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--- abstract: 'We show that a recently proposed Rudin–Shapiro-like sequence, with balanced weights, has purely singular continuous diffraction spectrum, in contrast to the well-known Rudin–Shapiro sequence whose diffraction is absolutely continuous. This answers a question that had been raised about this new sequence.'...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4865912199020386, "char_change_proportion": 0.198915138105774, "length_change_ratio": 0.10149051490514906, "length_difference": -749, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.12348039885261576, "sentences_changed_count": 7, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.14583333333333334, "sentences_considere...
--- abstract: 'We present the spatially-resolved near-infrared (2.5–5.0 $\micron$) spectra of the edge-on starburst galaxy NGC 253 obtained with the Infrared Camera onboard $AKARI$. Near the center of the galaxy, we clearly detect the absorption features of interstellar ices ($\mathrm{H_2O}$: 3.05 $\micron$, $\mathrm{C...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.3788855075836182, "char_change_proportion": 0.026123703419131727, "length_change_ratio": 0.02753220510229856, "length_difference": -218, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.04885827273886975, "sentences_changed_count": 6, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.08108108108108109, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'The Gravity Probe B (GP-B) experiment is complete and the results are in agreement with the predictions of general relativity (GR) for both the geodetic precession, 6.6 arcsec/yr to about 0.3%, and the Lense-Thirring precession, 39 marcsec to about 19%. This note is concerned with the theoretical basis f...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.6805812120437622, "char_change_proportion": 0.005058823529411782, "length_change_ratio": 0.004226344212256398, "length_difference": -36, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.006834786707518265, "sentences_changed_count": 1, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.022727272727272728, "sentences_cons...
--- bibliography: - 'mice.bib' --- 00a-Top-matter/00a-Top-matter 99-Styles/MICE-defs 00b-Abstract/00b-Abstract
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{ "baseline_loss": null, "char_change_proportion": 0, "length_change_ratio": 0, "length_difference": 0, "sentence_change_proportion": 0, "sentences_changed_count": 0, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0, "sentences_considered": 0, "sentences_perturbed": 0, "target_loss": null, "token_change_proportion": ...
--- abstract: 'The advent of modern computers has added an increased emphasis on channeling computational power and statistical methods into digital humanities. Including increased statistical rigor in history poses unique challenges due to the inherent uncertainties of word-of-mouth and poorly recorded data. African g...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.6858325004577637, "char_change_proportion": 0.025656596326096848, "length_change_ratio": 0.03861042183622829, "length_difference": -389, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.04787606196901549, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.04838709677419355, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'We obtain an improvement of the Beckner’s inequality $\| f\|^{2}_{2} -\|f\|^{2}_{p} \leq (2-p) \| \nabla f\|_{2}^{2}$ valid for $p \in [1,2]$ and the Gaussian measure. Our improvement is essential for the intermediate case $p \in (1,2)$, and moreover, we find the natural extension of the inequality for a...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.1123576164245605, "char_change_proportion": 0.018849123972432102, "length_change_ratio": 0.02703145478374836, "length_difference": -165, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.03675016479894529, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0967741935483871, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'We developed a new direct-tree hybrid $N$-body algorithm for fully self-consistent $N$-body simulations of star clusters in their parent galaxies. In such simulations, star clusters need high accuracy, while galaxies need a fast scheme because of the large number of the particles required to model it. In...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4985865354537964, "char_change_proportion": 0.17254261031986928, "length_change_ratio": 0.2929453965723396, "length_difference": -735, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.30248397435897434, "sentences_changed_count": 1, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.07692307692307693, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'In this paper, we investigate the capacity of the Gaussian two-hop full-duplex (FD) relay channel with residual self-interference. This channel is comprised of a source, an FD relay, and a destination, where a direct source-destination link does not exist and the FD relay is impaired by residual self-int...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.3257774114608765, "char_change_proportion": 0.061325420375865525, "length_change_ratio": 0.01829467494282914, "length_difference": -168, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.061897458369851006, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.08, "sentences_considered": 4, "s...
--- abstract: 'In 1996, Shi [@shi] generalized the ${\epsilon}$-regularity theorem of Schoen and Uhlenbeck [@su] to energy-minimizing harmonic maps from a domain equipped with a Riemannian metric of class $L^{\infty}$. In the present work we prove a compactness result for such energy-minimizing maps. As an application,...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.9493820667266846, "char_change_proportion": 0.043589743589743546, "length_change_ratio": 0.06930693069306931, "length_difference": -56, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.10237203495630462, "sentences_changed_count": 1, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.2, "sentences_considered": 1, "sent...
--- abstract: 'The temporal characterization of ultrafast laser pulses has become a cornerstone capability of ultrafast optics laboratories and is routine both for optimizing laser pulse duration and designing custom fields. Beyond pure temporal characterization, spatio-temporal characterization provides a more complet...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.173471212387085, "char_change_proportion": 0.09397998623391746, "length_change_ratio": 0.050273562506451944, "length_difference": -487, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.06364863461738138, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.06382978723404255, "sentences_conside...
-5mm   [and]{}  [Paul A. Pearce]{}\ [*Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne*]{}\ [*Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia*]{}\ [J.Rasmussen@ms.unimelb.edu.au]{}     [P.Pearce@ms.unimelb.edu.au]{} [**[Abstract]{}**]{} .4cm Two-dimensional critical percolation is the member ${\cal LM}(2,3)$ of...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.5899919271469116, "char_change_proportion": 0.024513338139870222, "length_change_ratio": 0.04418331374853114, "length_difference": -376, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.049976370510396974, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.046511627906976744, "sentences_cons...
--- abstract: 'A real $2$-elementary K3 surfaces of type $((3,1,1),- {\mathrm{id}})$ yields a real anti-bicanonical curve $s \cup A^\prime_1$ (disjoint union) on the $4$-th real Hirzebruch surface ${\mathbb{F}}_4$ where $s$ is the exceptional section of ${\mathbb{F}}_4$ and the real curve $A^\prime_1$ has one real dou...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.1111148595809937, "char_change_proportion": 0.34240643365295387, "length_change_ratio": 0.010259598942950412, "length_difference": 66, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.021139993736298154, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.08823529411764706, "sentences_conside...
harvmac Atsuo Kuniba$^{1,}$ [^1] [e-mail: kuniba@math.sci.kyushu-u.ac.jp]{} , Tomoki Nakanishi$^{2,}$ [^2] [e-mail: nakanisi@string.harvard.edu]{} [^3][Permanent Address: Department of Mathematics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464 Japan]{}, Junji Suzuki$^{3,}$ [^4] [e-mail: jsuzuki@tansei.cc.u-tokyo.ac.jp]{} 0.5cm $^1$...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.7538107633590698, "char_change_proportion": 0.003793328973185073, "length_change_ratio": 0.0054787372815027395, "length_difference": -42, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.006434668417596849, "sentences_changed_count": 1, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.020833333333333332, "sentences_con...
--- abstract: 'We report the study of far-IR sizes of submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in relation to their dust-obscured star formation rate (SFR) and active galactic nuclei (AGN) presence, determined using mid-IR photometry. We determined the millimeter-wave ($\lambda_{\rm obs}=1100\,\mu$m) sizes of 69 ALMA-identified S...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.6457608938217163, "char_change_proportion": 0.05185909980430525, "length_change_ratio": 0.01883134865688175, "length_difference": -136, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.07070989379541644, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.08064516129032258, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'For an arbitrary Hilbert space-valued Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process we construct the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Bridge connecting a starting point $x$ and an endpoint $y$ that belongs to a certain linear subspace of full measure. We derive also a stochastic evolution equation satisfied by the OU Bridge and study it...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4530272483825684, "char_change_proportion": 0.16555206769482733, "length_change_ratio": 0.09366462859372968, "length_difference": -720, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.13511390416339356, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.11363636363636363, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'Notwithstanding the big efforts devoted to the investigation of the mechanisms responsible for the high-energy ($E>100$ MeV) $\gamma-$ray emission in active galactic nuclei (AGN), the definite answer is still missing. The X-ray energy band ($0.4-10$ keV) is crucial for this type of study, since both sync...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4677174091339111, "char_change_proportion": 0.0041410633181939716, "length_change_ratio": 0.0005341880341880342, "length_difference": -4, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.005657327586206897, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05555555555555555, "sentences_cons...
--- abstract: 'Periodic control systems used in spacecrafts and automotives are usually period-driven and can be decomposed into different modes with each mode representing a system state observed from outside. Such systems may also involve intensive computing in their modes. Despite the fact that such control systems ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.2044854164123535, "char_change_proportion": 0.0007670672462285477, "length_change_ratio": 0.0005112474437627812, "length_difference": -1, "sentence_change_proportion": 0, "sentences_changed_count": 0, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0, "sentences_considered": 0, "sentences_perturbed": ...
--- abstract: 'The concept of homology, originally developed as a useful tool in algebraic topology, has by now become pervasive in quite different branches of mathematics. The notion particularly carries over quite naturally to the setup of measure-preserving transformations arising from various group actions or, equi...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.3051966428756714, "char_change_proportion": 0.027871913686976946, "length_change_ratio": 0.01997764738753842, "length_difference": 143, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.019660160089875017, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05555555555555555, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'The swampland distance conjecture (SDC) addresses the ability of effective field theory to describe distant points in moduli space. It is natural to ask whether there is a local version of the SDC: is it possible to construct local excitations in an EFT that sample extreme regions of moduli space? In man...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.0234601497650146, "char_change_proportion": 0.04785836664762988, "length_change_ratio": 0.05897350626316373, "length_difference": -532, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.07331771007700033, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05454545454545454, "sentences_conside...
--- author: - Roman Klokov - Edmond Boyer - Jakob Verbeek title: | Discrete Point Flow Networks\ for Efficient Point Cloud Generation ---
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{ "baseline_loss": null, "char_change_proportion": 0, "length_change_ratio": 0, "length_difference": 0, "sentence_change_proportion": 0, "sentences_changed_count": 0, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0, "sentences_considered": 0, "sentences_perturbed": 0, "target_loss": null, "token_change_proportion": ...
--- author: - 'A.E.Shalyt-Margolin[^1] and A.Ya.Tregubovich [^2]' title: Deformed Density Matrix and Generalized Uncertainty Relation in Thermodynamics --- \ [**Abstract**]{}\ [A generalization of the thermodynamic uncertainty relations is proposed. It is done by introducing of an additional term proportional to the ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.624662160873413, "char_change_proportion": 0.03341404358353506, "length_change_ratio": 0.05073746312684366, "length_difference": -430, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.06775035595633602, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0851063829787234, "sentences_considere...
--- abstract: 'The processes of neutrino production of electron–positron pairs, $\nu \bar\nu \to e^- e^+$ and $\nu \to \nu e^- e^+$, in a magnetic field of arbitrary strength, where electrons and positrons can be created in the states corresponding to excited Landau levels, are analysed. The results can be applied for ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.356984257698059, "char_change_proportion": 0.06139008979048888, "length_change_ratio": 0.09707631945323376, "length_difference": -767, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.11540908512533402, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.10526315789473684, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'The evolution of infrastructure networks such as roads and streets are of utmost importance to understand the evolution of urban systems. However, datasets describing these spatial objects are rare and sparse. The database presented here represents the road network at the french national level described ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.215653896331787, "char_change_proportion": 0.01675799329680272, "length_change_ratio": 0.026768843166071803, "length_difference": -255, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.03786756928284324, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.028985507246376812, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'In this extended abstract, we present a simple approach to convergence on term graphs that allows us to unify term graph rewriting and infinitary term rewriting. This approach is based on a partial order and a metric on term graphs. These structures arise as straightforward generalisations of the corresp...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.3433663845062256, "char_change_proportion": 0.02061790268349928, "length_change_ratio": 0.01773138832997988, "length_difference": -141, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.02999620301227693, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.045454545454545456, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'We present a combined x-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy study on the phase behavior and molecular dynamics of n-hexadecanol in its bulk state and confined in an array of aligned nanochannels of 8 nm diameter in mesoporous silicon. Under confinement the transition temperatures between the liquid...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.8655093908309937, "char_change_proportion": 0.017073463989419224, "length_change_ratio": 0.030547004499171207, "length_difference": -258, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.0334762925899452, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.041666666666666664, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: | Wigner’s irreducible positive energy representations of the Poincaré group are often used to give additional justifications for the Lagrangian quantization formalism of standard QFT. Here we study another more recent aspect. We explain in this paper modular concepts by which we are able to construct...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.443298578262329, "char_change_proportion": 0.03846351887132482, "length_change_ratio": 0.06293636544983044, "length_difference": -631, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.07263242375601926, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.06521739130434782, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'We derive the momentum space dynamic equations and state functions for one dimensional quantum walks by using linear systems and Lie group theory. The momentum space provides an analytic capability similar to that contributed by the z transform in discrete systems theory. The state functions at each time...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.1788501739501953, "char_change_proportion": 0.0012693197939221967, "length_change_ratio": 0.0007463800567248843, "length_difference": -5, "sentence_change_proportion": 0, "sentences_changed_count": 0, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0, "sentences_considered": 0, "sentences_perturbed": ...
--- abstract: 'The Jahn-Teller problems of C$_{60}$ anions involving $t_{1g}$ next lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (NLUMO) were theoretically investigated. The orbital vibronic coupling parameters for the $t_{1g}$ orbitals were derived from the Kohn-Sham orbital levels with hybrid B3LYP functional by the frozen pho...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4731569290161133, "char_change_proportion": 0.1334936861094408, "length_change_ratio": 0.07300115874855156, "length_difference": -504, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.08073901658423044, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.07142857142857142, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'An ideal in a polynomial ring encodes a system of linear partial differential equations with constant coefficients. Primary decomposition organizes the solutions to the PDE. This paper develops a novel structure theory for primary ideals in this context. We characterize primary ideals in terms of PDE, pu...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.3225336074829102, "char_change_proportion": 0.045396536007292654, "length_change_ratio": 0.05150976909413854, "length_difference": -290, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.061494458348230245, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.09090909090909091, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: | In cyber-physical systems, software may control safety-significant operations. This report discusses a method to structure software testing to measure the statistical confidence that algorithms are true to their intended design. The subject matter appears in two main parts: theory, which shows the r...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.78548264503479, "char_change_proportion": 0.10321821036106749, "length_change_ratio": 0.0717056096868792, "length_difference": -758, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.11280137772675086, "sentences_changed_count": 10, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.11627906976744186, "sentences_considere...
--- author: - 'Samaneh Abbasi-Sureshjani' - Jiong Zhang - Remco Duits - Bart ter Haar Romeny bibliography: - 'manuscript.bib' date: 'Received: date / Accepted: date' title: 'Retrieving challenging vessel connections in retinal images by line co-occurrence statistics' ---
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{ "baseline_loss": null, "char_change_proportion": 0, "length_change_ratio": 0, "length_difference": 0, "sentence_change_proportion": 0, "sentences_changed_count": 0, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0, "sentences_considered": 0, "sentences_perturbed": 0, "target_loss": null, "token_change_proportion": ...
--- abstract: 'In this paper we refine a weighted partition identity of Alladi. We write formulas for generating functions for the number of partitions grouped with respect to a partition statistic other than the norm. We tie our weighted results and the different statistic with the crank of a partition. In particular,...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4795762300491333, "char_change_proportion": 0.07631430186546073, "length_change_ratio": 0.07847929395790904, "length_difference": -578, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.08550287750068512, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.058823529411764705, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'We investigate the lazy states, entangled states and discordant states for 2-qubit systems. We show that many lazy states are discordant, many lazy states are entangled, and many mixed entangled states are not lazy. With the results, we describe the quantum correlations.' author: - Jianwei Xu title: 'Laz...
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{ "baseline_loss": 0.9330753684043884, "char_change_proportion": 0.1285403050108932, "length_change_ratio": 0.06075174825174825, "length_difference": -417, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.07798299618880093, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.07317073170731707, "sentences_consider...
--- author: - 'Á. Kóspál' - 'P. Ábrahám' - 'J. A. Acosta-Pulido' - 'M. J. Arévalo Morales' - 'M. I. Carnerero' - 'E. Elek' - 'J. Kelemen' - 'M. Kun' - 'A. Pál' - 'R. Szakáts' - 'K. Vida' s literature. ]{} False diagrams. ]{} [The quiescent SED of HBC722 is consistent with that of a slightly reddened normal TTauri-type ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.6487557888031006, "char_change_proportion": 0.07358607830950903, "length_change_ratio": 0.10147492625368731, "length_difference": -860, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.13271494826971103, "sentences_changed_count": 8, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.12121212121212122, "sentences_conside...
--- bibliography: - 'database.bib' --- \ \ \ \ Introduction {#intro .unnumbered} ============ In this work I will construct certain general bundles $\langle\mathfrak{M},\rho,X\rangle$ and $\langle\mathfrak{B},\eta,X\rangle$ of Hausdorff locally convex spaces associated to a given Banach bundle $\langle\mathfrak{E},\...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.203126311302185, "char_change_proportion": 0.03207161485867338, "length_change_ratio": 0.04882409572273415, "length_difference": -355, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.05983969043670536, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.14814814814814814, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: | We introduce ring theoretic constructions that are similar to the construction of wreath product of groups. In particular, for a given graph $\Gamma=(V,E)$ and an associate algebra $A,$ we construct an algebra $B=A\, wr\, L(\Gamma)$ with the following property: $B$ has an ideal $I$,which consists of...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.1122071743011475, "char_change_proportion": 0.10557786702365013, "length_change_ratio": 0.049947789766794294, "length_difference": -287, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.06374012291483758, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.10810810810810811, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'We report the results from our analysis of the *Fermi* Large Area Telescope data of the *Fermi* unassociated source 2FGL J1906.5$+$0720, which is a high-ranked candidate pulsar. In order to better study our target, we first update the ephemeris for PSR J1907$+$0602, which is used to help remove any possi...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.5751742124557495, "char_change_proportion": 0.0781625625365473, "length_change_ratio": 0.1328399854421934, "length_difference": -1095, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.1483469562034891, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0975609756097561, "sentences_considered...
--- abstract: 'This paper provides a sample of a LaTeX document which conforms, somewhat loosely, to the formatting guidelines for ACM SIG Proceedings. [^1]' True 'G.K.M. Tobin' - 'Lars Th[ø]{}rv[ä]{}ld' - 'Lawrence P. Leipuner' - Sean Fogarty - Charles Palmer - John Smith - 'Julius P. Kumquat' bibliography: - 'sample-...
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{ "baseline_loss": 0.9650914669036865, "char_change_proportion": 0.009867301803334505, "length_change_ratio": 0.012846517917511832, "length_difference": -19, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.025050778605280974, "sentences_changed_count": 1, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.3333333333333333, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'An approach to the quantum-classical mechanics of phase space dependent operators, which has been proposed recently, is remodeled as a formalism for wave fields. Such wave fields obey a system of coupled non-linear equations that can be written by means of a suitable non-Hamiltonian bracket. As an exampl...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.6225066184997559, "char_change_proportion": 0.3961465642053681, "length_change_ratio": 0.00377945753668297, "length_difference": -34, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.010286225402504472, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.041666666666666664, "sentences_conside...
--- author: - 'Xián O. Camanho' title: Phase transitions in general gravity theories --- Introduction {#intro} ============ Higher-curvature corrections to the Einstein-Hilbert (EH) action appear in any sensible theory of quantum gravity as next-to-leading orders in the effective action and some, [*e.g. *]{} 2=R_<unk...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.9983240365982056, "char_change_proportion": 0.03198531456861542, "length_change_ratio": 0.04044037497274908, "length_difference": -371, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.061683679069256946, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.08620689655172414, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'Here we show that there exist internal gravity waves that are inherently unstable, that is, they cannot exist in nature for a long time. The instability mechanism is a one-way (irreversible) harmonic-generation resonance that permanently transfers the energy of an internal wave to its higher harmonics. W...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.7663378715515137, "char_change_proportion": 0.04482445912682986, "length_change_ratio": 0.06928464232116058, "length_difference": -554, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.08828715365239295, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05660377358490566, "sentences_conside...
--- address: | Department of Physics, University of California\ Riverside, CA 92521, USA author: - ERNEST MA title: | MODELS OF NEUTRINO MASS AND INTERACTIONS\ FOR NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS --- \#1\#2\#3\#4[[\#1]{} [**\#2**]{}, \#3 (\#4)]{} Neutrino Masses =============== In the minimal standard model, u...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4015839099884033, "char_change_proportion": 0.017340222237950287, "length_change_ratio": 0.012239729881823298, "length_difference": -87, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.02676674691969976, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.075, "sentences_considered": 3, "s...
--- abstract: | We present the results of a systematic study of the evolution of low- and intermediate-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs and IMXBs). Using a standard Henyey-type stellar-evolution code and a standard model for binary interactions, we have calculated 100 binary evolution sequences containing a neutron star ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.5074738264083862, "char_change_proportion": 0.033229901269393514, "length_change_ratio": 0.05155545784324503, "length_difference": -469, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.06450542155344102, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.07692307692307693, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'A coupling-constant definition is given based on the compositeness property of some particle states with respect to the elementary states of other particles. It is applied in the context of the vector-spin-1/2-particle interaction vertices of a field theory, and the standard model. The definition reprodu...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.296581268310547, "char_change_proportion": 0.020707790073408616, "length_change_ratio": 0.025527312060573282, "length_difference": -236, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.0368512865242041, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.047619047619047616, "sentences_consid...
<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">A generalization of</span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">random self-decomposability</span> NEELOLPALAM, S. N. Park Road Thrissur-680 004, India. e-mail: *ssatheesh1963@yahoo.co.in* Department of Statistics, Prajyoti Niketan College Thrissur-680 301, India. e-mail: <...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.1790300607681274, "char_change_proportion": 0.051948051948051965, "length_change_ratio": 0.056625141562853906, "length_difference": -350, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.07940648948312408, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.10416666666666667, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: 'We show that the Lambert series $f(x)=\sum d(n) x^n$ is irrational at $x=1/b$ for negative integers $b < -1$ using an elementary proof that finishes an incomplete proof of Erdős.' author: - 'J. Vandehey' title: On an incomplete argument of Erdős on the irrationality of Lambert series --- Introduction ==...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.2897920608520508, "char_change_proportion": 0.024577332498434523, "length_change_ratio": 0.039889536667689476, "length_difference": -260, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.04809774203526137, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.07894736842105263, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: 'Using THz spectroscopy in external magnetic fields we investigate the low-temperature charge dynamics of strained HgTe, a three dimensional topological insulator. From the Faraday rotation angle and ellipticity a complete characterization of the charge carriers is obtained, including the 2D density, the ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4658477306365967, "char_change_proportion": 0.06536674736635473, "length_change_ratio": 0.06397263744616165, "length_difference": -505, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.11065730695596682, "sentences_changed_count": 9, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.15254237288135594, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: | The bulk viscosity, $\zeta$ and its ratio with the shear viscosity, $\zeta/\eta$ have been studied in an anisotropically expanding pure glue plasma in the presence of turbulent color fields. It has been shown that the anisotropy in the momentum distribution function of gluons, which has been determi...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.041517972946167, "char_change_proportion": 0.004559352035616637, "length_change_ratio": 0.00289234065345474, "length_difference": -27, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.005398984990821726, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.031746031746031744, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'A hybrid map representation, which consists of a modified generalized Voronoi Diagram (GVD)-based topological map and a grid-based metric map, is proposed to facilitate a new frontier-driven exploration strategy. Exploration frontiers are the regions on the boundary between open space and unexplored spac...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.2959864139556885, "char_change_proportion": 0.018004089571592385, "length_change_ratio": 0.022388795739224775, "length_difference": -227, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.029113672496025436, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.03225806451612903, "sentences_cons...
--- abstract: 'A computable ring is a ring equipped with mechanical procedure to add and multiply elements. In most natural computable integral domains, there is a computational procedure to determine if a given element is prime/irreducible. However, there do exist computable UFDs (in fact, polynomial rings over comput...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.0150338411331177, "char_change_proportion": 0.07496624742414548, "length_change_ratio": 0.039426023962106434, "length_difference": -283, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.04885259749401661, "sentences_changed_count": 6, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.11538461538461539, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'In this paper we first demonstrate continuous noisy speech recognition using electroencephalography (EEG) signals on English vocabulary using different types of state of the art end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, we further provide results obtained using EEG data recorded under differe...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.6004258394241333, "char_change_proportion": 0.04586032750089275, "length_change_ratio": 0.05448590710599444, "length_difference": -549, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.07088582283543292, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.078125, "sentences_considered": 5, ...
--- abstract: 'The existence of the five-quark Fock states for the intrinsic charm quark in the nucleons was suggested some time ago, but conclusive evidence is still lacking. We generalize the previous theoretical approach to the light-quark sector and study possible experimental signatures for such five-quark states....
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.2702170610427856, "char_change_proportion": 0.08946379534614823, "length_change_ratio": 0.0989146860832532, "length_difference": -720, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.1182170542635659, "sentences_changed_count": 7, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.1320754716981132, "sentences_considered...
--- abstract: 'We use models of thermal evolution and XUV-driven mass loss to explore the composition and history of low-mass low-density transiting planets. We investigate the Kepler-11 system in detail and provide estimates of both the current and past planetary compositions. We find that a H/He envelope on Kepler-11...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.777883768081665, "char_change_proportion": 0.03704108391608396, "length_change_ratio": 0.05462854713572112, "length_difference": -514, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.06940874035989718, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0625, "sentences_considered": 4, "se...
--- abstract: 'We show the first lattice QCD results on the axial charge $g_A^{N^*N^*}$ of $N^*(1535)$ and $N^*(1650)$. The measurements are performed with two flavors of dynamical quarks employing the renormalization-group improved gauge action at $\beta$=1.95 and the mean-field improved clover quark action with the h...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.5278265476226807, "char_change_proportion": 0.006624236913884918, "length_change_ratio": 0.010851311200103346, "length_difference": -84, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.012472391840977004, "sentences_changed_count": 1, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.025, "sentences_considered": 1, "...
--- bibliography: - 'cosmoBell.bib' --- =15.5pt [ ]{} [Daniel Green$^1$ and Rafael A. Porto$^2$]{} *$^1$ Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA* *$^2$ Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany* [**Abstract**]{} Structure in the Univ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.022538900375366, "char_change_proportion": 0.028280480380762585, "length_change_ratio": 0.04236186348862405, "length_difference": -391, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.058201634877384195, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.07547169811320754, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: | Counterexamples to some old-standing optimization problems in the smooth convex coercive setting are provided. We show that block-coordinate, steepest descent with exact search or Bregman descent methods do not generally converge. Other failures of various desirable features are established: directi...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.6319327354431152, "char_change_proportion": 0.15504442010466102, "length_change_ratio": 0.022382671480144403, "length_difference": -186, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.038797284190106696, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.10638297872340426, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: | The decoherence of a two-state tunneling molecule, such as a chiral molecule or ammonia, due to collisions with a buffer gas is analyzed in terms of a succession of quantum states of the molecule satisfying the conditions for a consistent family of histories. With $\hbar\omega$ the separation in ene...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.9054498672485352, "char_change_proportion": 0.14213849391715005, "length_change_ratio": 0.08672166568454134, "length_difference": -883, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.09882399446585631, "sentences_changed_count": 6, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.10714285714285714, "sentences_conside...
--- address: | Physique Théorique et Mathématique,\ Université Libre de Bruxelles, C.P. 231, Brussels scale. The quadratic sensitivity of the scalar mass to ultraviolet physics suggests the presence of new states beyond the SM (BSM) at or below the TeV scale. But, in spite of the impressive range of searches pe...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.5346777439117432, "char_change_proportion": 0.0653247483903232, "length_change_ratio": 0.11400613062956849, "length_difference": -967, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.1350806451612903, "sentences_changed_count": 7, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.14583333333333334, "sentences_considere...
--- abstract: | For fixed compact connected Lie groups H $\subseteq$ G, we provide a polynomial time algorithm to compute the multiplicity of a given irreducible representation of H in the restriction of an irreducible representation of G. Our algorithm is based on a finite difference formula which makes the multip...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.6859298944473267, "char_change_proportion": 0.03322278466282658, "length_change_ratio": 0.05993904503894345, "length_difference": -531, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.06350829356964326, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05, "sentences_considered": 2, "sen...
--- title: 'Modeling of Transport through Submicron Semiconductor Structures: A Direct Solution of the Coupled Poisson-Boltzmann Equations' --- We report on a computational approach based on the self-consistent solution of the steady-state Boltzmann transport equation coupled with the Poisson equation for the study of...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.4139323234558105, "char_change_proportion": 0.03002476892406214, "length_change_ratio": 0.0399052693901717, "length_difference": -337, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.05880952380952381, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.10256410256410256, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'A robust classification method is developed on the basis of sparse subspace decomposition. This method tries to decompose a mixture of subspaces of unlabeled data (queries) into class subspaces as few as possible. Each query is classified into the class whose subspace significantly contributes to the dec...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.4085273742675781, "char_change_proportion": 0.03297412402400468, "length_change_ratio": 0.04799093084771382, "length_difference": -381, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.0627142313063349, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.1, "sentences_considered": 5, "sente...
--- abstract: | The large-scale energy spectrum in two-dimensional turbulence governed by the surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation $$\partial_t(-\Delta)^{1/2}\psi+J(\psi,(-\Delta)^{1/2}\psi) =\mu\Delta\psi+f$$ is studied. The nonlinear transfer of this system conserves the two quadratic quantities $\Psi_1=\...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.4608209133148193, "char_change_proportion": 0.040197736438142284, "length_change_ratio": 0.06250787649653435, "length_difference": -496, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.07635717909690512, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0851063829787234, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'Several theorems are demonstrated that determine the sufficient conditions for the existence of synchronized states (periodical and chaotic) and also of travelling waves in a CML. Also are analytically proven the existence of period-doubling cascades for the mentioned patterns. The temporal state of any ...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 2.0356509685516357, "char_change_proportion": 0.09120808128266866, "length_change_ratio": 0.05205354078480723, "length_difference": -455, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.07966336177080932, "sentences_changed_count": 6, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.11538461538461539, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: | We consider the problem of estimating a spatially varying density function, motivated by problems that arise in large-scale radiological survey and anomaly detection. In this context, the density functions to be estimated are the background gamma-ray energy spectra at sites spread across a large geo...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.8550167083740234, "char_change_proportion": 0.0036171396772398667, "length_change_ratio": 0.004441976679622432, "length_difference": -16, "sentence_change_proportion": 0, "sentences_changed_count": 0, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0, "sentences_considered": 0, "sentences_perturbed": ...
--- abstract: 'Proton acceleration by using a 620-TW, $18$-J laser pulse of peak intensity of $5\times 10^{21}$ W/cm$^{2}$ irradiating a disk target is examined using three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. It is shown that protons are accelerated efficiently to high energy for a “light” material in the first l...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.7911397218704224, "char_change_proportion": 0.04654073736913977, "length_change_ratio": 0.05575221238938053, "length_difference": -504, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.0832682218997656, "sentences_changed_count": 7, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.09090909090909091, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'In the core-degenerate (CD) scenario for the formation of Type Ia supernovae (SNe) the Chandrasekhar or super-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarf (WD) is formed at the termination of the common envelope phase or during the planetary nebula phase, from a merger of a WD companion with the hot core of a massive ...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.6819820404052734, "char_change_proportion": 0.07153767820773926, "length_change_ratio": 0.0901908350553057, "length_difference": -742, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.13712743775297437, "sentences_changed_count": 10, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.14492753623188406, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'We examine the results of Chiral Effective Field Theory ([$\chi$EFT]{}) for the scalar- and spin-dipole polarisabilities of the proton and neutron, both for the physical pion mass and as a function of ${\ensuremath{m_\pi}}$. This provides chiral extrapolations for lattice-QCD polarisability computations....
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.7038280963897705, "char_change_proportion": 0.005903059842946146, "length_change_ratio": 0.005077787381158168, "length_difference": -47, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.008258176681516897, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0425531914893617, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'We propose a universal gate set acting on a qubit formed by the degenerate ground states of a Coulomb-blockaded time-reversal invariant topological superconductor island with spatially separated Majorana Kramers pairs: the “Majorana Kramers Qubit". All gate operations are implemented by coupling the Majo...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.4550485610961914, "char_change_proportion": 0.026187419768934572, "length_change_ratio": 0.013768485466598673, "length_difference": -108, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.03783021287509618, "sentences_changed_count": 6, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.13953488372093023, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: 'We re-examine the physics of supercritical nuclei, specially focusing on the scattering phase $\delta_{\varkappa}$ and its dependence on the energy $\varepsilon$ of the diving electronic level, for which we give both exact and approximate formulas. The Coulomb potential $Z\alpha/r$ is rounded to the cons...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.5776196718215942, "char_change_proportion": 0.38396111786148235, "length_change_ratio": 0.021106064654020838, "length_difference": -158, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.024377104377104376, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.06521739130434782, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: 'The local structure of  in the incommensurate charge density wave (IC-CDW) state has been obtained using atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of x-ray diffraction data. Local atomic distortions in the Te-nets due to the CDW are larger than observed crystallographically, resulting in distinct ...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.9167190790176392, "char_change_proportion": 0.16708583220481077, "length_change_ratio": 0.09963235294117648, "length_difference": -813, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.11301877470355731, "sentences_changed_count": 7, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.11475409836065574, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'In modified gravity the propagation of gravitational waves (GWs) is in general different from that in general relativity. As a result, the luminosity distance for GWs can differ from that for electromagnetic signals, and is affected both by the dark energy equation of state $\wde(z)$ and by a function $\...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.5536812543869019, "char_change_proportion": 0.04583895956222017, "length_change_ratio": 0.0793065793065793, "length_difference": -581, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.09011109587162255, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.09090909090909091, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: | We prove that the bicrossed product of two groups is a quotient of the pushout of two semidirect products. A matched pair of groups $(H, G, \alpha, \beta)$ is deformed using a combinatorial datum $(\sigma, v, r)$ consisting of an automorphism $\sigma$ of $H$, a permutation $v$ of the set $G$ and a t...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.4232945442199707, "char_change_proportion": 0.04377444178125389, "length_change_ratio": 0.05853539064413422, "length_difference": -478, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.0843715307758727, "sentences_changed_count": 6, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.10909090909090909, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'While the analysis of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data often provides reliable estimates for certain forest stand attributes – such as total volume or basal area – there is still room for improvement, especially in estimating species-specific attributes. Moreover, while information on the estimate unce...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.7092626094818115, "char_change_proportion": 0.05422390300873148, "length_change_ratio": 0.08427445131046239, "length_difference": -791, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.10119239445697711, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.07246376811594203, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'The lack of our knowledge on how angular momentum is transported in accretion disks around black holes has prevented us from fully understanding their high energy emissions. We briefly highlight some theoretical models, emphasizing the energy flow and electron energization processes. More questions and u...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 2.145940065383911, "char_change_proportion": 0.023663361141717854, "length_change_ratio": 0.0343440594059406, "length_difference": -333, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.04329318936877077, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05263157894736842, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'We recently demonstrated a 1$^{\textrm{st}}$-order axial gradiometer SQUID system which is operated in a liquid He dewar with negligible noise contribution. The achieved close to SQUID limited measured coupled energy sensitivity $\varepsilon_{c}$ of $\sim 30\,h$ corresponds to a white field noise below 1...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.4203611612319946, "char_change_proportion": 0.4775210955872181, "length_change_ratio": 0.09938214802155909, "length_difference": -756, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.12362818987174402, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.08888888888888889, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: | The asymptotic behaviour of the solutions of Poincaré’s functional equation $f(\lambda z)=p(f(z))$ ($\lambda>1$) for $p$ a real polynomial of degree $\geq2$ is studied in angular regions $W$ of the complex plain. It is known [@Derfel_Grabner_Vogl2007:asymptotics_poincare_functions; @Derfel_Grabner_V...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.2937391996383667, "char_change_proportion": 0.06712944703005441, "length_change_ratio": 0.10903937947494033, "length_difference": -731, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.12179391030448478, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.09090909090909091, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'A system of functional equations relating the Euler characteristics of moduli spaces of stable representations of quivers and the Euler characteristics of (Hilbert scheme-type) framed versions of quiver moduli is derived. This is applied to wall-crossing formulas for the Donaldson-Thomas type invariants ...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.4453285932540894, "char_change_proportion": 0.031031279033756576, "length_change_ratio": 0.04917834702754954, "length_difference": -407, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.05774596627441465, "sentences_changed_count": 1, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.030303030303030304, "sentences_consi...
--- author: - 'Felix Kahlhoefer,' - 'Kai Schmidt-Hoberg,' - Thomas Schwetz - and Stefan Vogl title: Implications of unitarity and gauge invariance for simplified dark matter models --- Introduction ============ After the successful discovery of a Higgs Boson consistent with the predictions of the Standard Model (SM),...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.3794256448745728, "char_change_proportion": 0.09017513352378581, "length_change_ratio": 0.03274282223579719, "length_difference": -268, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.043521022866978114, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.046511627906976744, "sentences_consi...
--- bibliography: - 'Planck\_bib.bib' - 'Zodi.bib' - 'SSO4ken/SSO\_extra.bib' title: ' 2013 results. XIV. Zodiacal emission' --- ,[–]{} Introduction {#sec:introduction} ============ This paper, one of a set associated with the 2013 release of data from the [^1] mission [@planck2011-1.1], describes the measurement of...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.9289077520370483, "char_change_proportion": 0.009253256321093861, "length_change_ratio": 0.007866619701772925, "length_difference": -67, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.014209591474245116, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.03076923076923077, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: 'We describe our efforts to understand large-scale (10’s–100’s kpc) relativistic jet systems through observations of the highest-redshift quasars. Results from a VLA survey search for radio jets in $\sim$30 z$>$3.4 quasars are described along with new $Chandra$ observations of 4 selected targets.' author:...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.5925685167312622, "char_change_proportion": 0.11060537096040057, "length_change_ratio": 0.12355871886120996, "length_difference": -868, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.14905226881102815, "sentences_changed_count": 8, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.15384615384615385, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'We investigate the notion of symplectic divisorial compactification for symplectic 4-manifolds with either convex or concave type boundary. This is motivated by the notion of compactifying divisors for open algebraic surfaces. We give a sufficient and necessary criterion, which is simple and also works i...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.55960214138031, "char_change_proportion": 0.11048332616839651, "length_change_ratio": 0.07643236857649144, "length_difference": -647, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.11816768329147231, "sentences_changed_count": 9, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.10843373493975904, "sentences_considere...
--- abstract: 'Non-Gaussianity generated in inflation can be contributed by two parts. The first part, denoted by $f_{NL}^{\delta N}$, is the contribution from four-point correlation of inflaton field which can be calculated using $\delta N$ formalism, and the second part, denoted by $f_{NL}^{int}$, is the contribution...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.7600986957550049, "char_change_proportion": 0.04594477998274371, "length_change_ratio": 0.044706874736398144, "length_difference": -424, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.06091478297782023, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0847457627118644, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: 'For a metric space $X$, let $\mathsf FX$ be the space of all nonempty finite subsets of $X$ endowed with the largest metric $d^1_{\mathsf FX}$ such that for every $n\in{\mathbb N}$ the map $X^n\to\mathsf FX$, $(x_1,\dots,x_n)\mapsto \{x_1,\dots,x_n\}$, is non-expanding with respect to the $\ell^1$-metric...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 0.7936775088310242, "char_change_proportion": 0.1400943396226415, "length_change_ratio": 0.025151374010246856, "length_difference": -162, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.03328125, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05555555555555555, "sentences_considered": 2, ...
--- abstract: 'We consider the problem of online learning and its application to solving minimax games. For the online learning problem, Follow the Perturbed Leader (FTPL) is a widely studied algorithm which enjoys the optimal ${O\left({T^{1/2}}\right)}$ *worst case* regret guarantee for both convex and nonconvex losse...
null
{ "baseline_loss": 1.2070863246917725, "char_change_proportion": 0.020419365462729155, "length_change_ratio": 0.027073857483214208, "length_difference": -250, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.03813051530667829, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0392156862745098, "sentences_consid...
--- abstract: 'We propose a generalization of Yang-Mills theory for which the symmetry algebra does not have to be factorized as mutually commuting algebras of a finite-dimensional Lie algebra and the algebra of functions on base space. The algebra of diffeomorphism can be constructed as an example, and a class of grav...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.7514489889144897, "char_change_proportion": 0.05267548563937552, "length_change_ratio": 0.08446524369364228, "length_difference": -740, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.10106933425319076, "sentences_changed_count": 5, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.09090909090909091, "sentences_conside...
--- abstract: | We compute the warping of a disc induced by an inclined dipole. We consider a magnetised star surrounded by a thin Keplerian diamagnetic disc with an inner edge that corotates with the star. We suppose the stellar field is a dipole with an axis that is slightly misaligned with the stellar rotation a...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.7466522455215454, "char_change_proportion": 0.07133606734297426, "length_change_ratio": 0.06089777126713404, "length_difference": -582, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.08622691292875989, "sentences_changed_count": 7, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0945945945945946, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'While 3GPP has been developing NB-IoT, the market of Low Power Wide Area Networks has been mastered by cheap and simple Sigfox and LoRa/LoRaWAN technologies. Being positioned as having an open standard, LoRaWAN has attracted also much interest from the research community. Specifically, many papers addres...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.7681469917297363, "char_change_proportion": 0.0261449802851077, "length_change_ratio": 0.01097972972972973, "length_difference": -91, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.015457643622200585, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.03225806451612903, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'We study the problem of multiclass classification with an extremely large number of classes ($k$), with the goal of obtaining train and test time complexity logarithmic in the number of classes. We develop top-down tree construction approaches for constructing logarithmic depth trees. On the theoretical ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.406057357788086, "char_change_proportion": 0.021311475409836023, "length_change_ratio": 0.02028397565922921, "length_difference": -200, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.034659032818730194, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.043478260869565216, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: 'A dominating set of a graph $G$ is a subset $D \subseteq V_G$ such that every vertex not in $D$ is adjacent to at least one vertex in $D$. The cardinality of a smallest dominating set of $G$, denoted by $\gamma(G)$, is the domination number of $G$. The accurate domination number of $G$, denoted by $\gamm...
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{ "baseline_loss": 0.78080815076828, "char_change_proportion": 0.3555790673069097, "length_change_ratio": 0.15759484180536812, "length_difference": -1051, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.18089615501059642, "sentences_changed_count": 7, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.13725490196078433, "sentences_considere...
--- abstract: 'The orbits of the reversible differential system $\dot{x}=-y$, $\dot{y}=x$, $\dot{{z}}=0$, with $x,y \in {\mathbb{R}}$ and ${z}\in {\mathbb{R}}^d$, are periodic with the exception of the equilibrium points $(0,0, {z})$. We compute the maximum number of limit cycles which bifurcate from the periodic orbit...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.2351880073547363, "char_change_proportion": 0.034996063837400726, "length_change_ratio": 0.0012873694750393362, "length_difference": -9, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.041576751546540065, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.08333333333333333, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: 'Let $X \subset\mathbb{C}^r$ be compact $d$-variety with isolated determinantal singularities and $\omega$ be a $1$-form on $X$ with a finite number of singularities (in the stratified sense). Under some technical conditions on $r$ we use two generalization of Poincaré-Hopf index with the goal of proving ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.5849050283432007, "char_change_proportion": 0.030831187693932782, "length_change_ratio": 0.03668178872326636, "length_difference": -283, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.05177824267782427, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.0625, "sentences_considered": 3, "...
Introduction ============ One of the goals of the recent nuclear physics is to find the equation of state of nuclear matter. Indeed, the dependence of the pressure on the density of nucleons is a crucial input for a hydrodynamical modeling of heavy ion collisions or of astrophysical events like the big bang, supernova...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.6765443086624146, "char_change_proportion": 0.03507325426523755, "length_change_ratio": 0.04063626196097925, "length_difference": -327, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.057940182705543734, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.08, "sentences_considered": 4, "se...
--- author: - | [Nakwoo Kim, Yoonbai Kim${}^{\ast}$ and Kyoungtae Kimm]{}\ [*Department of Physics and Center for Theoretical Physics,*]{}\ [*Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea*]{}\ [*nakwoo$@$phya.snu.ac.kr, dragon$@$phya.snu.ac.kr*]{}\ [*${}^{\ast}$Department of Physics, Sung Kyun Kwa...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.612354040145874, "char_change_proportion": 0.01889129761536079, "length_change_ratio": 0.02356541698546289, "length_difference": -154, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.03352298938951253, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.06666666666666667, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: | We study $\gamma\gamma$ scattering in noncommutative QED (NCQED) where the gauge field has Yang-Mills type coupling, giving new contributions to the scattering process and making it possible for it to occur at tree level. The contribution to scattering is not SM. But it is found that the Standard Mo...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.248038649559021, "char_change_proportion": 0.011111907663631793, "length_change_ratio": 0.011830102622576968, "length_difference": -83, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.017754868270332187, "sentences_changed_count": 1, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.030303030303030304, "sentences_consi...
--- abstract: 'We propose and investigate an exactly solvable model of non-equilibrium Luttinger liquid on a star graph, modeling a multi-terminal quantum wire junction. The boundary condition at the junction is fixed by an orthogonal matrix $\S$, which describes the splitting of the electric current among the leads. T...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.6628936529159546, "char_change_proportion": 0.02181120223346711, "length_change_ratio": 0.02922971114167813, "length_difference": -255, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.042484414684830295, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05084745762711865, "sentences_consid...
TIT/HEP–499\ [hep-th/0307206]{}\ July, 2003\ [\ ]{}\ [ **Minoru Eto $^{a}$**]{} [^1], [ **Nobuhito Maru $^{b}$**]{} [^2]  and   [ **Norisuke Sakai $^{a}$**]{} [^3] 1.5em [ *$^{a}$Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology\ Tokyo 152-8551, JAPAN\ and\ $^{b}$Theoretical Physics Laboratory\ RIKEN (The Instit...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.777998685836792, "char_change_proportion": 0.001265288907633888, "length_change_ratio": 0.0008431703204047217, "length_difference": -7, "sentence_change_proportion": 0, "sentences_changed_count": 0, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0, "sentences_considered": 0, "sentences_perturbed": 0,...
--- abstract: | Given a class $\clC$ of models, a binary relation $\clR$ between models, and a model-theoretic language $L$, we consider the modal logic and the modal algebra of the theory of $\clC$ in $L$ where the modal operator is interpreted via $\clR$. We discuss how modal theories of $\clC$ and $\clR$ depend ...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.7064483165740967, "char_change_proportion": 0.04539893978523857, "length_change_ratio": 0.07609832635983263, "length_difference": -582, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.0813264903276747, "sentences_changed_count": 2, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05263157894736842, "sentences_consider...
--- abstract: 'The fabrication of artificial pinning structures allows a new generation of experiments which can probe the properties of vortex arrays by forcing them to flow in confined geometries. We discuss the theoretical analysis of such experiments in both flux liquids and flux solids, focusing on the Corbino dis...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.7807202339172363, "char_change_proportion": 0.07278128481247681, "length_change_ratio": 0.03023284164330123, "length_difference": -248, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.041221935958778065, "sentences_changed_count": 3, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.05, "sentences_considered": 3, "se...
--- abstract: 'We discuss the soundness of the scaling functional (SF) approach proposed by Aubouy Guiselin and Raphaël (Macromolecules **29**, 7261 (1996)) to describe polymeric interfaces. In particular, we demonstrate that this approach is a variational theory. We True brushes.' author: - Manoel Manghi - Miguel Aubo...
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{ "baseline_loss": 1.9168758392333984, "char_change_proportion": 0.08671233722150218, "length_change_ratio": 0.10024621878297572, "length_difference": -855, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.1263905325443787, "sentences_changed_count": 9, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.13432835820895522, "sentences_consider...
--- author: - 'Hao Tong, Jialin Liu, XinYao' bibliography: - 'reference.bib' title: 'Algorithm Portfolio for Individual-based Surrogate-Assisted Evolutionary Algorithms' --- Introduction ============ Computationally expensive problems (CEPs) are very common in many real-world systems, requiring enormous computational...
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{ "baseline_loss": 2.0297157764434814, "char_change_proportion": 0.02283937379369505, "length_change_ratio": 0.03414839797639123, "length_difference": -324, "sentence_change_proportion": 0.04468265760984929, "sentences_changed_count": 4, "sentences_changed_ratio": 0.07272727272727272, "sentences_conside...