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wiki_10400_chunk_0 | Doping (Semiconductors) | In most cases many types of impurities will be present in the resultant doped semiconductor. If an equal number of donors and acceptors are present in the semiconductor, the extra core electrons provided by the former will be used to satisfy the broken bonds due to the latter, so that doping produces no free carriers o... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10401_chunk_0 | Doping (Semiconductors) | Partial compensation, where donors outnumber acceptors or vice versa, allows device makers to repeatedly reverse (invert) the type of a certain layer under the surface of a bulk semiconductor by diffusing or implanting successively higher doses of dopants, so-called counterdoping. Most modern semiconductor devices are ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10402_chunk_0 | Chemical energetics | In most cases of interest in chemical thermodynamics there are internal degrees of freedom and processes, such as chemical reactions and phase transitions, which create entropy in the universe unless they are at equilibrium or are maintained at a "running equilibrium" through "quasi-static" changes by being coupled to ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10403_chunk_0 | Relative trace formula | In most cases of the Arthur–Selberg trace formula, the quotient G(F)\G(A) is not compact, which causes the following (closely related) problems: The representation on L2(G(F)\G(A)) contains not only discrete components, but also continuous components. The kernel is no longer integrable over the diagonal, and the operat... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10404_chunk_0 | Relative trace formula | By manipulating the terms further, Arthur was able to produce an invariant trace formula whose terms are invariant. The original Selberg trace formula studied a discrete subgroup Γ of a real Lie group G(R) (usually SL2(R)). In higher rank it is more convenient to replace the Lie group with an adelic group G(A). One rea... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10405_chunk_0 | Bowed legs | In most cases persisting after childhood, there is little or no effect on the ability to walk. Due to uneven stress and wear on the knees, however, even milder manifestations can see an accelerated onset of arthritis. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10406_chunk_0 | Lower gastrointestinal bleeding | In contrast, if the person has previously had a heart attack, the aspirin should be continued despite the active LGIB due to the benefits of preventing another heart attack and consequent death outweighing the risk of bleeding. Dual antiplatelet therapy (e.g., use of both aspirin and clopidogrel) should continue if the... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10407_chunk_0 | Regulator freezing | In most cases surface supplied helmets and full face mask demand valves do not get cold enough to develop ice because the umbilical works as a heat exchanger and warms the air up to the water temperature. If the surface supplied diver bails out to scuba emergency gas supply, then the problems are identical to those for... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10408_chunk_0 | Mechanism of diving regulators | In most cases surface supplied helmets and full face mask demand valves do not get cold enough to develop ice because the umbilical works as a heat exchanger and warms the air up to the water temperature. If the surface supplied diver bails out to scuba emergency gas supply, then the problems are identical to those for... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10409_chunk_0 | Diffuse alopecia areata | In most cases that begin with a small number of patches of hair loss, hair grows back after a few months to a year. In cases with a greater number of patches, hair can either grow back or progress to alopecia areata totalis or, in rare cases, alopecia areata universalis.No loss of body function occurs, and the effects ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10410_chunk_0 | Diffuse alopecia areata | This may not indicate a recurrence of the condition, but rather a natural cycle of growth-and-shedding from a relatively synchronised start; such a pattern will fade over time. Episodes of alopecia areata before puberty predispose to chronic recurrence of the condition.Alopecia can be the cause of psychological stress.... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10411_chunk_0 | Renal transplant | In an instance where there is doubt over whether there is enough space in the recipient's pelvis for the donor's kidney, the textbook recommends using the right side because the right side has a wider choice of arteries and veins for reconstruction. Glen's Urological Surgery (2004) recommends putting the kidney in the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10412_chunk_0 | Dravet syndrome | In most cases the mutations in Dravet syndrome are not hereditary and the mutated gene is found for the first time in a single family member. In 70–90% of patients, Dravet syndrome is caused by nonsense mutations in the SCN1A gene resulting in a premature stop codon and thus a non-functional protein. This gene normally... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10413_chunk_0 | Suzuki coupling | In most cases the oxidative addition is the rate determining step of the catalytic cycle. During this step, the palladium catalyst is oxidized from palladium(0) to palladium(II). The catalytically active palladium species A is coupled with the aryl halide substrate 1 to yield an organopalladium complex B. As seen in th... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10414_chunk_0 | Suzuki coupling | Oxidative addition proceeds with retention of stereochemistry with vinyl halides, while giving inversion of stereochemistry with allylic and benzylic halides. The oxidative addition initially forms the cis–palladium complex, which rapidly isomerizes to the trans-complex. The Suzuki Coupling occurs with retention of con... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10415_chunk_0 | IFRS 15 | In most cases the transaction price to be paid will be stipulated in the contract and quite easy to calculate; however certain circumstances require that a transaction price should be estimated by other methods. Firstly, an entity has to measure the amount of non-cash consideration in a contract in terms of IFRS 13: fa... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10416_chunk_0 | Medical nutrition therapy | In most cases the use of Medical Nutrition is recommended within international and professional guidelines. It can be an integral part of managing acute and short-term diseases. It can also play a major role in supporting patients for extended periods of time and even for a lifetime in some special cases. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10417_chunk_0 | Double electron capture | In the range of their energies (~1–10 keV), the background is usually high. Thus, the experimental detection of double electron capture is more difficult than that for double beta decay. Double electron capture can be accompanied by the excitation of the daughter nucleus. Its de-excitation, in turn, is accompanied by a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10418_chunk_0 | Single reel | In most cases this is a reflective surface which may be either aluminized (for high contrast in moderate ambient light) or a white surface with small glass beads (for high brilliance under dark conditions). A switchable projection screen can be switched between opaque and clear by a safe voltage under 36V AC and is vie... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10419_chunk_0 | IMP cyclohydrolase | In most cases this single-domain protein is arranged to form an overall fold that consists of a four-layered alpha-beta-beta-alpha core structure. The two antiparallel beta-sheets pack against each other and are covered by alpha-helices on one face of the molecule. The protein is structurally similar to members of the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10420_chunk_0 | Cam actuator | In most cases when using an electro-mechanical actuator, it is preferred to have some type of speed control. Such controllers vary the voltage supplied to the motor, which in turn changes the speed at which the lead screw turns. Adjusting the gear ratio is another way to adjust speed. Some actuators are available with ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10421_chunk_0 | Extreme learning machine | In most cases, ELM is used as a single hidden layer feedforward network (SLFN) including but not limited to sigmoid networks, RBF networks, threshold networks, fuzzy inference networks, complex neural networks, wavelet networks, Fourier transform, Laplacian transform, etc. Due to its different learning algorithm implem... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10422_chunk_0 | Designated marksman rifle | In most cases, a designated marksman rifle will share the caliber and possibly even the ammunition type used by standard issue rifles. DM rifles may be issued with standard ball ammunition, or special match grade loads, such as 7.62 mm NATO 'M118LR' sniper round. Sniper rifles are (almost exclusively) deployed with mat... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10423_chunk_0 | Basophil activation | In most cases, a positive skin test is used in identification of allergies, but the activation of basophilic granulocytes with anti-IgE, the expression of the CD63 antigen on the cell surface (plasma membrane) allows identification of the allergen responsible for the hypersensitivity reaction without performing the com... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10424_chunk_0 | Occipital nerve stimulation | If paresthesia is successfully achieved in the right place, permanent leads are usually implanted at a later date. In some cases, the trial leads are left in for up to one week to see whether there is any relief of symptoms.Permanent lead placement may be carried out under general anesthetic or local anesthetic with se... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10425_chunk_0 | Tetrasomy 9p | In most cases, affected individuals carry the tetrasomy in every cell in their bodies. However, some people have the tetrasomy in some of their tissues but not in others; this is referred to as the mosaic form of the syndrome, and often results in less severe symptoms. Non-mosaic tetrasomy 9p is most often the result o... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10426_chunk_0 | Triangulation sensor | In most cases, an optical triangulation sensor is mounted near the top of the swinging door frame, inside a long extruded aluminum tube with an optical window facing the floor. An 880 nm LED light source emits a collimated, near-infrared light beam. The beam bounces off the floor and is received by a photodiode positio... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10427_chunk_0 | Triangulation sensor | When the emitted beam bounces off the floor, the reflected energy is almost exclusively concentrated on the first adjacent photodiode. When a human or object moves into the optical path, the reflected beam bounces back from the object. Since the beam is no longer traveling the full optical path length to the floor, its... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10428_chunk_0 | Triangulation sensor | One of the adjacent photodiodes then receives the optical energy and the sensor responds by sending a signal to the automatic door controller. At that point the door stops, slows or reverses, hence averting a collision and providing safety. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10429_chunk_0 | Triangulation sensor | Triangulation sensors are found on a number of door brands and manufactured by several sensor manufacturers. One example is the SuperScan-II from BEA. Other products from other manufacturers are also available. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10430_chunk_0 | Ore deposit | In most cases, an ore does not consist entirely of a single ore mineral but it is mixed with other valuable minerals and with unwanted or valueless rocks and minerals. The part of an ore that is not economically desirable and that can not be avoided in mining is known as gangue. The valuable ore minerals are separated ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10431_chunk_0 | Fungal-bacterial endosymbiosis | In most cases, bacteria provide the fungus with some form of metabolic benefit while the fungus often provides a suitable living environment. Burkholderia sp. in R. microsporus have been found to produce rhizoxin, an inhibitor of mitosis originally thought to be produced by R. microsporus itself. The production of rhiz... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10432_chunk_0 | Fungal-bacterial endosymbiosis | Ca. G. sporarum, on the other hand, has been found to increase the content of fatty acids, a method of usable organic carbon storage, in G. margarita while relying heavily on its AM fungi host to provide key nutrients suggesting that nutrient exchange is a two-way interaction. The AM fungi host relies on the plant host... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10433_chunk_0 | Civil procedure | Sanchez and a Mr. Smith would be "Sanchez v. Smith" if it were started by Sanchez, and "Smith v. Sanchez" if it were started by Mr. Smith (though the order of parties' names can change if the case is appealed).Most countries make a clear distinction between civil and criminal procedure. For example, a criminal court ma... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10434_chunk_0 | Civil procedure | If the plaintiff has shown that the defendant is liable, the main remedy in a civil court is the amount of money, or "damages", which the defendant should pay to the plaintiff. Alternative civil remedies include restitution or transfer of property, or an injunction to restrain or order certain actions. The standards of... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10435_chunk_0 | Analytic continuation | In most cases, if an analytic continuation of a complex function exists, it is given by an integral formula. The next theorem, provided its hypotheses are met, provides a sufficient condition under which we can continue an analytic function from its convergent points along the positive reals to arbitrary s ∈ C {\displa... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10436_chunk_0 | Rectifiable curve | In most cases, including even simple curves, there are no closed-form solutions for arc length and numerical integration is necessary. Numerical integration of the arc length integral is usually very efficient. For example, consider the problem of finding the length of a quarter of the unit circle by numerically integr... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10437_chunk_0 | Rectifiable curve | {\displaystyle y={\sqrt {1-x^{2}}}.} The interval x ∈ {\displaystyle x\in \left} corresponds to a quarter of the circle. Since d y / d x = − x / 1 − x 2 {\textstyle dy/dx=-x{\big /}{\sqrt {1-x^{2}}}} and 1 + ( d y / d x ) 2 = 1 / ( 1 − x 2 ) , {\displaystyle 1+(dy/dx)^{2}=1{\big /}\left(1-x^{2}\right),} the length of ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10438_chunk_0 | Lead poisoning | Lead testing kits are commercially available for detecting the presence of lead in the household. Testing kit accuracy depends on the user testing all layers of paint and the quality of the kit; the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) only approves kits with an accuracy rating of at least 95%. Professional lead te... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10439_chunk_0 | Lead poisoning | As hot water is more likely than cold water to contain higher amounts of lead, use only cold water from the tap for drinking, cooking, and making baby formula. Since most of the lead in household water usually comes from plumbing in the house and not from the local water supply, using cold water can avoid lead exposure... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10440_chunk_0 | Lead poisoning | Recommendations by health professionals for lowering childhood exposures include banning the use of lead where it is not essential and strengthening regulations that limit the amount of lead in soil, water, air, household dust, and products. Regulations exist to limit the amount of lead in paint; for example, a 1978 la... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10441_chunk_0 | Liver toxicity | In most cases, liver function will return to normal if the offending drug is stopped early. Additionally, the patient may require supportive treatment. In acetaminophen toxicity, however, the initial insult can be fatal. Fulminant hepatic failure from drug-induced hepatotoxicity may require liver transplantation. In th... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10442_chunk_0 | Secondary infection | When that happens, a pathogen that had been confined to a remote habitat has a wider distribution and possibly a new host organism. Parasites jumping from nonhuman to human hosts are known as zoonoses. Under disease invasion, when a parasite invades a new host species, it may become pathogenic in the new host.Several h... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10443_chunk_0 | Secondary infection | The construction of new villages and housing developments in rural areas force animals to live in dense populations, creating opportunities for microbes to mutate and emerge. Changes in agriculture. The introduction of new crops attracts new crop pests and the microbes they carry to farming communities, exposing people... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10444_chunk_0 | Dynamometer | Torque measurement is somewhat complicated since there are two machines in tandem - an inline torque transducer is the preferred method of torque measurement in this case. An eddy-current or waterbrake dynamometer, with electronic control combined with a variable frequency drive and AC induction motor, is a commonly us... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10445_chunk_0 | Ballistic Missile Submarine | In most cases, nuclear ballistic missile submarines generally resemble attack subs of the same generation, with extra length to accommodate SLBMs, such as the Russian R-29 (SS-N-23) or the NATO-fielded and American-manufactured Polaris, Poseidon, and Trident-II missiles. Some early models had to surface to launch their... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10446_chunk_0 | Recombinant DNA | In most cases, organisms containing recombinant DNA have apparently normal phenotypes. That is, their appearance, behavior and metabolism are usually unchanged, and the only way to demonstrate the presence of recombinant sequences is to examine the DNA itself, typically using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Sig... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10447_chunk_0 | Recombinant DNA | Gross phenotypic changes are not the norm, unless the recombinant gene has been chosen and modified so as to generate biological activity in the host organism. Additional phenotypes that are encountered include toxicity to the host organism induced by the recombinant gene product, especially if it is over-expressed or ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10448_chunk_0 | Recombinant DNA | One mechanism by which this happens is insertional inactivation, in which the rDNA becomes inserted into a host cell's gene. In some cases, researchers use this phenomenon to "knock out" genes to determine their biological function and importance. Another mechanism by which rDNA insertion into chromosomal DNA can affec... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10449_chunk_0 | Humerus fracture | In most cases, people are discharged from an emergency department with pain medicine and a cast or sling. These fractures are typically minor and heal over the course of a few weeks. Fractures of the proximal region, especially among elderly people, may limit future shoulder activity. Severe fractures are usually resol... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10450_chunk_0 | Ring chromosome 15 | In most cases, postnatal diagnosis is done and up to 2011, only four cases are reported via prenatal diagnosis. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia and intrauterine growth retardation (these two signs put the patients at the risk of afflicting with ring chromosome 15) by fetal ultrasound (Obstetric ultrasonography) at the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10451_chunk_0 | Conjugate gradient | The preconditioner matrix M has to be symmetric positive-definite and fixed, i.e., cannot change from iteration to iteration. If any of these assumptions on the preconditioner is violated, the behavior of the preconditioned conjugate gradient method may become unpredictable. An example of a commonly used preconditioner... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10452_chunk_0 | Stable vices | In most cases, reducing confinement and providing the animal a more natural setting reduces the incidence of stable vices. There are stopgap "cures" that can be provided in the stall to keep a horse busy or out of trouble, including increased exercise, feeding of larger quantities of lower-quality food (so the animal s... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10453_chunk_0 | Domain hack | Domain hacking is not limited to singular words. For example, helpmelearn.it uses the ccTLD for Italy to write out "help me learn it". While there is technically no restriction, these domain hacks tend to limit themselves to using only ccTLDs that are words in-and-of-itself, such as the aforementioned Italy as well as ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10454_chunk_0 | Fire-safe polymers | In most cases, results from a typical heating rate (e.g. 10°C/min for mechanical thermal degradation studies) do not differ significantly from those obtained at higher heating rates. The extent of reaction can, however, be influenced by the heating rate. For example, some reactions may not occur with a low heating rate... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10455_chunk_0 | Single-lens reflex camera | In most cases, single-lens reflex cameras cannot be made as small or as light as other camera designs—such as rangefinder cameras, autofocus compact cameras and digital cameras with electronic viewfinders (EVF)—owing to the mirror box and pentaprism/pentamirror. The mirror box also prevents lenses with deeply recessed ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10456_chunk_0 | Single-lens reflex camera | These pellicle mirrors reduce the amount of light travelling to the film plane or sensor and also can distort the light passing through them, resulting in a less-sharp image. To avoid the noise and vibration, many professional cameras offer a mirror lock-up feature, however, this feature totally disables the SLR's auto... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10457_chunk_0 | Sulfate-methane transition zone | In most cases, sulfate tends to linearly decrease depth, which mostly reflects the diffusion of sulfate downwards. This diffusion is the main source of sulfate to the SMTZ. The sharper decrease in the sulfate that occurs further down is the result of microorganisms using dissimilatory sulfate reduction, which consumes ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10458_chunk_0 | Federated learning | In most cases, the assumption of independent and identically distributed samples across local nodes does not hold for federated learning setups. Under this setting, the performances of the training process may vary significantly according to the unbalanced local data samples as well as the particular probability distri... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10459_chunk_0 | Federated learning | For example, images that depict a particular object can vary according to the weather condition in which they were captured. Concept shift (same features, different labels): local nodes may share the same features but some of them correspond to different labels at different local nodes. For example, in natural language... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10460_chunk_0 | Laryngeal paralysis | Usually these dogs are born with a normal larynx, but over time the nerves and muscles that control the laryngeal cartilages lose function.Laryngeal paralysis may also be congenital in some breeds (e.g. Bouvier des Flandres, Dalmatians, Siberian huskies, and bulldogs), appearing in dogs between two and six months of ag... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10461_chunk_0 | Nature Portfolio | Providers can also provide annotations on the linked articles. The move was designed to counter the trend of "dark sharing", while leveraging ReadCube to provide analytics. While considering it a compromise between fully restricted access, critics do not consider this to be a true open access scheme due to its restrict... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10462_chunk_0 | Mitral stenosis | In most cases, the diagnosis of mitral stenosis is most easily made by echocardiography, which shows left atrial enlargement, thick and calcified mitral valve with narrow and "fish-mouth"-shaped orifice and signs of right ventricular failure in advanced disease. It can also show decreased opening of the mitral valve le... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10463_chunk_0 | Flavor text | Some Magic: The Gathering cards' flavor text comes from public domain sources such as Shakespeare's plays and poetry.A unique spin on flavor text in a card game can be seen in the long-lived Star Wars Customizable Card Game. Many cards with flavor text also include special keywords (such as Spy, Hologram, or Bounty Hun... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10464_chunk_0 | Analog multiplier | In most cases, the functions performed by an analog multiplier may be performed better and at lower cost using digital signal processing techniques. At low frequencies, a digital solution is cheaper and more effective and allows the circuit function to be modified in firmware. As frequencies rise, the cost of implement... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10465_chunk_0 | Analog multiplier | Nowadays (with the exception of high-frequency measurements) the tendency is to increase the sampling rate of the ADC in order to digitize the input signal allowing RMS and a whole range of other functions to be carried out by a digital processor. However, blindly digitizing the signal as early in the signal path as po... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10466_chunk_0 | Aggregate (composite) | In most cases, the ideal finished piece would be 100% aggregate. A given application's most desirable quality (be it high strength, low cost, high dielectric constant, or low density) is usually most prominent in the aggregate itself; all the aggregate lacks is the ability to flow on a small scale, and form attachments... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10467_chunk_0 | Gouda cheese | Gouda cheese has a high moisture content. Gouda cheese has a variable fat content, typically ranging from 20% to 40%. The fat content contributes to the cheese's texture, and allows for the transportation and release of flavor-enhancing chemicals, increasing the cheese's overall flavor profile. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10468_chunk_0 | Brachial plexopathy | Obstetric injuries may occur from mechanical injury involving shoulder dystocia during difficult childbirth, the most common of which result from injurious stretching of the child's brachial plexus during birth, most often during vaginal birth, but occasionally Caesarean section. The excessive stretch results in incomp... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10469_chunk_0 | Brachial plexopathy | These types of injuries are most common in young adult males.Traumatic brachial plexus injuries may arise from several causes, including sports, high-velocity motor vehicle accidents, especially in motorcyclists, but also all-terrain-vehicle (ATV) and other accidents. Injury from a direct blow to the lateral side of th... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10470_chunk_0 | Neural scaling law | In most cases, the size of the model is simply the number of parameters. However, one complication arises with the use of sparse models, such as mixture-of-expert models. In sparse models, during every inference, only a fraction of the parameters are used. In comparison, most other kinds of neural networks, such as Tra... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10471_chunk_0 | Crescendo Communications | In most cases, the technology for the Catalyst Switch was developed separately from Cisco's router technology. The Catalyst switches originally ran software called CatOS rather than the more widely known Cisco IOS software used by routers. However, this has changed as the product lines have merged closer together. In s... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10472_chunk_0 | Free-electron laser | In most cases, the theory of classical electromagnetism adequately accounts for the behavior of free electron lasers. For sufficiently short wavelengths, quantum effects of electron recoil and shot noise may have to be considered. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10473_chunk_0 | Interactive whiteboards | This sequence allows the computer to align the touch surface with the display; however, it has the disadvantage of having tiny fiber-sized "dead spots" in the resistive touch surface where the light sensors are present. The "dead spots" are so small that touches in that area are still presented to the computer properly... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10474_chunk_0 | Interactive whiteboards | As the projector generates its calibration image (a process called "training"), it detects the change in light reflected from the black border and the white surface. In this manner it can uniquely compute all the linear matrix transform coefficients. Yet another system includes a camera built into the handheld pen, wit... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10475_chunk_0 | Sympathetic ink | In most cases, these substance changes color when mixed with an acid or base. Phenolphthalein, commonly used as a pH indicator, turns pink in the presence of a base such as ammonia fumes or sodium carbonate. Vinegar, is revealed by red cabbage water Archived 2009-01-24 at the Wayback Machine. Vinegar contains acetic ac... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10476_chunk_0 | Enhancer RNA | In most cases, unidirectional transcription of enhancer regions generates long (>4kb) and polyadenylated eRNAs. Enhancers that generate polyA+ eRNAs have a lower H3K4me1/me3 ratio in their chromatin signature than 2D-eRNAs. PolyA+ eRNAs are distinct from long multiexonic poly transcripts (meRNAs) that are generated by ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10477_chunk_0 | Transurethral resection of the prostate | In most cases, urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction resolve on their own within 6 to 12 months post-TURP. Therefore, many doctors will postpone invasive treatment until a year after the surgery. Urinary incontinence – most commonly stress incontinence – due to injury of the external sphincter system, may be pr... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10478_chunk_0 | Transurethral resection of the prostate | The current gold standard of management for persistent urinary incontinence after prostatectomy is the placement of an artificial urinary sphincter. Male slings are an alternative for mild to moderate post-prostatectomy incontinence. Retrograde ejaculation due to injury of the prostatic urethra. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10479_chunk_0 | Transurethral resection of the prostate | This is one of the most frequent complications of the procedure, occurring in about 65% of patients. Bladder neck stenosis. Erectile dysfunction may be seen in some patients, however, many have reported that erectile function improved after TURP.Additionally, transurethral resection of the prostate is associated with a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10480_chunk_0 | Vitreous china | The firing temperature chosen is important, as vitreous and ceramic bodies are less strong and more porous if under or over fired.Creep is the unwanted distortion a vitreous body undergoes during firing, and is influenced by the substance's rheological properties. Such properties depend on the particles in vitreous chi... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10481_chunk_0 | Social Data Analysis | In most cases, we want to find out the relationships between social data and another event or we want to get interesting results from social data analyses to predict some events. There are some outstanding articles in this field, including Twitter Mood Predicts The Stock Market, Predicting The Present With Google Trend... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10482_chunk_0 | Contact inhibition | In most cases, when two cells collide they attempt to move in a different direction to avoid future collisions; this behavior is known as contact inhibition of locomotion. As the two cells come into contact, their locomotive process is paralyzed. This is accomplished via a multistep, multi-faceted mechanism that involv... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10483_chunk_0 | Contact inhibition | Consequently, the cells' velocity and motility are reduced. This then allows actin stress fibers and microtubules to form and align with each other in both colliding partners. The alignment of these stress fibers locally accumulates elastic tension in the lamellae. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10484_chunk_0 | Contact inhibition | Eventually, the tension buildup becomes too great, and the cell adhesion complex dissociates, collapses the lamellae protrusions, and releases the cells in different directions in an effort to alleviate the elastic tension. A possible alternate event that also leads to the assembly dissociation is that upon stress fibe... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10485_chunk_0 | Contact inhibition | Elastic tension has been thought to be the primary driving force of the protrusion collapse, complex disassembly, and the cells' dispersion. Though this hypothetical tension has been characterized and visualized, how tension builds in lamellae and how cell repolarization contributes to tension buildup remain open to in... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10486_chunk_0 | Compact object (category theory) | In most categories, the condition of being compact is quite strong, so that most objects are not compact. A category C {\displaystyle C} is compactly generated if any object can be expressed as a filtered colimit of compact objects in C {\displaystyle C} . For example, any vector space V is the filtered colimit of its ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10487_chunk_0 | Endoplasmic reticulum lumen | It also carries out the metabolism of carbohydrates, detoxification of natural metabolism products and of alcohol and drugs, attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins, and steroid metabolism. In muscle cells, it regulates calcium ion concentration. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is found in a variety of cell type... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10488_chunk_0 | Endoplasmic reticulum lumen | The smooth endoplasmic reticulum also contains the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase, which converts glucose-6-phosphate to glucose, a step in gluconeogenesis. It is connected to the nuclear envelope and consists of tubules that are located near the cell periphery. These tubes sometimes branch forming a network that is reti... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10489_chunk_0 | Primary cell wall | In most cells, the cell wall is flexible, meaning that it will bend rather than holding a fixed shape, but has considerable tensile strength. The apparent rigidity of primary plant tissues is enabled by cell walls, but is not due to the walls' stiffness. Hydraulic turgor pressure creates this rigidity, along with the w... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10490_chunk_0 | Primary cell wall | As John Howland explains Think of the cell wall as a wicker basket in which a balloon has been inflated so that it exerts pressure from the inside. Such a basket is very rigid and resistant to mechanical damage. Thus does the prokaryote cell (and eukaryotic cell that possesses a cell wall) gain strength from a flexible... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10491_chunk_0 | Primary cell wall | The apparent rigidity of the cell wall thus results from inflation of the cell contained within. This inflation is a result of the passive uptake of water. In plants, a secondary cell wall is a thicker additional layer of cellulose which increases wall rigidity. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10492_chunk_0 | Primary cell wall | Additional layers may be formed by lignin in xylem cell walls, or suberin in cork cell walls. These compounds are rigid and waterproof, making the secondary wall stiff. Both wood and bark cells of trees have secondary walls. Other parts of plants such as the leaf stalk may acquire similar reinforcement to resist the st... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10493_chunk_0 | Oral cancer | In most centres, removal of squamous cell carcinoma from the oral cavity and neck is achieved primarily through surgery. This also allows a detailed examination of the tissue for histopathologic characteristics, such as depth, and spread to lymph nodes that might require radiation or chemotherapy. For small lesions (T1... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10494_chunk_0 | Reindeer husbandry | In most cervid species, only males grow antlers; the reindeer is the only cervid species in which females also grow them normally. Androgens play an essential role in the antler formation of cervids. The antlerogenic genes in reindeer have more sensitivity to androgens in comparison with other cervids.There is consider... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10495_chunk_0 | Reindeer husbandry | The young males engage in fights with their antlers towards autumn...soon after the velvet had fallen off they will be red, as they start to get bleached their colour changes...When the velvet starts to fall off the antler is red because the antler is made from blood. The antler is the blood that has hardened; in fact,... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10496_chunk_0 | Reindeer husbandry | A complex set of terms describes each part of the antler and relates it to its various uses". Currently, the larger racks of antlers are used by Inuit as materials for carving. Iqaluit-based Jackoposie Oopakak's 1989 carving, entitled Nunali, which means "place where people live", and which is part of the permanent col... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10497_chunk_0 | Night terrors | Another option could be to adapt child's naps so that they are not too long or too short. Then, excessive stress or conflicts in a child's life could also have an impact on their sleep too, so to have some strategies to cope with stress combined with psychotherapy could decrease the frequency of the episodes. A polysom... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10498_chunk_0 | Demand curve | If income were to change, for example, the effect of the change would be represented by a change in the value of "a" and be reflected graphically as a shift of the demand curve. The constant b is the slope of the demand curve and shows how the price of the good affects the quantity demanded.The graph of the demand curv... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10499_chunk_0 | Meteor crater | In most circumstances, the transient cavity is not stable and collapses under gravity. In small craters, less than about 4 km diameter on Earth, there is some limited collapse of the crater rim coupled with debris sliding down the crater walls and drainage of impact melts into the deeper cavity. The resultant structure... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
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