Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Suppression of lymphocyte signal transduction by murine mastocytoma ascites.
|
The lymphocyte signal transduction, as determined by intracellular free Ca2+ mobilization of concanavalin A-stimulated T lymphocytes and of anti-immunoglobulin mu chain antibody-stimulated B lymphocytes, was suppressed in spleen cells from mice injected with murine P1.HTR mastocytoma-induced ascites and in spleen cells treated with the ascites in vitro. The suppression was observed both at the peak level and in the reactive pattern of Ca2+ influx. In the suppression, the ascites were replaceable with tumor culture supernatants or tumor homogenates. Correspondingly, primary and secondary cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses of DBA/2 mice to allogeneic antigen were also significantly suppressed by injection of the syngeneic P1.HTR tumor-derived ascites. This new finding suggested that the mechanism of the tumorous ascites or of the tumor-derived factor-mediated immunosuppression involves at least in part the suppression of the early event of the signal transduction for lymphocyte activation.
|
['Animals', 'Ascites', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Calcium', 'Concanavalin A', 'Immunoglobulin mu-Chains', 'Immunosuppression', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes', 'Mast-Cell Sarcoma', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Signal Transduction', 'Suppressor Factors, Immunologic', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 1,808,472
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.550.081'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.705.500.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.500.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.500.500'], ['E02.095.465.425.450', 'E05.478.610'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['C04.557.450.565.465.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.480.700', 'D12.776.467.374.480.700', 'D23.529.374.480.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Measurement of arachidonic acid release from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils and platelets: comparison between gas chromatographic and radiometric assays.
|
a simple gas chromatographic method for the assay of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) has been described in which arachidonic acid released from endogenous phospholipid pools is measured following its extraction and derivatization to pentafluorobenzyl esters. Using this assay, PLA2 activities in control and calcium ionophore-stimulated human neutrophils, as well as in control, thrombin, and calcium ionophore stimulated human platelets, have been measured. These values are compared with those obtained by monitoring the release of radioactivity from [3H]- or [14C]arachidonic acid prelabeled cells. While the radiometric assay measures only the release of exogenously incorporated radioactive arachidonic acid, the gas chromatographic assay measures arachidonic acid released from all the endogenous pools. Thus, the apparent increase in PLA2 activity in stimulated cells measured by the gas chromatographic assay is four- to fivefold higher than that by the radiometric assay. Inclusion of fatty acid free bovine serum albumin in the reaction buffer significantly increases the amount of arachidonic acid that is measured by gas chromatography. The gas chromatographic method has also been successfully utilized for measuring PLA2 activity in cell-free preparations derived from physically disrupted human neutrophils.
|
['Acetophenones', 'Arachidonic Acids', 'Blood Platelets', 'Calcimycin', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Neutrophils', 'Phospholipases A', 'Phospholipases A2', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Tritium']
| 2,048,718
|
[['D02.522.120'], ['D10.251.355.255.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['D10.251.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Monoamine metabolites in the CSF of epileptic patients.
|
To assess the possible role of amine neurotransmitters in human epilepsy, we measured metabolites of serotonin (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid [5-HIAA]), dopamine (homovanillic acid [HVA]), and norepinephrine (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol [MHPG]) in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with partial complex seizures and in neurologic controls. Untreated epileptic patients had lower concentrations of 5-HIAA and HVA in the lumbar CSF than the controls, but the differences were not statistically significant. Among epileptic patients receiving effective antiepileptic drug treatment, the HVA concentration was within the control range. Mean MHPG concentrations were similar in patients and controls. From the epileptic patients whose CSF was obtained at pneumoencephalography we obtained a second sample of CSF that was originally in the basal cisterns. No significant differences between treated and untreated patients were found for any of the three metabolites. The concentrations of HVA and 5-HIAA were higher in cisternal than in lumbar CSF, but there was no such gradient for MHPG.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Glycols', 'Homovanillic Acid', 'Humans', 'Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid', 'Male', 'Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Phenylacetates', 'Pneumoencephalography', 'Spinal Puncture']
| 37,460
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physical experience leads to enhanced object perception in parietal cortex: insights from knot tying.
|
What does it mean to "know" what an object is? Viewing objects from different categories (e.g., tools vs. animals) engages distinct brain regions, but it is unclear whether these differences reflect object categories themselves or the tendency to interact differently with objects from different categories (grasping tools, not animals). Here we test how the brain constructs representations of objects that one learns to name or physically manipulate. Participants learned to name or tie different knots and brain activity was measured whilst performing a perceptual discrimination task with these knots before and after training. Activation in anterior intraparietal sulcus, a region involved in object manipulation, was specifically engaged when participants viewed knots they learned to tie. This suggests that object knowledge is linked to sensorimotor experience and its associated neural systems for object manipulation. Findings are consistent with a theory of embodiment in which there can be clear overlap in brain systems that support conceptual knowledge and control of object manipulation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Brain Mapping', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Linguistics', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Motor Skills', 'Names', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Oxygen', 'Parietal Lobe', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Reaction Time', 'Time Factors', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 23,022,108
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['L01.559.598'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['F02.808.260'], ['L01.559.598.400.556'], ['F04.711.513'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['G01.910.857'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Physiotherapy and muscle dysfunction].
|
This article gives information about the role of the physiotherapist on the patient with a craniomandibular dysfunction, caused by a masticatory muscle dysfunction. The approach of the physiotherapist is discussed and information about the relevant etiological factors and symptoms are described. The diagnostic procedure and therapeutic possibilities are considered next to the multidisciplinary approach.
|
['Adolescent', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Masticatory Muscles', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome']
| 2,639,261
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.567.600', 'A14.530'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['C05.500.607.221.897.897', 'C05.550.905.905', 'C05.651.243.897.897', 'C05.651.550.905', 'C07.320.610.291.897.897', 'C07.678.949']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Junior doctor strike model of care: Reduced access block and predominant Fellow of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine staffing improve emergency department performance.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the response and analyse ED performance during a 5-day junior doctor strike.METHODS: Data were collected via the patient information management computer system. Key performance indicators included percentage seen within maximum waiting times per triage category (TC), ED length of stay, emergency medicine patients who did not wait to be seen, hospital bed occupancy and access block percentage. Comparisons were made for the same 5 days before the strike (BS), during the strike (S) and after the strike.RESULTS: Total doctor's shifts BS were 78.66 with 25% of these shifts being Fellow of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (FACEM) shifts. FACEM shifts were more common during the S period at 75% (P < 0.001). Total attendances (BS 631 vs S 596, P = 0.22) and TC percentages (P-values for TC 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively, 1.0, 0.55, 0.88, 0.97, 0.46) in the BS, S and after-the-strike periods were not significantly different. Despite fewer total doctor shifts, the FACEM predominant model of care during the strike resulted in better percentages seen within the maximum waiting times for TC3 (66%), TC4 (78%) and TC5 (86%) (all P < 0.001). There was a reduction in patients who did not wait to be seen (28 BS vs 5 S, P < 0.001), ED length of stay (admissions: BS 451 min vs S 258 min, P < 0.001; discharges: BS 233 min vs S 144 min, P < 0.02) and referrals to inpatient services (P = 0.02). This occurred with reduced bed point occupancy of 66% and a consequent reduction in access block.CONCLUSION: FACEM staffing and reduced access block were significant factors in improved ED performance.
|
['Australia', 'Bed Occupancy', 'Efficiency, Organizational', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Schools, Medical']
| 18,973,640
|
[['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['N02.278.050'], ['N04.452.209.500'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[The level of lipid peroxidation products and the parameters of antioxidative defense in the expired air condensate in patients with respiratory tuberculosis].
|
The paper presents the data of examination of three groups of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: 25 with a relatively favorable course of the disease, 26 with acutely progressive tuberculosis, pneumoperitoneum along with chemotherapy was used in complex therapy in 10 of them. The parameters of lipid peroxidation were estimated in the condensate of the expired air from patients before and 3 months after inpatient therapy. Irrespective of the type of the course of the disease, patients with tuberculosis were found to have a marked increase in the elimination of lipid peroxidation products, as well as deficiency of antiradical defense factors, which also preserved after therapy. The use of pneumoperitoneum in the complex therapy of patients with acutely progressive tuberculosis reduced the level of lipid peroxidation products more significantly.
|
['Adult', 'Antioxidants', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 15,532,467
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The Nrf2 activator tBHQ inhibits T cell activation of primary human CD4 T cells.
|
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates a battery of antioxidant, detoxification, and cell stress genes. It is activated by oxidative stress and a number of exogenous compounds, one of which is tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), a widely used food preservative. Nrf2 modulates immune responses in numerous rodent models of inflammation, but its effects on human immune cells are not well characterized. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the effects of the Nrf2 activator tBHQ on early events of T cell activation in primary human cells. Treatment with tBHQ induced mRNA expression of the Nrf2 target genes HMOX-1, GCLC, and NQO1, and also increased NRF2 mRNA expression, albeit to a lesser extent than the other target genes. tBHQ decreased production of the cytokines IL-2 and IFN-ã at both the protein and mRNA levels after stimulation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and to an even greater extent in isolated CD4 T cells. Likewise, tBHQ decreased induction of CD25 and CD69 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and this decrease was even more marked in isolated CD4 T cells. In addition, tBHQ inhibited induction of NFêB DNA binding in anti-CD3/anti-CD28-activated PBMCs. Collectively, these data suggest that tBHQ inhibits activation of primary human CD4 T cells, which correlates with activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NFêB DNA binding. Although these studies suggest the food additive tBHQ negatively impacts T cell activation, further studies will be needed to fully elucidate the effect of tBHQ on human immune responses.
|
['Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte', 'Antioxidants', 'CD28 Antigens', 'CD3 Complex', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cytokines', 'DNA', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Hydroquinones', 'Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit', 'Lectins, C-Type', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'NF-E2-Related Factor 2', 'NF-kappa B', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Protein Binding']
| 25,484,350
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264.894', 'D23.101.100.894'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.222.500', 'D23.050.301.264.894.128', 'D23.101.100.894.128'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.095', 'D23.101.100.894.095'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.393'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.320.500'], ['D12.776.503.280'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['D12.776.260.108.737', 'D12.776.930.127.737'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Junctional arrhythmias in radiofrequency modification of the atrioventricular node].
|
UNLABELLED: Accelerated junctional rhythm (JR) is known as a response of the atrioventricular node to thermal injury and a common finding in radiofrequency ablation for AV node reentrant tachycardia. We studied JR during 1314 radiofrequency current deliveries in 172 patients with AV node reentrant tachycardia or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in relation to the ablation result. JR in a successful RF delivery were characterized by cycle length and conduction.RESULTS: Selective slow pathway ablation was performed in 100 patients (Group A), selective fast pathway ablation in 41 patients (Group B), and total AV junction ablation in 31 patients (Group C). A successful radio-frequency ablation without JR was rare (sensitivity: 98.8%; specificity: 51.2%). JR during slow pathway ablation had a longer cycle length (X +/- SD; CL: 494 +/- 138 ms) and a lower cycle length dispersion (delta CL: 178 +/- 199 ms) than JR during fast pathway ablation (CL: 399 +/- 108 ms; delta CL: 345 +/- 145 ms) or before total AV block (CL: 439 +/- 163 ms; delta CL: 338 +/- 195 ms). JR with bundle branch block aberration or ventriculoatrial block were more often found in group B and group C than in group A (BBB: 29% vs. 23% vs. 12%; VA-Block: 80% vs. 82% vs. 33%). Group B and group C did not differ significantly.CONCLUSION: JR leading to fast pathway ablation or heralding total AV block are characterized by a short cycle length, wide cycle length dispersion, and predominantly present ventriculoatrial block. Thus, JR is a useful marker to prevent inadvertent AV block in slow pathway ablation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Atrioventricular Node', 'Bundle of His', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Block', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry', 'Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional']
| 8,578,794
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['A07.541.409.147'], ['A07.541.409.273'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['C14.280.067.558', 'C14.280.123.500', 'C23.550.073.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.067.845.787.249', 'C14.280.123.875.787.249', 'C23.550.073.845.787.500'], ['C14.280.067.845.880.320', 'C14.280.123.875.880.320', 'C23.550.073.845.880.320']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Reversibility of the covalent reaction of CC-1065 and analogues with DNA.
|
Covalent DNA adducts of the antitumor antibiotic CC-1065 and its analogues undergo a retrohomologous Michael reaction in aqueous/organic solvent mixtures to regenerate the initial cyclopropylpyrroloindole (CPI) structure and, presumably, intact DNA. This reaction, which at higher temperatures competes with depurination of the N3-alkylated adenine, also occurs to a significant extent at 37 degrees C in neutral aqueous solution. Tritium-labeled adozelesin, covalently bonded to a 3-kilobase DNA restriction fragment which was exhaustively extracted to remove unbonded drug, was efficiently transferred to a 1-kilobase fragment upon coincubation for 20 h at 37 degrees C in aqueous buffer. Covalent adducts of adozelesin, but not CC-1065, on calf thymus DNA were cytotoxic to L1210 cells after incubation for 3 days at 37 degrees C, indicating that reversal of DNA alkylation can mediate potent cellular effects for simplified CC-1065 analogues.
|
['Alkylation', 'Animals', 'Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Benzofurans', 'Cattle', 'Cell Survival', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids', 'Cyclohexenes', 'DNA', 'Duocarmycins', 'Indoles', 'Leucomycins', 'Leukemia L1210', 'Molecular Structure', 'Solutions', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Tritium', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 1,547,233
|
[['G02.111.035', 'G02.607.094', 'G03.059'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.106'], ['D03.633.100.127'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G04.346'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D02.241.223.268', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.379'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D03.383.129.578.275', 'D03.633.100.473.278'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D02.540.576.500.999'], ['C04.557.337.372.594', 'C04.619.531.594'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D26.776'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Leishmania donovani: expression and characterization of Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant chitinase LdCHT1.
|
Leishmania parasites produce chitinase activity (EC. 3.2.1.14) thought to be important in parasite-sandfly interactions and transmission of the parasite to the vertebrate host. Previous observations have suggested that parasite chitinases are involved in degradation of the sandfly peritrophic matrix and the chitinous layer of the cardiac valve cuticle. This chitinase activity is thought to produce an incompetent pharyngeal valve sphincter and a route of egress that allow Leishmania promastigotes to be regurgitated into the site of blood feeding. In the studies reported here, enzymatically active L. donovani chitinase LdCHT1 was expressed as a thioredoxin fusion protein in Escherichia coli strain AD494 (DE3). Recombinant LdCHT1 had a predominantly endochitinase activity, in contrast to previous reports of both exo- and endochitinase activities in axenic culture supernatants of diverse Leishmania spp. promastigotes. The predominant endochitinase activity of recombinant LdCHT1 is consistent with the presumed function of the enzyme in disrupting chitinous structures in the sandfly digestive system to allow transmission.
|
['Acetylglucosamine', 'Animals', 'Chitin', 'Chitinases', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fluorometry', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Hydrolysis', 'Hymecromone', 'Leishmania donovani', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 11,888,249
|
[['D09.067.342.531.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D05.750.078.139', 'D09.698.211'], ['D08.811.277.450.207'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G02.300'], ['G02.380'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.912.531', 'D03.633.100.150.446.912.531'], ['B01.268.475.868.488.230'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of vitamin B12 on the sleep-wake rhythm following an 8-hour advance of the light-dark cycle in the rat.
|
We have studied the effect of vitamin B12 (VB12) on the sleep-wake rhythm following an 8-h advance of the light-dark (LD) cycle in the rat. The electroencephalogram and electromyogram were recorded on chart paper via a two-channel telemetry system. Infusion of VB12 (Mecobalamin; 0.25 microgram/h) or saline into the abdominal cavity was performed using an implanted miniosmotic pump. Before the phase shift, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean daily amount of each vigilance stage. Following the phase advance, in the saline group, wake gradually decreased and nonrapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep and REM sleep increased. In the VB12 group, no significant change was seen in any of the vigilance states, except for REM sleep on day 3. The results suggest that VB12 may maintain homeostasis of sleep and/or wake amount following an 8-h advance of the LD cycle in the rat.
|
['Animals', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sleep', 'Vitamin B 12', 'Wakefulness']
| 9,108,574
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.437.777', 'D03.633.400.909.437.777', 'D04.345.783.437.777'], ['F02.830.104.821', 'G11.561.035.738']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vivo and in vitro application of near-infrared fiber optic probe for Ehrlich carcinoma distinction: Towards the development of real-time tumor margins assessment tool.
|
This report describes a full-scale experiment on intradermal Ehrlich carcinoma (EC) differentiation in mouse model using NIR spectroscopy in diffuse reflectance mode and chemometric data processing. EC is widely used as an experimental tumor model due to its resemblance with human undifferentiated epithelial tumors and can be applied as a preclinical testing in order to verify the capability of NIR spectroscopy to distinguish cancer from healthy tissues before a clinical research with an aim of creating a new analytical tool for on-line intraoperative tumor margins assessment. The study consists of five steps of NIR spectra measurements: in vivo on the early stage of carcinoma growth; in vivo on the advanced stage of carcinoma growth; in vivo during the surgery; in vitro study of the post-operative materials stored in formalin; in vitro study of the post-operative materials stored in paraffin. It was shown that reliable tumor differentiation with a compact optic fiber probe was possible in all these cases. The classification models were built on two data sets, obtained during in vivo and in vitro measurements; both of them demonstrated 100% specificity and sensitivity.
|
['Animals', 'Biopsy', 'Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Female', 'Fiber Optic Technology', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared', 'Support Vector Machine']
| 30,677,734
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.200', 'C04.619.169'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['H01.671.617.249'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851'], ['G17.035.250.500.500.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530.500.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Autologous bone marrow transfusion in the treatment of adults with hematologic neoplasms. Experiences from Bern].
|
21 patients with hematological neoplasias (8 ALL, 4 AML, 4 NHL, 5 HD) were treated with high dose therapy and autologous bone marrow rescue (ABMT). At the time of ABMT 12 patients were in CR, 6 in PR and 3 in relapse. 66% of the patients were at high risk at the time of diagnosis. Before ABMT patients received an ablative regimen such as cyclophosphamide or ARA-C, VP-16, DNR and 12 Gy TBI in 6 fractions. In 9 patients the bone marrow was treated in vitro with monoclonal antibodies and complement. The hospital stay was a median 33 (24-57) days and isolation 19 (9-49) days. Complications were septicemia (7), herpes stomatitis (7), infections (6), fungal sepsis (1) and hemorrhagic cystitis (2). Late complications (up to 6 months after ABMT) were pneumococcal sepsis (1), cerebral toxoplasmosis (1) and herpes zoster (3). 10 of 19 evaluable patients are alive and relapse-free 1-33 months (median 10) after ABTM, and 3 of 10 more than 2 years later: 4 of 5 were transplanted in 1. CR, 4 of 6 in greater than or equal to 2. CR and 2 of 8 in PR. 4 patients are living in therapy sensitive relapse 2, 11, 11 and 39 months after ABMT in 2. CR or PR. 5 patients died 1-13 (median 3.5) months on relapse, 2 of 21 from septicemia. The morbidity of ABMT is comparable with conventional high dose chemotherapy. Relapse-free survival was significantly influenced by the remission status at ABMT. Long-term survivors can be expected even in patients with high risk hematological malignancies. However, only wider trials will serve to establish the efficacy of ABMT.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Bone Marrow', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'Transplantation, Autologous']
| 2,667,130
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['A15.382.216'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['E02.186'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600'], ['E04.936.664']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Immunogenicity of peptides for B cells is not impaired by overlapping T-cell epitope topology.
|
The epitope specificity of T-cell help to B cells and of surface immunoglobulin-mediated B-cell-binding of antigens usually involves topographically distinct antigenic determinants. The possibility of cross-recognition of the same peptide sequence by both T cells and antibodies has been a matter of conflicting opinions. We investigated this subject by detailed mapping of T- and B-cell epitopes within four immunogenic mycobacterial peptides. The identified core sequences of T- and B-cell epitopes showed different topology within each peptide: they were partially overlapping or adjacent in two P38-derived peptides, but entirely overlapping in two P19-derived peptides. The critically important result using the two truncated peptides (P19/67-78 and P19/146-155) containing only the fully overlapping epitope cores was, that they retained full potency for inducing antibody responses. However, despite this desirable overlap of determinants, antipeptide sera failed to block the proliferation of corresponding T-cell hybridomas. We conclude, that our study, in contrast to previous findings, suggests that overlapping topology of T- and B-cell epitopes within synthetic peptides does not necessarily impair B-cell immunogenicity.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antigen-Presenting Cells', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Line', 'Epitope Mapping', 'Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte', 'Female', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptides', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 8,774,349
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.066', 'A15.382.066'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.478.274', 'E05.601.690.300'], ['D23.050.550.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Comparison of neural response telemetry thresholds with behavioral T/C levels].
|
OBJECTIVE: To provide an objective method to estimate T-levels and C-levels using neural response telemetry (NRT) thresholds for children, from whom we can not get accurate responses because they are very young or have other disabilities, by comparing NRT thresholds and T/C levels.METHODS: Seventy patients implanted with the nucleus CI24M multiple cochlear implant system participated in this study. 329 electrodes were tested. The software used in this study was NRT 2.04. Monopolar stimulation mode was used during NRT threshold measurement. No. 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 electrodes were tested for each patient. The T-levels and C-levels were obtained at the same visit.RESULTS: 92.7% of all the tested electrodes recorded NRT responses. There were variations in the amplitudes and thresholds of NRT responses across subjects and electrodes. NRT thresholds fell within the different points of the MAP dynamic range. The mean of NRT thresholds was shown to fall between the mean of T-levels and C-levels. The NRT thresholds and T/C levels reduced from basal to apical ends of the cochlear.CONCLUSIONS: Considerable variability across subjects was noted. So it is difficult to estimate T-levels and C-levels accurately by testing only NRT thresholds only. NRT technology provides a new objective method for estimating T-levels and C-levels for children who are unable to cooperate with audiologists during mapping after operation. The new NRT technology should be improved in the future.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Auditory Threshold', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cochlear Implantation', 'Cochlear Implants', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Telemetry']
| 12,966,804
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.593.071.173', 'F02.463.593.710.190', 'G07.888.125.173'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E04.580.450.220', 'E04.650.220'], ['E07.305.250.319.381.500.500', 'E07.695.150', 'E07.695.202.381.500.500', 'E07.814.458.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520.750', 'E05.925', 'L01.178.847.675']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Retrograde transvenous neuroperfusion: a back door treatment for stroke.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability in the United States. The clot-lysis drug tissue plasminogen activator is the only treatment that has been effective for acute stroke patients, yet there are significant limitations to its use and effectiveness. In this study retrograde transvenous neuroperfusion (RTN) was evaluated for its efficacy in reversing acute ischemia, preventing paralysis, and limiting pathological evidence of infarction in baboons.METHODS: Ten adult male baboons underwent 3.5 hours of reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) under isoflurane (0.25% to 1.5%) anesthesia. Five randomly chosen animals received RTN treatment 1 hour after start of MCAO. Somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded during MCAO. Animals were assigned daily neurological scores. Animals were killed 6 days after MCAO, and brains were quantitatively analyzed for infarct volume.RESULTS: Within 1 hour after RTN was started, treated animals showed significantly improved somatosensory evoked potentials (103.3% versus 75% of baseline; P<0.01). Likewise, the combined neurological score for the RTN-treated group was 99.2, while the combined mean score for the untreated group was 66.4 (P<0.015). The mean infarction volume was 8.8+/-3.1% (of contralateral hemisphere) for the control group and 0.3+/-0.2% for the RTN-treated group (P<0.01). No increased mortality was seen in the RTN-treated group.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that RTN treatment during MCAO effectively reverses the pathophysiological sequelae of ischemia, even when the treatment is initiated 1 hour after the onset of ischemia. Although the infarct volume in the control group was variable when quantitatively assessed 6 days after 3.5 hours of MCAO, virtually no evidence of infarcts was seen in the RTN-treated group.
|
['Animals', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Brain', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cerebrovascular Disorders', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory', 'Male', 'Neurologic Examination', 'Papio', 'Reperfusion', 'Surgical Instruments', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative']
| 9,731,618
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.907.137'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['C10.228.140.300', 'C14.907.253'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G07.265.216.500.400', 'G11.561.200.500.400'], ['E01.370.376.550', 'E01.370.600.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.610'], ['E04.100.700', 'E05.680.730'], ['E07.858.700'], ['E04']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A salicylic acid-induced lectin-like protein plays a positive role in the effector-triggered immunity response of Arabidopsis thaliana to Pseudomonas syringae Avr-Rpm1.
|
Salicylic acid (SA) is one of the key hormones that orchestrate the pathogen-induced immune response in plants. This response is often characterized by the activation of a local hypersensitive reaction involving programmed cell death, which constrains proliferation of biotrophic pathogens. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of an SA-induced legume lectin-like protein 1 (SAI-LLP1), which is coded by a gene that belongs to the group of early SA-activated Arabidopsis genes. SAI-LLP1 expression is induced upon inoculation with avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato via an SA-dependent mechanism. Constitutive expression of SAI-LLP1 restrains proliferation of P. syringae pv. tomato Avr-Rpm1 and triggers more cell death in inoculated leaves. Cellular and biochemical evidence indicates that SAI-LLP1 is a glycoprotein located primarily at the apoplastic side of the plasma membrane. This work indicates that SAI-LLP1 is involved in resistance to P. syringae pv. tomato Avr-Rpm1 in Arabidopsis, as a component of the SA-mediated defense processes associated with the effector-triggered immunity response.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Membrane', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Glycoproteins', 'Lectins', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Immunity', 'Plant Leaves', 'Pseudomonas syringae', 'Salicylic Acid']
| 24,006,883
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G04.146'], ['A11.284.149'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['D12.776.503'], ['G15.610'], ['G12.450.800', 'G15.630'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.770', 'B03.660.250.580.590.770'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.595.608', 'D02.241.511.390.595.608', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595.608', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.608']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Virtual reality videos used in undergraduate palliative and oncology medical teaching: results of a pilot study.
|
BACKGROUND: Virtual reality (VR) immersive environments have been shown to be effective in medical teaching. Our university hospital received funding from our deanery, Health Education in Wales, to film teaching videos with a 360-degree camera.AIMS: To evaluate whether VR is an effective and acceptable teaching environment. VR headsets were set up for medical students who rotated through Velindre Cancer Hospital's Palliative Care department.METHODS: Students were asked to put on a VR headset and experience a pre-recorded 27 min presentation on nausea and vomiting in palliative care settings. They subsequently viewed a radiotherapy treatment experience from a patient's point of view.RESULTS: Of the 72 medical students who participated, 70 found the experience comfortable, with two students stating they felt the experience uncomfortable (1=headset too tight; 1=blurry visuals). Numerical scoring on ability to concentrate in VR from 0 to 10 (0=worst, 10=best) scored an average of 8.44 (range, 7-10). Asked whether this format suited their learning style, average score was 8.31 (range 6-10). 97.2 % (n=70) students stated that they would recommend this form of learning to a colleague, with one student saying he/she would not recommend and another stating he/she was unsure. Students left anonymous free-text feedback comments which helped frame future needs in this emerging area.DISCUSSION: This study suggests that there is room for exploring new ways of delivering teaching and expanding it more widely in palliative care and oncology, but also provides feedback on areas that need further careful attention. Comments from students included: "Might have been the novelty factor but I learnt more from this 20 min VR thing than I have from many lectures".SUMMARY: The project has proved sufficiently popular in medical student feedback, that the VR experience is now available on YouTube and has been permanently introduced into routine teaching. Further 360-degree teaching environments have been filmed. Of note is that our 360-degree videos have been viewed in Africa, so this format of teaching could prove valuable due to its global reach.
|
['Adult', 'Education, Medical, Undergraduate', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Oncology', 'Palliative Medicine', 'Pilot Projects', 'Videotape Recording', 'Virtual Reality', 'Wales']
| 30,808,627
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I02.358.399.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429.515'], ['H02.403.645'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['J01.897.280.500.846.734', 'J01.897.280.500.898.840', 'L01.178.590.875.840', 'L01.178.820.090.846.734', 'L01.178.820.090.898.840', 'L01.280.940.840', 'L01.280.960.880'], ['L01.224.160.875', 'L01.296.555'], ['Z01.542.363.914']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Screening of prothrombotic state-related genes from human hepatic cDNA library].
|
OBJECTIVE: To screen prothrombotic state-related cDNA sequences from human hepatic cDNA library.METHODS: The subtracted cDNA library for differentially expressed genes in rat liver of prothrombotic state (PTS) was constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization. Positive clones were identified by differential screening. The target DNA sequences of positive cDNA clones of differentially expressed genes from rat liver of PTS were amplified by PCR. The PCR products were used as probes to screen a human hepatic cDNA library. After the first, second and third screening, the transduction of a positive lambdaTripIEx lysate into E. coli strain BM25. 8 promoted the circularization of pTripIEx. The positive circularized plasmids were identified by double enzyme digestion. The cDNA fragments of the positive plasmids were sequenced and analyzed by bioinformatics (blastn).RESULTS: Four PTS-related cDNA sequences were identified from human hepatic cDNA library. For 3 of them, their products of expression were respectively fibrinogen, LFIRE1, and chromosome 10 open reading frame 104 mRNA. The fourth sequence had homology with carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 1 gene.CONCLUSION: Four PTS-related cDNA sequences have been identified from human hepatic cDNA library.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Library', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Thrombophilia']
| 16,235,517
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.360.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['C15.378.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Kallmann's syndrome: skeletal and psychological aspects of late diagnosis.
|
We report a case of Kallmann's syndrome (KS) in a previously untreated 30-year-old Caucasian male, admitted to our Endocrinology Department, presenting with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and hypoosmia, and reporting a history of rickets in early childhood and a rapid growth pattern. On admission, his main complaints were back-pain and a decreased tolerance to physical exercise. The patient gave no family history of hypogonadism or hypoosmia, and his case was assumed to be sporadic KS. On physical examination hypogonadism (micropenis, small testes, no puberty), hypoosmia and severe scoliosis, kyphosis and chest malformations were recorded. No facial hair growth was found nor past voice braking. His skeletal proportions were eunuchoidal, no mid-line defects were found. This case of KS was identified unusually late. Due to patient's anxiety that his physical appearance might change due to therapy, he was referred to a clinical psychologist who confirmed the patient's self-perception as a male. The risk of further bone malformations, progression of osteoporosis and consecutive pathological fractures were the main indications for commencing treatment. Psychological support was provided. Six months of treatment with low doses of hCG (500 IU given i.m. twice a week) had elevated his testosterone levels but they still remained below the lower values of the normal reference range for males. Additional treatment with vitamin D and calcium supplementation was continued. A certain improvement of bone density score was observed. The patient noted a marked pain relief and he willingly complied with the treatment. After six months of therapy hCG dose was increased to 2000 IU given twice a week. We conclude that even at such a late diagnosis of Kallmann's syndrome in a male who accepts his physical appearance and does not wish any treatment in this respect, hormonal therapy is necessary and should be introduced to reduce significant risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures, and also to offset slowly progressing skeletal malformations which result from the lack of epiphyseal fusion.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Bone Density', 'Disease Progression', 'Humans', 'Kallmann Syndrome', 'Male']
| 14,595,239
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['G11.427.100'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.706.316.096.750', 'C13.351.875.253.096.750', 'C16.131.939.316.096.750', 'C16.320.467', 'C19.391.119.096.750', 'C19.391.482.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reproducibility studies for anti-DNA antibody detection in systemic lupus erythematosus and related diseases. FIAX fluorometric immunoassay and Farr radioimmunoassay.
|
We compared the FIAX fluorometric immunoassay for antiDNA antibodies with a Farr radio-immunoassay. Neither was precise; coefficients of variation usually exceeded 10%. The 2 assays correlated well (r = 0.87). Both were almost completely specific for numbers of sera with elevated antiDNA preferable to the Farr assay and probably to all other antiDNA assays currently used in clinical situations, although its reproducibility needs improvement.
|
['Antibodies, Antinuclear', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Epitopes', 'Fluorometry', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Reagent Kits, Diagnostic', 'Time Factors']
| 6,180,758
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.204', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.204', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.204'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['D23.050.550'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['D27.505.259.875', 'D27.720.470.410.680', 'E07.720'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prospective, age-related analysis of surgical results, functional outcome, and quality of life after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.
|
OBJECTIVE To evaluate how age affects functional outcome and quality of life after ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Because of the limited number of older patients undergoing IPAA, it has been difficult to assess functional outcome and quality of life stratified by age. METHODS IPAA was performed in 1895 patients. Patients were stratified by age into <45 (n = 1410), 46-55 (n = 289), 56-65 (n = 154), and more than 65 years (n = 42). Outcome was assessed prospectively. Results are presented at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years after surgery.RESULTS Patients were followed for 4.6 +/- 3.7 years (maximum, 17 years). Pouch failure occurred in 4.1% (pouch excision or permanent diversion). Incontinence and night time seepage were more common in older patients. There were minor differences in the quality of life, health, energy and happiness between age groups, with a slight benefit for those under 45 years. Fourteen percent or fewer patients experienced social, sexual or work restrictions. Overall, 96% of patients were happy to have undergone their surgery, and 98% recommended it to others. Although the respective figures were 89% and 96% in the over-65 age group, the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a unique assessment of outcome after IPAA at multiple time points. Although functional outcome after IPAA is not as good in older patients, appropriate case selection confers acceptable function and quality of life to patients of all ages.
|
['Adenomatous Polyposis Coli', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Fecal Incontinence', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Proctocolectomy, Restorative', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,894,015
|
[['C04.557.470.035.215.100', 'C04.588.274.476.411.307.089', 'C04.700.100', 'C06.301.371.411.307.090', 'C06.405.249.411.307.090', 'C06.405.469.158.356.090', 'C06.405.469.491.307.090', 'C06.405.469.578.249', 'C16.320.700.100'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['C06.405.469.860.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E04.210.219.620', 'E04.210.895.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytokine responses in the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) head kidney cells induced with heat-killed probiotics isolated from the Mongolian dairy products.
|
Cytokine responses in the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) head kidney (HK) cells to heat-killed lactic acid bacteria probiotics isolated from the Mongolian dairy products were investigated by transcriptomic examination. The HK cells were incubated with two heat-killed bacteria, namely Lactobacillus paracasei spp. paracasei (strain 06TCa22) and L. plantarum (strain 06CC2) and the responses of 16 cytokine genes at 0 (control), 1, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h post-stimulation were assayed by multiplex RT-PCR analysis (GenomeLab Genetic Analysis System, GeXPS; Beckman Coulter, Inc.). The 16 genes included in the assay were pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1â, IL-6, IL-17A/F-3, TNF-á and TNF-N), cell-mediated immune regulators (IL-12p35, IL-12p40 and IL-18), antiviral (I-IFN-1 and IFN-ã) and other regulatory (IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21, IL-10 and TGF-â1) cytokines. Despite the differences in the transcriptional profiles, expression of all the cytokines tested here was significantly elevated by both the probiotic bacterial stimulants compared with the unstimulated control. Therefore, this in vitro study has demonstrated the modulation of cytokine defense mechanisms in the HK cells by the two heat-killed probiotics indicating their potentiality as novel immunostimulants to fish. However, strain-dependent varied expression of important cytokines (cell-mediated immune regulators, antiviral and anti-inflammatory cytokines) suggests better efficacy of L. paracasei spp. paracasei strain as fish immunostimulant. Further in vivo studies to elucidate the cytokine regulation networks will validate our present observations. A careful evaluation of ant-inflammatory properties may be undertaken using single strain to affirm the immunostimulatory capability. Moreover, application timings and frequency to assess the longevity of immunostimulant effects and to make the application cost-effective need to be evaluated before any practical use in aquaculture.
|
['Animals', 'Aquaculture', 'Cytokines', 'Dairy Products', 'Head Kidney', 'Hot Temperature', 'Lactobacillus', 'Mongolia', 'Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Probiotics', 'Species Specificity', 'Takifugu', 'Time Factors']
| 23,422,813
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.040.168'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G07.203.300.350', 'J02.500.350'], ['A13.449', 'A16.835.400'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B03.353.750.450.475', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475', 'B03.510.550.450.475'], ['Z01.252.474.651'], ['E05.393.620.500.487'], ['G07.203.300.456.500', 'J02.500.456.500'], ['G16.824'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.875.800'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Control of the dog thyrocyte plasma membrane iodide permeability by the Ca(2+)-phosphatidylinositol and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate cascades.
|
Protein iodination by the dog thyrocyte (a marker of thyroid hormone synthesis) is stimulated by the Ca(2+)-phosphatidylinositol and cAMP cascades. We have shown previously that H2O2 generation, a limiting step of thyroid hormone synthesis, is modulated by these two cascades. In this work, we show that the I- release from preloaded thyrocytes is also activated by agents activating the Ca(2+)-phosphatidylinositol cascade and by Ca2+ ionophores, especially in synergy with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, a potent activator of protein kinase-C. The effect of carbachol is reduced when the extracellular Ca2+ is depleted. Thus, both arms of the Ca(2+)-phosphatidylinositol cascade, Ca2+ and diacylglycerol, acutely and synergistically activate dog thyrocyte I- release. This I- release was also accelerated by acute and chronic exposure to TSH, forskolin, or (BU)2cAMP. The chronic stimulation of I- release by TSH exposure was diminished by chronic epidermal growth factor treatment (which dedifferentiates the thyrocytes). In addition, the chronic stimulation of I- release by forskolin was not affected by withdrawal of the agent up to 4 h before the experiment, in contrast to the acute effect of forskolin, which vanished within 16 min after forskolin withdrawal. These results suggest that the chronic stimulation of I- release by TSH or forskolin involves a stable mechanism. The I- transport system causing the release of I- from the dog thyrocyte is almost insensitive to inhibition by NaClO4 and KSCN. Hence, the iodide release cannot be due to the action of the basolateral Na+/I- cotransporter. In addition, we show that I- release was less sensitive than I- uptake to the inhibition by dysidenin, a marine toxin isolated from the sponge, Dysidea herbacea, known to inhibit I- uptake by dog thyroid slices. In summary, this work suggests that in a well defined model of the thyroid, the dog thyrocyte in primary culture, an I- transport system distinct from the basolateral Na+/I- cotransporter, is responsible for the observed I- release. The complex modulation of this transport system, involving at least the Ca(2+)-phosphatidylinositol and cAMP cascades, parallels the regulation of protein iodination, which itself reflects thyroid hormone synthesis.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Calcium', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Dogs', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Iodides', 'Marine Toxins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Phosphatidylinositols', 'Symporters', 'Thiazoles', 'Thyroid Gland']
| 8,070,394
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G04.152'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['A11.251'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.481'], ['D01.248.497.158.490', 'D01.475.410'], ['D23.946.580'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.942'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['A06.300.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Actigraphic sleep-wake patterns and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
|
Recent studies suggest melatonin, due to its antioxidant and free-radical-scavenging actions, may play a role in the neuroprotection against amyloid, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we determined urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) excretion together with actigraphic sleep-wake patterns of untreated male patients with AD who lived at home. Results were compared with those obtained from normal age-matched elderly and normal young male subjects. Similar measurements were also performed in another group of patients with AD who were treated with a cholinesterase inhibitor (Donepezil, Aricept). Total 24h aMT6s values were significantly reduced in elderly controls (19.9h +/- 5.2 microg/ 24h), in those with untreated AD (12.7 +/- 4.4 microg/24h), and in patients treated for AD (12.4 +/- 4.4 microg/24h) compared with normal young men (32.8 +/- 3.1 microg/24h). A day-night difference in aMT6s was evident in all young controls, in 50% of elderly controls, in only 20% of patients with untreated AD, and in 67% of those with AD receiving Aricept. Sleep quality (expressed as sleep efficiency, wake time, and long undisturbed sleep duration) was better in young and elderly controls compared with the two groups of patients with AD. There was no significant correlation between aMT6s values or sleep patterns and the severity of cognitive impairment in patients with AD. Taken together, these data suggest that disrupted sleep, decreased melatonin production, and partial lack of day-night difference in melatonin secretion were observed equally in normal elderly and in patients with AD. Our results do not permit drawing any conclusion as to whether changes in urinary aMT6s excretion is correlated with disturbed sleep in patients with AD.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Dementia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Male', 'Melatonin', 'Middle Aged', 'Polysomnography', 'Sleep', 'Time Factors']
| 11,475,420
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Incidence of imipenem hypersensitivity reactions in febrile neutropenic bone marrow transplant patients with a history of penicillin allergy.
|
The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess cross-hypersensitivity between imipenem/cilastatin and penicillin in patients with reported penicillin allergies. Medical records of febrile neutropenic, penicillin-allergic bone marrow transplant recipients who received imipenem/cilastatin treatment were retrospectively reviewed. The findings of this study indicate the incidence of cross-reactivity between imipenem/cilastatin and penicillin among patients with a history of penicillin allergy may be lower than previously reported.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Cilastatin', 'Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination', 'Cross Reactions', 'Drug Combinations', 'Drug Hypersensitivity', 'Fever', 'Humans', 'Imipenem', 'Incidence', 'Middle Aged', 'Neutropenia', 'Penicillins', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 11,096,026
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.533.200', 'D10.251.355.325.200'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.500.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.533.200.500', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.500.500', 'D10.251.355.325.200.500', 'D26.310.356'], ['G12.122.281'], ['D26.310'], ['C20.543.206', 'C25.100.468'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.500', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.553.546.184.564'], ['D02.065.589.099.750', 'D02.886.108.750', 'D03.633.100.300.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Use of electric stimulation to prevent the development of muscle changes during hypokinesia].
|
An attempt was made to use electric stimulation of antigravity muscles of hind limbs of rats exposed to a 15 and 30 day hypokinesia as a method for preventing structural and metabolic disorders that develop in the muscular tissue during a diminished motor activity. The electric stimulation was carried out using the Bion device with a frequency-amplitude modulation. The impulses of an amplitude of 0.7-1 msec and a frequency of 100 to 130 Hz were modulated with a frequency of 0.5 Hz. During the first experimental days the electric stimulation was 5 to 7 min and by the end of the first week it reached 30 min. Throughout the first week the voltage grew from 6-7 to 20 V. Electric stimulation was applied 5 times a week. The favourable effect of the electric stimulation was demonstrated in 4 out of 12 animals during every experimental run. It is suggested that a higher percentage of the protective effect of the method can be achieved with the stimulation ensuring a more intensive influence on the deeply located muscles.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Animals', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Glutamate Dehydrogenase', 'Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase', 'Hindlimb', 'Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase', 'Immobilization', 'Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Male', 'Muscles', 'NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases', 'Rats', 'Succinate Dehydrogenase']
| 234,552
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.723.402'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.398'], ['D08.811.682.047.150.700.400'], ['A13.473'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.350'], ['E05.472'], ['D05.500.562.468', 'D08.811.600.465', 'D08.811.682.657.350.750'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['D08.811.682.608'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D05.500.562.750.249.500', 'D08.811.600.250.500.750.500', 'D08.811.600.250.875.249.500', 'D08.811.682.660.385.500', 'D08.811.682.830.249.500', 'D12.776.157.427.374.375.909.500', 'D12.776.331.199.750.500', 'D12.776.543.277.500.750.500', 'D12.776.543.277.875.249.500', 'D12.776.556.579.374.375.141.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bile induced acute oedematous pancreatitis in rats: non-parallel changes in pancreatic morphology and amylase release in vitro.
|
Pancreatic morphology and amylase release from isolated pancreatic acini in response to caerulein was studied in the course of an experimental bile induced acute pancreatitis without acinar necrosis. The inflammation was induced by retrograde microinfusion of 25 microliters bile into the rat bile pancreatic duct. A dissociation between functional and structural findings was seen. One hour after the bile injury, there was a transient change in acinar cell function. The response to stimulation by caerulein was reduced by 50%, whereas the sensitivity to caerulein was normal. There was oedema and an initial leucocyte infiltration of the gland. Six hours, one day, three days, and seven days after the bile injury, there was an acute interstitial oedematous pancreatitis with a modest polymorphonuclear leucocyte infiltration of the interstitium and widespread acinar vacuolisation. Morphological changes were most pronounced at the third postoperative day. Acinar amylase release, however, was normal both in terms of sensitivity and responsiveness to stimulation. These results show that bile injury may result in an initial disturbance of acinar cell function. Normal acinar amylase release prevailing in the course of the inflammation suggests that disturbance of the acinar amylase secretory response is not a primary stimulant of the inflammation before the development of acinar necrosis.
|
['Amylases', 'Animals', 'Bile', 'Ceruletide', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Edema', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatitis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Time Factors']
| 7,523,259
|
[['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['B01.050'], ['A12.200.087'], ['D12.644.456.241'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.888.277'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.734'], ['C06.689.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Elevated serum-soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
|
Levels of serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) provide a reliable marker of disease activity in patients with hairy cell leukemia and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. The malignant cells in patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) express CD30 and are usually positive for expression of CD25. We measured serum sIL-2R and soluble CD30 (sCD30) levels in patients with ALCL treated with EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, Oncovin, Cytoxan, hydroxydaunorubicin) infusional chemotherapy. Serum sCD30 levels were elevated and decreased in response to therapy as previously reported. Serum sIL-2R levels were elevated in 7 of 9 patients with ALCL and decreased in response to treatment. Baseline serum sIL-2R levels varied but correlated well with serum sCD30 levels (r = 0.97). Patients positive for the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene showed elevated sIL-2R levels, whereas those negative for ALK had normal serum sIL-2R levels and their tumors lacked CD25 expression. Serum sIL-2R levels were elevated in both patients with recurrent disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Doxorubicin', 'Etoposide', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ki-1 Antigen', 'Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prednisone', 'Receptors, Interleukin-2', 'Recurrence', 'Solubility', 'Vincristine']
| 15,205,267
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.675.250', 'D04.615.638.960.675.250', 'D09.408.348.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.072', 'D23.050.285.025', 'D23.101.140.055'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.585', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.585', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.585'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.320'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['G02.805'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.817']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The use of the carbon dioxide laser in the management of condyloma acuminatum with eight-year follow-up.
|
This paper relates our comprehensive treatment and follow-up of 242 women with condyloma acuminatum over an 8-year period. Laser treatments were carried out at an average power density of 800 W/cm2. Thirty-five patients received a general anesthetic prior to treatment. All other patients were treated in the outpatient clinic. The majority of patients had multiple involvements: 38% had condyloma acuminatum located on the cervix, vulva, and vagina. All of the patients had at least 1 disease-free year following treatment(s) with the carbon dioxide laser; 65% of those treated had at least 2 disease-free years. In many cases, the men were found to have small papillary excrescences on the penis that were not readily diagnosed with the naked eye and were detected only after colposcopic magnification was used. Once the male partner was treated and the female partner was re-treated, the effective cure rate for 1 year was 97%.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Colposcopy', 'Condylomata Acuminata', 'Female', 'Fever', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Genital Neoplasms, Female', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Penile Neoplasms', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 6,414,305
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.378.150', 'E01.370.388.250.150', 'E04.502.250.150', 'E04.520.150', 'E04.950.300.210'], ['C01.221.812.640.220', 'C01.778.640.220', 'C01.925.256.650.810.217', 'C01.925.813.220', 'C01.925.825.810.110', 'C01.925.928.914.217', 'C17.800.838.790.810.110'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C04.588.945.418', 'C13.351.937.418'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.588.945.440.715', 'C12.294.260.500', 'C12.294.494.591', 'C12.758.409.500'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ebola and Localized Blame on Social Media: Analysis of Twitter and Facebook Conversations During the 2014-2015 Ebola Epidemic.
|
This study aimed to analyze main groups accused on social media of causing or spreading the 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa. In this analysis, blame is construed as a vehicle of meaning through which the lay public makes sense of an epidemic, and through which certain classes of people become "figures of blame". Data was collected from Twitter and Facebook using key word extraction, then categorized thematically. Our findings indicate an overall proximate blame tendency: blame was typically cast on "near-by" figures, namely national governments, and less so on "distant" figures, such as generalized figures of otherness ("Africans", global health authorities, global elites). Our results also suggest an evolution of online blame. In the early stage of the epidemic, blame directed at the affected populations was more prominent. However, during the peak of the outbreak, the increasingly perceived threat of inter-continental spread was accompanied by a progressively proximal blame tendency, directed at figures with whom the social media users had pre-existing biopolitical frustrations. Our study proposes that pro-active and on-going analysis of blame circulating in social media can usefully help to guide communications strategies, making them more responsive to public perceptions.
|
['Communication', 'Epidemics', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola', 'Humans', 'Qualitative Research', 'Social Media']
| 31,214,902
|
[['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['N06.850.290.200'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['C01.925.782.417.415', 'C01.925.782.580.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['L01.178.751', 'L01.224.230.110.500.750']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Significance of sympathetic innervation of pulmonary vessels in response to acute hypoxia.
|
The role of the autonomic nervous system on the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia was studied in anesthetized open-chest dogs. Acute hypoxia elicited reversible decreases in the slope of the instantaneous diameter-pressure relationship of the main pulmonary artery. These decrements in vascular compliance during hypoxia were prevented by either bilateral thoracic sympathectomy or by section of the cervical vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves and were reproduced by bolus injections of lobeline (0.1 mg) at the root of the aorta. Using separation of the airways with a tracheal divider, the effects of systemic and of alveolar hypoxia on vascular resistance of the left caudal lobe were compared. Systemic hypoxia in the absence of alveolar hypoxia had no effect on pulmonary vascular resistance. Alveolar hypoxia elicited reversible increases in vascular resistance that were not prevented by sympathectomy. It is concluded that at least two vascular sites of action and two mechanisms are involved in the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Hypoxia', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Sympathectomy', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 893,268
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['E04.525.210.105.800'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Severe autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy in an adolescent girl with a novel AIRE mutation: response to immunosuppressive therapy.
|
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder for which the gene (AIRE) has recently been identified on chromosome 21q22.3. We present the mutational analyses of a French-Canadian family with APECED, in which there are two affected siblings, as well as the response to cyclosporine A(CyA) therapy in the index patient, the eldest sibling. Haplotype analysis suggested compound heterozygozity at the AIRE locus. Direct sequencing of exon 8 revealed a previously described mutation, a 13-bp deletion (1085-1097) of maternal origin, found in the index patient, her affected sister, and her unaffected sister. A novel missense mutation characterized by a T-->G transversion at nucleotide position 398, resulting in a leu-->arg amino acid substitution (L93R), was found in exon 2. The mutation was present in the father, the brother, the index patient, and the affected sister. The presence of the mutation in the propositus was verified by cloning of PCR products from genomic DNA. The mutation destroys a PstI restriction enzyme site, as confirmed in the aforementioned patients. Screening of 50 French-Canadian controls with PstI digestion did not show destruction of the restriction-enzyme site. The index patient's phenotype was severe, manifested by classic features of the illness (adrenal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, candidiasis, and keratoconjunctivitis with alopecia universalis), as well as by severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, hepatic inflammation, growth hormone (GH) deficiency due to lymphocytic hypophysitis, and primary ovarian failure. Oral CyA (5 mg/kg/day) was initiated at 13 yr of age. After 8 months of therapy, stimulated pancreatic lipase increased 24-fold with normalization of stool fat (from 31.5 g/day to 2.5 g/day, normal(N) < 5). There was complete resolution of her photophobia, and considerable hair regrowth was diffusely apparent. Minimal side effects were noted. Our experience supports the use of oral CyA for the treatment of severe APECED-associated exocrine pancreatic failure and keratoconjunctivitis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cyclosporine', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Magnesium', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree', 'Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune', 'Transcription Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Uric Acid']
| 10,084,559
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673'], ['C19.787', 'C20.111.750'], ['D12.776.930'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D03.132.960.877', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.877']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytoprotective effects of 5 benzophenones and a xanthone from Hypericum annulatum in models of epirubicin-induced cytotoxicity: SAR-analysis and mechanistic investigations.
|
A new benzophenone O-glucoside neoannulatophenonoside (1) together with the known pinocembrin-7-O-glucoside were isolated from the aerial parts of Hyperium annulatum Moris (Guttiferae). The former was identified as 3',5',6-trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside by means of chemical and physical evidence. The cytoprotective effects of the new compound together with the previously isolated from this species hypericophenonoside (2), annulatophenone (3), annulatophenonoside (4), acetylannulatophenonoside (5) and 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone (6) were evaluated in a model of epirubicin-induced cellular toxicity in K-562 cells. While the benzophenone O-glycosides 1, 2, 4 and 5 exerted substantial cytoprotective effects against the epirubicin cytotoxicity in K-562 cells the aglycones 3 and 6 lacked any significant cytoprotective activity. Biochemical investigations aimed at evaluating the free-radical scavenging activity of the tested compounds as well as their effects on the cellular glutathione stores were carried out as well, aiming at unravelling the mechanisms of cytoprotection. Finally, the ability of 1, 4 and 5 to ameliorate epirubicin-induced anticlonogenic effects on bone marrow cells colony forming units, in vitro were also evaluated. Taken together, the experimental data indicate that the benzophenone glycosides isolated from H. annulatum have a substantial cytoprotective potential against the toxic effects induced by epirubicin and necessitates further detailed pharmacological evaluation of these compounds as possible chemoprotective/radioprotective agents.
|
['Animals', 'Benzophenones', 'Cell Survival', 'Colony-Forming Units Assay', 'Cytoprotection', 'Epirubicin', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Humans', 'Hypericum', 'K562 Cells', 'Mice', 'Molecular Structure', 'Myeloid Progenitor Cells', 'Plant Components, Aerial', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Xanthones']
| 16,848,749
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.134', 'D02.522.223'], ['G04.346'], ['E01.370.225.500.383', 'E05.200.500.383', 'E05.242.383'], ['G07.690.773.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175.200'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.375', 'D12.776.395.240.300', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.375', 'D23.529.374.410.240.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.625.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.510', 'A11.251.860.180.510', 'A11.443.240.497.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['A11.148.378.590', 'A11.627.635', 'A11.872.378.590', 'A15.378.316.378.590'], ['A18.024'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D03.633.300.953.852']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Psychophysical evidence for an extrastriate contribution to a pattern-selective motion aftereffect.
|
A stationary vertical test grating appears to drift to the left after adaptation to an inducing grating drifting to the right, this being known as the motion aftereffect (MAE). Pattern-specific motion aftereffects (PSMAEs) induced by superimposed pairs of gratings in which the component gratings drift up and down but the observer sees a single coherent plaid drifting to the right have been investigated. Two experiments are reported in which it is demonstrated that the PSMAE is tuned more to the motion of the pattern than to the orientation and direction of motion of the component gratings. However, when subjects adapt to the component gratings in alternation, aftereffect magnitude is dependent upon the individual grating orientations and motion directions. These results can be interpreted in terms of extrastriate contributions to the PSMAE, possibly arising from the middle temporal area, where some cells, unlike those in striate cortex (V1), are tuned to pattern motion rather than to component motion.
|
['Figural Aftereffect', 'Form Perception', 'Humans', 'Motion Perception', 'Optical Illusions', 'Orientation', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Psychophysics', 'Visual Cortex', 'Visual Pathways']
| 3,205,673
|
[['F02.463.593.932.401', 'G14.360'], ['F02.463.593.373', 'F02.463.593.778.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['F02.463.593.446.659'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['E01.370.685', 'F04.096.753'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953'], ['A08.612.220.860']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ethnic and regional differences in prevalence and correlates of chronic diseases and risk factors in northern Canada.
|
INTRODUCTION: We investigated ethnic and geographic variations in major chronic diseases and risk factors in northern Canada, an area that is undergoing rapid changes in its social, cultural, and physical environments.METHODS: Self-report data were obtained from the population-based Canadian Community Health Survey in 2000-2001 and 2005-2006 for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal respondents from the 3 regions of northern Canada: Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. Crude prevalence estimates, adjusted odds ratios (AORs), and confidence intervals were calculated for multiple chronic diseases and risk factors.RESULTS: The percentage of Aboriginal respondents who reported having any chronic health condition increased between the 2 cycles of data collection, but did not change for non-Aboriginal respondents. AORs for heart disease, arthritis, and asthma varied by ethnicity or region. AORs for overweight, obesity, daily smoking, regular and binge drinking, and infrequent physical/leisure activity were also substantially different for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal respondents or among respondents from the 3 northern regions.CONCLUSION: The changing profile of health in northern Canada suggests a need for action on health policy about the delivery of community-based primary prevention interventions and further research about the determinants of health and health care use.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'American Native Continental Ancestry Group', 'Canada', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking', 'Young Adult']
| 20,040,228
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.686.508.150'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Overweight and Obesity in Midlife and Brain Structure and Dementia 26 Years Later: The AGES-Reykjavik Study.
|
High adiposity in midlife might increase risk for late-life brain pathology, including dementia. Using data from the prospective Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study of men and women (born 1907-1935), we studied the associations of overweight and obesity at midlife (mean age, 50 (standard deviation, 4.7) years) with 1.5-T brain magnetic resonance imaging measures of infarct-like brain lesions, cerebral microbleeds, total brain volume, and white matter lesions volume, as well as dementia, in late life (mean age, 76 (standard deviation, 5.2) years). We used linear and Poisson models to estimate associations in 3,864 persons after adjustment for sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle characteristics. In midlife, the prevalence of overweight was 39% and that of obesity was 8%. After a mean follow-up of 26.2 (standard deviation, 4.9) years, midlife overweight and obesity were not associated with infarct-like brain lesions (relative risk (RR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61, 1.10), cerebral microbleeds (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.37, 1.32), total brain volume (â = 0.05, 95% CI: -0.34, 0.45), white matter lesions volume (â = -0.10, 95% CI: -0.20, 0.01), or dementia (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.49, 1.72) compared with normal weight. These findings do not support the hypothesis that high body mass index in midlife modulates the risk for dementia.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Body Mass Index', 'Brain', 'Brain Infarction', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Dementia', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Iceland', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity']
| 25,810,457
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477', 'C14.907.253.855.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250', 'C23.550.717.489.250'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.816.249', 'Z01.639.490'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prey body mass and richness underlie the persistence of a top predator.
|
Predators and prey often differ in body mass. The ratio of predator to prey body mass influences the predator's functional response (how consumption varies with prey density), and therefore, the strength and stability of the predator-prey interaction. The persistence of food chains is maximized when prey species are neither too big nor too small relative to their predator. Nonetheless, we do not know if (i) food web persistence requires that all predator-prey body mass ratios are intermediate, nor (ii) if this constraint depends on prey diversity. We experimentally quantified the functional response for a single predator consuming prey species of different body masses. We used the resultant allometric functional response to parametrize a food web model. We found that predator persistence was maximized when the minimum prey size in the community was intermediate, but as prey diversity increased, the minimum body size could take a broader range of values. This last result occurs because of Jensen's inequality: the average handling time for multiple prey of different sizes is higher than the handling time of the average sized prey. Our results demonstrate that prey diversity mediates how differences between predators and prey in body mass determine food web stability.
|
['Animals', 'Body Size', 'Coleoptera', 'Diptera', 'Food Chain', 'Insecta', 'Models, Biological', 'Odonata', 'Oligochaeta', 'Predatory Behavior']
| 31,064,301
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.750.750'], ['B01.050.500.091.657'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A two-stage approach to the joint analysis of longitudinal and survival data utilising the Coxian phase-type distribution.
|
The Coxian phase-type distribution is a special type of Markov model which can be utilised both to uncover underlying stages of a survival process and to make inferences regarding the rates of flow of individuals through these latent stages before an event of interest occurs. Such models can be utilised, for example, to identify individuals who are likely to deteriorate faster through a series of disease states and thus require more aggressive medical intervention. Within this paper, a two-stage approach to the analysis of longitudinal and survival data is presented. In Stage 1, a linear mixed effects model is first used to represent how some longitudinal response of interest changes through time. Within this linear mixed effects model, the individuals' random effects can be considered as a proxy measure for the effect of the individuals' genetic profiles on the response of interest. In Stage 2, the Coxian phase-type distribution is employed to represent the survival process. The individuals' random effects, estimated in Stage 1, are incorporated as covariates within the Coxian phase-type distribution so as to evaluate their effect on the individuals' rates of flow through the system represented by the Coxian. The approach is illustrated using data collected on individuals suffering from chronic kidney disease, where focus is given to an emerging longitudinal biomarker of interest - an individual's haemoglobin level.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Linear Models', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Markov Chains', 'Survival Analysis']
| 28,633,604
|
[['D23.101'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Elevated cerebrospinal fluid level of ciliary neurotrophic factor in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
|
We investigated the concentrations of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from children with inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. We studied 6 children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), 14 with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy, 17 with bacterial meningitis, and 24 with aseptic meningitis. We found that CNTF was undetectable in the CSF of all children with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy during the acute and convalescent stages, those with aseptic meningitis, and the 25 control subjects. In children with ADEM, CNTF was undetectable during the acute stage, but its concentration was elevated in all six at the convalescent stage. In children with bacterial meningitis, the CNTF concentration was slightly elevated in two of the 17 during the acute stage and another two at the convalescent stage. Our results suggest that CNTF is part of the regulatory system for oligodendrocyte functions, such as remyelination, in ADEM.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Encephalitis', 'Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meningitis, Aseptic', 'Meningitis, Bacterial']
| 10,980,311
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C10.228.140.430'], ['C10.114.375.225', 'C10.228.140.695.562.225', 'C10.314.350.225', 'C20.111.258.250.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.614.220'], ['C01.150.252.223.500', 'C01.207.180.500', 'C10.228.228.180.500', 'C10.228.614.280']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The cooperative effect of p53 and Rb in local nanotherapy in a rabbit VX2 model of hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND/AIM: A local nanotherapy (LNT) combining the therapeutic efficacy of trans-arterial embolization, nanoparticles, and p53 gene therapy has been previously presented. The study presented here aimed to further improve the incomplete tumor eradication and limited survival enhancement and to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the LNT.METHODS: In a tumor-targeting manner, recombinant expressing plasmids harboring wild-type p53 and Rb were either co-transferred or transferred separately to rabbit hepatic VX2 tumors in a poly-L-lysine-modified hydroxyapatite nanoparticle nanoplex and Lipiodol® (Guerbet, Villepinte, France) emulsion via the hepatic artery. Subsequent co-expression of p53 and Rb proteins within the treated tumors was investigated by Western blotting and in situ analysis by laser-scanning confocal microscopy. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by the tumor growth velocity, apoptosis and necrosis rates, their sensitivity to Adriamycin® (ADM), mitomycin C, and fluorouracil, the microvessel density of tumor tissue, and the survival time of animals. Eventually, real-time polymerase chain reaction and enhanced chemiluminescence Western blotting were used to investigate the expressive changes of important genes related to the therapy.RESULTS: The administration procedure proved safe for the rabbits' liver function, the p53 plus Rb LNT showed significantly better antitumoral effect and lower expression of malignant genes than the p53 or Rb LNT, although no significant difference was observed in animal survival when the p53 plus Rb LNT was compared with the p53 LNT.CONCLUSION: Rb works synergistically with p53 in combined therapy mediated by a poly-L-lysine-modified hydroxyapatite nanoparticle nanoplex to augment the antitumoral effect through the downregulated expression of important genes related to apoptosis, necrosis, growth, differentiation and multidrug resistance of tumor cells. LNT with p53 and Rb is potentially an effective antitumor therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
['Animals', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'DNA', 'Female', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Male', 'Nanocapsules', 'Rabbits', 'Retinoblastoma Protein', 'Transfection', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 24,124,364
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['D26.255.260.575', 'E02.319.300.380.575', 'J01.637.512.600.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.260.704', 'D12.776.624.776.745', 'D12.776.660.807', 'D12.776.744.770'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibition of EGFR-AKT axis results in the suppression of ovarian tumors in vitro and in preclinical mouse model.
|
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths in women. Genetic alterations including overexpression of EGFR play a crucial role in ovarian carcinogenesis. Here we evaluated the effect of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) in ovarian tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Oral administration of 12 µmol PEITC resulted in drastically suppressing ovarian tumor growth in a preclinical mouse model. Our in vitro studies demonstrated that PEITC suppress the growth of SKOV-3, OVCAR-3 and TOV-21G human ovarian cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Growth inhibitory effects of PEITC were mediated by inhibition of EGFR and AKT, which are known to be overexpressed in ovarian tumors. PEITC treatment caused significant down regulation of constitutive protein levels as well as phosphorylation of EGFR at Tyr1068 in various ovarian cancer cells. In addition, PEITC treatment drastically reduced the phosphorylation of AKT which is downstream to EGFR and disrupted mTOR signaling. PEITC treatment also inhibited the kinase activity of AKT as observed by the down regulation of p-GSK in OVCAR-3 and TOV-21G cells. AKT overexpression or TGF treatment blocked PEITC induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. These results suggest that PEITC targets EGFR/AKT pathway in our model. In conclusion, our study suggests that PEITC could be used alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents to treat ovarian cancer.
|
['Animals', 'Annexin A5', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isothiocyanates', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Rhodamines']
| 22,952,709
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.125.050.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.500.375', 'D02.886.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.624'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D03.633.300.953.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recombinant truncated AniA of pathogenic Neisseria elicits a non-native immune response and functional blocking antibodies.
|
AniA of the pathogenic Neisseria is glycosylated in its C-terminal repeat region by the pilin glycosylation (pgl) pathway. AniA appears to be unique among bacterial nitrite reductases as it contains an N-terminal extension that includes a lipid modification site as well as a C-terminal extension that is glycosylated. Immunising with various glycoforms of the AniA protein demonstrated a strong humoral immune response to the basal monosaccharide. In addition, when animals were immunised with a truncated form of AniA, completely lacking the glycosylated C-terminal region, the antibody response was directed against AniA regardless of the glycosylation state of the protein. Immuno-SEM confirmed that AniA is expressed on the cell surface in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antisera generated against a truncated, non-glycosylated, recombinant form of the AniA protein are capable of blocking nitrite reductase function in a whole cell assay. We propose that recombinant modified AniA has potential as a vaccine antigen for N. gonorrhoeae.
|
['Antibodies, Blocking', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins', 'Bacterial Vaccines', 'Glycosylation', 'Neisseria gonorrhoeae', 'Nitrite Reductases', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 23,313,483
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.143', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.143', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.143'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097.120', 'D12.776.543.100'], ['D20.215.894.135'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.474', 'B03.660.075.525.520.400'], ['D08.811.682.655.750'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Long-Term Efficacy of a Galactagogue Containing Sylimarin-Phosphatidylserine and Galega on Milk Production of Mothers of Preterm Infants.
|
AIMS: To investigate the efficacy of a galactagogue, containing Sylimarin-phosphatidylserine (SILITIDIL) and galega consumed in the first month after delivery by mothers of preterm infants, in maintaining milk production during the first 3-6 months after delivery.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mothers of infants born at gestational age (GA) between 27 and 32 weeks, enrolled in our previous prospective, double-blind, randomized trial and randomly allocated to receive either the galactagogue (GG) or a placebo (PG), were asked about their milk production at 3 and 6 months after delivery.RESULTS: Of the 100 mothers involved in this study, 45 of GG and 44 of PG responded comprehensively to the questions asked. At the third month after delivery, exclusive human milk administration was reported by 22 mothers of GG and 12 mothers of PG (p < 0.05), whereas 29 mothers of GG and 18 mothers of PG were able to administer >50% of the amount of milk assumed. At the sixth month of life, only eight infants received exclusive human milk (six and two of GG and PG, respectively), and the data are not sufficient for a meaningful clinical evaluation.CONCLUSIONS: It is assumed that a galactagogue during the first month after delivery improves human milk administration to preterm neonates after discharge and for the first 3 months of life.
|
['Breast Feeding', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Galactogogues', 'Galega', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Italy', 'Lactation', 'Milk, Human', 'Phosphatidylserines', 'Prospective Studies', 'Silymarin', 'Time Factors']
| 29,148,822
|
[['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D27.505.696.365'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.250'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['A12.200.467', 'A12.790.500', 'G07.203.100.700.500', 'G07.203.300.350.525.500', 'J02.200.700.500', 'J02.500.350.525.500'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.971'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.268.777', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.268.777'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Development and evaluation of a latex agglutination test for the rapid serodiagnosis of tularemia.
|
A latex agglutination test (LAT) was developed for a rapid detection of antibodies against Francisella tularensis. The assay is performed by mixing serum with antigen-coated latex beads and read within 5 min. Developed LAT has been proved to be a specific, sensitive, fast, easy-to-perform and cost-efficient tool for the routine diagnosis of tularemia.
|
['Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Francisella tularensis', 'Humans', 'Latex Fixation Tests', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Serologic Tests', 'Tularemia']
| 25,727,796
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['N03.219.151'], ['B03.440.400.425.340.590', 'B03.660.250.200.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.450', 'E05.200.812.735.050.450', 'E05.478.594.760.050.450'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.225.812.735', 'E05.200.812.735', 'E05.478.594.760'], ['C01.150.252.400.900', 'C01.920.930.943']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[An enzootic with pseudo-tumoral manifestations in Vipera lebetina in captivity].
|
The authors report the clinical and epizootic evolution of an epizooty, characterized by pseudo-tumours, observed on some vipers (Vipera lebetina) maintained in captivity at the "institut Pasteur de Tunis". The disease was characterized by 2.3 cm size nodules, scattered under the skin or into splanchnic cavities. These ones, spherical and well capsuled, were formed by a mass of clear rounded cells (histiocytes or monocytes), the necrotic central area of which contained innumerable bacteria. Several reviewed works show that this appearance of chronic abcess is a common and univocal reaction to various pathogenic factors, such as bacteria and parasites. As to etiology, the authors have doubt about the pathological role of the germs which they have identified (Salmonella and other anterobacteria) because these latter belong to the normal microbial flora of snakes and are, in the present case, probably occasional infective agents only.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Fibroma', 'Infections', 'Male', 'Snakes']
| 747,451
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.340'], ['C01'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An exploratory retrospective evaluation of ropinirole-associated psychotic symptoms in an outpatient population treated for restless legs syndrome or Parkinson's disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Traditional treatment approaches for the management of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and Parkinson's disease (PD) include the use of medications that either directly or indirectly increase dopamine levels. In turn, a potential adverse event that could be expected is the development or exacerbation of psychiatric-related symptoms.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and describe the incidence of psychosis and associated behavioral features in patients taking ropinirole for RLS or PD.METHODS: Patients were identified from a computerized database search of outpatients being treated with ropinirole for 1 of 2 medical conditions: PD or RLS. Data were collected in a retrospective manner from 95 patients who were tracked over the course of their therapy to determine whether psychosis or associated behavioral symptoms developed as a result and whether an intervention was needed to adjust ropinirole dosing or if additional medications had to be added to control features associated with psychosis.RESULTS: A total of 284 patients being treated for RLS or PD were identified; of this group, 95 patients were identified as being treated for PD or RLS with ropinirole. Of the 95 patients being treated with ropinirole, 13 developed psychotic features that required therapeutic intervention with either the use of an antipsychotic or dose adjustment of ropinirole. PD patients included in this study were numerically more likely to develop psychotic features compared with RLS patients; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.122). The results do suggest that this risk is increased when ropinirole is used as part of a dual therapy approach with dopamine agonists in the treatment of either PD or RLS (p = 0.003).DISCUSSION: Dopamine agonists have long been used as preferred treatment in the management of PD and RLS. When treating either PD or RLS in the psychiatric population, the concern arises that increased activity at dopamine receptors may induce or exacerbate psychiatric features. A potential clinical concern with the use of ropinirole is the potential for patients to develop psychiatric features, although there are few data available to demonstrate whether stimulation of targeted individual dopamine receptors is linked to the development or exacerbation of psychotic features. It is also undetermined whether concurrent antipsychotic treatment provides any protective benefit against psychosis, especially in patients already being treated for psychotic symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that ropinirole may play a role in inducing or exacerbating psychosis and its associated features, although a number of confounding variables prevent the determination of a clear association and suggest that further investigation is warranted in controlled clinical trials.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Databases, Factual', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outpatients', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Psychoses, Substance-Induced', 'Restless Legs Syndrome', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 19,690,226
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.643.630'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['C25.723.809', 'C25.775.746', 'F03.700.675.600', 'F03.900.746'], ['C10.803', 'C10.886.425.800.700', 'C10.886.659.634', 'F03.870.400.800.700', 'F03.870.664.634'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phytochrome A enhances the promotion of hypocotyl growth caused by reductions in levels of phytochrome B in its far-red-light-absorbing form in light-grown Arabidopsis thaliana.
|
We sought to determine if phytochrome B (phyB)-mediated responses to the red light (R)/far-red light (FR) ratio are affected by phytochrome A (phyA) activity in light-grown seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. Pulses of FR delayed into the dark period were less effective than end-of-day (EOD) FR in promoting hypocotyl growth over a given period in darkness. White light minus blue light interposed instead of darkness between the end of the white-light photoperiod and the FR pulse was sufficient to maintain responsivity to the decrease in phyB in FR-light-absorbing form in wild-type (WT) seedlings, but not in the phyA mutant. Compared with EOD R, hourly R+FR pulses provided throughout the night caused a stronger promotion of stem growth than a single EOD R+FR pulse in WT Arabidopsis, cucumber, mustard, sunflower, tobacco, and tomato, but not in phyA Arabidopsis or in the aurea mutant of tomato. WT seedlings of Arabidopsis responded to a range of high EOD R/FR ratios, whereas the phyA mutant required stronger reductions in the EOD R/FR ratio. In sunlight, phyA seedlings of Arabidopsis showed no response to the "early warning" signals of neighboring vegetation, and hypocotyl-growth promotion occurred at higher plant densities than in the WT. Thus, under a series of light conditions, the sensitivity or responsivity to reductions in the R/FR ratio were larger in WT than in phyA seedlings. A product of phyA is therefore proposed to enhance the hypocotyl-growth response to decreases in phyB in FR-light-absorbing form in light grown seedlings.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Cucumis sativus', 'Darkness', 'Genes, Plant', 'Hypocotyl', 'Light', 'Lighting', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Mustard Plant', 'Photoreceptor Cells', 'Phytochrome', 'Phytochrome A', 'Phytochrome B', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Plants, Toxic', 'Tobacco', 'Transcription Factors']
| 8,938,405
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.300.188.666'], ['G01.590.540.233'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['A18.024.875.750', 'A18.024.937.249', 'A18.550.500'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['N06.230.150.410'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200.500'], ['A08.675.650.850.625', 'A08.675.650.915.937', 'A08.800.950.937', 'A09.371.729.831.625', 'A11.671.650.850.625', 'A11.671.650.915.937'], ['D12.776.765.675', 'D23.767.712'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.606', 'D12.776.765.675.249', 'D23.767.712.249'], ['D12.776.765.675.500', 'D23.767.712.500'], ['B01.650.560'], ['B01.650.660'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Practical electron dosimetry. A comparison of different types of ionization chambers].
|
Since Markus chambers are no longer recommended in the 1997 DIN 6800-2 version there are uncertainties as to the use of alternative chamber types for electron dosimetry. Therefore, we performed a comparison between different types of ionization chambers. In particular, the widespread Farmer and Roos chambers were compared with the Markus chamber for polarity effect, chamber-to-chamber variation, and deviations of the measured absorbed dose relative to the value obtained with the Roos chamber (which is regarded as an ideal Bragg-Gray-chamber). The perturbation correction factor at 60Co radiation was determined experimentally as 1,029 +/- 0.5% (Roos chamber) and 1,018 +/- 0.5% (Markus chamber) for the investigated plane-parallel chambers. In addition, we could show that the Roos chambers do not have a larger chamber-to-chamber variation than the Farmer chambers. Likewise, our results suggest that Farmer chambers could be used for electron energies above 6 MeV.
|
['Electrons', 'Protons', 'Radiometry']
| 12,001,368
|
[['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['E05.799']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Expression of cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 in gastric cancer tissues and its effects on invasion and migration of SGC-7901 cell].
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor1 (CIAPIN1) in gastric cancer and normal mucosa tissues, and to investigate its effects on migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells.METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect CIAPIN1 expression in 15 samples of normal gastric mucosa tissues, 148 samples of gastric cancer tissues (42 of non-metastasis gastric cancer tissues without other organs or lymph node metastasis, 106 of metastasis gastric cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis), and 37 samples of gastric cancer lymph node metastasis tissues. Association of CIAPIN1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer was analyzed by Chi-square test. SGC-7901 cell lines of high CIAPIN1 expression and low CIAPIN1 expression were established. Transwell assay was applied to detect the invasion and migration of CIAPIN1-regulated gastric cancer cells.RESULTS: Positive rate of CIAPIN1 expression in gastric cancer tissues was lower than that in normal gastric mucosa tissues (41.2% vs. 86.7%, P=0.0008), and in metastasis gastric cancer tissues was also lower than that in non-metastasis gastric cancer tissues (34.9% vs. 71.4%, P=0.0000). Furthermore, the positive rate of CIAPIN1 expression was closely related to the TNM staging of gastric cancer (TNM stage I(, II( and III( were 55.0%, 53.5% and 24.4%, respectively, P=0.0037). But there was no significant difference of positive expressive rate between metastatic gastric cancer tissues and metastatic lymph node tissues(34.9% vs. 21.6%, P=0.3700). Transwell assay showed that up-regulated CIAPIN1 expression would significantly reduce, while down-regulated CIAPIN1 expression would significantly promote the invasion and migration of SGC-7901 cells (all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Positive rate of CIAPIN1 expression is low in gastric cancer tissues and shows inhibition of invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Down-Regulation', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Up-Regulation']
| 26,404,695
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mismatch negativity (MMN) in multiple sclerosis: an event-related potentials study in 46 patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess pre-attentive detection mechanisms indexed by MMN component of auditory Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients.METHODS: 46 MS patients (mean age 43.7 years, mean disease duration 10.1 years, mean EDSS 4.6) and 46 matched controls were assessed with ERPs elicited by a passive oddball paradigm using duration deviants. Auditory P50, N1, P2 components were recorded. MMN and P3a components were calculated as the difference potential between deviants and standard stimuli. Eighteen of these 46 patients underwent also global psychometrical assessment and were sorted in cognitively normal and impaired patients. ERPs of these two groups of patients were compared.RESULTS: MS patients showed reduced MMN and P3a areas as compared to controls, besides exogenous N1-P2 complex amplitude reduction. Among the 18 patients investigated with neuropsychological testings, six were cognitively impaired and 12 cognitively unimpaired. Patients with a global cognitive impairment had reduced MMN as compared to cognitively unimpaired patients.CONCLUSIONS: Auditory MMN and P3a components of auditory ERPs are altered in MS patients. MMN alterations are more pronounced in cognitively impaired patients.SIGNIFICANCE: MMN and P3a areas reduction suggests that MS patients are prone to pre-attentive auditory information processing deficits, besides previously described controlled information processing difficulties. Moreover, MMN alterations may represent an objective index of cognitive disturbances in MS patients.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Contingent Negative Variation', 'Electroencephalography', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychometrics', 'Reaction Time']
| 16,325,469
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['F03.615.250'], ['G07.265.216.500.250', 'G11.561.200.500.250'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Structure and kinetics of a transient antibody binding intermediate reveal a kinetic discrimination mechanism in antigen recognition.
|
Induced fit is a predominant phenomenon in protein-ligand interactions, yet it is invariably attributed without establishing the existence, let alone the structure, of the initial, low-affinity encounter complex. We determined the crystal structure of the encounter complex on the pathway of ligand binding by IgE antibody SPE7. We show that this complex is formed by a wide range of ligands that initially bind with identical affinity. Nonspecific ligands rapidly dissociate, whereupon the antibody isomerizes to a nonbinding isomer. Specific ligand complexes, however, slowly isomerize to give a high-affinity complex. This isomerization involves backbone and side-chain rearrangements of up to 14 A and the formation of specific hydrogen bonds. The postbinding conformational switch, combined with the prebinding isomerization to an energetically favorable nonbinding isomer, results in a "kinetic discrimination" mechanism that mediates selective binding, by a factor of >10(3), between highly related ligands that initially bind with the same affinity. This model may apply to proteins that bind multiple ligands in a specific manner or other proteins that, although capable of binding many ligands, are activated by only a few.
|
['Anthracenes', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Antigens', 'Binding Sites', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Isomerism', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Quaternary']
| 16,129,832
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.117', 'D04.615.117'], ['G12.100'], ['D23.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.282'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.550']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of PS1 1/2, ACE I/D, and LRP C/T polymorphisms with Alzheimer's disease in the Chinese population: a meta-analysis of case-control studies.
|
The objective of this study was to assess the associations of presenilin 1 (PS1) 1/2, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D), and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) C/T polymorphisms with the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Chinese population. PS1 1/2, ACE I/D, and LRP C/T, which are commonly investigated polymorphisms, were evaluated to obtain summary estimates regarding their associations with AD. In total, the data from 24 studies (2611 patients with AD and 2822 control subjects from 23 provinces and special districts in China) that were obtained from the Chinese Biomedicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, PubMed, and Medline were included. Different models (i.e., dominant, recessive, etc.) of these polymorphisms were analyzed using the Cochrane Review Manager. Statistically significant associations among patients with AD for the 1/1 genotype of the PS1 1/2 polymorphism [odds ratio (OR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-3.04; P = 0.04] and the I/I genotype of the ACE I/D polymorphism (OR = 2.44, 95%CI = 1.78-3.35; P < 0.01) were identified. Statistically significant associations were also found for the PS1 1/2 polymorphism in both the dominant and recessive genetic models, whereas no association was found for the LRP C/T polymorphism. All studies exhibited heterogeneity (P < 0.05). This meta-analysis suggests that the 1/1 genotype of the PS1 1/2 polymorphism and the I/I genotype of the ACE I/D polymorphism are significantly associated with an increased risk of AD in the Chinese population.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alleles', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'China', 'Female', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'INDEL Mutation', 'Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1', 'Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Presenilin-1']
| 25,730,041
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.500', 'G05.558.370'], ['D12.776.526.100', 'D12.776.543.750.710.450.500.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350.687'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D12.776.543.696.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Endurance testing for evaluation of antianginal therapy with amlodipine, a calcium channel blocking agent.
|
The utility of using an endurance test as well as a maximal exercise test to assess the effect of amlodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, was evaluated in 16 patients with angina pectoris. Amlodipine, 10 mg/day, was compared with placebo in a double blind crossover study. After a 2 week single blind placebo period, patients entered a double blind crossover phase alternating between 4 weeks of placebo and 4 weeks of amlodipine. The two 4 week periods were separated by a 1 week single blind placebo washout period. The efficacy of drug therapy was assessed by frequency of angina, nitroglycerin consumption, peak oxygen consumption during a maximal treadmill exercise test and endurance time during a separate exercise test performed at 70% of the peak work capacity determined before randomization. There was a reduction in angina frequency during the double blind placebo and amlodipine studies (single blind placebo 14 +/- 2 episodes/2 weeks, double blind placebo 7 +/- 2 episodes/2 weeks [p less than 0.005], amlodipine 6 +/- 3 episodes/2 weeks, [p less than 0.005]), whereas nitroglycerin consumption was reduced with amlodipine (single blind placebo 12 +/- 4 tablets/2 weeks, double blind placebo 8 +/- 3 tablets/2 weeks, amlodipine 5 +/- 3 tablets/2 weeks [p less than 0.01]). Amlodipine produced a significant increase in peak oxygen consumption (single blind placebo 18.7 +/- 1.1 ml/kg per min, double blind placebo 18.2 +/- 1.8 ml/kg per min, amlodipine 20.4 +/- 1.6 ml/kg per min [p less than 0.05]) and endurance time (single blind placebo 15.2 +/- 1.5 min, double blind placebo 15.8 +/- 2.1 min, amlodipine 20.2 +/- 2.5 min [p less than 0.005]).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Aged', 'Amlodipine', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nifedipine', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Physical Endurance']
| 2,969,930
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.383.725.203.065'], ['C14.280.647.187', 'C14.907.585.187', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.725.203.540'], ['G03.680'], ['G11.427.680', 'I03.450.642.845.054.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pilocarpine-induced seizures cause selective time-dependent changes to adult-generated hippocampal dentate granule cells.
|
Aberrantly interconnected granule cells are characteristic of temporal lobe epilepsy. By reducing network stability, these abnormal neurons may contribute directly to disease development. Only subsets of granule cells, however, exhibit abnormalities. Why this is the case is not known. Ongoing neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus may provide an explanation. Newly generated granule cells may be uniquely vulnerable to environmental disruptions relative to their mature neighbors. Here, we determine whether there is a critical period after neuronal birth during which neuronal integration can be disrupted by an epileptogenic insult. By bromodeoxyuridine birthdating cells in green fluorescent protein-expressing transgenic mice, we were able to noninvasively label granule cells born 8 weeks before (mature), 1 week before (immature), or 3 weeks after (newborn) pilocarpine-epileptogenesis. Neuronal morphology was examined 4 and 8 weeks after pilocarpine treatment. Strikingly, almost 50% of immature granule cells exposed to pilocarpine-epileptogenesis exhibited aberrant hilar basal dendrites. In contrast, only 9% of mature granule cells exposed to the identical insult possessed basal dendrites. Moreover, newborn cells were even more severely impacted than immature cells, with 40% exhibiting basal dendrites and an additional 20% exhibiting migration defects. In comparison, <5% of neurons from normal animals exhibited either abnormality, regardless of age. Together, these data demonstrate the existence of a critical period after the birth of adult-generated neurons during which they are vulnerable to being recruited into epileptogenic neuronal circuits. Pathological brain states therefore may pose a significant hurdle for the appropriate integration of newly born endogenous, and exogenous, neurons.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Movement', 'Cellular Senescence', 'Dendrites', 'Dentate Gyrus', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal', 'Neurons', 'Pilocarpine', 'Status Epilepticus', 'Time Factors']
| 17,626,215
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['G04.146'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.043'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['A08.186.211.180.405.200', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345.200'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A08.186.211.180.405.200.500', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345.200.500', 'A08.675.542.145.750.500', 'A08.850.700.500', 'A11.671.137.560', 'A11.671.501.145.750.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D03.132.672'], ['C10.597.742.785', 'C23.888.592.742.785'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in females with virilized genitalia: the problem of delayed diagnosis.
|
Six girls with the non-salt-losing form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia are described. Diagnosis was delayed in five, the range of ages of diagnosis being 19 months-7 years. In the sixth, despite early diagnosis and medical treatment, surgery was delayed electively until she was 3 years old. The five in whom diagnosis was delayed were all virilized with a markedly advanced bone age and reduced adult height prognosis. Diagnosis was delayed for a variety of reasons: misinterpretation of laboratory data (one), lack of availability of medical assistance (one), language problems (one), maternal inexperience (one), and failure of the doctor to recognize an obvious clinical abnormality (one). All six children came from immigrant families, and all except one was born in a major centre. None was born before 1979.
|
['Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital', 'Biomarkers', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Genitalia, Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Steroid Hydroxylases', 'Virilism']
| 3,265,322
|
[['C12.706.316.090.500', 'C13.351.875.253.090.500', 'C16.131.939.316.129.500', 'C16.320.033', 'C16.320.565.925.249', 'C18.452.648.925.249', 'C19.053.440', 'C19.391.119.090.500'], ['D23.101'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A05.360.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D08.244.453.915', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.915', 'D12.776.422.220.453.915'], ['C23.888.971']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Expression specificity of hpt gene in sck transgenic rice].
|
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the expression specificity of hpt gene in different developmental stages of sck transgenic rice.METHODS: The different tissues, including leaves, culms, roots and seeds (ripening stage), in different developmental stages of sck transgenic rice were detected by PCR. The positive plants and the control plants were detected by Northern blot analysis and double sandwich ELISA test.RESULTS: The hpt gene expression was found at transcription level and translation level in different tissues of sck transgenic rice. HPT protein in the seeds could not be detected.CONCLUSION: The hpt gene in different developmental stages of sck transgenic rice express stably at transcription level and translation level and HPT protein in the seeds could not be detected.
|
['Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Genetic Markers', 'Oryza', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Seeds']
| 16,229,277
|
[['G05.308.375'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['D08.811.913.696.620'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of eating-pattern messages to evaluate changes in eating behaviors in a worksite cholesterol education program.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether eating-pattern messages can effectively be used in a worksite cholesterol education program to change eating behaviors.SUBJECTS: 91 randomly selected participants with initial serum cholesterol levels of 5.2 mmol/L attended the program.INTERVENTION: Eating-pattern messages were the focus of a successful 8-week worksite cholesterol education program conducted with city employees of Phoenix, Ariz. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires before and after the intervention that asked them to compare their current eating patterns with those addressed in the program. The majority (n = 84) of the participants attended five or more of eight available sessions, led by registered dietitians, which focused on the skills needed to decrease dietary fat.STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Parametric and nonparametric statistical tests were used to evaluate the direction and magnitude of changes in eating patterns.RESULTS: Participants made statistically significant changes in 11 of 15 eating patterns linked to messages delivered during the intervention. Changes in eating behaviors were related to improvements in blood lipid profiles. Results from a multiple regression analysis indicated that intervention-related changes in total cholesterol were significantly associated with combined eating-pattern message scores, and total cholesterol decreased 0.33 mmol/L for each unit decrease in the combined eating-pattern message score.APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that eating-pattern messages can be used successfully to evaluate changes in fat-related eating behaviors.
|
['Arizona', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, Dietary', 'Dietary Fats', 'Dietary Services', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Health Education', 'Humans', 'Nutritional Sciences', 'Occupational Health Services', 'Regression Analysis', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 8,409,132
|
[['Z01.107.567.875.760.100'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.225', 'D10.212.302.347', 'D10.570.938.208.222'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['N02.421.242'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.533'], ['N02.421.143.740'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[New trends in extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy].
|
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has become an established and successful treatment modality for urinary and biliary calculi. However, shock wave technology and corresponding device designs are still at an innovative stage. Three trends are discussed in this paper. In shock wave technology the electromagnetic principle seems to win the race. The demands for successful and tissue-protective stone disintegration require shockwave sources with high dynamic range and optimised focal geometry. Electromagnetic shock wave generators meet all these requirements. For stone localisation an isocentric X-ray targeting system combined with integrated shock wave application is accepted as the "gold standard". In ultrasound localisation in-line targeting is superior to out-of-line targeting.
|
['Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Lithotripsy']
| 1,571,373
|
[['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.600', 'E04.943.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Functional kaolin supported nanoscale zero-valent iron as a Fenton-like catalyst for the degradation of Direct Black G.
|
Kaolin supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (K-nZVI) is synthesized and applied as the Fenton-like oxidation catalyst to degrade a model azo dye, Direct Black G (DBG). The characterization of K-nZVI by the high resolution transmission electronmicroscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Diffraction Spectrum (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) show that kaolin as a support material not only reduces the aggregation of zero-valent iron (nZVI) but also facilitates the Fenton-like oxidation by increasing the local concentration of DBG in the vicinity of nZVI. Pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic models are employed to reveal the adsorption and degradation of the DBG using K-nZVI as the catalyst. A better fit with pseudo second-order model for the adsorption process and equal excellent fits with pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order models for the degradation process are observed; the adsorption process is found to be the rate limiting step for overall reactions. The adsorption, evaluated by isotherms and thermodynamic parameters is a spontaneous and endothermic process. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was used to test degraded products in the degradation of DGB by K-nZVI. A removal mechanism based on the adsorption and degradation is proposed, including (i) prompt adsorption of DBG onto the K-nZVI surface, and (ii) oxidation of DBG by hydroxyl radicals at the K-nZVI surface. The application of K-nZVI to treat real wastewater containing azo dyes shows excellent degradation efficiency.
|
['Adsorption', 'Catalysis', 'Coloring Agents', 'Iron', 'Kaolin', 'Kinetics', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Photoelectron Spectroscopy', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Waste Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 28,628,903
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['G02.130'], ['D27.720.233'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D01.056.050.075.350', 'D01.578.725.025.350', 'D01.650.550.050.075.350', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E05.196.867.618'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Lupus erythematosus latex tests compared with the immunofluorescence method for antinuclear factor.
|
Two commercially available lupus erythematosus (LE) latex tests were compared against positive antinuclear antibody (ANF) sera of known titers. The Lederle SLE Latex Test Kit was found to be more specific and relatively more sensitive, particulary with high ANF titers, than the Hyland LE Test Kit. The latex test is a rapid, simple method which, when positive, can be suggestive of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or other collagen disease. However, at present this test cannot replace the immunofluorescence method for detecting ANF. Where there is any clinical suggestion of SLE or a related condition, all negative results should be tested by immunofluorescence methods.
|
['Antibodies, Antinuclear', 'Deoxyribonucleoproteins', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Latex Fixation Tests', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 58,558
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.204', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.204', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.204'], ['D12.776.664.275'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.450', 'E05.200.812.735.050.450', 'E05.478.594.760.050.450'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Autologous blood donation and transfusion in Europe.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to record practices in autologous blood transfusion in Europe in 1997.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire mainly about predeposit was distributed to the National Representatives of all 41 member states of the Council of Europe's Committee of Experts on Blood Transfusion and Haematology. Replies were received from 29.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Autologous blood units collected in 1997 amounted to 4.2% of the allogeneic units, with wide variations between countries. Predeposit was used most frequently in Italy (8.9%), Germany (7.1%) and France (6.6%). Some countries, notably Scandinavia, do not encourage predeposit, chiefly on the grounds that it is not cost-effective, but others are promoting its use.
|
['Blood Banks', 'Blood Donors', 'Blood Preservation', 'Blood Transfusion, Autologous', 'Europe', 'Humans', 'Mass Screening', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 11,555,472
|
[['N02.278.065.200'], ['M01.898.313'], ['E02.792.833.230', 'E05.760.833.230'], ['E02.095.135.164'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Spatial distribution of light and nutrients in some coral reefs of Costa Rica during January 1997.
|
The proximity of coral reefs to areas of present and future coastal development in Costa Rica highlights the need for assessing environmental conditions important to maintaining healthy corals. In January 1997 a survey of light penetration, inorganic nutrient concentrations, temperature, and salinity was conducted in the patch reefs of Bah?a Culebra (Pacific Ocean) and on the Caribbean coast in the fringing reef at Parque Nacional Cahuita and near Lim?n. Temperature was 28 degrees C at all sites, and salinity ranged from 33 to 36 psu. Light attenuation coefficients ranged from 0.12 to 0.29 m(-1) in reef areas. Seawater nutrient concentrations were within the range of concentrations reported for tropical reef waters; combined NO3- and NO2- and PO4(3-) were each below 1 microM. NH4+ ranged from 0.2 to 7 microM, representing a significant source of nitrogen. The ratio of total dissolved inorganic nitrogen to phosphate averaged 27 for all reef waters. The high nitrate (3.6 microM) and light attenuation (0.95 m(-1)) values from the surface waters of the La Estrella plume (Caribbean coast) show that this river represents a significant source of nitrogen and light attenuation for the neighboring reefs at Cahuita. This survey provides a useful baseline for future studies, which should monitor these important coastal coral reef areas during both wet and dry seasons.
|
['Animals', 'Anthozoa', 'Costa Rica', 'Light', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Seawater', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Temperature']
| 15,264,539
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.308.237'], ['Z01.107.169.238'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D02'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Possibilities and limits of reconstructive surgery of the recurrent laryngeal nerve].
|
The authors report on possibilities and borderlines of reconstructive microsurgery of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. When paralysis of the vocal cord is proved after thyreoidectomy exploration and control of the nerve should be done immediately. This must be done as fast as possible, latest at the 7th day after thyreoidectomy. If there is found nerve injury caused by intraneural hematoma or compressing sutures microneurosurgical neurolysis and decompression can be done very successful. 8 of 10 neurolysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve reported by the authors were successful. Because of consecutive autoparalysis nerve suture is possible but not effective.
|
['Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Microsurgery', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve', 'Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries', 'Reoperation', 'Suture Techniques', 'Thyroidectomy', 'Vocal Cord Paralysis']
| 1,543,520
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.494', 'E05.591.580'], ['C23.550.767'], ['A08.800.050.050.925.450.700', 'A08.800.050.600.825.450.700', 'A08.800.800.060.920.450.700', 'A08.800.800.120.900.450.700'], ['C08.360.424.500', 'C09.400.424.500', 'C10.292.200.937.750.500', 'C10.900.300.218.887.750.500', 'C26.915.300.400.912.750.500'], ['E04.690'], ['E04.987.775'], ['E04.270.856'], ['C08.360.931', 'C09.400.931', 'C10.292.887.800', 'C10.597.622.943', 'C23.888.592.636.943']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Long-term suppression of telomerase expression in HeLa cell clones, transfected with an expression vector carrying siRNA targeting hTERT mRNA.
|
HeLa cell cultures were used as model systems for small interfering RNA (siRNA) induced knockdown of mRNA expression of the human telomerase catalytic subunit, telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Four 21-bp siRNAs targeting different sites of the hTERT mRNA were designed, and the siRNA molecules produced by a T7 transcription system in vitro. In transient transfection assays on HeLa cells, only one of the tested siRNAs produced a potent knockdown effect on hTERT mRNA expression, associated with the suppression of telomerase activity (both reduced by approximately 50%). An expression vector encoding a hairpin siRNA against the effective hTERT mRNA target site was generated, and HeLa clones stably expressing hTERT-specific siRNA were created. Two clones showed extremely reduced hTERT mRNA expression, associated with unusually short telomeres, the inhibition of cell growth and the induction of senescence and apoptosis. Thus, there was obvious loss of viability in cells lacking hTERT expression and carrying short telomeres. This was most prominent in the clone that showed prolonged reductions (over two months) in both hTERT expression and telomerase activity. Thus, our data clearly show that long-term suppression of telomerase expression by siRNA is an attainable goal, at least in a HeLa cell model system.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Shape', 'Clone Cells', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genetic Vectors', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Telomerase', 'Telomere', 'Time Factors', 'Transfection', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 16,773,210
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.320'], ['A11.251.353'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.337'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.750', 'D12.776.157.687.613', 'D12.776.157.725.500.921', 'D12.776.660.720.613', 'D12.776.664.962.500.921'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term observations of cardiac arrhythmias during and after cardiac surgery. I. Acquired heart disease.
|
Twelve arrhythmias that occurred during and following surgery for acquired heart disease were studied in a group of 52 randomly selected patients. In cases of aortic and mitral valve replacement, Bj?rk-Shiley prosthetic valves were used, and procain-magnesium-aspartate solution was applied for cardiac arrest. Registration and analysis of rhythm disturbances were carried out at 10 different time intervals, spaced narrowly in the intra-and early postoperative phases, then more widely up to the 96th hour of observation. Arrhythmic incidence and occurrence per case and phase are given, thereby allowing an account of transient arrhythmias as well. The peak occurrence of serious rhythm disturbance was found, intraoperatively, at about the time of aortic cross-clamping and release (ischaemic effect) with the exception of the mitral-commissurotomy group. The 1st-6th postbypass hours showed an arrhythmia trough, followed by a 2nd peak (9th-96th postoperative hour) made up of less serious arrhythmias (electrolyte- and acid-base disturbances; digitalis effects). All 12 arrhythmia types, as well as the five separately considered ventricular arrhythmias of the "first arrhythmia peak", did not reveal any significant relation to: patients' age, N.Y.H.A. criteria, pre-operative PAm or the duration of anaesthesia, surgery and bypass time.
|
['Adult', 'Aortic Valve', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Extracorporeal Circulation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Arrest, Induced', 'Heart Valve Diseases', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Time Factors']
| 1,273,557
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['E04.292.413'], ['E04.292'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.100.376.374', 'E04.928.220.360'], ['C14.280.484'], ['E07.695.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Negotiating the Space Between Openness and Rejection - Mental Health Nurses' Attitudes Towards Risk Behaviour of their Patients - A Qualitative Study].
|
Objective Personal recovery as a key concept in mental health requests that people with severe mental illness need support in taking positive risks, especially from mental health nurses as key players in this context. In German-speaking countries, studies regarding positive risk-taking seem scarce. Attitude as a concept of social psychology seems to be important to this topic, because it strongly influences the human behavior. Therefore, this study examines the attitudes of mental health nurses in outpatient settings towards their patients taking positive risks and their perception of the institutional position regarding this issue. Methods Four focus group interviews were conducted and analyzed using a descriptive content-analysis approach. Results Three main categories were identified: the concept of risk, the nurses' ambivalence and the institutions' ambivalence. Nurses seem to generally connote risk negatively. Their attitudes towards positive risks can be described as ambivalent, oscillating between openness and aversion and their institutions perceive it similarly. Conclusion Results from other studies can be confirmed. Nurses expect clear position from their institution regarding positive risk-taking and increased support. Guidelines are missing in practice.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Germany', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Hospitals, Psychiatric', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Negotiating', 'Nurse-Patient Relations', 'Outpatient Clinics, Hospital', 'Psychiatric Nursing', 'Qualitative Research', 'Rejection, Psychology', 'Risk-Taking']
| 27,618,170
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['N02.278.421.556.508'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.209.520', 'F01.829.401.520', 'F02.463.785.373.520', 'L01.143.620', 'N04.452.677.430'], ['F01.829.401.650.600', 'N05.300.660.560'], ['N02.278.035.380', 'N02.278.216.500.968.527', 'N04.452.442.452.422.527'], ['H02.478.676.710', 'N02.421.533.778'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['F01.145.813.565'], ['F01.145.722']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Functional role of inward rectifier current in heart probed by Kir2.1 overexpression and dominant-negative suppression.
|
The inward rectifier current I(K1) is tightly regulated regionally within the heart, downregulated in heart failure, and genetically suppressed in Andersen syndrome. We used in vivo viral gene transfer to dissect the role of I(K1) in cardiac repolarization and maintenance of the resting membrane potential (RMP) in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Kir2.1 overexpression boosted Ba(2+)-sensitive I(K1) by more than 100% (at -50mV), significantly shortened action potential durations (APDs), accelerated phase 3 repolarization, and hyperpolarized RMP compared with control cells (nongreen cells from the same hearts and green cells from GFP-transduced hearts). The dominant-negative Kir2.1AAA reduced I(K1) by 50-90%; those cells with less than 80% reduction of I(K1) exhibited prolonged APDs, decelerated phase 3 repolarization, and depolarization of the RMP. Further reduction of I(K1) resulted in a pacemaker phenotype, as previously described. ECGs revealed a 7.7% +/- 0.9% shortening of the heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc interval) in Kir2.1-transduced animals (n = 4) and a 16.7% +/- 1.8% prolongation of the QTc interval (n = 3) in Kir2.1AAA-transduced animals 72 hours after gene delivery compared with immediate postoperative recordings. Thus, I(K1) is essential for establishing the distinctive electrical phenotype of the ventricular myocyte: rapid terminal repolarization to a stable and polarized resting potential. Additionally, the long-QT phenotype seen in Andersen syndrome is a direct consequence of dominant-negative suppression of Kir2 channel function.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Adenoviridae', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Separation', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Myocardium', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Phenotype', 'Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying', 'Transduction, Genetic']
| 12,750,402
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B04.280.030'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.450', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.450'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Functional implications for the microtubule-associated protein tau: localization in oligodendrocytes.
|
We present evidence that the microtubule-associated protein tau is present in oligodendrocytes (OLGs), the central nervous system cells that make myelin. By showing that tau is distributed in a pattern similar to that of myelin basic protein, our results suggest a possible involvement of tau in some aspect of myelination. Tau protein has been identified in OLGs in situ and in vitro. In interfascicular OLGs, tau localization, revealed by monoclonal antibody Tau-5, was confined to the cell somata. However, in cultured ovine OLGs with an exuberant network of processes, tau was detected in cell somata, cellular processes, and membrane expansions at the tips of these processes. Moreover, in such cultures, tau appeared localized adjacent to or coincident with myelin basic protein in membrane expansions along and at the ends of the cellular processes. The presence of tau mRNA was documented using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The distribution of the tau mRNA was similar to that of the tau protein. Western blot analysis of cultured OLGs showed the presence of many tau isoforms. Together, these results demonstrate that tau is a genuine oligodendrocyte protein and pave the way for determining its functional role in these cells.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Brain', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Microscopy, Immunoelectron', 'Myelin Basic Protein', 'Oligodendroglia', 'Rats', 'Sheep', 'tau Proteins']
| 7,479,786
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.310', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.310', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.478.583.375.310'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.625', 'E05.595.402.625'], ['D12.776.543.620.540', 'D12.776.631.580.510'], ['A08.637.600', 'A11.650.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['D12.776.220.600.450.510', 'D12.776.631.560.510']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mapping of the antibody-binding regions on the HN-domain (residues 449-859) of botulinum neurotoxin A with antitoxin antibodies from four host species. Full profile of the continuous antigenic regions of the H-chain of botulinum neurotoxin A.
|
Previously, we mapped the antibody (Ab) and T-cell recognition regions on the HC domain (residues 855-1296) of the 848-residue heavy (H) chain of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A). We have mapped here the HN-domain (residues 449-859) regions that bind protective anti-BoNT/A Abs raised in four different species. We synthesized, purified, and characterized 29 19-residue peptides that spanned the entire HN and overlapped consecutively by 5 residues, and also region L218-231 around the L-chain's substrate-binding site. Human, horse, mouse, and chicken anti-BoNT/A Abs did not bind to the L-peptide but recognized similar HN regions within peptides 519-537/533-551/547-565/561-579 (with slight left- or right-shifts), 743-761, 785-803, and 813-831/827-845 overlap. Recognition of other peptides that bound lower Ab levels showed similarities and also some differences. Peptide 463-481, strongly immunodominant with horse antisera, did not bind human, mouse, and chicken Abs. However, peptide 449-467 bound Abs in these three antisera, and the region may have shifted to the right (peptide 463-481) with horse Abs. The overlap 659-677/673-691 reacted strongly with human Abs whereas with mouse and chicken antisera, only peptide 673-691 showed low reactivity. Horse antisera had no detectable Ab binding to region(s) 659-691. The Ab-recognition regions on the H chain occupy surface locations in BoNT/A three-dimensional structure, but the great part of the surface is not immunogenic. Regions recognized by the protective antisera of the four different species are prime candidates for inclusion in synthetic vaccine designs.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Bacterial Vaccines', 'Botulinum Toxins, Type A', 'Chickens', 'Clostridium botulinum', 'Epitope Mapping', 'Epitopes', 'Horses', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neuromuscular Agents', 'Peptides', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Species Specificity']
| 15,115,181
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['G12.100'], ['D20.215.894.135'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153.100', 'D12.776.097.156.100', 'D23.946.123.179.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['B03.300.390.400.200.160', 'B03.353.625.375.500.160', 'B03.510.415.400.200.160'], ['E05.478.274', 'E05.601.690.300'], ['D23.050.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D27.505.696.663.700'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Long-chain non-coding RNA MALAT1 regulates paclitaxel resistance of breast cancer cells by targeting miR-485-3p].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of long-chain non-coding RNA MALAT1 in modulating paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer cells.METHODS: Breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells were treated with gradient concentrations of paclitaxel to induce paclitaxel resistance of the cells. The resistant cells were transfected with si-NC, si-MALAT1, pcDNA, pcDNA-MALAT1, miRNC, miR-485-3p mimics, si-MALAT1+anti-miR-NC, or si-MALAT1+anti-miR-485-3p via liposomes. Following the transfections, the cells were examined for changes in IC50 of paclitaxel using MTT assay; the protein expression of P-gp, Bcl-2 and Bax were detected with Western blotting, and a dual luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the binding of MALAT1 to miR-485-3p.RESULTS: Compared with paclitaxel-sensitive SK-BR-3 cells, paclitaxel-resistant SK-BR-3 cells showed significantly increased the IC50 of paclitaxel with up-regulated MALAT1 expression and down-regulated miR-485-3p expression (P < 0.05). Silencing MALAT1 or overexpressing miR-485-3p obviously lowered the IC50 of paclitaxel and the expression of P-gp and Bcl-2 and increased the expression of Bax in SK-BR-3/PR cells (P < 0.05). miR-485-3p was identified as the target of MALAT1, and inhibiting miR-485-3p significantly reverse the effect of MALAT1 silencing on IC50 of paclitaxel and the expressions of P-gp, Bcl-2 and Bax in SK-BR-3/PR cells (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: MALAT1 can modulate paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer cells possibly by targeting miR-485-3p to down-regulate P-gp and Bcl-2 and up-regulate Bax.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Paclitaxel', 'RNA, Long Noncoding']
| 32,897,218
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D13.444.735.790.375']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ultrastructure, karyology and immunology of a cell line originated from a human transitional-cell carcinoma.
|
A cell line (J82) was derived from a poorly differentiated, invasive, transitional-cell carcinoma, Stage T3. The cells have been propagated in vitro for 5 years and showed 100% aneuploidy and a mixed epithelial-fibroblastic morphology. The majority of cells contained 2Y chromosomes and several distinctive markers. Peripheral-blood lymphocytes from the donor of the J82 cells were tested sequentially for cytotoxicity toward autologous and allogeneic tumour cells. Autologous cytotoxicity was detected against J82 cells in early in vitro passage. Allogeneic lymphocytes from some patients with transitional-cell carcinoma were also cytotoxic to J82 cells in primary culture. However, selective cytotoxicity by lymphoid cells from bladder-carcinoma patients was not detected against J82 cells in long-term tissue culture.
|
['Carcinoma, Transitional Cell', 'Cell Line', 'Chromosome Banding', 'Chromosomes', 'Culture Techniques', 'Cytoplasm', 'Cytotoxicity, Immunologic', 'Humans', 'Karyotyping', 'Lymphocytes', 'Microscopy, Electron']
| 687,519
|
[['C04.557.470.200.430'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.130', 'E01.370.225.500.620.670.130', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.130', 'E05.200.500.385.130', 'E05.200.500.620.670.130', 'E05.200.750.600.670.130', 'E05.242.385.130', 'E05.393.285.130'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['E05.481.500'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['G12.287'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Trocar guided laparoscopic feeding jejunostomy: a simple new technique.
|
PURPOSE: Several techniques of laparoscopic feeding jejunostomy have been described. Most of them require costly commercial kits. Here we present a novel, simple, low-cost method for laparoscopic jejunostomy tube placement.METHODS: This technique involves 4 ports. A left lateral "guide" trocar is used as a landmark for tube placement. A jejunal loop is selected and 4 vicryl sutures are placed in a diamond shape on the antimesenteric side of the intestine and left untied. These 4 stitches are extracted using a transabdominal suture grasper inserted through 4 small incisions around the left lateral guide trocar. After an enterotomy is made in the center of these 4 stitches using cautery device, the left lateral trocar is removed and a 12 Fr Foley catheter is inserted in the trocar site and introduced into the bowel. The 4 stitches are pulled toward the abdominal wall and gently tied without additional suturing. Eight patients who underwent this procedure between 2007 and 2009 were reviewed.RESULTS: The procedure was successful in all patients. The median operative time was 70.5 minutes. There were no postoperative complications with respect to infection, bleeding, or bowel obstruction, and no perioperative mortality.CONCLUSIONS: Our trocar-guided approach for laparoscopic feeding jejunostomy placement is a simple, cost-effective, safe, and effective method.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Enteral Nutrition', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Gastrointestinal', 'Jejunostomy', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Malnutrition', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surgical Instruments']
| 23,047,399
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.585.412', 'E05.497.412'], ['E04.210.338.523', 'E04.579.338.523'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['C18.654.521'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E07.858.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tailored education program using home floor plans for falls prevention in discharged older patients: A pilot randomized controlled trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of a tailored education program using home floor plans on falls prevention in discharged older patients.DESIGN: A single-center, parallel, pragmatic, pilot randomized controlled trial with equal allocation to the intervention and control groups.SETTING: Discharged hospital patients were followed-up in their home settings.PARTICIPANTS: All discharged orthopedic patients aged ?65 years who experienced ?1 fall(s) in the past year (n=60).INTERVENTIONS: Both groups received standard care (exercises) and the intervention group also received a tailored education program for falls prevention using home floor plans.MEASUREMENTS: Falls and near-falls at the participants' homes using a 1-month fall calendar during the 1-month period after discharge. The evaluators were blinded at the baseline assessment.RESULTS: Nine participants were withdrawn from the study, leaving 51 of 60 (85%) participants for the final analyses. No falls occurred in the intervention group (n=25) during follow-up. However, 2 participants (7.7%) fell in the control group (n=26). Near-falls were reported by 7 participants (28.0%) in the intervention group and 13 participants (50.0%) in the control group. The intervention group had 75% less near-falls compared with the control group, as assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model (hazard ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.75).CONCLUSIONS: The tailored education program using home floor plans at the hospital was effective for reducing falls and near-falls among discharged orthopedic patients. Registration of clinical trials: This study was registered with the Research Ethics Committee of University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Center (000018201).
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Patient Discharge', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Pilot Projects']
| 28,242,580
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Induction of mutation to streptomycin resistance in Micrococcus radiodurans.
|
No detectable induction of mutation to streptomycin resistance could be used in wild-type Micrococcus radiodurans and its radiation-sensitive and super-resistant mutants by ionizing or UV-radiation. N-methyl-N'-nito-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) was mutagenically active. The results suggest that repair of radiation-damaged DNA in Micrococcus radiodurans is mutation-proof.
|
['Cobalt Radioisotopes', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Micrococcus', 'Mutagens', 'Mutation', 'Nitrosoguanidines', 'Radiation Genetics', 'Streptomycin', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 1,143,295
|
[['D01.268.556.185.500.354', 'D01.268.956.155.500.354', 'D01.496.239.354', 'D01.496.749.256', 'D01.552.544.185.500.354'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['B03.510.024.850.500', 'B03.510.400.500.500'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D02.078.370.649', 'D02.654.567'], ['H01.158.273.343.800', 'N06.850.810.335'], ['D09.408.051.885'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prediction of influenza B vaccine effectiveness from sequence data.
|
Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness that causes significant human morbidity and mortality, affecting 5-15% of the population in a typical epidemic season. Human influenza epidemics are caused by types A and B, with roughly 25% of human cases due to influenza B. Influenza B is a single-stranded RNA virus with a high mutation rate, and both prior immune history and vaccination put significant pressure on the virus to evolve. Due to the high rate of viral evolution, the influenza B vaccine component of the annual influenza vaccine is updated, roughly every other year in recent years. To predict when an update to the vaccine is needed, an estimate of expected vaccine effectiveness against a range of viral strains is required. We here introduce a method to measure antigenic distance between the influenza B vaccine and circulating viral strains. The measure correlates well with effectiveness of the influenza B component of the annual vaccine in humans between 1979 and 2014. We discuss how this measure of antigenic distance may be used in the context of annual influenza vaccine design and prediction of vaccine effectiveness.
|
['Antigens, Viral', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Epitope Mapping', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Humans', 'Immunogenicity, Vaccine', 'Influenza B virus', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Influenza, Human', 'RNA, Viral', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 27,473,305
|
[['D23.050.327'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['E05.478.274', 'E05.601.690.300'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.513'], ['B04.820.480.968.407.410'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Maternal serum anti-D antibody concentration monitoring and transfusion practices in obstetrics in France: a preliminary study].
|
OBJECTIVES: In obstetrics, transfusion medicine is involved because of the risk of Rh isoimmunisation and of transfusion at delivery. In France, although these two situations have led to legal or professional recommendations, practices appear to be very different from one institution or one physician to another.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study.METHODS: A questionnaire using both direct questions and clinical cases was sent to all members of the French obstetric anaesthetists association (named CARO).RESULTS: One hundred and seventy-eight questionnaires (response rate 17.1%) were returned. Monitoring of anti-D antibody concentrations during pregnancy was performed in accordance with the legal recommendation (14/02/1992) in only 3.9% (Rh+) and 19% (Rh-) of women. Blood samples were performed either too often or too rarely in 39 to 72% of responses. At delivery, an immediate assessment of anti-D antibody concentration was required in almost 100% by the specialist on call in the blood bank while this measurement was considered necessary by only 80% of anaesthetists responding to the questionnaire. The distance between the maternity and the blood bank is greater than 14 km in 19% of responses and the largest time interval reported to obtain red cell concentrates was greater than 145 min in 18% of responses. Autologous blood transfusion is described as being used routinely in only 23% of responses.CONCLUSION: Significant failures in practice patterns and organisation of care are suggested by the responses to this questionnaire. This should stimulate a national debate to improve adequacy of practices to legal and professional recommendations and to review blood distribution to maternities in this country.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Cell Count', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Female', 'France', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Isoantibodies', 'Pregnancy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rh-Hr Blood-Group System', 'Rho(D) Immune Globulin', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 11,392,242
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107', 'E01.370.225.625.107', 'E05.200.500.195.107', 'E05.200.625.107', 'E05.242.195.107', 'G04.140.107', 'G09.188.105'], ['E02.095.135'], ['E04.520.252'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.664', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.664', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.664'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D23.050.301.290.775', 'D23.050.705.230.775'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393.700', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393.700', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393.700'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation as first-line therapy in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a meta-analysis.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT) has proven to be superior to conventional chemotherapy in patients with chemosensitive relapse of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Therefore, HDT/ASCT was evaluated as part of first-line therapy. Several trials generated conflicting results. This meta-analysis summarizes the available evidence from all suitable studies.DESIGN AND METHODS: Prospective, randomized trials with HDT/ASCT as first-line therapy of aggressive lymphoma were included in this meta-analysis. The primary outcome was overall mortality. Statistical analysis applied the odds ratio (OR) and a fixed effects model.RESULTS: Eleven trials with 2228 patients were eligible for meta-analysis. Overall mortality was comparable in the HDT/ASCT and in control arms (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.69;1.36, p=0.9), with statistically significant heterogeneity between the trials. To resolve this, we tried to identify variables that could explain this heterogeneity. Among a range of methodological, patient- or treatment-related factors, subgroups formed by the proportion of bulky disease in treated patients, the type of therapy prior to HDT/ASCT, the drop-out rate from the HDT/ASCT arm, and the presence of high or high-intermediate risk IPI showed significant benefit for any of the treatment modalities. However, such post-hoc subgroup analysis may be considerably influenced by random or systemic biases.INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the analysis of published evidence reveals very heterogeneous results and no overall survival benefit. Therefore, HDT/ASCT cannot be recommended as standard first line treatment for patients with aggressive NHL. However, the exploratory analyses presented here may help to design new trials for this treatment modality.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Prospective Studies', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Survival Analysis', 'Transplantation Conditioning', 'Transplantation, Autologous', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 14,607,760
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800'], ['E04.936.664'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Precursor B-1 B cell lymphoma in a newborn calf.
|
A newborn Holstein female calf had neoplastic lesions in the skin and within the thoracic and abdominal cavities but not in the bone marrow, spleen, thymus, or most lymph nodes. Because the tumor cells were positive for CD79a (B cell marker), CD5 (B-1 cell marker) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (marker for immature lymphoid precursors), a diagnosis of precursor B-1 B cell lymphoma was made. The diagnosis was strongly supported by the fact that B-1 cells can develop in the fetus, unlike B-2 cells, which are produced after birth. The lymphoma was distinct from the typical calf form of lymphoma of B-2 cell origin, which does not express CD5 and is characterized by generalized lymphadenopathy and involvement of the bone marrow, blood and spleen.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'B-Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell', 'Mesentery', 'Skin']
| 17,609,362
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A11.063.438.450', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.450', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.450', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562.200', 'A15.382.032.438.450', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.300', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.557.386.480.150', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.451'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Upregulation of AIOLOS induces apoptosis and enhances etoposide chemosensitivity in Jurkat leukemia cells.
|
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive neoplastic disorder of immature hematopoietic precursors committed to T-cell lineage. T-ALL accounts for ~15% of pediatric ALL cases and is prone to early relapse. With new and improved treatment protocols, the prognosis of T-ALL has improved particularly in children; however, the outcome of relapsed T-ALL cases remains poor. The AIOLOS gene is necessary to control lymphocyte differentiation and may be a potential target of T-ALL therapy. In the present study, Jurkat cells were divided into three groups: untransfected (UT) control, lentiviral vector control (Lenti-Mock) and AIOLOS-overexpressing (Lenti-AIOLOS) groups. Lenti-AIOLOS Jurkat cells were constructed by lentiviral transduction; cell cycle analysis, apoptosis and cytotoxicity assays were then performed to evaluate the effects of AIOLOS on cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and cell chemosensitivity to etoposide of Jurkat cells in vitro. Moreover, the expression levels of genes associated with apoptosis and cell cycle were investigated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that the percentage of Jurkat cells in the G0/G1 phase increased from 71.5 (UT) to 85.4% (Lenti-AIOLOS; P<0.05), yet the percentage of cells in the S-phase decreased from 15.1 (UT) to 11.6% (Lenti‑AIOLOS; P<0.05). The percentage of total apoptotic cells was significantly increased in the AIOLOS-transfected Jurkat cells (21.93%) compared with this percentage in the Lenti-Mock (13.35%) or the UT group (13.30%; P<0.05). Consistent with these results, AIOLOS overexpression induced P21 and P27 upregulation and CCND3 and SKP2 downregulation. Furthermore, AIOLOS overexpression synergistically increased the cytotoxic effects of etoposide and downregulated NF-êB expression. Our findings revealed that lentivirus-mediated AIOLOS overexpression in Jurkat cells induced cell apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, and synergistically increased the sensitivity of Jurkat cells to etoposide by inhibiting NF-êB activity.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cyclin D3', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Etoposide', 'G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Humans', 'Ikaros Transcription Factor', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Lentivirus', 'NF-kappa B', 'Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Up-Regulation']
| 25,524,659
|
[['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.300', 'D12.776.167.218.150.300', 'D12.776.476.262.150.300'], ['D12.644.360.225.500', 'D12.776.157.687.250', 'D12.776.167.187.500', 'D12.776.476.225.500', 'D12.776.624.776.355.500', 'D12.776.660.720.250'], ['D12.644.360.225.600', 'D12.776.167.187.600', 'D12.776.476.225.600', 'D12.776.624.776.355.600'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.675.250', 'D04.615.638.960.675.250', 'D09.408.348.275'], ['G04.144.109.249', 'G04.144.500.320.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.260.522.500', 'D12.776.930.375.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['B04.820.650.589'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['C04.557.337.428.600.620', 'C15.604.515.560.600.620', 'C20.683.515.528.600.620'], ['D12.776.157.743'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Growth hormone receptor inhibition decreases the growth and metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
|
Pancreatic cancer is the only major cancer with very low survival rates (1%). It is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Hyperactivated growth hormone receptor (GHR) levels have been shown to increase the risk of cancer in general and this pathway is a master regulator of key cellular functions like proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, metastasis, etc. However, to date there is no available data on how GHR promotes pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. Here, we used an RNA interference approach targeted to GHR to determine whether targeting GHR is an effective method for controlling pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis. For this, we used an in vitro model system consisting of HPAC and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells lines. GHR is upregulated in both of these cell lines and silencing GHR significantly reduced cell proliferation and viability. Inhibition of GHR also reduced the metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer cells, which was aided through decreased colony-forming ability and reduced invasiveness. Flow cytometric and western blot analyses revealed the induction of apoptosis in GHR silenced cells. GHR silencing affected phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/AKT, mitogen extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, as well as, epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Interestingly, silencing GHR also suppressed the expression of insulin receptor-â and cyclo-oxygenease-2. Altogether, GHR silencing controls the growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer and reveals its importance in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis.
|
['Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Pancreatic Ducts', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Receptors, Somatotropin', 'Transfection']
| 25,301,264
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.232.750', 'C04.557.470.615.132.750', 'C04.588.274.761.750', 'C04.588.322.475.750', 'C06.301.761.750', 'C06.689.667.625', 'C19.344.421.750'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['A03.734.667'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.776.543.750.750.555.770', 'D12.776.543.750.750.660.750'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Possible association of psoriasis and reduced bone mineral density due to increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 concentrations.
|
Psoriasis is a chronic erythematosquamous disease affecting about 2-3% of the population. It is generally considered to be a T cell-mediated disorder. Psoriasis is characterized by Th1-type cytokine pattern with the predominant secretion of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Such cytokine pattern is sufficient in inducing keratinocyte hyperproliferation, a hallmark of psoriasis. It seems that development of psoriatic lesions is mediated by TNF-alpha and proliferation of local T cells is dependent on local TNF-alpha production. IL-6 enhances activation, proliferation and chemotaxis of T cells into psoriatic lesions. It is also a direct keratinocyte mitogen that could directly stimulate keratinocyte proliferation. Data of possible association between psoriasis and reduced bone mineral density (BMD) are limited and therefore, not fully conclusive. The major limitation of two studies reported so far was small sample size. Based on increased concentrations of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in psoriasis we hypothesized that these patients are more prone to osteoporosis than healthy subjects. TNF-alpha enhances bone resorption via stimulating osteoclast development and activity as well as bone formation. On the other hand, IL-6 is also a potent stimulator of bone resorption. Moreover, increased production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 has been found in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Several lines of evidence support our hypothesis; higher value of IL-6 was recorded in children with idiopathic osteoporosis than in healthy controls; TNF-alpha knock-out mice do not lose bone after ovariectomy; polymorphism of TNFRSF1B gene which encodes 75 Kd TNF receptor is associated with BMD; treatment with anti-TNF-alpha antibody exert beneficial effect on bone metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and finally, raloxifene inhibit osteoclast activity by reducing TNF-alpha and IL-6 synthesis. However, our hypothesis raised number of questions. Are increased serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and IL-6 mirrored by increased concentrations of these cytokines on the local level? Furthermore, could other cytokines relevant in the pathogenesis of the psoriasis, first of all IFN-gamma, modulate the risk of osteoporosis? Thus, a large prospective, case-control study with the data on BMD, biochemical parameters of bone turnover and fractures have to be done to test our hypothesis.
|
['Bone Density', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Models, Biological', 'Psoriasis', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 16,844,318
|
[['G11.427.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recommendations for mass spectrometry data quality metrics for open access data (corollary to the Amsterdam principles).
|
Policies supporting the rapid and open sharing of proteomic data are being implemented by the leading journals in the field. The proteomics community is taking steps to ensure that data are made publicly accessible and are of high quality, a challenging task that requires the development and deployment of methods for measuring and documenting data quality metrics. On September 18, 2010, the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) convened the "International Workshop on Proteomic Data Quality Metrics" in Sydney, Australia, to identify and address issues facing the development and use of such methods for open access proteomics data. The stakeholders at the workshop enumerated the key principles underlying a framework for data quality assessment in mass spectrometry data that will meet the needs of the research community, journals, funding agencies, and data repositories. Attendees discussed and agreed upon two primary needs for the wide use of quality metrics: (i) an evolving list of comprehensive quality metrics and (ii) standards accompanied by software analytics. Attendees stressed the importance of increased education and training programs to promote reliable protocols in proteomics. This workshop report explores the historic precedents, key discussions, and necessary next steps to enhance the quality of open access data. By agreement, this article is published simultaneously in Proteomics, Proteomics Clinical Applications, Journal of Proteome Research, and Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, as a public service to the research community. The peer review process was a coordinated effort conducted by a panel of referees selected by the journals.
|
['Access to Information', 'Benchmarking', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Proteomics', 'Research Design']
| 22,069,307
|
[['I01.880.604.473.352.500.030', 'L01.143.024', 'L01.737.030'], ['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['E05.196.566'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Health care expenditures among working-age adults with physical disabilities: variations by disability spans.
|
BACKGROUND: Data on health care costs for working-age adults with physical disabilities are sparse and the dynamic nature of disability is not captured.OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of 3 types of disability status (persistent disability, temporary disability, and no disability) on health care expenditures, out-of-pocket (OOP) spending, and financial burden.METHODS: Data from Medical Expenditure Panel Survey panel 12 (2007-2008) were used. Respondents were classified into 3 groups. Medians of average annual expenditures, OOP expenditures, and financial ratios were weighted. The package R was used for quantile regression analyses.RESULTS: Fifteen percent of the working-age population reported persistent disabilities and 7% had temporary disabilities. The persistent disability group had the greatest unadjusted annual medians for total expenditures ($4234), OOP expenses ($591), and financial burden ratios (1.59), followed by the temporary disability group ($1612, $388, 0.71 respectively). The persistent disability group paid approximately 15% of total health care expenditures out-of-pocket, while the temporary disability group and the no disability group each paid 22% out-of-pocket. After adjusting for other factors, quantile regression shows that the persistent disability group had significantly higher total expenditures, OOP expenses, and financial burden ratios (coefficients 1664, 156, 0.58 respectively) relative to the no disability group at the 50th percentile. Results for the temporary disability group show a similar trend except for OOP expenses.CONCLUSIONS: People who have disabling conditions for a longer period have better financial protection against OOP health care expenses but face greater financial burdens because of their higher out-of-pocket expenditures and their socioeconomic disadvantages.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Disabled Persons', 'Female', 'Health Expenditures', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Health', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Young Adult']
| 24,060,251
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['M01.150'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Pathogenesis and the prevention of hypoxic heart contracture].
|
The authors studied the development of hypoxic contracture of an isolated isovolumic rat heart and the effect of a water-soluble antioxidant of the class of oxypyridines, OX YP-6, on such a contracture. It was established that a contracture manifested by a rise of diastolic pressure from 5 to 40 mm Hg develops regularly in the isolated heart of control animals after 20 minutes of hypoxia. Administration of the antioxidant OX YP-6 to animals for 3 days preceding the experiment prevented the contracture completely and caused fuller and more rapid restoration of heart contractility during reoxygenation. On the grounds of these facts it is suggested that activation of lipid peroxidation in the membranes of the heart muscle plays the key role in the origin of hypoxic and reoxygenation contracture of the heart. The possibilities of using the antioxidant in the prevention of hypoxic and reoxygenation disorders of heart activity in patients are discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Cardiomyopathies', 'Contracture', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Hypoxia', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Pyridines', 'Rats', 'Time Factors']
| 7,253,397
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['C14.280.238'], ['C05.550.323', 'C05.651.197'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['E05.481'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['D03.383.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Circumferential argon laser photocoagulation for prevention of retinal detachment.
|
Circumferential argon laser photocoagulation was administered as preventive treatment for retinal detachment in 53 eyes with extensive areas of lattice degeneration and/or retinal breaks and at least one additional high-risk factor for retinal detachment. Laser burns were applied in several continuous rows 360 degrees around the peripheral retina at the junction between the posterior border of the lesions and the unaffected retina. The retina posterior to the treated areas remained attached in 51 eyes (96.2%) during a mean follow-up period of 85.8 months (range 6 months to 18 years). The treatment did not affect visual acuity. The only complication was the appearance in 2 eyes (3.8%) of a delicate epiretinal membrane which, however, did not require surgical intervention.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Laser Coagulation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retinal Degeneration', 'Retinal Detachment', 'Retinal Perforations', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity']
| 7,821,464
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.520.745.410', 'E02.594.530', 'E04.014.520.530', 'E04.350.750.410', 'E04.540.630.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.270.612', 'C11.768.585'], ['C11.768.648'], ['C11.768.740'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Functional characterization of muscarinic receptors in murine airways.
|
1. The effects of muscarinic receptor antagonists considered to be selective for M1 receptors (pirenzepine; PZ), M2 receptors (AFDX-116), and for M3 receptors (4-diphenyl acetoxy N-methyl-piperidine (4-DAMP)) were used to investigate the existence of muscarinic receptors subtypes in murine airways. Atropine was used as a nonselective antagonist. The effects of these antagonists were studied upon tracheal contractions induced either by EFS (electric field stimulation) or by application of an exogenous cholinoceptor agonist (arecoline). 2. The muscarinic receptor antagonists tested inhibited arecoline-induced tracheal contractions with the following rank order of potency: 4-DAMP = atropine > pirenzepine = AFDX-116. The rank order of potency of the muscarinic antagonists used in inhibiting EFS-induced tracheal contractions was: 4-DAMP = atropine > PZ > AFDX-116. The pA2 values for these antagonists were similar when compared to the pA2 values determined in guinea-pig and bovine airway smooth muscle. 3. In addition to in vitro studies, the effects of inhalation of the different muscarinic antagonists on lung function parameters in vivo were investigated. Inhalation of 4-DAMP induced a decrease in airway resistance and an increase in lung compliance. In contrast, inhalation of AFDX-116 induced an increase in airway resistance and almost no change in lung compliance. Apart from some minor effects of atropine on airway resistance, atropine, PZ, and pilocarpine failed to induce changes in lung mechanics as determined by in vivo lung function measurements. 4. The results provide evidence for the existence of M3 receptors on murine tracheae that are involved in the contraction of tracheal smooth muscle. This is in agreement with other animal species such as the guinea-pig and bovine. In vivo experiments also demonstrated that in the mouse, M3 receptors play an important role in bronchial smooth muscle contraction and thus in bronchoconstriction. Interestingly we have also demonstrated that M2 receptors can play a role in bronchodilatation. Inhalation of an M2 receptor antagonist induced an increase in airway resistance whereas inhalation of an M3 receptor antagonist induced a decrease in airway resistance. It is therefore likely that an M3/M2 receptor balance plays an important role in the regulation of airway function.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Airway Resistance', 'Animals', 'Atropine', 'Bronchi', 'Electric Stimulation', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Lung Compliance', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Parasympatholytics', 'Parasympathomimetics', 'Piperidines', 'Pirenzepine', 'Receptors, Muscarinic', 'Trachea']
| 8,495,246
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['E01.370.386.700.050', 'G09.772.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.145.074.722.229.199', 'D03.132.760.180.572.199', 'D03.132.889.180.648.199', 'D03.605.084.500.722.229.199', 'D03.605.869.229.199'], ['A04.411.125'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E05.481'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['E01.370.386.700.475', 'G09.772.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.650'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.675'], ['D03.383.621'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.475', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.500'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Space asymmetry as a possible global feature.
|
A series of reports in the literature indicated symmetry breaking in assemblies of chiral molecules of opposite handedness. These unexpected observations could be accounted for as being generated by the "parity violation" of the nuclear weak force, combined with an autocatalytic amplification process. However, in many such cases, in particular of chiral fluids, this putative mechanism is far from providing a reasonable explanation for such discrimination. In this article it is suggested that space may have deviated a priori from absolute symmetry, a possibility which complies with observations in atoms and molecules and may even be implicated in the asymmetrical configuration of spiral galaxies. Space asymmetry can be extrapolated to a difference between the relative statistical weights of the "right" versus the "left" directions with respect to Euclidian coordinates or, analogously, to a difference between the clockwise and anticlockwise orientations in polar coordinates. The difference in weights of these directions in space is estimated to be around 1%, based on the differences observed in density values of chiral fluids and chiral crystals of NaClO3. The implied asymmetry of time, as the conjugated fourth dimension, suggests a similar difference in magnitude of the time coordinate in a right-handed versus left-handed space, which is feasible for experimental verification.
|
['Chlorates', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 23,580,358
|
[['D01.210.300', 'D01.248.497.158.190'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of defibrillation test protocol and test repetition on the probability of meeting implant criteria.
|
BACKGROUND: Defibrillation testing is a common procedure at defibrillator implant, with the purpose to ensure that each patient receives a device-lead system with a sufficient shock efficacy. The objective of this paper was to study the influence of defibrillation test protocols on the probability of passing implant testing.METHODS: Defibrillation shock efficacy as a function of shock energy was modeled by a dose-response relationship estimated from the clinical data of the PainFREE Rx II study on 564 patients. A Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the outcomes of 12 commonly used defibrillation efficacy test protocols: four safety margin tests and eight protocols estimating the defibrillation threshold (DFT).RESULTS: The probabilities of failing 20-J and 25-J implant criteria for the different protocols ranged from 0.9% to 6.3% for 20 J and 0.3% to 3.4% for 25 J. Large variations in consecutively measured DFT values in the same patients were observed. Best results in the identification of “high risk” patients were obtained with the 2/2 safety margin protocol with an implant criterion of 20 J. The study also showed that the probability of patients inappropriately passing the implant criterion increased when the defibrillation test was repeated after initial failure.CONCLUSION: The defibrillation test protocol greatly influences the probability of meeting implant criterion. Therefore, these test protocols should be standardized. The model developed in this study, could be used to further understand their impact and to derive recommendations.
|
['Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Equipment Failure', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Humans', 'Netherlands', 'Perioperative Care', 'Prosthesis Implantation', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,797,895
|
[['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['E05.325'], ['E05.325.192'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E02.760.731', 'E04.604', 'N02.421.585.722'], ['E04.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Coronaviruses and gastroenteritis: evidence of antigenic relatedness between human enteric coronavirus strains and human coronavirus OC43.
|
A peculiar pattern of antibody response to human coronavirus (HCV) OC43 and neonatal calf diarrhea coronavirus (NCDCV) was observed in a significantly higher proportion of children with gastroenteritis (GE) than controls. It was directed only to OC43 surface antigens and appeared to be quite different form that observed in OC43 respiratory infections, in which an antibody response to both OC43 and NCDCV surface and internal antigens was found. Subsequently, fecal excretion of CV-like particles was detected by electron microscopy in a significantly higher proportion of infants and young children with acute GE as compared to controls. Immune electron microscopy showed a two-way cross-reactivity between HCV OC43 and human enteric coronavirus (HECV), both using immune sera (raised in animals immunized with HECV strains purified from stools of two patients) and patients' convalescent sera. These data show that HECVs are antigenically related to HCV OC43 and could be somewhat involved in the etiology of GE in infants and young children.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Coronaviridae', 'Coronaviridae Infections', 'Cross Reactions', 'Diarrhea', 'Epitopes', 'Feces', 'Gastroenteritis', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Mice']
| 6,083,436
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['D23.050.301'], ['D23.050.327'], ['B04.820.578.500.540'], ['C01.925.782.600.550'], ['G12.122.281'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['D23.050.550'], ['A12.459'], ['C06.405.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on aerobic performance in a normobaric environment.
|
The purpose was to examine the acute effects of a hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatment on a) recovery following prolonged exercise and b) aerobic performance in a trained population. Subjects were six male and six female, trained runners with mean Vo2max values of 64.6 +/- 5.6 and 51.9 +/- 6.6 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively. Subjects performed four exercise-HBO2 conditions in random order: a) control, b) exercise-no HBO2, c) no exercise-HBO2; and d) exercise-HBO2. Exercise was a 90-min run at 75-80% of Vo2max x HBO2 treatments consisted of breathing 95% O2 at 2.5 atm abs for 90 min. At the end of each condition, aerobic performance was assessed with a VO2max test and by the oxygen cost of running on a treadmill at three submaximal velocities. Recovery was not enhanced following a single HBO2 treatment at 2.5 atm abs for 90 min, nor did it alter submaximal or maximal running performance.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hyperbaric Oxygenation', 'Male', 'Oxygen', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Physical Endurance', 'Running', 'Sex Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 10,642,067
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.880.690.490'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G03.680'], ['G11.427.680', 'I03.450.642.845.054.600'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Observations on thyroid function tests in the elderly.
|
One hundred elderly men and women living in old people's homes and 95 in a long-stay geriatric hospital were investigated for thyroid function by measuring the serum thyroxine, T-3 uptake and calculating the free thyroxine index. The values obtained were found to be within the normal adult range in 97% of the subjects studied. No significant correlation was found between albumin and T-3 uptake, except in men in hospital.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Proteins', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Serum Albumin', 'Thyroxine', 'Triiodothyronine']
| 973,588
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Airway responsiveness in asthma: bronchial challenge with histamine and 4.5% sodium chloride before and after budesonide.
|
Inhalation of histamine is commonly used to assess the severity of and to monitor treatment of asthma. Histamine causes airways to narrow by acting directly on specific receptors. Hyperosmolar saline causes airways of asthmatics to narrow indirectly by endogenously mediated events that are potentially modified by drugs used to treat asthma. We wished to determine if hyperosmolar saline (S) is a useful challenge for assessing the airway responsiveness of asthmatic subjects being treated with steroids and to compare changes in airway responses to those changes observed with histamine (H). The airway responses to S and H were assessed by the dose of aerosol provoking a 20% fall in FEV1 and the percent fall in FEV1 per unit dose of aerosol inhaled-the dose response slope (DRS). We studied asthmatic subjects before and during treatment with budesonide-1000 micrograms per day. There was a significant correlation (Spearman's) between PD20 to H and S and DRS to H and S after budesonide (P < 0.05). After 2 months of treatment; the mean PD20 (95% CI) was increased 4.6 (2.5, 8.6) fold to H, and 9.7 (4.2, 22) fold to S, (P = NS) the DRS reduced 7.0 (4.3, 11.5) fold to H and 16.6 (8.4, 33) fold to S (P = NS). Responsiveness to H, measured by PD20 remained throughout the treatment, whereas five subjects did not record a 20% fall after S and the DRS decreased to values close to those we measured in healthy subjects. In conclusion, challenge with 4.5% sodium chloride can be used to assess the early benefits of treatment with aerosol steroids.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Asthma', 'Bronchial Provocation Tests', 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'Budesonide', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Histamine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnenediones', 'Saline Solution, Hypertonic', 'Time Factors']
| 9,066,830
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E01.370.386.700.125'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.110', 'D27.505.954.796.050.100'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.105'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['D02.092.211.215.501', 'D02.092.471.440', 'D03.383.129.308.373', 'D23.469.050.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654'], ['D26.776.314.890'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A new method for carbon isotopic analysis of protein.
|
The reaction of ninhydrin with amino acids can be used in carbon isotopic studies of protein. The reaction can be applied to extract as carbon dioxide only peptide-bonded carbon in proteinaceous material, thus avoiding most, if not all, contaminants. Test radiocarbon dates on ancient bone indicate that the method provides reliable ages, and stable carbon isotopic data suggest that our understanding of isotopic dietary reconstruction needs detailed examination. The technique should also be useful in biochemical tracing experiments and in global carbon budget studies, and the underlying principle may be applicable to other isotopes and molecules.
|
['Animals', 'Bone and Bones', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'Mammals', 'Ninhydrin', 'Paleontology', 'Proteins', 'Radioisotope Dilution Technique']
| 1,990,430
|
[['B01.050'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['D01.268.150.075.328', 'D01.496.123.328', 'D01.496.749.154'], ['B01.050.150.900.649'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.486.487.500', 'D04.615.486.487.500'], ['H01.277.875', 'I01.076.368.584'], ['D12.776'], ['E01.370.384.710', 'E05.484.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of manual therapy with exercise regime versus exercise regime alone in the management of non-specific chronic neck pain.
|
To evaluate the role of manual therapy with exercise regime versus exercise regime alone in the management of non-specific chronic neck pain. In this 62 subjects randomized controlled trial 31 subjects in group A received manual therapy (manipulation) with supervised exercise regime whilst 31 subjects in group B performed only supervised exercise regime for the period of 3 weeks. Both groups had a home exercise program consisted of strengthening exercises for neck/scapuluar stability, stretching and general range of motion exercises for neck with advice regarding posture awareness and correction for 3 months. The results suggested significant reduction in pain intensity level in both groups; over 3 weeks and 12 weeks' time period in relation to baseline on visual analog scale (p=0.001). Similarly, statistically significant improvements noticed in Neck Disability Index (NDI) (p=0.0001) in both groups while looking at baseline data with reference to 12 weeks' time period. On closer inspection, the manual therapy (manipulation) with exercise regime appeared as a favorable treatment preference compared with exercise regime alone.
|
['Adult', 'Chronic Pain', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Musculoskeletal Manipulations', 'Neck Pain']
| 25,410,083
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.592.612.274'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.190.599', 'E02.779.867', 'E02.831.535.867'], ['C23.888.592.612.553']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of thyroidal status on pituitary content of thyrotropin beta- and alpha-subunit, growth hormone, and prolactin messenger ribonucleic acids.
|
Thyroidectomized rats were used to study the effects of a single injection of T3 on pituitary mRNA synthesis and hormone secretion. T3 was injected ip at doses of 0, 0.2, 1, or 5 micrograms/100 g body weight, and and animals were killed 24 h later. T3 caused a significant decrease in serum TSH, but caused no significant change in either serum GH or PRL. Pituitary mRNA was quantified by slot blot hybridization with cDNA probes specific for alpha-TSH, beta-TSH, PRL, and GH. We found that both the alpha and beta mRNA subunits decreased, that PRL mRNA remained relatively unchanged, and that GH mRNA increased with increasing T3 dose. The data show that a single dose of T3 can profoundly influence mRNA levels in the anterior pituitary; the lowest dose of T3 caused maximum inhibition of alpha-TSH mRNA while beta-TSH mRNA declined further in a dose-dependent manner.
|
['Animals', 'Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit', 'Growth Hormone', 'Male', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Pituitary Gland, Anterior', 'Prolactin', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Thyroidectomy', 'Thyrotropin', 'Triiodothyronine']
| 2,484,216
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.322.326.562', 'D06.472.699.322.576.288.750', 'D06.472.699.322.576.463.249', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288.750', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463.249', 'D06.472.699.631.525.883.249', 'D06.472.699.649.367.562', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288.750', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463.249', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883.249', 'D12.644.548.726.367.562'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['A06.300.747.500', 'A06.688.357.750.500', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.500', 'A08.713.357.750.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E04.270.856'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tongue necrosis provoked by ergotamine tartrate and disclosing a giant cell arteritis.
|
A case of tongue necrosis induced by ergotamine tartrate is reported in a patient who was suffering from an unknown giant cell arteritis (GCA). The role of ergotamine in provoking tongue necrosis in temporal arteritis has only infrequently been considered. The hypothesis concerning ergotamine-induced vasospasm potentially being able to trigger a tongue necrosis in GCA is supported by the present case. This unusual complication warns us against uncritical prescription of this drug for elderly people suffering from migraine without considering GCA.
|
['Aged', 'Ergotamine', 'Female', 'Giant Cell Arteritis', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Necrosis', 'Tongue Diseases', 'Vasoconstrictor Agents']
| 10,586,137
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.132.327.412.400', 'D03.633.400.562.500'], ['C10.114.875.700', 'C10.228.140.300.850.500', 'C14.907.253.946.700', 'C14.907.940.090.530', 'C14.907.940.907.700', 'C17.800.862.252', 'C20.111.258.962.800'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.717'], ['C07.465.910'], ['D27.505.954.411.793']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pulsed electric field treatment for bacteria reduction and its impact on hospital wastewater.
|
During the last years the pulsed electric field (PEF) method entered several fields of application. A promising application is the decontamination of hospital wastewater effluents, which are loaded with pathogenic and increasingly with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. For this study, Pseudomonas putida suspended in buffer solution or wastewater from university hospital was used as reference strain. To prove whether the descendent of the survival bacteria develop an adaptation to electric field, surviving PEF treated bacteria were recultivated and pulsed in serial experiments with 10 pulses (100kVcm(-1) and 600ns pulse duration). This procedure was repeated for 30 generations. The inactivation rate was calculated with 3.5+/-0.8 log of colony forming units and remained constant over 30 cycles. Investigations of the variable intergenic spacer region of the ribosomal operon demonstrated no visible changes in this highly variable part of the genome structure during the serial PEF treatment experiments. The mutagenicity of PEF treated hospital wastewater, buffer solutions and tap water was analyzed by the umu-test. Most hospital wastewater samples exhibit a considerable genotoxicity already before PEF treatment, but this was not increased by the PEF treatment, not even for higher treatments energies over 250JmL(-1). No genotoxicity was induced in buffer solutions and tap water by PEF treatment. This study supports, that PEF treatment is a sustainable non-chemical method for bacterial decontamination without any adverse effects.
|
['Bacteria', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Pseudomonas putida', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Purification']
| 19,168,200
|
[['B03'], ['E05.723.402'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.675', 'B03.660.250.580.590.580'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pelargonidin attenuates PDGF-BB-induced aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by direct inhibition of focal adhesion kinase.
|
Pelargonidin is a natural red pigment found in fruits and vegetables, and has been reported to exhibit various effects potentially beneficial for human health. However, the possible preventive effects of pelargonidin toward atherosclerosis and mechanisms involved have not been investigated to date. Here, we compared the effects of pelargonidin and its glucoside-conjugated form, pelargonidin-3-glucoside (P3G), on proliferation and migration induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Pelargonidin, but not P3G, exhibited strong inhibitory effects against PDGF-BB-induced HASMC proliferation and migration, while suppressing PDGF-BB-induced ex vivo rat aortic ring sprouting. Immunoblot analysis revealed that pelargonidin inhibited PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as well as F-actin reduction, whereas Src, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and Akt phosphorylation status were not altered. We also observed that the anti-proliferative and migratory effects of both pelargonidin and P3G corresponded with the extent of FAK inhibition. Both in vitro and ex vivo pull-down assays revealed that pelargonidin binds directly with FAK in an adenosine triphosphate-competitive manner, suggesting that FAK could be a molecular target of pelargonidin. Interestingly, pelargonidin did not exhibit inhibitory effects on the proliferation, migration or FAK phosphorylation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Taken together, our results suggest that pelargonidin exhibits potential preventive effects toward atherosclerosis through the attenuation of HASMC proliferation and migration, as well as aortic sprouting via the direct inhibition of FAK activity.
|
['Animals', 'Anthocyanins', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Becaplermin', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Focal Adhesion Kinase 1', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Myocytes, Smooth Muscle', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Pigments, Biological', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis', 'Rats']
| 24,582,770
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.087', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.087', 'D09.408.084', 'D23.767.124'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['D12.644.276.910.650.500', 'D12.776.260.690.500', 'D12.776.467.910.650.500', 'D23.529.910.650.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049.500', 'D12.776.744.493'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['A11.620.520'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['D23.767'], ['D12.644.276.910.650', 'D12.776.124.625.650', 'D12.776.260.690', 'D12.776.467.910.650', 'D12.776.624.664.700.195', 'D23.529.910.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.