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Human antibody response to N-glycans present on plant-made influenza virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines.
|
BACKGROUND: Plant-made biotherapeutics are gathering momentum and some plant glycoproteins are allergens. Glycans with core â1-2xylose and á1,3fucose motifs and antennae terminated by mannose residues (e.g.: MMXF) are found on several plant allergens and can cross-react with glyco-epitopes from other sources. To date, reactivity to these cross-reactive determinants has not been associated with clinical symptoms.OBJECTIVE: We produced VLP vaccines bearing the hemagglutinin(HA) of H5(A/Indonesia/5/05) or H1(A/California/07/09) influenza viruses by transfection of Nicotiana benthamiana. Subjects enrolled in Phase I/II trials were followed for evidence of allergy/hypersensitivity and development of antibodies against plant glyco-epitopes.METHODS: A total of 280/349 subjects received either one (H1) or 2 doses (H5) of vaccine (5-45 ìg of HA/dose) intramuscularly including 40 with pre-existing plant allergies. Subjects were monitored for 6 months. IgG and IgE to plant glyco-epitopes were measured by ELISA using corn-/egg-derived avidin and bromelain as target antigens.RESULTS: No subject developed allergic/hypersensitivity symptoms. Some (34%) developed transient IgG and, in some cases IgE, to plant glyco-epitopes but no subject mounted an IgE response to the MMXF motif. Antibodies returned to baseline by 6 months in most subjects.CONCLUSION: VLP vaccines bearing influenza HA glycoproteins can elicit transient IgG and, in some cases, IgE responses that are not associated with either the development or worsening of allergic/hypersensitivity symptoms.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Allergens', 'Antibody Formation', 'Cross Reactions', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests', 'Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Influenza A virus', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Middle Aged', 'Polysaccharides', 'Tobacco', 'Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle', 'Young Adult', 'Zea mays']
| 25,240,757
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.063'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['G12.122.281'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.370', 'E05.200.812.735.370', 'E05.478.594.760.370'], ['D12.776.964.970.880.345.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D09.698'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['D12.776.828.868.955', 'D20.215.894.865.955', 'D23.050.865.955'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Characteristics of gentamicin resistance in nosocomial infections.
|
Characteristics of gentamicin resistance were studied in gram-negative bacilli from 50 consecutive patients with nosocomial infection, during a time when gentamicin resistance had recently become prevalent at Medical University Hospital. Burns, decubitus ulcers, and cystic fibrosis were common precipitating factors for acquisition of gentamicin-resistant organisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 76% and Enterobacteriaceae for 24% of isolates. There was high prevalence of cross-resistance to amikacin (61%) and tobramycin (58%). Of the P aeruginosa strains 36% possessed plasmids which were rapidly detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. None of the isolates transferred gentamicin resistance. Representative isolates failed to elaborate aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes or to take up labelled amikacin. Multiple immunotypes of P aeruginosa were identified. These data suggest that a nonplasmid mediated resistance mechanism such as impermeability was responsible for the emergence of gentamicin resistance.
|
['Amikacin', 'Cross Infection', 'Cross Reactions', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Gentamicins', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Plasmids', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Tobramycin']
| 6,768,292
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Growth promoting technologies reduce greenhouse gas, alcohol, and ammonia emissions from feedlot cattle.
|
Increased animal productivity has the potential to reduce the environmental impact per unit of consumable product and is believed to be the most promising and sustainable mitigation technique to meet increasing demand for high quality protein. The feedlot industry uses ionophores, antibiotics, growth implants, and â2-adrenergic agonists to improve health and growth performance of cattle. These technologies not only increase productivity but also alter microbes in the rumen and increase nitrogen retention in the animal, which may lead to changes in greenhouse gas (GHG), volatile organic compound (VOC), and ammonia (NH3) emissions from feedlot cattle. The present study investigated GHG, VOC, and NH3 emissions from 160 Angus crossbred steers. Steers were blocked by weight in a randomized block design and assigned to 16 pens of 10 animals each. Treatments applied were 1) control (CON; no technology application), 2) monensin and tylosin phosphate (MON), 3) monensin, tylosin phosphate, and growth implant (IMP), and 4) monensin, tylosin phosphate, growth implant, and zilpaterol hydrochloride (fed during the last 20 d of the feeding period; BAA). Cattle were on feed for an average of 107 d. Performance variables (DMI, BW, ADG, and G:F) and carcass traits (HCW, dressing percent, KPH, LM area, fat thickness, marbling score, yield grade, and quality grade) were measured. Gaseous emissions were measured during the last 10 d of the feeding period when animals were housed in 4 totally enclosed identical cattle pen enclosures. To quantify gaseous emissions a 4?4 Latin square design (n=4) was used. Gaseous emissions were analyzed using Proc Mixed in SAS and reported in grams per kilogram HCW per day and grams per kilogram per animal per hour. Treatment with IMP and BAA increased (P<0.05) ADG, final BW, and HCW. Cattle on BAA had greater HCW and LM area (P<0.05) and had lower (P<0.05) CH4, methanol, and NH3 emissions per kilogram HCW than cattle on the remaining treatments. Methane emissions were similar for CON and IMP treated cattle. Nitrous oxide emissions were similar across CON, MON, and IMP treated cattle and were higher in BAA treated cattle (P<0.05). The present study provides a better understanding of how application of growth promoting technologies to feedlot steers affects GHG, VOC, and NH3 emissions per kilogram of product.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Ammonia', 'Animal Feed', 'Animal Husbandry', 'Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Body Composition', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Cattle', 'Diet', 'Ethanol', 'Feces', 'Greenhouse Effect', 'Growth Substances', 'Housing, Animal', 'Methane', 'Methanol', 'Monensin', 'Trimethylsilyl Compounds', 'Tylosin']
| 24,085,413
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['J01.040.090'], ['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D02.033.375'], ['A12.459'], ['G16.500.175.827', 'N06.230.265'], ['D27.505.696.377'], ['J03.340.250', 'N06.230.150.360.250'], ['D02.455.326.146.571'], ['D02.033.623'], ['D03.383.312.600'], ['D02.756.715'], ['D02.540.505.905']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Thalidomide and a thalidomide analogue drug costimulate virus-specific CD8+ T cells in vitro.
|
CD8(+) T cell immunity is critical for protection from viral disease, such as that caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or cytomegalovirus (CMV). It is therefore important to identify therapies that can boost antiviral immunity. The recent finding that thalidomide acts as a T cell costimulator suggested that this drug may boost antiviral CD8(+) T cell responses. In this in vitro study, in a human autologous CD8(+) T cell/dendritic cell (DC) coculture system, thalidomide and a potent thalidomide analogue were shown to enhance virus-specific CD8(+) T cell cytokine production and cytotoxic activity. The drug-enhanced antiviral activity was noted in cells from both healthy donors and persons chronically coinfected with HIV and CMV. This stimulatory effect was directed at CD8(+) T cells, and not DCs. These results suggest an application for thalidomide and the thalidomide analogue as a novel immune-adjuvant therapy in chronic viral infections.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Division', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Cytokines', 'Cytomegalovirus Infections', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic', 'Flow Cytometry', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Immunosorbent Techniques', 'Lenalidomide', 'Thalidomide']
| 12,660,941
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C01.925.256.466.245'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['G12.300'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.380', 'E05.601.470.380'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.400', 'D03.383.621.808.519', 'D03.633.100.513.750.563'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in bladder smooth muscle development: epithelial specificity.
|
PURPOSE: We previously showed that mesenchymal-epithelial interactions are necessary for the development of bladder smooth muscle. Specifically without bladder epithelium embryonic bladder mesenchyme does not differentiate into smooth muscle. We determine whether this process is specific to bladder epithelium or whether epithelial cells from other organ systems induce bladder mesenchyme to differentiate into smooth muscle, as well as whether epithelial age is an important variable.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recombined 14-day bladder mesenchyme before smooth muscle differentiation with rat epithelium from 14-day, 19-day, newborn and adult bladder, ureter, colon, ileum, stomach, cornea and epidermis. In addition, bladder epithelium was recombined with 14-day embryonic small intestinal, 14-day embryonic gastric and newborn seminal vesicle mesenchyme. All tissue recombinants were grafted under the renal capsule of an adult rat syngeneic host for 3 weeks.RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis with antibodies directed against smooth muscle alpha-actin revealed that all epithelial types studied induced bladder mesenchyme to differentiate into smooth muscle, although to different degrees. Induction of smooth muscle was independent of urothelial age. In addition, bladder epithelium induced intestinal, gastric and seminal vesicle mesenchyme to differentiate into smooth muscle and express an overall morphological pattern indicative of the bladder fibromuscular wall.CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism whereby urothelium induces bladder mesenchyme to differentiate into smooth muscle is not specific to embryonic urothelium. Older urothelium and heterotypic epithelium also induce smooth muscle differentiation. With the common use of bowel, stomach and ureteral segments for bladder augmentation it is important to understand the interaction of different types of epithelium with the native bladder.
|
['Animals', 'Mesoderm', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urothelium']
| 9,719,273
|
[['B01.050'], ['A16.504.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['A05.810.890'], ['A10.272.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nucleotide sequence of Streptococcus mutans superoxide dismutase gene and isolation of insertion mutants.
|
A gene (sod) encoding superoxide dismutase (SOD) was cloned from Streptococcus mutans in Escherichia coli, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The presumptive amino acid sequence of its product revealed that the SOD is basically of Mn type. Insertional inactivation of the sod gene resulted in the loss of SOD activity in crude extracts, indicating that the gene represents the only functional gene for SOD in S. mutans. Moreover, Southern blot analysis indicated that the S. mutans chromosome had no additional gene which was hybridizable with an oligonucleotide probe specific for an SOD motif. The SOD-deficient mutants were able to grow aerobically, albeit more slowly than the parent strains.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Streptococcus mutans', 'Superoxide Dismutase']
| 1,321,118
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520'], ['D08.811.682.881']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cardiovascular death and manic-depressive psychosis.
|
In order to study if tricyclic antidepressant drugs (TCA) in therapeutic doses increase the risk of death due to cardiovascular causes, the relative mortality from cardiovascular diseases was studied in two large groups of first hospitalized manic-depressive patients, one from the TCA era, the other from the period just before the introduction of TCA. Both groups were selected from the Danish Psychiatric Central Register and followed for an average of 4.5 years. Among 2662 manic-depressive men hospitalized between 1969 and 1976, the relative cardiovascular mortality was 1.53 compared to the general population. Among 1133 such cases admitted between 1950 and 1956, the rate was 1.87. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that TCA contribute to the cardiovascular mortality in manic-depressives and even support suggestions that TCA treatment may lower the risk of death by cardiovascular disease, suicide, and other non-cancer causes.
|
['Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Denmark', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Risk Factors']
| 2,960,722
|
[['D27.505.954.427.700.122.055'], ['F03.084.500'], ['C14'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Mechanisms involved in the development of resistance to fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli isolates.
|
Eighteen quinolone-resistant isolates of Escherichia coli were selected by exposing ten clinical isolates to increasing concentrations of norfloxacin and lomefloxacin. The mutant isolates showed a multiple-antibiotic-resistance phenotype. All of them contained single mutations in gyrA consisting of the substitution of Ser-83-->Leu (n = 14), Val (n = 1) or Ala (n = 1) and the substitution of Asp-87-->Asn (n = 2). Only one concomitant mutation in parC (Ser-80-->Arg) was detected. Four parent isolates exhibited a single mutation in gyrA which required < or = 12 mg/L of norfloxacin to be inhibited. Fluoroquinolone resistance, in the 18 quinolone-resistant mutants, was a result of mutations affecting DNA gyrase plus decreased fluoroquinolone uptake. This latter mechanism of resistance was a combined effect of an absence of OmpF and an increase in active efflux in eight isolates, or an increased active efflux alone in the remaining ten selected mutants.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins', 'DNA Topoisomerase IV', 'DNA Topoisomerases, Type II', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Humans', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Mutation', 'Norfloxacin', 'Quinolones']
| 10,590,273
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['D12.776.097.120', 'D12.776.543.100'], ['D08.811.399.403.741.224', 'D12.776.097.256'], ['D08.811.399.403.741'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['G07.690.773.984.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.374'], ['D03.633.100.810.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Percutaneous absorption of benzoic acid across human skin. II. Prediction of an in vivo, skin-flap system using in vitro parameters.
|
The possibility of predicting the behavior of in vivo systems based on physical and chemical parameters determined by in vitro experiments is examined using benzoic acid. The physical and chemical parameters governing percutaneous absorption of benzoic acid--permeability, partition coefficient, and skin thickness--were determined by in vitro experiments as described in Ref. 1. These parameters were used, in combination with benzoic acid elimination kinetics, to predict the results of in vivo experiments using a comprehensive mathematical model. The in vivo system consists of a congenitally athymic (nude) rat with a surgically constructed human skin sandwich (HSSF) flap on which a donor cell is placed. To apply the in vitro parameters to an in vivo system requires a suitable pharmacokinetic model describing distribution and elimination for benzoic acid in the nude rat. Blood concentrations of benzoic acid following a bolus intravenous injection are closely described by a two-compartment open pharmacokinetic model with elimination occurring from only one compartment. The mathematical model of the rat-donor cell system combines this two-compartment model of the rat with a percutaneous absorption model to provide useful estimates of the measured in vivo blood levels. Comparisons of predicted and measured results suggest that the parameters determined by in vitro experimentation can be used to predict the behavior of complex in vivo systems, if a suitable mathematical model is available.
|
['Animals', 'Benzoates', 'Benzoic Acid', 'Diffusion', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Models, Biological', 'Rats', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Skin', 'Skin Absorption', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 2,362,908
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.241.223.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127'], ['D02.241.223.100.120', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.117'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['A17.815'], ['G03.015.500.750', 'G03.787.024.500.750', 'G07.690.725.015.500.750', 'G13.750.778'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Evaluation of organ function monitoring and supporting during the treatment of multiple trauma].
|
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the evaluation of organ function monitoring and supporting during the treatment of multiple trauma.METHODS: Eighty-eight patients with severe multiple trauma were admitted into Department of Intensive Care Unit(ICU) and the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, and coagulation functions, milieu interieur, and infectious sources were monitored.RESULTS: Seventy-six cases survived and twelve cases died. The major delayed diagnoses included pneumothorax hematopneumothorax, intraperitoneal organ injury, and fracture. The major complications were severe infection, hypotension, acute renal failure, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multiple organ disfunction syndrome(MODS).CONCLUSION: Active monitor and support of organ function can lower the rate of missed or delayed diagnoses and also decrease complications.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Injuries', 'Child', 'Female', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Multiple Organ Failure', 'Multiple Trauma', 'Pelvic Bones']
| 12,212,171
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520'], ['C23.550.835.525'], ['C26.640'], ['A02.835.232.043.825']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ovarian fibrosarcoma with five-year survival: a case report.
|
A 45-year-old postmenopausal woman, Gravida6, Para4, Abortus0, Dilatation x Curhetage2, came to the gynaecology department with pelvic pain. The tumor had arisen in the right ovary and measured 15 x 12 x 7 cm. Its cut surface varied from grey-white with a whorled appearance and showed areas of haemorrhage. Histologically the tumor was densely cellular, composed of spindle cells, diffusely involved the entire ovarian stroma with no normal ovarian structures remaining. Tumor cells had hyperchromatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli. There was moderate pleomorphism and the number of mitotic figures was an average of 6 per 10 high power fields. In the immunohistochemical study, the tumor was negative for desmin, muscle-specific actin, estrogen, progesterone receptors and CD31, but was positive for vimentin. A low proliferation index with Ki-67 was determined. The patient has shown no evidence of recurrent disease for five years.
|
['Abdominal Pain', 'Appendectomy', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Fibrosarcoma', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Middle Aged', 'Omentum', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Ovariectomy', 'Postmenopause', 'Salpingostomy', 'Survivors']
| 12,214,741
|
[['C23.888.592.612.054', 'C23.888.821.030'], ['E04.210.078'], ['E01.171'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.350', 'C04.557.450.795.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.573'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['E04.035.832', 'E04.950.300.750'], ['M01.860']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum
|
Vaccination is considered the most effective strategy for controlling tuberculosis (TB). The existing vaccine, the Bacille Calmette-Gu?rin (BCG), although partially protective, has a number of limitations. Therefore, there is a need for developing new TB vaccines and several strategies are currently exploited including the use of viral and bacterial delivery vectors. We have previously shown that Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) producing Ag85B and ESAT-6 antigens fused to a dendritic cell-targeting peptide (referred to as Lp_DC) induced specific immune responses in mice. Here, we analyzed the ability of two Lp-based vaccines, Lp_DC and Lp_HBD (in which the DC-binding peptide was replaced by an HBD-domain directing the antigen to non-phagocytic cells) to activate antigen-presenting cells, induce specific immunity and protect mice from Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We tested two strategies: (i) Lp as BCG boosting vaccine (a heterologous regimen comprising parenteral BCG immunization followed by intranasal Lp boost), and (ii) Lp as primary vaccine (a homologous regimen including subcutaneous priming followed by intranasal boost). The results showed that both Lp constructs applied as a BCG boost induced specific cellular immunity, manifested in T cell proliferation, antigen-specific IFN-ã responses and multifunctional T cells phenotypes. More importantly, intranasal boost with Lp_DC or Lp_HBD enhanced protection offered by BCG, as shown by reduced M. tuberculosis counts in lungs. These findings suggest that Lp constructs could be developed as a potential mucosal vaccine platform against mycobacterial infections.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'BCG Vaccine', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Immunization, Secondary', 'Lactobacillus plantarum', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Tuberculosis', 'Tuberculosis Vaccines', 'Vaccination']
| 31,354,727
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D20.215.894.135.825.100'], ['D12.776.097'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.485', 'E05.478.550.550'], ['B03.353.750.450.475.612', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475.612', 'B03.510.550.450.475.612'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846'], ['D20.215.894.135.825'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fuji film and ultrasound measurement of total knee arthroplasty contact areas.
|
This article describes tibiofemoral contact area measurement results from tests on 1 commercial total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using 2 experimental methods-fuji film and diagnostic ultrasound. The study presents a novel diagnostic ultrasound technique developed specifically for measuring TKA contact areas. Because most experimental investigations have been concerned with interimplant comparison, this article is one of few parametric TKA studies in the literature. Fuji film and ultrasound provide lower and upper bound contact area measurements based on their physical operating principles; this implies that no single measurement method can be relied on exclusively to glean contact area data. Designers should be cautious in using contact area and contact stress as the exclusive predictors of TKA failure.
|
['Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Femur', 'Humans', 'Knee Prosthesis', 'Pressure', 'Tibia', 'Ultrasonography']
| 11,307,136
|
[['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.400.410'], ['G01.374.715'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Motion parallax is used to control postural sway during walking.
|
Three experiments tested the hypothesis that postural sway during locomotion is visually regulated by motion parallax as well as optical expansion. Oscillating displays of three-dimensional scenes were presented to participants walking on a treadmill, while postural sway was recorded. Displays simulated: (a) a cloud, in which parallax and expansion are congruent, (b) a hallway, (c) the side walls of the hallway, (d) a ground surface, (e) a wall, (f) the wall with a central hole, (g) a hall farther from the observer, and (h) a wall farther from the observer. In contrast to previous results with a hallway, responses with the cloud were isotropic and directionally specific. The other displays demonstrated that motion parallax was more effective than simple horizontal flow in eliciting lateral sway. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that adaptive control of sway during walking is based on congruent expansion and parallax in natural environments.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Locomotion', 'Posture', 'Proprioception', 'Stochastic Processes', 'Vision Disparity']
| 8,891,657
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['G11.427.695'], ['F02.830.816.541', 'G07.888.750', 'G11.561.790.541'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996'], ['F02.463.593.778.255.780', 'F02.463.593.932.877', 'G14.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Respiratory control in hyperpermeable adult heart muscle cells. Effects of calcium.
|
Spontaneously beating myocardial fragments prepared by mechanical disaggregation have hyperpermeable sarcolemmae. Such preparations were used to study mitochondrial function in situ. The myocardial fragments suspended in a phosphate-buffered salt solution containing 1-3 mM MgCl2 showed a low rate of oxygen uptake. Addition of succinate, pyruvate plus malate or glutamate was followed by an increase in the rate of O2 uptake. Addition of ADP to fragments engaged in State 4 respiration was followed by initiation of more rapid State 3 respiration, with respiratory control ratios routinely greater than 3 for succinate and glutamate. If the fragments were suspended in the same medium containing 3 mM ATP (a medium in which contractile activity occurs), State 3 was initiated upon addition of substrate. The suspension medium used in these experiments contained about 8 muM calcium as contamination. Addition of calcium chloride to give a final concentration of 0.14 to 0.57 mM stimulated State 4 respiration of the myocardial fragments. In contrast similar additions made during State 3 inhibited respiration. The maximum degree of inhibition brought respiration close to the State 4 rate. If calcium was added prior to ADP, respiratory stimulation by the nucleotide was diminished. Respiratory function of myocardial fragments and of mitochondria isolated from them was similar in terms of response to substrate, ADP, and calcium addition in State 4. Response to calcium in State 3 was different in that inhibition was long-lived only at low [Pi] in the case of mitochondria, but at low or high [Pi] in the case of the fragments.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Egtazic Acid', 'Heart', 'Kinetics', 'Mice', 'Mitochondria, Muscle', 'Myocardium', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Permeability']
| 813,779
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.257', 'D02.241.081.018.269'], ['A07.541'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.627', 'A11.284.835.626.627'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['G03.680'], ['G02.723']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Altered proximal aortic stiffness and endothelin plasma levels in diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease.
|
Peripheral artery stiffness is altered in diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), whereas few data exist to confirm this trend for proximal aortic stiffness. The pulse wave velocity of the proximal aorta (PWVr) and of the carotid-to-femoral aortic segment (PWVcf) were determined by ultrasound imaging in 160 patients with ESRD (70 diabetic) and in 160 matched control subjects. Also, plasma levels of endothelin, homocysteine, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were determined in both groups. Patients with ESRD had increased pulse pressure, left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic diameter, LV mass index, PWVr, and PWVcf compared with control subjects (p < 0.05). Diabetic patients had increased LV mass index, PWVr, and PWVcf compared with nondiabetic patients with ESRD (p < 0.05). Endothelin levels exhibited a strong relation with PWVr (r = 0.32, p < 0.001) and PWVcf (r = 0.33, p < 0.001) measurements in ESRD patients. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that age, diabetes, and plasma levels of endothelin were major determinants of increased PWVr measurements in the total ESRD population. After adjustment for age, body surface area, time on dialysis, systolic blood pressure, history of hypertension, and plasma endothelin levels, diabetes was an independent factor associated with PWVr in ESRD subjects. Diabetic patients with ESRD had significantly increased proximal aortic stiffness and significantly altered plasma levels of endothelin as compared with the nondiabetic.
|
['Aged', 'Aortic Diseases', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Echocardiography', 'Endothelin-1', 'Female', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Pulsatile Flow', 'Triglycerides']
| 17,515,727
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.109'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['D12.644.276.400.225', 'D12.776.467.400.225', 'D23.529.400.225'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['G01.482.620', 'G09.330.380.630.555'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of dopamine and blockade of dopaminergic and adrenergic receptors on coronary blood flow in ischemic rabbit myocardium.
|
The effect of a broad dose range of dopamine on coronary blood flow was studied in rabbits with coronary artery occlusion. Dopaminergic and adrenergic receptor blockade was established to distinguish the mechanism of the dopamine-induced increase in coronary blood flow. Dopamine, 10, 100, or 1,000 micrograms/kg/min, was infused in the presence of dopaminergic, beta-, or alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade. Coronary blood flow, as measured by radiolabeled microspheres, and hemodynamic parameters were monitored in 60 anesthetized open-chest rabbits. Dopamine, 1,000 micrograms/kg/min, significantly increased coronary blood flow 157% in normal and 118% in occluded rabbit myocardium. Propranolol (2 mg/kg) prevented the dopamine-induced increases in coronary blood flow within occluded and nonoccluded myocardium. Practolol (2 mg/kg) blunted the coronary blood flow increases within occluded myocardium, but flow within normal myocardium remained significantly elevated. In animals given phenoxybenzamine (2 mg/kg), dopamine infusion produced significant blood pressure reductions along with no change in either occluded or nonoccluded coronary blood flow. Bulbocapnine (8 mg/kg), a dopamine receptor antagonist, did not block blood flow increases in normal myocardium, but prevented significant increases in blood flow within occluded myocardium. It can be concluded that direct or indirect vasodilator receptors (dopaminergic, beta 1-, and beta 2-adrenoceptors) must be stimulated and perfusion pressure must not fall in order for dopamine to produce increases of coronary blood flow within occluded myocardium.
|
['Animals', 'Aporphines', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Blood Pressure', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Coronary Disease', 'Dopamine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemodynamics', 'Myocardium', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Phenoxybenzamine', 'Practolol', 'Propranolol', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta', 'Receptors, Dopamine', 'Sympatholytics', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 2,410,711
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.132.098.038', 'D03.633.100.531.085.030', 'D03.633.400.095'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['G03.680'], ['D02.092.471.739'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.705', 'D02.033.755.624.698.705', 'D02.065.199.092.800', 'D02.092.063.624.698.705', 'D02.092.146.113.092.800'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.850'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synaptic depression depends on charge delivered to network.
|
In vitro neuronal networks cultured on microelectrode arrays enable the study of network electrophysiology on a fundamental level. Neuronal response to electrical stimulation is an area of interest at the laboratory bench and in the clinic, given its wide application for remedying neurological disorders. Here we investigated the change in cortical network response over time to varied amounts of charge used for stimulation, which may lead to a phenomenon known as selective adaptation. There is a charge threshold that invokes a reverberating network response; when stimulating at 900 mV, five stimulation electrodes were required to elicit a response across the entire network. Stimulating with more charge leads to greater synaptic depression over time when constant periodic stimulation is applied. Stimulating with 5 electrodes led to a decrease in network response to stimulation, whereas stimulating with 12 electrodes led to an extinction of network response. The previously hypothesized selective adaptation mechanism was not observed, implying that our random cortical assemblies have homogeneous excitatory and inhibitory subnetworks.
|
['Electric Stimulation', 'Humans', 'Long-Term Synaptic Depression', 'Microelectrodes', 'Nerve Net', 'Neurons']
| 28,268,679
|
[['E05.723.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.561.638.355'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['A08.511'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
To repress: a note on an ambiguity of meaning.
|
An analysand used the word repress in a dream in an unusual way. In the dream, a record had been re-pressed: it was not the original disc but a copy. This manifest meaning of the word led associatively to more latent meanings. A kind of dialectical process ensued whereby, whenever the concept of repression came up, several meanings had to be considered to set the record straight. The classical way of thinking about repression had been augmented a little by this novel meaning that the analysand had stumbled on in his dream. Psychoanalytic process was enriched by this ongoing scrutiny of repression in theory and practice.
|
['Humans', 'Psychoanalytic Therapy', 'Repression, Psychology', 'Semantics']
| 16,355,718
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.754.709'], ['F01.393.821'], ['L01.559.598.745']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Light-induced synchronous conidiation in the fungus Botrytis cinerea.
|
Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr. in stationary liquid cultures conidiated asynchronously in darkness after 4 days' growth. Synchronous conidiation was induced by irradiating dark-grown cultures with near-ultraviolet light for 12 h. The number of conidia increased very rapidly 10 h after the end of the photo-induction period, and conidiation was completed by the 14th hour. Filter paper cultures of the fungus also showed synchronous conidiation upon irradiation with near-ultraviolet light, but the rapid increase in the number of conidia took place 2 h earlier, conidiation being completed by the 12th hour. Cultures irradiated with blue light, however, produced sterile mycelia and showed complete suppression of conidiation.
|
['Cell Division', 'Darkness', 'Light', 'Mitosporic Fungi', 'Radiation Effects', 'Spores, Fungal', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 945,324
|
[['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G01.590.540.233'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['B01.300.381'], ['G01.750.745', 'N06.850.810.300'], ['A11.870.710', 'A19.374.500', 'B05.775.710'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
ECG-derived cardiopulmonary analysis of pediatric sleep-disordered breathing.
|
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and evaluation of sleep quality in the pediatric population is dependent on resource intensive attended polysomnography. An ECG-derived cardiopulmonary coupling sleep spectrogram (CPC) analysis previously described in adults can provide information about the severity of SDB and coupled interactions of sleep modulated autonomic drive and respiration. We hypothesized that CPC algorithm-derived metrics will correlate with nasal pressure-based apnea-hypopnea scoring in pediatric population.METHODS: A total of 63 subjects (mean 6.2 years; range 2-12 years) were analyzed by both CPC and conventional nasal flow and desaturation scoring obtained during cardiorespiratory recordings. The characteristics of CPC indices and correlation with conventional SDB scoring were computed.RESULTS: High-frequency coupling (HFC), the CPC marker of stable sleep state, is reduced in proportion to SDB. The HFC durations are negatively correlated with the nasal flow-derived respiratory disturbance index (RDI), a CPC-derived RDI (CPC-RDI), and the 3% oxygen desaturation index (correlation coefficient -0.60, -0.78 and -0.54, respectively). CPC-RDI has a strong positive correlation with the conventional nasal-flow RDI (correlation coefficient 0.70). In this group with a mean nasal-flow RDI 36.1/h, the percentage of correct CPC diagnosis was 85.7% in total, 40% in the non-severe group (10 subjects, RDI <20/h) and 94.3% in the severe group (53 subjects, RDI >20/h).CONCLUSIONS: ECG-derived sleep spectrogram metrics are correlated with nasal flow-derived respiratory abnormality in pediatric SDB. In suitable clinical contexts, this method may have screening utility and possibly allow tracking of treatment effects, specifically in the children with severe SDB.
|
['Arousal', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Databases, Factual', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Polysomnography', 'Pulse', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 21,396,891
|
[['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['E01.370.370.380.650', 'G09.330.380.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Psychrophily is associated with differential energy partitioning, photosystem stoichiometry and polypeptide phosphorylation in Chlamydomonas raudensis.
|
Chlamydomonas raudensis UWO 241 and SAG 49.72 represent the psychrophilic and mesophilic strains of this green algal species. This novel discovery was exploited to assess the role of psychrophily in photoacclimation to growth temperature and growth irradiance. At their optimal growth temperatures of 8 degrees C and 28 degrees C respectively, UWO 241 and SAG 49.72 maintained comparable photostasis, that is energy balance, as measured by PSII excitation pressure. Although UWO 241 exhibited higher excitation pressure, measured as 1-qL, at all growth light intensities, the relative changes in 1-qL were similar to that of SAG 49.72 in response to growth light. In response to suboptimal temperatures and increased growth irradiance, SAG 49.72 favoured energy partitioning of excess excitation energy through inducible, down regulatory processes (Phi(NPQ)) associated with the xanthophyll cycle and antenna quenching, while UWO 241 favoured xanthophyll cycle-independent energy partitioning through constitutive processes involved in energy dissipation (Phi(NO)). In contrast to SAG 49.72, an elevation in growth temperature induced an increase in PSI/PSII stoichiometry in UWO 241. Furthermore, SAG 49.72 showed typical threonine-phosphorylation of LHCII, whereas UWO 241 exhibited phosphorylation of polypeptides of comparable molecular mass to PSI reaction centres but the absence of LHCII phosphorylation. Thus, although both strains maintain an energy balance irrespective of their differences in optimal growth temperatures, the mechanisms used to maintain photostasis were distinct. We conclude that psychrophily in C. raudensis is complex and appears to involve differential energy partitioning, photosystem stoichiometry and polypeptide phosphorylation.
|
['Acclimatization', 'Animals', 'Chlamydomonas', 'Cold Temperature', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Peptides', 'Phosphorylation', 'Photosystem II Protein Complex']
| 17,234,152
|
[['G07.025.133', 'G16.012.500.133'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.150.385'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['G03.295'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D05.500.562.488.750', 'D08.811.600.710.750', 'D12.776.543.930.500.750', 'D12.776.765.199.750.750.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Tuberculin reactivity: prevalence and predictors in BCG-vaccinated young Norwegian adults.
|
We studied tuberculin reactivity in young Norwegian adults and its possible dependency on age, gender, previous BCG vaccination, smoking habits, occupational exposure, diet as well as years of education as a measure of socio-economic status. Responders of a random sample of men and women aged 20-44 years living in Bergen, Norway were interviewed and tested withthe adrenaline-Pirquettest with Norwegian-produced synthetic mediumtuberculin at the out-patient chest clinic in the city of Bergen in 1992-1993. Nine hundred and three subjects out of 1200 met for the clinical examination (75%). Five hundred and eighty-eight subjects were tuberculin-tested and read, whereof 95% were BCG vaccinated by age 14. Mean tuberculin reactivity was 4.8 mm (SD: 3.0 mm). A positive reaction (> or = 4 mm) was found in 64%, whereof 7% had a strongly positive reaction (>10 mm). A negative reaction (<4 mm) occurred in 36%, whereof 10% had no reaction (0 mm). Only 30% ofthe females and 36% of the males aged 21--25 years were tuberculin positive 7-12 years after BCG vaccination. Linear regression analysis demonstrated tuberculin reactivity to increase with increasing age, male gender with an increasing sex effect by age, and current smoking. Occupational dust or gas exposure, a diet rich in vitamin C or years of education did not influence tuberculin reactivity significantly.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'BCG Vaccine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity, Delayed', 'Male', 'Norway', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sex Factors', 'Smoking', 'Time Factors', 'Tuberculin Test']
| 12,477,220
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['D20.215.894.135.825.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543.418'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.805'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.225.812.871.800', 'E05.200.812.871.800', 'E05.478.594.890.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Vasculature of various locations of canine gastrointestinal tract responds differently to intravenous isoproterenol.
|
In this study we investigated the relative vascular response of different locations of the gastrointestinal tract to continuous intravenous infusion of isoproterenol (0.1 microgram kg-1 min-1 for 10 min). The vascular response of some nonsplanchnic organs was also examined. Blood flow of the arteries was measured by electromagnetic flowmetry and that of the tissues by 15-micron microspheres. Isoproterenol increased (P less than 0.05) blood flow of the axillary artery (+52%), and the superior mesenteric artery (+45%), but not that of the inferior mesenteric artery. In the nongastrointestinal tissues, isoproterenol increased (P less than 0.05) the blood flow of the left (+46%), and right ventricle (+85%), and the skeletal muscle (+100%). In the gastrointestinal tract, isoproterenol increased (P less than 0.05) blood flow in the esophagogastric junction (+505%) and antrum (+1511%) only, but not in the gastric body or in any location of the small or large intestine. The drug also caused a large fall in resistance in the esophagogastric junction (-74%) and antrum (-94%), and a small, but significant fall in the duodenum, jejunum, and in the mid-small intestine. It had no significant effect on vascular resistance in the gastric body, ileum, or colon. In those locations of the gastrointestinal tract where isoproterenol caused an increase in blood flow, this effect was confined to the combined mucosal plus submucosal layer, and the drug had no effect on the muscularis. These data suggest that different locations of the gastrointestinal tract respond differently to the same circulating concentration of isoproterenol. The mechanism of this difference in response merits further investigation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Colon', 'Dogs', 'Intestine, Small', 'Isoproterenol', 'Male', 'Microspheres', 'Muscles', 'Pancreas', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Renal Circulation', 'Splanchnic Circulation', 'Spleen', 'Stomach', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 3,180,980
|
[['B01.050'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['E07.565'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['A03.734'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812'], ['G09.330.100.881'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Enhancement of cortical extracellular 5-HT by 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptor blockade restores the antidepressant-like effect of citalopram in non-responder mice.
|
We recently found that the response of DBA/2 mice to SSRIs in the forced swim test (FST) was impaired and they also had a smaller basal and citalopram-stimulated increase in brain extracellular serotonin (5-HT) than 'responder' strains. We employed intracerebral microdialysis, FST and selective antagonists of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors to investigate whether enhancing the increase in extracellular 5-HT reinstated the anti-immobility effect of citalopram in the FST. WAY 100635 (0.3 mg/kg s.c.) or SB 242084 (1 mg/kg s.c.), respectively a selective 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptor antagonist, raised the effect of citalopram (5 mg/kg) on extracellular 5-HT in the medial prefrontal cortex of DBA/2N mice (citalopram alone 5.2+/-0.3 fmol/20 microl, WAY 100635+citalopram 9.9+/-2.1 fmol/20 microl, SB 242084+ citalopram 7.6+/-1.0 fmol/20 microl) to the level reached in 'responder' mice given citalopram alone. The 5-HT receptor antagonists had no effect on the citalopram-induced increase in extracellular 5-HT in the dorsal hippocampus. The combination of citalopram with WAY 100635 or SB 242084 significantly reduced immobility time in DBA/2N mice that otherwise did not respond to either drug singly. Brain levels of citalopram in mice given citalopram alone or with 5-HT antagonists did not significantly differ. The results confirm that impaired 5-HT transmission accounts for the lack of effect of citalopram in the FST and suggest that enhancing the effect of SSRIs on extracellular 5-HT, through selective blockade of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors, could be a useful strategy to restore the response in treatment-resistant depression.
|
['Aminopyridines', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Citalopram', 'Drug Interactions', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Extracellular Fluid', 'Indoles', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred DBA', 'Microdialysis', 'Piperazines', 'Pyridines', 'Serotonin', 'Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists', 'Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists', 'Serotonin Antagonists']
| 19,123,962
|
[['D02.092.080', 'D03.383.725.050'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['D02.092.831.170', 'D02.626.320', 'D03.633.100.127.187'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['A11.284.295.260', 'A12.207.270'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.500'], ['E05.196.353.500'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.850.100', 'D27.505.696.577.850.850.100'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.850.200', 'D27.505.696.577.850.850.200'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Variations in mechanical sampling: their causes and effects.
|
Three characteristics of a sample of AutoAnalyzer Sampler II modules have been measured: eccentricity of the cam, eccentricity of the spindle driving the cam, and the lengths of the chords of the cam lobes. Imprecision in timing may make a significant contribution to analytical error.
|
['Autoanalysis', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Research Design', 'Time Factors', 'Urea']
| 15,637,910
|
[['E05.059'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Injuries to the hand from dog bites.
|
A review of dog bite injuries referred to one surgeon over a 12 month period demonstrated a significant association between a delay in referral and a prolonged period of subsequent in-patient treatment. Two patients sustained injuries when delivering material through a letter-box.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Amputation, Traumatic', 'Animals', 'Bites and Stings', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Hand Injuries', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 10,763,718
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C26.062'], ['B01.050'], ['C25.723.127', 'C26.176'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['C26.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
ZNRD1 gene suppresses cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest in G1 phase.
|
ZNRD1, a transcription-associated gene, was recently found in our laboratory significantly suppress the cell proliferation of stomach cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we firstly characterized ZNRD1 expression in a wide spectrum of gastric diseases by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. We also investigated its antiproliferative effects and associated molecular alterations in human gastric cancer cell line AGS and mouse fibroblast cell line NIH3T3. Anti-ZNRD1 monoclonal antibody H6 was found to react with 38 (63%) of normal gastric tissues, and 51 (81%) of gastritis. In contrast, no positive expression was found in gastric adenocarcinomas. Thus, the expression of ZNRD1 in normal gastric tissues was significantly higher than that in gastric adenocarcinomas. Compared with the control clones, ZNRD1-transfected cells exhibited significant inhibition of cell growth with G1 cell cycle arrest mediated by the suppression of cyclin D1 expression. These results showed that ZNRD1 may play an important role in the regulation of gastric carcinogenesis and could be used as a new target in treatment of stomach cancer.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Animals', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Female', 'Fibroblasts', 'G1 Phase', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Stomach', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 15,662,122
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['D12.776.260'], ['A11.329.228'], ['G04.144.500.320'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Demystifying knowledge translation: learning from the community.
|
OBJECTIVES: While there is increasing interest in research related to so-called Knowledge Translation, much of this research is undertaken from the perspective of researchers. The objective of this paper is to explore, through the participatory evaluation of Manitoba's The Need to Know Project, the characteristics of effective knowledge translation initiatives from the perspective of community partners.METHODS: The multi-method evaluation adopted a utilization-focused approach, where stakeholders participated in identifying evaluation questions, and methods were made transparent to participants. Over 100 open-ended, semi-structured interviews were conducted with project stakeholders over the first three years of the project. These interviews explored the perspectives of participants on all aspects of project development. Formal feedback processes allowed further refinement of emerging theory.RESULTS: This research suggests that there has been insufficient emphasis on personal factors in knowledge translation. The themes of 'quality of relationships' and 'trust' connected many different components of knowledge translation, and were essential for collaborative research. Organizational barriers and lack of confidence in researchers present greater challenges to knowledge translation than individual interest or community capacity. The costs of participation in collaborative research for community partners and the benefits for researchers, also require greater attention.CONCLUSIONS: Participation of community partners in The Need to Know Project has provided unique perspectives on knowledge translation theory. It has identified limitations to the common interpretations of knowledge translation principles and highlighted the characteristics of collaborative research initiatives that are of greatest importance to community partners.
|
['Community Health Services', 'Cooperative Behavior', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Information Dissemination', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Manitoba', 'National Health Programs', 'Rural Population']
| 16,259,686
|
[['N02.421.143'], ['F01.145.813.115'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.143.443'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['Z01.107.567.176.410'], ['N03.349.550'], ['N01.600.725']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Differential effect of DDT, DDE, and DDD on COX-2 expression in the human trophoblast derived HTR-8/SVneo cells.
|
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), 1,1-bis-(chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethene (DDE), and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD) isomers on COX-2 expression in a human trophoblast-derived cell line. Cultured HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells were exposed to DDT isomers and its metabolites for 24 h, and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression were assessed by RT-PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA. Prostaglandin E₂ production was also measured by ELISA. Both COX-2 mRNA and protein were detected under control (unexposed) conditions in the HTR-8/SVneo cell line. COX-2 protein expression and prostaglandin E₂ production but not COX-2 mRNA levels increased only after DDE and DDD isomers exposure. It is concluded that DDE and DDD exposure induce the expression of COX-2 protein, leading to increased prostaglandin E2 production. Interestingly, the regulation of COX-2 by these organochlorines pesticides appears to be at the translational level.
|
['Carcinogens, Environmental', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'DDT', 'Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene', 'Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane', 'Dinoprostone', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insecticides', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Trophoblasts']
| 23,132,776
|
[['D27.888.569.100.125'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D02.455.526.439.255'], ['D02.455.526.439.292'], ['D02.455.526.439.294'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['G02.640'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['A11.382.992', 'A16.254.500.766', 'A16.710.802']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Temperature acceleration in cold oral stimulation.
|
This study measured the temperature acceleration of a cold probe as it contacts human tissue. Both the effects of touching a cold probe to the oral cavity were investigated. The results indicated a rapid warming pattern. This warming is effected first by temperature changes resulting from the probe being moved from ice into room temperature and second by the contact to oral mucosa. In fact, in some cases, the probe had reached minimal cold sensation levels by the time it reached the oral cavity. Results also indicated that 6 sec after the probe is lifted from the ice, the temperature closely approximates temperatures perceived as warm or at least neutral, but not cold.
|
['Body Temperature', 'Cold Temperature', 'Deglutition', 'Deglutition Disorders', 'Humans', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Reflex', 'Thermosensing']
| 8,005,011
|
[['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['G10.261.178'], ['C06.405.117.119', 'C09.775.174'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['E05.723'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['F02.830.816.781', 'G07.850', 'G11.561.790.781']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Audiological Results in SSD With an Active Transcutaneous Bone Conduction Implant at a Retrosigmoidal Position.
|
OBJECTIVE: One option for patients with single sided deafness (SSD) who experience problems with insufficient hearing in different surroundings is the treatment with percutaneous bone-anchored hearing aids. Common medical problems associated to a skin penetrating abutment can be avoided by active transcutaneous bone conduction hearing implants. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the benefit of an active transcutaneous bone conduction hearing implant in patients with SSD.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients suffering from SSD who are implanted with an active transcutaneous bone conduction hearing implant in retrosigmoidal position were audiologically analyzed. The audiological test battery included air and bone conduction thresholds, word recognition score (WRS) in quiet and speech intelligibility (Oldenburg Sentence Test [OLSA]) in noise. Patient satisfaction was evaluated with the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) and the Bern-Benefit in Single-Sided Deafness (BBSS) questionnaire.RESULTS: The monosyllable WRS and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) assessed by the OLSA was significantly better in all aided conditions. Also, the APHAB categories ease of communication and reverberation and the average benefit in the BBSS improved significantly if using the device.CONCLUSION: The Bonebridge is a transcutaneous alternative to the well-established percutaneous bone conducting devices in patients with single sided deafness. An improvement in hearing in noise and quiet as well as a decrease of the head shadow effect can be expected.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Conduction', 'Female', 'Hearing', 'Hearing Aids', 'Hearing Loss, Unilateral', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Signal-To-Noise Ratio', 'Speech Intelligibility', 'Speech Perception']
| 28,375,939
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.830.816.263.500', 'G07.888.500.500', 'G11.561.790.263.398'], ['F02.830.816.263', 'G07.888.500', 'G11.561.790.263'], ['E07.305.906.500', 'E07.814.458'], ['C09.218.458.341.950', 'C10.597.751.418.341.950', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.950'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.875', 'E05.318.740.872.875', 'G17.800.500', 'N05.715.360.325.700.840', 'N05.715.360.750.725.750', 'N06.850.520.445.800.875', 'N06.850.520.830.872.750'], ['F01.145.209.908.677.610', 'G11.561.812.686'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Oscillatory coupling within neonatal prefrontal-hippocampal networks is independent of selective removal of GABAergic neurons in the hippocampus.
|
GABAergic neurons have been proposed to control oscillatory entrainment and cognitive processing in prefrontal-hippocampal networks. Co-activation of these networks emerges already during neonatal development, with hippocampal theta bursts driving prefrontal oscillations via axonal projections. The cellular substrate of neonatal prefrontal-hippocampal communication and in particular, the role of GABAergic neurons, is still unknown. Here, we used saporin-conjugated anti-vesicular GABA transporter antibodies to cause selective immunotoxic lesion of GABAergic neurons in the CA1 area of the hippocampus during the first postnatal week. Without affecting the somatic development of rat pups, the lesion impaired the generation of hippocampal sharp waves, but not of theta bursts during neonatal development. Moreover, the oscillatory entrainment and firing of neonatal prefrontal cortex as well as the early prefrontal-hippocampal synchrony were largely independent of GABAergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus. Thus, hippocampal interneurons are critical elements for the ontogeny of hippocampal sharp waves, but seem to not control the directed oscillatory coupling between the neonatal prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'GABAergic Neurons', 'Hippocampus', 'Male', 'Nerve Net', 'Neural Pathways', 'Neurons', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Rats', 'Theta Rhythm']
| 24,056,266
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A08.675.289', 'A11.671.285'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['A08.511'], ['A08.612'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E01.370.376.300.150.937', 'E01.370.405.245.287.937', 'G07.265.087.937', 'G11.561.127.937']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glutamatergic regulation of extracellular citrulline levels in the nucleus accumbens during an emotional conditioned reflex.
|
Intracerebral microdialysis and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to demonstrate that the acquisition and execution of an emotional conditioned reflex in Sprague-Dawley rats are accompanied by increases in extracellular citrulline (a co-product of nitric oxide synthesis) levels in the nucleus accumbens. Injection of the selective NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist MK-801 (100 microM) into the nucleus accumbens significantly decreased the increase in extracellular citrulline seen in this structure on acquisition of the emotional conditioned reflex and completely blocked the increase induced by execution of the reflex. These data suggest that during the acquisition and execution of an emotional conditioned reflex, the glutamatergic input of the nucleus accumbens acts on NMDA receptors to stimulate nitric oxide production in this part of the brain.
|
['Animals', 'Association Learning', 'Citrulline', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Dizocilpine Maleate', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists', 'Extinction, Psychological', 'Extracellular Fluid', 'Male', 'Microdialysis', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nucleus Accumbens', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate']
| 18,607,752
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['D12.125.095.226'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.181.384.380', 'D04.615.181.384.380'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.300', 'D27.505.696.577.190.300'], ['F02.463.425.770.232'], ['A11.284.295.260', 'A12.207.270'], ['E05.196.353.500'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.775.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of the transcripts encoding for antigenic proteins of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4.
|
The major glycoproteins of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) are gB, gH, gM, gL, and gp180 with gB, gH, and gp180 being the most glycosylated. These glycoproteins participate in cell binding while some act as neutralization targets. Glycosylation of these envelope proteins may be involved in virion protection against neutralization by antibodies. In infected cattle, BoHV-4 induces an immune response characterized by low neutralizing antibody levels or an absence of such antibodies. Therefore, virus seroneutralization in vitro cannot always be easily demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neutralizing capacity of 2 Argentine BoHV-4 strains and to associate those findings with the gene expression profiles of the major envelope glycoproteins. Expression of genes coding for the envelope glycoproteins occurred earlier in cells infected with isolate 10/154 than in cells infected with strain 07/435, demonstrating a distinct difference between the strains. Differences in serological response can be attributed to differences in the expression of antigenic proteins or to post-translational modifications that mask neutralizing epitopes. Strain 07/435 induced significantly high titers of neutralizing antibodies in several animal species in addition to bovines. The most relevant serological differences were observed in adult animals. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the expression kinetics of genes coding for BoHV-4 glycoproteins in 2 Argentine strains (genotypes 1 and 2). The results further elucidate the BoHV-4 life cycle and may also help determine the genetic variability of the strains circulating in Argentina.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Argentina', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Deer', 'Female', 'Goat Diseases', 'Goats', 'Herpesviridae Infections', 'Herpesvirus 4, Bovine', 'Male', 'Sheep', 'Sheep Diseases', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tumor Virus Infections', 'Viral Proteins']
| 31,940,684
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.327'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.373'], ['C22.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['C01.925.256.466'], ['B04.280.210.400.700.300', 'B04.280.382.400.700.300', 'B04.613.204.500.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['C22.836'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['C01.925.928'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Action of thyrotropin on phosphate incorporation into thyroid proteins in vitro.
|
It is now well established that cAMP is the intracellular mediator of many effects of thyrotropin on the thyroid. Greengard has postulated that all the effects of cAMP inside the cell are secondary to the phosphorylation of proteins by cAMP activated protein kinase(s). The purpose of our work is to define, in an intact cell system, the nature of the thyroid proteins, the phosphorylation of which is stimulated by cAMP and TSH.
|
['Animals', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Dogs', 'Phosphates', 'Protein Kinases', 'Proteins', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyrotropin']
| 210,704
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['D12.776'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Direct binding to Rsp5p regulates ubiquitination-independent vacuolar transport of Sna3p.
|
The sorting of integral membrane proteins such as carboxypeptidase S (Cps1p) into the luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires ubiquitination of their cytosolic domains by the ubiquitin ligases Rsp5p and/or Tul1p. An exception is Sna3p, which does not require ubiquitination for entry into MVBs. The mechanism underlying this ubiquitination-independent MVB sorting pathway has not yet been characterized. Here, we show that Sna3p sorting into the MVB pathway depends on a direct interaction between a PPAY motif within its C-terminal cytosolic tail and the WW domains of Rsp5p. Disruption of this interaction inhibits vacuolar targeting of Sna3p and causes its accumulation in a compartment that overlaps only partially with MVBs. Surprisingly, Sna3p does require a functional ubiquitin-ligase HECT domain within Rsp5p; however, the dependence of Sna3p on HECT domain activity is distinct from that of Cps1p. Last, we show that Sna3p requires neither Tul1p nor the transmembrane adaptor protein Bsd2p for its MVB sorting. Our data demonstrate that Sna3p follows a novel ubiquitination-independent, but Rsp5p-mediated, sorting pathway to the vacuole.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Carboxypeptidases', 'Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Ubiquitin', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes', 'Vacuoles']
| 17,332,499
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G03.143.310'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.245'], ['D05.500.199', 'D12.776.543.990.493'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['D12.776.543'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['D12.776.947.500'], ['D08.811.464.938'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.920']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bioactive Macrocyclic Inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint.
|
Blockade of the immunoinhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 pathway using monoclonal antibodies has shown impressive results with durable clinical antitumor responses. Anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies have now been approved for the treatment of a number of tumor types, whereas the development of small molecules targeting immune checkpoints lags far behind. We characterized two classes of macrocyclic-peptide inhibitors directed at the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. We show that these macrocyclic compounds act by directly binding to PD-L1 and that they are capable of antagonizing PD-L1 signaling and, similarly to antibodies, can restore the function of T-cells. We also provide the crystal structures of two of these small-molecule inhibitors bound to PD-L1. The structures provide a rationale for the checkpoint inhibition by these small molecules, and a description of their small molecule/PD-L1 interfaces provides a blueprint for the design of small-molecule inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.
|
['B7-H1 Antigen', 'Drug Discovery', 'Humans', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Macrocyclic Compounds', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor', 'Protein Interaction Maps', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 28,881,104
|
[['D12.776.465.625', 'D12.776.467.150.300', 'D12.776.543.095.300', 'D23.050.301.285.400', 'D23.529.168.300'], ['E05.295', 'H01.158.703.007.675', 'H01.181.466.675'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['D04.345'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['D12.776.465.844', 'D12.776.543.750.705.222.875', 'D23.050.301.264.894.790', 'D23.101.100.894.790'], ['G03.493.750'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Congenital paravertebral arteriovenous fistulae in children and adolescents].
|
These arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) situated in the paravertebral area present as a murmur which explains their cardiological orientation. They are characterised by the presence of one or more afferent paravertebral arteries giving rise to collateral vessels irrigating the bone marrow. The aim of this study of 13 cases was to study the diagnostic and therapeutic problems, and the evolution of this particular localisation of AVF. Two groups of paravertebral AVF were individualised: - Cervical AVF in which the vertebral artery was always involved (7 cases). Four were simple (only one fistula) and three were complex, having several afferent arteries. Two presented as a rapidly growing vascular tumour. Two caused an asymptomatic angiographic vertebral steal syndrome. Two simple forms were obturated by a detachable balloon and one by surgical excision. Two complex forms were treated by embolisation and surgery. Total closure of the AVF was obtained in all cases without complications. - Dorso-lumbar AVF (6 cases). The afferent vessels are the intercostal (D6 to D8) or lumbar (L2 to L4) arteries. Anatomically, these are extra-medullary fistulae with an extra or intra-vertebral venous drainage. Enlargement in an adjacent conjugating foramen forms a tumour which may narrow the spinal canal (1 case diagnosed by CAT) or erode the vertebral body, so compromising the spinal support. Spontaneous closure of the AVF was observed in 1 case. Three cases were treated surgically with good results; two patients are waiting for embolisation. A review of the literature provides complementary information on the long-term evolution of these AVF and confirms the need for systematic therapy as demonstrated in our study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adolescent', 'Angiography', 'Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Spine', 'Thoracic Vertebrae', 'Time Factors']
| 3,092,765
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C14.240.850.750', 'C14.907.150', 'C16.131.240.850.750'], ['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['A02.835.232.834.892'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The interactome of the histone gene regulatory factor HiNF-P suggests novel cell cycle related roles in transcriptional control and RNA processing.
|
HiNF-P is a recently identified histone H4 subtype specific transcriptional regulator that associates with the conserved cell cycle control element in the proximal promoter regions of histone H4 genes. HiNF-P interacts with the global histone gene regulator and direct cyclin E/CDK2 substrate p220(NPAT) to potently upregulate histone H4 gene transcription at the G1/S phase transition in response to cyclin E/CDK2 signaling. To gain insight into the function of HiNF-P in a broader cellular context, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen to identify its novel interacting proteins. In this study, we detected 67 candidate HiNF-P interacting proteins of varying cellular functions. We have identified multiple RNA associated proteins, including the splicing co-factor SRm300. HiNF-P and SRm300 interact in yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, and co-immunofluorescence assays. Our screen also identified several gene regulators that associate with HiNF-P including THAP7. HiNF-P and THAP7 interact in mammalian cells and THAP7 abrogates HiNF-P/p220 mediated activation of histone H4 gene transcription, consistent with its known role as a transcriptional repressor. Finally, we identified several proliferation related proteins including Ki-67 and X transactivated protein 2 (XTP2) which may be functioning with HiNF-P in cell cycle regulation. The HiNF-P interactome indicates that HiNF-P is a multifunctional gene regulator with a large functional network and roles beyond cell cycle-dependent histone gene regulation.
|
['Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Two-Hybrid System Techniques']
| 17,577,209
|
[['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['G02.111.760', 'G03.839', 'G05.308.700'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['E05.393.220.870', 'E05.601.690.650', 'E05.601.870']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[A PCR-RFLP analysis to HLA-B gene among Chinese northern Han populations].
|
OBJECTIVE: To set up the method for analyzing HLA-B gene polymorphism with PCR-RFLP, and to gain population data among northern Chinese Hans of HLA-B's restricted fragments after NlaIII digestion, and to achieve application in forensic medicine practice.METHODS: Sample DNA was extracted by the phenol/chloroform extraction method, 943 bp-long fragments containing HLA-B exon 2 and 3 were got by PCR. The endonuclease NlaIII was applied to cut the PCR products into polymorphic fragments shorter than 943bp, then PAGE and silver staining were used to detect the digestion results, finally the digestion sites were assured by DNA sequencing.RESULTS: Along 943bp-long PCR products, 14 length-different fragments, 20 kinds of fragment combinations were got and 6 cutting site were observed after NlaIII digestion.CONCLUSION: HLA-B gene was highly polymorphic among Chinese northern Hans. Even with only one endonuclease, 14 restricted fragments were got and the PIC was great. Such a HLA-B PCR-RFLP analysis will have values in forensic medicine applications.
|
['Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Base Sequence', 'China', 'DNA', 'Exons', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Gene Frequency', 'HLA-B Antigens', 'Humans', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length']
| 16,856,341
|
[['M01.686.508.200'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['G05.330'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.500', 'D12.776.543.550.439.500', 'D23.050.301.500.100.500', 'D23.050.301.500.450.380', 'D23.050.705.552.100.500', 'D23.050.705.552.450.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
CRISPR-Cas9 Toolkit for Actinomycete Genome Editing.
|
Bacteria of the order Actinomycetales are one of the most important sources of bioactive natural products, which are the source of many drugs. However, many of them still lack efficient genome editing methods, some strains even cannot be manipulated at all. This restricts systematic metabolic engineering approaches for boosting known and discovering novel natural products. In order to facilitate the genome editing for actinomycetes, we developed a CRISPR-Cas9 toolkit with high efficiency for actinomyces genome editing. This basic toolkit includes a software for spacer (sgRNA) identification, a system for in-frame gene/gene cluster knockout, a system for gene loss-of-function study, a system for generating a random size deletion library, and a system for gene knockdown. For the latter, a uracil-specific excision reagent (USER) cloning technology was adapted to simplify the CRISPR vector construction process. The application of this toolkit was successfully demonstrated by perturbation of genomes of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and Streptomyces collinus T? 365. The CRISPR-Cas9 toolkit and related protocol described here can be widely used for metabolic engineering of actinomycetes.
|
['Actinobacteria', 'CRISPR-Cas Systems', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Computational Biology', 'DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded', 'DNA Repair', 'Gene Editing', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Genomics', 'Loss of Function Mutation', 'Multigene Family', 'Software']
| 29,170,959
|
[['B03.510.024', 'B03.510.460.400.400.049'], ['G05.308.203.374.394'], ['E05.393.220'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['G05.200.210.220'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['E05.393.420.270'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['G05.360.337'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['G05.365.590.538'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Effect of nucleophiles on the conversion of choline esters under the action of cholinesterase].
|
It is shown that effect of alcohols ROH on the hydrolysis of butyryl-choline and acetylcholine by choline esterase (E. C. 3.1.1.8) is complex; it included the concurrent and the unconcurrent inhibitions, the interaction with the acylenzyme to form more reactive triple complex, and the acyl migration. By titrometric method it is found that proportion of the transacylation and hydrolysis rates depends on hydrophobity of R only being independent on its electronegativity.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Acylation', 'Alcohols', 'Animals', 'Catalysis', 'Choline', 'Cholinesterases', 'Chymotrypsin', 'Esters', 'Horses', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Hydrolysis', 'Kinetics']
| 237,583
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['G02.111.012', 'G02.607.063', 'G03.040'], ['D02.033'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.130'], ['D02.033.100.291.211', 'D02.092.063.291.211', 'D02.092.877.883.333', 'D02.675.276.232'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.170'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.176', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.176'], ['D02.241.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['G02.300'], ['G02.380'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
One hospital's success with home-based work stations.
|
This article describes background history and experiences in setting up a successful home-based transcription program at a tertiary care outpatient center. It traces how the authors first became involved in home transcription to facilitate more office personnel to work overtime and decrease transcription backlog. The article also describes the initial set-up and how a permanent home program eventually was established. Steps to be taken in setting up a similar program, "pitfalls" to watch for, suggested personnel criteria and environmental requirements are outlined.
|
['Electronic Data Processing', 'Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over', 'Hospital Departments', 'Medical Records Department, Hospital', 'Personnel Management', 'Personnel Staffing and Scheduling', 'Wisconsin', 'Workforce']
| 10,278,912
|
[['L01.224.085'], ['N02.278.306.472.300'], ['N02.278.216.500.968', 'N04.452.442.452.422'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.465', 'N04.452.442.452.422.465'], ['N04.452.677'], ['I03.946.225', 'N04.452.677.650'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.900', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.900'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Reconstructed three-dimensional images of flow-sorted nuclei hybridized with chromosome-specific probes.
|
We demonstrated that the three-dimensional (3-D) locational and morphological differences of chromosome 17 are dependent on each cell cycle phase in the clinical materials. Cell suspensions prepared from hypertrophied tonsil were hybridized with chromosome 17 whole painting probe or its centromeric probe and the probes were detected with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Then the cells were sorted from G(0+1), S-, and G(2+M)-phase fractions by flow cytometry and observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy to obtain the serial optical sections. The 3-D images were obtained by assembling these sections using a computerized image analysis device. The distribution of centromeric copies was analyzed statistically, and the data values were not a population of random distribution within a sphere. The copies were observed in the periphery of the nuclei in G(0+1)- and S-phase. The 3-D images revealed that chromosome 17 was oval in shape in the G(0+1)-phase nucleus, and was changing into a flame shape in the S-phase, with arms stretching out along the nuclear membrane, and looked bush shaped in G2-phase. The eccentric distribution of chromosome 17 in G(0+1)- and S-phase nuclei may reflect the optimal efficiency of incorporating and/or releasing essential materials and products.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Palatine Tonsil']
| 8,918,909
|
[['D23.101'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.415.425', 'G05.360.162.520.300.415.425'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['A04.623.603.925', 'A10.549.580', 'A14.724.603.925', 'A15.382.520.604.580']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of adverse drug reaction to anti-tuberculosis medication with quality of life in patients in a tertiary referral hospital.
|
INTRODUCTION: Adverse drug reactions can develop when using anti-tuberculosis medication, and the effects of the drugs can also significantly hinder the treatment of patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 73 patients using two standardized questionnaires and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref.RESULTS: All patients reported the presence of adverse drug reactions, 71.6% of which are minor and 28.3% both major and minor. The global quality of life analysis showed that patients with tuberculosis have a good average (67.3%).CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between quality of life and adverse drug reaction, educational level, and vulnerability.
|
['Aged', 'Antitubercular Agents', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Tuberculosis']
| 31,859,946
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C25.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Overexpression of Csk-binding protein contributes to renal cell carcinogenesis.
|
C-terminal Src kinase (Csk)-binding protein (Cbp) is a transmembrane adaptor protein that localizes exclusively in lipid rafts, where it regulates Src family kinase (SFK) activities through recruitment of Csk. Although SFKs are well known for their involvement in cancer, the function of Cbp in carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we reported overexpression of Cbp in more than 70% of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) specimens and in the majority of tested RCC cell lines. Depletion of Cbp in RCC cells by RNA interference led to remarkable inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, anchorage-independent growth as well as tumorigenicity in nude mice. Strikingly, silencing of Cbp negatively affected the sustaining of Erk1/2 activation but not c-Src activation induced by serum. Besides, the RhoA activity in RCC cells was remarkably impaired when Cbp was knocked down. Overexpression of wild-type Cbp, but not its mutant Cbp/DeltaCP lacking C-terminal PDZ-binding motif, significantly enhanced RhoA activation and cell migration of RCC cells. These results provided new insights into the function of Cbp in modulating RhoA activation, by which Cbp might contribute to renal cell carcinogenesis.
|
['Actins', 'Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Amino Acid Motifs', 'Animals', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Shape', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'PDZ Domains', 'Protein Kinases', 'RNA Interference', 'rhoA GTP-Binding Protein']
| 19,581,936
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['B01.050'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.320'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['G05.308.370'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700.200', 'D12.644.360.525.700.200', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700.200', 'D12.776.476.525.700.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of a pneumatic tensioning device for gap measurement during total knee arthroplasty.
|
BACKGROUND: Despite the importance of soft tissue balancing during total knee arthroplasty (TKA), all estimating techniques are dependent on a surgeon's manual distraction force or subjective feeling based on experience. We developed a new device for dynamic gap balancing, which can offer constant load to the gap between the femur and tibia, using pneumatic pressure during range of motion.METHODS: To determine the amount of distraction force for the new device, 3 experienced surgeons' manual distraction force was measured using a conventional spreader. A new device called the consistent load pneumatic tensor was developed on the basis of the biomechanical tests. Reliability testing for the new device was performed using 5 cadaveric knees by the same surgeons. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated.RESULTS: The distraction force applied to the new pneumatic tensioning device was determined to be 150 N. The interobserver reliability was very good for the newly tested spreader device with ICCs between 0.828 and 0.881.CONCLUSIONS: The new pneumatic tensioning device can enable us to properly evaluate the soft tissue balance throughout the range of motion during TKA with acceptable reproducibility.
|
['Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Equipment Design', 'Femur', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Mechanical Phenomena', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Tibia']
| 22,949,949
|
[['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E05.320'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['G01.374'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
On the mechanism for PPAR agonists to enhance ABCA1 gene expression.
|
Expression of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), a major regulator of high density lipoprotein (HDL) biogenesis, is known to be up-regulated by the transcription factor liver X receptor (LXR) alpha, and expression is further enhanced by activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs). We investigated this complex regulatory network using specific PPAR agonists: four fibrates (fenofibrate, bezafibrate, gemfibrozil and LY518674), a PPAR delta agonist (GW501516) and a PPAR gamma agonist (pioglitazone). All of these compounds increased the expression of LXRs, PPARs and ABCA1 mRNAs, and associated apoA-I-mediated lipid release in THP-1 macrophage, WI38 fibroblast and mouse fibroblast. When mouse fibroblasts lacking expression of PPAR alpha were examined, the effects of fenofibrate and LY518674 were markedly diminished while induction by other ligands were retained. The PPAR alpha promoter was activated by all of these compounds in an LXR alpha-dependent manner, and partially in a PPAR alpha-dependent manner, in mouse fibroblast. The LXR responsive element (LXRE)-luciferase activity was enhanced by all the compounds in an LXR alpha-dependent manner in mouse fibroblast. This activation was exclusively PPAR alpha-dependent by fenofibrate and LY518674, but nonexclusively by the others. We conclude that PPARs and LXRs are involved in the regulation of ABCA1 expression and HDL biogenesis in a cooperative signal transduction pathway.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1', 'ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Animals', 'Bezafibrate', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Fenofibrate', 'Fibroblasts', 'Gemfibrozil', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'PPAR delta', 'PPAR gamma', 'Pioglitazone', 'Propionates', 'Thiazoles', 'Thiazolidinediones', 'Triazoles']
| 19,201,410
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.050.500', 'D12.776.395.550.020.381.500', 'D12.776.543.550.192.381.500', 'D12.776.543.585.100.190.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.065.277.067', 'D02.241.081.114.968.500.249', 'D02.241.223.100.100.120', 'D02.241.223.100.200.249', 'D02.355.726.305.249', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.101', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.249', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.305.249'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D02.241.081.114.968.500.625', 'D02.355.726.305.625', 'D02.455.426.559.389.134.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.305.625', 'D02.522.223.750'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D02.241.081.114.968.500.750', 'D02.241.081.944.509.350', 'D02.355.726.305.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.305.750', 'D10.251.400.895.593.350'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.776.826.239.555'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['D02.886.675.933.250', 'D03.383.129.708.933.250'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['D02.886.675.933', 'D03.383.129.708.933'], ['D03.383.129.799']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparative analysis of personality pathology profiles among patients with pure depressive-, pure anxiety-, and pure somatoform disorders.
|
BACKGROUND: Depressive-, anxiety-, and somatoform disorders are among the most common psychiatric disorders. The assessment of comorbid personality pathology or traits in these disorders is relevant, because it can lead to the exacerbation of them or to poorer remission rates. To date, no research findings have been published on the comparison of these three prevalent patient groups with regard to comorbid dimensional personality pathology.METHODS: Data of participants (18-60 years) came from a web-based Routine Outcome Monitoring (ROM) programme. The present study used baseline data and was designed to compare personality pathology profiles between three separate outpatient groups: pure anxiety disorders (n=1633), pure depressive disorders (n=1794), and pure somatoform disorders (n=479). Personality pathology was measured with the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Short Form (DAPP-SF).RESULTS: The pure depressive disorder group, in comparison to the other two disorder groups, exhibited the worst psychopathological and functional health image and most personality pathology. In the pure anxiety disorder group, the highest mean was found for the personality trait Anxiousness; and in the pure depressive disorder group for the traits Identity problems, Affective lability, Anxiousness, and Restricted expression.LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional nature of the study limits the conclusions that can be drawn.CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of comorbid personality pathology in depressive-, anxiety-, somatoform disorders is clinically relevant, whether a patient has a personality disorder or not. This way, treatment could partly be focused on specific personality traits that may be counterproductive for treatment outcome, especially in depressive disorders.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality Disorders', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Somatoform Disorders', 'Young Adult']
| 25,086,291
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F03.080'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F03.600.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.675'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F03.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of gaseous sulfur dioxide and its derivatives on the expression of KATP, BKCa and L-Ca(2+) channels in rat aortas in vitro.
|
Epidemiological investigations have revealed that sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure is linked to cardiovascular diseases. Our previous study indicated that the vasorelaxant effect of SO2 might be partly related to ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP), big-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BKCa) and L-type calcium (L-Ca(2+)) channels. The present study was designed to further investigate the effects of gaseous SO2 and its derivatives on the gene and protein expression of these channels in the rat aortas in vitro. The results showed that the mRNA and protein levels of the KATP channel subunits Kir6.1, Kir6.2 and SUR2B of the rat aortas in SO2 and its derivatives groups were higher than those in control group. Similarly, the expression of the BKCa channel subunits á and â1 was increased by SO2 and its derivatives. However, SO2 and its derivatives at 1500ìM significantly decreased the expression of the L-Ca(2+) channel subunits Cav1.2 and Cav1.3. Histological examination of the rat aorta tissues showed moderate injury of tunica media induced by SO2 and its derivatives at 1500ìM. These results suggest that SO2 and its derivatives can activate the KATP and BKCa channels by increasing the expression of Kir6.1, Kir6.2, SUR2B and á, â1, respectively, while also inhibiting the L-Ca(2+) channels by decreasing the expression of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 of the rat aortas. The molecular mechanism of the vasorelaxant effect of SO2 and its derivatives might be related to the expression changes of KATP, BKCa and L-Ca(2+) channel subunits, which may play a role in the pathogenesis of SO2-associated cardiovascular diseases.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Animals', 'Aorta', 'Calcium Channels, L-Type', 'Gene Expression', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'KATP Channels', 'Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits', 'Male', 'Protein Subunits', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sulfur Dioxide', 'Vasodilation']
| 25,192,964
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.400', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.400'], ['G05.297'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.450.550', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.450.550', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.450.550'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.150.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.150.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.150.500.249'], ['D12.776.813'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.362.810', 'D01.650.550.850.925', 'D01.875.825.925'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Localization of the heptapeptide GFSKLYFamide in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima (Echinodermata): a light and electron microscopic study.
|
Two peptides, Gly-Phe-Ser-Lys-Leu-Tyr-Phe-NH2 (GFSKLYFamide) and Ser-Gly-Tyr-Ser-Val-Leu-Tyr-Phe-NH2 (SGYSVLYFamide), recently isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima [D?az-Miranda et al. (1992) Biol. Bull. 182:241-247] represent the first neuropeptides isolated from holothurians. Using an antibody against GFSKLYFa, we describe here the localization and distribution pattern of GFSKLYFa-like immunoreactivity in H. glaberrima, where immunoreactive fibers form a prominent and extensive peptidergic nervous system component. Neuron-like cells and nerve fibers expressing GFSKLYFa-like immunoreactivity are found in the ectoneural and hyponeural divisions of the radial nerve cords as well as in the digestive, haemal, respiratory, and reproductive systems; in the tentacles; and in tube feet. Neuroendocrine-like cells are found in the mucosal layer of the intestine. Ultrastructure immunocytochemical analysis revealed that, in nerve cells and fibers in the serosal layer of the intestine, the immunoreactivity is concentrated in vesicles. The immunoreactive nerve fibers are found mainly within a dense nerve plexus overlying and in close contact with smooth muscle cells of the intestine. The exclusive expression of GFSKLYFa-like immunoreactivity in neuronal or neuroendocrine tissue together with the close apposition of some fibers to muscle cells suggests that GFSKLYFa acts as a neuromuscular transmitter or neuromodulator in H. glaberrima. The wide occurrence of GFSKLYFa-like immunoreactivity throughout the nervous system of the sea cucumber suggests that GFSKLYFa plays an important role in the control of multiple action systems, including digestion, respiration, circulation, reproduction, and locomotion.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'FMRFamide', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Invertebrate Hormones', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Nervous System Physiological Phenomena', 'Neuropeptides', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Sea Cucumbers']
| 7,722,004
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D12.644.400.235', 'D12.776.631.650.235'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D06.472.445'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G11.561'], ['D12.644.400', 'D12.776.631.650'], ['D27.505.519.625', 'D27.505.696.577'], ['B01.050.500.408.560']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Management of a new isolated metastasis during sunitinib treatment in renal cell carcinoma patients: a lesson from two cases.
|
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is a difficult to treat malignancy and currently Sunitinib is a standard of care first-line therapy. A new metastasis during the treatment is considered a sign of drug failure and alternative therapeutic methods should be tried. Here, we report 2 cases of newly diagnosed isolated metastasis during Sunitinib treatment of mRCC patients. Our management plan included local palliative therapy to the lesion followed by recommencing of Sunitinib. This resulted in a good symptomatic relief locally as well as good overall control of the disease.
|
['Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Medical Oncology', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Palliative Care', 'Pyrroles', 'Radiation-Sensitizing Agents', 'Sunitinib', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 21,124,010
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['H02.403.429.515'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['D27.505.954.600'], ['D03.383.129.578.823', 'D03.633.100.473.877'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
eHealth Services for the European Reference Network on Rare Anaemias (eENERCA).
|
This paper presents an electronic registry system for the purposes of the eENERCA for rare congenital conditions that require lifelong follow up and treatment. The main objective of the eENERCA project focusses on the prevention of major rare anaemias (RAs) by facilitating the access, at a European level, to the best genetic counselling, diagnosis and clinical management of the patients with RA independently of their country of origin. This can be achieved by promoting an extension of the full Electronic Health Record system and specifically the electronic registries for RAs, across Europe for the purposes stated hence promoting service development for the benefit of patients. The proposed eRegistry will serve as an epidemiological tool to improve the management of patient services and ultimately improve patient care.
|
['Anemia', 'Congenital Abnormalities', 'Europe', 'Humans', 'Rare Diseases', 'Registries', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 26,152,979
|
[['C15.378.071'], ['C16.131'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.291.906'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Radiomic Profiling of Head and Neck Cancer: 18
|
Background and Purpose: The accurate prediction of prognosis and pattern of failure is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies for patients with cancer, and early evidence suggests that image texture analysis has great potential in predicting outcome both in terms of local control and treatment toxicity. The aim of this study was to assess the value of pretreatment 18F-FDG PET texture analysis for the prediction of treatment failure in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy.Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 90 patients diagnosed with primary HNSCC treated between January 2010 and June 2017 with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment. 18F-FDG PET/CT texture features of the whole primary tumor were measured using an open-source texture analysis package. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was employed to select the features that are associated the most with clinical outcome, as progression-free survival and overall survival. We performed a univariate and multivariate analysis between all the relevant texture parameters and local failure, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, primary tumor site, and primary tumor stage. Harrell c-index was employed to score the predictive power of the multivariate cox regression models.Results: Twenty patients (22.2%) developed local failure, whereas the remaining 70 (77.8%) achieved durable local control. Multivariate analysis revealed that one feature, defined as low-intensity long-run emphasis (LILRE), was a significant predictor of outcome regardless of clinical variables (hazard ratio < 0.001, P=0.001).The multivariate model based on imaging biomarkers resulted superior in predicting local failure with a c-index of 0.76 against 0.65 of the model based on clinical variables alone.Conclusion: LILRE, evaluated on pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT, is associated with higher local failure in patients with HNSCC treated with chemoradiotherapy. Using texture analysis in addition to clinical variables may be useful in predicting local control.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Chemoradiotherapy', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Prognosis', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 30,363,632
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.186.079', 'E02.319.164', 'E02.815.160'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chlorogenic acid decreases intestinal permeability and increases expression of intestinal tight junction proteins in weaned rats challenged with LPS.
|
Chlorogenic acid, a natural phenolic acid present in fruits and plants, provides beneficial effects for human health. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether chlorogenic acid (CHA) could improve the intestinal barrier integrity for weaned rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Thirty-two weaned male Sprague Dawley rats (21 ± 1 d of age; 62.26 ± 2.73 g) were selected and randomly allotted to four treatments, including weaned rat control, LPS-challenged and chlorogenic acid (CHA) supplemented group (orally 20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg body). Dietary supplementation with CHA decreased (P<0.05) the concentrations of urea and albumin in the serum, compared to the LPS-challenged group. The levels of IFN-ã and TNF-á were lower (P<0.05) in the jejunal and colon of weaned rats receiving CHA supplementation, in comparison with the control group. CHA supplementation increased (P<0.05) villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunal and ileal mucosae under condictions of LPS challenge. CHA supplementation decreased (P<0.05) intestinal permeability, which was indicated by the ratio of lactulose to mannitol and serum DAO activity, when compared to weaned rats with LPS challenge. Immunohistochemical analysis of tight junction proteins revealed that ZO-1 and occludin protein abundances in the jejunum and colon were increased (P<0.05) by CHA supplementation. Additionally, results of immunoblot analysis revealed that the amount of occludin in the colon was also increased (P<0.05) in CHA-supplemented rats. In conclusion, CHA decreases intestinal permeability and increases intestinal expression of tight junction proteins in weaned rats challenged with LPS.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Chlorogenic Acid', 'Cytokines', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Inflammation', 'Intestines', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Male', 'Occludin', 'Permeability', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tight Junction Proteins', 'Weaning', 'Zonula Occludens-1 Protein']
| 24,887,396
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D02.241.223.200.185', 'D02.241.223.268.220'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A03.556.124'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['D12.776.543.488.500', 'D12.776.543.940.750'], ['G02.723'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.940'], ['G07.203.650.220.500.750', 'G07.203.650.915'], ['D12.776.543.940.900.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by various marine fish species during the larval stage.
|
Previous studies have indicated that the devil stinger produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) during early development from fertilized egg to larva. To determine whether ROS generation is a common feature in marine fish species, we conducted chemiluminescence analysis using ROS specific probe (L012) on larvae of six marine fish species. Marbled rockfish, black rockfish, and devil stinger showed higher levels of chemiluminescence response (CR), whereas the levels of CR of sevenband grouper, tiger puffer, and red seabream were fairly lower. These CRs were inhibited by the addition of superoxide dismutase. Hypersensitive photon-counting microscopic observation of black rockfish suggested that ROS production was concentrated in the head area. Our results suggest that the larvae of these six marine fishes produce ROS to considerably different extents depending on species, and that rockfish species, belonging to ovoviviparous fish, tend to produce much higher levels of ROS especially at the later larval stage.
|
['Animals', 'Fishes', 'Larva', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Species Specificity', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 17,690,462
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['G16.824'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prognostic significance of karyotype analysis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
|
Chromosome studies, using bone marrow samples of 26 pretreated children (below 15 years of age) with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia were carried out to explore the potentialities of applying chromosomal findings as a prognostic indicator in these patients. Abnormal karyotype was identified in 15 patients (57.6 per cent). The chromosomes frequently involved in non-random numerical abnormalities were Nos. 8, 18 and 21. Structural chromosome changes observed consisted of deletion 6q- and translocation t (4;11). After karyotype analysis, patients were grouped into subsets on the basis of the karyotype pattern observed. They were followed up to evaluate their prognosis and survival period. Patients showing hyperdiploid clone with greater than 51 chromosomes had the best prognosis. Patients with normal karyotype and patients with deletion of the long arm of chromosome 6 showed intermediate prognosis whereas patients showing t (4;11), trisomy 8, trisomy 18, trisomy 21, and hypodiploid karyotype were associated with worst prognosis. Thus, karyotype analysis before treatment helps to classify ALL patients as poor, intermediate and good prognosis groups and on this basis therapy can be designed accordingly.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Chromosome Deletion', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Karyotyping', 'Male', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'Prognosis', 'Translocation, Genetic']
| 1,296,934
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['C23.550.210.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.029.530.175', 'G05.365.590.175.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.762.180', 'G05.558.800.180', 'G05.700.131.500.500'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.355', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.355'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.415.430', 'G05.360.162.520.300.415.430'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.505.510', 'G05.360.162.520.300.505.510'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.280.285', 'G05.360.162.520.300.280.285'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.330', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.330'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.340', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.550.210.870', 'G05.365.590.175.870', 'G05.558.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The use of retrosternally placed colon in esophageal replacement.
|
The authors present a review article evaluating the use of the colon as a replacement for the esophagus. We present current indications for both benign and malignant conditions and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the technical possibilities of esophageal reconstruction. The surgical technique utilizing the vascular bundle of the left colic artery and retrosternal location of the colonic conduit is discussed and documented in detail. Furthermore, we describe both early and late complications, including their management. We conclude that the colon is a safe technical possibility for esophageal replacement with satisfactory early and long-term results in cases where gastric conduit is not available. Key words: esophageal replacement with colonic interposition - esophageal replacement complications - colon interposition for esophageal replacement technique - coloplasty - esophageal replacement surgery.
|
['Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Colon', 'Esophagus', 'Humans', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 30,442,011
|
[['E04.035'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The c.657del5 variant in the NBN gene predisposes to pancreatic cancer.
|
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the sixth most frequent cancer type in the Czech Republic with a poor prognosis that could be improved by an early detection and subsequent surgical treatment combined with chemotherapy. Genetic factors play an important role in PDAC risk. We previously identified one PDAC patient harboring the Slavic founder deleterious mutation c.657del5 in the NBN gene, using a panel next-generation sequencing (NGS). A subsequent analysis of 241 unselected PDAC patients revealed other mutation carriers. The overall frequency of c.657del5 in unselected PDAC patients (5/241; 2.07%) significantly differed from that in non-cancer controls (2/915; 0.2%; P=0.006). The result indicates that the NBN c.657del5 variant represents a novel PDAC-susceptibility allele increasing PDAC risk (OR=9.7; 95% CI: 1.9 to 50.2). The increased risk of PDAC in follow-up recommendations for NBN mutation carriers should be considered if other studies also confirm an increased frequency of c.657del5 carriers in PDAC patients from other populations.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Czechoslovakia', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Pedigree']
| 27,150,568
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.750', 'C04.557.470.615.132.750', 'C04.588.274.761.750', 'C04.588.322.475.750', 'C06.301.761.750', 'C06.689.667.625', 'C19.344.421.750'], ['D12.776.167'], ['Z01.586.250'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.660'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E05.393.673']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Variability of Australopithecus second maxillary molars from Sterkfontein Member 4.
|
The question of how many Australopithecus species lived at Sterkfontein Member 4 and Makapansgat continues to be controversial inasmuch as the fossils are poorly preserved, the stratigraphy is difficult to interpret, and the cranial, dental, and postcranial remains are mostly not associated. To proceed we applied the most intensive modern methods of 3D geometric morphometrics to dental form, specifically the shapes of the upper second molars (M(2)s) in a sample combining 13 Australopithecus, 11 Paranthropus, and 23 Homo. We analyzed outer and inner crown surfaces, as well as crown and cervical outlines both separately and together, using a total of 16 landmarks, 51 curve semilandmarks, and 48 pseudolandmarks over the four structures. Outer and inner enamel surfaces are highly correlated in this dataset, while crown outline is the least informative of the four structures. Homo was easily distinguished from both Australopithecus and Paranthropus by these methods, likewise Homo sapiens from Homo neanderthalensis. There were, however, no stable classes within the Australopithecus sample or between Australopithecus and Paranthropus. Instead, there was a gradient along which Australopithecus prometheus and Australopithecus africanus lie toward the extremes, with Paranthropus overlapping both. If there are indeed different species at this site, then either their M(2) morphologies are uninformative or else the present sample is too small to make an accurate assessment. Our findings suggest that the variability of the Australopithecus specimens will be difficult to interpret authoritatively, independent of the method used.
|
['Animals', 'Anthropometry', 'Fossils', 'Hominidae', 'Humans', 'Molar', 'Paleodontology', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'South Africa']
| 26,163,295
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['I01.076.368.584.583'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Impact of variation in ADRB2, ADRB3, and GNB3 genes on body mass index and waist circumference in a Brazilian population.
|
The potential effect of variants in three catecholaminergic pathway genes (ADRB2, ADRB3, and GNB3) on obesity-related traits was investigated in an European-derived Brazilian population. Three-hundred and thirty-five individuals were screened for the ADRB2 Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu, ADRB3 Trp64Arg, and GNB3 814G-->A and 825C-->T polymorphisms using PCR-based methods. The association of the polymorphisms with quantitative variables was tested separately in each sex by analysis of covariance using general linear models, including age as a covariate. Only the ADRB2 Arg16Gly polymorphism was associated with higher body mass index and waist circumference. This association was restricted to the male sample. As the number of studies increases, it becomes clear that the genetic bases of obesity are complex, with sex-specific effects a playing an important role in its etiology. In the context of this European-derived population, the ADRB2 gene accounts for a significant part of obesity-related phenotypes in males.
|
['Adult', 'Body Constitution', 'Body Mass Index', 'Brazil', 'Female', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Linkage Disequilibrium', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3']
| 16,493,638
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115', 'G07.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['G05.330'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.348.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340.200', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340.725', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340.300', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340.900', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340.300']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Sorting of the yeast vacuolar-type, proton-translocating ATPase enzyme complex (V-ATPase): identification of a necessary and sufficient Golgi/endosomal retention signal in Stv1p.
|
Subunit a of the yeast vacuolar-type, proton-translocating ATPase enzyme complex (V-ATPase) is responsible for both proton translocation and subcellular localization of this highly conserved molecular machine. Inclusion of the Vph1p isoform causes the V-ATPase complex to traffic to the vacuolar membrane, whereas incorporation of Stv1p causes continued cycling between the trans-Golgi and endosome. We previously demonstrated that this targeting information is contained within the cytosolic, N-terminal portion of V-ATPase subunit a (Stv1p). To identify residues responsible for sorting of the Golgi isoform of the V-ATPase, a random mutagenesis was performed on the N terminus of Stv1p. Subsequent characterization of mutant alleles led to the identification of a short peptide sequence, W(83)KY, that is necessary for proper Stv1p localization. Based on three-dimensional homology modeling to the Meiothermus ruber subunit I, we propose a structural model of the intact Stv1p-containing V-ATPase demonstrating the accessibility of the W(83)KY sequence to retrograde sorting machinery. Finally, we characterized the sorting signal within the context of a reconstructed Stv1p ancestor (Anc.Stv1). This evolutionary intermediate includes an endogenous W(83)KY sorting motif and is sufficient to compete with sorting of the native yeast Stv1p V-ATPase isoform. These data define a novel sorting signal that is both necessary and sufficient for trafficking of the V-ATPase within the Golgi/endosomal network.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'Endosomes', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Isoenzymes', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Sorting Signals', 'Protein Transport', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Structural Homology, Protein', 'Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'trans-Golgi Network']
| 22,496,448
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D12.644.770', 'G02.111.570.060.670'], ['G03.143.700'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.805', 'G02.111.810.200.820', 'G05.820'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325.875', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500.875', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500.875', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500.875'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Maintaining forward view of the surgical site for best endoscopic practice.
|
Endoscopic surgery performed through patients' natural orifices (NOTES procedures) often require some degree of retroflexion of the operating system. This can cause a misalignment between the displayed image and the actual work plane, leading to performance difficulties. This study investigated the impact of retroflexion on task performance in a simulated environment. Surgeons were required to perform an aiming and pointing task under two experimental conditions: forward-view vs. retroflexed-view. Results showed that both expert and novice surgeons required significantly longer time for completing the task when the scope was retroflexed, compared to when the scope faced forwards. Results address the importance of careful selection of the surgical approach to avoid image retroflexion. Further analysis revealed that the novices were more vulnerable than experts to image distortion with the retroflexed view. This addresses the necessity for surgeons to go through extensive endoscopic training to overcome the visual-motor challenges before they can perform NOTES procedures safely and effectively.
|
['Endoscopy', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Telemedicine', 'User-Computer Interface', 'Visual Perception']
| 21,335,892
|
[['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['H02.403.840', 'L01.178.847.652', 'N04.590.374.800'], ['L01.224.900.910'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
IR820 covalently linked with self-assembled polypeptide for photothermal therapy applications in cancer.
|
Owing to the unique advantages of high specificity and minimal invasiveness, photothermal therapy (PTT) has been evidenced with great potential in cancer treatment. However, most photothermal agents present a shortage of photobleaching and nonspecific biodistribution in clinical application. In this study, we conjugated a new Indocyanine Green Dye (IR820) with self-assembled polypeptide (ELP) via chemical bonding in an aqueous environment. This preparation method could effectively avoid damaging the polypeptide. ELP-IR820 was fabricated as nanoconjugates with diameters of approximately 50 nm. The use of ELP-IR820 notably enhanced photothermal-mediated cytotoxicity on CT-26 cancer cells. We demonstrate that the ELP-IR820 nanoparticles significantly improved drug accumulation in the tumor and photothermal effect in vivo compared to the free dye and monomer ELP-IR820. ELP-IR820 nanoparticle also exhibited outstanding ability to cause prominent tumor tissue growth inhibition via the photothermal effect. No noticeable toxicity was detected for all treatment groups. These investigations broaden the application of NIR dyes as a multimodal photothermal therapy platform.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperthermia, Induced', 'Indocyanine Green', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Nanoparticles', 'Peptides', 'Phototherapy', 'Temperature', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 30,229,774
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.565'], ['D03.633.100.473.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D12.644'], ['E02.774'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Odd E. Hanssen and the Hanssen method for measurement of single-nephron glomerular filtration rate.
|
In the middle of the twentieth century, the suspicion that deep and superficial nephrons might serve different functions created a demand for measurement of single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR). Rather unexpectedly, the answer came from Odd E. Hanssen (1917-1964), a Norwegian physician working on his own in the Department of Pathological Anatomy, University of Oslo, with minimal support and no interaction with renal physiologists. In 1963, after nearly 10 years of work, he presented the ferrocyanide method, allowing simultaneous estimates of SNGFR in a large number of nephrons in all layers of the kidney. This review first describes his early visions of the method and the elaborate and extremely time-consuming studies in mice to verify the technique. As a byproduct came valuable information on the relationship between nephron size and SNGFR, glomerular intermittency, and the emptying of the tubules on filtration stop. Hanssen died from a cerebral hemorrhage in 1964, and for several years the method seemed entirely forgotten. Fortunately, Andrew Baines took up the use of ferrocyanide in 1963-1964 while working on his thesis in Toronto, but his first publication came in 1969 from Saclay, France, in collaboration with Christian de Rouffignac. Modifications allowing determination of absolute SNGFR were worked out by de Rouffignac and by Jaime Coehlo in New York. Thereafter, the "Hanssen method" spread rapidly, and in the early 1980s about 50 reports had been published from 17 laboratories in 9 countries. The distribution of SNGFR in mammals, birds, and fish was described, as well as the response to water and salt loads, vasoactive substances, hormones, varying perfusion pressure, blood loss, etc. Finally, after mentioning two recent methods inspired by the Hanssen technique but using other filtration markers, the review concludes that most of our present knowledge on SNGFR distribution and regulation has been obtained by the method developed by Hanssen 40 years ago.
|
['Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'History, 20th Century', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Nephrons', 'Norway', 'Pathology', 'Physiology']
| 11,502,589
|
[['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['A05.810.453.736'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['H02.403.650'], ['H01.158.782']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[The relationship between astronauts erroneous actions, their psychophysiological state and work and rest regimen].
|
The correlation analysis of the data obtained in the MIR 18, and 21 through to 23 main missions was supportive of the strong dependence of erroneous actions by cosmonauts, their psychophysiologic state and the work/rest schedule. This conclusion guidelined the development of a prototype of technique to perform an integrated analysis of erroneous crew actions which can also help to identification of impacts of psychophysiologic state and deviations from the requisite rest/work schedule in order to set the origin of erroneous actions, and to work out recommendations towards the enhancement of ground-based crew training and other matters. With these findings, the predictive virtues of the technique has been demonstrated.
|
['Aerospace Medicine', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Mental Health', 'Rest', 'Safety', 'Space Flight', 'Work']
| 10,530,378
|
[['H02.403.029'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['I03.450.769.647'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['J01.937.285.850'], ['I03.946']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Micro-analytical GO/HRP bioreactor for glucose determination and bioprocess monitoring.
|
A bi-enzymatic micro-analytical bioreactor integrated in a FIA system for glucose measurements is described. Its robustness and small dimensions (working volume of about 70 microl containing approximately 1.2 mg GO and 0.26 mg HRP) make it easy to operate. The column is based on immobilisation of glucose oxidase (GO) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on alkylamine controlled pore glass (CPG) beads. The column has excellent shelf life (no significant loss of activity after 1 year if kept at 4 degrees C), and a very high operational stability that was demonstrated through extensive usage for glucose determinations over 1 year period during which the column retained almost all of its activity. More importantly, this operational stability allows glucose monitoring in the culture media without a decay of signal over the experiment time and consequently no signal correction or re-calibration is needed. This high operational stability was also confirmed by continuous glucose conversion with 30% activity loss after converting quantity of glucose equivalent to 21600 FIA injections of 20 microl with 1.7 mM glucose. Such good performance is a result of an optimised immobilisation method and moreover of the implementation of in situ enzyme stabilisation strategy which consisted on promoting the instantaneous H2O2 consumption produced by the GO. This strategy has the additional advantage of allowing concomitant assay of the H2O2 based on the HAP catalysed co-oxidation of phenol-4-sulphonic acid (PSA) in the presence of 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP). The glucose measurements are reproducible with high precision against the standard HPLC method. Linear range and sensitivity depend on sample injection volume; the upper limit is about 1.1 g/l. Lower detection limit is 10mg/l. The column performance has been validated for E. coli and S. cerevisiae fermentation monitoring, and glucose measurements in an animal cell culture (rat Langerhans islets).
|
['Animals', 'Bioreactors', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Colorimetry', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Escherichia coli', 'Flow Injection Analysis', 'Glucose', 'Glucose Oxidase', 'Horseradish Peroxidase', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Miniaturization', 'Pancreas, Artificial', 'Rats', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']
| 15,741,063
|
[['B01.050'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['E05.601.043'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['E05.196.460'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D08.811.682.047.239'], ['D08.811.682.732.512'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['J01.897.520'], ['E07.858.082.760'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning in a Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model: A Comparative Experimental Study in Rats.
|
BACKGROUND: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is an unavoidable aspect of transplantation, as well as an important cause of acute kidney injury in clinical practice. Pre- and post-ischemic conditioning are strategies that may provide organs with resistance to major ischemic events. This study evaluates the effects of ischemic preconditioning and ischemic postconditioning, either separately or in combination, after an acute ischemia-reperfusion kidney injury.METHODS: Forty Wistar rats received isoflurane anesthesia and were randomized into 5 groups: 1. the sham group underwent laparotomy; 2. the control group underwent laparotomy and 30 minutes of renal ischemia followed by reperfusion; 3. the preconditioning group underwent laparotomy, ischemic preconditioning, and 30 minutes of renal ischemia followed by reperfusion; 4. the preconditioning and postconditioning group underwent laparotomy, ischemic preconditioning, 30 minutes of renal ischemia, and ischemic postconditioning followed by reperfusion; and 5. the postconditioning group underwent laparotomy, 30 minutes of renal ischemia, and ischemic postconditioning followed by reperfusion. Serum analyses of creatinine and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were performed, and renal histology was examined 24 hours later.RESULTS: Severe tubular injury and increases in creatinine were observed in all groups except the sham group. The control group and all ischemic conditioning groups were no different in the degree of renal injury and values of NGAL and creatinine after the injury.CONCLUSIONS: Ischemic preconditioning and ischemic postconditioning, together or separately, are unable to preserve kidney function or exert a protective effect against tubular cell injury after an acute ischemia-reperfusion kidney injury.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Animals', 'Ischemic Postconditioning', 'Ischemic Preconditioning', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reperfusion Injury']
| 30,501,900
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['B01.050'], ['E02.587'], ['E02.592', 'E05.516'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genome-wide expression analysis reveals dysregulation of myelination-related genes in chronic schizophrenia.
|
Neuropathological and brain imaging studies suggest that schizophrenia may result from neurodevelopmental defects. Cytoarchitectural studies indicate cellular abnormalities suggestive of a disruption in neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia, particularly in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying these findings remain unclear. To identify molecular substrates associated with schizophrenia, DNA microarray analysis was used to assay gene expression levels in postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic and control patients. Genes determined to have altered expression levels in schizophrenics relative to controls are involved in a number of biological processes, including synaptic plasticity, neuronal development, neurotransmission, and signal transduction. Most notable was the differential expression of myelination-related genes suggesting a disruption in oligodendrocyte function in schizophrenia.
|
['Chronic Disease', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genome, Human', 'Humans', 'Myelin Sheath', 'Schizophrenia']
| 11,296,301
|
[['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.637.600.500', 'A08.637.800.500', 'A08.675.542.512.560', 'A08.800.800.690.500', 'A10.755.503', 'A11.284.149.165.600', 'A11.650.600.500', 'A11.650.800.500', 'A11.671.501.512.560', 'A11.671.514.553'], ['F03.700.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of glycemic control in the pre-conception period and early pregnancy on birth weight in women with IDDM.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine data from pregnancies in women with IDDM to assess the relative effects of mean glycosylated hemoglobin levels before conception, at booking, and during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy on birth weight. Good glycemic control during pregnancy in women with IDDM is important to minimize the risk of fetal malformation and macrosomia. Recent studies have suggested that glycemic control in the 1st trimester is more important than glycemic control during the 2nd or 3rd trimesters.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The case records of 65 deliveries to women with IDDM were reviewed. Fifty-seven deliveries were included in the present study. Of the deliveries reviewed, 32 women were in their first pregnancy and 25 women were multiparous. Only viable pregnancies were included because the major outcome variable of interest was birth weight. Glycosylated hemoglobin was recorded for each time period.RESULTS: The median standardized birth weight was 1.1 SD higher than the nondiabetic mean. When pregnancies, in which the birth weight was greater than 1 SD above the nondiabetic mean, were compared with pregnancies, in which birth weight was less than 1 SD above the mean, significant differences were observed between the groups in HbA1 at 6-12 months pre-conception (10.0 +/- 2.3 vs. 8.6 +/- 1.4%, P = 0.02), at 0-6 months pre-conception (10.2 +/- 2.4 vs. 8.7 +/- 2.0%, P = 0.03), at booking (9.5 +/- 2.2 vs. 8.4 +/- 1.6%, P = 0.04), and at 0-12 weeks' gestation (9.5 +/- 2.2 vs. 8.0 +/- 1.3%, P = 0.04), but HbA1 later in pregnancy did not differ significantly between the groups. Correlational analysis of all 57 pregnancies revealed significant correlations between birth weight and HbA1 at 0-6 months pre-conception (r = 0.44, P = 0.002), at booking (r = 0.43, P = 0.001), at 0-12 weeks' gestation (r = 0.48, P = 0.001), at 12-24 weeks' gestation (r = 0.45, P = 0.001), and at 24 weeks to term (r = 0.34, P = 0.009). However, with stepwise regression analysis, only HbA1 at 0-12 weeks' gestation entered into the equation with a multiple r value of 0.48.CONCLUSIONS: Glycemic control in the immediate pre-conception period and early 1st trimester appears to have a greater influence on birth weight than does glycemic control during the later weeks of pregnancy.
|
['Adult', 'Age of Onset', 'Birth Weight', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Female', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Parity', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Pregnancy in Diabetics', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 9,571,338
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['C13.703.726'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Enhanced production of plumbagin in immobilized cells of Plumbago rosea by elicitation and in situ adsorption.
|
Cell cultures of Plumbago rosea were immobilized in calcium alginate and cultured in Murashige and Skoog's basal medium containing 10 mM CaCl(2) for the production of plumbagin, an important medicinal compound. Studies were carried to find out the impact of immobilization on the increased accumulation of this secondary metabolite. Immobilization in calcium alginate enhanced the production of plumbagin by three, two and one folds compared to that of control, un-crosslinked alginate and CaCl(2) treated cells respectively. Cell loading at a level of 20% to the polymer volume (Na-alginate) was optimal and maximum plumbagin was obtained. At higher cell loading (40-50%), lower plumbagin accumulation was noticed. Addition of 200 mg l(-1) chitosan as an elicitor to the immobilized cells resulted in eight and two folds higher accumulation of plumbagin over control and immobilized cells. Also, more than 70% of the plumbagin was released into the medium, which is highly desirable for easy recovery of the product. Sucrose utilization rate of the cells was higher when cells were subjected to in situ product removal using Amberlite XAD-7. This may indicate that the toxicity of plumbagin was reduced on cells when it was removed from the medium. Cells subjected to combined treatments of chitosan, immobilization and in situ extraction showed a synergistic effect and yielded 92.13 mg g(-1) DCW of plumbagin which is 21, 5.7, 2.5 times higher than control, immobilized, immobilized and elicited cells respectively.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Adsorption', 'Alginates', 'Calcium Chloride', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cells, Immobilized', 'Chitin', 'Chitosan', 'Glucuronic Acid', 'Hexuronic Acids', 'Naphthoquinones', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plumbaginaceae', 'Polystyrenes', 'Sucrose']
| 12,568,747
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D09.698.068'], ['D01.146.300', 'D01.210.450.150.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.270'], ['D05.750.078.139', 'D09.698.211'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162.249', 'D02.241.152.811.162.500', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162.500', 'D09.811.922.162.500'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.400', 'D02.241.152.811.400', 'D02.241.511.902.915.400', 'D09.811.922.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721', 'D02.806.550', 'D04.615.638.721'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.198.500.937'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800.830', 'D05.750.716.579', 'D25.720.716.579', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Early education of children with surgically treated cleft palate].
|
Certain children operated upon for a cleft palate fail to achieve an intelligible organization of speech, making the educational role of the parents extremely difficult. These children must be detected as soon as possible for early treatment. Early training will emphasize the acquiring of bucco-phonatory praxis, velar mechanisms, and also the stimulation of language acquisition.
|
['Cleft Palate', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Language Therapy', 'Postoperative Period', 'Speech Therapy', 'Time Factors']
| 2,636,729
|
[['C05.500.460.185', 'C05.660.207.540.460.185', 'C07.320.440.185', 'C07.465.525.185', 'C07.650.500.460.185', 'C07.650.525.185', 'C16.131.621.207.540.460.185', 'C16.131.850.500.460.185', 'C16.131.850.525.185'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.727.344', 'E02.831.727.344'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.727.552', 'E02.831.727.552'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rad9/53BP1 protects stalled replication forks from degradation in Mec1/ATR-defective cells.
|
Nucleolytic processing by nucleases can be a relevant mechanism to allow repair/restart of stalled replication forks. However, nuclease action needs to be controlled to prevent overprocessing of damaged replication forks that can be detrimental to genome stability. The checkpoint protein Rad9/53BP1 is known to limit nucleolytic degradation (resection) of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in both yeast and mammals. Here, we show that loss of the inhibition that Rad9 exerts on resection exacerbates the sensitivity to replication stress of Mec1/ATR-defective yeast cells by exposing stalled replication forks to Dna2-dependent degradation. This Rad9 protective function is independent of checkpoint activation and relies mainly on Rad9-Dpb11 interaction. We propose that Rad9/53BP1 supports cell viability by protecting stalled replication forks from extensive resection when the intra-S checkpoint is not fully functional.
|
['Cell Cycle Proteins', 'DNA Replication', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Microbial Viability', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1']
| 29,301,856
|
[['D12.776.167'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['G06.580'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G07.775'], ['D12.776.260.805', 'D12.776.660.235.850', 'D12.776.664.235.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dot/Icm-Translocated Proteins Important for Biogenesis of the Coxiella burnetii-Containing Vacuole Identified by Screening of an Effector Mutant Sublibrary.
|
Coxiella burnetii is an intracellular pathogen that replicates in a lysosome-derived vacuole. A determinant necessary for C. burnetii virulence is the Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system (T4SS). The Dot/Icm system delivers more than 100 proteins, called type IV effectors (T4Es), across the vacuolar membrane into the host cell cytosol. Several T4Es have been shown to be important for vacuolar biogenesis. Here, transposon (Tn) insertion sequencing technology (INSeq) was used to identify C. burnetii Nine Mile phase II mutants in an arrayed library, which facilitated the identification and clonal isolation of mutants deficient in 70 different T4E proteins. These effector mutants were screened in HeLa cells for deficiencies in Coxiella-containing vacuole (CCV) biogenesis. This screen identified and validated seven new T4Es that were important for vacuole biogenesis. Loss-of-function mutations in cbu0414 (coxH1), cbu0513, cbu0978 (cem3), cbu1387 (cem6), cbu1524 (caeA), cbu1752, or cbu2028 resulted in a small-vacuole phenotype. These seven mutant strains produced small CCVs in all cells tested, which included macrophage-like cells. The cbu2028::Tn mutant, though unable to develop large CCVs, had intracellular replication rates similar to the rate of the parental strain of C. burnetii, whereas the other six effector mutants defective in CCV biogenesis displayed significant reductions in intracellular replication. Vacuoles created by the cbu0513::Tn mutant did not accumulate lipidated microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3 (LC3-II), suggesting a failure in fusion of the CCV with autophagosomes. These seven T4E proteins add to the growing repertoire of C. burnetii factors that contribute to CCV biogenesis.
|
['Autophagosomes', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacterial Secretion Systems', 'Coxiella burnetii', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Lysosomes', 'Macrophages', 'Mutation', 'Protein Transport', 'Q Fever', 'Vacuoles']
| 29,339,460
|
[['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.700.500'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D05.500.890.500'], ['B03.440.400.425.297.150.100', 'B03.660.250.132.150.100'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G03.143.700'], ['C01.150.252.400.755'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.920']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Humoral responses in rabbits immunized with two fractions of Haemonchus contortus: the antigen specificity of such antibodies.
|
Humoral responses were examined in rabbits immunized with either 28-40 kDa (Fraction 1) or a 19-24 kDa (Fraction 2) antigenic fraction from soluble antigens (Sol L3 Ag) from infective larvae (L3) of Haemonchus contortus. These fractions were eluted from electrophoretically separated Sol L3 Ag. Immunoblots revealed antibodies to Fraction 1 (fr. 1) or Fraction 2 (fr. 2) polypeptides as well as to several other molecular weight polypeptides of the Sol L3 Ag. The latter antibodies were shown by absorption studies not to be Sol L3 Ag cross-reactive anti-bacterial rabbit antibodies. When Sol L3 Ag was affinity-purified using monoclonal antibody to phosphorylcholine (PC) and the resulting fractions were further analysed by immunoblotting using rabbit anti fr. 1 or anti fr. 2 antiserum, the PC antigen was found to be shared between fr. 1 and other polypeptides of Sol L3 Ag. Using the rabbit antibody fractions eluted from nitrocellulose membranes containing fr. 1 or 2 polypeptides, it was found that these fractions contained antibody that bound mainly to fr. 1 and only to fr. 2 polypeptides of Sol L3 Ag. It is concluded that, from the present immune rabbit sera, antibodies specific for either fr. 1 or fr. 2 may be isolated and then used to purify small amounts of the corresponding antigens.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antibodies, Helminth', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Helminth', 'Cross Reactions', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Epitopes', 'Haemonchus', 'Immunization', 'Immunoblotting', 'Larva', 'Rabbits', 'Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms']
| 1,281,589
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.185', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.185', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.185'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D23.050.223'], ['G12.122.281'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D23.050.550'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.968.746.410'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G06.320.676']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Global changes in the rat heart proteome induced by prolonged morphine treatment and withdrawal.
|
Morphine belongs among the most commonly used opioids in medical practice due to its strong analgesic effects. However, sustained administration of morphine leads to the development of tolerance and dependence and may cause long-lasting alterations in nervous tissue. Although proteomic approaches enabled to reveal changes in multiple gene expression in the brain as a consequence of morphine treatment, there is lack of information about the effect of this drug on heart tissue. Here we studied the effect of 10-day morphine exposure and subsequent drug withdrawal (3 or 6 days) on the rat heart proteome. Using the iTRAQ technique, we identified 541 proteins in the cytosol, 595 proteins in the plasma membrane-enriched fraction and 538 proteins in the mitochondria-enriched fraction derived from the left ventricles. Altogether, the expression levels of 237 proteins were altered by morphine treatment or withdrawal. The majority of changes (58 proteins) occurred in the cytosol after a 3-day abstinence period. Significant alterations were found in the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP27, á-B crystallin, HSP70, HSP10 and HSP60), whose levels were markedly up-regulated after morphine treatment or withdrawal. Besides that morphine exposure up-regulated MAPK p38 (isoform CRA_b) which is a well-known up-stream mediator of phosphorylation and activation of HSP27 and á-B crystallin. Whereas there were no alterations in the levels of proteins involved in oxidative stress, several changes were determined in the levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. These data provide a complex view on quantitative changes in the cardiac proteome induced by morphine treatment or withdrawal and demonstrate great sensitivity of this organ to morphine.
|
['Animals', 'Chaperonin 10', 'Chaperonin 60', 'Crystallins', 'HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Male', 'Morphine', 'Morphine Dependence', 'Myocardium', 'Proteome', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome']
| 23,056,601
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.580.216.210.590.500'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.142.500.500', 'D12.776.580.216.210.590.750'], ['D12.776.306.366'], ['D12.776.580.216.270.625'], ['D12.776.580.216.375'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['C25.775.643.500.600', 'F03.900.647.500.600'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D12.776.817'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Telmisartan protects against diabetic vascular complications in a mouse model of obesity and type 2 diabetes, partially through peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-ã-dependent activity.
|
Experimental and clinical data support the notion that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ã (PPARã) activation is associated with anti-atherosclerosis as well as anti-diabetic effect. Telmisartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), acts as a partial PPARã agonist. We hypothesized that telmisartan protects against diabetic vascular complications, through PPARã activation. We compared the effects of telmisartan, telmisartan combined with GW9662 (a PPARã antagonist), and losartan with no PPARã activity on vascular injury in obese type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Compared to losartan, telmisartan significantly ameliorated vascular endothelial dysfunction, downregulation of phospho-eNOS, and coronary arterial remodeling in db/db mice. More vascular protective effects of telmisartan than losartan were associated with greater anti-inflammatory effects of telmisartan, as shown by attenuation of vascular nuclear factor kappa B (NFêB) activation and tumor necrosis factor á. Coadministration of GW9662 with telmisartan abolished the above mentioned greater protective effects of telmisartan against vascular injury than losartan in db/db mice. Thus, PPARã activity appears to be involved in the vascular protective effects of telmisartan in db/db mice. Moreover, telmisartan, but not losartan, prevented the downregulation of vascular PPARã in db/db mice and this effect of telmisartan was cancelled by the coadministration of GW9662. Our data provided the first evidence indicating that PPARã activity of telmisartan contributed to the protective effects of telmisartan against diabetic vascular complication. PPARã activity of telmisartan was involved in the normalization of vascular PPARã downregulation in diabetic mice. Thus, telmisartan seems to exert vascular protective effects in hypertensive patients with diabetes.
|
['Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Anilides', 'Animals', 'Benzimidazoles', 'Benzoates', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Obesity', 'PPAR gamma', 'Telmisartan']
| 21,679,694
|
[['D27.505.519.162.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['D02.065.199', 'D02.092.146.113'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.103'], ['D02.241.223.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185.849', 'D03.633.100.103.791']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antimicrobial Peptides, Polymorphic Toxins, and Self-Nonself Recognition Systems in Archaea: an Untapped Armory for Intermicrobial Conflicts.
|
Numerous, diverse, highly variable defense and offense genetic systems are encoded in most bacterial genomes and are involved in various forms of conflict among competing microbes or their eukaryotic hosts. Here we focus on the offense and self-versus-nonself discrimination systems encoded by archaeal genomes that so far have remained largely uncharacterized and unannotated. Specifically, we analyze archaeal genomic loci encoding polymorphic and related toxin systems and ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides. Using sensitive methods for sequence comparison and the "guilt by association" approach, we identified such systems in 141 archaeal genomes. These toxins can be classified into four major groups based on the structure of the components involved in the toxin delivery. The toxin domains are often shared between and within each system. We revisit halocin families and substantially expand the halocin C8 family, which was identified in diverse archaeal genomes and also certain bacteria. Finally, we employ features of protein sequences and genomic locus organization characteristic of archaeocins and polymorphic toxins to identify candidates for analogous but not necessarily homologous systems among uncharacterized protein families. This work confidently predicts that more than 1,600 archaeal proteins, currently annotated as "hypothetical" in public databases, are components of conflict and self-versus-nonself discrimination systems.IMPORTANCE Diverse and highly variable systems involved in biological conflicts and self-versus-nonself discrimination are ubiquitous in bacteria but much less studied in archaea. We performed comprehensive comparative genomic analyses of the archaeal systems that share components with analogous bacterial systems and propose an approach to identify new systems that could be involved in these functions. We predict polymorphic toxin systems in 141 archaeal genomes and identify new, archaea-specific toxin and immunity protein families. These systems are widely represented in archaea and are predicted to play major roles in interactions between species and in intermicrobial conflicts. This work is expected to stimulate experimental research to advance the understanding of poorly characterized major aspects of archaeal biology.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides', 'Archaea', 'Archaeal Proteins', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genome, Archaeal', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Genomics', 'Microbial Interactions', 'Toxins, Biological']
| 31,064,832
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.644.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054'], ['B02'], ['D12.776.090'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.360.340.358.050'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['G06.550'], ['D23.946']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Green tea extract and its polyphenols markedly inhibit luminol-dependent chemiluminescence activated by peroxynitrite or SIN-1.
|
This study is based on a simple chemical interaction of peroxynitrite (OONO-) and luminol, which produces blue light upon oxidation. Since peroxynitrite has a half-life of less than 1 s, a drug known as SIN-1 is used as a peroxynitrite generator. In addition peroxynitrite itself was used directly with a fast injection-mixing system to ascertain whether there are differences between it and the peroxynitrite-generating system (SIN-1) which mimics the natural production of (OONO-). Peroxynitrite is a potent oxidizing compound (1000 times more active than equidose hydrogen peroxide) and it can oxidize carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Upon stimulation by inflammation and/or infection, macrophages and neutrophils can be activated to produce large amounts of peroxynitrite. We are interested in simple chemicals that are non-toxic that could inhibit or destroy peroxynitrite, which might otherwise cause inappropriate damage to blood and tissues. Green tea is a complex mixture containing several potent major antioxidant constituents, eg flavins and/or polyphenols. The constituents in green tea may react directly or indirectly with peroxynitrite or its constituents through the process of antioxidation to inhibit light. Alternatively, compounds could produce superoxide which, when reacted with nitric oxide, could produce more peroxynitrite and hence more light with luminol. Therefore, as the tea or antioxidants from tea are diluted, while the peroxynitrite or its precursors are kept at a constant concentration, one can observe unusual behaviour regarding light emission. Initially, at high doses of tea or antioxidant, one observes clear inhibition of the light generated from the reaction of peroxynitrite and luminol. However, at dilute concentrations of antioxidants, one can often observe stimulation of light. Possible reasons for these observations are discussed.
|
['Catechin', 'Flavonoids', 'Kinetics', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Luminol', 'Molsidomine', 'Nitrates', 'Nitric Oxide Donors', 'Oxidants', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phenols', 'Plant Extracts', 'Polymers', 'Tea']
| 10,660,664
|
[['D03.383.663.283.240.190', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.206', 'D03.633.100.150.240.190', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.206'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['D03.383.710.350'], ['D03.383.129.462.580.693.450', 'D03.383.533.640.362'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D27.505.519.656', 'D27.505.954.411.590'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D20.215.784.844', 'G07.203.100.831', 'J02.200.831']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Leukotriene B4 signaling through NF-kappaB-dependent BLT1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis and intimal hyperplasia.
|
Leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)), a potent leukocyte chemoattractant derived from the 5-lipoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid, exerts its action by means of specific cell surface receptors, denoted BLT(1) and BLT(2). In this study, BLT(1) receptor proteins were detected in human carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques, colocalizing with markers for macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC). Challenge of human coronary artery SMC with either LTB(4) or U75302, a partial agonist that is selective for the BLT(1) receptor, induced an approximately 4-fold increase of whole-cell currents by using the patch-clamp technique, indicating that these cells express functional BLT(1) receptors. LTB(4) induced migration and proliferation of SMC in vitro, and treatment with the BLT receptor antagonist BIIL 284 (10 mg/kg, once daily) for 14 days after carotid artery balloon injury in vivo inhibited intimal hyperplasia in rats. In the latter model, SMC derived from the intima exhibited increased levels of BLT(1) receptor mRNA compared with medial SMC. BLT receptor up-regulation in the intima in vivo, as well as that induced by IL-1beta in vitro, were prevented by transfection with a dominant-negative form of Ikappa kinase beta carried by adenovirus, indicating that BLT(1) receptor expression depends on NF-kappaBeta. These results show that LTB(4) activates functional BLT(1) receptors on vascular SMC, inducing chemotaxis and proliferation, and that BLT(1) receptors were up-regulated through an Ikappa kinase beta/NF-kappaB-dependent pathway. Inhibition of LTB(4)/BLT(1) signaling during the response to vascular injury reduced intimal hyperplasia, suggesting this pathway as a possible target for therapy.
|
['Amidines', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Carbamates', 'Carotid Artery Injuries', 'Cell Movement', 'Electrophysiology', 'Fatty Alcohols', 'Glycols', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Leukotriene B4', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'NF-kappa B', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists', 'Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Leukotriene B4', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tunica Intima', 'Up-Regulation']
| 16,293,697
|
[['D02.078'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D02.241.081.251'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.345', 'C10.228.140.300.350.500', 'C10.900.250.300', 'C14.907.253.123.345', 'C14.907.253.535.500', 'C26.915.200.200'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['D02.033.415', 'D10.289'], ['D02.033.455'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.450.411', 'D10.251.355.310.166.887.411', 'D23.469.050.175.450.415'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.725.200.200'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.400.200', 'D27.505.696.577.725.400.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.200.450.300'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.720', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A07.015.700'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Yeast mitochondrial ADP/ATP carriers are monomeric in detergents.
|
Mitochondrial carriers are believed widely to be homodimers both in the inner membrane of the organelle and in detergents. The dimensions and molecular masses of the detergent and protein-detergent micelles were measured for yeast ADP/ATP carriers in a range of different detergents. The radius of the carrier at the midpoint of the membrane, its average radius, its Stokes' radius, its molecular mass, and its excluded volume were determined. These parameters are consistent with the known structural model of the bovine ADP/ATP carrier and they demonstrate that the yeast mitochondrial ADP/ATP carriers are monomeric in detergents. Therefore, models of substrate transport have to be considered in which the carrier operates as a monomer rather than as a dimer.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Detergents', 'Micelles', 'Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases', 'Molecular Weight', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']
| 17,056,710
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D27.720.877.265', 'J01.516.381'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['D12.776.157.530.625.875.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.594', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.225', 'D12.776.543.585.475.500', 'D12.776.543.585.625.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.688', 'D12.776.575.750.500'], ['G02.494'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Study on sepsis in the elderly at Nagoyashi-Koseiin Geriatric Hospital].
|
A study based on clinical analysis was conducted regarding the 125 episodes in the elderly 112 patients of sepsis who were 70 (average 83.8 +/- 7.5) years old at Nagoyashi-Koseiin Geriatric Hospital from 1985 through 1994. 1) The backgrounds of the elderly patients with sepsis were as follows: bedridden (72.8%), urinary catheter in place (61.2%), central venous catheter in place (48.8%), and prior antibiotic use (40.8%). All patients had an underlying disease. 2) Organisms isolated were Escherichia coli (21.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (18.4%); Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) (17.4%) and Candida albicans (6.1%). Chronologically, the quantity of gram-positive cocci increased while that of gram-negative bacilli decreased. As the age of the patients increased, the frequency of infections by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), E. coli, and/or multiple bacteria increased, while that of infections by CNS and gram-negative bacilli excluding E. coli decreased. 3) The primary infected sites were the urinary tract system (24.8%), central venous catheter (21.6%) and unknown (31.2%). 4) The primary clinical observations were fever exceeding 38.0 degrees C (88.0%), tachycardia (60.8%), shivering (44.0%) and cyanosis (32.8%). 5) Complications were multiple organ failure (33.6%), septic shock (26.4%) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (22.4%). 6) The prognosis indicated that 65.6% were survivors, and 34.4% were nonsurvivors. At the onset of sepsis, weight, blood pressure, serum albumin, and total cholesterol in the nonsurvivors were significantly lower than those in the survivors, whereas heart rate, GOT, LDH, and BUN in the nonsurvivors were significantly higher than those in the survivors.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation', 'Escherichia coli', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Municipal', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methicillin Resistance', 'Multiple Organ Failure', 'Prognosis', 'Sepsis', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 7,499,917
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C15.378.100.220', 'C15.378.463.250', 'C15.378.925.220'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['N02.278.421.510.210', 'N02.278.421.660.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G06.099.225.500.600.525', 'G06.225.347.500.600.525', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600.525'], ['C23.550.835.525'], ['E01.789'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Conformational changes in concanavalin A associated with demetallization and alpha-methylmannose binding studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
|
Infrared spectra of concanavalin A have been obtained both in the absence and in the presence of the metal ions, Mn2+ and Ca2+, and the saccharide, alpha-methylmannose. Second derivative calculations have been used to determine the frequencies of the different amide I and II components. In the demetallized protein dissolved in H2O buffer, absorptions in the amide I, II and III regions at 1695 and 1634, 1532 and 1237 cm-1, respectively, are assigned to beta-structure, while absorptions at 1563 and both 1318 and 1343 cm-1 are assigned to turns and bends. After deuterium exchange, the residual amide II maximum in the difference spectrum shifts from 1538 to 1563 cm-1, indicating that exchange is faster in the beta-structure than in the turns. In the presence of Mn2+ and Ca2+, the amide II band component at 1532 cm-1 shifts 4-6 cm-1 to higher wavenumbers, and the amide I band component at 1634 shifts 1 cm-1 in the same direction, both in H2O and 2H2O buffers, suggesting changes in the hydrogen-bonding network of a large portion of the protein, particularly in the beta-sheet regions. The addition of alpha-methylmannose increases the magnitude of exchange from 55% to above 90%. Comparison with existing X-ray crystallographic data has been made, and the usefulness of FT-IR to complement this technique is discussed.
|
['Calcium', 'Concanavalin A', 'Fourier Analysis', 'Manganese', 'Methylglycosides', 'Methylmannosides', 'Protein Conformation', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 3,663,684
|
[['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['E05.377', 'G17.226', 'L01.224.800.625'], ['D01.268.556.484', 'D01.268.956.374', 'D01.552.544.484'], ['D09.408.514'], ['D09.408.490.500', 'D09.408.514.700'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Incorporating immunological ideas in epidemiological models.
|
Many diseases show important interactions between epidemiology and immunology. Both models and data suggest that epidemiologically controlled variables, like frequency and intensity of exposure, can affect immunological outcomes in a wide variety of diseases. Conversely, the results of the immunological "battle" between host and parasite determine the ability of the parasite to spread. I present a simple model with two possible states of infection, which assumes that higher exposure to infection is correlated with likelihood of acquiring a more severe infection. For some parameter values, this model leads to simultaneous stability of the disease-free equilibrium and an endemic equilibrium, implying that the disease might be able to persist in a population that it could not invade. I also derive a simple and interpretable sufficient condition for multiple stable states. The "cartoon" model presented here shows that interaction between epidemiology and immunology can have important effects on the invasion and persistence of diseases. In particular, it raises the possibility that this mechanism can lead to mathematical "catastrophe" and to long-term cycles in disease prevalence.
|
['Epidemiology', 'Humans', 'Models, Immunological', 'Models, Statistical', 'Parasitic Diseases', 'Prevalence']
| 8,759,527
|
[['H02.403.720.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.500'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['C01.610'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Life-threatening Arrhythmias in a Becker Muscular Dystrophy Family due to the Duplication of Exons 3-4 of the Dystrophin Gene.
|
We herein present a report of three patients with Becker muscular dystrophy in the same family who developed complete atrioventricular block or ventricular tachycardia with severe cardiomyopathy. Our cases became unable to walk in their teens, and were introduced to mechanical ventilation due to respiratory muscle weakness in their twenties and thirties. In all three cases, a medical device such as a permanent cardiac pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator was considered to be necessary. The duplication of exons 3-4 in the dystrophin gene was detected in two of the patients. In patients with Becker muscular dystrophy, complete atrioventricular block or ventricular tachycardia within a family has rarely been reported. Thus attention should be paid to the possibility of severe arrhythmias in the severe phenotype of Becker muscular dystrophy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Cardiomyopathies', 'Dystrophin', 'Exons', 'Gene Deletion', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne', 'Pacemaker, Artificial', 'Tachycardia, Ventricular']
| 26,631,896
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['C14.280.238'], ['D12.776.210.500.250', 'D12.776.220.250', 'D12.776.543.250'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651.534.500.300', 'C10.668.491.175.500.300', 'C16.320.322.562', 'C16.320.577.300'], ['E07.305.250.750'], ['C14.280.067.845.940', 'C14.280.123.875.940', 'C23.550.073.845.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Relationship between skin temperature and muscle activation during incremental cycle exercise.
|
While different studies showed that better fitness level adds to the efficiency of the thermoregulatory system, the relationship between muscular effort and skin temperature is still unknown. Therefore, the present study assessed the relationship between neuromuscular activation and skin temperature during cycle exercise. Ten physically active participants performed an incremental workload cycling test to exhaustion while neuromuscular activations were recorded (via surface electromyography - EMG) from rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and gastrocnemius medialis. Thermographic images were recorded before, immediately after and 10 min after finishing the cycling test, at four body regions of interest corresponding to the muscles where neuromuscular activations were monitored. Frequency band analysis was conducted to assess spectral properties of EMG signals in order to infer on priority in recruitment of motor units. Significant inverse relationship between changes in skin temperature and changes in overall neuromuscular activation for vastus lateralis was observed (r<-0.5 and p<0.04). Significant positive relationship was observed between skin temperature and low frequency components of neuromuscular activation from vastus lateralis (r>0.7 and p<0.01). Participants with larger overall activation and reduced low frequency component for vastus lateralis activation presented a better adaptive response of their thermoregulatory system by showing fewer changes in skin temperature after incremental cycling test.
|
['Adult', 'Body Temperature Regulation', 'Electromyography', 'Exercise', 'Humans', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Skin Temperature', 'Thermography', 'Young Adult']
| 25,660,627
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.110.232', 'G07.410.421', 'G16.012.500.535'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G07.110.753', 'G13.750.844'], ['E01.370.350.800', 'E05.933.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prognostic factors in gastric cancer: the value of vascular invasion, mitotic rate and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration.
|
A retrospective analysis of 321 gastric cancer patients was made to assess the prognostic value of TNM classification, tumour differentiation, Laur?n classification, proliferative rate, inflammatory reaction and tumour invasion in vascular or neural structures of the gastric wall. The TNM classification showed the strongest correlation with survival in univariate and multivariate analyses (P < 0.0001). The invasion in lymphatic or vascular system and Laur?n classification were also independent prognosticators in multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). In univariate analysis, the WHO-grade, the size and the location of the tumour and perinueral invasion were significant prognostic factors (P < 0.01), as were the infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the tumour (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the mitotic indices reflecting the proliferative activity of the tumour cells showed no significant correlation with the prognosis. The results indicate that the prognostic power of the TNM classification can be further increased by assessment of the above special histological features in gastric cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cell Division', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Plasma Cells', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate']
| 8,795,580
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E01.789.625'], ['A11.063.438.725', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.382.032.438.725', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562.725'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Burn-out, commitment, personality and experiences during work and training; survey among psychiatry residents].
|
BACKGROUND: In the last few years international studies have reported on increase in burn-out and depressive symptoms among psychiatry residents. In the field of research, however, commitment and dedication are now being mentioned more frequently as positive factors that counterbalance burn-out.AIM: To find out how a group of Dutch psychiatry residents feel about their work, to discover their degree of burn-out and commitment and to clarify the various factors involved.METHOD: 59 psychiatry residents from four teaching hospitals were asked to complete questionnaires concerning burn-out (U-BOS-C), commitment (UWES-15) and personality (BFI-NL). Respondents were also asked to describe how they felt about their experiences during their work and to give their views on the instruction and training they were receiving.RESULTS: In the U-BOS-C section only four trainees (almost 7%) met the criteria for burn-out. In the BFI-NL section the psychiatry residents obtained significantly lower scores on neuroticism and higher scores on empathy than did a comparable norm group of a similar age. The scores of the psychiatry residents indicated that the term 'being proud of your work' was significantly related to a feeling of commitment and particularly to all subscales that reflected commitment.CONCLUSION: In our study the percentage of psychiatry residents with burn-out is significantly lower than the percentage reported elsewhere in the literature. In fact, our results demonstrate that the psychiatry residents who were the subject of our study regarded themselves as being emotionally stable, friendly and committed to their work.
|
['Burnout, Professional', 'Depression', 'Education, Medical, Graduate', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Male', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Personality', 'Psychiatry']
| 28,350,150
|
[['C24.580.500', 'F01.145.126.990.367.500', 'F02.830.900.333.500'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['I02.358.337.350', 'I02.358.399.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['F01.145.677'], ['F01.752'], ['F04.096.544', 'H02.403.690']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Melatonin Ameliorates Busulfan-Induced Spermatogonial Stem Cell Oxidative Apoptosis in Mouse Testes.
|
AIMS: Many men endure immunosuppressive or anticancer treatments that contain alkylating agents before the age of sexual maturity, especially the increasing number of preadolescent males who undergo busulfan treatment for myeloablative conditioning before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Before sperm production, there are no sperm available for cryopreservation. Thus, it is necessary to identify a solution to ameliorate the busulfan-induced damage of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs).RESULTS: In this study, we demonstrated that melatonin relieved the previously described SSC loss and apoptosis in mouse testes. Melatonin increased the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which regulated the production of busulfan-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, melatonin promoted sirtuin type 1 (SIRT1) expression. SIRT1 participated in the deacetylation of p53, which promotes p53 ubiquitin degradation. Decreased concentrations of deacetylated p53 resulted in spermatogonial cell resistance to apoptosis. Acute T cell leukemia cell assay demonstrated that melatonin does not affect busulfan-induced cancer cell apoptosis and ROS.INNOVATION: The current evidence suggests that melatonin may alleviate the side effects of alkylating drugs, such as busulfan.CONCLUSION: Melatonin promoted MnSOD and SIRT1 expression, which successfully ameliorated busulfan-induced SSC apoptosis caused by high concentrations of ROS and p53. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 385-400.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Busulfan', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Melatonin', 'Mice', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Sirtuin 1', 'Spermatogonia', 'Stem Cells', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Testis', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Ubiquitin']
| 28,027,652
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D02.033.455.125.125', 'D02.455.326.146.100.050.500.100', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.510.100'], ['G05.308.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.200.650.100', 'D12.776.476.900.100'], ['A05.360.490.890.900', 'A11.497.760.800'], ['A11.872'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['D12.776.947.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cerebrospinal fluid from human immunodeficiency virus--infected individuals facilitates neurotoxicity by suppressing intracellular calcium recovery.
|
Neurologic decline associated with penetration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) into the central nervous system is thought to be due, in large part, to inflammation and local secretion of neurotoxic substances. To examine the cellular processes that mediate neurotoxicity in vivo, the authors valuated the ability of neurons to maintain intracellular calcium homeostasis in the presence of toxic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (CSF(tox)) collected from a subset of HIV-infected individuals. Exposure of rat neural cultures to CSF(tox) resulted in a gradual increase in intracellular calcium in neurons (+63%), microglia (+251%), and astrocytes (+52%). Pretreatment of neural cultures with CSF(tox) resulted in an exaggerated calcium response to a brief pulse of glutamate and a > 90% suppression of the rate of recovery of intracellular calcium. Attempts to model the deficit using inhibitors of calcium transport across endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial, or plasma membrane indicated that blockade of the plasma membrane sodium/calcium exchanger was best able to reproduce the deficits seen during exposure to CSF(tox). Because the inability of cells to maintain calcium homeostasis would lead to exaggerated responses from a wide variety of stimuli, therapeutics designed to facilitate calcium transport from the cell may provide more comprehensive and effective intervention than strategies targeted to specific receptor pathways.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Astrocytes', 'Calcium', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Glutamic Acid', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Microglia', 'Neurons', 'Neurotoxins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Long-Evans']
| 16,036,793
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D27.888.569.504'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of cytoskeleton mechanical properties and 3D-actin structure in twisted adherent epithelial cells.
|
Evaluation of the cytoskeleton mechanical properties requires specific micromanipulation techniques such as the magnetic twisting cytometry technique, in which microbeads are specifically linked to the cytoskeleton via transmembrane receptors. The aim of the study was to assess the structural relationship between the bead and the cytoskeleton structure. The spatial arrangement of the CSK network was therefore studied in fixed cells probed by beads and stained for F-actin by rhodamined phallo?dine. The spatial character of the actin CSK network, both in the bead neighborhood and at the cell scale, could then be studied for various degrees of fluorescent intensity from 3D-images of the actin structure, reconstructed from z-stack views obtained by confocal microscopy. Results show the feasibility of the staining/reconstruction technique which allows to reveal the three-dimensional organization of the cytoskeleton structure including an internal cytosolic structure with a high fluorescent F-actin intensity, and a sub-membranous cortical structure with a low fluorescent F-actin intensity.
|
['Actins', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetics', 'Micromanipulation', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microspheres']
| 12,454,411
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['A11.436'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['H01.671.493'], ['E05.591'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E07.565']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Change in meal size, number and duration after neural isolation of liver and with TPN.
|
The abundant neural connections between the liver and hypothalamus suggest that the liver contributes to spontaneous food intake (SFI) regulation. This hypothesis was tested in rats after total liver denervation (TLD) and infusing TPN. A sham operation (SO) or TLD was performed in Fischer rats, placed in metabolic cages fitted with an Eater Meter to measure SFI, meal number (MN), size (MZ), and duration (MD). Rats had free access to chow and water. After 22 days, a jugular catheter was placed and normal saline continuously infused for 10 days (days 22-32). Then TPN-100, providing 100% of rats daily energy needs, was infused for 3 days (days 32-35). During the post-SO/TLD and postjugular catheterization periods and during TPN-100, SFI was the same in SO controls and TLD group. However, TLD rats had decreased MZ and MD (interpreted as early satiety) and increased MN (interpreted as increased hunger) to maintain the same SFI as control rats. Although total SFI was not influenced by TLD, it significantly affected feeding pattern, suggesting that the neural isolation of the liver from the brain produces altered hypothalamic regulation of not only the onset of feeding, but also satiety.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Catheterization', 'Denervation', 'Diet', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Jugular Veins', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Parenteral Nutrition, Total', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344']
| 1,801,017
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E04.525.210'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['A07.015.908.498'], ['A03.620'], ['E02.421.505.575', 'E02.642.500.505.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Underutilization of aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease among HIV-infected patients.
|
BACKGROUND: Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events compared with uninfected persons. However, little is known about HIV provider practices regarding aspirin (ASA) for primary prevention of CVD.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending the University of Alabama at Birmingham 1917 HIV Clinic during 2010 to determine the proportion receiving ASA for primary prevention of CVD and identify factors associated with ASA prescription. Ten-year risk for CVD events was calculated for men aged 45-79 and women aged 55-79. The 2009 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines were used to determine those qualifying for primary CVD prevention.RESULTS: Among 397 patients who qualified to receive ASA (mean age, 52.2 years, 94% male, 36% African American), only 66 (17%) were prescribed ASA. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR], 2.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-5.27), hyperlipidemia (OR, 3.42; 95% CI, 1.55-7.56), and current smoking (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.03-3.41) were significantly associated with ASA prescription. Odds of ASA prescription more than doubled for each additional CVD-related comorbidity present among hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and smoking (OR, 2.13, 95% CI, 1.51-2.99).CONCLUSIONS: In this HIV-infected cohort, fewer than 1 in 5 patients in need received ASA for primary CVD prevention. Escalating likelihood of ASA prescription with increasing CVD-related comorbidity count suggests that providers may be influenced more by co-occurrence of these diagnoses than by USPSTF guidelines. In the absence of HIV-specific guidelines, interventions to improve HIV provider awareness of and adherence to existing general population guidelines on CVD risk reduction are needed.
|
['Aged', 'Aspirin', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Drug Utilization', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Risk Factors']
| 22,942,209
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N04.452.706.477'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Amelioration of delayed-type hypersensitivity responses by IL-27 administration.
|
Interleukin (IL-) 27 is a member of the IL-12 cytokine family. Although recent analyses of WSX-1 (IL-27 receptor alpha chain)-deficient mice as well as in vitro studies using recombinant IL-27 revealed the immunosuppressive function of IL-27, in vivo role and therapeutic potential of IL-27 remain poorly elucidated. Here we investigated the effect of IL-27 administration on delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). While WSX-1-deficient mice showed higher DTH responses as shown by the degree of footpad swelling, administration of IL-27 significantly ameliorated the footpad swelling. Since the activation status of the draining lymph node cells were not affected by IL-27 deficiency, it was suggested that IL-27 affected the effector phase of the response. These results collectively indicate that IL-27 has a suppressive effect on activated T cells in the experimental model and also has a therapeutic potential for some diseases caused by immune disorder.
|
['Animals', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Dermatitis, Allergic Contact', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Immunosuppression', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-17', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Mutation', 'Receptors, Cytokine', 'Receptors, Interleukin', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 18,572,017
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['C17.800.174.255.100', 'C17.800.815.255.100', 'C20.543.418.150'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.095.465.425.450', 'E05.478.610'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.517', 'D12.776.467.374.465.517', 'D23.529.374.465.517'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
rBet v 1 immunotherapy of sensitized mice with Streptococcus thermophilus as vehicle and adjuvant.
|
Lactobacilli are able to induce upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules in DCs with Th1 cytokines production and increase in Treg activity. This could explain the observed effectiveness of the prolonged administration of lactobacilli in the prevention of allergic disorders in infants and envisage the possible use of bacteria expressing the allergen for the specific immunotherapy of allergic diseases. Hence, we evaluated Streptococcus thermophilus (ST) expressing rBet v 1 as allergen delivery tool and adjuvant factor for immunotherapy in Betv1-sensitized mice. rBet v 1 gene was introduced and expressed in ST (ST[rBet v 1]). BALB/c mice were sensitized with rBet v 1 and then treated with either ST alone, ST[rBet v 1], or the combination of ST and rBet v 1, for 20 days. After 2 aerosol challenges, Treg frequency, in vitro allergen-induced cytokines, rBet v 1-specific IgE and IgG2a, and bronchial histology were made in harvested spleen, sera, and lung. Results were compared with those obtained from not-treated/sensitized mice. ST[rBet v 1] induced immunological and histological changes typical of successful SIT: increased frequency of Tregs and expression of Foxp3; decreased allergen-specific IgE/IgG2a ratio; decrease of in vitro rBet v 1-induced IL-4 from spleen cells; increased allergen-induced IL-10 and IFN-ã; drop of bronchial eosinophilia. ST and ST+rBet v 1 combination, even though induced a slight increase in the frequency of Tregs and moderate allergen-induced IL-10, were ineffective in reducing bronchial eosinophilia, allergen induced IL-4 and rBet v 1-specific IgE/IgG2a ratio. ST[rBet v 1] has tolerogenic and Th-1 skewing properties and efficiently delivers the allergen to the gut immune-system restraining and readdressing the established specific Th2 response toward the allergen in mice.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Allergens', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Plant', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Humans', 'Immunotherapy', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Streptococcus thermophilus']
| 24,603,094
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['D23.050.063'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.291'], ['A11.251'], ['E02.319.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.800', 'B03.510.400.800.872.800', 'B03.510.550.737.872.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Application of fluoride iontophoresis to improve remineralization.
|
Iontophoresis is generally used to maximize the therapeutic action of drugs in medicine. This technique can be used to improve the remineralization effect of topical fluoride applications in dentistry. The aim of this study was to compare the remineralization effect of fluoride iontophoresis (FI) with the conventional fluoride application (CFA) method in vitro. Sixty bovine enamel specimens were divided into three groups: no fluoride treatment, CFA and FI. Fluoride was applied to the demineralized specimens for 4 min in each experimental group. The types of fluoride system used for application were 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (12 300 p.p.m. F, pH 3.5) and 2% sodium fluoride solution (9050 p.p.m. F, pH 7) in the experimental groups. All the specimens were then placed in a remineralizing solution for 24 h. This cycle was repeated five times. An iontophoresis device (0.4 mA, 12 V) was used in the FI groups. The efficacy of this technique was evaluated by measuring changes in the surface microhardness and lesion depth of the specimens using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Data were analysed using anova and Tukey's post hoc test (P < 0.05). Although the FI groups showed higher DeltaVHN than the CFA groups, there were no significant differences between these fluoride application methods (P > 0.05). When the lesion depth was measured using CLSM imaging, there was also no significant difference between the FI and CFA groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, FI was not significantly superior to CFA in terms of the remineralization effect.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Dental Enamel', 'Fluorides', 'Hardness', 'Iontophoresis', 'Surface Properties', 'Tooth Remineralization']
| 19,758,412
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['D01.248.497.158.380', 'D01.303.350.300'], ['G01.374.647'], ['E02.319.267.650', 'E05.301.300.575'], ['G02.860'], ['E06.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of on-line pyrolysis coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry for the determination of position-specific (13)C isotope composition of short chain n-alkanes (C6-C12).
|
We measured (13)C intramolecular isotopic composition of commercially available short-chain hydrocarbons (n-C6-n-C12) using (13)C-NMR. Results show that the main variation is between the terminal and the sub-terminal C-atom positions. Site-preference (difference in ä(13)C values between terminal and sub-terminal C-atom positions) among all the samples varies between -12.2‰ and +8.4‰. Comparison of these results with those obtained using on-line pyrolysis coupled with GC-C-IRMS show that the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons occurs with a good isotopic fidelity between terminal and sub-terminal C-atom positions of the starting material and the related pyrolysis products (methane and ethylene). On-line pyrolysis coupled with GC-C-IRMS can thus be used for tracing hydrocarbons biogeochemical processes.
|
['Alkanes', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Methane']
| 27,130,103
|
[['D02.455.326.146'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D02.455.326.146.571']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis in a patient allergic to peach.
|
Determining the single factor that triggered anaphylactic shock can be challenging. We present an interesting case of a 25-year-old female patient with recurrent anaphylactic reactions developing after eating various foods, particularly in presence of co-factors of allergic reactions. Symptoms occurred after consumption of various kinds of foods - peach, pancakes with cottage cheese and fruit, a meal from a Chinese restaurant - all eaten on other occasions without symptoms. During diagnosis, skin prick tests were negative for all tested allergen extracts (both inhalatory and food) from Allergopharma. Prick by prick tests were positive for the peach - wheal diameter - 6 mm, nectarine - 4 mm (histamine 4 mm, negative control 0 mm). Increased levels of asIgE were found for allergens of peach (0.55 kU/L).Open challenge test with one mid-size peach combined with the physical exercise challenge test was positive. ImmunoCAP ISAC test indicated increased levels of IgE specific for the lipid transfer protein (LTP) for walnut (nJug r 3), peach (Pru p 3), wheat (rTri a 14) and plane tree (rPla a 3). The patient was diagnosed with food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis associated with an allergy to lipid transport proteins (LTPs).
|
['Adult', 'Anaphylaxis', 'Antigens, Plant', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Exercise', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Intradermal Tests', 'Juglans', 'Nuts', 'Plant Proteins', 'Pollen', 'Prunus persica', 'Recurrence', 'Risk Factors', 'Trees']
| 30,270,687
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C20.543.480.099'], ['D23.050.291'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['E01.370.225.812.871.300', 'E05.200.812.871.300', 'E05.478.594.890.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.750.500.500'], ['A18.024.500.500', 'G07.203.300.700', 'J02.500.700'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.024.249.500.249.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.625.750'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['B01.650.915']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Risk of tumor progression in colon carcinoma resection and perioperative prophylaxis with polyvalent immunoglobulins - per aspera ad astra.
|
There is strong evidence that tumor progression in the postoperative period is attributable to the influx of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into the blood from the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen. Although several research groups have emphasized the need to neutralize LPS antigens from the GI tract to prevent tumor progression and reduce the inflammatory response, a therapeutic option to achieve this has not been put forward hitherto. Enterally applied immunoglobulins (IgG) in the form of colostrum concentrates are able to neutralize LPS antigens from the GI tract and to reduce the inflammatory response during abdominal surgery. Thus, the perioperative oral application of IgG appears to be an interesting and safe therapeutic option during colon carcinoma resection. A treatment strategy suitable for routine use at low cost in such patients and based on polyvalent immunoglobulins containing IgG is described.
.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Colectomy', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Disease Progression', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Inflammation', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Protective Factors', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,319,494
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['E04.210.219'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E02.319.283'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.582', 'N05.715.350.200.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.570', 'N06.850.490.625.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.582'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
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