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wiki_10500_chunk_0 | Meteor crater | Above a certain threshold size, which varies with planetary gravity, the collapse and modification of the transient cavity is much more extensive, and the resulting structure is called a complex crater. The collapse of the transient cavity is driven by gravity, and involves both the uplift of the central region and the... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10501_chunk_0 | Reverse thrust | In most cockpit setups, reverse thrust is set when the thrust levers are on idle by pulling them farther back. Reverse thrust is typically applied immediately after touchdown, often along with spoilers, to improve deceleration early in the landing roll when residual aerodynamic lift and high speed limit the effectivene... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10502_chunk_0 | Reverse thrust | If circumstances require it, reverse thrust can be used all the way to a stop, or even to provide thrust to push the aircraft backward, though aircraft tugs or towbars are more commonly used for that purpose. When reverse thrust is used to push an aircraft back from the gate, the maneuver is called a powerback. Some ma... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10503_chunk_0 | Pointer (computing WIMP) | In most command-line interfaces or text editors, the text cursor, also known as a caret, is an underscore, a solid rectangle, or a vertical line, which may be flashing or steady, indicating where text will be placed when entered (the insertion point). In text mode displays, it was not possible to show a vertical bar be... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10504_chunk_0 | PID Controller | In most commercial control systems, derivative action is based on process variable rather than error. That is, a change in the setpoint does not affect the derivative action. This is because the digitized version of the algorithm produces a large unwanted spike when the setpoint is changed. If the setpoint is constant ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10505_chunk_0 | Malice aforethought | Intent to kill or to inflict serious bodily injury would be considered express. This does not mean that the accused made a plan far in advance, but it could even be in the moment of the crime. If the person did the action knowing it would hurt or kill the other person, there was express malice involved, which is a form... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10506_chunk_0 | Wrongful death | It may be possible for a family to seek retribution against someone who kills or is accused of killing a family member through tort rather than a criminal prosecution, which has a higher burden of proof. However, the two actions are not mutually exclusive; a person may be prosecuted criminally for causing a person's de... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10507_chunk_0 | Molar pregnancy | In most complete moles, all nuclear genes are inherited from the father only (androgenesis). In approximately 80% of these androgenetic moles, the most probable mechanism is that an egg with an empty nucleus or no nucleus is fertilized by a single sperm, followed by a duplication of all chromosomes/genes (a process cal... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10508_chunk_0 | Molar pregnancy | In all these cases, the mitochondrial genes are inherited from the mother, as usual. Most partial moles are triploid (three chromosome sets). The nucleus contains one maternal set of genes and two paternal sets. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10509_chunk_0 | Molar pregnancy | The mechanism is usually the reduplication of the paternal haploid set from a single sperm, but may also be the consequence of dispermic (two sperm) fertilization of the egg.In rare cases, hydatidiform moles are tetraploid (four chromosome sets) or have other chromosome abnormalities. A small percentage of hydatidiform... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10510_chunk_0 | Transition metal phosphido complexes | In most complexes with terminal phosphido ligands, phosphorus is pyramidal, as expected with a stereochemically active lone pair of electrons. The M-P bond length in the pyramidal phosphide complex is longer than the M-P bond length in corresponding transition metal phosphine complexes. The pyramidal phosphido complex.... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10511_chunk_0 | Transition metal phosphido complexes | The elongated Os-PHPh bond is often attributed to the electronic repulsion of the lone pair and nonbonding electrons on Os. Also, in another ruthenium complex, the Ru-P(Me)Ph bond is 0.17 Å longer than Ru-PH(Me)Ph in the related phosphine ligand version of the complex, +. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10512_chunk_0 | Transition metal phosphido complexes | Additionally electronic repulsion of the P-centered lone pair and metal-based electrons enhance the nucleophilicity of the phosphide ligand. This high basicity and high nucleophilicity leads to the dimerization reaction. The inversion of configuration at pyramidal terminal phosphides has been observed by 31P NMR spectr... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10513_chunk_0 | Wd (command) | The environment variable PWD (in Unix/Linux shells), or the pseudo-environment variables CD (in Windows COMMAND.COM and cmd.exe, but not in OS/2 and DOS), or _CWD, _CWDS, _CWP and _CWPS (under 4DOS, 4OS2, 4NT etc.) can be used in scripts, so that one need not start an external program. Microsoft Windows file shortcuts ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10514_chunk_0 | Wd (command) | This can be used to create a temporary batchjob storing the working directory in an environment variable like CD for later use, for example: ECHOS SET CD=> SETCD.BAT CHDIR >> SETCD.BAT CALL SETCD.BAT DEL SETCD.BAT Alternatively, under Multiuser DOS and DR-DOS 7.02 and higher, various internal and external commands supp... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10515_chunk_0 | Wd (command) | in C:\DOS> or C:\DOS\DRDOS>, a PROMPT $N:$W$G would instead yield C:DOS> and C:DRDOS>, respectively. A similar facility (using $W and $w) was added to 4DOS as well.Under DOS, the absolute paths of the working directories of all logical volumes are internally stored in an array-like data structure called the Current Dir... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10516_chunk_0 | Physics engine | In most computer games, speed of the processors and gameplay are more important than accuracy of simulation. This leads to designs for physics engines that produce results in real-time but that replicate real world physics only for simple cases and typically with some approximation. More often than not, the simulation ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10517_chunk_0 | Physics engine | This requires more accurate physics so that, for example, the momentum of an object can knock over an obstacle or lift a sinking object. Physically-based character animation in the past only used rigid body dynamics because they are faster and easier to calculate, but modern games and movies are starting to use soft bo... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10518_chunk_0 | Do while loop | In most computer programming languages a do while loop is a control flow statement that executes a block of code and then either repeats the block or exits the loop depending on a given boolean condition. The do while construct consists of a process symbol and a condition. First the code within the block is executed. T... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10519_chunk_0 | While loop | In most computer programming languages, a while loop is a control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly based on a given Boolean condition. The while loop can be thought of as a repeating if statement. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10520_chunk_0 | Inferential programming | In most computer programming, a programmer keeps a program's intended results in mind and painstakingly constructs a program to achieve those results. Inferential programming refers to (still mostly hypothetical) techniques and technologies enabling the inverse. This would allow describing an intended result to a compu... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10521_chunk_0 | Inferential programming | During the 1980s, approaches to achieve inferential programming mostly involved techniques for logical inference. Today the term is sometimes used in connection with evolutionary computation techniques that enable a computer to evolve a solution in response to a problem posed as a fitness or reward function. In July 20... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10522_chunk_0 | Computer systems | While it is possible to write computer programs as long lists of numbers (machine language) and while this technique was used with many early computers, it is extremely tedious and potentially error-prone to do so in practice, especially for complicated programs. Instead, each basic instruction can be given a short nam... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10523_chunk_0 | Royal prerogative | In most constitutional monarchies, prerogatives can be abolished by Parliament as the courts apply the constitutional near-absolute of the supremacy of Parliament. In the Commonwealth realms, this draws on the constitutional statutes at the time of the Glorious Revolution, when William III and Mary II were invited to t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10524_chunk_0 | Energy audit | In most corporate settings, upgrades to a facility's energy infrastructure must compete for capital funding with non-energy-related investments. Both energy and non-energy investments are rated on a single set of financial criteria that generally stress the expected return on investment (ROI). The projected operating s... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10525_chunk_0 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy | In most countries and neurosurgical centres, the ETV procedure is part of the basic neurosurgery training program. For the sake of teaching and practicing, various simulation models have been developed. Virtual reality simulators, and synthetic simulators. This allows neurosurgical trainees to practice skills in a low-... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10526_chunk_0 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy | Educators can select either a virtual reality simulator or a physical model for the training of residents, the selection should be based on educational objectives. Where training focused on anatomy and using anatomical landmarks for decision making may better be aided with virtual reality model, the focus on familiariz... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10527_chunk_0 | Octane rating | In most countries in Europe and also Australia and New Zealand, the "headline" octane rating shown on the pump is the RON, but in Canada, the United States, and Mexico, the headline number is the simple mean or average of the RON and the MON, called the Anti-Knock Index (AKI), and often written on pumps as (R+M)/2. AKI... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10528_chunk_0 | Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS | In most countries of Western Europe, AIDS cases have fallen to levels not seen since the original outbreak; many attribute this trend to aggressive educational campaigns, screening of blood transfusions and increased use of condoms. Also, the death rate from AIDS in Western Europe has fallen sharply, as new AIDS therap... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10529_chunk_0 | Crossplay (cosplay) | In most countries that play host to hobbyists who would call themselves cosplayers, female-to-male crossplayers (females costumed as male characters, sometimes abbreviated "FtM") are far more common, due to a variety of social and cultural factors.Many (or even most) females will crossplay for the same reasons that the... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10530_chunk_0 | Horse slaughter | Saleable meat is removed from the carcass, with the remains rendered for other commercial uses. According to equine-welfare advocates, the physiology of the equine cranium is such that neither the penetrating captive bolt gun nor gunshots are reliable means of killing (or stunning) a horse; the animal may be only paral... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10531_chunk_0 | Electrical engineering | Obsolescence of technical skills is a serious concern for electrical engineers. Membership and participation in technical societies, regular reviews of periodicals in the field and a habit of continued learning are therefore essential to maintaining proficiency. An MIET(Member of the Institution of Engineering and Tech... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10532_chunk_0 | Marketing authorisation | Marketing authorisation may be withdrawn, suspended, revoked or varied by regulatory authorities if under normal conditions of use the benefit over risk ratio is no more favourable, the product is harmful, or if it lacks therapeutic efficacy; also, one of the above actions can be taken if the qualitative and quantitati... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10533_chunk_0 | Volatile Organic Compounds | In most countries, a separate definition of VOCs is used with regard to indoor air quality that comprises each organic chemical compound that can be measured as follows: adsorption from air on Tenax TA, thermal desorption, gas chromatographic separation over a 100% nonpolar column (dimethylpolysiloxane). VOC (volatile ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10534_chunk_0 | Paraveterinary worker | In most countries, a veterinary assistant is a person with fewer or no formal animal health qualifications, who has no autonomous practice, but who is designated to assist other professionals. Training programs are often workplace-based, and no formal licence or certification is required to perform the role. In the US,... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10535_chunk_0 | Palliative radiation | As a consequence caregivers may find themselves under severe emotional and physical strain. Opportunities for caregiver respite are some of the services hospices provide to promote caregiver well-being. Respite may last a few hours up to several days (the latter being done by placing the primary person being cared for ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10536_chunk_0 | Gastric intrinsic factor | In most countries, intramuscular injections of vitamin B12 are used to treat pernicious anemia. Orally administered vitamin B12 is absorbed without intrinsic factor, but at levels of less than one percent than if intrinsic factor is present. Despite the low amounts absorbed, oral vitamin B12 therapy is effective at red... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10537_chunk_0 | Powered paraglider | In most countries, paramotor pilots operate under simple rules that spare them certification requirements for pilot and gear. Those laws, however, limit where they can fly—specifying that pilots avoid areas of urban/suburban population and larger airports to minimize risk to other people or aircraft. U.S. pilots operat... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10538_chunk_0 | Legal services | In most countries, particularly civil law countries, a tradition has existed of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners. These countries do not have "lawyers" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10539_chunk_0 | Microchip implant (animal) | In the United States, distribution of this type has been controversial. When 24PetWatch.com began distributing them in 2003 (and more famously Banfield Pet Hospitals in 2004) many shelter scanners couldn't read them. At least one Banfield-chipped pet was inadvertently euthanized. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10540_chunk_0 | Microchip implant (animal) | The Trovan Unique type is another pet chip protocol type in use since 1990 in pets in the United States. Patent problems forced the withdrawal of Trovan's implanter device from United States distribution and they became uncommon in pets in the United States, although Trovan's original registry database "infopet.biz" re... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10541_chunk_0 | Microchip implant (animal) | These chips are read by the Trovan, HomeAgain (Destron Fearing), Bayer (Black Label), and Avid (MiniTracker 3) readers. A third type, sometimes known as FECAVA or Destron, is available under various brand names. These include, in the United States, "Avid Eurochip", the common current 24PetWatch chips, and the original ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10542_chunk_0 | Disaster risk reduction | In most countries, risk management is decentralized to local governments. In urban areas, the most widely used tool is the local development plan (municipal, comprehensive or general plan), followed by emergency and risk reduction plans that local governments are required to adopt by law and are updated every 4–5 years... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10543_chunk_0 | Disaster risk reduction | In many contexts, especially South of the Sahara, this process clashes with the lack of funds or mechanisms for transferring resources from the central to the local budget. Too often plans do not integrate local, scientific and technical knowledge. Finally, they entrust the implementation of policies to individual inha... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10544_chunk_0 | Fetal biparietal diameter | Usually scans for this type of detection are done around 18 to 23 weeks of gestational age (called the "anatomy scan", "anomaly scan," or "level 2 ultrasound"). Some resources indicate that there are clear reasons for this and that such scans are also clearly beneficial because ultrasound enables clear clinical advanta... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10545_chunk_0 | D'Hondt method | In most countries, seats for the national assembly are divided on a regional or even a provincial level. This means that seats are first divided between individual regions (or provinces) and are then allocated to the parties in each region separately (based on only the votes cast in the given region). The votes for par... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10546_chunk_0 | Filling station | Newer "high mileage" tires use more silica and can increase the buildup of static. A driver who does not discharge static by contacting a conductive part of the car will carry it to the insulated handle of the nozzle and the static potential will eventually be discharged when this purposely-grounded arrangement is put ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10547_chunk_0 | Filling station | Nevertheless, mobile phone manufacturers and gas stations ask users to switch off their phones. One suggested origin of this myth is said to have been started by gas station companies because the cell phone signal would interfere with the fuel counter on some older model fuel pumps causing it to give a lower reading. I... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10548_chunk_0 | Calculator | In most countries, students use calculators for schoolwork. There was some initial resistance to the idea out of fear that basic or elementary arithmetic skills would suffer. There remains disagreement about the importance of the ability to perform calculations in the head, with some curricula restricting calculator us... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10549_chunk_0 | Calculator | Others have argued that calculator use can even cause core mathematical skills to atrophy, or that such use can prevent understanding of advanced algebraic concepts. In December 2011 the UK's Minister of State for Schools, Nick Gibb, voiced concern that children can become "too dependent" on the use of calculators. As ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10550_chunk_0 | Aviation call signs | In days gone by, even American aircraft used five letter call signs, such as KH–ABC, but they were replaced prior to World War II by the current American system of civilian aircraft call signs (see below).The dash ("-") in the registration is only included on the fuselage of the airplane for readability. In air traffic... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10551_chunk_0 | Postgraduate education | can last up to two years to satisfy the requirement to become a knowledgeable business leader.Doctorates. These are often further divided into academic and professional doctorates. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10552_chunk_0 | Postgraduate education | An academic doctorate can be awarded as a Doctor of Philosophy degree (from Latin Doctor philosophiae; Ph.D. or D.Phil. ), a Doctor of Psychology degree (from Latin Doctor psychologia; Psy.D. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10553_chunk_0 | Instrument mechanic | In most countries, the job of an instrument mechanic is a regulated trade for safety reasons due to the many hazards of working with electricity, as well as the dangers posed by incorrectly installed or calibrated instrumentation. The training requires testing, registration, or licensing. Licensing of instrument mechan... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10554_chunk_0 | Land-use planning | In most countries, the local municipal council/local government, the body responsible of the environment and oftentimes the national government assume all the functions of land use planning; among them the corresponding function to territorial ordering (OT). For this reason, the highlighted bodies have among other resp... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10555_chunk_0 | Track geometry | In most countries, the measurement of curvature of curved track is expressed in radius. The shorter the radius, the sharper the curve is. For sharper curves, the speed limits are lower to prevent an outward horizontal centrifugal force to overturn the trains by directing its weight toward the outside rail. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10556_chunk_0 | Track geometry | Cant may be used to allow higher speeds over the same curve. In the United States, the measurement of curvature is expressed in degree of curvature. This is done by having a chord of 100 feet (30.48 m) connecting to two points on an arc of the reference rail, then drawing radii from the center to each of the chord end ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10557_chunk_0 | Track geometry | The angle between the radii lines is the degree of curvature. The degree of curvature is inverse of radius. The larger the degree of curvature, the sharper the curve is. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10558_chunk_0 | Track geometry | Expressing the curve in this way allows surveyors to use estimation and simpler tools in curve measurement. This can be done by using a 62-foot (18.90 m) string line to be a chord to connect the arc at the gage side of the reference rail. Then at the midpoint of the string line (at the 31st foot), a measurement is take... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10559_chunk_0 | Alphabetic order | Capturing this rule in a computer collation algorithm is complex, and simple attempts will fail. For example, unless the algorithm has at its disposal an extensive list of family names, there is no way to decide if "Gillian Lucille van der Waal" is "van der Waal, Gillian Lucille", "Waal, Gillian Lucille van der", or ev... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10560_chunk_0 | Folding clothes | In most cultures, gender differentiation of clothing is considered appropriate. The differences are in styles, colors, fabrics, and types. In contemporary Western societies, skirts, dresses, and high-heeled shoes are usually seen as women's clothing, while neckties usually are seen as men's clothing. Trousers were once... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10561_chunk_0 | Folding clothes | Men's clothes are often more practical (that is, they can function well under a wide variety of situations), but a wider range of clothing styles is available for women. Typically, men are allowed to bare their chests in a greater variety of public places. It is generally common for a woman to wear clothing perceived a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10562_chunk_0 | Direct TPMS | In most current designs of direct TPMS, a small electronic assembly which is rugged enough to be mounted inside a tire, measures the pressure using a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensor and then transmits this and other information to one or more vehicle receivers. Other information can include a seria... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10563_chunk_0 | 3D Secure | In most current implementations of 3-D Secure, the card issuer or its ACS provider prompts the buyer for a password that is known only to the card issuer or ACS provider and the buyer. Since the merchant does not know this password and is not responsible for capturing it, it can be used by the card issuer as evidence t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10564_chunk_0 | Aircraft flight control system | In most current systems the power is provided to the control actuators by high-pressure hydraulic systems. In fly-by-wire systems the valves, which control these systems, are activated by electrical signals. In power-by-wire systems, electrical actuators are used in favour of hydraulic pistons. The power is carried to ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10565_chunk_0 | Aircraft flight control system | These are lighter than hydraulic pipes, easier to install and maintain, and more reliable. Elements of the F-35 flight control system are power-by-wire. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10566_chunk_0 | Aircraft flight control system | The actuators in such an electro-hydrostatic actuation (EHA) system are self-contained hydraulic devices, small closed-circuit hydraulic systems. The overall aim is towards more- or all-electric aircraft and an early example of the approach was the Avro Vulcan. Serious consideration was given to using the approach on t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10567_chunk_0 | Clothes washer | In most current top-loading washers, if the motor spins in one direction, the gearbox drives the agitator; if the motor spins the other way, the gearbox locks the agitator and spins the basket and agitator together. Similarly, if the pump motor rotates one way it recirculates the sudsy water; in the other direction it ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10568_chunk_0 | Hexadecimal numeral system | In most current use cases, the letters A–F or a–f represent the values 10–15, while the numerals 0–9 are used to represent their decimal values. There is no universal convention to use lowercase or uppercase, so each is prevalent or preferred in particular environments by community standards or convention; even mixed c... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10569_chunk_0 | Dark room | In most darkrooms, an enlarger, an optical apparatus similar to a slide projector, that projects light through the image of a negative onto a base, finely controls the focus, intensity and duration of light, is used for printmaking. A sheet of photographic paper is exposed to the light coming through the negative, resu... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10570_chunk_0 | Dark room | Color print paper, being sensitive to all parts of the visible spectrum, must be kept in complete darkness until the prints are properly fixed. A very dim variation of safelight that can be used with certain negative color materials exists, but the light emitted by one is so low that most printers do not use one at all... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10571_chunk_0 | Deck-building game | When the player runs out of cards to draw, they shuffle their discard pile (which usually includes newly-gained cards) to create a new deck to draw from. Apart from this, however, games may vary; for instance, some are competitive, while others are co-operative.As players do not build their decks before playing, they c... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10572_chunk_0 | Paxos (computer science) | In most deployments of Paxos, each participating process acts in three roles; Proposer, Acceptor and Learner. This reduces the message complexity significantly, without sacrificing correctness: In Paxos, clients send commands to a leader. During normal operation, the leader receives a client's command, assigns it a new... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10573_chunk_0 | Motorola 56000 | In most designs the 56000 is dedicated to one single task, because digital signal processing using special hardware is mostly real-time and does not allow any interruption. For less demanding tasks which are not time-critical, designers normally use a separate CPU or MCU. The 56000 can execute a 1024-point complex Fast... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10574_chunk_0 | Motorola 56000 | To this end the 56800 series added a complete MCU which created a single-chip "DSPcontroller" solution, while the opposite occurred in the 68456, a 68000 with a 56000 on it. A still quite prevalent model of the 56000 is the third generation 56300 family, starting with the 56301, which features several models with speci... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10575_chunk_0 | Asbestos containing materials | Anytime one of these asbestos contractors performs work a test consultant has to conduct strict testing to ensure the asbestos is completely removed. Asbestos can be destroyed by ultra-high-temperature incineration and plasma melting process. A process of thermal decomposition at 1,000–1,250 °C (1,800–2,300 °F) produce... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10576_chunk_0 | Solid waste management | Waste is collected by the city council only if it is put in government issued rubbish bags. This policy has successfully reduced the amount of waste the city produces and increased the recycling rate.Another example from a country that enforces a waste tax is Italy. Instead of using government issued bags like Taipei, ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10577_chunk_0 | Goal-based investing | The first step is the identification of a safe “goal-hedging portfolio” (GHP), which effectively and reliably secures an investor’s essential goal, regardless of assumptions on parameter values such as risk premia on risky assets. In other words, the GHP should secure the purchasing power of retirement savings in terms... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10578_chunk_0 | Goal-based investing | On the other hand, an essential goal is an affordable level of income that the investor would like to secure with the highest confidence level. In most cases, current savings are insufficient to finance the target income level that allow the desired standard of living to be financed, so the investor needs to have acces... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10579_chunk_0 | Goal-based investing | This form of strategy is reminiscent of the dynamic core-satellite investment approach of Amenc, Malaise, and Martellini (2004), with the GHP as the core and the PSP as the satellite. It allows the tracking error with respect to the replacement income portfolio to be managed in a non-symmetric way, by capturing part of... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10580_chunk_0 | Special needs education | In most developed countries, schools use different approaches to providing special education services to students. These approaches can be broadly grouped into four categories, according to how much contact the student with special needs has with non-disabled students (using North American terminology): Inclusion: In t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10581_chunk_0 | Disability insurance | In other words, they are the safety net that catches everyone who was otherwise (a) uninsured or (b) underinsured. As such, they are large programs with many beneficiaries. The general theory of the benefit formula is that the benefit is enough to prevent abject poverty. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10582_chunk_0 | Dewetting | The droplet size and droplet spacing may vary over several orders of magnitude, since the dewetting starts from randomly formed holes in the film. There is no spatial correlation between the dry patches that develop. These dry patches grow and the material is accumulated in the rim surrounding the growing hole. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10583_chunk_0 | Scheme programming language | In most dialects of Lisp including Common Lisp, by convention the value NIL evaluates to the value false in a boolean expression. In Scheme, since the IEEE standard in 1991, all values except #f, including NIL's equivalent in Scheme which is written as '(), evaluate to the value true in a boolean expression. (R5RS sec.... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10584_chunk_0 | Digital photo | Some function as webcams, some use the PictBridge standard to connect to printers without using a computer, and some can display pictures directly on a television set. Similarly, many camcorders can take still photographs and store them on videotape or flash memory cards with the same functionality as digital cameras. ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10585_chunk_0 | Digital camera modes | In most digital cameras, by default autofocus is only activated (AF-on) when the shutter button is pressed halfway down, which helps to preserve battery life. However, some photographers find that having AF-on and the shutter release on the same button makes it harder to establish the correct focus point, or hold it on... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10586_chunk_0 | Comprehensive examination | In most doctoral programs, students must take a series of written cumulative examinations on the subject of their study in the first year or two of the PhD program. These cumulative exams are often given on a pass/fail basis and a graduate student who seeks to continue in the PhD program must pass a minimum number of t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10587_chunk_0 | White matter lesion | In most elderly people, presence of severe WMH and medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) was linked with an increase in frequency of mild cognitive deficits. Studies suggest that a combination of MTA and severe WMH showed more than a fourfold increase in the frequency of mild cognitive deficits. Severe WMH is consistently... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10588_chunk_0 | Demand-side technology | In economic terms, consumers' usage of electricity is inelastic in short time frames since the consumers do not face the actual price of production; if consumers were to face the short run costs of production they would be more inclined to change their use of electricity in reaction to those price signals. A pure econo... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10589_chunk_0 | Demand-side technology | In a similar manner, the department store cost of sales at 9.00 am might therefore be 5-10 times that of its cost of sales at 3.00 pm, but it would be far-fetched to claim that the customer, by not paying significantly more for the article at 9.00 am than at 3.00 pm, had a 'call option' on the $10 article. In virtually... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10590_chunk_0 | Demand-side technology | An approximately 10% reduction in peak demand (achievable depending on the elasticity of demand) would result in systems savings of between $8 and $28 billion. In a discussion paper, Ahmad Faruqui, a principal with the Brattle Group, estimates that a 5 percent reduction in US peak electricity demand could produce appro... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10591_chunk_0 | River chemistry | In most environmental situations the presence or absence of an organism is determined by a complex web of interactions only some of which will be related to measurable chemical or biological parameters. Flow rate, turbulence, inter and intra specific competition, feeding behaviour, disease, parasitism, commensalism and... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10592_chunk_0 | River chemistry | However, there are some cases where a chemical constituent exerts a toxic effect. i.e. where the concentration can kill or severely inhibit the normal functioning of the organism. Where a toxic effect has been demonstrated this may be noted in the sections below dealing with the individual parameters. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10593_chunk_0 | Chromosomal crossover | In most eukaryotes, a cell carries two versions of each gene, each referred to as an allele. Each parent passes on one allele to each offspring. An individual gamete inherits a complete haploid complement of alleles on chromosomes that are independently selected from each pair of chromatids lined up on the metaphase pl... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10594_chunk_0 | Chromosomal crossover | Meiotic recombination allows a more independent segregation between the two alleles that occupy the positions of single genes, as recombination shuffles the allele content between homologous chromosomes. Recombination results in a new arrangement of maternal and paternal alleles on the same chromosome. Although the sam... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10595_chunk_0 | Chromosomal crossover | This leads to the notion of "genetic distance", which is a measure of recombination frequency averaged over a (suitably large) sample of pedigrees. Loosely speaking, one may say that this is because recombination is greatly influenced by the proximity of one gene to another. If two genes are located close together on a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10596_chunk_0 | Chromosomal crossover | Genetic linkage describes the tendency of genes to be inherited together as a result of their location on the same chromosome. Linkage disequilibrium describes a situation in which some combinations of genes or genetic markers occur more or less frequently in a population than would be expected from their distances apa... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10597_chunk_0 | Golgi membrane | In most eukaryotes, the Golgi apparatus is made up of a series of compartments and is a collection of fused, flattened membrane-enclosed disks known as cisternae (singular: cisterna, also called "dictyosomes"), originating from vesicular clusters that bud off the endoplasmic reticulum. A mammalian cell typically contai... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10598_chunk_0 | Golgi membrane | The CGN is the first cisternal structure, and the TGN is the final, from which proteins are packaged into vesicles destined to lysosomes, secretory vesicles, or the cell surface. The TGN is usually positioned adjacent to the stack, but can also be separate from it. The TGN may act as an early endosome in yeast and plan... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
wiki_10599_chunk_0 | Golgi membrane | In all eukaryotes, each cisternal stack has a cis entry face and a trans exit face. These faces are characterized by unique morphology and biochemistry. Within individual stacks are assortments of enzymes responsible for selectively modifying protein cargo. These modifications influence the fate of the protein. The com... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
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