Source string | Question string | Answer string | Question_type string | Referenced_file(s) string | chunk_text string | expert_annotation string | specific to paper string | Label int64 |
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IPAC | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | File Name:DEMONSTRATION_OF_TRANSVERSE_STABILITY_IN_AN_ALTERNATING.pdf DEMONSTRATION OF TRANSVERSE STABILITY IN AN ALTERNATING SYMMETRY PLANAR DIELECTRIC STRUCTURE∗ W. Lynn†, G. Andonian, N. Majernik, S. O’Tool, J. Rosenzweig, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA S. Doran, SY. Kim, J. Power, E. Wisniewski, Argonne National ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | For future applications a key property of the DLA will be the length scalability. Two open issues in this regard are (1) the laser synchronization over long distances, and (2) the electron confinement in tiny channels (ca. $4 0 0 \\mathrm { n m }$ aperture). The energy efficiency and repetition rate could be boosted by... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | DBA LATTICE Linear Optics The designed MLS II lattice consists of 6 identical DBA cells with $8 6 . 4 \\mathrm { ~ m ~ }$ circumference. Each cell contains two homogeneous dipole magnets with a bending radius of 2.27 m according to the critical photon energy of $5 0 0 ~ \\mathrm { e V } .$ . In accordance with the desi... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | BEAM-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS The field obtained from the full wave HFSS 3D simulations of the above described woodpile structure have been used as input for the beam-dynamics simulations carried out using ASTRA© beam tracking code. In order to increase the overall energy gain a staging of nine $\\simeq 3 0 { \\mu \\math... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | In this method of measuring the strength of LD, the polarity of a transverse feedback is reversed to excite a coherent mode in the beam. This creates an antidamper that produces a coupling impedance: $$ Z ( \\omega ) \\propto G e ^ { i \\phi } \\delta ( \\omega ) $$ Where $G$ is the antidamper gain and $\\phi$ is the a... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | $$ k _ { \\mathrm { u } } \\approx \\frac { 1 } { \\beta } k - k _ { \\mathrm { z } } . $$ The analytical model provides design guidelines for the experimental realization of an DLA undulator. In Eq. (5.4) the deviation of $k$ with respect to a synchronous DLA structure determines the undulator wavelength $\\lambda _ {... | 4 | NO | 1 |
IPAC | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | INTRODUCTION Particle accelerators have revolutionized our understanding of the universe and enabled numerous technological advancements. However, conventional accelerators have limitations such as high cost and large size. This has led the accelerator scientific community to look up for smaller and cheaper alternative... | 2 | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | Designing such an experiment based on DLAs, several challenges need to be considered, including: 1. design and optimization of the single cell and the whole structure to achieve GeV energies, 2. high-repetition (GHz) source of single electrons, 3. a high-repetition (GHz) laser, 4. manufacturing the micron-sized structu... | 2 | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | By etching the pillars by electron beam lithography and the ’mesa’ by photo lithography, several low energy electron manipulation devices, well known in the accelerator toolbox, were created on a chip. These are ballistic bunchers [33, 34], APF single cells and channels [35, 36], and the first demonstration of low ... | 5 | NO | 1 |
IPAC | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | Table: Caption: Table 2: Three options for DLA based dark sector searches. Body: <html><body><table><tr><td>DLA scheme</td><td>MDLA</td><td>DADLA</td><td>OEDLA</td></tr><tr><td>eenergy [GeV]</td><td>10</td><td>10</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>Gradient [GV/m]</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Act. length [m]... | 1 | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | 3 Alternating Phase Focusing DLA 3.1 Principle and Nanophotonic Structures The advantage of high gradient in DLA comes with the drawback of non-uniform driving optical nearfields across the beam channel. The electron beam, which usually fills the entire channel, is therefore defocused. The defocusing is resonant, i.e. ... | 4 | NO | 1 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | $$ In general, Eq. (5.1) and Hamilton‚Äôs equations yield six coupled nonlinear differential equations for the phase space coordinates $x , p _ { \\mathrm { x } } , y , p _ { \\mathrm { y } } , c t$ , and $\\gamma$ as a function of the independent variable ùëß. For a DLA undulator with $E _ { 0 } \\sim 1 \\mathrm { G ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | Usually the laser pulses are impinging laterally on the structures, with the polarization in the direction of electron beam propagation. Short pulses thus allow interaction with the electron beam only over a short distance. This lack of length scalability can be overcome by pulse front tilt (PFT), which can be obtained... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | The spatial harmonic focusing scheme is much less efficient than APF, since most of the damage threshold limited laser power goes into focusing rather than into acceleration gradient. However, when equipped with a focusing scheme imprinted on the laser pulse by a liquid crystal phase mask, it can operate on a generic, ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | $$ \\lambda _ { \\mathrm { { p } } } = \\frac { \\lambda _ { \\mathrm { { u } } } } { 2 { \\gamma _ { 0 } } ^ { 2 } } \\left( 1 + \\frac { { K _ { \\mathrm { { z } } } } ^ { 2 } } { 2 } \\right) \\approx 9 ~ \\mathrm { { n m } , } $$ corresponding to soft $\\boldsymbol { \\mathrm { X } }$ -rays with $E _ { \\mathrm { p... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | Looking towards applications of dielectric laser acceleration, electron diffraction and the generation of light with particular properties are the most catching items, besides the omnipresent goal of creating a TeV collider for elementary particle physics. As such we will look into DLA-type laser driven undulators, whi... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | Moving forward, there are possibilities of increasing the acceleration gradients in DC biased electron sources through the use of novel electrode materials and preparation [25, 27] to 20 to 70 $\\mathbf { k V / m m }$ or greater gradients. These higher gradients, combined with the local field enhancement at a nanotip e... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | 2 Ultra-low Emittance Injector The sub- $4 0 0 \\mathrm { n m }$ wide accelerator channel and field non-uniformity in dielectric laser accelerators place very strict emittance requirements on the electron injector. Typical acceptances in an APF DLA designed for a 2 micron drive laser require a ${ \\sim } 1 0 ~ \\mathrm... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What physical phenomena makes a DLA work? | reverse the Cherenkov effect and the Smith-Purcell effect | fact | Beam_Dynamics_in_Dielectric_Laser_Acceleration.pdf | There have been two major approaches to producing injectors of sufficiently high brightness. The first approach uses a nanotip cold field or Schottky emitter in an electron microscope column that has been modified for laser access to the cathode [14, 21, 22]. One can then leverage the decades of development that have b... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | Maintaining the fundamental $\\mathrm { T M } _ { 0 1 }$ and $\\mathrm { H E } _ { 1 1 }$ frequencies within a $\\pm 5$ GHz-bandwidth specified by the design of the output couplers requires dimensional tolerances of roughly $\\pm 1 0 ~ { \\mu \\mathrm { m } } ,$ as shown by Fig. 5. The most sensitive dimension to manuf... | 2 | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ E _ { z , n } ( s \\to \\infty ) = 2 \\kappa _ { n } q _ { 0 } \\mathrm { R e } \\{ e ^ { j k _ { n } s } F ( k _ { n } ) \\} $$ Expanding the real part $$ \\begin{array} { r } { E _ { z , n } ( s \\infty ) = 2 \\kappa _ { n } q _ { 0 } [ \\cos ( k _ { n } s ) \\mathrm { R e } \\{ F ( k _ { n } ) \\} } \\\\ { - \\s... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | File Name:Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf Design of a cylindrical corrugated waveguide for a collinear wakefield accelerator A. Siy ,1,2,\\* N. Behdad,1 J. Booske,1 G. Waldschmidt,2 and A. Zholents 2,† 1University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA 2Advanced Photon Source, Argonne Nation... | 2 | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | IX. CONCLUSION Through simulation, we have shown how the electromagnetic parameters characterizing the $\\mathrm { T M } _ { 0 1 }$ synchronous mode of a cylindrical CWG used as a slow-wave structure depend on the corrugation period, spacing, sidewall angle, and frequency of the accelerating mode. In analyzing the stru... | 5 | Yes | 1 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | Comparing the maximum radii and unequal radii rounded corrugation peak fields in Figs. 10 and 11, we note that the two geometry types are identical when the spacing parameter $\\xi = 0$ and the sidewall parameter $\\zeta = 1$ . In both structure types, the minimum $E _ { \\mathrm { m a x } }$ occurs for a negative spac... | 5 | Yes | 1 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ where $$ x ^ { \\prime } = \\frac { x } { \\hat { a } } , \\qquad y ^ { \\prime } = \\frac { y } { \\hat { a } } , \\qquad z ^ { \\prime } = \\frac { z } { \\hat { a } } , \\qquad \\omega ^ { \\prime } = \\frac { \\omega } { \\hat { a } } . $$ Scaling the fields by $\\hat { a } ^ { - 3 / 2 }$ keeps the stored energy... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ Here we notice the linear scaling of the energy dissipation with the minor radius, $a$ , which helps smaller diameter structures achieve less heating per pulse and thus higher bunch repetition rates. At a gradient of $E _ { \\mathrm { a c c } } = 9 0 ~ \\mathrm { M V } \\mathrm { m } ^ { - 1 }$ , a minor radius of $... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | VI. THERMAL LOADING Thermal loading of the corrugated waveguide places a limit on the maximum repetition rate $f _ { r }$ of the accelerator, where $f _ { r }$ is the number of bunches injected into the structure per second. The thermal loading depends on the electromagnetic properties of the $\\mathrm { T M } _ { 0 1 ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ where the integrals are over all space. Applying the normalized fields with $U = 1$ to Eq. (8) for the group velocity shows that group velocity is independent of scaling $$ \\begin{array} { l } { { v _ { g } ^ { \\prime } = \\hat { a } p \\iint \\displaystyle \\frac { 1 } { 2 } \\mathrm { R e } \\big \\{ E ^ { \\pri... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ Figure 7 shows how the electromagnetic parameters of the maximum radii corrugation depend on the geometry for a CWG with minor radius $a = 1 ~ \\mathrm { m m }$ and electrical conductivity $\\sigma = 4 \\times 1 0 ^ { 7 } ~ \\mathrm { { S m ^ { - 1 } } }$ . The scaling laws derived in Appendix A can be used to proje... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ Making the substitution $u = s - s ^ { \\prime }$ , $$ E _ { z , n } ( s ) = 2 \\kappa _ { n } \\operatorname { R e } \\Biggl \\{ \\int _ { - \\infty } ^ { s } q ( u ) e ^ { j k _ { n } ( s - u ) } d u \\Biggr \\} . $$ Since we are only interested in the fields behind the bunch, we take the limit as $s \\infty$ , n... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | After determining the minor radius, $a$ , of $1 \\ \\mathrm { m m }$ , the frequency and corresponding aperture ratio of the synchronous $\\mathrm { T M } _ { 0 1 }$ accelerating mode must be chosen. We have shown in Figs. 10 and 12 that the peak surface fields and associated pulse heating increase with aperture ratio ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | APPENDIX B: BUNCH FORM FACTOR DERIVATION When calculating a bunch’s energy loss to a particular mode of the corrugated waveguide, the shape of the bunch described by the bunch peak current distribution $i ( t )$ is accounted for by scaling the loss factor $\\kappa$ by the Fourier transform ${ \\cal I } ( \\omega _ { ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ Here, the electric field $E _ { z }$ is the wakefield left behind by the current in the head of the bunch which has already passed the observation point. The wakefield produced by a current impulse $q _ { 0 } \\delta ( t )$ is the Green’s function $h ( t )$ which is expressed as an expansion over the normal modes ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ \\frac { E _ { \\mathrm { m a x } } ^ { 3 0 } t _ { p } ^ { 5 } } { \\mathrm { B D R } } = \\mathrm { c o n s t . } $$ From a design perspective, reducing the BDR is achieved by reducing the peak surface fields and the pulse length. Calculation of the absolute threshold value of the fields that induce breakdown in s... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ which can be written as $$ V ^ { \\prime } = \\biggr \\vert \\int _ { 0 } ^ { p } \\hat { a } ^ { - 1 / 2 } E _ { z } ( z ^ { \\prime } ) e ^ { j \\omega _ { c } ^ { z ^ { \\prime } } } d z ^ { \\prime } \\biggr \\vert = \\frac { V } { \\hat { a } ^ { 1 / 2 } } . $$ Since we have normalized the fields with $U = 1 \\... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ W = \\frac { E _ { \\mathrm { a c c } } ^ { 2 } f _ { r } } { 8 \\pi a \\kappa } . $$ Referring to the plot for $\\kappa$ in Fig. 7, the power dissipation density is reduced by minimizing the corrugation period $p$ and maximizing the spacing parameter $\\xi$ . For structures with $p / a \\lesssim 0 . 5$ , the power ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | VII. HOM CONSIDERATIONS In addition to the fundamental $\\mathrm { T M } _ { 0 1 }$ mode, the wakefield contains contributions from higher order modes (HOMs). Since the HOMs span a range of wavelengths, they may interfere either constructively or destructively with the accelerating mode at the position of the witness b... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What quantity determines the corrugation sidewall angle? | ? | Definition | Design_of_a_cylindrical_corrugated_waveguide.pdf.pdf | $$ \\begin{array} { l } { \\displaystyle P ^ { 1 / 2 } ( z , t ) = \\sqrt { \\frac { 2 \\kappa q _ { 0 } ^ { 2 } | F | ^ { 2 } v _ { g } } { 1 - \\beta _ { g } } } e ^ { \\frac { - \\alpha ( v _ { g } t - \\beta _ { g } z ) } { 1 - \\beta _ { g } } } \\cos { \\left[ \\omega \\left( t - \\frac { z } { c } \\right) \\rig... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | Finally, the projected emittance changes for the twoand four-dechirpers were simulated separately in the actual bunch with the working point, as optimized. We also compared both schemes with the ELEGANT code using the actual bunch distribution with the optimized working point. The results are summarized in Table 3. The... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | Keywords Corrugated structure $\\mathbf { \\nabla } \\cdot \\mathbf { \\varepsilon }$ Energy spread $\\cdot$ Wakefield $\\mathbf { \\nabla } \\cdot \\mathbf { \\varepsilon }$ Shanghai high repetition rate XFEL and extreme light facility 1 Introduction Eliminating residual energy chirps is essential for optimizing the b... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | The SHINE linac beam specifications are listed in Table 1. After two stages of bunch compressors, the bunch length is shortened to $1 0 ~ { \\mu \\mathrm { m } }$ , with a time-dependent energy chirp of approximately $0 . 2 5 \\%$ $( 2 0 \\mathrm { M e V } )$ at the exit of the SHINE linac. Compared with normal conduct... | 2 | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | The effect of a high group velocity in the radiation pulse also merits discussion. At the end of the structure length, the pulse length can be expressed [1] as $l _ { \\mathrm { p } } = 2 h t L / a p$ . For the structural parameters of SHINE, we have $l _ { \\mathrm { p } } = 5 \\mathrm { m }$ which is much longer than... | 2 | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | Table: Caption: Table 1 Beam parameters upon exiting the SHINE linac Body: <html><body><table><tr><td>Parameter</td><td>Value</td></tr><tr><td>Energy,E (GeV)</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>Charge per bunch, Q (PC)</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Beam current,I (kA)</td><td>1.5</td></tr><tr><td>Bunch length (RMS),σ(μm)<... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | File Name:Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf Beam performance of the SHINE dechirper You-Wei $\\mathbf { G o n g } ^ { 1 , 2 } ( \\mathbb { D } )$ • Meng Zhang3 • Wei-Jie $\\mathbf { F a n } ^ { 1 , 2 } ( \\mathbb { D } )$ • Duan $\\mathbf { G } \\mathbf { u } ^ { 3 } \\boldsymbol { \\oplus }$ Ming-Hua Z... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | This paper begins by reviewing the dechirper parameters for a small metallic pipe. The wakefield effects are studied with an ultra-short electron bunch in the Shanghai high repetition rate XFEL and extreme light facility (SHINE). Then, the process in dechirper is studied analytically and verified by numerical simulatio... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | $$ where $f ( q ) = n / d$ , and with $$ \\begin{array} { l } { n = q [ \\cosh [ q ( 2 a - y - y _ { 0 } ) ] - 2 \\cosh [ q ( y - y _ { 0 } ) ] } \\\\ { \\qquad + \\cosh [ q ( 2 a + y + y _ { 0 } ) ] ] } \\\\ { \\qquad - i k \\zeta [ \\sinh [ q ( 2 a - y - y _ { 0 } ) ] + \\sinh [ q ( 2 a + y + y _ { 0 } ) ] ] , } \\en... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | According to the middle subplot in Fig. 5, the wakefield generated by the same structural parameters in the corrugated structure depends mainly on the shape of the bunch. As shown in the bottom of Fig. 5, with the longitudinal wakefield by the actual bunch, the energy chirp in the positive slope after L4 in SHINE can b... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | $$ Expanding the surface impedance $\\zeta ~ [ 1 8 ]$ in the first two orders, the short-range vertical dipole and quadrupole wakes near the axis are given by [19] $$ \\begin{array} { r l } & { w _ { y \\mathrm { d } } \\approx \\displaystyle \\frac { Z _ { 0 } \\mathrm { c } \\pi ^ { 3 } } { 6 4 a ^ { 4 } } { \\mathit... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | $$ Figure 6 compares the dipole and quadrupole wakes obtained by convolving with the actual bunch distribution in SHINE and the analytical results verified with the simulated results from the ECHO2D code [22]. Assuming that the beam is close to (and nearly on) the axis, there is good agreement between the numerical and... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | $$ where $k _ { \\mathrm { q } } ( s )$ is the effective quadrupole strength, which changes with $s$ within the bunch length $l$ . For the case where the beam is near the axis, a short uniformly distributed bunch was deduced in Ref. [25] to calculate the emittance growth after passing through the dechirper. As mentione... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | We next simply consider the quadrupole wake, where the beam is on-axis $( \\mathrm { y } _ { \\mathrm { c } } = 0 )$ . The transfer matrices for the focusing and defocusing quadrupole are given in Eq. (16), where $L$ is the length of the corrugated structure [25]. $$ \\begin{array} { r } { \\boldsymbol { R } _ { \\math... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | $$ One proposal for effectively preventing the growth in emittance caused by the quadrupole wake was to divide the dechirper into two orthogonal dechirpers [26]. This arrangement mode is explored based on beam-optics optimizations in SHINE. First, the entire $1 0 \\mathrm { ~ m ~ }$ length of the dechirper is required ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | To improve the beam quality in SHINE and maintain the projected emittance, we attempted to divide the dechirper into four sections of uniform length $2 . 5 \\mathrm { ~ m ~ }$ (hereafter named ‘four-dechirpers’). The two-dechirper and four-dechirper layouts are depicted in Fig. 9 based on the FODO design. The blue ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | $$ \\epsilon _ { \\mathrm { f } } / \\epsilon _ { 0 } = ( \\langle \\gamma _ { \\mathrm { f } } \\rangle \\langle \\beta _ { \\mathrm { f } } \\rangle - \\langle \\alpha _ { \\mathrm { f } } \\rangle ^ { 2 } ) ^ { 1 / 2 } , $$ where the subscripts f o represent the final (original) situation. Then, the other plane is a... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | What t/p ratio was chosen for the SHINE dechirper | 0.5 | Summary | Beam_performance_of_the_SHINE_dechirper.pdf | The $\\beta$ functions for both models are plotted in Fig. 9. In [28], the emittance growth caused by the quadrupole wakefield is fully compensated only if $\\beta _ { x } = \\beta _ { y }$ . In practice, however, the beta functions always fluctuate, and the beam suffers from the residual quadrupole wakefield. For a pe... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | Though mostly the output power at $R _ { y } = 1 . 4 \\mathrm { m }$ is higher than that of spherical case in far infrared wavelength case, there is an exception region around $1 2 0 \\mu \\mathrm { m }$ . This spectral gap can be explained by the waveguide e!ect that causing a low coupling e"ciency from the hole. The ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | In the dispersion bump section, a large dispersion value is desired to minimize the chromatic sextupole strengths required for chromaticity correction. The phase advance between two dispersion bumps should be matched close to $( 3 \\pi , \\pi )$ to place three pairs of chromatic sextupoles. Therefore, the $- \\boldsymb... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | The mid-wave infrared generation is summarized in Figs. 3 and 4. Figure 3 (a) shows the effect of the crystal tuning angle on the DFG process. The angular acceptance of the process is narrow, with a measured FWHM of 0.15 degrees. A plausible reason for the lower than expected efficiency lies in the narrow angular accep... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | Since the optimum dispersion $\\eta _ { o p t }$ is obtained, we next calculate the variation of the effective emittance by using the realistic ID field data shown in Fig. 1. This is done by using the individual ID gap data (Fig. 1, left) not by using their average (Fig. 1, right). The results are shown in Fig. 4 and w... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | The design angular acceptance of the HRS is $\\pm 6 0$ mrad, and the full-width slit (2ùëÉ) for a resolving power of 24,000 is $1 0 0 \\mu \\mathrm { m }$ with a given $4 ^ { * } \\mathrm { R M S }$ emittance of $3 \\mu \\mathrm { m }$ and an energy spread $( \\Delta E )$ of $1 \\mathrm { e V }$ for a $6 0 \\mathrm { ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | Beamline elements must be carefully placed to avoid interferences with other beamlines and the tunnel walls. The solenoids are particularly challenging due to their considerable width in a tight section of the beamline, but there are many other locations where magnets are very close to either the walls or other beamlin... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | To detect the far-field angular pattern of radiation, an Xray-optimized potassium bromide-coated Micro Channel Plate (MCP) assembly of effective diameter $4 0 ~ \\mathrm { \\ m m }$ (PHOTONIS MCP40/12/10/8I60‚à∂1EDRKBR6, P46), having center-to-center spacing of $1 2 \\ \\mu \\mathrm { m }$ nominal and pore size of $1 0... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | Additional studies will investigate the addition of a higherorder RF dechirping cavity at the exit of the gun combined with a same-order decelerating cavity at the sample to mitigate some of these issues. This harmonic cavity can also be used for additional chirp-control in the diffraction line. RESULTS Gun and Deceler... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | Table: Caption: Table 2: Radiator Parameters TUPL: Tuesday Poster Session: TUPL Body: <html><body><table><tr><td></td><td>R1</td><td>R2</td><td>R3</td><td>Unit</td></tr><tr><td>Pulse wavelength</td><td>13.5</td><td>6.75</td><td>4.5</td><td>nm</td></tr><tr><td>Period length</td><td>2</td><td>1.5</td><td>1</td><td>cm</... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | Selection of Operating Point For the operation of hard $\\mathbf { \\boldsymbol { x } }$ -ray self seeding (HXRSS) [9, 10], the SASE2 undulator beamline at European XFEL features two intra-undulator stations combining a magnetic chicane with the possibility to insert and precisely position diamond crystals on the optic... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | EXPERIMENTAL SETUP The layout is shown schematically in Fig. 1. The probe is derived from a regeneratively amplifed Ti:sapphire laser (few ${ \\mu \\mathrm { J } }$ , $8 0 0 \\ \\mathrm { n m }$ , 50 fs) that is synchronised with the $( 3 5 ~ \\mathrm { M e V / c }$ , 1-150 pC, $1 0 ~ \\mathrm { H z }$ ) electron beam ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | To meet the requested performance, in-vacuum undulators (IVU) of $5 ~ \\mathrm { \\ m m }$ aperture will be used. Simulations show that IVUs with $\\mathrm { k } _ { \\mathrm { m a x } } { = } 2$ and $2 0 \\mathrm { m m }$ period at $2 . 4 \\mathrm { G e V }$ will provide the 7th, 9th, 11th and 13th harmonics with the ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | METHODS The use of an external cavity diode laser as a probe introduces two mechanisms for changing the laser emission center wavelength: injection current modulation (fast) and mechanical cavity adjustments (slow). As shown in Fig. 4, we have implement the Littman-Metcalf design for constructing an external cavity TLD... | 1 | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | In his simulations, the OAP mirror radius was $R { = } 7 6 . 2$ mm with $\\theta _ { O A } = 6 ^ { \\circ }$ , the central wavelength $\\lambda _ { 0 } = 8 0 0 n m$ , $\\sigma _ { \\lambda } = 3 0$ nm, and the wavelength spectrum in the range between $6 1 8 ~ \\mathrm { n m }$ and $1 , 1 3 0 ~ \\mathrm { n m }$ in incr... | 4 | NO | 1 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | Alternatively the independent focusing could be achieved by reducing the focusing of the offset quadrupole and then reinstating the bending angle through horizontal-dipole trim coils or coils directly on the vacuum chamber. Table 3 summarises the offset quadrupole properties during commissioning optics and nominal opti... | 1 | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | (Ex) [V/m] 0.5 0 三三三 × -0.5 0 500 1000 (Ez)[mV/m] 0.5 4 0 2 0 0 × -2 -0.5 0 500 1000 Z-Z。[nm] R(Ex) [V/m] R(Eγ) [V/m] 1 0. 8 0.。 @ C y -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0 0.5 -0.5 0 0.5 R(Bx） [nT] R(Bγ) [nT] 0.5 @ 0.5 5 0 0 o y -0.5 -0.5 I -0.5 0 0.5 -0.5 0 0.5 x [mm] x [mm] (E,)[mV/m... | 1 | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | EXPERIMENTAL SETUP The experimental setup is depicted in Figure 1. We used a mode-locked laser at $1 0 3 0 \\mathrm { - n m }$ center wavelength and ${ \\sim } 3 6 – \\mathrm { M H z }$ pulse repetition rate as the laser source for our experiments. An optical isolator was positioned following the Yb laser to mit... | 1 | NO | 0 |
Expert | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | Collection Range. The measured Gaussian spectrum from Figure 3a can be explained by the limited numerical aperture of the collection fiber. Smith‚àíPurcell radiation that is emitted in the nonperpendicular direction is offset from the optical axis for collection. This leads to a loss in collection efficiency, which we ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
Expert | What target wavelength was the inverse-designed Smith-Purcell grating optimized for? | Approximately 1.4 ?m | Fact | haeusler-et-al-2022-boosting-the-efficiency-of-smith-purcell-radiators-using-nanophotonic-inverse-design.pdf | allows to design the spectrum $( \\omega )$ , spatial distribution $\\mathbf { \\Pi } ( \\mathbf { r } )$ , and polarization (e) of radiation by favoring one kind $| \\mathbf { e } { \\cdot } \\mathbf { E } ( \\mathbf { r } , \\omega ) |$ and penalizing others, $- | \\mathbf { e } ^ { \\prime } { \\boldsymbol { \\cdot ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ \\begin{array} { l } { \\displaystyle 0 = \\frac { d } { d s } F _ { n } ( z , p _ { z } ; s ) } \\\\ { = \\frac { \\partial F _ { n } } { \\partial s } + \\alpha _ { c } p _ { z } \\frac { \\partial F _ { n } } { \\partial z } + \\left[ \\mathcal { F } ( z ) + \\frac { \\Delta _ { p _ { z } } } { c T _ { 0 } } \\ri... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | Governing Equation The basic governing equations include the continuity equation, the momentum equation and the energy equation. We apply the k-ε turbulence model [4] and SIMPLEC to solve the velocity and pressure problem. Mass conservation equation (continuity equation) $$ \\frac { \\partial \\rho } { \\partial t } +... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ A = \\frac { \\langle E _ { f } \\rangle - \\langle E _ { i } \\rangle } { L _ { \\mathrm { p l a s m a } } } $$ In the FACET-II portion of the SLAC linear accelerator, bunches of electrons are accelerated using RF cavity acceleration over the course of the one km long beamline before they reach an experimental cham... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ where $\\Phi _ { i } ( \\mathbf { p } )$ denotes the multivariate PC basis corresponding to the PDF used to model the input variations. Once the polynomial coefficients are found by eq. (5), the expectation value and variance can be estimated using $$ \\mathbb { E } \\left[ { f \\left( { \\bf p } \\right) } \\right]... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ The lowercase letters represent the reflection or transmission coefficients for each port, and the phase of RF power in each cell must be required as shown in Eq. (1), otherwise $\\theta$ is not allowed to be the arbitrary angle. If the power parallel- coupled structure exists, the ideal power transmission is recipr... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ \\rho ( q , t + \\Delta t ) = \\int \\psi ( q , p , t + \\Delta t ) \\mathrm { d } p . $$ Equation 12 can be expressed in discrete terms utilizing a projection matrix, $\\mathbf { W }$ , as follows: $$ s : = N \\times x + y + 1 , $$ $$ \\rho \\left( x , t + \\Delta t \\right) = \\mathbf { W } \\cdot \\boldsymbol { \... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | The operator D is calculated by approximating the first and second derivatives of phase space to momentum, as shown in Eq. 7, using the derivatives of the Lagrange polynomials [13]. $$ \\begin{array} { c } { \\displaystyle \\frac { \\partial \\psi } { \\partial t } = \\beta _ { d } \\frac \\partial { \\partial p } ( p ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ where Rs represents the cavity shunt impedance, $\\mathbf { S } _ { 2 1 }$ is the power ratio of transmitted power to input power of the cavity in decibel, $\\rho$ is the reflection coefficient of the cavity, Vt.LLRF and Pt.LLRF represent the voltage and power measured at the controller input respectively, while $\\... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | 1 Compute Power 1/6 short-range 1/6 long-range ùêø/3 drift 1/3 short-range 1/3 long-range ùêø 3 drift 1/3 short-range 1/3 long-range ùêø/3 drift 1/6 short-range 1/6 long-range Compute Power and/or betatron oscillation (PLACET1 does o!er a full 6D bunch model alternative, but not with an option to compute wakefields)... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ The various parameters here are just constant that are evaluated at each step, the only variables are $x$ and $y$ . When this potential passes through the Lie transform $e ^ { t : p _ { x } ^ { 2 } + p _ { y } ^ { 2 } + H _ { 2 } : } H _ { 2 }$ the part of interest in the result is the sum of powers of sin and cos m... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ For a storage ring collider with bunch spacing $S _ { B }$ ， bunches collide periodically with frequency $f _ { c } = \\beta c / S _ { B }$ and $s _ { 0 } = c t$ ，excluding the dynamical effects, the luminosity is defined as $\\begin{array} { r } { L = P _ { 0 } \\int \\iiint _ { - \\infty } ^ { \\infty } d x d ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
Expert | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | We begin our analysis by considering an electron (charge $- e$ ) of constant velocity $\\nu \\hat { \\mathbf { x } }$ traversing a generic scatterer (plasmonic or dielectric, finite or extended) of arbitrary size and material composition, as in Fig. 1a. The free current density of the electron, ${ \\bf \\dot { J } } ( ... | 1 | NO | 0 |
Expert | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | The limit in equation (4) can be further simplified by removing the shape dependence of $V$ , since the integrand is positive and is thus bounded above by the same integral for any enclosing structure. A scatterer separated from the electron by a minimum distance $d$ can be enclosed within a larger concentric hollow cy... | 1 | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ r _ { \\mathrm { e f f } } ( k , t , \\beta ) = r ( k ) \\mathcal { T } ( k , t , \\beta ) ^ { 2 } . $$ At this point, it shall be pointed out that shunt impedance is defined as: $$ R ( k ) = r ( k ) L = \\frac { V _ { \\mathrm { a c c } } ( k ) ^ { 2 } } { P _ { \\mathrm { d i s s } } ( k ) } , $$ with $V _ { \\mat... | 1 | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | $$ E _ { y } = E _ { o } e ^ { i \\omega t } \\left( c _ { f } e ^ { i \\overline { { n } } \\overline { { e } } _ { \\mathrm { P C } } k x } + c _ { b } e ^ { - i \\bar { n } _ { \\mathrm { P C } } k x } \\right) $$ where $c _ { f }$ and $\\boldsymbol { c } _ { b }$ are the coefficients of the forward and backward tra... | 4 | NO | 1 |
Expert | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | To overcome this deficiency, we theoretically propose a new mechanism for enhanced Smith–Purcell radiation: coupling of electrons with $\\mathrm { B I C } s ^ { 1 3 }$ . The latter have the extreme quality factors of guided modes but are, crucially, embedded in the radiation continuum, guaranteeing any resulting Smit... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
Expert | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | A surprising feature of the limits in equations (4), (5a) and (5b) is their prediction for optimal electron velocities. As shown in Fig. 1c, when electrons are in the far field of the structure $( \\kappa _ { \\rho } d \\gg 1 )$ , stronger photon emission and energy loss are achieved by faster electrons—a well-known ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
Expert | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | The BIC-enhancement mechanism is entirely accordant with our upper limits. Practically, silicon has non-zero loss across the visible and near-infrared wavelengths. For example, for a period of $a = 6 7 6 \\mathrm { n m }$ , the optimally enhanced radiation wavelength is $\\approx 1 { , } 0 5 0 \\mathrm { n m }$ , at wh... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
Expert | What three power quantities (Ploss, Pabs, Prad) are defined in the theoretical framework, and what do they represent? | Ploss is the total power lost by the electron; Pabs is the power absorbed by the medium; Prad = Ploss - Pabs is the power radiated to the far field. | Definition | Maximal_spontaneous_photon_emission_and_energy_loss_from_free_electrons.pdf | Next, we specialize in the canonical Smith–Purcell set-up illustrated in Fig. 1e inset. This set-up warrants a particularly close study, given its prominent historical and practical role in free-electron radiation. Aside from the shape-independent limit (equations (5a) and (5b)), we can find a sharper limit (in per u... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What was the observed bandwidth (FWHM) of the THz radiation? | Approximately 9% | Fact | hermann-et-al-2022-inverse-designed-narrowband-thz-radiator-for-ultrarelativistic-electrons.pdf | FIRST EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS Variation of the delay between the two seed pulses leads to minima and maxima of the coherently emitted THz signal [20, 21]. At the highest maximum, a dip in the THz signal indicates overlap between the two pulses, because the number of contributing electrons drops, as shown in the example of... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What was the observed bandwidth (FWHM) of the THz radiation? | Approximately 9% | Fact | hermann-et-al-2022-inverse-designed-narrowband-thz-radiator-for-ultrarelativistic-electrons.pdf | The measured frequencies were $1 8 6 . 8 ~ \\mathrm { G H z }$ and 195.8 GHz for the $\\mathrm { T M } _ { 0 1 }$ mode and $\\mathrm { H E } _ { 1 1 }$ mode, respectively, as compared to the design frequencies of $1 8 0 \\mathrm { G H z }$ and $1 9 0 \\mathrm { G H z }$ [4]. These measurements fall within the expected ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What was the observed bandwidth (FWHM) of the THz radiation? | Approximately 9% | Fact | hermann-et-al-2022-inverse-designed-narrowband-thz-radiator-for-ultrarelativistic-electrons.pdf | Experimental Setup For the experimental SRR Compact-TDS setup, a TPF THz generation setup was designed and aligned on a portable module [4] as illustrated in Fig. 2. Here, the input infrared beam wavefront is tilted via a diffraction grating and imaged into the LiN crystal by a $4 { \\cdot } f .$ -telescope system cons... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What was the observed bandwidth (FWHM) of the THz radiation? | Approximately 9% | Fact | hermann-et-al-2022-inverse-designed-narrowband-thz-radiator-for-ultrarelativistic-electrons.pdf | Figure 7 shows the THz pulse energy normalized to the first measurement value as well as the relative humidity over time when the filtration system was turned on. It can be noted that after only about 4 hours, the relative humidity in the volume could be decreased by roughly $10 \\%$ resulting in a THz pulse energy gai... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What was the observed bandwidth (FWHM) of the THz radiation? | Approximately 9% | Fact | hermann-et-al-2022-inverse-designed-narrowband-thz-radiator-for-ultrarelativistic-electrons.pdf | File Name:OBSERVATION_OF_COHERENT_TERAHERTZ_BURSTS.pdf OBSERVATION OF COHERENT TERAHERTZ BURSTSDURING LOW-ENERGY OPERATION OF DELTA∗ C. Mai†, B. Büsing, S. Khan, A. Radha Krishnan, W. Salah1, Z. Usfoor,V. Vijayan, Center for Synchrotron Radiation (DELTA), TU Dortmund University, Germany 1on leave from Department o... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What was the observed bandwidth (FWHM) of the THz radiation? | Approximately 9% | Fact | hermann-et-al-2022-inverse-designed-narrowband-thz-radiator-for-ultrarelativistic-electrons.pdf | BEAM TRANSPORT OPTIMIZATION In order to increase the THz pulse energy coupled into the resonator, the THz beam transport from crystal to the interaction point was improved. Terahertz Optics In the previous design of the TPF module, ZEONEX was chosen as THz lens material, because it exhibits high transmittance and a sim... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | What was the observed bandwidth (FWHM) of the THz radiation? | Approximately 9% | Fact | hermann-et-al-2022-inverse-designed-narrowband-thz-radiator-for-ultrarelativistic-electrons.pdf | NFTHZ has developed a narrow-band THz-FEL capable of tuning its radiation wavelength across a wide range. This instrument relies on a compact electron linear accelerator and utilizes laser pulse shaping technology to generate high-quality electron bunches. The pre-bunched ultrashort electron beam traverses the undulato... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
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