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Contribution of organic particulates to respiratory cancer.
|
This paper presents some of the issues that remain to be resolved in order to assess the risk of cancer related to exposure to organic particulates. Most reviews of the effects of organic particulates from the outdoor environment on the risk of lung cancer show that this source seems to play a minor role. However, as fuel use and chemical composition of air pollutants change, the contribution of outdoor pollution as a cause of cancer may also change. Indoor air pollution is a more important source of exposure to organic particulates than is outdoor exposure. Although there is clear evidence that in occupational settings organic particulates cause human cancer, there has been almost no study of exposure to these types of particulates within indoor settings. Previous research has focused on cigarette smoke as the major indoor pollutant, but more specific characterization of contaminants in both the workplace and the home is required. The health effects of the higher levels of some of these contaminants in the workplace should be evaluated and the results extrapolated to populations exposed to lower levels in the home. Extensive research is needed to characterize organic particulate mixtures appropriately and test them for carcinogenicity. Studies on the health risks of nitropolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans are reviewed, but their contribution to the overall burden of respiratory cancer in humans cannot be estimated at this time. Characterization of mixtures, assessment of exposures, and linkage of exposures to health effects are the objectives of the recommendations proposed for further research.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Animals', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Microclimate', 'Polycyclic Compounds', 'Respiratory Tract Neoplasms', 'Risk', 'Smoking', 'United States']
| 3,830,112
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['G16.500.275.071.450', 'N06.230.300.100.250.450'], ['D04'], ['C04.588.894.797', 'C08.785'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['F01.145.805'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
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|
Characterization of a homologous-region-binding protein from white spot syndrome virus by phage display.
|
Homologous regions (hrs) of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) might serve as origins of DNA replication or be involved in transcriptional regulation. To characterize the interaction between hrs of WSSV and the viral proteins, in this investigation, phage display technology was used. WSSV genomic DNA was sheared by sonication to generate fragments in lengths between 0.5 and 2.0 kb. Then these fragments were blunt-ended with T4 DNA polymerase and cloned into the EcoRV site of rebuilt vector pCANTAB 5 EE to obtain WSSV genome phage display library. Using a 210 bp DNA from the b minifragment of WSSV hr2 as the bait, biopanning of WSSV genome phage display library for five rounds resulted in the isolation of a recombinant phage clone containing an exogenous DNA fragment of 306 bp. This DNA fragment was identified to be the 5' terminus of the wsv021 open reading frame in WSSV genome. Temporal transcription analysis revealed that the wsv021 gene was transcribed at the early stage of WSSV infection. The gene was expressed as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that the recombinant WSV021 protein (rWSV021) could bind specifically to the 210 bp DNA from the b minifragment of WSSV hr2. The wsv021 gene might be a functional gene involved in WSSV replication and transcriptional regulation.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Genome, Viral', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptide Library', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Viral Proteins', 'White spot syndrome virus 1']
| 17,240,469
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.555', 'G02.111.570.060.620', 'G05.360.325.640'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.964'], ['B04.280.505.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of disabilities and activities of daily living of war-related bilateral lower extremity amputees.
|
BACKGROUND: Long-term consequences and the activities of daily living of bilateral lower limb amputation are not well documented.OBJECTIVES: The aims of our study were to identify the long-term effects of bilateral lower extremity amputations on daily activities and understand how these amputees cope with their mobility assistive devices.STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.METHODS: A total of 291 veterans with war bilateral lower limb amputations accepted to participate in a cross-sectional study.RESULTS: The average of follow-up was 25.4 years. A total of 152 amputees (54%) were involved in sports averagely 6.7 h per week. Bilateral amputees walk 10 m by the average of 15 ± 33 s, and they could walk continuously with their prosthesis 315 ± 295 m. They wore their prosthesis 6.8 ± 1.7 days per week and 7.9 ± 8.1 h per day. Of these, 6.7% of bilateral lower limb amputees needed help to wear their prosthesis; 88.3% of amputees used assistant device for walking. According to this survey, 73 (42%) prostheses in right limb were appropriate, 95 (54.6%) needed to be replaced, and 6 (3.4) needed to be fixed. On the left side, it was 76 (42%), 92 (52.0%), and 9 (5.1%), respectively. A total of 203 (74.9%) amputees reported limitations in at least one domain of the activities of daily living. The most common single item that affected the patients was ascending and descending stairs by the score of 66% of normal population.CONCLUSION: Veterans with bilateral lower limb amputations suffering from vast categories of daily problems.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study and its results confirm that bilateral lower limb amputees have major progressive disabilities in daily activities and their social performance. This should attract the attention of amputees' administrative organizations, social workers, health-care providers and caregiver providers.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Amputation, Traumatic', 'Amputees', 'Artificial Limbs', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Leg Injuries', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Assessment', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Veterans', 'Warfare', 'Young Adult']
| 25,249,384
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C26.062'], ['M01.150.100'], ['E07.695.050', 'E07.858.082.050', 'E07.858.442.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.930'], ['I01.880.735.950.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
| 1
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|
Isolated vasculitis of the central nervous system in a patient with celiac disease.
|
A 51-year-old white man with celiac disease presented with seizures unresponsive to medical therapy. Investigations including brain biopsy revealed isolated vasculitis of the central nervous system. Treatment with prednisone and cyclophosphamide resulted in clinical and radiographic improvement. The relationship between celiac disease and vasculitis is discussed.
|
['Biopsy', 'Brain', 'Brain Diseases', 'Celiac Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vasculitis']
| 3,799,641
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140'], ['C06.405.469.637.250', 'C18.452.603.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C14.907.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Lived experiences of international operating room nurses in organ procurement surgery: A phenomenological study.
|
International operating room nurses come from different regions of the world with diverse social and cultural backgrounds, religions, personal beliefs, and education. They are likely to form unique attitudes toward multi-organ procurement that potentially might affect their opinions and clinical practices. The aim of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of international operating room nurses participating in deceased organ procurement procedures in Australia. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 18 international operating room nurses. van Manen's phenomenological data analysis method was adopted to uncover and interpret meanings from these nurses' descriptions. Four essential themes emerged and evolved to signify the meanings of participants' experiences in organ procurement procedures: the surreality of death, personal and professional challenges, becoming stronger, and personal beliefs and wishes. The present study highlights the importance of cultural awareness in dealing with death, organ procurement, and interprofessional collaboration in the multi-cultural perioperative context. It is essential to provide clinical education and support around culture and practice transition for international operating room nurses to increase and maintain their professional confidence, career satisfaction, health, and well-being during organ procurement surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Australia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Life Change Events', 'Male', 'Nurses', 'Operating Room Nursing', 'Operating Rooms', 'Tissue and Organ Procurement']
| 31,609,516
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458.410'], ['M01.526.485.650', 'N02.360.650'], ['H02.478.676.650.625', 'N02.421.533.710.625'], ['N02.278.388.700'], ['N02.421.911']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Shortage areas for optometrists redefined: New York City, a case study.
|
The geographic maldistribution of health manpower, particularly in rural and inner-city areas, has been a major concern of health planners, administrators, and other government officials. Attempts to deal with the problem through the use of financial incentives, such as loan forgiveness, are reviewed. Applying the present definition of shortage areas to New York City reveals some obvious inadequacies of the definition. A new definition of shortage areas is suggested.
|
['Financing, Government', 'Legislation as Topic', 'New York City', 'Optometry', 'Training Support', 'Workforce']
| 871,309
|
[['N03.219.521.346'], ['N03.706.615'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['H02.553'], ['N03.219.483.838'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Phase Difference-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging (PADRE) Technique for the Detection of Age-Related Microstructural Changes in Optic Radiation: Comparison with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI).
|
BACKGROUND The optic radiation (OR) is a white-matter bundle connecting the lateral geniculate body and the visual cortex. Phase difference-enhanced imaging (PADRE) is a new MRI technique that is able to achieve precise delineation of the OR. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on the volume and signal intensity of the OR using PADRE, and to establish a volumetric reference of the OR from a healthy population, compared with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-nine healthy volunteers underwent MR imaging with PADRE and DTI sequences on a 3.0-T scanner. For the volumetric analysis with PADRE, the OR corresponding to the external sagittal stratum was manually traced, while an automated thresholding method was used for the DTI-based volumetric analysis of the OR. RESULTS The mean right and left OR volumes measured from the PADRE images were 1469.0±242.4 mm³ and 1372.6±310.2 mm³, respectively. Although OR volume showed no significant correlation with age, the normalized OR signal intensity showed a linear correlation with increasing age (r²=0.50-0.53; P<0.01). The OR signal intensity on PADRE and DTI-related quantitative parameters for the OR showed significant correlations (r²=0.46-0.49; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The PADRE technique revealed exceptional preservation of OR volume, even in later life. Moreover, PADRE was able to detect age-related changes in signal intensity of the OR and may contribute to future analyses of pathological neurodegeneration in patients with glaucoma and multiple sclerosis.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Brain', 'Diffusion Tensor Imaging', 'Female', 'Geniculate Bodies', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Optic Nerve', 'Visual Cortex', 'White Matter']
| 29,151,112
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.750', 'E01.370.350.825.500.150.500', 'E01.370.376.537.500', 'E05.629.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953'], ['A08.186.211.204', 'A08.186.854.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Specificity between lactobacilli and hymenopteran hosts is the exception rather than the rule.
|
Lactobacilli (Lactobacillales: Lactobacillaceae) are well known for their roles in food fermentation, as probiotics, and in human health, but they can also be dominant members of the microbiota of some species of Hymenoptera (ants, bees, and wasps). Honey bees and bumble bees associate with host-specific lactobacilli, and some evidence suggests that these lactobacilli are important for bee health. Social transmission helps maintain associations between these bees and their respective microbiota. To determine whether lactobacilli associated with social hymenopteran hosts are generally host specific, we gathered publicly available Lactobacillus 16S rRNA gene sequences, along with Lactobacillus sequences from 454 pyrosequencing surveys of six other hymenopteran species (three sweat bees and three ants). We determined the comparative secondary structural models of 16S rRNA, which allowed us to accurately align the entire 16S rRNA gene, including fast-evolving regions. BLAST searches and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic reconstructions confirmed that honey and bumble bees have host-specific Lactobacillus associates. Regardless of colony size or within-colony oral sharing of food (trophallaxis), sweat bees and ants associate with lactobacilli that are closely related to those found in vertebrate hosts or in diverse environments. Why honey and bumble bees associate with host-specific lactobacilli while other social Hymenoptera do not remains an open question. Lactobacilli are known to inhibit the growth of other microbes and can be beneficial whether they are coevolved with their host or are recruited by the host from environmental sources through mechanisms of partner choice.
|
['Animals', 'Cluster Analysis', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Host Specificity', 'Hymenoptera', 'Lactobacillus', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 23,291,551
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['G06.462.380', 'G16.527.200.380'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875'], ['B03.353.750.450.475', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475', 'B03.510.550.450.475'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Safety of 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine administration among pregnant women: Adverse event reports in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 2014-2017.
|
INTRODUCTION: 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine (9vHPV) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 2014. 9vHPV is not recommended during pregnancy, but some women of childbearing age may be inadvertently exposed. This study aims to evaluate reports submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) of pregnant women exposed to 9vHPV.METHODS: We searched the VAERS database, a national post-licensure vaccine safety surveillance system, for reports of pregnant women vaccinated with 9vHPV in the United States between December 10, 2014 and December 31, 2017. Disproportionate reporting of adverse events (AEs) was assessed using proportional reporting ratios (PRRs).RESULTS: A total of 82 pregnancy reports were identified. Sixty reports (73.2%) did not describe an AE and were submitted only to report the vaccine exposure during pregnancy. The most frequently reported pregnancy-specific AE was spontaneous abortion (n = 3; 3.7%), followed by vaginal bleeding (n = 2; 2.4%). Among non-pregnancy-specific AEs, injection site reaction (n = 3; 3.7%) was most common. No disproportionate reporting of any AE was found.DISCUSSION: No unexpected AEs were observed among these pregnancy reports.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems', 'Child', 'Databases, Factual', 'Epidemiological Monitoring', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injection Site Reaction', 'Papillomavirus Vaccines', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnant Women', 'Product Surveillance, Postmarketing', 'United States', 'United States Food and Drug Administration', 'Vaccination', 'Young Adult']
| 30,660,400
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.337.800.120', 'N02.421.668.320.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E05.318.375', 'N06.850.520.460'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.340.500', 'C25.100.781'], ['D20.215.894.899.498'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['M01.975.807'], ['E05.337.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.760', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.760'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Quality of life after contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in newly diagnosed high-risk breast cancer patients who underwent BRCA1/2 gene testing.
|
PURPOSE: Recent studies indicate that high-risk breast cancer patients (ie, women who carry mutations in BRCA1/2 genes) who opt for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) have a substantially reduced risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. However, the immediate and long-term impact of this decision on women's quality of life and psychosocial functioning is largely unknown. In this study, we compared the impact of BRCA1/2 genetic test result and CPM on these outcomes among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients who opted for CPM at the time of their definitive surgical treatment versus patients who did not.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants were 149 high-risk women who underwent genetic counseling and testing for alterations in the BRCA1/2 genes. We measured self-reported quality of life, cancer-specific distress, and genetic testing-specific distress using standardized instruments before receipt of genetic test results and again 1 and 12 months later.RESULTS: Compared with patients who chose breast conservation or unilateral mastectomy, those who chose mastectomy of the affected breast and CPM of the unaffected breast did not report diminished quality of life or elevated distress.CONCLUSION: With respect to quality of life and distress, patients who choose CPM fare as well as those who do not in the first year after surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Genes, BRCA1', 'Genes, BRCA2', 'Genetic Counseling', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Mastectomy', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Second Primary', 'Quality of Life', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 17,159,191
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.100', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.105', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.105'], ['H01.158.273.343.385.500.384', 'N02.421.308.400'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.466'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.692'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A case of gonococcal osteomyelitis. A complication of gonococcal arthritis.
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Gonococcal osteomyelitis is a rare complication of gonococcal infections since the advent of antibiotics. It is important that physicians be aware of this potential complication so that it is recognized and appropriate therapy promptly instituted.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arthritis, Infectious', 'Female', 'Gonorrhea', 'Humans', 'Osteomyelitis']
| 961,647
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C01.100', 'C05.550.114.099'], ['C01.150.252.400.625.275', 'C01.150.252.734.401', 'C01.221.812.281.401', 'C01.778.281.401', 'C12.294.668.281.401', 'C13.351.500.711.281.401'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.160.495', 'C05.116.165.495']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Micro-CT evaluation and histological analysis of screw-bone interface of expansive pedicle screw in osteoporotic sheep.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the properties of screw-bone interface of expansive pedicle screw (EPS) in osteoporotic sheep by micro-CT and histological observation.METHODS: Six female sheep with bilateral ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis were employed in this experiment. After EPS insertion in each femoral condyle, the sheep were randomly divided into two groups: 3 sheep were bred for 3 months (Group A), while the other 3 were bred for 6 months (Group B). After the animals being killed, the femoral condyles with EPS were obtained, which were three-dimensionally-imaged and reconstructed by micro-CT. Histological evaluation was made thereafter.RESULTS: The trabecular microstructure was denser at the screw-bone interface than in the distant parts in expansive section, especially within the spiral marking. In the non-expansive section, however, there was no significant difference between the interface and the distant parts. The regions of interest (ROI) adjacent to EPS were reconstructed and analyzed by micro-CT with the same thresholds. The three-dimensional (3-D) parameters, including tissue mineral density (TMD), bone volume fraction (BVF, BV/TV), bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV) ratio, trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), were significantly better in expansive sections than non-expansive sections (P less than 0.05). Histologically, newly-formed bony trabeculae crawled along the expansive fissures and into the center of EPS. The newly-formed bones, as well as the bones at the bone-screw interface, closely contacted with the EPS and constructed four compartments.CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the current study, based on micro-CT and histological evaluation, suggest that EPS can significantly provide stabilization in osteoporotic cancellous bones.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Screws', 'Bone and Bones', 'Female', 'Osteoporosis', 'Sheep', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 18,377,708
|
[['B01.050'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Automatic multiple zebrafish tracking based on improved HOG features.
|
As an excellent model organism, zebrafish have been widely applied in many fields. The accurate identification and tracking of individuals are crucial for zebrafish shoaling behaviour analysis. However, multi-zebrafish tracking still faces many challenges. It is difficult to keep identified for a long time due to fish overlapping caused by the crossings. Here we proposed an improved Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) algorithm to calculate the stable back texture feature map of zebrafish, then tracked multi-zebrafish in a fully automated fashion with low sample size, high tracking accuracy and wide applicability. The performance of the tracking algorithm was evaluated in 11 videos with different numbers and different sizes of zebrafish. In the Right-tailed hypothesis test of Wilcoxon, our method performed better than idTracker, with significant higher tracking accuracy. Throughout the video of 16 zebrafish, the training sample of each fish had only 200-500 image samples, one-fifth of the idTracker's sample size. Furthermore, we applied the tracking algorithm to analyse the depression and hypoactivity behaviour of zebrafish shoaling. We achieved correct identification of depressed zebrafish among the fish shoal based on the accurate tracking results that could not be identified by a human.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Mass Behavior', 'Orientation, Spatial', 'Spatial Behavior', 'Video Recording', 'Zebrafish']
| 30,022,073
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['L01.224.308'], ['F01.145.813.527'], ['F01.058.577.500', 'F01.145.875.439', 'F02.830.606.793'], ['F01.145.875'], ['L01.280.960'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A single dose of liposome-encapsulated oxymorphone or morphine provides long-term analgesia in an animal model of neuropathic pain.
|
An extended-release formulation of oxymorphone was produced by encapsulation into liposomes, using a novel technique. Liposome-encapsulated morphine was produced, using a standard technique These preparations were tested in an animal model of neuropathic pain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (approx. 300 g) were allotted to control (non-loaded liposomes) and treatment (liposome-encapsulated oxymorphone or morphine) groups. Drugs were administered subcutaneously to all rats immediately prior to sciatic nerve ligation. Thermal withdrawal latencies were measured at baseline and daily for seven days after sciatic nerve ligation. A second experiment involved subcutaneous administration of non-loaded liposomes, morphine, or oxymorphone to rats that did not undergo sciatic nerve ligation. Thermal withdrawal latencies in sciatic nerve-ligated rats given non-loaded liposomes decreased significantly by day four, with maximal decrease at day seven after surgery, indicating development of full hyperalgesia. In contrast, ligated rats given liposome-encapsulated morphine or liposome-encapsulated oxymorphone had no decrease in thermal withdrawal latency by day four, indicating that these long-acting preparations prevented development of hyperalgesia after a single injection. This treatment effect persisted to day seven. Non-ligated rats treated with vehicle or liposome-encapsulated morphine had no change in thermal withdrawal latencies. Non-ligated rats treated with liposome-encapsulated oxymorphone had a small, but significant increase in thermal withdrawal latency from day four through day seven. One subcutaneous injection of liposome-encapsulated oxymorphone or morphine was effective in preventing hyperalgesia in this pain model for up to seven days. These results suggest that liposome-encapsulation of oxymorphone offers a novel, convenient, and effective means to provide long-term analgesia.
|
['Analgesics, Opioid', 'Animal Welfare', 'Animals', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Carriers', 'Hyperalgesia', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Liposomes', 'Male', 'Morphine', 'Neuralgia', 'Oxymorphone', 'Pain Measurement', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sciatic Nerve', 'Sciatic Neuropathy']
| 12,868,573
|
[['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['I01.880.604.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['C10.597.751.791.400', 'C23.888.592.763.770.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['C10.668.829.600', 'C23.888.592.612.664'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.692', 'D03.605.497.607.675', 'D03.633.400.686.607.675', 'D04.615.723.795.576.692'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760'], ['C10.668.829.500.675']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A new generic synonymy for Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) from Patagonia, and descriptions of female and subimagos of Dactylophlebia carnulenta Pescador & Peters.
|
Specimens of Dactylophlebia carnulenta Pescador & Peters, only known from nymphal stage, were collected and reared in situ. From the material obtained, Archethraulodes spatulus Pescador & Peters, known from male imago and the only known species for the genus, is proposed as junior synonymy with D. carnulenta. Additionally, female imago and subimagos of D. carnulenta are described.
|
['Animals', 'Argentina', 'Female', 'Insecta', 'Male']
| 21,437,491
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['B01.050.500.131.617']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Measuring single-bond rupture forces using high electric fields in microfluidic channels and DNA oligomers as force tags.
|
The disruption force of specific biotin-streptavidin bonds was determined using DNA oligomers as force tags. Forces were generated by an electric field acting on a biotinylated fluorescently labeled DNA oligomer. DNA oligomers were immobilized via biotin-streptavidin bonds on the walls of microfluidic channels. Channel layout and fluid-based deposition process were designed to enable well-defined localized deposition of the oligomers in a narrow gap of the microchannel. Electric fields of up to 400 V/cm were applied and electric field induced desorption of DNA oligomers was observed. At T approximately 30 degrees C, field-induced desorption of both a 12 mer as well as a 48 mer yielded a streptavidin-biotin disruption force of 75 fN. Streptavidin-functionalized surfaces remained intact and could be reloaded with biotinylated oligomers. At approximately 20 degrees C, however, no field-induced unbinding of the oligomers was observed at electric field strength of up to 400 V/cm, indicating a significant temperature dependence of the bond strength.
|
['Biophysics', 'Biotin', 'Biotinylation', 'DNA', 'Electricity', 'Lipids', 'Mechanics', 'Microfluidics', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Pressure', 'Static Electricity', 'Streptavidin', 'Temperature']
| 16,040,764
|
[['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['E05.601.085', 'G02.111.109', 'G03.162'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G01.358.500.249'], ['D10'], ['H01.671.515'], ['E05.830.666', 'H01.671.808.500', 'J01.897.520.500.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G01.358.500.249.820'], ['D12.776.097.835'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Localization of mRNAs coding for CMD1, myogenin and the alpha-subunit of the acetylcholine receptor during skeletal muscle development in the chicken.
|
Myogenin and CMD1, the chicken homologue of MyoD, transactivate the promoter of the alpha-subunit of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in chicken fibroblasts. The expression of these three genes was followed by in situ hybridization. In two-day-old embryos the CMD1 gene is expressed shortly before the AChR alpha-subunit and the myogenin genes. At day 19 extrajunctional AChR mRNA clusters have disappeared and myogenin mRNAs are no longer detected in PLD muscle. Moreover, both myogenin and CMD1 mRNA levels increase after muscle denervation in chicks. These data are compatible with a role for myogenic factors in the induction and maintenance of extra-junctional expression of the AChR genes during early muscle development. Using digoxygenin labelled RNA probes, we also show that the mRNAs for the AChR alpha-subunit display a punctated, probably perinuclear distribution, whereas mRNAs for myogenic genes accumulate in the sarcoplasm around subsets of nuclei in the muscle fiber.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chickens', 'Denervation', 'Fibroblasts', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Muscle Development', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscles', 'MyoD Protein', 'Myogenin', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Organ Specificity', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Cholinergic', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Species Specificity', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 1,318,730
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E04.525.210'], ['A11.329.228'], ['G05.308'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.590', 'G11.427.578.590'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.590', 'D12.776.260.103.750.590', 'D12.776.930.125.750.590'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.600', 'D12.776.260.103.750.600', 'D12.776.930.125.750.600'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['G07.650'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.360'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G16.824'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of serum eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid ratio with microalbuminuria in a population of community-dwelling Japanese.
|
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological evidence suggests that the increased intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can prevent atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases. Recently, serum eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid (EPA/AA) ratio has been reported to be a predictive marker of cardiovascular events. Accordingly, we examined the relationship between serum EPA/AA ratio and microalbuminuria.METHODS: We enrolled 444 residents (174 males and 270 females, mean age 66.6 ± 9.3 years) who underwent a physical examination in Uku town (fishing area) in Japan. They received blood tests including serum levels of EPA and AA, and urine test to examine microalbuminuria. Eating and drinking patterns were evaluated by a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. Microalbuminuria was defined as a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ?30 mg/g Cr.RESULTS: The mean EPA/AA ratio was 0.66 ± 0.3 in males and 0.51 ± 0.2 in females. Multiple stepwise regression analyses revealed that systolic blood pressure (p < 0.0001), high sensitive C-reactive protein (p < 0.01), serum EPA/AA ratio (p < 0.01, inversely), and hemoglobin A1c (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with microalbuminuria. In the group with low serum EPA/AA ratio, the prevalence of microalbuminuria was significantly higher than the other, after the adjustments for confounding factors (odds ratio, 3.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.47-8.13; p < 0.01).CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that serum EPA/AA ratio was strongly associated with microalbuminuria.
|
['Aged', 'Albuminuria', 'Arachidonic Acid', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Biomarkers', 'Creatinine', 'Diet', 'Eicosapentaenoic Acid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Independent Living', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors']
| 25,734,981
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C12.777.934.734.269', 'C13.351.968.934.734.269', 'C23.888.942.750.269'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['D23.101'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D10.212.302.380.410.385', 'D10.251.355.255.200', 'D10.251.355.337.290', 'D10.627.430.450.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I03.050.500', 'N01.224.791.550', 'N06.850.505.400.800.550'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Endocytosis of the AT1A angiotensin receptor is independent of ubiquitylation of its cytoplasmic serine/threonine-rich region.
|
Agonist-induced internalisation of the rat type 1A (AT(1A)) angiotensin II receptor is associated with phosphorylation of a serine/threonine-rich region in its cytoplasmic tail. In yeast, hyperphosphorylation of the alpha-factor pheromone receptor regulates endocytosis of the receptor by facilitating the monoubiquitylation of its cytoplasmic tail on lysine residues. The role of receptor ubiquitylation in AT(1A) receptor internalisation was evaluated by deletion or replacement of lysine residues in its agonist-sensitive serine/threonine-rich region. Expression of such receptor mutants in CHO cells showed that these modifications had no detectable effect on the angiotensin II-induced endocytosis of the AT(1A) receptor. Furthermore, fusion of ubiquitin in-frame to an internalisation-deficient AT(1A) receptor mutant with a truncated carboxyl-terminal tail did not restore the endocytosis of the resulting chimeric receptor. No impairment of receptor internalisation was observed after substitution of all lysine residues in the serine/threonine-rich region at saturating angiotensin II concentrations, where endocytosis occurs by a beta-arrestin and dynamin independent mechanism. Taken together, these data demonstrate that ubiquitylation of the cytoplasmic serine/threonine-rich region of the AT(1A) receptor on lysine residues is not required for its agonist-induced internalisation, and suggest that endocytosis of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) occurs by a different mechanism than that of yeast GPCRs.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Cricetinae', 'Endocytosis', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis', 'Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1', 'Receptors, Angiotensin', 'Serine', 'Threonine', 'Ubiquitin']
| 12,676,183
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['G04.417'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.558'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.047.625', 'D12.776.543.750.750.130.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.047', 'D12.776.543.750.750.130'], ['D12.125.154.800'], ['D12.125.142.815', 'D12.125.154.900'], ['D12.776.947.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Estrogen receptors are present in the epididymis of the rooster.
|
Our recent discovery that testicular germ cells and epididymal sperm contain active P450 aromatase suggests that the reproductive tract may be a target for estrogen. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if estrogen receptors (ER) are present in the avian epididymis using immunocytochemistry, northern blot analysis, and in situ hybridization. Immunoperoxidase staining for ER was found principally in nuclei of nonciliated epithelial cells of proximal and distal efferent ductules and the epididymis duct. The ciliated cells also appeared to be slightly positive in the efferent ductules. Week immunostaining was also observed in the connective tissue of the epididymis duct. Immunostaining was more intense in epithelial cells of the efferent ductules than in epithelial cells of the epididymal duct of connective tissue cells. Strong specific hybridization signals for ER mRNA corresponded to the same areas exhibiting immunocytochemical localization. The presence of ER mRNA in the epididymis was confirmed by northern blot analysis, which showed a single band corresponding to approximately 7.8 kb, similar to that found in chicken oviduct. Based on these data, we suggest that the efferent ducts of the rooster are a primary target for estrogen and that estrogen may have a role in the regulation of avian epididymal function.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Chickens', 'Epididymis', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Male', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Estrogen']
| 9,283,950
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A05.360.444.371'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term theophylline treatment changes the effects of angiotensin II and adenosinergic agents on the seizure threshold.
|
The effects of angiotensin II (ANG II), sarmesin, losartan, PD 123319, and adenosine A (1) receptor agonist N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) administered i.c.v. in untreated and in theophylline-treated male mice (50 mg/kg i.p. twice daily for 14 days) were studied on the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) seizure threshold. The threshold was increased after long-term theophylline treatment. ANG II, sarmesin, and CPA increased the threshold in theophylline-untreated mice, whereas it decreased the threshold in theophylline-treated animals. Losartan did not change the threshold in theophylline-untreated mice but decreased it in theophylline-treated animals. PD 123319 did not change the seizure threshold both in theophylline-untreated and -treated mice. Taken together, the data demonstrated that repeated exposure to theophylline selectively changes the effects of ANG II and adenosinergic agents on the PTZ seizure threshold. The results indicate that both angiotensin AT(1) and adenosine A(1) receptor subtypes could possess interactive mechanisms of adaptation to chronic theophylline treatment.
|
['Adenosine', 'Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Convulsants', 'Differential Threshold', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Pentylenetetrazole', 'Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists', 'Seizures', 'Theophylline', 'Time Factors']
| 10,779,696
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.282.224', 'D27.505.954.427.220.224'], ['F02.463.593.710.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['D03.383.066.600'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.400.100', 'D27.505.696.577.725.400.100'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Annular tears and disk herniation: prevalence and contrast enhancement on MR images in the absence of low back pain or sciatica.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence and radiologic findings of annular tear (especially of contrast material enhancement), bulging disk, and disk herniation on T2-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images in people without low back pain (LBP) or sciatica.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six volunteers without LBP and/or sciatica (18 with no symptoms in their lifetime and 18 who were pain free for at least 6 months) were examined with sagittal and axial T2-weighted fast spin-echo (SE) and sagittal gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted fast SE imaging. The prevalence and MR findings of bulging disk, focal protrusion, extrusion, and nonenhancing or enhancing annular tears were assessed.RESULTS: The prevalence of bulging disk and focal disk protrusion was 81% (29 volunteers) and 33% (12 volunteers), respectively. There were no extrusions. Twenty-eight annular tears were found in 20 patients (56%); 27 tears (96%) also showed contrast enhancement.CONCLUSION: Annular tears and focal disk protrusions on MR images, with or without contrast enhancement, are frequently found in an asymptomatic population. Extruded disk herniation, displacement of nerve root, and interruption of annuloligamentous complex are unusual findings in an asymptomatic population and can be more closely related to patients with LBP or sciatica.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Contrast Media', 'Female', 'Gadolinium', 'Humans', 'Intervertebral Disc Displacement', 'Low Back Pain', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Meglumine', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Prevalence', 'Sciatica']
| 9,423,651
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.900.307', 'C23.300.707.952'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D02.033.800.813.550', 'D09.067.342.600', 'D09.853.813.550'], ['D02.691'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C10.668.829.500.675.800', 'C10.668.829.600.800', 'C23.888.592.612.664.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Skeletal muscle and jejunal protein synthesis in normal and ethanol-treated rats: the effect of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, L-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine in vivo.
|
The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors, L-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 25 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA; 100 mg/kg) were used to investigate the role of NO on in vivo skeletal muscle and jejunal (mucosa and seromuscular layer) protein synthesis rates in normal (ie, untreated) and ethanol-dosed (75 mmol/kg body weight) rats. Fractional rates of protein synthesis, ie, percentage of protein pool renewed each day, k(s), %/d) were measured with a flooding dose of L-[(3)H-4]phenylalanine. In response to both doses of L-NAME and L-NNA, k(s) in skeletal muscle of normal rats decreased by 9% to 31% (P between <.05 and <.001). In the mucosa, k(s) was significantly reduced only by the higher dose of L-NAME (-49%, P <.001). In the seromuscular layer, k(s) was reduced by 15% to 57% (P between <.05 and <.001) in response to both doses of L-NAME and L-NNA. Ethanol dosage reduced k(s) in skeletal muscle (-35%, P <.001), and small reductions also occurred in the jejunal mucosal and seromuscular layers (-14% P <.05 and -12% P <.05, respectively). However, in the presence of L-NAME, ethanol reduced k(s) in jejunal mucosal and seromuscular layers by -35% (P <.01) and -30% (P <.01), respectively, compared with controls. This exacerbating effect of L-NAME predosage in ethanol-treated rats was not demonstrable in skeletal muscle. The data thus suggest that (1) endogenous NO facilitates constitutive skeletal muscle and jejunal protein synthesis in control animals in vivo; (2) the sensitivity of jejunal (but not skeletal muscle) protein synthesis to acute ethanol is increased when inhibitors of NOS are used. This tentatively implies that, in response to ethanol, overproduction of NO is not involved in the ethanol-induced reduction of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle or the jejunum.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Central Nervous System Depressants', 'Depression, Chemical', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Ethanol', 'Jejunum', 'Male', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nitroarginine', 'Rats']
| 12,701,048
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277', 'D27.505.954.427.210'], ['G07.690.773.750'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D02.033.375'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D12.125.068.050.525', 'D12.125.095.104.525'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D12.125.068.050.587', 'D12.125.095.104.587'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum Pentraxin 3 level as a recent biomarker of diabetic retinopathy in Egyptian patients with diabetes.
|
INTRODUCTION: Serum Pentraxin3 Level As A recent Biomarker Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Egyptian patients with diabetes.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between elevated levels of plasma pentraxin 3 and the development and/or progression of diabetic retinopathy.SUBJECTS: and methods: This case control study was carried out in internal medicine department, outpatient clinic of internal medicine and outpatient clinic of ophthalmology, at Zagazig university Hospital, 2018. Serum PTX3 level, HsCRP, HbA1c, lipid profile, serum creatinine were determined in 20 normal subjects, 20 patients with prediabetes, 20 patients with diabetes without diabetic retinopathy (DR), 20 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 20 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).RESULTS: Serum PTX3 level significantly increased in patients with DR more than patients without DR with cut off point 1150 pg/ml, sensitivity 93.3%and specificity 72%. Serum HsCRP level significantly increased in patients with DR more than patients without DR with cut off point of 7.60 pg/ml has sensitivity 93.3% and specificity 68%.. Combined use of PTX3 and HsCRP decreases sensitivity to 76.7%, but combined use increases specificity to 90%.Significant relation between poor glycemic control and development of DR and its severity as showed by HbA1c.CONCLUSION: Serum PTX3 levels mayt have significant role in the development of DR and its severity. Serum HsCRP increased with DR progression. Poor glycemic control significantly associated with high incidence of diabetic retinopathy and its severity. Longer diabetes duration is associated with progression of DR.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Blood Glucose', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Disease Progression', 'Egypt', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Serum Amyloid P-Component', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 31,405,644
|
[['D23.101'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['Z01.058.266.317'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.049.407.875', 'D12.776.124.050.730', 'D12.776.395.690'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease in Fuzhou region of China].
|
Objective: To assess the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) in the Fuzhou region. Methods: A total of 4100 subjects who aged from 10 to 70 years derived from a random cluster sampling in fourty districts of Fuzhou region and they were asked to complete questionnaires. According to the grade standard of reflux symptom index (RSI), subjects with total score more than 13 were defined as having LPRD. The factors associated with LPRD were evaluated with corrective analysis. Results: Effective questionnaires were obtained from 4 063 of 4 100 subjects. The prevalence of LPRD was 5.00%(203/4 063). The prevalence of LPRD in subjects of 30-39 years old was significantly higher than that in subjects of 10-19 years old (÷2=8.532, P=0.003). The prevalence of LPRD in men was higher than that in women (P<0.001). There were significant difference in the prevalence of LPRD between different occupations (P<0.001). The prevalence of LPRD in industrial workers was 7.89% (24/304), higher than that in students (4/196, 3.14%). RSI was correlated with clearing throat, with a correlation coefficient of 0.687. LPRD was also correlated with dysphagia and pharyngeal foreign body sensation. Conclusions: The prevalence of LPRD in Fuzhou region is 5.00% and LPRD is closely related to age, sex, occupation, clearing throat, dysphagia and pharyngeal foreign body sensation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Child', 'China', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laryngopharyngeal Reflux', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Sex Distribution', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 27,978,880
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484.500', 'C08.360.577'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
cAMP-dependent phosphorylation modulates voltage gating in an endothelial Cl- channel.
|
Using the patch clamp technique in the cell-attached, inside-out, and outside-out configurations, we have identified a voltage-gated outwardly rectifying, large conductance (400 pS) Cl- channel in patches from the surface membrane of a cultured monolayer of bovine aortic endothelial cells. The channel is activated in cell-attached patches with 1 microM isoproterenol or 1 mM dibutyryladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate. In excised inside-out patches the voltage dependence of this channel could be fitted by a Boltzmann distribution with a half-activation voltage (V1/2) at 0 mV. Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent phosphorylation induces a shift of -50 mV in V1/2. Alkaline phosphatases restores the voltage dependence of the channel to control values. The channel is reversibly blocked by 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid. The half-inhibitory concentration was approximately 70 microM. Our results suggest that beta-adrenergic stimulation (which increases intracellular cAMP levels in this endothelium) may increase Cl- permeability at the cell resting potential by shifting the voltage dependence of this channel.
|
["4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid", 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chloride Channels', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Electric Conductivity', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Ion Channel Gating', 'Isoproterenol', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Phosphorylation']
| 8,383,430
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.050', 'D02.500.375.050', 'D02.886.250.050'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['G02.111.820.400', 'G04.835.400', 'G07.265.625'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['D12.776.543'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Proteomic profiles in acute respiratory distress syndrome differentiates survivors from non-survivors.
|
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) continues to have a high mortality. Currently, there are no biomarkers that provide reliable prognostic information to guide clinical management or stratify risk among clinical trial participants. The objective of this study was to probe the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) proteome to identify proteins that differentiate survivors from non-survivors of ARDS. Patients were divided into early-phase (1 to 7 days) and late-phase (8 to 35 days) groups based on time after initiation of mechanical ventilation for ARDS (Day 1). Isobaric tags for absolute and relative quantitation (iTRAQ) with LC MS/MS was performed on pooled BALF enriched for medium and low abundance proteins from early-phase survivors (n = 7), early-phase non-survivors (n = 8), and late-phase survivors (n = 7). Of the 724 proteins identified at a global false discovery rate of 1%, quantitative information was available for 499. In early-phase ARDS, proteins more abundant in survivors mapped to ontologies indicating a coordinated compensatory response to injury and stress. These included coagulation and fibrinolysis; immune system activation; and cation and iron homeostasis. Proteins more abundant in early-phase non-survivors participate in carbohydrate catabolism and collagen synthesis, with no activation of compensatory responses. The compensatory immune activation and ion homeostatic response seen in early-phase survivors transitioned to cell migration and actin filament based processes in late-phase survivors, revealing dynamic changes in the BALF proteome as the lung heals. Early phase proteins differentiating survivors from non-survivors are candidate biomarkers for predicting survival in ARDS.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metabolic Networks and Pathways', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Sequence Annotation', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Proteome', 'Proteomics', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Survival Analysis', 'Survivors', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Time Factors']
| 25,290,099
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.760.479', 'L01.453.245.667.580'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.817'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['M01.860'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Genome-wide association study for kernel composition and flour pasting behavior in wholemeal maize flour.
|
BACKGROUND: Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. Kernel composition, flour pasting behavior, and flour particle size have been previously identified as crucial for maize-based food quality. In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour.RESULTS: A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. The collection was genotyped with the MaizeSNP50 array. SNP-trait associations were tested using a mixed linear model accounting for genetic relatedness. Fifty-seven genomic regions were identified, associated with the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated. Regions controlling multiple traits were detected and potential candidate genes identified. As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize.CONCLUSIONS: This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs.
|
['Endosperm', 'Flour', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Genomics', 'Genotype', 'Nutritive Value', 'Phenotype', 'Plant Breeding', 'Seeds', 'Starch', 'Zea mays']
| 30,940,081
|
[['A18.024.500.750.666'], ['G07.203.300.484', 'J02.500.484'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['G05.380'], ['G07.203.650.660', 'J01.576.423.850.730.750', 'N06.850.601.750'], ['G05.695'], ['J01.040.227.500'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['D05.750.078.562.855', 'D09.301.915', 'D09.698.365.855'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Kinetic studies on spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals generated in NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase-paraquat systems. Effect of iron chelates.
|
Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies on spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO) were performed in NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase-paraquat systems at pH 7.4. Spin adduct concentrations were determined by comparing ESR spectra of the adducts with the ESR spectrum of a stable radical solution. Kinetic analysis in the presence of 100 microM desferrioxamine B (deferoxamine) showed that: 1) the oxidation of 1 mol of NADPH produces 2 mol of superoxide ions, all of which can be trapped by DMPO when extrapolated to infinite concentration; 2) the rate constant for the reaction of superoxide with DMPO was 1.2 M-1 s-1; 3) the superoxide spin adduct of DMPO (DMPO-OOH) decays with a half-life of 66 s and the maximum level of DMPO-OOH formed can be calculated by a simple steady state equation; and 4) 2.8% or less of the DMPO-OOH decay occurs through a reaction producing hydroxyl radicals. In the presence of 100 microM EDTA, 5 microM Fe(III) ions nearly completely inhibited the formation of the hydroxyl radical adduct of DMPO (DMPO-OH) as well as the formation of DMPO-OOH and, when 100 microM hydrogen peroxide was present, produced DMPO-OH exclusively. Fe(III)-EDTA is reduced by superoxide and the competition of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the reaction with Fe(II)-EDTA seems to be reflected in the amounts of DMPO-OOH and DMPO-OH detected. These effects of EDTA can be explained from known kinetic data including a rate constant of 6 x 10(4) M-1 s-1 for reduction of DMPO-OOH by Fe(II)-EDTA. The effect of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DETAPAC) on the formation of DMPO-OOH and DMPO-OH was between deferoxamine and EDTA, and about the same as that of endogenous chelator (phosphate).
|
['Animals', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Cytochrome Reductases', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Free Radicals', 'Hydroxides', 'Hydroxyl Radical', 'Iron Chelating Agents', 'Kinetics', 'NADP', 'Paraquat', 'Superoxides']
| 2,153,108
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D08.811.682.608.191'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['D01.045.250', 'D01.248.497.158.459'], ['D01.045.250.357', 'D01.248.497.158.459.300', 'D01.339.431.249'], ['D27.505.519.914.500.410', 'D27.720.832.500.410'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['D03.383.725.762.621'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.850', 'D01.339.431.374.850', 'D01.650.550.750.800', 'D02.389.338.732']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sequential irrigation with common detergents: a promising new method for decontaminating orthopedic wounds.
|
This investigation sought to determine the capacity of irrigation solutions in decontaminating orthopedic wounds challenged with a polymicrobial inoculum. Rats were divided into two groups, a control group and a treatment group. After creation of a dorsolumbar incision and placement of a wire through the spinous process, rats were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Wounds were irrigated with control or treated solutions. At 2 weeks, cultures were obtained. There were statistically significant differences between groups regarding total number of culture positive sites (P < 0.001), culture-positive animals (P = 0.02), and quantitative cultures (P < 0.02). Sequential irrigation with surfactants lowers bacteria counts recovered from polymicrobial wounds.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Detergents', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reference Values', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Solutions', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Therapeutic Irrigation', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Healing']
| 10,195,838
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['D27.720.877.265', 'J01.516.381'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['D26.776'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['E02.779.492.500', 'E02.831.535.492.500', 'E05.927'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Increase in mRNA Level of Orexin1 and 2 Receptors Following Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice.
|
Orexin A and B are hypothalamic peptides with a wide variety of effects such as anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. Impaired function of orexin system has been reported in some neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson, Huntington and Alzheimer. In this study, the mRNA expression levels of some hypothalamic peptides were investigated in C57BL/6 female mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Animals were randomly divided into two control and EAE groups. EAE was induced by administration of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) with complete Ferund's adjuvant and pertussis toxin. Twenty-first days following immunization, mice were decapitated to remove the brains. Then, the expression profiles of prepro-orexin, orexin 1 receptors (OX1R) and orexin 2 receptors (OX2R) in hypothalamic region were assessed using real-time PCR method. In this study, we found a considerable increase in the mRNA expression of OX1R and OX2R following EAE induction in C57BL/6 mice. Elevation levels of OX1R and OX2R following EAE induction suggest that alteration in orexinergic system may involve in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental', 'Female', "Freund's Adjuvant", 'Hypothalamus', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein', 'Orexin Receptors', 'Pertussis Toxin', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Up-Regulation']
| 26,996,108
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['C10.114.703.300', 'C10.228.140.695.562.250', 'C10.314.350.250', 'C20.111.258.625.300', 'E05.598.500.500.500'], ['D20.475'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D12.776.395.550.114.500', 'D12.776.543.550.195.500', 'D12.776.543.620.550', 'D12.776.631.580.530', 'D23.050.422.625'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.023', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.074', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.074'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.680', 'D23.946.123.946.690', 'D23.946.896.980.690'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recreational swimming in CHD patients and healthy control subjects in relation to left heart function.
|
We examined the influence on heart rate, blood pressure, lactate, glucose, and catecholamine levels of moderate recreational swimming at a mean time of 5.2 to 9 minutes with mean speed of 0.33 to 0.49 m/s in 25 CHD patients and 8 healthy control subjects. During swimming, changes in these exercise-related parameters were observed such as were only found in seated ergometry trials at levels above 100 to 175 W. We consider these changes tolerable for patients with mild left heart damage (n = 13; ejection fraction 54 +/- 7%; exercise capacity 2.1 +/- 0.4 W/kg). They may indicate overexertion in patients with marked damage to the left heart (n = 12; ejection fraction 44 +/- 5%; exercise capacity 1.3 +/- 0.4 W/kg). Six of the 12 patients with marked left heart damage stopped swimming before the planned time had elapsed for subjective (overexertion) or objective (arrhythmia) reasons.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Blood Glucose', 'Catecholamines', 'Coronary Disease', 'Exercise Test', 'Heart Atria', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Lactates', 'Lactic Acid', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Swimming']
| 2,397,618
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['A07.541.358'], ['A07.541.560'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.410.568.800', 'G11.427.410.698.277.875', 'I03.350.875', 'I03.450.642.845.945.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
POLD3 Is Haploinsufficient for DNA Replication in Mice.
|
The Pold3 gene encodes a subunit of the Polä DNA polymerase complex. Pold3 orthologs are not essential in Saccharomyces cerevisiae or chicken DT40 cells, but the Schizosaccharomyces pombe ortholog is essential. POLD3 also has a specialized role in the repair of broken replication forks, suggesting that POLD3 activity could be particularly relevant for cancer cells enduring high levels of DNA replication stress. We report here that POLD3 is essential for mouse development and is also required for viability in adult animals. Strikingly, even Pold3(+/-) mice were born at sub-Mendelian ratios, and, of those born, some presented hydrocephaly and had a reduced lifespan. In cells, POLD3 deficiency led to replication stress and cell death, which were aggravated by the expression of activated oncogenes. Finally, we show that Pold3 deletion destabilizes all members of the Polä complex, explaining its major role in DNA replication and the severe impact of its deficiency.
|
['Animals', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Brain', 'Cell Death', 'Checkpoint Kinase 1', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Polymerase III', 'DNA Replication', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Haploinsufficiency', 'Histones', 'Homozygote', 'Hydrocephalus', 'Longevity', 'Lung', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Phosphorylation', 'Survival Analysis']
| 27,524,497
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G04.146'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.143'], ['G05.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.235'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['G05.308.310'], ['G05.365.590.029.530.587', 'G05.380.350.500'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['G05.380.554'], ['C10.228.140.602'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Female Mice With an XY Sex Chromosome Complement Develop Severe Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.
|
BACKGROUND: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a deadly pathology with strong sexual dimorphism. Similar to humans, female mice exhibit far lower incidences of angiotensin II-induced AAAs than males. In addition to sex hormones, the X and Y sex chromosomes, and their unique complements of genes, may contribute to sexually dimorphic AAA pathology. Here, we defined the effect of female (XX) versus male (XY) sex chromosome complement on angiotensin II-induced AAA formation and rupture in phenotypically female mice.METHODS: Female low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr) deficient mice with an XX or XY sex chromosome complement were infused with angiotensin II for 28 days to induce AAAs. Abdominal aortic lumen diameters were quantified by ultrasound, whereas AAA diameters were quantified at study end point. DNA microarrays were performed on abdominal aortas. To mimic males, female mice were administered a single dose of testosterone as neonates or as adults before angiotensin II infusions.RESULTS: Female Ldlr-/- deficient mice with an XX and XY sex chromosome complement had similar sex organ weights and low serum testosterone concentrations. Abdominal aortas from female XY mice selectively expressed Y chromosome genes, whereas genes known to escape X inactivation were higher in XX females. The majority of aortic gene differences in XY versus XX females fell within inflammatory pathways. AAA incidences doubled and aneurysms ruptured in XY females. AAAs from XY females exhibited inflammation, and plasma interleukin-1â concentrations were increased in XY females. Moreover, aortas from XY females had augmented matrix metalloproteinase activity and increased oxidative stress. Last, testosterone exposure applied chronically, or as a single bolus at postnatal day 1, markedly worsened AAA outcomes in XY in comparison with XX adult females.CONCLUSIONS: An XY sex chromosome complement in phenotypic females profoundly influenced aortic gene expression profiles and promoted AAA severity. When XY females were exposed to testosterone, aneurysm rupture rates were striking. Mechanisms for augmented AAA severity in XY females include increased inflammation, augmented matrix metalloproteineases, and oxidative stress. Our results demonstrate that genes on the sex chromosomes regulate aortic vascular biology and contribute to sexual dimorphism of AAAs. Sex chromosome genes may serve as novel targets for sex-specific AAA therapeutics.
|
['Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Female', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Sex Chromosomes', 'Vasoconstrictor Agents']
| 27,815,372
|
[['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A11.284.187.865', 'G05.360.162.865'], ['D27.505.954.411.793']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Merocyanine 540 as a fluorescent probe of altered membrane phospholipid asymmetry in activated whole blood platelets.
|
BACKGROUND: Platelet activation leads to the loss of a natural asymmetry of membrane phospholipids (PL) and the subsequent exposure of negatively charged PL in platelets with procoagulant activity that can be monitored routinely with annexin V (AN-V).METHODS: Flow cytometric analysis of merocyanine 540 (MC540) binding may be the alternate choice for the monitoring of platelet procoagulant activity. Due to the increased partition of negatively charged phosphatidylserine (PS) in the membrane outer leaflet of activated platelets, the interaction with MC540 is reduced.RESULTS: Collagen, which facilitated platelet PL bilayer symmetrization, vastly reduced MC540 fluorescence and augmented AN-V binding to platelets. Such a collagen-induced symmetrization was further augmented in the presence of thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP, SFLLRNPNDKYEPF). In the presence of VO(4) ((-3)) (the inhibitor of aminophospholipid translocase), the rebuilt of membrane asymmetry was attenuated, which resulted in further reduced MC540 fluorescence and enhanced AN-V binding in activated cells. In platelets incubated with thapsigargin, the inhibitor of platelet tubular system Ca(2+) ATP-ase, which elevates intraplatelet Ca(2+) concentration, TRAP increased AN-V and reduced MC540 binding. The chelating of Ca(2+) with EGTA outside of activated platelets reduced AN-V binding, but did not affect MC540-positive platelets. The fluctuations in reduced staining with MC540 paralleled enhanced AN-V binding (r = -0.481, P < 0.01), especially for strong "procoagulant" activating agents.CONCLUSIONS: (1) MC540 may be used in whole blood flow cytometry for the monitoring of platelet membrane symmetrization as an alternate or compounding method to AN-V. (2) Platelet staining with MC540 is sensitive to the fluctuations in the intraplatelet [Ca(2+)] during platelet activation. (3) Use of MC540 is characterized by improved diagnostic precision and reliability compared with AN-V.
|
['Adult', 'Annexin A5', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Coagulation Factors', 'Blood Platelets', 'Cell Membrane', 'Collagen', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Humans', 'Liposomes', 'Phosphatidylserines', 'Platelet Activation', 'Proteins', 'Pyrimidinones', 'Receptors, Thrombin', 'Solubility', 'Vanadates']
| 12,442,312
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.157.125.050.100'], ['D23.101'], ['D12.776.124.125', 'D23.119'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.971'], ['G09.188.390.600'], ['D12.776'], ['D03.383.742.698'], ['D12.776.395.550.625.800', 'D12.776.543.550.625.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.875', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.892', 'D12.776.543.750.750.850', 'D12.776.543.750.792.500'], ['G02.805'], ['D01.248.497.158.952', 'D01.960.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Are aminoglycoside antibiotics excitotoxic?
|
Guinea pigs received gentamicin to induce a profound hearing loss (61 dB auditory threshold shift at 18 kHz). Concomitant administration of maleic or tartaric acid dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) significantly reduced the threshold shift to < 40 dB. The results have several important implications. First, they support the hypothesis of a free-radical mechanism of gentamicin toxicity since the protective compounds are metal chelators and scavengers. Second, they caution against these and similar chemicals, commonly found in drug preparations, as vehicles in tests of aminoglycoside toxicity. For example, a recent study by others describing attenuation of aminoglycoside ototoxicity by NMDA antagonists may have been influenced by the presence of maleate, tartrate and DMSO. Third, they suggest simple antioxidants as a potentially efficient and inexpensive clinical prophylaxis of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Gentamicins', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hearing Loss', 'Male', 'Maleates', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Tartrates']
| 9,875,724
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.300', 'D27.505.696.577.190.300'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['D09.408.051.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['C09.218.458.341', 'C10.597.751.418.341', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341'], ['D02.241.081.337.502'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['D02.241.081.337.864', 'D02.241.081.844.759', 'D02.241.511.902.759', 'D09.811.779']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genetic prion disease with codon 196 PRNP mutation: clinical and pathological findings.
|
Ten percent to 15% of all human transmissible spongiform encephalopathy are characterized by a mutation in prion protein gene (PRNP). They are distinct with respect to clinical signs, disease onset, disease duration, and diagnostic findings. During our surveillance activities in Germany, we identified 7 patients with the rare mutation E196K in PRNP gene, thereof 4 patients belonging to 2 families. The clinical syndromes were characterized by nonspecific and psychiatric symptoms at disease onset and progressed to predominant motor signs. These patients showed a late median disease onset of 71 years and short disease duration of 6.5 months. In absence of family history, they mimicked sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). In clinical tests they were 100% positive for 14-3-3 protein detection in cerebrospinal fluid and less sensitive for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities. As a secondary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormality, we have seen conspicuous common involvement of the subcortical white matter in 57%. Four patients underwent autopsy-pathological lesions revealed striking similarity to sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease but also involvement of the white matter.
|
['Brain', 'Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome', 'Electroencephalography', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Mutation', 'Nerve Fibers, Myelinated', 'Prion Proteins', 'Prions']
| 21,232,818
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['C01.207.800.230', 'C10.228.140.380.165', 'C10.228.228.800.230', 'F03.615.400.300'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A08.675.542.512', 'A11.671.501.512', 'A11.671.514'], ['D12.776.395.550.448.600', 'D12.776.543.484.500.625', 'D12.776.543.550.418.600', 'D12.776.785.340'], ['D12.776.785']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protoporphyrin photosensitivity cannot be attenuated by oral N-acetylcysteine.
|
The photodermatosis in erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is caused by the accumulation of photosensitizing protoporphyrin (PP) in the skin, due to a defect in ferrochelatase, the enzyme that inserts ferrous iron into PP to form heme. Hydroxyl radical (.OH) and singlet oxygen generation with subsequent lipid peroxidation are thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of the photodermatosis in EPP. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can generate .OH in the Haber-Weiss as well as the Fenton reaction, and is thus a potentially harmful intermediate in the photoreduction of O2. The use of oxyradical scavengers, such as beta-carotene, has been reported to be beneficial in the treatment of EPP photodermatosis. In this study, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 1800 mg/day was used for 3 reasons: (i) its -SH groups directly scavenge H2O2; (ii) ferrochelatase can be activated by sulfhydryl groups; (iii) NAC was reported to upregulate the glutathione redox system, which is a major endogenous anti-oxidant system. However, in a double-blind crossover placebo controlled study on 6 EPP patients, we could neither demonstrate an effect through photosensitivity tests, nor on light hypersensitivity as reported by the patients. This dosage of NAC could not increase reduced glutathione and did not affect the red blood cell PP content nor the excretion of PP in the feces. Neither were adverse effects observed. We conclude that the oral administration of NAC, in the relatively low dose used here, is not effective in the treatment of photodermatosis in EPP.
|
['Acetylcysteine', 'Administration, Oral', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glutathione', 'Glutathione Reductase', 'Humans', 'Photosensitivity Disorders', 'Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic', 'Protoporphyrins']
| 1,343,225
|
[['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D08.811.682.667.092'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.600'], ['C06.552.830.437', 'C16.320.850.742.437', 'C17.800.827.742.437', 'C18.452.811.400.437'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.725', 'D03.633.400.909.500.725', 'D04.345.783.500.725', 'D23.767.727.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Electron microscopy of glial cells of the central nervous system in the crab Ucides cordatus.
|
Invertebrate glial cells show a variety of morphologies depending on species and location. They have been classified according to relatively general morphological or functional criteria and also to their location. The present study was carried out to characterize the organization of glial cells and their processes in the zona fasciculata and in the protocerebral tract of the crab Ucides cordatus. We performed routine and cytochemical procedures for electron microscopy analysis. Semithin sections were observed at the light microscope. The Thi?ry procedure indicated the presence of carbohydrates, particularly glycogen, in tissue and in cells. To better visualize the axonal ensheathment at the ultrastructural level, we employed a method to enhance the unsaturated fatty acids present in membranes. Our results showed that there are at least two types of glial cells in these nervous structures, a light one and a dark one. Most of the dark cell processes have been mentioned in the literature as extracellular matrix, but since they presented an enveloping membrane, glycogen and mitochondria--intact and with different degrees of disruption--they were considered to be glial cells in the present study. We assume that they correspond to the perincurial cells on the basis of their location. The light cells must correspond to the periaxonal cells. Some characteristics of the axons such as their organization, ensheathment and subcellular structures are also described.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Brachyura', 'Central Nervous System', 'Darkness', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Light', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Neuroglia']
| 10,347,792
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.190.110'], ['A08.186'], ['G01.590.540.233'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Activation of free sperm and dissociation of sperm bundles (spermatozeugmata) of an endangered viviparous fish, Xenotoca eiseni.
|
Knowledge of sperm motility activation for viviparous fishes has been limited to study of several species in Poeciliidae, and the dissociation of sperm bundles is even less understood. The goal of this study was to use the endangered Redtail Splitfin (Xenotoca eiseni) as a model to investigate the activation of sperm from viviparous fishes by study of free sperm and spermatozeugmata (unencapsulated sperm bundles). The specific objectives were to evaluate the effects of: (1) osmotic pressure and refrigerated storage (4 °C) on activation of free sperm, (2) osmotic pressure, ions, and pH on dissociation of spermatozeugmata, and (3) CaCl2 concentration and pH on sperm membrane integrity. Free sperm were activated in Ca2+-free Hanks' balanced salt solution at 81-516 mOsmol/kg. The highest motility (19 ± 6%) was at 305 mOsmol/kg and swim remained for 84 h. Glucose (300-700 mOsmol/kg), NaCl (50-600 mOsmol/kg), and KCl, MgCl2, and MnCl2 at 5-160 mM activated sperm within spermatozeugmata, but did not dissociate spermatozeugmata. CaCl2 at 5-160 mM dissociated spermatozeugmata within 10 min. Solutions of NaCl-NaOH at pH 11.6 to 12.4 dissociated spermatozeugmata within 1 min. The percentage of viable cells had no significant differences (P = 0.2033) among different concentrations of CaCl2, but it was lower (P < 0.0001) at pH 12.5 than at pH between 7.0 and 12.0. Overall, this study provided a foundation for quality evaluation of sperm and spermatozeugmata from livebearing fishes, and for development of germplasm repositories for imperiled goodeids.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Chloride', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cryopreservation', 'Endangered Species', 'Female', 'Fishes', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Ions', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'Sperm Motility', 'Spermatozoa', 'Viviparity, Nonmammalian']
| 29,371,117
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.146.300', 'D01.210.450.150.150'], ['A11.284.149'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['B01.050.050.565', 'G16.500.275.157.049.250', 'N06.230.080.200', 'N06.230.124.049.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['G02.300'], ['D01.248.497'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['G08.686.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Electrophysiology of direct current stimulation of fracture healing in canine radius.
|
Electrophysiological mechanisms involved in the electrical stimulation of fracture healing remain largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to establish relationships between osteogenetic response and intraosseous measures of electrical dose in experimental fractures (osteotomies) of canine radii stimulated by direct currents. The response was determined postmortem at seven weeks after osteotomy by measuring the bending rigidity and four physicochemical properties: tissue density, mineral density, matrix density, and mineral-to-matrix ratio. The currents measured in bone ranged from 0.1 to 17 microA. Three regions of enhanced osteogenetic response were observed at approximately 1, 7, and 13 microA, separated by regions of unstimulated response. Evidence presented in this paper suggests that enhanced response resulted mainly from electrical modulation of early events in the fracture repair sequence.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Density', 'Dogs', 'Elasticity', 'Electric Stimulation', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Mathematical Computing', 'Osteogenesis', 'Radius Fractures', 'Wound Healing']
| 2,276,752
|
[['B01.050'], ['G11.427.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G01.374.590'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E05.481'], ['L01.224.680'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['C26.088.268.556', 'C26.404.562'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
P3-evoking wrong notes: unexpected, awaited, or arousing?
|
The effect of melodic deviance on P3 was investigated. In one condition, the opening phrases of well-known melodies were presented. Melodies ended in the midst of the phrases, either properly or with a deviant tone, as in the study of Besson and Macar (1987). In the other condition, ending phrases of melodies were presented, with the final tone either having its proper pitch or a deviant one. It was predicted that not only deviant tones of openings would evoke P3s, as in Besson and Macar's study, but also both deviant and normal tones of endings because all these tones unambiguously marked the end of the present epoch. Contrary to prediction, late positive components were evoked by deviant tones only. However, it was in the endings condition only that these components displayed a parietal maximum, as P3s do. It is concluded that two factors were necessary for evoking P3s in this paradigm, one factor that was associated with deviance, the other associated with endings. It is argued that the first factor is arousal, the second factor is subjects' expectation of the closing stimulus.
|
['Adult', 'Electroencephalography', 'Electrooculography', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Music', 'Sound']
| 2,084,050
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['E01.370.380.230.285', 'E01.370.405.245.787.285'], ['G07.265.216.500.370', 'G07.888.250', 'G11.561.200.500.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.602'], ['G01.750.770.776']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Past and current drug use among Canadian correctional officers.
|
Current and past drug use was assessed in a sample of 77 Canadian correctional officers working in two medium-security penitentiaries. 58% of correctional officers indicated past illicit drug use. This compares with 20% of Canadians who indicate illicit drug use. Correctional officers were more likely than the general population to have used marijuana and cocaine.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Canada', 'Cocaine', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Illicit Drugs', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Marijuana Abuse', 'Middle Aged', 'Prisons', 'Psychotropic Drugs', 'Social Control, Formal', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 7,568,616
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D26.878'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C25.775.635', 'F03.900.635'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.880.604.787', 'J03.220.500'], ['D27.505.954.427.700'], ['I01.880.604', 'N03.706'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Temporal validation of a simplified blastocyst grading system.
|
We have recently established the clinical effectiveness and credibility of a simplified blastocyst grading system by demonstrating its prognostic potential and the inter- and intra-observer variability associated with it. To be considered clinically useful, however, the grading system also needs to be accurate (i.e. well calibrated with good discriminative ability). This study prospectively evaluates the performance of the grading system on subsequent patients from the same IVF unit in an attempt to temporally validate the model. All day 5 single embryo transfers between 1st July 2012 and 30th June 2014 were included in the study. The observed implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates according to grade of embryo transferred were compared to the expected rates as predicted by the development data set and the statistical significance of any differences between the two were calculated using the Chi-square test. A total of 435 single embryo transfers were included. For each grade of embryo transferred, there was generally no significant difference between the observed and expected frequencies of implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth suggesting that the simplified blastocyst grading system is accurate and temporal validation has been satisfactorily demonstrated. It is now necessary to externally validate the grading system to prove generality before further dissemination.
|
['Adult', 'Blastocyst', 'Embryo Culture Techniques', 'Embryo Transfer', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Observer Variation', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Prospective Studies']
| 27,894,197
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A16.254.500'], ['E05.481.500.468'], ['E02.875.800.500', 'E05.820.800.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Depressive symptoms are not associated with forearm bone accrual during adolescence.
|
UNLABELLED: Although depression has been associated to worst bone physical properties in adulthood, this study showed that depressive symptoms were not significantly associated to bone mineral density measured at the forearm during adolescence.PURPOSE: Depressive conditions have been related to the reduction of bone mineral density (BMD) in adulthood. Though it is possible to hypothesize that depressive symptoms present similar effects in bone mineral accrual during adolescence, such association is poorly researched. Therefore, we aimed to study the relation between depressive symptoms and forearm BMD during adolescence.METHODS: The study is based on the Epidemiological Health Investigation of Teenagers cohort that sampled adolescents born in 1990 and enrolled in public and private schools of Porto during the 2003/2004 academic year. At baseline (n = 2,160) and at 17 years of age (n = 1,716), depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). BMD (grams per square centimetre) was measured at the non-dominant forearm using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sex-specific crude and adjusted linear regression coefficients (â) and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) were calculated to estimate the cross-sectional and prospective associations between depressive symptoms and forearm BMD.RESULTS: In both sexes, in early and late adolescence, depressive symptoms presented no statistically significant association with forearm BMD (â Girls13 = 0.09, 95 % CI = -0.43 to 0.61; â Girls17 = 0.10, 95 % CI = -0.43 to 0.64; â Boys13 = -0.10, 95 % CI = -0.96 to 0.76; â Boys17 = 0.49, 95 % CI = -0.96 to 1.93). Similarly, there were no significant associations between depressive symptoms and the annual forearm BMD change during adolescence in girls and boys (â Girls_BDI-II_13-17_remained_lowest = -0.85, 95 % CI = -4.62 to 2.92 vs. â Girls_BDI-II_13-17_remained_highest = -1.87, 95 % CI = -5.06 to 1.31; â Boys_BDI-II_13-17_remained_lowest = 0.48, 95 % CI = -5.30 to 6.26 vs. â Boys_BDI-II_13-17_remained_highest = 1.36, 95 % CI = -3.25 to 5.97).CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptoms, with the range of severity observed in the general adolescent population, were not associated with changes in forearm bone mineral density during adolescence. Further research based on measurements of different skeletal sites is needed in order to detect a systemic effect of depression on growing bone.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arm Bones', 'Body Mass Index', 'Bone Density', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Forearm', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sex Characteristics']
| 24,619,250
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A02.835.232.087.090'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['G11.427.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G08.686.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
How and when to prescribe sodium fluoride.
|
Sodium fluoride has now been used for 24 years in an effort to slow down or arrest sensorineural hearing nerve deterioration in patients with stapedial otosclerosis or after stapedectomy, as well as in patients with pure cochlear otosclerosis. Extensive clinical experience in thousands of patients with this therapy has demonstrated its value in arresting previously progressive sensorineural hearing loss. For a long time there were those who objected to this therapy on the basis that it had not been adequately proven by double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. They have been answered by Bretlau's study in Denmark and Fisch's from Switzerland; both investigators confirmed on small groups the value of sodium fluoride by double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Extensive research by Professor Petrovic of Strasbourg while at our tissue culture laboratory at Northwestern University demonstrated the action of sodium fluoride on bone. A nicely designed study with radioactive strontium by Linthicum, House, and Althaus demonstrated its value in promoting maturation of a spongiotic focus. Today there is no reason to hesitate in prescribing this useful, effective, and safe medication to promote maturation of otospongiotic lesions, and thus to slow down or to arrest progression in sensorineural hearing loss.
|
['Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Otosclerosis', 'Sodium Fluoride', 'Stapes Surgery']
| 2,735,387
|
[['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C09.218.768'], ['D01.303.350.300.875', 'D01.857.725', 'D25.223.716', 'J01.637.051.223.716'], ['E04.580.450.731']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Outcome of splanchnic blood flow determination in patients with suspected chronic intestinal ischaemia. A retrospective survey.
|
BACKGROUND: Different diagnostic examinations have been applied in the management of patients with suspected intestinal ischaemia. In some centres, invasive determination of a meal-induced increase in splanchnic blood flow is used in the diagnostic process and in the selection of patients for surgery. However, no studies have evaluated the impact of splanchnic blood flow determination on therapy in such patients.OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was therefore to analyse the outcome of splanchnic blood flow determination in patients with suspected chronic intestinal ischaemia.METHODS: Seventy-three consecutive patients with suspected intestinal ischaemia were included during a 5-year period. Splanchnic blood flow was determined at baseline and after a standardized meal. The patients were classified into three groups according to the level of meal-induced increase in splanchnic blood flow: A, normal response (splanchnic blood flow > or = 200 ml/min); B, possible abnormal response (splanchnic blood flow 51-199 ml/min); and C, definitive abnormal response (splanchnic blood flow < or = 50 ml/min). Where surgery took place, the type of operation was noted.RESULTS: Forty patients had a normal meal-induced response, 23 patients had a possible abnormal response and 10 patients had a definitive abnormal response, which gave evidence of chronic intestinal ischaemia. In the total patient population, the increase in splanchnic blood flow was significantly correlated to an increase in hepatic oxygen uptake (r = 0.38, P < 0.002) and to body weight (r = 0.36, P < 0.01). A total of seven patients (10%) underwent successful revascularization.CONCLUSIONS: Ten of the patients with suspected chronic intestinal ischaemia had abnormal meal-induced splanchnic blood flow and 30% of these patients underwent angioplasty. Future studies are needed to validate the determination of splanchnic blood flow in relation to splanchnic angiography and other imaging modalities in patients with chronic intestinal ischaemia.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angiography', 'Chronic Disease', 'Coloring Agents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestines', 'Ischemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Postprandial Period', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Splanchnic Circulation', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex']
| 12,439,113
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['D27.720.233'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124'], ['C23.550.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02'], ['G10.261.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G09.330.100.881'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Health reform under the patient protection and Affordable Care Act: characteristics of exchange-based health insurance enrollees.
|
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) reformed and expanded healthcare coverage with an exchange-based health insurance program. While millions of Americans have benefited from enrollment in ACA marketplace insurance plans, many individuals are likely to be affected by potential future policy changes. Since few studies on the features of marketplace enrollees exist, we adopted a retrospective, cross-sectional study design using 2016 National Health Interview data to identify sociodemographic and health characteristics of enrollees, comparing them to those without insurance. Chi-square tests and logistic regression examined factors associated with enrollees. Adults with multiple chronic diseases (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.44, 2.50), a history of smoking (AOR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.82, 3.26), females, married, age 50-64 years, higher educational attainment, and retirees (AOR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.06, 3.27) were more likely to be enrollees. Since enrollees are largely higher risk individuals with greater healthcare needs, policies that modify the ACA should take these factors into account to reduce potential adverse impacts on enrollees.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Health Care Reform', 'Health Insurance Exchanges', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medically Uninsured', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Chronic Conditions', 'Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sex Distribution', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'United States']
| 31,215,849
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I01.655.500.608.400.285', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400.285', 'N03.349.285', 'N03.623.500.608.428.285', 'N04.590.374.285', 'N05.300.380'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.918.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.385'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.291.500.500'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.918', 'N03.706.615.806'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Clinical significance of serum vitamin B12 measured by radioassay using pure intrinsic factor.
|
Serum vitamin B12 (B12) levels of 53 patients (15 with pernicious anemia) and 42 healthy volunteers were determined using crude intrinsic factor (IF), pure IF, and a mixture of crude IF + R-protein blocking agent (block IF). The radioassay using pure IF showed less sample-to-sample variation in nonspecific binding than the radioassay using block IF. The mean B12 levels in 42 healthy subjects were significantly higher with crude IF (499 +/- 23 pg/ml, 1 s.e.m.) than with pure IF (408 +/- 29 pg/ml) or with block IF (407 +/- 22 pg/ml). B12 levels were abnormally low in all 15 patients with pernicious anemia by pure IF (less than 100 pg/ml), in 14 patients by block IF (less than 150 pg/ml), and in only seven patients by crude IF (less than 200 pg/ml). Our data confirm previous reports that B12 deficiency can be diagnosed more reliably by measuring serum B12 levels with etiher pure IF or block IF.
|
['Anemia, Pernicious', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Intrinsic Factor', 'Protein Binding', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Vitamin B 12', 'Vitamin B 12 Deficiency']
| 7,218,021
|
[['C15.378.071.252.196.500', 'C18.654.521.500.133.699.923.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.776.395.560.494'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.437.777', 'D03.633.400.909.437.777', 'D04.345.783.437.777'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.923']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of tamoxifen, N-desmethyltamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen levels in cytosol and KCl-nuclear extracts of breast tumours from tamoxifen treated patients by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using selected ion monitoring (SIM).
|
Tamoxifen, 4-hydroxytamoxifen and desmethyltamoxifen levels were measured in cytosolic and 0.5 M KCl extracted nuclear fractions from a small series of breast tumours from tamoxifen treated patients by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using selected ion monitoring (SIM). Tamoxifen and desmethyltamoxifen were the most abundant metabolites. There was a small increment in the relative abundance of 4-hydroxytamoxifen in the nuclear extract over cytosol relative to both tamoxifen and desmethyltamoxifen. Further, there was a selective retention of tamoxifen relative to desmethyltamoxifen in the nuclear extract relative to the cytosol. It is concluded that all three compounds could potentially contribute to estrogen receptor mediated antiestrogenic effects in this target tissue.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cytosol', 'Female', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Humans', 'Potassium Chloride', 'Tamoxifen']
| 3,695,512
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.210.450.150.750', 'D01.745.625'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pathophysiologic correlates of experimental trypanosomiasis in rabbits.
|
Rabbits inoculated subcutaneously with Trypanosoma brucei brucei developed parasitemia, fever, and reduced food and water intake within 4 to 6 days postinoculation. Subsequent alterations in clinicopathologic parameters included anemia and increased circulating nucleated red blood cells, fibrinogenemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperproteinemia. Transient alterations in the numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes were detected sporadically; however, leukocytosis was not a characteristic of this chronic infectious condition in rabbits.
|
['Anemia', 'Animals', 'Blood Proteins', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fever', 'Fibrinogen', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Male', 'Rabbits', 'Time Factors', 'Triglycerides', 'Trypanosoma brucei brucei', 'Trypanosomiasis, African']
| 1,667,203
|
[['C15.378.071'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D10.351.801'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.080'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.719', 'C01.920.937']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Localization of retrovirus in the central nervous system of a patient co-infected with HTLV-1 and HIV with HAM/TSP and HIV-associated dementia.
|
Persons co-infected with HTLV-1 and HIV are at increased risk for neurologic disease. These patients may develop HAM/TSP and/or HIV-associated dementia. In this study, we localized cells infected with retrovirus in the central nervous system (CNS) of a patient with both HAM/TSP and HIV-associated dementia. HTLV-1 was localized to astrocytes and HIV to macrophage/microglia. There was no co-infection of a single cell phenotype in this patient. These data suggest that mechanisms other than co-infection of the same CNS cell may play a role in the development of neurologic disease in patients dual infected with HTLV-1 and HIV.
|
['AIDS Dementia Complex', 'Adult', 'Astrocytes', 'Brain', 'Central Nervous System', 'DNA, Viral', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Gene Products, tax', 'HIV', 'Human T-lymphotropic virus 1', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Microglia', 'Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'RNA, Viral', 'Retroviridae', 'Sarcoma, Kaposi', 'Spinal Cord']
| 11,519,484
|
[['C01.221.250.875.049', 'C01.221.812.640.400.070', 'C01.778.640.400.070', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.049', 'C01.925.813.400.070', 'C10.228.140.380.070', 'C20.673.480.070', 'F03.615.400.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['D12.776.624.664.520.750.480', 'D12.776.964.700.750.480', 'D12.776.964.775.750.480', 'D12.776.964.925.984.410'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['B04.613.807.200.725.400', 'B04.820.650.200.725.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['C01.207.618.500', 'C01.925.782.815.200.470.710', 'C10.228.228.618.500', 'C10.228.854.525.700'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['B04.613.807', 'B04.820.650'], ['C01.925.256.466.860', 'C04.557.450.795.850', 'C04.557.645.750'], ['A08.186.854']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The evolution of intergroup bias: perceptions and attitudes in rhesus macaques.
|
Social psychologists have learned a great deal about the nature of intergroup conflict and the attitudinal and cognitive processes that enable it. Less is known about where these processes come from in the first place. In particular, do our strategies for dealing with other groups emerge in the absence of human-specific experiences? One profitable way to answer this question has involved administering tests that are conceptual equivalents of those used with adult humans in other species, thereby exploring the continuity or discontinuity of psychological processes. We examined intergroup preferences in a nonhuman species, the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). We found the first evidence that a nonhuman species automatically distinguishes the faces of members of its own social group from those in other groups and displays greater vigilance toward outgroup members (Experiments 1-3). In addition, we observed that macaques spontaneously associate novel objects with specific social groups and display greater vigilance to objects associated with outgroup members (Experiments 4-5). Finally, we developed a looking time procedure-the Looking Time Implicit Association Test, which resembles the Implicit Association Test (Greenwald & Banaji, 1995)-and we discovered that macaques, like humans, automatically evaluate ingroup members positively and outgroup members negatively (Experiments 6-7). These field studies represent the first controlled experiments to examine the presence of intergroup attitudes in a nonhuman species. As such, these studies suggest that the architecture of the mind that enables the formation of these biases may be rooted in phylogenetically ancient mechanisms.
|
['Animals', 'Attitude', 'Biological Evolution', 'Female', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Male', 'Prejudice', 'Social Behavior', 'Social Perception']
| 21,280,966
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.100'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['F01.145.813.550', 'F01.829.595'], ['F01.145.813'], ['F02.463.593.752']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A predictive model for diagnosing bipolar disorder based on the clinical characteristics of major depressive episodes in Chinese population.
|
BACKGROUND: A correct timely diagnosis of bipolar depression remains a big challenge for clinicians. This study aimed to develop a clinical characteristic based model to predict the diagnosis of bipolar disorder among patients with current major depressive episodes.METHODS: A prospective study was carried out on 344 patients with current major depressive episodes, with 268 completing 1-year follow-up. Data were collected through structured interviews. Univariate binary logistic regression was conducted to select potential predictive variables among 19 initial variables, and then multivariate binary logistic regression was performed to analyze the combination of risk factors and build a predictive model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted.RESULTS: Of 19 initial variables, 13 variables were preliminarily selected, and then forward stepwise exercise produced a final model consisting of 6 variables: age at first onset, maximum duration of depressive episodes, somatalgia, hypersomnia, diurnal variation of mood, irritability. The correct prediction rate of this model was 78% (95%CI: 75%-86%) and the area under the ROC curve was 0.85 (95%CI: 0.80-0.90). The cut-off point for age at first onset was 28.5 years old, while the cut-off point for maximum duration of depressive episode was 7.5 months.LIMITATIONS: The limitations of this study include small sample size, relatively short follow-up period and lack of treatment information.CONCLUSION: Our predictive models based on six clinical characteristics of major depressive episodes prove to be robust and can help differentiate bipolar depression from unipolar depression.
|
['Adult', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'China', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Irritable Mood', 'Male', 'Models, Psychological', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reference Values', 'Risk Factors']
| 21,684,010
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.084.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['F03.600.300'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.470.047.110'], ['E05.599.695'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Somatic culture and HIV protection strategies of heterosexual men].
|
OBJECTIVES: This qualitative study examines the association between the somatic culture of heterosexual men and their choice of a protection strategy against HIV/Aids.METHODS: Verbal data was generated in 23 specific interviews with Swiss German men in the age between 25 and 65 years. The analysis was based on an integration of open coding and documentary interpretation. Contrasting and systematic comparison of the cases led to a classification into types, on the basis of which the major research question could be examined.RESULTS: The study identifies four different types of somatic cultures and demonstrates that they are highly relevant for the choice of a protection strategy against HIV/Aids.CONCLUSIONS: By introducing the concept of somatic culture as a explanatory factor, this study represents an important addition to the socio-cognitive models of protection and risk behaviour in HIV/Aids. It contributes to a theoretically broader understanding and better targeted prevention for heterosexual men.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Body Image', 'Condoms', 'Culture', 'HIV Infections', 'Heterosexuality', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Research', 'Risk-Taking', 'Sex Factors']
| 12,642,997
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['E07.190.270.150'], ['I01.076.201.450', 'I01.880.853.100'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['F01.145.802.975.400', 'G08.686.867.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644'], ['F01.145.722'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Accuracy of the DriveABLE cognitive assessment to determine cognitive fitness to drive.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of the DriveABLE In-Office cognitive assessment in predicting cognitively impaired drivers' performance on the DriveABLE On-Road Evaluation (DORE).DESIGN: Retrospective study comparing data from DriveABLE In-Office cognitive assessment outcomes with DORE outcomes.SETTING: Nineteen of the locations in North America providing the DriveABLE assessment between the years 2007 and 2010.PARTICIPANTS: Database records from 3662 patients (2639 men, mean age 74.1 years, range 18 to 99 years of age; 1023 women, mean age 73.5 years, range 18 to 94 years of age) with suspected or confirmed cognitive impairment. All patients were referred for DriveABLE evaluation and received both the In-Office cognitive assessment and, regardless of the In-Office test results, the DORE. This is a subset of the database because typically the DriveABLE In-Office cognitive assessment serves as the cognitive assessment and only those whose results are in the indeterminate range go on to complete the road test (ie, DORE).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Accuracy of the In-Office assessment for predicting the outcome of the DORE.RESULTS: For the total sample, the error rate for predicting actual performance on the road test was 1.7% for pass predictions and 5.6% for fail predictions. Notably, these low error rates were consistent across the 4 years. On the basis of performance on the In-Office cognitive assessment, pass or fail decisions could have been made for more than half of the referrals, reducing the need to take dangerous drivers on the road and reducing the cost of the assessment process for patients and the system.CONCLUSION: The accuracy of the DriveABLE In-Office cognitive assessment was evaluated in the context of normal clinical referral processes, with a large sample of referrals during a 4-year period and from multiple sites. The high and stable accuracy rates provide the evidence physicians need to be confident in using the recommendations from the DriveABLE cognitive evaluation to assist them in making evidence-based decisions about their patients' ability to continue driving.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Automobile Driver Examination', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychological Tests', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 23,486,817
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['I03.125.299'], ['F03.615.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Evaluation of stress in the dental team].
|
With this kind of research the authors tried to evaluate if there is any relation between working activity and stress of the dental operators. They used the EGG pattern as parameter to measure the stress in order to consider both, the cardiac frequency and the possible arising of arrhythmia. Using the dynamic EGG method according to Holter, the pattern of a physician and two assistants have been registered during two working weeks. The results show the intensity of the emotional involvement of the team with particular reference to the surgery activity.
|
['Dental Staff', 'Electrocardiography', 'Humans', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 2,517,897
|
[['M01.526.485.290', 'N02.360.290'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of the odor of breast milk on the time needed for transition from gavage to total oral feeding in preterm infants.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the application of the odor of breast milk in preterm infants during gavage feeding on the period of transition to total oral feeding.DESIGN: This prospective experimental study was performed on a total of 80 preterm infants: 40 infants in the study group and 40 in the control group.METHODS: This experimental study was performed in eastern Turkey at the Neonatal Intensive Care and Premature Unit of a university hospital between September 2007 and December 2008. The demographic data were collected via a questionnaire, and an intervention and follow-up table was prepared by the researcher based on relevant literature. The study was approved by the local institution, and written informed consent was obtained from all parents.FINDINGS: The findings of the study indicated that the preterm infants who were stimulated by the odor of breast milk during gavage feeding transitioned to oral feeding 3 days earlier than control subjects. Moreover, the mean hospitalization time of these infants was 4 days shorter.CONCLUSIONS: The results show that stimulation with breast milk odor is an effective method for decreasing transition of preterm infants from gavage to oral feeding.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nurses can train mothers to pump their breast milk, stimulate their infants with the odor of their breast milk, and feed it to their infants in the premature unit. This may lead to a quicker transition to oral feeding.
|
['Breast Feeding', 'Enteral Nutrition', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Male', 'Milk, Human', 'Odorants', 'Prospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Turkey']
| 21,884,372
|
[['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['A12.200.467', 'A12.790.500', 'G07.203.100.700.500', 'G07.203.300.350.525.500', 'J02.200.700.500', 'J02.500.350.525.500'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mapping of a locus for unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli.
|
A mutation affecting unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli has been mapped. This mutation, which is in the fabB locus, lies between the aroC and purF loci.
|
['Chromosome Mapping', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'Culture Media', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fatty Acids, Essential', 'Genetics, Microbial', 'Mutation', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Transduction, Genetic']
| 4,912,528
|
[['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.281'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D10.251.355.310'], ['H01.158.273.343.330', 'H01.158.273.540.367'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.728'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The breakdown of spectrin produced by ultrasonication.
|
The application of carefully controlled ultrasonication to human erythrocyte membranes (ghosts) has been found to produce a selective breakdown of the two spectrin polypeptides. This breakdown increases with the time and the intensity of ultrasonication. The 240 000 molecular weight spectrin polypeptide is slightly more susceptible to ultrasonication than the 220 000 molecular weight polypeptide. Isolated spectrin behaves in an identical manner when ultrasonicated. When highly purified samples of spectrin are ultrasonicated the progressive reduction of the molecular weight of the products with increasing time is clearly apparent.
|
['Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Weight', 'Sonication', 'Spectrin']
| 656,464
|
[['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['G02.494'], ['E05.848'], ['D12.776.220.980', 'D12.776.543.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae as an agent of urinary tract infections - a laboratory experience from 2010 to 2014 and further characterization of strains.
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a rare cause of urinary tract infection. Between January 2010 and December 2014, 26 urine samples from 18 different patients contained S. pneumoniae at the Department for Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heidelberg. Patient age varied between three and 72 years. 13 patients were male and five were female. Past medical histories of 16 patients were available. Eight patients had a past medical history of renal transplant and four patients had other renal dysfunctions. Further analyses of the isolates revealed that the aspect of colonies is more resembling S. mitis than invasive isolates of S. pneumoniae. Optochin disk diameters tend to be 14 mm or smaller. Identification using MALDI-TOF or VITEK2 identification cards was accurate. Only 2 isolates showed a decreased susceptibility towards penicillin (MIC = 0.5 mg/L). Eight different serotypes were identified using a PCR approach as well Neufeld-Quellungs reaction.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumococcal Infections', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Young Adult']
| 27,342,781
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.670'], ['E05.196.566.755'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.550', 'B03.510.400.800.872.550', 'B03.510.550.737.872.550'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Treosulfan based reduced toxicity conditioning followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with myelofibrosis.
|
Allogeneic transplantation is the only potentially curative strategy for myelofibrosis, even in the era of new drugs that so far only mitigate symptoms. The choice to proceed to allogeneic transplantation is based on several variables including age, disease phase, degree of splenomegaly, donor availability, comorbidities and iron overload. These factors, along with conditioning regimen and time to transplantation, may influence the outcome of ASCT. We report 14 patients affected by myelofibrosis with a median age of 57 years (range, 41-76) receiving a treosulfan-fludarabine based reduced toxicity conditioning. Patients (pts) received a stem cell transplantation from an HLA identical (n = 10) or matched unrelated donor (n = 4). All pts had a complete myeloablation followed by engraftment and in 12 out of 13 evaluated pts donor chimerism was 100% at 1 month. In most cases a reduction of splenomegaly and a reduction (or resolution) of bone marrow fibrosis was observed. After a median follow-up of 39 months (range, 3-106), the 3-year probability of overall survival and disease free survival was 54 +/- 14% and 46 +/- 14%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality at 2 years was 39 +/- 15%. Causes of non-relapse mortality were: infection (n = 2), GvHD (n = 2) and haemorrhage (n = 1). We can conclude that a treosulfan and fludarabine based conditioning has a potent myeloablative and anti-disease activity although non-relapse mortality remains high in this challenging clinical setting. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
['Aged', 'Allografts', 'Busulfan', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Primary Myelofibrosis', 'Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Survival Rate', 'Transplantation Conditioning', 'Unrelated Donors', 'Vidarabine']
| 25,469,485
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A01.941.500'], ['D02.033.455.125.125', 'D02.455.326.146.100.050.500.100', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.510.100'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.190.636.765'], ['E02.095.147.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800'], ['M01.898.828'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138.900', 'D13.570.065.950', 'D13.570.583.138.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of clinical outcome between high and low baseline anti-ABO antibody titers in ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation.
|
High baseline anti-ABO antibody titer is still an important obstacle for successful ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation (ABO IKT). This study aims to investigate the clinical outcome of ABO IKT in patients with a high baseline titer in comparison with patients with a low baseline titer. Fourteen patients who received ABO IKT at our center were classified as the high-titer group (?1:256, n = 8) or the low-titer group (?1:128, n = 6). We used a protocol composed of rituximab, plasmapheresis, and intravenous immunoglobulin (RTX/PP/IVIG). We compared the intensity of preparation, complications, and clinical outcome between the two groups. The high-titer group required more sessions of pretransplant (10.5 ± 3.5 vs. 6.0 ± 1.3 times, p = 0.01) and posttransplant (1.6 ± 1.8 vs. 0 ± 0 times) PP/IVIG than the low-titer group did. All patients from both groups showed immediate recovery of graft function. The antibody titer and allograft function in the high-titer group were stable and did not differ significantly from those of the low-titer group up to 1 year after kidney transplantation. There was no antibody-mediated rejection in either group during follow-up, but three cases of acute cellular rejection developed in the high-titer group. The high-titer group showed two cases of opportunistic viral infection (herpes gingivitis and cytomegalovirus viremia) and one case of graft loss due to postoperative bleeding. ABO IKT can be safely performed even in patients with a high baseline anti-ABO antibody titer, but the risk for infection and bleeding should be considered before transplantation.
|
['ABO Blood-Group System', 'Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isoantibodies', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Lymphocyte Count', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Period', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,332,336
|
[['D23.050.301.290.031', 'D23.050.705.230.031'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.664', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.664', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.664'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500', 'G04.140.107.595.500', 'G09.188.105.595.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Validation of flavonoids as potential dipeptidyl peptidase III inhibitors: Experimental and computational approach.
|
Fifteen flavonoids were studied for their inhibitory activity against human dipeptidyl peptidase III (hDPP III) combining an in vitro assay with an in silico molecular modeling study. All analyzed flavonoids showed inhibitory effects against hDPP III with the IC50 values ranging from 22.0 to 437.2 ìm. Our 3D QSAR studies indicate that the presence of hydrophilic regions at a flavonoid molecule increases its inhibitory activity, while the higher percentage of hydrophobic surfaces has negative impact on enzyme inhibition. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the complex of hDPP III with one of the most potent inhibitors, luteolin, were performed, and binding mode analysis revealed that the 3' and 4' hydroxyl group on B-ring as well as 5 and 7 hydroxyl group on A-ring helps luteolin to interact with the Asn391, Asn406, Tyr417, His450, Glu451, Val447, Glu512, Asn545, Gln566, and Arg572 residues. The MD results clearly provide valuable information explaining the importance of flavonoid hydroxyl groups in the mechanism for the binding pattern at the active site of hDPP III.
|
['Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases', 'Flavonoids', 'Humans', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 27,754,592
|
[['D08.811.277.656.350.350'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.409'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['G02.111.830.500', 'G07.690.773.997.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Activity of (des-Aspartyl1)-angiotensin II and angiotensin II in man. Differences in blood pressure and adrenocortical response during normal and low sodium intake.
|
This study was designed to compare the effect of [des-Aspartyl(1)]-angiotensin II ([des-Asp]-A II) and angiotensin II (A II) on blood pressure and aldosterone production in man under conditions of normal and low sodium (Na) intake. Seven normal male subjects in balance on constant normal Na intake (U(Na) V 160.3+/-5.0 meq/24 h) for 5 days received A II and [des-Asp]-A II infusions on two consecutive days; 1 mo later they were restudied after 5 days of low Na intake (U(Na) V 10.5+/-1.6 meq/24 h). Each dose was infused for 30 min, sequentially. During normal Na intake, [des-Asp]-A II from 2 to 18 pmol/kg per min increased mean blood pressure from 85.2+/-3 to 95.3+/-5 mm Hg and plasma aldosterone concentration from 5.2+/-1.1 to 14.3+/-1.9 ng/100 ml. During low Na intake, the same dose of [des-Asp]-A II increased mean blood pressure from 83.7+/-3 to 86.7+/-3 mm Hg and plasma aldosterone concentration from 34.4+/-6.0 to 51.0+/-8.2 ng/100 ml. In contrast, A II from 2 to 6 pmol/kg per min during normal Na intake increased mean blood pressure from 83.3+/-4 to 102.3+/-4 mm Hg and plasma aldosterone concentration from 7.0+/-2.2 to 26.8+/-2.0 ng/100 ml; during low Na intake, A II increased mean blood pressure from 83.0+/-3 to 96.0+/-4 mm Hg and plasma aldosterone concentration from 42.0+/-9.7 to 102.2+/-15.4 ng/100 ml. A II and [des-Asp]-A II were equally effective in suppressing renin release. Plasma cortisol and Na and K concentration did not change. The effects of two doses (2 and 6 pmol/kg per min) of each peptide on blood pressure and aldosterone production were evaluated. During normal Na intake, [des-Asp]-A II had 11-36% of the pressor activity and 15-30% of the steroidogenic activity of A II. Na deprivation attenuated the pressor response and sensitized the adrenal cortex to both peptides, but the increase in steroidogenesis was greater with [des-Asp]-A II than with A II. The dose-response curves for [des-Asp]-A II with respect to blood pressure and aldosterone production were not parallel, and although no maximum was established for A II, [des-Asp]-A II was less efficacious.In summary, (a) [des-Asp]-A II has biologic activity in man, (b) [des-Asp]-A II is less efficacious than A II in stimulating aldosterone production, (c) Na deprivation sensitizes the adrenal cortex more markedly to [des-Asp]-A II than A II, and (d) dose-response curves for the two peptides differ, suggesting the possibility that they act at different receptor sites in vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal cortex.
|
['Adrenal Glands', 'Adult', 'Aldosterone', 'Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Diet, Sodium-Restricted', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Male', 'Nephrectomy', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Renin']
| 338,631
|
[['A06.300.071'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.062', 'D06.472.040.585.353.118'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E02.642.249.290', 'G07.203.650.240.290'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Indirect and direct perceived behavioral control and the role of intention in the context of birth control behavior.
|
Unintended pregnancies can have negative consequences for both mother and child. The focus of this study was to utilize perceived behavioral control measures (PBC; part of the theory of planned behavior) to identify relevant behavioral determinants of birth control use. This study also tested associations between direct and indirect PBC measures and intention of birth control use and between intention and birth control use. The methods included a randomly selected sample of patients at a health care system in the Upper Midwest who were sent a self-administered survey, with 190 non-pregnant women returning completed surveys. Participants indicated a high level of control over using birth control, and a significant positive correlation was observed between direct and indirect PBC measures. Participants also reported high intentions to use birth control, and a significant positive correlation was observed between intention and PBC. Additionally, both PBC measures and intention were independently and significantly associated with behavior, and PBC remained significantly associated with behavior when intention was added into the model. In conclusion, compared to the previous literature, this study is unique in that it examines indirect PBC measures and also the important role that PBC plays with actual birth control behavior.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Contraception', 'Contraception Behavior', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Humans', 'Intention', 'Middle Aged', 'Perception', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Unwanted', 'Psychological Theory', 'Random Allocation', 'Reproductive Health', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States', "Women's Health"]
| 25,421,330
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['E02.875.194'], ['F01.145.688.500', 'G08.686.784.891.500'], ['F01.145.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.650', 'F02.463.306'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.463.593'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.580'], ['F02.739'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['N01.400.625'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N01.400.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Short-term effect of dexamethasone on fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes.
|
The short-term effect of dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, on both fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis has been investigated in rat hepatocyte cultures. Within 4h following hormone addition to the cultures, a noticeable stimulation of labelled acetate incorporation into fatty acids was observed. Similar behaviour was noticed when [3H]H2O was used as an independent index of the lipogenic activity. In the same cultures, however, cholesterol synthesis from both [14C]acetate or [3H]H2O was significantly reduced by dexamethasone addition. In these conditions, no significative variation of cholesterol synthesis starting from labelled mevalonate was observed.
|
['Acetates', 'Animals', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cholesterol', 'Dexamethasone', 'Fatty Acids', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Tritium']
| 9,556,212
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.150.075.328', 'D01.496.123.328', 'D01.496.749.154'], ['A11.251'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['D10.251'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['G03.458'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Leadership by Fire: Stephanie Stephens New Texas Medicaid, CHIP Director.
|
Stephanie Stephens received a not-so-welcome gift entering her new job running Medicaid operations for the nation's second-largest state: A global pandemic. In that sense, the universe wasn't easy on Ms. Stephens, the new director of Medicaid and CHIP for the Texas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC).
|
['COVID-19', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Female', 'Global Health', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Services Administration', 'History, 21st Century', 'Humans', 'Leadership', 'Medicaid', 'Pandemics', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'Quality Improvement', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Texas', 'United States']
| 32,866,274
|
[['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['H02.403.371', 'N01.400.337'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['H02.269', 'N04'], ['K01.400.504.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.609'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.655', 'N03.706.615.693'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['J01.293.754', 'N04.761.744'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
One-pot fabrication of noble-metal nanoparticles that are encapsulated in hollow silica nanospheres: dual roles of poly(acrylic acid).
|
An efficient and facile one-pot method was developed to fabricate noble-metal nanoparticles (NMNs; Au, Pt, PdO and Ag) that were encapsulated within hollow silica nanospheres (HSNs; NMNs@HSNs) with a size of about 100 nm. NMNs@HSNs were afforded in very high yields between 85-95 %. Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) polyelectrolyte played a dual role in the fabrication process, both as a core template of the HSNs and as a captor of the NMNs through coordination interactions between the COO(-) groups on the ammonium polyacrylate (APA) polyanionic chains and the empty orbital of the Au atom. The amount of Au loading in Au@HSNs was easily regulated by varying the volume of the HAuCl(4) solution added. In addition, these rattle-type particles were successfully applied in the catalytic reduction of 2-nitroaniline (2-NA) as a model reaction, thus indicating that the micropores in the silica shell could achieve the transport of small species--with a size smaller than that of the micropores--into the cavity. Thus, these fabricated NMNs@HSNs have promising applications in catalysis.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Gold', 'Nanoparticles', 'Nanospheres', 'Silicon Dioxide']
| 22,581,410
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['E07.595', 'J01.637.512.600.612'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Women and AIDS: an analysis of media misrepresentations.
|
A close reading of popular discourses on women and the AIDS epidemic reveals the ways in which such depictions produce and reiterate power-laden notions of normative sexuality. Prostitutes, one frequently depicted 'kind' of woman, are presented as indiscriminate, polluting to men and categorically different from 'normal' women. Other women depicted in AIDS discourses are almost always HIV-positive mothers or pregnant women; these women are usually only of concern insofar as they may infect their babies. The themes of self-control, self-discipline and personal responsibility may also stigmatize women. Such discourses suggest that those who have AIDS are responsible for their own illness. They also deflect attention away from the socioeconomic contexts that may make it more difficult for some to avoid infection, away from the connections between poverty, illness and disempowerment, and away from systematic inequalities that characterize U.S. society.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical', 'Mass Media', 'Mothers', 'Poverty', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Prejudice', 'Sex Work', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Social Responsibility', 'Social Values', 'United States', "Women's Health", "Women's Rights"]
| 8,745,108
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.335.875'], ['L01.178.590'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['I01.880.735.634', 'I01.880.853.996.535', 'N01.824.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['F01.145.813.550', 'F01.829.595'], ['F01.145.802.790', 'I01.880.735.679'], ['F01.145.802'], ['F01.829.500.760', 'K01.752.566.869'], ['F01.829.873'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N01.400.900'], ['I01.880.604.473.850', 'N03.706.437.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Transient, nonlethal expression of genes in vertebrate cells by recombinant entomopoxviruses.
|
The group B entomopoxvirus (EPV) from Amsacta moorei (AmEPV) productively infects only insect cells. A series of AmEPV-lacZ recombinants was constructed in which the lacZ gene was regulated by either late (the AmEPV spheroidin or the cowpox virus A-type inclusion [ATI]) or early (the AmEPV esp [early strong promoter; derived from a 42-kDa AmEPV protein] or the Melolontha melolontha EPV fusolin, fus) virus promoters. When the AmEPV recombinants were used to infect vertebrate cells, beta-galactosidase expression occurred (in >30% of the cells) when lacZ was regulated by either the fus or esp early promoters but not when lacZ was regulated by the late promoters (spheroidin or ATI). Therefore, AmEPV enters vertebrate cells and undergoes at least a partial uncoating and early, but not late, viral genes are expressed. Neither viral DNA synthesis nor cytopathic effects were observed under any infection conditions. When an AmEPV recombinant virus containing the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) under the control of the esp promoter was used to infect vertebrate cells at a low multiplicity of infection, single fluorescent cells resulted, which continued to divide over a period of several days, ultimately forming fluorescent cell clusters, suggesting that vertebrate cells survive the infection and continue to grow. Therefore, AmEPV may prove to be a highly efficient, nontoxic method of gene delivery into vertebrate cells for transient gene expression.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Viral', 'Entomopoxvirinae', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Lac Operon', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Vertebrates', 'Virion', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 9,371,619
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['B04.280.650.250', 'B04.525.250'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.686.545', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.545'], ['G05.728'], ['A11.251.860'], ['B01.050.150.900'], ['A21.249'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prostate Cancer Metastases to Inguinal Lymph Nodes Detected by Attenuation-Corrected 11C-Acetate PET/CT.
|
The inguinal lymph nodes are an unusual site of metastases for prostate adenocarcinoma. We present a case in which a 61-y-old man with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer underwent attenuation-corrected (11)C-acetate PET/CT, which demonstrated multiple foci of increased activity in the left inguinal, left iliac chain, and right inguinal regions. The attenuation-corrected CT portion of the scan also showed anterior wall thickening of the rectum. The imaging findings were suggestive of metastatic involvement of the rectum below the dentate line with subsequent spread to the inguinal lymph nodes.
|
['Acetates', 'Carbon', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Prostatic Neoplasms']
| 26,111,708
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['D01.268.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of background loading on perception of inspiratory loads.
|
The effect of background loading on magnitude estimation of added elastic and resistive inspiratory loads was determined. An analogous study involving estimation of the heaviness of weights in the hand was also performed. Perceptual performance was assessed using Stevens' power law psi = k phi n, where psi is the subjective magnitude, phi is the peak mouth pressure generated with an inspiratory load or the weight of the load in grams for the heaviness estimation, and the exponent n characterizes perceptual performance. The value of n was determined for the control and background conditions for each study. The results for both inspiratory loading studies and the heaviness estimation experiment indicate that background loading is associated with a significant increase in the exponent for magnitude estimation (P less than 0.05). Adjustment of the stimulus scale by subtracting the difference in peak mouth pressures generated during resting breathing between control and background-loaded conditions for the inspiratory loading studies, or the weight of the background load in the heaviness estimation experiment, converted the exponents obtained under background-loaded conditions to values that were not significantly different from those for control (P greater than 0.05). These results are consistent with the theory suggesting that an increase in detection threshold, produced by the background load, is responsible for the increase in exponent for magnitude estimation.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mathematics', 'Perception', 'Regression Analysis', 'Work of Breathing']
| 6,706,751
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.548'], ['F02.463.593'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E01.370.386.700.975', 'G09.772.965']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The subtalar angle: a proposed measure of rearfoot structure.
|
The purpose of this study was to propose a new measure of rearfoot structure to further enhance the understanding of the function of the foot. Landmarks visible on sagittal plane radiographs were used to represent the approximate direction of the subtalar joint axis in the sagittal plane based upon descriptions from the literature of its orientation. Four landmarks were chosen, resulting in four calculated angles. One hundred lateral view radiographs were analyzed. The mean values ranged from 28.7 degrees to 47.7 degrees. These values are within the ranges reported from both cadaver and in vivo studies. Tests of repeatability of the measures resulted in intraclass coefficient values between 0.94 and 0.98, suggesting good reliability. All four angles correlated highly among each other (r = 0.88-0.97). Examination of the validity of any one of these measures is left to those who are able to accurately calculate the orientation of the subtalar joint axis.
|
['Foot', 'Humans', 'Radiography', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Subtalar Joint', 'Tarsal Bones']
| 8,863,031
|
[['A01.378.610.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['A02.835.583.378.831.780'], ['A02.835.232.043.300.710']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Psychological impact of first-trimester prevention for preeclampsia on anxiety.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine whether a first-trimester strategy of secondary prevention for preeclampsia increases anxiety in pregnant women.METHODS: The anxiety levels of a cohort of women screened for preeclampsia at first trimester were measured by the Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) and compared between women screened as low and high risk. In a subgroup of women, the anxiety levels were additionally measured at second and third trimester. A General Linear Model (GLM) for repeated measurements was performed to adjust for potential confounders (age, nulliparity and socio-economic level).RESULTS: A total of 255 women (135 low-risk and 120 high-risk) were evaluated. No differences were found in the mean STAI-S scores between low-risk and high-risk women: 35 (SD 9.9) and 34.6 (SD 10.1); p = 0.77. The proportion of women with high anxiety was not significantly different between groups (28/134 [20.7%] vs 24/120 [20%]; p = 0.88). No differences were found in the subgroups (51 low-risk and 50 high-risk) in which the anxiety levels were also measured at second and third trimester: 35.8 (SD 8.8) vs 35.2 (SD 9.7), p = 0.74, and 37.2 (SD 9.4) vs 35.3 (SD 8.6), p = 0.3. These differences remained non-significant after adjustment for potential confounders.CONCLUSION: A strategy of first-trimester screening for preeclampsia does not increase maternal anxiety.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Mothers', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'Risk Assessment', 'Secondary Prevention']
| 25,156,501
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.408'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of orientation on quantification of muscle creatine by 1H MR spectroscopy.
|
Creatine is a central energy metabolite whose N-CH3 group can be detected with 1H MR spectroscopy (1H MRS) with relatively high sensitivity. Prior studies suggest that muscle fiber orientation can influence the appearance of other resonances attributed to total creatine (CR). Our purpose was to determine whether muscle fiber orientation affects muscle CR concentration quantification by 1H MRS with the commonly used N-CH3 resonance at 3.0 ppm. Skeletal muscle CR was quantified with water-referenced 1H MRS in normal subjects with different forearm muscle orientations relative to the static magnetic field at 1.5T. There were no significant differences in mean total [CR] in two different series of experiments separately including two orthogonal orientations and four orientations (0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees) of the forearm relative to the static field using either short (TE = 15 ms) or long (TE = 100 ms) echo times for voxels containing or centered on the same tissues. Subtle differences in CR line-width and T2 correction factors were observed with orientation. These observations are consistent with the primary hypothesis that careful water-referenced [CR] quantification, accounting for T2 effects and using the N-CH3 peak at 3.0ppm, is not affected by muscle orientation.
|
['Creatine', 'Forearm', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle, Skeletal']
| 12,878,267
|
[['D02.078.370.280', 'D12.125.373'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Digestant effects of a new digestive enzyme capsule, Excelase, on jejunectomized and pancreato-jejunectomized Beagle dogs (author's transl)].
|
The digestant effects of a new digestive capsule, excelase containing sanactase, proctase, meicelase, olipase-2S and pancreatic digestive enzyme TA, were investigated in vivo. Jejunectomy and pancreato-jejunectomy were performed to cause an artificial disturbance of gastro-intestinal digestion and absorption in Beagle dogs. Absorption of protein and fat was measured using chromic oxide as an indicator. Excelase (3 capsules/dog/day) was given orally to Beagle dogs 1 week after each operation for 7 weeks. Changes in body weight and absorption of protein and fat were observed during the administration. The decrease in body weight of dogs treated with excelase fully recovered, however, that of controls remained even 8 weeks after the surgery. Absorption of protein and fat in the groups of dogs treated with excelase was greatly improved as compared with controls. The digestant effects of excelase on percent absorption of protein and fat were more manifest in pancreato-jejunectomized dogs than in jejunectomized dogs. These results indicate that excelase is effective for gastro-intestinal disturbances of digestion and absorption. The digestant effects of excelase on starch, protein and cellulose were also investigated in vitro using a gastro-intestinal model.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Dietary Fats', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Digestion', 'Dogs', 'Enzymes', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Agents', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Jejunum', 'Malabsorption Syndromes', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Pancreatectomy']
| 25,233
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['G07.203.650.250', 'G10.261.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D08.811'], ['D27.505.954.483'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.481'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['C06.405.469.637', 'C18.452.603'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E04.210.752']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of three behavioural economics 'nudges' on grocery and convenience store sales of promoted nutritious foods.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between three behavioural economics 'nudges' and store sales of promoted healthier foods.DESIGN: Multiple interrupted time series.SETTING: Two predominantly rural counties in central North Carolina, USA.PARTICIPANTS: Aggregated store transaction data from two grocery stores (one intervention, one control) and two convenience stores (one intervention, one control) were analysed using ANOVA to examine the association between three 'nudges' and store sales of promoted items. The nudges included: a 'cognitive fatigue' experiment, in which floor arrows guided customers to the produce sections; a 'scarcity' experiment, in which one sign in one area of the produce section portrayed a 'limited amount' message; and a 'product placement' experiment, where granola bars were moved into the candy bar aisle.RESULTS: In convenience stores, there were no significant differences between sales of the promoted items during the intervention period for any of the nudges when implemented individually. However, compared with baseline sales, implementation of all three nudges simultaneously was associated with an increase in sales during the intervention period based on proportional computations (P = 0·001), whereas no significant changes in sales were observed in the control convenience store. Among the grocery stores, there were no significant differences in sales during the intervention period for any of the nudges or the combined intervention compared with baseline sales.CONCLUSIONS: Implementing three nudges concurrently in a convenience store setting may increase sales of promoted items. However, before stores consider implementing these nudges to increase sales of nutritious foods, additional research is warranted.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Choice Behavior', 'Commerce', 'Consumer Behavior', 'Diet', 'Economics, Behavioral', 'Female', 'Food', 'Food Preferences', 'Food Supply', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'North Carolina', 'Nutritive Value', 'Rural Population', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 31,331,404
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['J01.219'], ['F01.145.236'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['F04.096.628.286', 'N03.219.215'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['J01.576.423.750'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.475', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.530'], ['G07.203.650.660', 'J01.576.423.850.730.750', 'N06.850.601.750'], ['N01.600.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A phenomenologic assessment of relapsing MS patients' experiences during treatment with interferon beta-1a.
|
The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) who are being treated with interferon beta-1a. MS patients often experience fear and uncertainty about their future and derive benefit from understanding their diagnosis as well as learning about their anticipated disease course. Interferon beta-1a treatment can delay the accumulation of physical disability that naturally occurs over time in patients with untreated relapsing MS and thus offer hope for their future. However, patients may be afraid to start interferon beta-1a because they do not know what to expect. To answer the question, "What is the patient's experience on interferon beta-1a," we used Heideggerian phenomenologic and Colaizzi's qualitative data analysis techniques to interpret serial interviews of 15 patients with relapsing MS. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed by using the Martin qualitative data analysis computer program. The theme clusters that emerged were learning, feelings, adaptation, and interferon beta-1a issues. An exhaustive description of the phenomena that were derived illustrates the patients' process of learning about their illness and adapting to changes in their lives. Starting a new treatment requires coping and challenges use of resources. Social support is vital to patients, particularly those who have difficulty injecting themselves. Most of the patients expressed a sense of improvement in their condition since starting on interferon beta-1a treatment and considered it crucial to their hope for the future.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Interferon beta-1a', 'Interferon-beta', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Sick Role', 'Social Support']
| 11,668,882
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.275.500', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.275.500', 'D23.529.374.440.890.275.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.275', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.275', 'D23.529.374.440.890.275'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500.600', 'C10.314.350.500.600', 'C20.111.258.250.500.600'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['F01.829.316.616.751'], ['I01.880.853.500.600']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of pancreatic neurotomy on regeneration of residual pancreas after major pancreatectomy in rats.
|
This study was performed to examine the influence of pancreatic neurotomy (N) on pancreatic regeneration after 90% pancreatectomy (P), excluding the parabiliary segment. One hundred and fifty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, consisting of the PN, P, and laparotomy (L) groups. The ratios of wet wt of residual pancreas to body wt in groups with P increased after the procedures. The ratios in the P group reached their maximum at 10 d, and then decreased slightly, whereas those in the PN group rose gradually for a 60 d period. Regarding changes in the labeling indices in autoradiograms using 3H-thymidine and mitotic indices in exocrine cells, those indices in groups with P reached a peak at 3 d after the procedures, and then rapidly declined. Both indices in the PN group were lower during the first 10 d and thereafter higher than those in the P group. These results suggest that following pancreatic neurotomy, the potential for pancreatic regeneration continues over a longer period after major pancreatectomy.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Animals', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Catecholamines', 'Denervation', 'Male', 'Mitotic Index', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatectomy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Regeneration']
| 2,033,317
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.800.050'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['E04.525.210'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.500', 'E05.200.500.385.500', 'E05.242.385.500'], ['A03.734'], ['E04.210.752'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G16.762']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Echingridimer A, an Oxaspiro Dimeric Sesquiterpenoid with a 6/6/5/6/6 Fused Ring System from Echinops grijsii
|
A new dimeric eudesmane sesquiterpenoid with an unreported 6/6/5/6/6 fused carbon skeleton, echingridimer A (1), and five monomers (2-6), including two new compounds (2 and 3), were isolated from the roots of Echinops grijsii. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and confirmed by X-ray crystallography or electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compound 1 represents the first example of a 3,15'-linked Michael-type adduct of two eudesmanes, which feature a unique 1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan moiety. The plausible biogenetic pathway for 1-6 was briefly discussed. The oxaspiro dimer (1) not only showed stronger aphicidal activity than closely related monomeric compounds (2-6) and the commercial aphicide pymetrozine but also exhibited remarkable insecticide activity against a broad range of aphids, thus could be used as a potential biobased insecticide to suppress aphids.
|
['Animals', 'Aphids', 'Asteraceae', 'Dimerization', 'Insecticides', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Sesquiterpenes']
| 31,337,212
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412.165'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D02.455.849.765']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immigrant Latino men in rural communities in the Northwest: social environment and HIV/STI risk.
|
This study explored how migration-related socio-cultural and environmental factors interact to render immigrant Latino men residing in rural Oregon at increased risk for HIV/STI. More specifically, the paper describes the socio-demographic characteristics and sexual risk profile of immigrant Latino men and characterises the physical and socio-cultural contexts in which they reside. In-depth interviews were conducted with 49 men who newly immigrated to the USA and had recently engaged in sexual intercourse with women. Content analysis indicated that job instability and seasonal/industry restrictions resulted in frequent changes in employment and living situations, and one-third of respondents reported having no one to turn to when in need. Over two-fifths had ever had sex with a sex worker, with almost a quarter reporting sex with a sex worker in the past three months. In addition, over half of the men reported that they never, or inconsistently, used condoms. Although respect for wives/girlfriends was valued, loneliness, sexual experimentation and inherent sexual needs were cited as reasons that men have sex outside their primary relationships. Our data support the convergence of risky environments and migration-driven factors in exacerbating STI prevalence and the HIV epidemic among Latino immigrant men residing in the Northwest.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Emigrants and Immigrants', 'HIV Infections', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Northwestern United States', 'Risk Assessment', 'Rural Population', 'Social Environment', 'Young Adult']
| 21,462,005
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.189'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['N01.600.725'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Increased levels of circulating soluble CD14 but not CD83 in infants are associated with early intestinal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus.
|
BACKGROUND: Soluble forms of the monocyte marker CD14 and the mature dendritic cell marker CD83 are plasma proteins with immunoregulatory functions. The physiological stimulus for their production is unclear and their possible role in allergy development is unknown.METHODS: We measured the plasma levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) and soluble CD83 (sCD83) in 64 Swedish children in relation to intestinal bacterial colonization pattern in a prospective birth cohort. Soluble CD14 and sCD83 levels were quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in plasma obtained at birth and at 4, 18 and 36 months of age. All major aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were quantified in faecal samples obtained regularly over the first 8 weeks of life. Clinical allergy and IgE levels were evaluated at 18 months of age.RESULTS: Soluble CD14 in plasma increased during the first 18 months of life while sCD83 peaked at 4 months of age. Children who were perinatally colonized with Staphylococcus aureus had significantly higher levels of sCD14 in plasma at 4 months of age relative to non-colonized children. The levels of sCD14 were unrelated to colonization with Escherichia coli, other enterobacteria, enterococci, clostridia, Bacteroides, bifidobacteria or lactobacilli. Further, children with food allergy by 18 months tended to have lower levels of sCD14 than healthy children. Plasma levels of sCD83 were not related to either bacterial colonization pattern or allergy development.CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal colonization with S. aureus may trigger the occurrence of sCD14 in plasma, which may influence development of the infantile immune system and risk of allergy development.
|
['Antigens, CD', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intestines', 'Lipopolysaccharide Receptors', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 17,210,043
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A03.556.124'], ['D12.776.395.550.448.100', 'D12.776.543.484.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.418.100', 'D12.776.543.750.705.045', 'D23.050.301.264.900.045', 'D23.101.100.900.045'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The expression kinetics of CD137 in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with pegylated-interferon and ribavirin.
|
OBJECTIVE: CD137, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, generates co-stimulatory signals leading to T-cell activation and proliferation for viral eradication. We examined the expression kinetics of CD137 to validate whether it can affect treatment outcomes of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.METHODS: The expression of CD137 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 50 CHC patients and 20 healthy controls was analyzed by flow cytometry. CD137 expression levels were examined before treatment, and every 4 weeks during treatment until week 24 or 48, and at the 24-week follow-up.RESULTS: CD137 expression on PBMC was significantly lower in CHC patients than controls (15.5 ± 7.8% vs 23.4 ± 5.2%; p < 0.05). Patients with sustained virological response (SVR) showed higher level of CD137 expression on PBMC than treatment failures at week 4 (20.11% vs 10.97%; p < 0.05) and week 12 (15.48% vs 5.74%; p < 0.01). CD137 expression on CD4 T cells was also higher in patients with SVR at week 8 (7.75% vs 3.29%; p < 0.05). CD137 expression on PBMC from patients with SVR recovered to the control level at the 24-week follow-up. In multivariate analysis, the increased expression of CD137 at week 4 and genotype non-1 were significantly associated with SVR.CONCLUSIONS: The increased expression of CD137 within 12 weeks after the initiation of interferon therapy might be associated with a successful treatment outcome. Modulation to improve expression of CD137 might improve efficacy of CHC treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antiviral Agents', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Female', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Odds Ratio', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Ribavirin', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9', 'Viral Load', 'Young Adult']
| 22,416,920
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D13.570.800.790'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.220'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Surveys of hospital infection in the Birmingham region. I. Effect of age, sex, length of stay and antibiotic use on nasal carriage of tetracycline-resistant Staphyloccus aureus and on post-operative wound infection.
|
Cross-sectional surveys of infection in relation to ward structure and practice were made in 38 hospitals between 1967 and 1973, including repeat surveys in 12 hospitals. The survey team (a research nurse and a senior microbiologist or technician) visited one ward a day and entered data on patients, including appearance of wounds seen at change of dressings, on the structure of the ward, and on ward practices; bacteriological swabs were taken from noses of all patients and staff of wards visited and from infected or open wounds, also from some environmental sites. Effect of age, sex, length of hospital stay and antibiotic use on carriage of tetracycline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and on post-operative sepsis are considered here.Clinical infection (sepsis), further classified as ;severe', ;moderate' or ;mild' in accordance with a code of physical signs, including inflammation and suppuration, was found in 6.1% of clean undrained operation wounds. Drained wounds and those through hollow, heavily colonized viscera (;contaminated' wounds) had higher sepsis rates than undrained and ;clean' wounds; there was less sepsis with closed drainage and with small drains. Staph. aureus (24%) was the commonest single bacterial species, but gram-negative bacilli (50%) were found in a much larger proportion of septic wounds. The results showed that the infection rate was lowest among patients between 20 and 40 years old. Infection was significantly more common in male than in female patients.Nasal carriage of tetracycline-resistant Staph. aureus, used as an index of hospital-acquired infection, was commonest in geriatric patients and least common in gynaecological patients. There was correlation between nasal carriage of tetracycline-resistant staphylococci and age of the patient, length of hospital stay, sex, (male greater than female), operative treatment, and treatment with tetracycline, ampicillin and nitrofurantoin, but not with penicillin.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross Infection', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'England', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sex Factors', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Tetracycline']
| 269,204
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.875', 'D04.615.562.900.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Expression and clinical significance of pepsinogen C in epithelial ovarian carcinomas.
|
BACKGROUND: Pepsinogen C (pep C) is a gastric aspartic protease of which is associated with a favorable prognosis in breast cancer. Recently, it has been demonstrated in other tumors of extradigestive origin.STUDY DESIGN: We have analyzed pep C expression in 72 epithelial ovarian carcinomas by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Nineteen (26%) tumors stained positively for pep C. Overall this expression was not associated with the clinicopathologic characteristics or with outcome. However, in patients with serum levels of CA 125 less than 35 U/ml, pep C expression identified a group with a more favorable prognosis.CONCLUSION: Pepsinogen C is expressed in a quarter of ovarian carcinomas and might identify a subset of patients with different prognosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'CA-125 Antigen', 'Carcinoma', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Pepsinogen C', 'Predictive Value of Tests']
| 12,128,264
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.395.560.631.050', 'D23.050.285.050.225', 'D23.050.550.325.225', 'D23.101.140.075.225'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D08.622.509.725', 'D12.776.811.243.509.725'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Capture of viable circulating tumor cells in the liver of colorectal cancer patients.
|
BACKGROUND: The incidence and number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients are lower than in other cancer types, which may point to a particular biology of colorectal cancer affecting CTC detection.METHODS: We detected CTCs in the peripheral and mesenteric blood of colorectal cancer patients by use of 2 independent technologies on the basis of different biological properties of colon cancer cells. Seventy-five patients diagnosed with localized (M0, n = 60) and metastatic (M1, n = 15) colorectal cancer were included. Peripheral and mesenteric blood samples were collected before tumor resection. We performed CTC enumeration with an EpCAM-independent enrichment method followed by the Epispot assay that detected only viable CK19-releasing CTCs. In parallel, we used the FDA-cleared EpCAM-dependent CellSearch® as the reference method.RESULTS: The enumeration of CK19-releasing cells by the CK19-Epispot assay revealed viable CTCs in 27 of 41 (65.9%) and 41 of 74 (55.4%) (P = 0.04) patients in mesenteric and peripheral blood, respectively, whereas CellSearch detected CTCs in 19 of 34 (55.9%) and 20 of 69 (29.0%) (P = 0.0046) patients. In mesenteric blood, medians of 4 (range 0-247) and 2.7 CTCs (range 0-286) were found with Epispot and CellSearch (P = 0.2), respectively, whereas in peripheral blood, Epispot and CellSearch detected a median of 1.2 (range 0-92) and 0 CTCs (range 0-147) (P = 0.002).CONCLUSIONS: A considerable portion of viable CTCs detectable by the Epispot assay are trapped in the liver as the first filter organ in CRC patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Colon', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplastic Cells, Circulating', 'Prognosis', 'Rectum']
| 23,695,297
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.642', 'C04.697.650.900', 'C23.550.727.650.900'], ['E01.789'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Exercise duration and mood state: how much is enough to feel better?
|
The effects of exercise duration on mood state were examined. In a repeated-measures design, the Profile of Mood States inventory (D. M. McNair, M. Lorr, & L. F. Droppleman, 1971) was administered before and after 1 quiet resting trial and 3 exercise trials of 10, 20, and 30 min on a bicycle ergometer. Heart rate levels were controlled at 60% of the participant's estimated VO2max level. An overall analysis of variance found improved levels of vigor with reduced levels of confusion, fatigue, and total negative mood. Planned analyses revealed that the improvements in vigor, fatigue, and total mood occurred after 10 min of exercise, with progressive improvements in confusion over 20 min and with no additional improvement over longer periods. These results complement current recommendations, which suggest that to experience positive fitness and health benefits, healthy adults should participate in a total of 30 min of moderate physical exercise daily, accumulated in short bouts throughout the day.
|
['Adult', 'Affect', 'Exercise', 'Humans', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors']
| 11,515,738
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phenylpropanoid glycosides from Heterosmilax erythrantha and their antioxidant activity.
|
By various chromatographic methods, one new phenylpropanoid glycoside, heterosmilaside (1), two known phenylpropanoid glycosides, helonioside B (2), and 2',6'-diacetyl-3,6-diferuloyl sucrose (3), and three known flavonoids, isoquercetin (4), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (5), and quercetin-3-O-(2''-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (6) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the aerial part of Heterosmilax erythrantha Baill. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. All the isolated compounds were tested for antioxidant activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Among them, compounds 5 and 6 showed significant antioxidant activity with SC(50) values of 3.7 and 6.5 microg/mL, respectively.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Glycosides', 'Molecular Structure', 'Picrates', 'Propanols', 'Smilacaceae']
| 19,898,799
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['D09.408'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566.690', 'D02.640.743.690'], ['D02.033.755'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.875.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Correlation between chemosensitivity and mRNA expression level of 5-fluorouracil-related metabolic enzymes during liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.
|
The attainment of chemoresistance during tumor metastasis is often experienced. In this study, we evaluated the correlation between sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the mRNA expression level of several 5-FU-related metabolic enzymes [thymidylate synthase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), thymidylate phosphorylase (TP), orotate phosphoribosyl transferase, and uridine phosphorylase] in primary colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases from ten patients to investigate how colorectal cancer acquires 5-FU resistance during liver metastases. A liver metastasis model of xenotransplanted human colon cancer cell line (HCT116) in nude mice and several cell lines from metastatic liver tumors were also established and analyzed. Chemosensitivity and mRNA expression levels were measured by using collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity tests and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Metastatic liver tumors were significantly more resistant to 5-FU than primary colorectal cancer (T/C, 88.7% versus 69.7%, p<0.05). DPD and TP mRNA levels were significantly higher in metastatic liver tumors (DPD: 10.36+/-1.81 versus 3.95+/-0.99, p<0.01; and TP: 18.80+/-4.96 versus 7.28+/-1.23, p<0.05) and inversely correlated with 5-FU sensitivity (DPD: R=0.570, p<0.05; TP: R=0.600, p<0.05). In the mouse model, metastatic liver tumors were significantly more resistant to 5-FU than HCT116 (T/C, 92.7%, 96.2% versus 68%, p<0.001). The DPD and TP mRNA levels increased with repeated liver metastases. DPD and TP may affect the acquisition of resistance to 5-FU during liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. This mouse model may be useful for analyzing the mechanisms of how colorectal cancer acquires resistance to 5-FU during liver metastases.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Animals', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP)', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Nude', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Neoplastic Stem Cells', 'Orotate Phosphoribosyltransferase', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Thymidine Phosphorylase', 'Thymidylate Synthase', 'Transplantation, Heterologous']
| 16,525,674
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['D08.811.682.660.350'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.624'], ['A11.872.650'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.850.500', 'D23.050.301.500.600.925', 'D23.050.705.552.600.850'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.862'], ['E04.936.764']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Apolipoprotein distribution in human lipoproteins separated by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis.
|
The heterogeneity of serum lipoproteins (excluding very low density (VLDL) and intermediate density (IDL) lipoproteins) and that of lipoproteins secreted by HepG2 cells has been studied by immunoblot analysis of the apolipoprotein composition of the particles separated by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) under nondenaturing conditions. The reactions of antibodies to apoA-I, apoA-II, apoE, apoB, apoD, and apoA-IV have revealed discrete bands of particles which differ widely in size and apolipoprotein composition. GGE of native serum lipoproteins demonstrated that apoA-II is present in lipoproteins of limited size heterogeneity (apparent molecular mass 345,000 to 305,000) and that apoB is present in low density lipoproteins (LDL) and absent from all smaller or denser lipoproteins. In contrast, serum apoA-I, E, D, and A-IV are present in very heterogeneous particles. Serum apoA-I is present mainly in particles of 305 to 130 kDa where it is associated with apoA-II, and in decreasing order of immunoreactivity in particles of 130-90 kDa, 56 kDa, 815-345 kDa, and finally within the size range of LDL, all regions where there is little detectable apoA-II. Serum apoE is present in three defined fractions, one within the size range of LDL, one containing heterogeneous particles between 640 and 345 kDa, and one defined fraction at 96 kDa. Serum apoD is also present in three defined fractions, one comigrating with LDL, one containing heterogeneous particles between 390 and 150 kDa, and one band on the migration front. Most of serum apoA-IV is contained in a band comigrating with albumin. GGE of centrifugally prepared LDL shows the presence of apoB, apoE, and apoD, but not that of apoA-I. However, the particles containing apoA-I, which, in serum, migrated within the LDL size range and as bands of 815 to 345 kDa, were recovered upon centrifugation in the d greater than 1.21 g/ml fraction. GGE of high density lipoproteins (HDL) indicated that most of apoA-I, A-II, and A-IV were present in lipoproteins of the same apparent molecular mass (390-152 kDa). ApoD tended to be associated with large HDL, and this was also significant for HDL apoE, which is present in lipoproteins ranging from 640 to 275 kDa. GGE of very high density lipoproteins (VHDL) presented some striking features, one of which was the occurrence of apolipoproteins in very discrete bands of different molecular mass. ApoA-II was bimodally distributed at 250-175 kDa and 175-136 kDa, the latter fraction also containing apoA-I.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Apolipoproteins', 'Chemical Precipitation', 'Culture Media', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Humans', 'Immunochemistry', 'Lipoproteins', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Lipoproteins, VLDL', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 3,411,236
|
[['D10.532.091', 'D12.776.070.400', 'D12.776.521.120'], ['E05.196.150', 'G02.159'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['D10.532.432', 'D12.776.521.479'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['D10.532.599', 'D12.776.521.622'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Repression of C. elegans microRNA targets at the initiation level of translation requires GW182 proteins.
|
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) repress target genes through a poorly defined antisense mechanism. Cell-free and cell-based assays have supported the idea that miRNAs repress their target mRNAs by blocking initiation of translation, whereas studies in animal models argued against this possibility. We examined endogenous targets of the let-7 miRNA, an important regulator of stem cell fates. We report that let-7 represses translation initiation in Caenorhabditis elegans, demonstrating this mode of action for the first time in an organism. Unexpectedly, although the lin-4 miRNA was previously reported to repress its targets at a step downstream of translation initiation, we also observe repression of translation initiation for this miRNA. This repressive mechanism, which frequently but not always coincides with transcript degradation, requires the GW182 proteins AIN-1 and AIN-2, and acts on several mRNAs targeted by different miRNAs. Our analysis of an expanded set of endogenous miRNA targets therefore indicates widespread repression of translation initiation under physiological conditions and establishes C. elegans as a genetic system for dissection of the underlying mechanisms.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Helminth', 'MicroRNAs', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA Stability', 'Repressor Proteins']
| 19,131,968
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['D12.776.419.500'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.310', 'G05.360.340.337.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G02.111.780'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Parkin regulates translesion DNA synthesis in response to UV radiation.
|
Deficiency of Parkin is a major cause of early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). Notably, PD patients also exhibit a significantly higher risk in melanoma and other skin tumors, while the mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we show that depletion of Parkin causes compromised cell viability and genome stability after ultraviolet (UV) radiation. We demonstrate that Parkin promotes efficient Rad18-dependent proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) monoubiquitination by facilitating the formation of Replication protein A (RPA)-coated ssDNA upon UV radiation. Furthermore, Parkin is found to physically interact with NBS1 (Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1), and to be required for optimal recruitment of NBS1 and DNA polymerase eta (Polç) to UV-induced damage sites. Consequently, depletion of Parkin leads to increased UV-induced mutagenesis. These findings unveil an important role of Parkin in protecting genome stability through positively regulating translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) upon UV damage, providing a novel mechanistic link between Parkin deficiency and predisposition to skin cancers in PD patients.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Knockout Techniques', 'Genomic Instability', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mutagenesis', 'Mutation', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen', 'Protein Binding', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Replication Protein A', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases', 'Ubiquitination', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 28,430,587
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.167'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D12.776.260'], ['E05.393.335.750'], ['C23.550.362', 'G05.365.590.335', 'G05.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.558'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.660.740', 'D23.050.290.750', 'D23.101.140.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['D12.776.260.700'], ['D08.811.464.938.750'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.925', 'G02.111.691.600.775', 'G03.734.871.790.600.831', 'G05.308.670.600.831'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cumulative environmental risk in substance abusing women: early intervention, parenting stress, child abuse potential and child development.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between cumulative environmental risks and early intervention, parenting attitudes, potential for child abuse and child development in substance abusing mothers.METHOD: We studied 161 substance-abusing women, from a randomized longitudinal study of a home based early intervention, who had custody of their children through 18 months. The intervention group received weekly home visits in the first 6 months and biweekly visits from 6 to 18 months. Parenting stress and child abuse potential were assessed at 6 and 18 months postpartum. Children's mental and motor development (Bayley MDI and PDI) and language development (REEL) were assessed at 6, 12, and 18 months postpartum. Ten maternal risk factors were assessed: maternal depression, domestic violence, nondomestic violence, family size, incarceration, no significant other in home, negative life events, psychiatric problems, homelessness, and severity of drug use. Level of risk was recoded into four categories (2 or less, 3, 4, and 5 or more), which had adequate cell sizes for repeated measures analysis.DATA ANALYSIS: Repeated measures analyses were run to examine how level of risk and group (intervention or control) were related to parenting stress, child abuse potential, and children's mental, motor and language development over time.RESULTS: Parenting stress and child abuse potential were higher for women with five risks or more compared with women who had four or fewer risks; children's mental, motor, and language development were not related to level of risk. Children in the intervention group had significantly higher scores on the PDI at 6 and 18 months (107.4 vs. 103.6 and 101.1 vs. 97.2) and had marginally better scores on the MDI at 6 and 12 months (107.7 vs. 104.2 and 103.6 vs. 100.1), compared to the control group.CONCLUSION: Compared to drug-abusing women with fewer than five risks, women with five or more risks found parenting more stressful and indicated greater inclination towards abusive and neglectful behavior, placing their infants at increased risk for poor parenting, abuse and neglect. Early home-based intervention in high-risk families may be beneficial to infant development.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child Abuse', 'Child Development', 'Depression', 'Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)', 'Domestic Violence', 'Female', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Mothers', 'Parenting', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Risk Factors', 'Social Environment', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 14,550,328
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['I01.198.240.856.350.250', 'I01.880.735.900.350.250'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E01.190'], ['I01.198.240.856.350', 'I01.880.735.900.350'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antioxidant and immunoregulatory activity of alkali-extractable polysaccharides from mung bean.
|
Alkali-extractable polysaccharides from the seeds of mung beans and two polysaccharide sub-fractions (MAP-1 and MAP-2) were isolated and purified by anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The average molecular weights (Mws) of MAP-1 and MAP-2 were 94.2 kDa and 60.4 kDa, respectively. Monosaccharide component analysis indicated that MAP-1 was composed of Rha, Ara, Glu, Gal, and GalA in a molar ratio of 1.1:0.4:0.7:0.5:0.3. MAP-2 consisted of Xyl, Rha, Gal, Glu and GalA with a relative molar ratio of 0.4:1.4:1.6:0.5:0.2. Antioxidant assays indicated that both MAP-1 and MAP-2 exhibit significant antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. An in vitro study further showed that MAP-1 and MAP-2 were both able to stimulate the production of secretory molecules (NO, TNF-á and IL-6) by RAW 264.7 murine macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings suggest that the polysaccharides isolated in our study have immunoregulatory effects on macrophages and can be used as a beneficial health food.
|
['Alkalies', 'Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Cell Line', 'Fabaceae', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Molecular Weight', 'Monosaccharides', 'Plant Extracts', 'Polysaccharides', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared']
| 26,712,695
|
[['D01.045'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.494'], ['D09.947.875'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D09.698'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Associations between a parental history of premature cardiovascular disease and coronary artery calcium and carotid intima-media thickness: the Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults (CARDIA) study.
|
BACKGROUND: It is unclear if associations between a parental history of premature CVD (pCVD) and subclinical atherosclerosis are attenuated by adjustment for long-term risk factor levels through middle adulthood.DESIGN: Prospective community-based cohort study.METHODS: CARDIA participants who attended the year-20 exam (n = 2283, mean age 45 years) were grouped by pCVD status: maternal only, paternal only, any parental, and no parental history (referent). We used separate logistic regression models, adjusted for average risk factor levels over a 20-year follow up to assess associations of parental pCVD and subclinical atherosclerosis in offspring.RESULTS: White participants with any parental history of pCVD had a higher odds of coronary artery calcium (CAC) >0 than participants with no parental history (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01-2.37). This was largely driven by the association of a paternal history of pCVD with CAC >0 (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.42-3.23), which was minimally attenuated by multivariable adjustment (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.31-3.32). Similarly, adjusted associations between parental pCVD and intima-media thickness (IMT) >90% were observed in white participants with a paternal history of pCVD (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.10-3.39) and any parental history pCVD (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.02-2.74). No significant associations between a parental history of pCVD and the odds of subclinical atherosclerosis were observed in black participants.CONCLUSIONS: Parental pCVD is independently associated with early development of subclinical atherosclerosis; these associations may be race-specific for participants in their fifth decade of life.
|
['African Americans', 'Age of Onset', 'Aged', 'Asymptomatic Diseases', 'Carotid Artery Diseases', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Logistic Models', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Pedigree', 'Phenotype', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'United States', 'Vascular Calcification']
| 23,027,592
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.187'], ['C10.228.140.300.200', 'C14.907.253.123'], ['E01.370.350.850.150', 'E01.370.370.180', 'G09.330.210'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['C18.452.174.130.780']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dissecting neural pathways for forgetting in Drosophila olfactory aversive memory.
|
Recent studies have identified molecular pathways driving forgetting and supported the notion that forgetting is a biologically active process. The circuit mechanisms of forgetting, however, remain largely unknown. Here we report two sets of Drosophila neurons that account for the rapid forgetting of early olfactory aversive memory. We show that inactivating these neurons inhibits memory decay without altering learning, whereas activating them promotes forgetting. These neurons, including a cluster of dopaminergic neurons (PAM-â'1) and a pair of glutamatergic neurons (MBON-ã4>ã1ã2), terminate in distinct subdomains in the mushroom body and represent parallel neural pathways for regulating forgetting. Interestingly, although activity of these neurons is required for memory decay over time, they are not required for acute forgetting during reversal learning. Our results thus not only establish the presence of multiple neural pathways for forgetting in Drosophila but also suggest the existence of diverse circuit mechanisms of forgetting in different contexts.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Brain', 'Dopamine', 'Dopaminergic Neurons', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Female', 'Glutamine', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Neural Pathways', 'Odorants', 'Olfactory Pathways', 'Phenotype', 'Protein Conformation', 'Smell', 'Transgenes']
| 26,627,257
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['A08.675.278', 'A11.671.270'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['D12.125.068.330', 'D12.125.095.461', 'D12.125.154.424'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['A08.612'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['A08.186.211.180.699', 'A08.612.220.640'], ['G05.695'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['F02.830.816.643', 'G11.561.790.643'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Relationship of periodic leg movements and severity of restless legs syndrome: a study in unmedicated and medicated patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship of the severity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) as assessed by a subjective, patient-rated scale (International RLS Study Group Rating Scale, IRLS), and of periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) as an objective parameter, in two different patient populations.METHODS: Data of 200 unmedicated patients with idiopathic RLS were evaluated. Group 1 (n=100) consisted of selected patients participating in the Pergolide European Australian RLS (PEARLS) study. Group 2 (n=100) represented an outpatient RLS population investigated in a Sleep Disorders Center. Additionally, Group 1 was also evaluated after a 6 week double-blind treatment period, where 47 patients received pergolide and 53 patients placebo.RESULTS: In unmedicated patients, IRLS scores correlated with the PLMS-arousal index (r=0.22, p=0.033) but not with the PLMS index in Group 1 while no correlation was found in Group 2. The change of the IRLS score under treatment in Group 1 correlated significantly both with the change of the PLMS index (r=0.42, p<0.001) and the change of the PLMS-arousal index (r=0.38, p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The IRLS adequately reflects treatment changes of PLMS indices. In unmedicated patients, the IRLS correlates with PLMS indices probably only in selected RLS populations with predefined PSG criteria and high PLM activity.SIGNIFICANCE: The IRLS is an appropriate subjective rating scale for measuring treatment effects in RLS.
|
['Arousal', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome', 'Pergolide', 'Polysomnography', 'Restless Legs Syndrome', 'Sleep']
| 17,531,532
|
[['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.886.425.800.600', 'C10.886.659.618'], ['D03.132.327.287.800', 'D03.633.400.439.800'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['C10.803', 'C10.886.425.800.700', 'C10.886.659.634', 'F03.870.400.800.700', 'F03.870.664.634'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Operational evaluation of high-throughput community-based mass prophylaxis using Just-in-time training.
|
Community-based mass prophylaxis is a core public health operational competency, but staffing needs may overwhelm the local trained health workforce. Just-in-time (JIT) training of emergency staff and computer modeling of workforce requirements represent two complementary approaches to address this logistical problem. Multnomah County, Oregon, conducted a high-throughput point of dispensing (POD) exercise to test JIT training and computer modeling to validate POD staffing estimates. The POD had 84% non-health-care worker staff and processed 500 patients per hour. Post-exercise modeling replicated observed staff utilization levels and queue formation, including development and amelioration of a large medical evaluation queue caused by lengthy processing times and understaffing in the first half-hour of the exercise. The exercise confirmed the feasibility of using JIT training for high-throughput antibiotic dispensing clinics staffed largely by nonmedical professionals. Patient processing times varied over the course of the exercise, with important implications for both staff reallocation and future POD modeling efforts. Overall underutilization of staff revealed the opportunity for greater efficiencies and even higher future throughputs.
|
['Allied Health Personnel', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Community Health Services', 'Computer Simulation', 'Education', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Humans', 'Oregon']
| 17,877,305
|
[['M01.526.485.067', 'N02.360.067'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['N02.421.143'], ['L01.224.160'], ['I02'], ['N02.421.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.580.550']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Dietary changes in Mexico].
|
Although the Mexican population has traditionally been malnourished, the prevalence of obesity in children and adults has increased by almost 50 % in the last 10 years. Recent studies show substantial changes in the nutritional status of Mexicans, especially in the pediatric population. Among the factors associated with the development of obesity are overeating, sedentariness, and genetics. The apparent economic development in Mexico, as well as the influence of dietary patterns from other countries, have contributed to modifying lifestyle. Despite measures taken by the health system, iron- and zinc-deficiency anemia continue to be prevalent. The present review aims to describe the changes that have taken place in Mexico in the last few decades leading to a generation of short and obese children, as well as to determine the associated factors in order to promote healthier eating patterns among the Mexican population.
|
['Body Composition', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Culture', 'Diet', 'Energy Intake', 'Humans', 'Mexico', 'Obesity', 'Vitamins']
| 12,781,113
|
[['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I01.076.201.450', 'I01.880.853.100'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D27.505.696.494.600', 'G07.203.300.681.500.600', 'J02.500.681.500.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
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