an easily fabricated and very functional prosthesis. The Chopart foot was found to have many advantages compared to a Symes-level amputation, including maintenance of functional length of the extremity, preservation of a broad weight-bearing surface, and an intact plantar fat pad.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Foot Deformities, Congenital', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Leg Length Inequality', 'Male', 'Orthotic Devices', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Radiography', 'Shoes', 'Tarsal Joints']
| 2,364,603
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C05.330.495', 'C05.660.585.512.380', 'C16.131.621.585.512.500'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C05.116.099.655', 'C23.300.808'], ['E07.858.442.743'], ['E07.695'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['J01.637.215.800'], ['A02.835.583.378.831']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Preserving hesperetin nanosuspensions for dermal application.
|
Nanosuspensions as aqueous formulations need to be preserved. However, preservatives could vitiate the physical stability of suspensions and to a greater extent nanosuspensions. The impact of six varied preservatives on the physical stability of previously prepared nanosuspensions was studied. The hesperetin nanosuspensions were stabilized using plantacare 2000.30 cycles of high pressure homogenization (HPH) led to a mean photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) diameter of 335 nm. The preservatives were, caprylyl glycol, Euxyl PE9010, Hydrolite-5, MultiEx naturotics, Phenonip and Rokonsal PB5. On one hand, aggregations were noticed after adding caprylyl glycol, MultiEx naturotics and Phenonip reaching PCS mean diameters of about 500, 1070, 800 nm, respectively. While on the other hand Euxyl PE9010, Hydrolite-5 and Rokonsal PB5 have not significantly affected the physical stability of the nanosuspensions with mean PCS diameters of about 365, 332, 350 nm, respectively. The obtained nanosuspensions were further characterized by measuring zeta potential. From the obtained data it was found that the lipophilicity of the used preservatives demonstrates major influence on the stability of the nanosuspensions, i.e. the higher lipophilicity of the preservative, the stronger the destabilizing effect. Briefly, highly hydrophilic preservatives are recommended to preserve hesperetin nanosuspensions in order to maintain their physical stability during storage.
|
['Administration, Topical', 'Drug Stability', 'Drug Storage', 'Electrochemistry', 'Hesperidin', 'Lasers', 'Light', 'Nanoparticles', 'Particle Size', 'Preservatives, Pharmaceutical', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Skin Absorption', 'Suspensions', 'Temperature']
| 20,225,649
|
[['E02.319.267.120'], ['E05.916.330'], ['E05.916.350'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.252.500', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.252.500', 'D09.408.386'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['G02.712'], ['D26.650.702', 'D27.720.744.771'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['G03.015.500.750', 'G03.787.024.500.750', 'G07.690.725.015.500.750', 'G13.750.778'], ['D20.280.810', 'D26.255.165.810'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Participation and enjoyment of leisure activities in school-aged children with cerebral palsy.
|
The objective of this study was to characterize participation in leisure activities in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and identify determinants of greater involvement. Ninety-five children of school age (9y 7mo [SD 2y 1mo]) with CP were recruited, and participation was evaluated with the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment in a subset (67/95; 42 males, 25 females) who could actively participate in completion of the assessment. Most had mild motor dysfunction (Gross Motor Function Classification System: 59% level I, 23% level II, 18% levels III-V) and had a spastic subtype of CP (23 hemiplegia, 17 diplegia, 16 quadriplegia, 11 other). Biomedical, child, family and environmental predictor variables were considered in the analysis. Results demonstrated that these children were actively involved in a wide range of leisure activities and experienced a high level of enjoyment. However, involvement was lower in skill-based and active physical activities as well as community-based activities. Mastery motivation and involvement in rehabilitation services enhanced involvement (intensity and diversity) in particular leisure activities, whereas cognitive and behavioral difficulties, activity limitations, and parental stress were obstacles to participation.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Cerebral Palsy', 'Child', 'Cost of Illness', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Disabled Children', 'Female', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Leisure Activities', 'Male', 'Motor Skills', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 18,834,388
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['C10.228.140.140.254'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['E01.370.400'], ['M01.150.200'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I03.450'], ['F02.808.260'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Development and validation of stability-indicating HPLC and UPLC methods for the determination of bicalutamide.
|
Six new process related impurities (Imp-08, Imp-09, Imp-10, Imp-12, Imp-13 and Imp-14) of bicalutamide (BCT) have been reported in this paper. BCT was subjected to oxidative, acid, alkaline, hydrolytic, thermal and photolytic degradation conditions and found to degrade in alkaline condition, yielding Imp-11. Stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography and ultra-performance liquid chromatography methods were developed for the determination of BCT in the presence of its 14 process-related impurities and 1 degradant by using Zorbax SB phenyl column (150 ? 4.6 mm ? 3.5 µm) and HSS T3 column (100 ? 2.1 mm ? 1.8 µm), respectively. Both the methods were validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Quantitation limits (QL) were found be in the ranges of 0.02-0.03% for both the methods. Precision was evaluated by replicate analysis in which % relative standard deviation (RSD) values for areas were found below 2.0. Linearity for the impurities was established in the range of QL to 200% of the specification level and the correlation coefficients derived from of the respective calibration curves were approximately 0.999. The recoveries obtained for purity (90-100%) and assay (98-102%) ensured the accuracy of the developed methods.
|
['Anilides', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Drug Contamination', 'Drug Stability', 'Least-Squares Analysis', 'Nitriles', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tosyl Compounds']
| 22,407,342
|
[['D02.065.199', 'D02.092.146.113'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['N06.850.360'], ['E05.916.330'], ['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['D02.626'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832.661', 'D02.886.590.887']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Simultaneous removal of inorganic and organic compounds in wastewater by freshwater green microalgae.
|
Batch experiments were carried out for 7 days to investigate the simultaneous removal of various organic and inorganic contaminants including total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), metals, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and estrogenic activity in wastewater by four freshwater green microalgae species, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Chlorella vulgaris. After treatment for 7 days, 76.7-92.3% of TN, and 67.5-82.2% of TP were removed by these four algae species. The removal of metals from wastewater by the four algae species varied among the metal species. These four algae species could remove most of the metals efficiently (>40% removal), but showed low efficiencies in removing Pb, Ni and Co. The four algae species were also found to be efficient in removing most of the selected organic compounds with >50% removal, and the estrogenic activity with removal efficiencies ranging from 46.2 to 81.1% from the wastewater. Therefore, algae could be harnessed to simultaneously remove various contaminants in wastewater.
|
['Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Endocrine Disruptors', 'Metals', 'Microalgae', 'Nitrogen', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Phosphorus', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Waste Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Purification']
| 24,953,257
|
[['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D27.505.696.353', 'D27.888.141'], ['D01.552'], ['B05.080.500.600.500'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D02'], ['D01.268.666'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Persuading physicians to test their patients' level of kidney functioning: the effects of message frame and point of view.
|
A two-part field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of message frame (gain vs. loss) and point of view (personal vs. impersonal) on physicians' intentions and behavior to test their patients' level of kidney functioning. One hundred and fifty-one physicians returned a survey that accompanied one of four different experimental cover letters or a generic control letter. One hundred and twelve (74%) of these physicians also completed and returned a follow-up survey sent approximately 4 months later. Physicians who received a letter (vs. the generic-letter control group) believed their patients were more susceptible to kidney disease, believed that kidney disease had more severe consequences, and also demonstrated greater intentions and behavior to test their patients' level of kidney functioning. Additionally, there was a significant frame by point of view interaction effect, in that physicians receiving the gain-framed personal letter or the loss-framed impersonal letter demonstrated greater intentions and behavior than physicians receiving other versions of the letter. These results extend the theoretical scope of the EPPM by suggesting that threat to other can motivate behavior change, and also can have significant practical application for the development of messages targeting physicians.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Intention', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Persuasive Communication', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Physicians, Family', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'"]
| 20,390,677
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.650', 'F02.463.306'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.143.762'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['M01.526.485.810.770', 'N02.360.810.770'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Giving ourselves: the ethics of anatomical donation.
|
In some European countries, such as Italy, medical education is threatened by a dearth of anatomical specimens. Such a shortage could spread to other nations, including the United States. This article addresses two ethical questions in body donation. Why might people choose to donate their bodies to education and science? What sorts of ethical appeals might anatomists, physicians, and other health professionals make to patients and family members for anatomical donation? Two models of giving, egoistic and liberal, merit close examination.
|
['Altruism', 'Anatomy', 'Attitude to Health', 'Cadaver', 'Dissection', 'Education, Medical', 'Ethics', 'Gift Giving', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Models, Psychological', 'Public Opinion', 'Teaching', 'United States']
| 19,177,414
|
[['F01.145.813.090'], ['H01.158.100'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['E01.370.225.998.221', 'E04.221', 'E05.200.998.221'], ['I02.358.399'], ['K01.752.566.479', 'N05.350'], ['F01.145.813.208'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E05.599.695'], ['I01.880.630.548'], ['I02.903'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Risk Factors Associated With Reintervention After Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Descending Aortic Pathologies.
|
BACKGROUND:: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is associated with several short-term benefits, including reduced morbidity and mortality; however, the long-term durability of TEVAR and the need for secondary aortic reintervention remain unclear. We aimed to determine the adverse outcomes, including aortic reintervention, after TEVAR for thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissection.METHODS:: Between October 2009 and July 2016, 130 patients underwent TEVAR at Kyungpook National University Hospital. We excluded 35 patients with traumatic injury and included the remaining 95 patients in our study after TEVAR. The patients included in this study were categorized into 2 groups (reintervention [R] and nonintervention [N] groups) according to the need for reintervention. The mean follow-up period for all 95 patients was 22.4 (20.6) months.RESULTS:: The overall actuarial survival rates were 83.7% (4.1%) and 63.6% (8.8%) at 1 and 5 years, respectively. The rates of freedom from aortic reintervention after TEVAR were 94.0% (3.5%), 72.8% (8.2%), and 48.9% (10.5%) at 2, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The independent risk factors for aortic reintervention were endoleaks after TEVAR (odds ratio [OR] 6.13, P = .017), increase in aortic size by over 5% per year (OR 20.40, P = .001), and peripheral vascular occlusive disease (PVOD; OR 13.62, P = .007). Patients with preoperative hemoptysis tended to show a greater need for aortic reintervention ( P = .059). Increase in aortic size by over 5% per year and PVOD were the primary risk factors for endoleaks (OR 3.82, P = .013 and OR 4.37, P = .021, respectively).CONCLUSION:: Survival after TEVAR for thoracic aortic pathologies was satisfactory in most of the patients chosen as candidates for the procedure. However, the occurrence of endoleaks, increase in aortic size by over 5% per year, and PVOD were the primary causes of aortic reintervention.
|
['Aged', 'Aneurysm, Dissecting', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic', 'Aortography', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Endoleak', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Female', 'Hemoptysis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peripheral Arterial Disease', 'Reoperation', 'Republic of Korea', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,866,751
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.050'], ['C14.907.055.239.125', 'C14.907.109.139.125'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.070', 'E01.370.370.050.070'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['C14.907.055.501', 'C23.550.414.941.500', 'C23.550.767.850.500'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['C08.381.348', 'C23.550.414.896', 'C23.888.852.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.907.137.126.307.500', 'C14.907.617.671'], ['E04.690'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Towards performance measurement in reconstructive surgery: a multicentre pilot study of free and pedicled flap procedures.
|
OBJECTIVES: To pilot the acceptability and feasibility of clinical audit in free and pedicled flap reconstruction. To establish a baseline flap failure rate in participating units, so that a sample size calculation could be performed for future national audit.METHODS: A proforma was piloted over a 3-month period in four participating units, during which time data on 93 reconstructive procedures involving free and pedicled flaps was collected. The patients included those where large transfers of tissue were required such as for coverage of grade IIIb compound tibial fractures and breast reconstruction after mastectomy, and also smaller flap transfers such as after skin cancer excision.RESULTS: The proforma was found to be acceptable to clinicians and the feasibility of the data collection process was established. Overall there was a total flap survival of 89% and secondary operations to the donor or recipient sites were required in 11% of patients.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the feasibility of comparative audit for free and pedicled flap procedures using the methods proposed. Based on the incidence of flap failure observed in this pilot study, at least 18 months of prospective data collection on consecutive patients is required to fulfil the statistical requirements of comparative audit. The establishment of a routinely collected minimum dataset is proposed as one means of meeting these requirements.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Medical Audit', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 16,673,538
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['N04.761.700.250.500', 'N05.700.175.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Four diastereoisomers of cyclo(-Asp-Val-): inconsistency of their properties with the proposed structure of cairomycin A.
|
The four diastereoisomers of cyclo(-Asp-Val-) were synthesized to compare with a proposed structure of cairomycin A. Their antimicrobial activities were determined against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The physico-chemical properties of the isomers were characterized by mp, 1H NMR, IR, FAB-MS, and solubility in solvents, which were different from those reported for cairomycin A.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides', 'Peptides', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 1,556,015
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D12.644.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054'], ['D12.644'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Role of psychosocial variables in the metabolic control of type 2 diabetics].
|
BACKGROUND: Patients' cultural orientations play an important role in chronic diseases. However, medical education research still does not emphasize these variables.AIM: To measure the influence of psychosocial dimensions on blood glucose control in type 2 diabetic patients.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Case-control design. Data were collected from institutional records and structured interviews. Blood glucose control was tested using glycosylated hemoglobin A1C. Patients with a good metabolic profile defined as a glycosylated hemoglobin of less than 7% were considered cases while those with a glycosylated hemoglobin >7% were labeled as controls. Sixty seven cases and 61 controls were randomly selected at a public health center located in Los Angeles, Chile. Socio-demographic, illness-related, and psychosocial variables were measured and multiple modeling using logistic regression was performed.RESULTS: Seventy per cent of patients were female, mean age was 61 years, 57% were housewives and most had a low income and educational level. The cultural predictors of metabolic control of diabetes were the perception of obstacles for blood glucose control, attribution of health benefits to a good control, family support and bonding quality with the health team.CONCLUSIONS: Cultural variables play a significant role in metabolic control of diabetic patients and must be born in mind in educational campaigns.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chile', 'Cultural Characteristics', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychology, Social', 'Random Allocation', 'Risk Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 18,949,184
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['Z01.107.757.235'], ['I01.076.201.450.324', 'I01.880.853.100.329'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829', 'F04.096.628.829'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cost of Operating Central Cancer Registries and Factors That Affect Cost: Findings From an Economic Evaluation of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Program of Cancer Registries.
|
CONTEXT: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) evaluated the economics of the National Program of Cancer Registries to provide the CDC, the registries, and policy makers with the economics evidence-base to make optimal decisions about resource allocation. Cancer registry budgets are under increasing threat, and, therefore, systematic assessment of the cost will identify approaches to improve the efficiencies of this vital data collection operation and also justify the funding required to sustain registry operations.OBJECTIVES: To estimate the cost of cancer registry operations and to assess the factors affecting the cost per case reported by National Program of Cancer Registries-funded central cancer registries.METHODS: We developed a Web-based cost assessment tool to collect 3 years of data (2009-2011) from each National Program of Cancer Registries-funded registry for all actual expenditures for registry activities (including those funded by other sources) and factors affecting registry operations. We used a random-effects regression model to estimate the impact of various factors on cost per cancer case reported.RESULTS: The cost of reporting a cancer case varied across the registries. Central cancer registries that receive high-quality data from reporting sources (as measured by the percentage of records passing automatic edits) and electronic data submissions, and those that collect and report on a large volume of cases had significantly lower cost per case. The volume of cases reported had a large effect, with low-volume registries experiencing much higher cost per case than medium- or high-volume registries.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that registries operate with substantial fixed or semivariable costs. Therefore, sharing fixed costs among low-volume contiguous state registries, whenever possible, and centralization of certain processes can result in economies of scale. Approaches to improve quality of data submitted and increasing electronic reporting can also reduce cost.
|
['Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Data Collection', 'Healthcare Financing', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Program Development', 'Registries', 'Regression Analysis', 'Resource Allocation', 'United States']
| 26,642,226
|
[['I01.409.418.750.600.650.200', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.225'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['N03.219.483.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['N04.452.760'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['I01.261.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
MNF1, a leaf tissue-specific DNA-binding protein of maize, interacts with the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter as well as the C4 photosynthetic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene promoter.
|
When gel shift assays were performed with maize nuclear extract and a DNA fragment containing the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter, three DNA-protein complexes were observed. Analyses with nuclear extracts prepared from green leaves, etiolated leaves, stems and roots showed that the complexes resulted from the existence of at least two nuclear factors. One of them is presumably a constitutive nuclear factor found in all tissues tested, and another is a leaf-specific factor present both in green and etiolated leaves. This leaf-specific nuclear factor seemed to be identical to MNF1, previously identified as a factor interacting with the promoter of the maize gene for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase involved in the C4 photosynthesis. Deletion analysis revealed that MNF1 binds to the sequence from -281 to -235 relative to the transcription start site of the CaMV 35S promoter. MNF1-like nuclear protein was also found in tobacco nuclear extracts. The possibility that MNF1 participates as a positive trans-acting factor in the expression of genes in maize leaves is discussed.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Binding, Competitive', 'DNA', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mosaic Viruses', 'Organ Specificity', 'Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plants, Toxic', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Tobacco', 'Zea mays']
| 1,627,769
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.776.260'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B04.715.464'], ['G07.650'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.650'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.660'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Customized mandibular reconstruction plates improve mechanical performance in a mandibular reconstruction model.
|
The purpose of this paper was to analyze the biomechanical performance of customized mandibular reconstruction plates with optimized strength. The best locations for increasing bar widths were determined with a sensitivity analysis. Standard and customized plates were mounted on mandible models and mechanically tested. Maximum stress in the plate could be reduced from 573 to 393 MPa (-31%) by increasing bar widths. The median fatigue limit was significantly greater (p < 0.001) for customized plates (650 ± 27 N) than for standard plates (475 ± 27 N). Increasing bar widths at case-specific locations was an effective strategy for increasing plate fatigue performance.
|
['Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Bone Plates', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Humans', 'Mandible', 'Mandibular Reconstruction', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 27,887,036
|
[['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['E05.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['E06.645.562.500'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MICU1 controls both the threshold and cooperative activation of the mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uniporter.
|
Mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake via the uniporter is central to cell metabolism, signaling, and survival. Recent studies identified MCU as the uniporter's likely pore and MICU1, an EF-hand protein, as its critical regulator. How this complex decodes dynamic cytoplasmic [Ca(2+)] ([Ca(2+)]c) signals, to tune out small [Ca(2+)]c increases yet permit pulse transmission, remains unknown. We report that loss of MICU1 in mouse liver and cultured cells causes mitochondrial Ca(2+) accumulation during small [Ca(2+)]c elevations but an attenuated response to agonist-induced [Ca(2+)]c pulses. The latter reflects loss of positive cooperativity, likely via the EF-hands. MICU1 faces the intermembrane space and responds to [Ca(2+)]c changes. Prolonged MICU1 loss leads to an adaptive increase in matrix Ca(2+) binding, yet cells show impaired oxidative metabolism and sensitization to Ca(2+) overload. Collectively, the data indicate that MICU1 senses the [Ca(2+)]c to establish the uniporter's threshold and gain, thereby allowing mitochondria to properly decode different inputs.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium Channels', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Cation Transport Proteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'HEK293 Cells', 'HeLa Cells', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mitochondria', 'Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Mitochondrial Membranes', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Small Interfering']
| 23,747,253
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D12.776.543.585.475', 'D12.776.575.750'], ['A11.284.149.450.349', 'A11.284.835.514.349'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Current distribution and characterization of the wild grapevine populations in Andalusia (Spain).
|
For decades, human activities have gradually destroyed the natural habitats of wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi, and nowadays this species is endangered in southern Europe. In this paper, 94 populations of this species have been localized and characterized in the Andalusian region in the Iberian Peninsula between 1989 and 2013. Location, ecological aspects, and sanitary characteristics are described. Must properties and in vitro tolerance to calcareous conditions were also checked. The paper also contains a global description of female and male individuals. Two hundred individuals from six river basin populations have been sampled, and their genetic structure analyzed by using 25 nuclear microsatellites loci to investigate the gene diversity of wild grape populations in Andalusia at two levels: total individuals and at river basin populations. Also, the genetic relationship of wild and cultivated accessions has been tested. Wild grapevine is considered the ancestor of the cultivated varieties and should be preserved as this material could be used to start breeding programs of cultivated varieties and also to restore riverbank forests, which constitute one of the worst preserved ecosystems in the area.
|
['Ecology', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Spain', 'Vitis']
| 28,256,414
|
[['H01.158.273.248', 'H01.277.249'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.965.500']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
The fate and behavior of mercury in coal-fired power plants.
|
For the past 22 years in the Netherlands, the behavior of Hg in coal-fired power plants has been studied extensively. Coal from all over the world is fired in Dutch power stations. First, the Hg concentrations in these coals were measured. Second, the fate of the Hg during combustion was established by performing mass balance studies. On average, 43 +/- 30% of the Hg was present in the flue gases downstream of the electrostatic precipitator (ESP; dust collector). In individual cases, this figure can vary between 1 and 100%. Important parameters are the Cl content of the fuel and the flue gas temperature in the ESP. On average, 54 +/- 24% of the gaseous Hg was removed in the wet flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) systems, which are present at all Dutch coal-power stations. In individual cases, this removal can vary between 8% (outlier) and 72%. On average, the fate of Hg entering the power station in the coal was as follows: <1% in the bottom ash, 49% in the pulverized fuel ash (ash collected in the ESP), 16.6% in the FGD gypsum, 9% in the sludge of the wastewater treatment plant, 0.04% in the effluent of the wastewater treatment plant, 0.07% in fly dust (leaving the stack), and 25% as gaseous Hg in the flue gases and emitted into the air. The distribution of Hg over the streams leaving the FGD depends strongly on the installation. On average, 75% of the Hg was removed, and the final concentration of Hg in the emitted flue gases of the Dutch power stations was only -3 microg/m3(STP) at 6% O2. During co-combustion with biomass, the removal of Hg was similar to that during 100% coal firing. Speciation of Hg is a very important factor. An oxidized form (HgCl2) favors a high degree of removal. The conversion from Hg0 to HgCl2 is positively correlated with the Cl content of the fuel. A catalytic DENOX (SCR) favors the formation of oxidized Hg, and, in combination with a wet FGD, the total removal can be as high as 90%.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Coal', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Incineration', 'Mercury', 'Netherlands', 'Power Plants']
| 12,184,689
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['D20.345.108', 'N06.230.132.258.108'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['N06.850.860.510.900.600.500'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['J01.780', 'J03.540.680']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Light diffusion in photosensitive epilepsy.
|
Photosensitivity is usually tested by intermittent photic stimulation. Photoparoxysmal responses in the EEG are enhanced when the eyes remain closed during stimulation. We tested the hypothesis that this is due to diffusion of light by the eyelids. In 25 photosensitive patients, conditions 'eye closure', 'eyes closed', 'eyes open' and 'eyes open with diffuser' were tested for frequencies of 2-60 Hz. Additional influences of a red filter and fixation were also examined. The photosensitivity range was maximal in the condition 'eyes open with diffuser', due to an increase of the upper limit to a median 60 Hz (range 25-60), from 35 (15-50) Hz with eyes open, 37.5 (25-60) Hz with eyes closed and 40 (23-60) Hz with eye closure (P = 0.0002). This effect was attenuated in patients on valproic acid and with the use of a red or white filter. Testing with a diffuser was more sensitive than without, except for one patient who was photosensitive only in the eye closure condition. The influence of the eyelids on photosensitivity can be explained by diffusion of light, attentuated by an intensity loss. Use of a diffuser may simplify testing for photosensitivity in the EEG laboratory. The diffusion effect may explain seizure susceptibility in front of 50 and 60 Hz television screens.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy', 'Eye', 'Eyelids', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Scattering, Radiation']
| 9,680,149
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['A01.456.505.420.504', 'A09.371.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Microsecond folding dynamics of apomyoglobin at acidic pH.
|
Apomyolgobin (apoMb) is an important model for understanding the folding mechanism of helical proteins. This study focuses on a partially structured state of sperm whale apoMb populated at pH 4.2 (M-state), which structurally resembles a late kinetic intermediate in the formation of the native state (N) at higher pH. The thermodynamics and cooperativity of apoMb folding at pH 4.2 and 6.2 were studied by global analysis of the urea-induced unfolding transitions monitored by tryptophan fluorescence and circular dichroism. The kinetics of folding and unfolding of apoMb at pH 4.2 was measured over a time window from 40 to 850 ìs, using fluorescence-detected continuous-flow measurements. Our observation of biphasic kinetics provides clear evidence for rapid (<100 ìs) accumulation of previously unresolved intermediate states in both refolding and unfolding experiments. Quantitative kinetic modeling of the results, using a four-state mechanism with two intermediates on a direct route between the unfolded and folded states (U?I?L?M), gave new insight into the conformational states and barriers that precede the rate-limiting step in the formation of the N-state of apoMb.
|
['Apoproteins', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Molecular', 'Myoglobin', 'Protein Folding', 'Thermodynamics', 'Time Factors']
| 22,475,221
|
[['D12.776.070'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G01.906'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors Associated with Immunological Discordance in HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy with Complete Viral Suppression in a Resource-Limited Setting.
|
"Immunological discordance," i.e., immunological failure despite complete viral suppression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), is associated with increased risk of AIDS or death. To evaluate risk factors for immunological discordance in a resource-limited setting in which patients usually present late with low CD4 cell counts, we conducted a case-control study among HIV-infected patients receiving ART and having undetectable HIV RNA. The study included patients with immunological discordance (cases), which was defined as CD4 cell count < 30% above baseline and absolute CD4 cell count < 200 cells/mm(3) at the first 12 months of undetectable HIV RNA (<50 copies/mL). Patients without immunological discordance were included as controls. Of 142 patients (44 cases; 98 controls), the mean age was 38.6 ± 9.4 years and 67.6% were men; 65.5% had history of opportunistic infections. In multivariate analysis, only baseline CD4 cell count < 100 cells/mm(3) (odd ratio [OR], 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-6.14; P = 0.040) and history of lost to follow-up (OR, 11.04; 95% CI, 2.87-42.46; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with immunological discordance. Early initiation of ART and intervention to improve regular clinic visit compliance and adherence to ART are crucial to prevent immunological discordance among HIV-infected patients.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Retroviral Agents', 'Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'CD4 Lymphocyte Count', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'HIV', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'RNA, Viral', 'Risk Factors']
| 25,720,640
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077'], ['E02.319.310.075'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Treatment Patterns and Health Resource Utilization Among Patients Diagnosed With Early Stage Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer at US Community Oncology Practices.
|
UNLABELLED: Data on adjuvant therapy in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in routine practice are lacking in the United States. This retrospective observational database study included 609 community oncology patients with resected stage IB to IIIA NSCLC. Use of adjuvant therapy was 39.1% at disease stage IB and 64.9% to 68.2% at stage II to IIIA. The most common regimen at all stages was carboplatin and paclitaxel.BACKGROUND: Platin-based adjuvant chemotherapy has extended survival in clinical trials in patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There are few data on the use of adjuvant therapy in community-based clinical practice in the United States.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study using electronic medical record and billing data collected during routine care at US community oncology sites in the Vector Oncology Data Warehouse between January 2007 and January 2014. Patients aged ? 18 years with a primary diagnosis of stage IB to IIIA NSCLC were eligible if they had undergone surgical resection. Treatment patterns, health care resource use, and cost were recorded, stratified by stage at diagnosis.RESULTS: The study included 609 patients (mean age, 64.8 years, 52.9% male), of whom 215 had stage IB disease, 130 stage IIA/II, 110 stage IIB, and 154 stage IIIA. Adjuvant systemic therapy after resection was provided to 345 (56.7%) of 609 patients, with lower use in patients with stage IB disease (39.1%) than stage II to IIIA disease (64.9-68.2%) (P < .0001). The most common adjuvant regimen at all stages was the combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel. There were no statistically significant differences in office visits or incidence of hospitalization by disease stage. During adjuvant treatment, the total monthly median cost per patient was $17,389.75 (interquartile range, $8,815.61 to $23,360.85).CONCLUSION: Adjuvant systemic therapy was used in some patients with stage IB NSCLC and in the majority of patients with stage IIA to IIIA disease. There were few differences in regimen or health care resource use by disease stage.
|
['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carboplatin', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Cisplatin', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Community Health Centers', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Electronic Health Records', 'Health Resources', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Paclitaxel', 'Pneumonectomy', 'Resource Allocation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United States']
| 25,681,298
|
[['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D02.257.125'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['E02.186'], ['N02.278.035.128'], ['N03.219.151'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500', 'N04.452.859.564.650.125', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530.250', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625.250'], ['N03.349.340', 'N05.300.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.789.625'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['E04.620', 'E04.928.600.600'], ['I01.261.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Age-related dysfunction in mechanotransduction impairs differentiation of human mammary epithelial progenitors.
|
Dysfunctional progenitor and luminal cells with acquired basal cell properties accumulate during human mammary epithelial aging for reasons not understood. Multipotent progenitors from women aged <30 years were exposed to a physiologically relevant range of matrix elastic modulus (stiffness). Increased stiffness causes a differentiation bias towards myoepithelial cells while reducing production of luminal cells and progenitor maintenance. Lineage representation in progenitors from women >55 years is unaffected by physiological stiffness changes. Efficient activation of Hippo pathway transducers YAP and TAZ is required for the modulus-dependent myoepithelial/basal bias in younger progenitors. In older progenitors, YAP and TAZ are activated only when stressed with extraphysiologically stiff matrices, which bias differentiation towards luminal-like phenotypes. In vivo YAP is primarily active in myoepithelia of younger breasts, but localization and activity increases in luminal cells with age. Thus, aging phenotypes of mammary epithelia may arise partly because alterations in Hippo pathway activation impair microenvironment-directed differentiation and lineage specificity.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mammary Glands, Human', 'Mechanotransduction, Cellular', 'Middle Aged', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Stem Cells', 'Transcription Factors']
| 24,910,432
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.236.249', 'A10.336.532'], ['G01.154.090.500', 'G02.111.820.580', 'G04.835.580'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.744'], ['A11.872'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A contextual coding system for transplantation and end stage diseases.
|
The Establissement fran?ais des Greffes (EfG) is a state agency dealing with Public Health issues related to organ, tissue and cell transplantation in France. EfG maintains a national information system (EfG-IS) for the evaluation of organ transplantation activities. The EfG-IS is moving toward a new n-tier architecture comprising a terminological server. Because this terminological server is shared by various kind of transplant teams and dialysis centers to record patients data at different time point, contextualisation of terms appeared as a functional requirement. We report in this paper various contexts for medical terms and how they have been taken into account.
|
['Cell Transplantation', 'Computer Systems', 'Forms and Records Control', 'France', 'Government Agencies', 'Humans', 'Information Systems', 'Terminally Ill', 'Tissue Transplantation', 'Transplantation']
| 14,664,029
|
[['E02.095.147.500', 'E04.936.225'], ['L01.224.230'], ['N04.452.758.708.200.400'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['I01.409.418', 'N03.540.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.313.500.750.300'], ['M01.873'], ['E02.095.147.725', 'E04.936.580'], ['E04.936']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Protein intrinsic disorder within the Potyvirus genus: from proteome-wide analysis to functional annotation.
|
Within proteins, intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are devoid of stable secondary and tertiary structures under physiological conditions and rather exist as dynamic ensembles of inter-converting conformers. Although ubiquitous in all domains of life, the intrinsic disorder content is highly variable in viral genomes. Over the years, functional annotations of disordered regions at the scale of the whole proteome have been conducted for several animal viruses. But to date, similar studies applied to plant viruses are still missing. Based on disorder prediction tools combined with annotation programs and evolutionary studies, we analyzed the intrinsic disorder content in Potyvirus, using a 10-species dataset representative of this genus diversity. In this paper, we revealed that: (i) the Potyvirus proteome displays high disorder content, (ii) disorder is conserved during Potyvirus evolution, suggesting a functional advantage of IDRs, (iii) IDRs evolve faster than ordered regions, and (iv) IDRs may be associated with major biological functions required for the Potyvirus cycle. Notably, the proteins P1, Coat protein (CP) and Viral genome-linked protein (VPg) display a high content of conserved disorder, enriched in specific motifs mimicking eukaryotic functional modules and suggesting strategies of host machinery hijacking. In these three proteins, IDRs are particularly conserved despite their high amino acid polymorphism, indicating a link to adaptive processes. Through this comprehensive study, we further investigate the biological relevance of intrinsic disorder in Potyvirus biology and we propose a functional annotation of potyviral proteome IDRs.
|
['Intrinsically Disordered Proteins', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Annotation', 'Phylogeny', 'Potyvirus', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Proteolysis', 'Proteome', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Viral Proteins']
| 26,699,268
|
[['D12.776.481'], ['E05.599.595'], ['E05.393.760.479', 'L01.453.245.667.580'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B04.715.464.600', 'B04.715.635.600', 'B04.820.578.782.600'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G02.111.720', 'G03.812'], ['D12.776.817'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The reliability of midstream urine culture from circumcised male infants.
|
The reliability of midstream urine culture from circumcised male infants was studied in 60 infants aged 1 to 21 weeks. A midstream urine specimen was collected after cleansing the penis. When the bladder was full again, a suprapubic bladder aspiration (SPA) was also performed. The results of the urine cultures were almost identical in specimens obtained midstream and by SPA. In 37 infants the cultures were sterile and in 13 positive, with the same microorganism being cultured in both instances. In one case, few colonies of Staphylococcus epidermidis grew only from the midstream culture. In nine infants, only midstream specimens were obtained because three attempts at SPA were unsuccessful. These results suggest that in circumcised male infants, the midstream method of obtaining urine for a culture is as reliable as SPA.
|
['Circumcision, Male', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Specimen Handling', 'Suction', 'Urine']
| 8,362,814
|
[['E02.218.085.170', 'E04.085.170', 'E04.950.774.860.226'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['E04.237.890'], ['A12.207.927']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Acute changes in cardiovascular function during the onset period of daytime sleep: comparison to lying awake and standing.
|
The siesta habit is associated with a 37% reduction in coronary mortality, possibly because of reduced cardiovascular stress associated with daytime sleep. Whether the most important behavior is the daytime nap itself, a supine posture, or the expectancy of a nap is unknown. We present the first detailed description on healthy individuals of the acute changes in cardiovascular function during defined phases of the daytime sleep-onset period. These responses were compared with lying awake and standing. Following a night of restricted (4 h) sleep, nine healthy participants (aged 34 +/- 5 yr) were allowed to sleep at 1400 for up to 1 h. Polysomnography was used to calculate three phases of daytime sleep onset: phase 1, a baseline period of relaxed wakefulness before lights out; phase 2, the period between lights out and onset of stage 1 sleep; and phase 3, the period between onsets of stages 1 and 2 sleep. Differences (means +/- SD) in blood pressure, heart rate, and forearm cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) between phases were analyzed. During the 9.7 +/- 13.8 min of phase 2, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 4.7 +/- 4.5 and 3.6 +/- 2.8 mmHg lower than baseline, whereas CVC was 9.5 +/- 4.3% higher than baseline (P < 0.05). Subsequent changes in cardiovascular function during the sleep itself were trivial (P > 0.05). The above changes were not observed when subjects stood or laid supine in relaxed wakefulness for 1 h (P > 0.05). Our findings suggest that the period between lights out and sleep onset is associated with the largest acute reduction in blood pressure during one afternoon siesta.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Photoperiod', 'Polysomnography', 'Posture', 'Rest', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Time Factors']
| 17,641,220
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.910.675'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['G11.427.695'], ['I03.450.769.647'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C10.886.425.175', 'C23.888.592.796.772', 'F02.830.855.671', 'F03.870.400.099'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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