id
stringlengths
14
20
title
stringlengths
4
131
text
stringlengths
52
43k
source
stringclasses
1 value
wiki_404_chunk_46
Number theory
An example of an active area of research in algebraic number theory is Iwasawa theory. The Langlands program, one of the main current large-scale research plans in mathematics, is sometimes described as an attempt to generalise class field theory to non-abelian extensions of number fields. Diophantine geometry The cent...
wikipedia
wiki_4017_chunk_4
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
An extensive, up-to-date archive of the Institute's varied research activities is readily available to the public via the internet. The Perimeter Institute Recorded Seminar Archive (PIRSA), is a permanent, free, searchable, and citable archive of recorded seminars, conferences, workshops and outreach events. Seminars w...
wikipedia
wiki_6604_chunk_10
Crime Writers of Canada Awards of Excellence
1984 - Derrick Murdoch 1985 - Tony Aspler 1986 - Margaret Millar 1987 - The CBC Drama Department 1988 - J.D. Singh and Jim Reicker 1989 - not presented 1990 - Eric Wilson 1991 - not presented 1992 - William Bankier, James Powell and Peter Sellers 1993 - not presented 1994 - not presented 1995 - Jim and Margaret McBride...
wikipedia
wiki_18255_chunk_2
Computeractive
News – summary of recent technology news Question of the Fortnight – essay on a chosen question Protect Your Tech – summary of recent security news and latest preventative measures Letters – letters from readers Consumeractive – legal help for items bought online Grow Your Family Tree – tips for making family trees...
wikipedia
wiki_17614_chunk_10
Computational hardness assumption
Phi-hiding assumption For a composite number , it is not known how to efficiently compute its Euler's totient function . The Phi-hiding assumption postulates that it is hard to compute , and furthermore even computing any prime factors of is hard. This assumption is used in the Cachin–Micali–Stadler PIR protocol. Disc...
wikipedia
wiki_17614_chunk_7
Computational hardness assumption
Given a composite number , and in particular one which is the product of two large primes , the integer factorization problem is to find and (more generally, find primes such that ). It is a major open problem to find an algorithm for integer factorization that runs in time polynomial in the size of representation (...
wikipedia
wiki_35874_chunk_12
Organoruthenium chemistry
Important compounds, at least for academic studies, are the carbonyls such as triosmium dodecacarbonyl and decacarbonyldihydridotriosmium. The phosphine complexes are analogous to those or ruthenium, but hydride derivatives, e.g. OsHCl(CO)(PPh3)3, tend to be more stable. References
wikipedia
wiki_23209_chunk_4
PowerPC e500
e500v2 Key improvements in the e500v2 over the e500v1 include: Increase from 32-bit (4 GiB) to 36-bit (64 GiB) physical address space. This change means that e500v2-based devices often use a more advanced board support package (BSP) than e500v1-based devices, as various peripheral units have moved to physical address...
wikipedia
wiki_8775_chunk_8
Frobenius algebra
The correspondence between TQFTs and Frobenius algebras is given as follows: 1-dimensional manifolds are disjoint unions of circles: a TQFT associates a vector space with a circle, and the tensor product of vector spaces with a disjoint union of circles, a TQFT associates (functorially) to each cobordism between mani...
wikipedia
wiki_17797_chunk_25
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute
Cellular/Molecular Laboratory: Used for the manipulation and analysis of biological samples. Equipped with cell culture incubators, laminar flow hoods, microwaves, refrigerators, -80°C and -20°C freezers, micro-weight scales, pH meters, electrophoresis stations, HPLC equipment, thermo cyclers, iQ5, Experion, Millipore ...
wikipedia
wiki_9094_chunk_16
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
Example studies There has been a broad scope of studies performed on the BDFFP site focusing on many elements of fragmentation effects on organisms and habitat conditions. Subjects from a range of biota are studied, including trees and other flora, microorganisms, and a variety vertebrate and invertebrates. Soil chemis...
wikipedia
wiki_4742_chunk_91
List of important publications in mathematics
Fractals How Long Is the Coast of Britain? Statistical Self-Similarity and Fractional Dimension Benoît Mandelbrot A discussion of self-similar curves that have fractional dimensions between 1 and 2. These curves are examples of fractals, although Mandelbrot does not use this term in the paper, as he did not coin it unt...
wikipedia
wiki_1119_chunk_18
List of operating systems
On S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes OS/360 and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes OS/360 (first official OS targeted for the System/360 architecture) PCP (Primary Control Program, a kernel and a ground breaking automatic space allocating file system) MFT (original Multi-programming with ...
wikipedia
wiki_1447_chunk_8
Computational biology
Computational genomics is a field within genomics which studies the genomes of cells and organisms. It is sometimes referred to as Computational and Statistical Genetics and encompasses much of Bioinformatics. The Human Genome Project is one example of computational genomics. This project looks to sequence the entire h...
wikipedia
wiki_11348_chunk_14
Pair of pants (mathematics)
A cobordism between two n-dimensional closed manifolds is a compact (n+1)-dimensional manifold whose boundary is the disjoint union of the two manifolds. The category of cobordisms of dimension n+1 is the category with objects the closed manifolds of dimension n, and morphisms the cobordisms between them (note that the...
wikipedia
wiki_27777_chunk_20
Predicate functor logic
Bacon also: Discusses the relation of PFL to the term logic of Sommers (1982), and argues that recasting PFL using a syntax proposed in Lockwood's appendix to Sommers, should make PFL easier to "read, use, and teach"; Touches on the group theoretic structure of Inv and inv; Mentions that sentential logic, monadic predi...
wikipedia
wiki_4287_chunk_2
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
Timeline Major events in the history of the institute include: 1961 Foundation of working group Lüst 1963 Foundation as a sub-institute within the MPI für Physik und Astrophysik; director R. Lüst; Institute moves to Garching (barrack X1) 1964 Partial move from barrack (X1) to MPE building (X2) in February 1965 Of...
wikipedia
wiki_39448_chunk_4
Ecological farming
Principles Certain principles unique to ecological farming need to be considered. Food production should be ecological in both origin and destiny. Integration of species that maintain ecosystem services whilst providing a selection of alternative products. Minimise food miles, packaging, energy consumption and waste. D...
wikipedia
wiki_18877_chunk_48
Atlanta in the American Civil War
General Sherman instructed Col. Cogswell and Capt. Poe to develop plans for the destruction of Atlanta as a transportation hub and as a war material manufacturing center. In late October Col. Cogswell ordered his officers in the three provost regiments to begin planning the demolition of designated buildings and areas ...
wikipedia
wiki_13442_chunk_1
Karmarkar's algorithm
using FFT-based multiplication (see Big O notation). Karmarkar's algorithm falls within the class of interior point methods: the current guess for the solution does not follow the boundary of the feasible set as in the simplex method, but it moves through the interior of the feasible region, improving the approximation...
wikipedia
wiki_19329_chunk_16
Soft engineering
The first step in implementing soft engineering is conducting a preliminary assessment of the site and determining whether soft engineering is applicable and practical. A typical assessment includes identifying the extent of the project area, evaluating existing uses, documenting amenities and characteristics such as h...
wikipedia
wiki_1123_chunk_7
Electron energy loss spectroscopy
Thickness measurements EELS allows quick and reliable measurement of local thickness in transmission electron microscopy. The most efficient procedure is the following: Measure the energy loss spectrum in the energy range about −5..200 eV (wider better). Such measurement is quick (milliseconds) and thus can be applied...
wikipedia
wiki_31530_chunk_13
Civil War (album)
Track listing All songs written by Dillinger Four (Patrick Costello, Erik Funk, Bill , and Lane Pederson) "A Jingle for the Product" - 3:47 "'Contemplate This on the Tree of Woe.'" - 3:03 "Parishiltonisametaphor" - 2:59 "Gainesville" - 3:39 "Ode to the North American Snake Oil Distributor" - 2:29 "Minimum Wage is a Gat...
wikipedia
wiki_2316_chunk_29
Building (mathematics)
When L is an archimedean local field then on the building for the group SL2(L) an additional structure can be imposed of a building with complex multiplication. These were first introduced by Martin L. Brown (). These buildings arise when a quadratic extension of L acts on the vector space L2. These building with comp...
wikipedia
wiki_37773_chunk_3
Statistics education
In the text rising from the 2008 joint conference of the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction and the International Association of Statistics Educators, editors Carmen Batanero, Gail Burrill, and Chris Reading (Universidad de Granada, Spain, Michigan State University, USA, and University of New England,...
wikipedia
wiki_16851_chunk_13
1955–56 United States network television schedule
ABCReturning SeriesThe Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin The Big Picture Break the Bank Chance of a Lifetime (moved from DuMont) Cheyenne Disneyland Dollar a Second The Dotty Mack Show Down You Go Du Pont Cavalcade Theater Ethel and Albert John Daly and the News Kings Row Kukla, Fran and Oll...
wikipedia
wiki_33342_chunk_18
Psychometric software
dexter dexter, first published February 2017, is an R package intended as a robust and fairly comprehensive system for managing and analyzing test data organized in booklets. The package includes facilities for importing and managing test data, assessing and improving the quality of data through basic test-and-item ana...
wikipedia
wiki_14000_chunk_4
The Health Improvement Network
Since 2004, the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework, a performance-related pay scheme for primary care practitioners, has effectively mandated the use of computer systems (such as Vision) to maintain patient medical records, and has imposed standardised recording methods for a wide range of important medical conditions. ...
wikipedia
wiki_27513_chunk_8
Stanford University School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences
A goal of this project is to install instruments to record data near the source of these earthquakes. In addition to the installation of these instruments, rock and fluid samples were continuously collected during the drilling process, and will also be used to analyze changes in geochemistry and mechanical properties a...
wikipedia
wiki_2061_chunk_43
Machine learning
Based on the concept of strong rules, Rakesh Agrawal, Tomasz Imieliński and Arun Swami introduced association rules for discovering regularities between products in large-scale transaction data recorded by point-of-sale (POS) systems in supermarkets. For example, the rule found in the sales data of a supermarket would...
wikipedia
wiki_11115_chunk_5
Code bloat
Reducing bloat Some techniques for reducing code bloat include: Code refactoring commonly used code sequence into a subroutine, and calling that subroutine from several locations, rather than copy and pasting the code at each of those locations. Re-using subroutines that have already been written (perhaps with addit...
wikipedia
wiki_527_chunk_6
Software engineering
Notable definitions of software engineering include: "The systematic application of scientific and technological knowledge, methods, and experience to the design, implementation, testing, and documentation of software"—The Bureau of Labor Statistics—IEEE Systems and software engineering – Vocabulary "The application ...
wikipedia
wiki_2561_chunk_1
Reflective programming
Brian Cantwell Smith's 1982 doctoral dissertation introduced the notion of computational reflection in procedural programming languages and the notion of the meta-circular interpreter as a component of 3-Lisp. Uses Reflection helps programmers make generic software libraries to display data, process different formats o...
wikipedia
wiki_31870_chunk_6
Frame technology (software engineering)
invoke a frame (a procedure call that occurs at construction time, while constructing program texts); assign a (list of) expression(s) to a frame parameter (a construction-time variable assignment); insert frame-text before, instead-of, or after blocks of frame-text, labeled by parameter expressions; instantiate a fram...
wikipedia
wiki_16079_chunk_10
Energy (psychological)
Thus, as of the date of this citation, there have been over 200 review articles, research studies, and meta-analyses published in professional peer-reviewed journals. This includes over 70 randomized controlled trials, 50 clinical outcomes studies, 5 meta-analyses, 4 systematic reviews of various energy psychology moda...
wikipedia
wiki_32617_chunk_7
Korea Aerospace University
CDSRC (the Defense Specialized University Research Center), 2011– Maritime Transport Education Project, 2011– GSRC (Global Surveillance Research Center), 2010– Logistics Specialized Education Project, 2010– Seoul Accord Activation Center, 2010– Industrial Technology Development Project, 2010– WPM (World Premier M...
wikipedia
wiki_31169_chunk_7
Reverse engineering
Machines As computer-aided design (CAD) has become more popular, reverse engineering has become a viable method to create a 3D virtual model of an existing physical part for use in 3D CAD, CAM, CAE, or other software. The reverse-engineering process involves measuring an object and then reconstructing it as a 3D model....
wikipedia
wiki_18776_chunk_24
Homology modeling
Benchmarking Several large-scale benchmarking efforts have been made to assess the relative quality of various current homology modeling methods. CASP is a community-wide prediction experiment that runs every two years during the summer months and challenges prediction teams to submit structural models for a number of ...
wikipedia
wiki_4118_chunk_8
Luhn algorithm
Pseudocode implementation function checkLuhn(string purportedCC) { int nDigits := length(purportedCC) int sum := integer(purportedCC[nDigits-1]) int parity := (nDigits-2) modulus 2 for i from 0 to nDigits - 2 { int digit := integer(purportedCC[i]) if i modulus 2 = parity ...
wikipedia
wiki_31745_chunk_1
Decagram (geometry)
Applications Decagrams have been used as one of the decorative motifs in girih tiles. Isotoxal variations An isotoxal polygon has two vertices and one edge. There are isotoxal decagram forms, which alternates vertices at two radii. Each form has a freedom of one angle. The first is a variation of a double-wound of a p...
wikipedia
wiki_24383_chunk_19
Genealogical bewilderment
<blockquote> "The term genealogical bewilderment refers to a group of psychological problems stemming from lack of knowledge of one's ancestors. Adopted children and children conceived by artificial insemination from an anonymous donor are two examples of groups who may suffer from this problem. The literature is revie...
wikipedia
wiki_5475_chunk_8
American Meteorological Society
Statements AMS issues and periodically updates four different types of statements on topics that fall within the scope of AMS expertise: Information statements aim to provide a trustworthy, objective and scientifically up-to-date explanation of scientific issues of concern to the public at large. They deal with subje...
wikipedia
wiki_38851_chunk_4
FX.25 Forward Error Correction
Technical Implementation A composite FX.25 entity is called a "frame," distinguishing it from the AX.25 "packet" contained within. The FX.25 frame contains the following elements: - Preamble - Correlation Tag - AX.25 Packet - - AX.25 Packet Start - - AX.25 Packet Body - - AX.25 Packet Frame Check Sequence (FCS) - - AX...
wikipedia
wiki_24664_chunk_7
Illuminating Engineering Society
Special Citation 2021 Expolight for Freedom Square in Mariupol, Ukraine (Use of technology to create a community experience) 2020 Chris Werner Design for Night Garden Miami (Use of Interactive Technology) 2019 Gwen Grossman Lighting Design for Art in The Mart, Chicago (Seamless Artistic Integration Between Projection a...
wikipedia
wiki_9703_chunk_11
Actrix (computer)
Software Digital Research CP/M-80 2.2 operating system Microsoft MS-DOS 1.25 (only with optional 8088 co-processor board) M: Drive utility (to utilise 256KB RAM on optional 8088 co-pro board as M: RAM disk under CP/M) Personal Pearl database system FancyFont text markup and layout software Perfect Series office suite (...
wikipedia
wiki_31320_chunk_53
Topology (electrical circuits)
Network synthesis Graph theory can be applied to network synthesis. Classical network synthesis realises the required network in one of a number of canonical forms. Examples of canonical forms are the realisation of a driving-point impedance by Cauer's canonical ladder network or Foster's canonical form or Brune's re...
wikipedia
wiki_6605_chunk_8
2004–05 United States network television schedule
Returning series20/208 Simple RulesABC Saturday Movie of the WeekAccording to JimAliasAmerica's Funniest Home VideosThe BachelorThe BacheloretteExtreme MakeoverExtreme Makeover: Home EditionGeorge LopezHope & FaithLess than PerfectMonday Night FootballMy Wife and KidsNYPD BluePrimetime LiveThe Wonderful World of Disney...
wikipedia
wiki_15738_chunk_8
Center Excellence in Molecular Biology
External links http://www.cemb.edu.pk https://web.archive.org/web/20130907124706/http://twas.ictp.it/prog/exchange/fells http://www.nation.com.pk/national/18-Feb-2012/uaf-to-get-idb-prize-for-science-tech-services http://www.dawn.com/news/852207/low-cost-hepatitis-drug-stuck-in-official-machination http://technologyt...
wikipedia
wiki_7692_chunk_8
International Commission for Optics
The organizers also formulated the objectives of ICO: the study of optical theory, the theoretical study and construction of optical instruments, and the physiological optics of the eye. The organizers were grateful to both UNESCO and IUPAP for travel, secretarial and publication support during the initial organization...
wikipedia
wiki_4543_chunk_6
Mathematical and theoretical biology
Areas of research Several areas of specialized research in mathematical and theoretical biology as well as external links to related projects in various universities are concisely presented in the following subsections, including also a large number of appropriate validating references from a list of several thousands ...
wikipedia
wiki_10577_chunk_43
Algorithmic trading
Low-latency traders depend on ultra-low latency networks. They profit by providing information, such as competing bids and offers, to their algorithms microseconds faster than their competitors. The revolutionary advance in speed has led to the need for firms to have a real-time, colocated trading platform to benefit f...
wikipedia
wiki_13089_chunk_4
The Indiana College Mathematics Competition
Sample Question A sample question from 1968: "Let us assume that a given pair of people either know each other or are strangers. If six people enter a room, show that there must be at least three people who know each other pairwise or there must be at least three people who are pairwise strangers." See also Marian Coll...
wikipedia
wiki_13880_chunk_45
Evolution of insects
Traditional morphology-based or appearance-based systematics has usually given Hexapoda the rank of superclass, and identified four groups within it: insects (Ectognatha), springtails (Collembola), Protura and Diplura, the latter three being grouped together as Entognatha on the basis of internalized mouth parts. Supra...
wikipedia
wiki_5133_chunk_10
Wason selection task
Evaluation of social relations hypothesis Davies et al. (1995) have argued that Cosmides and Tooby's argument in favor of context-sensitive, domain-specific reasoning mechanisms as opposed to general-purpose reasoning mechanisms is theoretically incoherent and inferentially unjustified. Von Sydow (2006) has argued tha...
wikipedia
wiki_36363_chunk_29
Helitron (biology)
Future Although it is generally accepted that Helitrons are RC transposons and through numerous investigations, the role of Helitron transposition in gene duplication and shaping the genetic architecture has been proven, but neither the various mechanisms by which this occurs nor the frequency is well understood. At th...
wikipedia
wiki_28118_chunk_3
Java Native Access
Memory byte alignment for data structures Native libraries have no standardized memory byte alignment flavor. JNA defaults to an OS platform specific setting, that can be overridden by a library specific custom alignment. If the alignment details are not given in the documentation of the native library, the correct al...
wikipedia
wiki_20212_chunk_1
Sunflower (mathematics)
The main research question arising in relation to sunflowers is: under what conditions does there exist a large sunflower (a sunflower with many sets) in a given collection of sets? The -lemma, sunflower lemma, culminating in the sunflower conjecture give successively weaker conditions which would imply the existence o...
wikipedia
wiki_4789_chunk_5
List of terms relating to algorithms and data structures
E edge eb tree (elastic binary tree) edge coloring edge connectivity edge crossing edge-weighted graph edit distance edit operation edit script 8 queens elastic-bucket trie element uniqueness end-of-string enfilade epidemic algorithm Euclidean algorithm Euclidean distance Euclidean Steiner tree Eucl...
wikipedia
wiki_39339_chunk_8
Aerospace Heritage Foundation of Canada
Over the years since its formation the A.H.F.C. has also conducted an underwater search in Lake Ontario in an attempt to recover one or more of the Avro Arrow Aerodynamic Test Models fired aboard a Nike (rocket) over the lake. Much interest in this project has been expressed with programs such as the History Channel, D...
wikipedia
wiki_18428_chunk_0
Space Solar Power Exploratory Research and Technology program
The Space Solar Power Exploratory Research and Technology program (SERT) program, conducted by NASA, was initiated by John C. Mankins and led by Joe Howell in March 1999 for the following purpose: Perform design studies of selected flight demonstration concepts; Evaluate studies of the general feasibility, design, an...
wikipedia
wiki_20649_chunk_2
Logic model
History of logic models Citing Funnell and Rogers's account (2011), Joy A. Frechtling's (2015) encyclopedia article traces logic model underpinnings to the 1950s. Patricia J. Rogers's (2005) encyclopedia article instead traces it back to Edward A. Suchman's (1967) book about evaluative research. Both encyclopedia art...
wikipedia
wiki_22395_chunk_3
FY postcode area
|- ! style="background:#FFFFFF;"|FY0 | style="background:#FFFFFF;"|BLACKPOOL | style="background:#FFFFFF;"| | style="background:#FFFFFF;"|non-geographic |- ! FY1 | BLACKPOOL | Blackpool Town Centre, North Shore, South Shore | Blackpool |- ! FY2 | BLACKPOOL | Bispham, Moor Park | Blackpool |- ! FY3 | BLACKPOOL |Grange ...
wikipedia
wiki_11117_chunk_7
Edge disjoint shortest pair algorithm
In the transformed graph of the edge disjoint shortest pair algorithm, which contains negative arcs, a given vertex previously "permanently" labeled in Step 2a of the modified Dijkstra algorithm may be revisited and relabeled in Step 3a, and inserted back in vertex set S (Step 3b). The efficiency of the modified Dijkst...
wikipedia
wiki_24806_chunk_24
A. James Clark School of Engineering
Alumni The following individuals are alumni of the A. James Clark School of Engineering at the University of Maryland. Graduating class year is denoted in parentheses. Ashish Bagai (1990, M.S. 1992, Ph.D. 1995) - Pioneer in aerodynamic design of rotorcraft blades, member of Clark School Innovation Hall of Fame Angel P....
wikipedia
wiki_2543_chunk_16
Partition function (number theory)
Techniques for implementing the Hardy–Ramanujan–Rademacher formula efficiently on a computer are discussed by , who shows that can be computed in time for any . This is near-optimal in that it matches the number of digits of the result. The largest value of the partition function computed exactly is , which has sligh...
wikipedia
wiki_4874_chunk_5
OpenMath
<OMOBJ xmlns="http://www.openmath.org/OpenMath"> <OMA cdbase="http://www.openmath.org/cd"> <OMS cd="relation1" name="eq"/> <OMV name="x"/> <OMA> <OMS cd="arith1" name="divide"/> <OMA> <OMS cdbase="http://www.example.com/mathops" cd="multiops" name="plusminus"/> <OMA> ...
wikipedia
wiki_4927_chunk_10
Rainforest Action Network
We Can Change Chevron: toxic waste oil Launched in December 2009, the We Can Change Chevron campaign targets the California-based oil corporation for their subsidiary Texaco's dumping of of waste oil into the Amazon Rainforest in Ecuador. We Can Change Chevron aims to pressure Chevron into paying for the cleanup of th...
wikipedia
wiki_24329_chunk_2
The Edge of Evolution
Contents Behe begins the book with an observation that the theory of evolution consists of a coherent relationship of three related ideas: common descent, natural selection, and random mutation. He continues by stating he believes they are distinct ideas, with implications for the theory as a whole; common descent and...
wikipedia
wiki_34319_chunk_17
Biological network
Researchers interested in ethology across many taxa, from insects to primates, are starting to incorporate network analysis into their research. Researchers interested in social insects (e.g., ants and bees) have used network analyses better to understand the division of labor, task allocation, and foraging optimizatio...
wikipedia
wiki_13638_chunk_12
Grand Comics Database
Sources Allred, Will. "Credit Where Credit Is Due." Quantum Zone - Behind the Scenes. N.p., 06 Apr. 1999. Web. 14 May 2019. Cronin, Brian. "Grand Comic Book Database Is Good | CBR." Archive.is. N.p., 12 July 2018. Web. 14 May 2019. Cronin, Brian. "Grand Comic Book Database Is Good." CBR. CBR, 13 July 2007. Web. 14 M...
wikipedia
wiki_16058_chunk_10
Medically unexplained physical symptoms
Some high quality studies have been conducted examining the effectiveness of antidepressants in MUPS. Those antidepressants that have been investigated include tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). For example, TCAs have effects on IBS, fibromyalgia, back pain, headaches,...
wikipedia
wiki_13672_chunk_31
Computational electromagnetics
The uniform theory of diffraction approximates near field electromagnetic fields as quasi optical and uses ray diffraction to determine diffraction coefficients for each diffracting object-source combination. These coefficients are then used to calculate the field strength and phase for each direction away from the dif...
wikipedia
wiki_15959_chunk_0
List of MeSH codes (I01)
The following is a partial list of the "I" codes for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), as defined by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM). This list continues the information at List of MeSH codes (H01). Codes following these are found at List of MeSH codes (I02). For other MeSH codes, see List of MeSH c...
wikipedia
wiki_12745_chunk_17
Metabolic network modelling
Extreme pathways Price, Reed, and Papin, from the Palsson lab, use a method of singular value decomposition (SVD) of extreme pathways in order to understand regulation of a human red blood cell metabolism. Extreme pathways are convex basis vectors that consist of steady state functions of a metabolic network. For any p...
wikipedia
wiki_20527_chunk_0
Region connection calculus
The region connection calculus (RCC) is intended to serve for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning. RCC abstractly describes regions (in Euclidean space, or in a topological space) by their possible relations to each other. RCC8 consists of 8 basic relations that are possible between two regions: disconnec...
wikipedia
wiki_20911_chunk_21
Java performance
Comparison to other languages Objectively comparing the performance of a Java program and an equivalent one written in another language such as C++ needs a carefully and thoughtfully constructed benchmark which compares programs completing identical tasks. The target platform of Java's bytecode compiler is the Java pl...
wikipedia
wiki_32098_chunk_7
ATS (programming language)
In ATS code: dataprop FACT (int, int) = | FACTbas (0, 1) // basic case: FACT(0, 1) | {n:int | n > 0} {r,r1:int} // inductive case FACTind (n, r) of (FACT (n-1, r1), MUL (n, r1, r)) where FACT (int, int) is a proof type Example Non tail-recursive factorial with proposition or "Theorem" proving t...
wikipedia
wiki_27918_chunk_3
List of unsolved problems in statistics
Problems of a more philosophical nature Sampling of species problem: How is a probability updated when there is unanticipated new data? Doomsday argument: How valid is the probabilistic argument that claims to predict the future lifetime of the human race given only an estimate of the total number of humans born so f...
wikipedia
wiki_9153_chunk_5
Society for Neuroscience
Awards SfN offers the following awards, fellowships, and honors: Award for Education in Neuroscience Bernice Grafstein Award for Outstanding Accomplishments in Mentoring Donald B. Lindsley Prize in Behavioral Neuroscience FENS Forum Travel Awards FENS Member Travel Awards to SfN Annual Meeting The Gruber Foundation Ne...
wikipedia
wiki_35152_chunk_8
IEEE Nanotechnology Council
Non-voting members Council Secretary Non-Voting society representatives Editor-in-Chief, Transactions on Nanotechnology (T-NANO) Editor-in-Chief, IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine (INM) Editor-in-Chief, IEEE Nanotechnology Web Content / Facebook / e-Newsletter Editor-in-Chief, IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology (ne...
wikipedia
wiki_67_chunk_12
Boolean satisfiability problem
3-SAT is one of Karp's 21 NP-complete problems, and it is used as a starting point for proving that other problems are also NP-hard. This is done by polynomial-time reduction from 3-SAT to the other problem. An example of a problem where this method has been used is the clique problem: given a CNF formula consisting of...
wikipedia
wiki_31976_chunk_3
European Distributed Energy Partnership
Studies related to the project To address the wide range of challenges associated with operating the electricity system of the future, the leading Transmission system operator (TSOs) and Distribution System Operators (DSOs), manufacturers and research establishments in the EU have formed a consortium of 18 partners to ...
wikipedia
wiki_21071_chunk_1
Multiplicity (statistical mechanics)
A simplified model of the two-state paramagnet provides an example of the process of calculating the multiplicity of particular macrostate. This model consists of a system of microscopic dipoles which may either be aligned or anti-aligned with an externally applied magnetic field . Let represent the number of dipo...
wikipedia
wiki_22909_chunk_5
Robotics conventions
Jaques Denavit and Richard S. Hartenberg presented the first minimal representation for a line which is now widely used. The common normal between two lines was the main geometric concept that allowed Denavit and Hartenberg to find a minimal representation. Engineers use the Denavit–Hartenberg convention(D–H) to help ...
wikipedia
wiki_19928_chunk_10
Service science, management and engineering
There is a long history of academic and industrial interest in the service sector – starting with Adam Smith and continuing right up to the present day. Yet most such interest in service has focused narrowly on marketing or management or economics. With the rise of technology-enabled services, many traditionally manu...
wikipedia
wiki_51_chunk_3
Biostatistics
Ronald Fisher developed several basic statistical methods in support of his work studying the crop experiments at Rothamsted Research, including in his books Statistical Methods for Research Workers (1925) end The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection (1930). He gave many contributions to genetics and statistics. Some ...
wikipedia
wiki_8556_chunk_4
Copycat (software)
Since the 1995 book Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogies describing the work of the Fluid Analogies Research Group (FARG) book, work on Copycat-like models has continued: as of 2008 the latest models are Phaeaco (a Bongard problem solver), SeqSee (number sequence extrapolation), George (geometric exploration), and Mus...
wikipedia
wiki_6772_chunk_5
EGL (programming language)
function sayHello(name String in) SysLib.writeStdOut(GREETING + name + "!"); end end Record An EGL Record part defines a set of data elements. In this example, a record with the name CustomerRecord is defined with 6 fields. Record CustomerRecord type BasicRecord customerNumber INT; customerName STRING...
wikipedia
wiki_15336_chunk_4
Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network
External links "STDN User's Manual" - Goddard Space Flight Center, (NASA-TM-X-72932) STDN User's Manual N75-78163, Baseline Document (NASA) 124 pages, UNCLAS 00/98 03939 GSFC X-202067-26 William R. Corliss (1967). Evolution of the Satellite Tracking And Data Acquisition Network (STADAN). NASA CR-140390 - William R....
wikipedia
wiki_3847_chunk_1
Code review
Although direct discovery of quality problems is often the main goal, code reviews are usually performed to reach a combination of goals: Better code quality improve internal code quality and maintainability (readability, uniformity, understandability, etc.) Finding defects improve quality regarding external aspect...
wikipedia
wiki_3186_chunk_4
Low-complexity art
In respect to the trajectory of science and technology, for example, low-complexity art may represent another case in which the relatively new discipline of computer science is able to shed fresh light on a disparate subject — the classic example being those insights into the functioning of the genetic code garnered in...
wikipedia
wiki_3812_chunk_1
Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics
The VKI provides education in these specific areas for students from all over the world. A hundred students come to the Institute each year to study fluid dynamics, for a PhD programme, a research master in Fluid Dynamics, a final year project and also to gather further knowledge while doing a work placement in a speci...
wikipedia
wiki_36323_chunk_13
United States Geological Survey
The USGS produces several national series of topographic maps which vary in scale and extent, with some wide gaps in coverage, notably the complete absence of 1:50,000 scale topographic maps or their equivalent. The largest (both in terms of scale and quantity) and best-known topographic series is the 7.5-minute, 1:24,...
wikipedia
wiki_8447_chunk_14
Reliability engineering
Consistent with the creation of safety cases, for example per ARP4761, the goal of reliability assessments is to provide a robust set of qualitative and quantitative evidence that use of a component or system will not be associated with unacceptable risk. The basic steps to take are to: Thoroughly identify relevant ...
wikipedia
wiki_1833_chunk_13
The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
Gou Gu mutual seeking discusses the algorithm of finding the length of a side of the right triangle while knowing the other two. Gou Gu integer is precisely the finding of some significant integer Pythagorean numbers, including famously the triple 3,4,5. Gou Gu dual capacity discusses algorithms for calculating the are...
wikipedia
wiki_30027_chunk_52
Zonal spherical function
for some constant α. The change of variables t = sinh r transforms this equation into the hypergeometric differential equation. The general solution in terms of Legendre functions of complex index is given by {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" | |} where α = ρ(ρ+1). Further restrictions on ρ are imposed by ...
wikipedia
wiki_29007_chunk_34
Lie sphere geometry
Suppose [x], [y] ∈ RP3, with homogeneous coordinates (x0,x1,x2,x3) and (y0,y1,y2,y3). Put pij = xiyj - xjyi. These are the homogeneous coordinates of the projective line joining x and y. There are six independent coordinates and they satisfy a single relation, the Plücker relation p01 p23 + p02 p31 + p03 p12 = 0. It fo...
wikipedia
wiki_20649_chunk_11
Logic model
Logic model of the problem, which is a graphical depiction of at-risk population and its social environment behaviors (factors) leading to the health problem and their respective causal pathways (attitudes, beliefs, skills, etc.). This may include as well at-risk population physical environment related causes such as p...
wikipedia
wiki_29192_chunk_5
Holodomor genocide question
What I want to speak about is perhaps the classic example of Soviet genocide, its longest and broadest experiment in Russification — the destruction of the Ukrainian nation. ... The third prong of the Soviet plan was aimed at the farmers, the large mass of independent peasants who are the repository of the tradition, f...
wikipedia
wiki_24740_chunk_16
Quantum chemistry composite methods
This approach, developed at the University of North Texas by Angela K. Wilson's research group, utilizes the correlation consistent basis sets developed by Dunning and co-workers. Unlike the Gaussian-n methods, ccCA does not contain any empirically fitted term. The B3LYP density functional method with the cc-pVTZ basis...
wikipedia