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= = = Supplanting text wordlessly = = =
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While Berlioz allowed the programmatic aspects of his text to shape the symphonic form of Roméo and to guide its content , he also showed how an orchestra could supplant such a text wordlessly to further illustrate it . He wrote in his preface to Roméo :
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If , in the famous garden and cemetery scenes the dialogue of the two lovers , Juliet 's asides , and Romeo 's passionate outbursts are not sung , if the duets of love and despair are given to the orchestra , the reasons are numerous and easy to comprehend . First , and this alone would be sufficient , it is a symphon... |
As a manifesto , this paragraph became significant for the amalgamation of symphonic and dramatic elements in the same musical composition . Musicologist Hugh MacDonald writes that as Berlioz kept the idea of symphonic construction closely in mind , he allowed the orchestra to express the majority of the drama in inst... |
More recently , Alfred Schnittke allowed the programmatic aspects of his texts to dictate the course of both his choral symphonies even when no words were being sung . Schnittke 's six @-@ movement Second Symphony , following the Ordinary of the Mass of the Roman Catholic Church , works programmatically on two levels ... |
The program in Schnittke 's Fourth Symphony , reflecting the composer 's own religious dilemma at the time it was written , is more complex in execution , with the majority of it expressed wordlessly . In the 22 variations that make up the symphony 's single movement , Schnittke enacts the 15 traditional Mysteries of ... |
= Hurricane Nate ( 2005 ) =
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Hurricane Nate was an Atlantic hurricane that threatened Bermuda but remained at sea during early September 2005 . The fourteenth named storm and seventh hurricane of the annual Atlantic hurricane season , Nate formed southwest of Bermuda on September 5 and initially moved very slowly to the northeast . Early forecast... |
The hurricane caused no structural damage while tropical , although it generated rip currents in combination with other storms that killed one person off the New Jersey coast . Nate dropped light rainfall and produced gusty winds on the island of Bermuda . The remnants of hurricanes Nate and Maria contributed to heavy... |
= = Meteorological history = =
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A tropical wave emerged from the west coast of Africa on August 30 and tracked westward across the Atlantic Ocean , maintaining a vigorous area of convection along the wave axis . By September 1 most of the deep convection had been stripped away by southwesterly wind shear . Despite this , the wave remained well @-@ d... |
Upon being designated , Tropical Depression Fifteen developed deep convection close to , and to the east of , the center of circulation . At the same time , banding features became better organized . Later on September 5 , the overall cloud pattern improved while thunderstorm activity condensed and deepened within the... |
Within the early hours of September 6 , Nate became quasi @-@ stationary under a weak steering pattern between Hurricane Maria and a disturbance over The Bahamas . Satellite imagery indicated that the cloud pattern continued to organize with excellent outflow surrounding the storm . Late on September 6 a developing ba... |
While at peak intensity , the storm maintained a well @-@ organized and " impressive " convective pattern . Soon after the storm peaked in strength , increasing wind shear and dry air caused Nate to weaken back into a tropical storm later on September 9 . Satellite imagery showed that the cloud pattern began to rapidl... |
= = Impact , records , and naming = =
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A tropical storm watch was issued for Bermuda early on September 7 , and later that day a tropical storm warning and a hurricane watch superseded it . However , the storm did not land on the island and the warnings were canceled as the storm moved away September 8 . Four cruise ships left the island early , and flight... |
The outer bands of Nate brushed Bermuda with sustained winds of 35 mph ( 55 km / h ) and widespread showers . Gusts were higher , peaking at roughly 50 mph ( 80 km / h ) . Less than 1 inch ( 25 mm ) of rain was recorded at Bermuda International Airport . " We definitely did not get the worst case scenario with this st... |
Tropical energy from the remnants of Nate and Maria merged to form a broad storm system that would track toward parts of Europe . The mid @-@ latitude cyclone produced a day of heavy rains across the Scottish Highlands that included a 24 @-@ hour precipitation total of 5 @.@ 17 in ( 131 mm ) on the Isle of Skye . As i... |
Four Canadian Navy ships headed to the Gulf Coast of the United States , carrying relief supplies to help in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina , were slowed down trying to avoid Hurricanes Nate and Ophelia . The convoy included a destroyer , two frigates , and an icebreaker , and developed a plan to travel between th... |
= Bribery Act 2010 =
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The Bribery Act 2010 ( c.23 ) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that covers the criminal law relating to bribery . Introduced to Parliament in the Queen 's Speech in 2009 after several decades of reports and draft bills , the Act received the Royal Assent on 8 April 2010 following cross @-@ party suppo... |
The penalties for committing a crime under the Act are a maximum of 10 years ' imprisonment , along with an unlimited fine , and the potential for the confiscation of property under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 , as well as the disqualification of directors under the Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986 . The... |
= = Background = =
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Prior to the Act , British anti @-@ bribery law was based on the Public Bodies Corrupt Practices Act 1889 , the Prevention of Corruption Act 1906 and the Prevention of Corruption Act 1916 , a body of law described as " inconsistent , anachronistic and inadequate " . Following the Poulson affair in 1972 , the Salmon Co... |
A draft Bribery Bill was announced in the 2002 Queen 's Speech , but was rejected by the joint committee examining it . A second consultation paper was issued in 2005 examining the committee 's concerns , before the government announced in March that " there was broad support for reform of the current law , but there ... |
The Bill was given Royal Assent on 8 April 2010 , becoming the Bribery Act 2010 , and was expected to come into force immediately . The government instead chose to hold several rounds of public consultations before announcing that it would come into force in April 2011 . Following the publication of guidance by the Mi... |
= = Act = =
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= = = General bribery offences = = =
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Sections 1 to 5 of the Act cover " general bribery offences " . The crime of bribery is described in Section 1 as occurring when a person offers , gives or promises to give a " financial or other advantage " to another individual in exchange for " improperly " performing a " relevant function or activity " . Section 2... |
Under Section 4 , the activity will be considered to be " improperly " performed when the expectation of good faith or impartiality has been breached , or when the function has been performed in a way not expected of a person in a position of trust . Section 5 provides that the standard in deciding what would be expec... |
= = = Bribery of foreign public officials = = =
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Bribery of foreign public officials is a distinct crime under Section 6 , in line with the OECD Anti @-@ Bribery Convention . A person will be guilty of this offence if they promise , offer or give a financial or other advantage to a foreign public official , either directly or through a third party , where such an ad... |
= = = Failure of commercial organisations to prevent bribery = = =
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Section 7 creates the " broad and innovatory offence " of the failure of commercial organisations to prevent bribery on their behalf . This applies to all commercial organisations which have business in the UK . Unlike corporate manslaughter , this does not only apply to the organisation itself ; individuals and emplo... |
Guidance was published by the Secretary of State three months before the Act came into force . The Guidance sets out 6 principles to be followed by business . They cover such topics as Proportionate Procedures , Top @-@ level Commitment , Risk Assessment , Due Diligence , Communication ( including training ) and Monit... |
= = = Prosecution and penalties = = =
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Section 10 requires the authorisation of any prosecution by the director of the appropriate prosecution agency before a case can go ahead ; this is a shift from the old regime , which required the consent of the Attorney General for England and Wales . Section 11 explains the penalties for individuals and companies fo... |
= = = Other provisions = = =
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The scope of the Act 's provisions is set out in Section 12 . For someone to fall within the Act 's purview , they must have either committed a crime inside the United Kingdom , or acted outside of the United Kingdom in a way which would have constituted a crime had it happened in the UK . For a prosecution in the lat... |
Under Section 16 , the Act applies to servants of the crown , while Section 17 repeals all previous common law and statutory offences relating to bribery , replacing them with provisions of the Act . Section 18 provides that the Act applies to England and Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland ; while the separate cons... |
= = Assessment = =
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The Act has been described as " the toughest anti @-@ corruption legislation in the world " , raising the bar above the standard set by the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act . Despite being " widely drafted and far @-@ reaching in scope [ and ] in many ways an improvement on earlier corruption legislation " ... |
= Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues =
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" Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " is a song written and performed by Bob Dylan . It was originally recorded on August 2 , 1965 , and released on the album Highway 61 Revisited . The song was later released on the compilation album Bob Dylan 's Greatest Hits Vol . II and as two separate live versions recorded at concert... |
" Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " has six verses but no chorus . The song 's lyrics describe a nightmare vision of the narrator 's experience in Juarez , Mexico , in which he encounters sickness , despair , prostitutes , saints , shady women , corrupt authorities , alcohol and drugs , before finally deciding to return ... |
= = Lyrics and music = =
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" Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " was recorded on August 2 , 1965 , at Columbia Studios in New York , the same day Dylan recorded " Ballad of a Thin Man " , " Highway 61 Revisited " and " Queen Jane Approximately " , three other songs that would appear on Highway 61 Revisited . However , " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues ... |
According to Dylan biographer Clinton Heylin , on early takes of the song , Sam Lay was the drummer and Frank Owens played piano . In Heylin 's opinion , Gregg 's jazzier drumming and Griffin 's more fluid piano playing better communicated the feeling of dislocation that Dylan desired for the song . Take 5 of the song... |
Lyrically , " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " continues the theme of road weariness from the album 's previous song , " Highway 61 Revisited . " The singer finds himself in Juarez , Mexico , at Easter time , amidst sickness , despair , whores and saints . While there , he encounters corrupt authorities and women of dub... |
During a concert in Melbourne in 1966 , Dylan said of the song , " This is about a painter down in Mexico city who travels through the North of Mexico up to Del Rio Texas all the time , his name is Tom Thumb , and right now he is about 125 years old but he 's still going , and everybody likes him a lot down there , he... |
Like many of the songs on Highway 61 Revisited , " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " has abundant literary references , including images recalling Malcolm Lowry 's novel Under the Volcano and a street name taken from Edgar Allan Poe 's short story " The Murders in the Rue Morgue " . The song also uses the phrase " housin... |
Musically , " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " consists of no chorus , but six verses , varied by a handful of chords and Dylan 's vocal emphasis . Keyboards , drums and vocals provide texture , while Mike Bloomfield plays Latin Americanesque fills on electric guitar . The keyboard parts in particular make innovative us... |
I 'm going back to New York City
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I do believe I 've had enough .
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= = Other appearances and acclaim = =
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In addition to its appearance on the Highway 61 Revisited album , " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " was also included on the compilation album Bob Dylan 's Greatest Hits Vol . II ( known as More Bob Dylan Greatest Hits in Europe ) and on another compilation released exclusively in Europe titled Bob Dylan 's Greatest Hi... |
The song has also been popular live in concert . Clinton Heylin has stated that " as performed live in 1965 – 66 , ' Tom Thumb ' became an inferno of pain . As if pain were indeed art . " A live version recorded at a concert in Liverpool , England on May 14 , 1966 , featuring Dylan backed by The Band , was released as... |
In a 2005 reader 's poll published in Mojo magazine , " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " was listed as the number 13 all @-@ time greatest Bob Dylan song . In 2002 , Uncut magazine listed it as the number 38 all @-@ time best Bob Dylan song . Music journalist Toby Creswell included " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " on hi... |
= = Cover versions = =
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Canadian singer @-@ songwriter Gordon Lightfoot covered " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " in 1965 in a version that reached number 3 on Canada 's national RPM singles chart , and number 8 on Toronto 's CHUM Chart . Other covers recorded in the 1960s include those by Barry McGuire , on his 1966 album This Precious Time ... |
Frankie Miller covered " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " in 1973 on Once in a Blue Moon , Linda Ronstadt covered it in 1998 on We Ran and Bryan Ferry covered it on his 2007 album Dylanesque . The Grateful Dead have , on occasion , covered " Just Like Tom Thumb 's Blues " live in concert , with bassist Phil Lesh taking ... |
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