id stringlengths 14 20 | title stringlengths 4 131 | text stringlengths 52 43k | source stringclasses 1
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wiki_13920_chunk_7 | Memetic algorithm | 2nd generation
Multi-meme, hyper-heuristic and meta-Lamarckian MA are referred to as second generation MA exhibiting the principles of memetic transmission and selection in their design. In Multi-meme MA, the memetic material is encoded as part of the genotype. Subsequently, the decoded meme of each respective individu... | wikipedia |
wiki_5776_chunk_1 | The Shiva Option | Plot summary
The Grand Alliance of Terrans, Orions, Gorm and Ophiuchi has suffered a catastrophic defeat at the hands of the Bugs during the Pesthouse Campaign. Many senior military commanders have been lost, along with the bulk of the Terran Federation pre-war fleet. The Bugs appear unstoppable and fight their way tow... | wikipedia |
wiki_6197_chunk_6 | Human behaviour genetics | Recent trends in behavioural genetics have indicated an additional focus toward researching the inheritance of human characteristics typically studied in developmental psychology. For instance, a major focus in developmental psychology has been to characterize the influence of parenting styles on children. However, in ... | wikipedia |
wiki_34182_chunk_1 | NATO Science, Technology and Research Network | Introduction
The vast and rapidly growing amount of scientific and technical data and information concerning the diffusion of technology and innovation has increased pressure on organizations to push forward with their own technological developments and to take steps to maximize their inclusion into the research and de... | wikipedia |
wiki_38990_chunk_0 | Cybernetical physics | Cybernetical physics is a scientific area on the border of cybernetics and physics which studies physical systems with cybernetical methods. Cybernetical methods are understood as methods developed within control theory, information theory, systems theory and related areas: control design, estimation, identification, ... | wikipedia |
wiki_7827_chunk_2 | Pugs (programming) | Version numbering
The major/minor version numbers of Pugs converges to 2π (being reminiscent of TeX and METAFONT, which use a similar scheme); each significant digit in the minor version represents a successfully completed milestone. The third digit is incremented for each release. The current milestones are:
6.0: Ini... | wikipedia |
wiki_10349_chunk_1 | Bootstrapping (compilers) | Many compilers for many programming languages are bootstrapped, including compilers for BASIC, ALGOL, C, C#, D, Pascal, PL/I, Factor, Haskell, Modula-2, Oberon, OCaml, Common Lisp, Scheme, Go, Java, Elixir, Rust, Python, Scala, Nim, Eiffel, Vala, and more. | wikipedia |
wiki_9255_chunk_2 | Ease (programming language) | creates n synchronized processes each with a local constant i. Processes cannot share local variables and cooperate in the construction of shared contexts. Certain context types, called resources, ensure call-reply semantics. There are four functions upon contexts: – copies a value from the shared context to the variab... | wikipedia |
wiki_34034_chunk_8 | Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing | Cologne Graduate School of Ageing Research
The Cologne Graduate School of Ageing Research was established in 2013 as a joint venture of the Graduate School of the Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD Graduate School) and the International Max Planck Research School for Ageing (IMPRS AGE). Asso... | wikipedia |
wiki_27978_chunk_1 | Fractal in soil mechanics | The fractal approach to soil mechanics is a new line of thought. It was first raised in "Fractal Character Of Grain-Size Distribution Of Expansion Soils" by Yongfu Xu and Songyu Liu, published in 1999, by Fractals. There are several problems in soil mechanics which can be dealt by applying a fractal approach. One of th... | wikipedia |
wiki_14856_chunk_1 | Proofs from THE BOOK | Content
Proofs from THE BOOK contains 32 sections (45 in the sixth edition), each devoted to one theorem but often containing multiple proofs and related results. It spans a broad range of mathematical fields: number theory, geometry, analysis, combinatorics and graph theory. Erdős himself made many suggestions for the... | wikipedia |
wiki_38154_chunk_14 | Database activity monitoring | Some enterprises are also seeking other functions, including:
Configuration auditing to comply with audits required by the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act
DLP capabilities that address security concerns, as well as the data identification and protection requirements of the Payment Card Industry (PCI) and other data-centric r... | wikipedia |
wiki_10349_chunk_9 | Bootstrapping (compilers) | Current efforts
Due to security concerns regarding the Trusting Trust Attack and various attacks against binary trustworthiness, multiple projects are working to reduce the effort for not only bootstrapping from source but also allowing everyone to verify that source and executable correspond. These include the Bootstr... | wikipedia |
wiki_15965_chunk_0 | List of MeSH codes (N02) | The following is a partial list of the "N" codes for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), as defined by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM). This list continues the information at List of MeSH codes (N01). Codes following these are found at List of MeSH codes (N03). For other MeSH codes, see List of MeSH c... | wikipedia |
wiki_2345_chunk_13 | Prism (geometry) | Prismatic polytope
A prismatic polytope is a higher-dimensional generalization of a prism. An n-dimensional prismatic polytope is constructed from two ()-dimensional polytopes, translated into the next dimension. The prismatic n-polytope elements are doubled from the ()-polytope elements and then creating new elements... | wikipedia |
wiki_4743_chunk_13 | List of important publications in statistics | Applied statistics
Statistical Methods for Research Workers
Author: R.A. Fisher
Publication data: Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1925 (1st edition); London: Macmillan, 1970 (15th edition)
Online version: http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Fisher/Methods/
Description: The original manual for researchers, especially biologists, on... | wikipedia |
wiki_7436_chunk_3 | Spray (mathematics) | Let M be a differentiable manifold and (TM,πTM,M) its tangent bundle. Then a vector field H on TM (that is, a section of the double tangent bundle TTM) is a semispray on M, if any of the three following equivalent conditions holds:
(πTM)*Hξ = ξ.
JH=V, where J is the tangent structure on TM and V is the canonical vect... | wikipedia |
wiki_14437_chunk_7 | Comparison of application virtualization software | Shared libraries are a facility to reuse segments of native code across multiple running programs. In modern operating systems, this generally means using virtual memory to share the memory pages containing a shared library across different processes which are protected from each other via memory protection. It is inte... | wikipedia |
wiki_455_chunk_38 | Python (programming language) | Other implementations
PyPy is a fast, compliant interpreter of Python 2.7 and 3.8. Its just-in-time compiler brings a significant speed improvement over CPython but some libraries written in C cannot be used with it.
Stackless Python is a significant fork of CPython that implements microthreads; it does not use the ... | wikipedia |
wiki_11615_chunk_2 | Mathematics of Sudoku | Similar results are known for variants and smaller grids. No exact results are known for Sudokus larger than the classical 9×9 grid, although there are estimates which are believed to be fairly accurate. Overview
The analysis of Sudoku falls into two main areas:
analyzing the properties of completed grids
analyzing t... | wikipedia |
wiki_36286_chunk_4 | Jim Thomas (computer scientist) | Awards
1985: Science Digest's Top 100 Scientific Innovations
1986: R&D Magazines R&D 100 Award
1989: Federal Laboratory Consortium Award for Excellence in Technology Transfer
1996: R&D Magazine's R&D 100 Award
1998: Federal Laboratory Consortium Award for Excellence in Technology Transfer
2007: Fellow, American Associa... | wikipedia |
wiki_7058_chunk_2 | Johnson's algorithm | Algorithm description
Johnson's algorithm consists of the following steps:
First, a new node is added to the graph, connected by zero-weight edges to each of the other nodes.
Second, the Bellman–Ford algorithm is used, starting from the new vertex , to find for each vertex the minimum weight of a path from to . If ... | wikipedia |
wiki_24120_chunk_7 | Mathieu wavelet | The magnitude of the transfer function corresponds exactly to the modulus of an elliptic-sine: Examples of filter transfer function for a Mathieu MRA are shown in the figure 2. The value of a is adjusted to an eigenvalue in each case, leading to a periodic solution. Such solutions present a number of zeroes in the int... | wikipedia |
wiki_862_chunk_37 | Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica | A fair-copy draft of Newton's planned second volume De motu corporum, Liber Secundus survives, its completion dated to about the summer of 1685. It covers the application of the results of Liber primus to the Earth, the Moon, the tides, the Solar System, and the universe; in this respect, it has much the same purpose a... | wikipedia |
wiki_35368_chunk_4 | Linear-fractional programming | Properties and algorithms
The objective function in a linear-fractional problem is both quasiconcave and quasiconvex (hence quasilinear) with a monotone property, pseudoconvexity, which is a stronger property than quasiconvexity. A linear-fractional objective function is both pseudoconvex and pseudoconcave, hence pseud... | wikipedia |
wiki_8194_chunk_2 | Bond energy | The enthalpy of formation ΔHfº of a large number of atoms, free radicals, ions,
clusters and compounds is available from the websites of NIST,
NASA, CODATA, and IUPAC. Most authors prefer to use the
BDE values at 298.15 K. | wikipedia |
wiki_21384_chunk_2 | Secret Service code name | Presidents and their families
Woodrow Wilson
Edith Wilson – Grandma
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Eleanor Roosevelt – Rover
Harry S. Truman – General or Supervise
Bess Truman – Sunnyside
Dwight Eisenhower – Scorecard or Providence
Mamie Eisenhower – Springtime
David Eisenhower – Sahara
John F. Kennedy – Lancer
Jacqu... | wikipedia |
wiki_31914_chunk_3 | List of programs broadcast by Knowledge Network | Animated series
16 Hudson (2018-present)
Abby Hatcher (2019–present)
Astroblast! (2014-present)
Belle and Sebastian (2018–present)
Big Words Small Stories (2021–present)
Bluey (2022–present)
Book Hungry Bears (2020–present)
Bread Barbershop (2022–present)
The Brilliant World of Tom Gates (2021–present)
Charlie... | wikipedia |
wiki_11615_chunk_71 | Mathematics of Sudoku | The following sequence demonstrates mapping a band configuration to a counting symmetry equivalence class. Begin with a valid band configuration (1). Build column triplets by ordering the column values within each column. This is not a valid Sudoku band, but does place the same constraints on the lower bands as the exa... | wikipedia |
wiki_18766_chunk_18 | International Mathematical Olympiad selection process | Germany
IMO team selection in Germany is based on the main national mathematical competitions: The Bundeswettbewerb Mathematik (BWM, the former west German olympiad), the Deutsche Mathematik-Olympiade (DeMO, the former east German olympiad), and Jugend forscht (a research competition). Students successful in any of th... | wikipedia |
wiki_20887_chunk_17 | Wind power forecasting | Physical approach to wind power forecasting
Meteorological forecasts are given at specific nodes of a grid covering an area. Since wind farms are not situated on these nodes, it is then needed to extrapolate these forecasts at the desired location and at turbine hub height. Physical-based forecasting methods consist of... | wikipedia |
wiki_15829_chunk_0 | Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry | Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, also known as the Green Book, is a compilation of terms and symbols widely used in the field of physical chemistry. It also includes a table of physical constants, tables listing the properties of elementary particles, chemical elements, and nuclides, and informatio... | wikipedia |
wiki_7530_chunk_7 | Fujitsu Siemens Computers | Products
Fujitsu Siemens Computers' products included:
Media Center: Activity
Notebooks: Amilo, Amilo PRO, CELSIUS Mobile, ESPRIMO Mobile, Fujitsu Lifebook, Liteline, PCD, SCENIC Mobile
Desktop PCs: SCALEO, SCENIC, ESPRIMO, Amilo Desktop
Workstation
CELSIUS
Tablet PC
STYLISTIC
Convertible PC
LIFEBOOK
Handheld... | wikipedia |
wiki_18748_chunk_10 | List of programs aired by TV5 (Philippine TV network) | Anime series
2 Years Vacation with Dinosaurs (2001–2004)
Astro Boy (2006–2008)
Azumanga Daioh (2008–2009, 2009–2010)
Attack on Titan: Junior High (2017)
Battle Spirits (2010)
Black Blood Brothers (2008, 2009)
Casshern Sins (2010)
Clannad (2010)
Code Geass (2008–2010)
Cowboy Bebop (2008–2009)
Coyote Ragtime Show (2008–2... | wikipedia |
wiki_1012_chunk_19 | Ionization energy | Ionization energy increases when
Reaching Group 18 noble gas elements: This is due to their complete electron subshells, so that these elements require large amounts of energy to remove one electron.
Group 12: The elements here, zinc (: 9.4 eV), cadmium (: 9.0 eV) and mercury (: 10.4 eV) all record sudden rising IE v... | wikipedia |
wiki_12940_chunk_26 | Home network | Administration
The administration of proliferating devices and software in home networks, and the growing amount of private data, is fast becoming an issue by itself. Keeping overview, applying without delay SW updates and security patches, keeping juniors internet use within safe boundaries, structuring of storage and... | wikipedia |
wiki_20547_chunk_7 | Software modernization | Challenges in legacy modernization
Primary issues with a legacy system include very old systems with lack of documentation, lack of SMEs/ knowledge on the legacy systems and dearth of technology skills in which the legacy systems have been implemented. Typical legacy systems have been in existence for more than two de... | wikipedia |
wiki_3274_chunk_3 | Function overloading | Apex
C++
C#
Swift
Fortran
Kotlin
Java
PostgreSQL and PL/SQL
Scala
TypeScript
Wolfram Language
Elixir
Nim Rules in function overloading
The same function name is used for more than one function definition
The functions must differ either by the arity or types of their parameters It is a classification of s... | wikipedia |
wiki_382_chunk_7 | Merge algorithm | -way merging generalizes binary merging to an arbitrary number of sorted input lists. Applications of -way merging arise in various sorting algorithms, including patience sorting and an external sorting algorithm that divides its input into blocks that fit in memory, sorts these one by one, then merges these blocks. ... | wikipedia |
wiki_18764_chunk_41 | Anonymous function | int main() {
std::function<double(double)> f0 = [](double x) { return 1; };
auto f1 = [](double x) { return x; };
decltype(f0) fa[3] = {f0, f1, [](double x) { return x * x; }};
std::vector<decltype(f0)> fv = {f0, f1};
fv.push_back([](double x) { return x * x; });
for (size_t i = 0; i < fv.size(); i++) {
... | wikipedia |
wiki_11686_chunk_1 | Functional group (ecology) | Scientific investigation
Rather than the idea of this concept based upon a set of theories, functional groups are directly observed and determined by research specialists. It is important that this information is witnessed first-hand in order to state as usable evidence. Behavior and overall contribution to others are ... | wikipedia |
wiki_18612_chunk_17 | Bootstrapping (statistics) | The Monte Carlo algorithm for case resampling is quite simple. First, we resample the data with replacement, and the size of the resample must be equal to the size of the original data set. Then the statistic of interest is computed from the resample from the first step. We repeat this routine many times to get a more ... | wikipedia |
wiki_8588_chunk_18 | Matrix calculus | The pushforward along a vector function f with respect to vector v in Rn is given by Derivatives with matrices
There are two types of derivatives with matrices that can be organized into a matrix of the same size. These are the derivative of a matrix by a scalar and the derivative of a scalar by a matrix. These can be... | wikipedia |
wiki_167_chunk_44 | Database | Probabilistic databases employ fuzzy logic to draw inferences from imprecise data.
Real-time databases process transactions fast enough for the result to come back and be acted on right away.
A spatial database can store the data with multidimensional features. The queries on such data include location-based queries,... | wikipedia |
wiki_663_chunk_81 | Electric power transmission | The New York State Public Service Commission conducted a study, documented in Opinion No. 78-13 (issued June 19, 1978), to evaluate potential health effects of electric fields. The study's case number is too old to be listed as a case number in the commission's online database, DMM, and so the original study can be dif... | wikipedia |
wiki_11348_chunk_8 | Pair of pants (mathematics) | The geometric proof of the classification in the previous paragraph is important for understanding the structure of hyperbolic pants. It proceeds as follows: Given an hyperbolic pair of pants with totally geodesic boundary, there exist three unique geodesic arcs that join the cuffs pairwise and that are perpendicular t... | wikipedia |
wiki_7029_chunk_15 | Action! (programming language) | BYTE RTCLOK=20, ; addr of sys timer
SDMCTL=559 ; DMA control
BYTE ARRAY FLAGS(8190)
CARD COUNT,I,K,PRIME,TIME
PROC SIEVE()
SDMCTL=0 ; shut off Antic
RTCLOK=0 ; reset the clock to zero
COUNT=0 ; init count
FOR I=0 TO 8190 ; and flags
DO
FLAGS(I)='T ; "'T" is a compiler-pr... | wikipedia |
wiki_1926_chunk_4 | Conservation biology | Conservation biologists research and educate on the trends and process of biodiversity loss, species extinctions, and the negative effect these are having on our capabilities to sustain the well-being of human society. Conservation biologists work in the field and office, in government, universities, non-profit organiz... | wikipedia |
wiki_19622_chunk_5 | International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine | Congresses and Conferences Committee (C-CC)
Its mission is to provide administration and management of all IFCC meeting activities and to review applications for IFCC Auspices from non IFCC conferences requesting such sponsorship
Visit the IFCC website for a database of upcoming international and regional conferences ... | wikipedia |
wiki_1727_chunk_36 | Bose–Einstein statistics | In recent years, Bose–Einstein statistics has also been used as a method for term weighting in information retrieval. The method is one of a collection of DFR ("Divergence From Randomness") models, the basic notion being that Bose–Einstein statistics may be a useful indicator in cases where a particular term and a part... | wikipedia |
wiki_2620_chunk_12 | Anthropological linguistics | Methodology
There are two major trends in the theoretical and methodological study of attitudes in the social sciences - mentalist and behaviorist. The mentalist trend treats attitude as a mediating concept while the behaviorist trend operationally defines it as a probability concept, though in research practice both ... | wikipedia |
wiki_23174_chunk_2 | Workers Revolutionary Party of Colombia | Peace Treaty
In December 1990, president Virgilio Barco expressed willingness to hold peace talks with PRT. Talks were initiated between the Colombian government and PRT. On December 28 an accord was signed between the government and PRT. On January 25, 1991, a final peace treaty was signed in Don Gabriel, Ovejas munic... | wikipedia |
wiki_594_chunk_107 | Tree (data structure) | By considering just particular subsets of the above conditions and/or particular constituents of we obtain a nomenclature of tree data structures. Accessible pointed quivers form the "lowest common denominator" – conditions (1) and (2) are always required.
Conditions (4–7) are imposed appropriately to whether
, , o... | wikipedia |
wiki_2411_chunk_52 | Computer-supported cooperative work | On the topic of computing infrastructures, Democratizing Ubiquitous Computing - a Right for Locality presents a study from researchers at Lancaster University on ubiquitous computing ("ubicomp") to identify where there exists positive or negative effects on users and society at large. The research specifically focuses ... | wikipedia |
wiki_382_chunk_14 | Merge algorithm | The work performed by the algorithm for two arrays holding a total of elements, i.e., the running time of a serial version of it, is . This is optimal since elements need to be copied into . To calculate the span of the algorithm, it is necessary to derive a Recurrence relation. Since the two recursive calls of merge... | wikipedia |
wiki_3722_chunk_16 | Paul Scully-Power | Technical papers
Scully-Power is considered a world expert in remote sensing: visible, infra-red, radar and acoustic sensing and has earned the highest degree in science, a Doctor of Science in Applied Mathematics for his work. He has published over ninety international scientific reports and technical journal articles... | wikipedia |
wiki_2151_chunk_55 | D (programming language) | Toy and proof-of-concept compilers:
D Compiler for – A back-end for the D programming language 2.0 compiler. It compiles the code to Common Intermediate Language (CIL) bytecode rather than to machine code. The CIL can then be run via a Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) virtual machine. The project has not been upd... | wikipedia |
wiki_8086_chunk_11 | Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences | The mathematics and computer science undergraduate and graduate programs at the Courant Institute has a strong focus on building quantitative and problem-solving skills through teamwork. An undergraduate computer science course on Computer Vision, for example, requires students to be in small teams to use and apply rec... | wikipedia |
wiki_1475_chunk_15 | Z3 (computer) | Specifications
Average calculation speed: addition – 0.8 seconds, multiplication – 3 seconds
Arithmetic unit: Binary floating-point, 22-bit, add, subtract, multiply, divide, square root
Data memory: 64 words with a length of 22 bits
Program memory: Punched celluloid tape
Input: Decimal floating-point numbers
Out... | wikipedia |
wiki_8199_chunk_2 | Heterolysis (chemistry) | One example of the differences in the energies is the energy required to break a Hydrogen-Hydrogen bond
{|
| H2 -> 2H. || || ΔH = 104 kcal/mol
|-
| H2 -> H+ + H- || || ΔH = 66 kcal/mol (in water)
|} History
The discovery and categorization of heterolytic bond fission was clearly dependent on the disc... | wikipedia |
wiki_8380_chunk_3 | Complex network | The field continues to develop at a brisk pace, and has brought together researchers from many areas including mathematics, physics, electric power systems, biology, climate, computer science, sociology, epidemiology, and others. Ideas and tools from network science and engineering have been applied to the analysis of ... | wikipedia |
wiki_30111_chunk_44 | Concentrated solar power | So far no commercial scale CSP project has been commissioned in Australia, but several projects were suggested. In 2017 now bankrupt American CSP developer SolarReserve got awarded a PPA to realize the 150MW Aurora Solar Thermal Power Project in South Australia at a record low rate of just AUD$0.08/kWh or close to USD$... | wikipedia |
wiki_30896_chunk_1 | Whole Earth Software Catalog and Review | Overview
Fred Turner discusses the production and eventual demise of both the Catalog and Review in From Counterculture to Cyberculture: Stewart Brand, the Whole Earth Network, and the Rise of Digital Utopianism. Turner notes that in 1983, The Whole Earth Software Catalog was proposed by John Brockman as a magazine whi... | wikipedia |
wiki_38519_chunk_1 | WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization | Reports
The Committee reports are published as WHO Technical Report Series. All the reports are available online.
Third Report published as Technical Report Series No. 2 in 1950.
Third Report of the Subcommittee on the Fat-Soluble Vitamins published as Technical Report Series No. 3 in 1950.
Fifth Report published as... | wikipedia |
wiki_16295_chunk_18 | Airborne wind energy | Early references to HAWP
Early centuries of kiting demonstrated that the kite is a rotary engine that rotates its tether part about its mooring point and causes hands and arms to move because of the energy captured from higher winds into the mechanical device. The tension in the lofted devices performs the work of lift... | wikipedia |
wiki_6411_chunk_8 | Odin Computer Graphics | Nodes of Yesod (1985; ZX Spectrum, C64, Amstrad CPC, Enterprise 64/128)
Robin of the Wood (1985; ZX Spectrum, C64)
Arc of Yesod (1985; ZX Spectrum, C64)
I.C.U.P.S. (1986; ZX Spectrum, C64)
Mission A.D. (1986; C64)
Heartland (1986; ZX Spectrum, C64, Amstrad CPC)
Hypa-Ball (1986; ZX Spectrum, C64)
On the Tiles (19... | wikipedia |
wiki_24853_chunk_2 | Action algebra | An action algebra (A, ∨, 0, •, 1, ←, →, *) is an algebraic structure such that (A, ∨, •, 1, ←, →) forms a residuated semilattice while (A, ∨, 0, •, 1, *) forms a Kleene algebra. That is, it is any model of the joint theory of both classes of algebras. Now Kleene algebras are axiomatized with quasiequations, that is, ... | wikipedia |
wiki_24729_chunk_5 | Quantum stirring, ratchets, and pumping | where and are indexes over the mechanical degrees of freedom and the leads respectively, and
the subindex "" implies that the quantities should be evaluated at equilibrium, i.e. and . Integrating the above equation for a system with two leads yields the well known relation between the pumped charge per cycle , the w... | wikipedia |
wiki_9609_chunk_1 | Power of a point | Points with equal power, isolines of , are circles concentric to circle . Steiner used the power of a point for proofs of several statements on circles, for example:
Determination of a circle, that intersects four circles by the same angle.
Solving the Problem of Apollonius
Construction of the Malfatti circles: For a... | wikipedia |
wiki_8430_chunk_3 | Government Engineering College, Thrissur | Departments
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Dept. of Civil Engineering
Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Dept. of Chemical Engineering
Dept. of Production cum Plant Engineering
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
School of Architecture and ... | wikipedia |
wiki_15968_chunk_0 | List of MeSH codes (V03) | The following is a partial list of the "V" codes for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), as defined by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM). This list continues the information at List of MeSH codes (V02). Codes following these are found at List of MeSH codes (V04). For other MeSH codes, see List of MeSH c... | wikipedia |
wiki_8943_chunk_13 | Organotin chemistry | Organic derivatives of tin(I)
Compounds of Sn(I) are rare and only observed with very bulky ligands. One prominent family of cages is accessed by pyrolysis of the 2,6-diethylphenyl-substituted tristannylene [Sn(C6H3-2,6-Et2)2]3, which affords the cubane-type cluster and a prismane. These cages contain Sn(I) and have ... | wikipedia |
wiki_40_chunk_47 | Astrobiology | Research The systematic search for possible life outside Earth is a valid multidisciplinary scientific endeavor. However, hypotheses and predictions as to its existence and origin vary widely, and at the present, the development of hypotheses firmly grounded on science may be considered astrobiology's most concrete pra... | wikipedia |
wiki_21609_chunk_4 | Tricorn (mathematics) | Implementation
The below pseudocode implementation hardcodes the complex operations for Z. Consider implementing complex number operations to allow for more dynamic and reusable code.For each pixel (x, y) on the screen, do:
{
x = scaled x coordinate of pixel (scaled to lie in the Mandelbrot X scale (-2.5, 1))
... | wikipedia |
wiki_346_chunk_16 | Mathematician | The American Mathematical Society, Association for Women in Mathematics, and other mathematical societies offer several prizes aimed at increasing the representation of women and minorities in the future of mathematics. Mathematical autobiographies
Several well known mathematicians have written autobiographies in part ... | wikipedia |
wiki_24404_chunk_2 | Minimum bounding box algorithms | Three dimensions
In 1985, Joseph O'Rourke published a cubic-time algorithm to find the minimum-volume enclosing box of a 3-dimensional point set. O'Rourke's approach uses a 3-dimensional rotating calipers technique, and is based on lemmas characterizing the minimum enclosing box:
There must exist two neighbouring face... | wikipedia |
wiki_28113_chunk_0 | Paul Reilly (computer scientist) | Paul Reilly is a pioneer of virtual archaeology and data visualisation in archeology. He was a research scientist at the IBM UK Scientific Centre. He received his B.A. Honours degree in archaeology and history from the University of Leeds and his Ph.D in computer-based archaeological research, at the Research Centre fo... | wikipedia |
wiki_29274_chunk_1 | International Seismological Centre | Purpose
The main scientific goal of the Centre is the definitive compilation of earthquake information and the readings on which they are based. Collection of reports of earthquake effects is also an important part of its operation and the Centre recomputes the location and occurrence time of earthquakes worldwide, mak... | wikipedia |
wiki_33462_chunk_11 | Computer-aided process planning | Traditional CAPP methods that optimize plans in a linear manner have not been able to satisfy the need for flexible planning, so new dynamic systems will explore all possible combinations of production processes, and then generate plans according to available machining resources. For example, K.S. Lee et al. states tha... | wikipedia |
wiki_10287_chunk_47 | C Sharp (programming language) | Implementations
Microsoft is leading the development of the open-source reference C# compilers and set of tools. The first compiler, Roslyn, compiles into intermediate language (IL), and the second one, RyuJIT, is a JIT (just-in-time) compiler, which is dynamic and does on-the-fly optimization and compiles the IL into ... | wikipedia |
wiki_32722_chunk_3 | Pure (programming language) | Pure plug-ins are available for the Gnumeric spreadsheet and Miller Puckette's Pure Data graphical multimedia software, which make it possible to extend these programs with functions written in the Pure language. Interfaces are also provided as library modules to GNU Octave, OpenCV, OpenGL, the GNU Scientific Library, ... | wikipedia |
wiki_14340_chunk_5 | Four-valued logic | Applications
A four-valued logic was established by IEEE with the standard IEEE 1364: It models signal values in digital circuits. The four values are 1, 0, Z and X. 1 and 0 stand for boolean true and false, Z stands for high impedance or open circuit and X stands for don't care (e.g., the value has no effect). This l... | wikipedia |
wiki_4663_chunk_30 | Boyer–Moore string-search algorithm | def full_shift_table(S: str) -> List[int]:
"""
Generates F for S, an array used in a special case of the good suffix rule in the Boyer-Moore
string search algorithm. F[i] is the length of the longest suffix of S[i:] that is also a
prefix of S. In the cases it is used, the shift magnitude of the pattern ... | wikipedia |
wiki_1244_chunk_7 | Miranda (programming language) | More general and powerful list-building facilities are provided by "list comprehensions" (previously known as "ZF expressions"), which come in two main forms: an expression applied to a series of terms, e.g.: squares = [ n * n | n <- [1..] ] (which is read: list of n squared where n is taken from the list of all positi... | wikipedia |
wiki_22393_chunk_1 | BB postcode area | |-
! style="background:#FFFFFF;"|BB0
| style="background:#FFFFFF;"|BLACKBURN
| style="background:#FFFFFF;"|Granby Marketing, Blackburn
| style="background:#FFFFFF;"|non-geographic
|-
! BB1
| BLACKBURN
| Blackburn (east), Bank Hey, Belthorn (part), Blackamoor, Clayton-le-Dale, Guide, Knuzden, Mellor, Ramsgreave, Rishton... | wikipedia |
wiki_27303_chunk_11 | Loop-level parallelism | Example of loop-carried dependence where S1[i] ->T S1[i + 1], where i indicates the current iteration, and i + 1 indicates the next iteration. for (int i = 1; i < n; i ++) {
S1: a[i] = a[i - 1] + 1;
} Loop carried dependence graph A Loop-carried dependence graph graphically shows the loop-carried dependencies betwe... | wikipedia |
wiki_35060_chunk_3 | Economics for Equity and the Environment Network | E3’s climate taskforce has contributed to the debates over the economics of global warming. Climate taskforce economists have testified before Congress and the European Parliament and presented their research at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, the... | wikipedia |
wiki_27513_chunk_6 | Stanford University School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences | Research
Research programs in the SES continue to make groundbreaking discoveries about the planet, its environment, and human interactions. As a result, there are a number of industry funded-research groups (i.e.Stanford Exploration Project, Stanford Wave Physics Laboratory, Stanford Rock Physics and Borehole Geophysi... | wikipedia |
wiki_2049_chunk_3 | Power Stone | Characters
There are 10 characters in the original Power Stone:
is the main character of Power Stone. Aged 21 and weighing , Fokker measures and has a fighting style of boxing. He is the son of Pride Falcon (Pride Fokker in Japan), who is playable in Power Stone 2 after unlocking him. He is from Londo (a reference to... | wikipedia |
wiki_25108_chunk_6 | Virginia Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Center | In October, organizers of the future center put together a status report that described an effort to develop a computer simulation demonstration project that could be used to illustrate the sophistication and significance of next generation computer modeling and simulation technologies. The project was to address a res... | wikipedia |
wiki_30494_chunk_12 | Manned Space Flight Network | Another critical step in the
evolution of the Apollo Network came in 1965 with the advent
of the DSN Wing concept. Originally, the participation of
DSN 26-m antennas during an Apollo Mission was to be limited
to a backup role. This was one reason why the MSFN 26-m
sites were collocated with the DSN sites at Goldstone, ... | wikipedia |
wiki_23854_chunk_31 | Soviet biological weapons program | An outbreak of weaponized smallpox occurred during testing in 1971. General Professor Peter Burgasov, former Chief Sanitary Physician of the Soviet Army, and a senior researcher within the program of biological weapons described this incident:
“On Vozrozhdeniya Island in the Aral Sea, the strongest formulations of sma... | wikipedia |
wiki_551_chunk_19 | Sorting algorithm | Popular sorting algorithms
While there are a large number of sorting algorithms, in practical implementations a few algorithms predominate. Insertion sort is widely used for small data sets, while for large data sets an asymptotically efficient sort is used, primarily heapsort, merge sort, or quicksort. Efficient impl... | wikipedia |
wiki_16718_chunk_1 | Grammatical evolution | As in any other GP approach, the objective is to find an executable program, program fragment, or function, which will achieve a good fitness value for a given objective function. In most published work on GP, a LISP-style tree-structured expression is directly manipulated, whereas GE applies genetic operators to an in... | wikipedia |
wiki_6234_chunk_1 | Computer network naming scheme | Airport code example:
lax-001
lax-002
arn-001 City-State-Nation example:
3-character unique numeric number
2-character production/development classifier
3-character city ID
2-character state/province/region ID
2-character nation ID Thus, a production server in Minneapolis, Minnesota would be nnn.ps.min.mn.us.ex... | wikipedia |
wiki_20073_chunk_10 | Database administration | Third party support for database container images has grown, including MongoDB, PostgreSQL, MySQL from Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server from Microsoft, and from independent port's of docker (software) from Windocks Kubernetes, and the development of the Kubernetes Operator pattern by CoreOS, further extended the abi... | wikipedia |
wiki_11376_chunk_5 | In-system programming | History
Starting from the early ‘90s we witnessed an important technological evolution in the architecture of the microcontrollers. At first, they were realized in two possible solutions: with OTP (One Time Programmable) or with EPROM memories. In these technologies, memory-erasing process requires the chip to be expo... | wikipedia |
wiki_16497_chunk_7 | Howard Purcell | Adventure Comics #53–62 (1940–1941)
All-American Comics #25–48, 50, 89–94, 97, 99, 101 (1941–1948)
All-American Men of War #13, 17 (1954–1955)
All Star Comics #42–46, 48–49, 51, 55 (1948–1950)
The Brave and the Bold #51 (Aquaman and Hawkman) (1963)
Comic Cavalcade #4–6, 15–29 (1943–1948)
Doom Patrol #86 (1964)
F... | wikipedia |
wiki_3701_chunk_2 | USC Viterbi School of Engineering | Major research centers
Alfred Mann Institute – business incubator for medical device development in preparation for commercialization
Center for Biomimetic Microelectronic Systems – National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center
Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) – interdisci... | wikipedia |
wiki_3840_chunk_5 | Lists of mathematics topics | Geometry is initially the study of spatial figures like circles and cubes, though it has been generalized considerably. Topology developed from geometry; it looks at those properties that do not change even when the figures are deformed by stretching and bending, like dimension.
Glossary of differential geometry and t... | wikipedia |
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