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b3abeea7-7099-43a6-a7a7-511dbc41f7c5 | Involvement of the joints of hand is relatively uncommon in which of following ahritis? | Ankylosing spondylitis | Reactive ahritis | Psoriatic ahritis | Rheumatoid ahritis | 0a | single | Joints involved in ankylosing spondylitisAnkylosing spondylitis primarily affects the axial skeletonThe disease usually begins in the sacroiliac joints and usually extends upwards to involve the lumbar, thoracic, and often cervical spineIn the worst cases, the hips or shoulders are also affected. The hip joint is the m... | Orthopaedics | All India exam |
d7721e32-bf89-4bb7-9a03-67448742bf3d | The best investigation for colorectal carcinoma - | Exfoliative cytology | Air contrast barium enema | Ultrasound | Colonoscopy and biopsy | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
0d6277b2-8c3a-4174-82a1-09b4ded897c0 | Which of the following is not true about ACE inhibitors? | Used in asthma | Increase quality of life | Postural hypotension is seen | Na level decrease | 2c | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
0bd35e48-62db-4c8f-ae9c-64648f045f98 | Asymptomatic gonorrhoea in females is due to infections of : | Vagina | Urethra | Endocervix | Fundus | 2c | single | Endocervix | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
5df9ef5c-32ce-407f-9604-c87a2e83373d | Orphan drugs are:- | Commercially easy to obtain | Drugs to treat rare diseases | Developed with an intention of monetary gain | All of the above | 1b | multi | * Orphan drugs are defined as the medicines which are unlikely to be developed by pharmaceutical industry due to economic reasons but which respond to public health needs. * Orphan drug is developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition (affecting fewer than 200,000 people), the condition itself being referred... | Pharmacology | Pharmacodynamics |
a10e555a-800e-466d-8bf6-545e33478772 | Renal collar which surrounds the aoa has its two limbs split by - | Left renal vein | Left renal aery | Isthumus of horseshoe kidney | All of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Left renal vein The left renal vein normally passes anterior to the aoa to join the I.V.C. However sometimes the left renal vein may divide and send one limb anterior and one posterior to the aoa to reach the inferior vena cava k/a venal collar representing persistence of embryological state. Also rem... | Surgery | null |
5a6e37a7-2877-41c6-b075-b507cfa83f93 | Which of the following drug is an Immunostimulant? | Prednisolone | Levamisol | Cyclosporine | Thalidomide | 1b | single | (Ref: Goodman & Gliman 11/e p1422) All other drugs listed in the options posses immunosuppressant propeies. | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
5b7f5e6f-870b-4690-a5ec-3a7dd3cd48cc | OCP's are contraindicated in A/E : | Smoking 35 years | Coronary occlusion | Polycystic ovarian ds | Cerebro vascular ds | 2c | single | Ans. is c i.e. Polycystic ovarian disease | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
41495777-2894-4317-b625-a955be5396d1 | Japanese encephalitis vaccine is: | Live attenuated | Inactivated toxoid | Cellular fractions | Combined | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Live attenuatedRef : K. Park 23rd ed. / 286-87* JE vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine. It is available in killed vaccine form also.* Strain: SA 14-14-2- liveNakayama strain- killed* One dose of JE vaccine is given at 16-24 months of age.Also Know* MC live vaccine used: BCG* MC killed vaccine used: Pertusis* ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Principles of Immunization and Vaccination |
fd2816b5-6580-4168-b2ea-189524732d12 | Which of the following is not a sign of reversible cell injury? | ATP depletion | Cell shrinkage | Fatty acid deposition | Reduction of phosphorylation | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Cell shrinkage(Ref: Robbins 9th/38;8th/pg 17)Features of reversible cell injury seen in light microscopy are cellular swelling and fatty change.Cell shrinkage is a feature of apoptosis (cell death) | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
34e4535e-4967-4484-ab47-9d75d24e726b | The tooth bud for the third molar is initiated at about the age of: | 6th month I.U | 1st year of life | 2nd year of life | 8th year of life | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
f95a3179-0ca0-465e-9de2-32944758f009 | Most common site for minor salivary glands tumor is: | Lip | Floor of oral mucosa | Hard palate | Gingivolabial folds | 2c | single | null | Surgery | null |
2f844c59-f5e0-4072-9d19-6bd4baca6a37 | Wormian bones are not noted in - | Fibrous dysplasia | Osteogenesis inperfecta | Cretinism | Rickets | 0a | single | Wormian bones
Wormian bones are extra bone pieces that occur within a suture in the cranium.
These are irregular isolated bones which appear in addition to the usual centres of ossification of the cranium.
They occur most frequently in the course of the lambdoid suture.
Causes of Wormian bones (Mnemonic - PORKCHOPS)
... | Orthopaedics | null |
e3bf752b-0339-40d5-950b-412f182cba4c | Hidradenitis suppurativa is a disease of: | Eccrine sweat glands | Apocrine sweat glands | Kaposi sarcoma | Hair follicles | 1b | single | Hidradenitis suppurativa is chronic inflammation and secondary infection of apocrine sweat glands Aetiology : Unknown ,common in post-pubeal females, maybe inherited(AD in some families) C/F Rare chronic painful skin condition with inflammation of the skin at sites rich in apocrine glands (axilla, groin, natal cleft) O... | Dental | Disorders of sebaceous and sweat glands |
3ee97e14-cca4-4712-8080-8611d71adf61 | Positive G effect ? | Red out | Black out | Increased cerebral aerial pressure | Increased cardiac output | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Black outEffects of positive G:Venous return decreases --> hence, cardiac output decreases.Blood rushes towards lower limbs --> hence increased pressure in lower limb vessels.Blood is drawn away from upper body --> hence decreased cerebral aerial pressure.At very high positive G:Difficulty in blood fl... | Physiology | null |
543807e9-a25d-44e2-bd9f-f2ae3c46ee5c | All of the following are preschool age problems EXCEPT: March 2013 (b, c, d) | Sleeping disorde | Temper tantrum | Pica | Stuttering | 1b | multi | Ans. B i.e. Temper tantrum Temper tantrum reaches its peak point during second and third year of life and gradually subsides in between 3-6 years as the child learns to control his negativism and complies to the request of others | Pediatrics | null |
a32e6674-ea4e-47de-b214-46fc0e632f3e | Squamous cell carcinoma spreads commonly via - | Implantation | Hematogenous spread | Lymphatic spread | Trancoelomic spread | 2c | single | null | Pathology | null |
e8e0a6a1-2652-4e75-9be0-5e79dbf0aa55 | Function of UGA codon - | Initiates transcription | Translates | Terminates protein synthesis | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Terminates protein synthesis o Termination (stop/nonsense) codons signal to terminate the translation. These are 3 stop codons UAA, UGA and UAGo Initiation codon - AUGo Stop codons (termination codons or nonsense codons) - UAA, UGA, UA G | Biochemistry | Chemistry of Nucleotides |
d37f7d4a-22fd-4b56-80cd-ef86d68c3b84 | Most common site of intracranial metastasis is from primary carcinoma of | Breast | Lungs | Stomach | Testes | 1b | single | MC brain tumor is metastasis,arising from - (1) Oat cell Ca lung/small cell Ca lung (2) Ca Breast (3) M. Melanoma MC 1deg Brain tumour- Glioma MC benign brain tumour - Meningioma | Medicine | FMGE 2018 |
a1e12ebc-5433-4c38-949f-df711d200c26 | Regarding S3 heart sound all are true except | May be physiological | Due to early diastolic filling of ventricles | S3 is heard in acute MR | Seen in Conditions associated with increased preload | 2c | multi | S3 is heard in chronic MR (not in acute MR) | Medicine | null |
49c23a01-6c83-4c86-9fad-c1a1295940a7 | A 65-year-old diabetic woman develops weakness on the left side of the face, right arm,and right leg. She also has diplopia on left lateral gaze. What is the site of lesion? | Right pons | Left pons | Right midbrain | Left midbrain | 1b | single | Weakness on the left side of the face Weakness of the right sides of arm and leg | Crossed hemiplegia / Millard gubler syndrome. Pontine stroke. I/L 6th N. palsy- Diplopia on looking laterally I/L 7th N. palsy- facial paralysis but sensations not affected Coicospinal tract damage in pons will lead to C/L hemiplegia in ... | Medicine | Stroke and TIA |
bab08deb-206d-41e4-b4a6-00dd1a34e9d6 | Buerger's Disease is | Non - progressive | Segmental | Non - inflammatory | Atherosclerotic | 1b | single | Buerger's Disease is non atherosclerotic inflammatory disorder involving medium sized and distal vessels. It is segmental, progressive , occlusive, inflammatory disease. | Surgery | null |
56c78e1f-4067-46a8-80dc-3b3c2cac3b08 | Most common nerve to be damaged in dislocation of shoulder is : | Axillary nerve | Radial nerve | Median nerve | Musculocutaneous nerve | 0a | single | A i.e. Axillary Nerve | Surgery | null |
08b89b55-502f-4d82-95c0-a2212e1270c4 | Most common cause of stridor in infant and young children – | Abductor palsy | Croup | Laryngomalacia | Epiglottitis | 2c | single | Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital laryngeal anomaly.
It is the most common cause of stridor in infants and children. | Pediatrics | null |
30158fed-b58e-4230-83e7-6b7c2a0b3007 | Mallory denk bodies are seen in all except | Wilson's disease | Alcoholic fatty liver disease | Non alcoholic fatty liver disease | Hemochromatosis | 3d | multi | Mallory denk bodies are not seen in Hemochromatosis and 2o biliary cirrhosis. | Pathology | null |
3f8bd29d-073d-4c79-9365-58edb62cd041 | Which of the following statement is not true about NSAIDs | Acetylsalicylic acid is an Irreversible inhibitors of Cox enzyme acetylsalicylic acid is an Irreversible inhibitors of Cox enzyme | Acetylsalicylic acid reduces in Vivo synthesis of prostaglandins | Its clearance is independent of Plasma concentration | Antiplatelet effect of low dose aspirin is related to pre systemic Cox inhibition | 2c | multi | Acetylsalicylic acid (asprin) is an Irreversible inhibition of COX enzyme. IT results in inhibition of prostaglandin and TX synthesis at low doses for (40 to 325 milligrams) it exes antiplatelet action. this drug shows saturation kinetics at high doses that is kinetics changes from first order to zero order. therefore ... | Pharmacology | Autacoids |
e8cd6b5a-5056-4fd4-85ab-444fa290928d | Rothera&;s test used for detection of | Proteins | Glucose | Fatty acid | Ketones | 3d | single | The presence of ketosis can be established by the detection of ketone bodies in urine by Rothera&;s test.Rothera&;s test: Saturate 5 mL of urine with solid ammonium sulfate. Add a few drops of freshly prepared sodium nitroprusside followed by 2 mL of liquor ammonia along the sides of the test tube. Development of a pur... | Biochemistry | miscellaneous |
c8f2f6ca-4e81-4d34-b7c4-b5e51d8632c1 | A man weighing 70 kg has a hematocrit of 45%. What would he his approximate plasma volume? | 2310 mL | 2695 mL | 2890 mL | 3080 mL | 3d | single | Ans. (d) 3080mL(Ref: Ganong Review of medical physiology, 21st ed p.2)8% of body weight is blood volumeSo, here for 70 kg man, Blood volume is 5.6 Litres (70*8/100)Blood Volume = Plasma volume/1-hematocritSo, Plasma volume = Blood volume*(1-hematocrit)Here, Plasma volume =5.6*(1-0.45)=3080mL | Physiology | General |
813abbf9-2842-4fd0-ab21-ef863eb9bdb1 | Median nerve supplies all muscles of the thumb except - | Abductor-pollicis-brevis | Flexor-pollicis-brevis | Opponens pollicis | Adductor pollicis | 3d | multi | Median nerve supply in hand
- Flexor pollicis brevis
- Opponens pollicis
- Abductor pollicis brevis
First two lumbricals
Adductor pollicis is supplied by Ulnar nerve | Anatomy | null |
ab8aa60d-3032-4590-9eb6-b432d5e25e6e | Secondary glaucoma in early stage of herpes zoster ephthalmicus occurs due to: | Trabeculitis | Iridocyclitis | Haemorrhagic hypopyon | Hypersecretion of aqueous humour | 0a | single | Ans. Trabeculitis | Ophthalmology | null |
ee472006-4c8f-4dc1-baf6-78e0b5e72034 | Sodium content in mmol/L in WHO oral rehydration solution is - | 20 | 80 | 90 | 111 | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 90 | Pediatrics | null |
5f4d2928-eff3-400e-a5a9-e17f6a9cb585 | Division of long thoracic nerve results in | Inability to retract the scapula | Wasting of pectoralis major muscle | Weakness of adduction of humerus | Winging of scapula | 3d | single | Nerve to serratus anterior is also called long thoracic nerve(C5,C6,C7). A)Serratus anterior muscle along with the pectoralis minor pulls the scapula forwards around the chest wall to protract the upperlimb. B)The fibres inseed into the inferior angle of the scapula pull it forwards and rotate the scapula so that the g... | Anatomy | Thorax |
05bcd2ff-0b8e-460c-932c-e349153f7419 | Epidemic dropsy is caused by | Sanguinarine | Ergot | Alkaloid | BOAA | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Sanguinarine | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and Health |
47cd7810-d31f-4b29-979b-45635195fe40 | Patient is having scanty, foul smelling discharge from middle ear, develops fever, headache and neck rigidity. CT of the temporal lobe shows a localized ring enhancing lesion, which of the following is least likely cause of this condition? | S. aureus | Pseudomonas | S.Pneumoniae | H. influenza | 3d | single | Commonest organisms in otogenic brain abscess include gram negative (Proteus, E coli, Pseudomonas) and anaerobic bacteria along with Staphylococcus and Pneumocci. H. Influenza infection is a rare cause of otogenic abscess. | ENT | null |
232792cb-b1de-4aab-84f7-ef28f7110972 | A 36-year-old woman has a cough and fever for 1 week. On physical examination, her temperature is 38.3deg C. She has diffuse crackles in all lung fields. A chest radiograph shows bilateral extensive infiltrates. CBC shows hemoglobin, 13.9 g/ dL; hematocrit, 42%; MCV, 89 mm3; platelet count, 210,000/mm3; and WBC count, ... | Chronic myelogenous leukemia | Hairy cell leukemia | Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion type | Leukemoid reaction | 3d | multi | Marked leukocytosis and immature myeloid cells in the peripheral blood can represent an exaggerated response to infection (leukemoid reaction), or it can be a manifestation of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Normal maturation of myeloid cells in the marrow rules out CML. Although not provided in this case, a leukoc... | Pathology | Blood |
35234bb9-1aa3-4cff-88ea-2b7f3625db1e | Secondary prevention is applicable to ? | Causal factors | Early stage of disease | Late stage of disease | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e.,Early stage of disease Primordial prevention - Before risk factor present.Primary prevention - Before onset of disease (risk factor present).Secondary prevention - In early stage of disease.Teiary prevention - Late stage of disease. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ccc6cd04-a065-4601-8550-136e30fffa03 | A leukemia patient who has undergone multiple courses of chemotherapy develops herpes simplex encephalitis. Which of the following would you expect a CT scan of the patient's brain to show? | Generalized volume loss | Volume loss selectively in the basal ganglia | Volume loss selectively in the brainstem | Volume loss selectively in the temporal and frontal lobes | 3d | single | Herpes simplex can cause a necrotizing, hemorrhagic acute encephalitis that may rapidly produce death. The encephalitis characteristically involves the lower poions of the cerebral coex, notably the temporal lobes and the base of the frontal lobes, possibly because the infection spreads from the oropharynx. Ref: Ropper... | Medicine | null |
db6a4fc9-b443-4043-aaf9-e364faf7a187 | Diarrhoea syndrome in an AIDS patient can be d/t – a) Rota virusb) Cryptosporac) Adenovirusd) E. soli | ab | a | ad | bc | 0a | single | Agents commonly causing diarrhea in HIV patient.
Rota virus
Isospora
Cryptosporidium
Cyclospora
Microsporidium
Giardia Lambi
Bacterial pathogens | Pediatrics | null |
984a8b25-b8c4-4aae-bfb6-625be5d28ca7 | Position that is least likely possible by means of bilateral saggital split osteotomy is | Advancement | Set back | Rotation | Transverse | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
c4bd1268-abae-4f12-bb8e-82a2cf060c4d | Physiological jaundice of newborn may be managed by all except - | Metalloporphyrin | Phenytoin sodium | Phototherapy | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. b (Phenytoin sodium). (Ref. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 17th ed., 593, 597) # Jaundice during the 1st 24 hrs of life warrants diagnostic evaluation and should be considered to be due to hemolysis until proved otherwise. Septicemia and intrauterine infections such as syphilis, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasmosis s... | Unknown | null |
992646b8-2d5b-4a85-b058-30ffb6b3511f | 1, 25 (OH)2 Cholecalciferol is formed in- | Skin | Liver | Spleen | Kidney | 3d | single | 25-hydroxy Cholecalciferol is formed in liver Whereas 1, 25 (OH)2 Cholecalciferol is formed in kidneys. Additional edge on synthesis of Vitamin D: Activation of 7-dehydro cholesterol by UV light in skin produces Cholecalciferol 25-hydroxylation in liver to form 25-hydroxy cholecalciferol 1-alpha- hydroxylation in kidne... | Biochemistry | Vitamins and Minerals |
41a747eb-3827-4dcf-bb4e-6090f9b704b5 | Most common cause of obstruction in atrophic rhinitis is: | Excessive formation of crust | Polyp | Synechiae | Hypertrophy of turbinate | 0a | single | (a) Excessive formation of crust(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 695)The excessive crusting leads to nasal obstruction in spite of roomy cavities.On removal of crusts there is bleeding. But there is no synechiae formation. There is no polypoidal change . | ENT | Rhinitis |
b1d4887d-8229-4af1-89e6-a435e4cc09e2 | Which of the following does not cause hemorrhagic conjunctivitis – | Adenovirus | Coxsackie – 24 | Enterovirus – 70 | Papilloma virus | 3d | single | Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is caused by picornaviruses (Enterovirus - 70, coxsackievirus A24) and sometimes Adenovirus type 11. | Ophthalmology | null |
21e9a60d-8b45-4410-bfbc-1f78b4219f99 | A patient with acute leukaemia is admitted with febrile neutropenia. On day four of being treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, his fever increases. X-ray chest shows bilateral fluffy infiltrates. Which of the following should be the most appropriate next step in the management | Add antiviral therapy | Add antifungal therapy | Add cotrimoxazole | Continue chemotheraphy | 1b | multi | Cotrimoxazole is an antibiotic. As the patient is immunocompromised, most probable oppounistic infection is a fungal infection. And X-Ray shows fluffy infiltrates is suggestive of fungal infection. So antifungals are to be added. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition | Microbiology | mycology |
d74d4814-098b-4866-8117-50149c5a9e50 | A population is divided into relevant subgroups and random sample selection is done from each of the subgroups. This is which type of sampling method? | Systematic random sampling | Stratified random sampling | Simple random sampling | Cluster sampling | 1b | single | - in stratified random sample, the sample is deliberately drawn in a systematic way so that each poion of the sample represents a corresponding strata of the universe. - this method is paicularly useful where one is interested in analysing the data by a ceain characteristic of the population. Reference : Park's textboo... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
197c922c-6f02-4ff8-9629-2e82f40864a8 | In thin basement membrane disease, the defect is in | a1 and a2 chains of type IV collagen | a3 and a4 chains of type IV collagen | a1 and a2 chains of type VI collagen | a3 and a4 chains of type VI collagen | 1b | single | TBM disease (also known as benign familial hematuria and thin basement membrane nephropathy) is, along with IgA nephropathy, the most common cause of blood in the urine without any other symptoms. The only abnormal finding in this diseaseis a thinning of the basement membrane of the glomeruli (filters) in the kidneys. ... | Pathology | Urinary tract |
36bb2006-8baf-4b25-bb66-d1bb860b8539 | A newborn presenting with intestinal obstruction showed on abdominal X-ray, multiple air fluid levels. The diagnosis is not likely to be- | Pyloric obstruction | Duodenal atresia | Illeal atresia | Ladd \\ s bands | 0a | single | A i.e. Pyloric obstruction | Radiology | null |
ade5ddec-73fa-487b-9958-4e76ff78a830 | Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) is seen in | Rheumatoid arthritis | Diabetes mellitus | Wegener’s Granulomatosis | Churg-Strauss syndrome | 2c | single | PR3-ANCAs are also present in up to 95% of cases; they are a useful marker of disease activity and may participate in Wegener’s granulomatosis. | Pathology | null |
83939c0a-197b-440a-a8f8-7e37f4f33371 | Patient with jaundice and white stools. Which of the following enzymes is not raised | 5' nucleotidase | Alkaline phosphatase | Glutamate reductase | Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase | 2c | single | Large increase in gamma glutamyl transferase and ALP ours biliary obstruction (Davidson; page 929) 5&;nucleotidase rise parallels ALP but more specific for diseases of hepatic origin (Harsh mohan page 594) | Medicine | G.I.T |
b8b6cb77-cdd4-4633-a890-ee94c0feb74c | Least clearance is for among these | Glucose | Inulin | Urea | Creatinine | 0a | single | Glucose is completely reabsorbed in proximal tubules. So its clearance is zero. | Physiology | null |
a6bee775-12c8-4675-a3f2-15c51cd3990d | Characteristics of glycoprotein: | Protein linked with glycosidic bond | Core protein | Sugar residues are long in carbohydrate poion of glycoprotein | None | 0a | multi | A i.e. Protein linked with glycosidic bond | Biochemistry | null |
7e822c2e-b62b-4f0e-9306-9b5ec1ff9ca7 | At what age baby with congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis show symptoms | At the time of birth | First week | 3rd to 4th week | Second month | 2c | single | Baby show the symptoms of projectile vomiting, olive shaped mass and visible peristalsis | Surgery | null |
89500db2-ff0d-4895-a9cf-86fb6c58d465 | All of the following may be used to treat hypercalcemia, except: | Normal saline with forced diuresis with chlohiazide | Plicamycin | Gallium nitrate | Mitramycin | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Normal saline with forced diuresis with Thiazides): Thiazide diuretics should not be used in cases of hypercalcemia as these may themselves cause hypercalcemia. | Medicine | null |
f5e78622-1e8a-4e33-a166-676c72d4c3f0 | The most commonly practiced operative procedure for a perforated duodenal ulcer is - | Vagotomy and pyloroplasty | Vagotomy and antrectomy | Vagotomy and perforation closure | Graham's omentum patch repair | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Graham's omentum patch repair | Surgery | null |
d54ab332-7771-48fd-8721-be014089d3fa | Donovan bodies are: | Leukocytes that contain the organism, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis | EosinophiLs that contain the organism, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis | Monocytes that contain the organism, Haemophilus influenza | Monocytes that contain the organism, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis | 3d | single | Monocytes that contain the organism, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis | Microbiology | null |
60dc935f-82bf-49e1-aa25-58a037bb5f42 | Which of the following structures seen in the cavernous sinus? | Maxillary division of V nerve | Mandibular division of V nerve | Internal carotid aery | Trochlear nerve | 2c | single | Ans. c. Internal carotid aery | Anatomy | null |
71873be2-d2fa-4f70-bb70-f2b08942ecf9 | A symptom of medullary sponge kidney disease is - | Nocturia | Anemia | Azotemia | UTI | 3d | single | Medullary sponge kidney is a congenital disorder characterized by cystic dilatation of papillary collecting ducts of one or both kidneys. Urinary stasis in the dilated ducts, hypocitraturia, and, occasionally, incomplete distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) contribute to the formation of small calcium-containing calcul... | Surgery | null |
53b6d52f-ce67-475e-9f14-5731aa6bfb3b | Tardieu spots are a feature of which of the following forms of death? | Cyanide poisoning | Mechanical asphyxia | Cobra bite | Organophosphate poisoning | 1b | single | Tardieu spots or petechial haemorrhages are pinhead size bleeding spots occurring as a result of rupture of venules and are most commonly seen in sclera, conjunctiva or on serous membranes. It is seen in case of mechanical asphyxia. Ref: Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology By V.V Pillay, 15th Edition, Page 275 | Forensic Medicine | null |
286c7f83-dc51-4a9d-b407-b36c60de36e7 | Metastasis in neuroblastoma goes to - | Liver | Lung | Bone | Bone marrow | 1b | single | Lung metastasis at initial diagnosis of neuroblastoma is associated with MYCN amplification and elevated LDH levels. Although lung metastasis at diagnosis was not independently predictive of outcome in this analysis, it remains a useful prognostic marker of an unorable outcome. | Pathology | Pediatrics, environment and nutrition |
92e72deb-d0bc-485c-81a3-6af699e85c8a | Deposition of protein 'A beta 2m' is seen in which clinicopathologic category of amyloidosis - | Familial Mediterranean fever | Hemodialysis associated | Senile cerebral | Systemic senile | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hemodialysis associated | Pathology | null |
94c2904d-2d6d-4d92-9ad9-a88415418efb | Aerial blood gas of a 5 year old child done at sea level gives the following results: pH 7.41, PaO2, 100 mmHg, and PaCO2, 40 mmHg. The child is being ventilated with 80% oxygen. What is the (A-a) DO2.- | 570.4 mm Hg | 520.4 mm Hg | 470.4 mm Hg | 420.4 mm Hg | 3d | single | Alveolar air equation: Using the alveolar air equation - PAO2 = - Data: Fraction of O2 in the inspired air = 80% Barometric pressure = 760 mm Hg (sea level) Water vapor pressure = 47 mm Hg Respiratory quotient = 0.8 Hence, Alveolar PO2 = - = 570.4 - 50 = 520.4 mm Hg Aerial PO2 is given = 100 mm Hg Hence, (A - a) DO2 = ... | Physiology | Respiratory System Pa 3 |
85a88804-96b9-42ec-93b8-a13c0b2daaf1 | A child presented with a history of unilateral purulent nasal discharge with occasional bloody discharge from the same side, The diagnosis is - | Antrochoanal polyp | Foreign body | Angiofibroma | Rhinosporidiosis | 1b | single | Unilateral purulent nasal discharge with occasional bloody discharge in a child is highly suggestive of foreign body.
Antrochoanal polyp does not cause bloody discharge.
Angiofibroma most commonly presents with nasal obstruction and epistaxis (not purulent nasal discharge).
Rhinosporidiosis presents most commonly with ... | ENT | null |
278a64a6-fe13-486e-83ab-b3541733296c | DNA fingerprinting was founded by: | Watson | Calton | Jeffrey | All of the above | 2c | multi | C i.e. Jeffrey | Medicine | null |
948272d8-4118-44e3-becc-6c60a3f8222a | For a class V cavity for amalgam: | Mesio-distal walls are parallel and occluso-gingival walls converging | Mesio-distal walls diverging, occlusogingival walls converging | MD walls diverging, OG walls diverging | MD walls and OG walls parallel | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
a6958436-9471-4225-b5d2-c477192da91d | A patient Shweta with raised serum alkaline phosphatase and raised parathormone level along with low calcium and low phosphate level is likely to have | Primary hyperparathyroidism | Paget's disease | Osteoporosis | Vitamin D deficiency | 3d | single | Answer is D (Vitamin D deficiency) Serum Ca Serum phosphorus Alkaline phosphatase PTH * Osteomalacia (Rickets) (|iNit. D) | | | | * Primary hyperparathyroidism bone disease | | , | | * Bone disease in renal failure with secondary hyperparathyroidism N/| | | | * Lytic bone neoplasms N/| N/| N/| N * Osteoporosis N N N N ... | Medicine | null |
24bfc067-fe79-4696-89ae-f92efce9d84e | During the Window period of patient with AIDS - | ELISA is -ve | Western Blot is -ve | Both are -ve | PCR is -ve | 2c | multi | sero negative infective stage is known as the window period REF:ANANTHANARAYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.579 | Microbiology | Virology |
851f0325-df1c-4498-80e3-4a5d276396a4 | In Bismuth/ Strasberg classification system cystic blow out is classified as: | Type A | Type B | Type C | Type D | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
9988d555-e41d-4f02-b78f-60f6b6f93b66 | If circumflex aery gives the posterior interventricular branch, this circulation is described as | Right dominance | Left dominance | Codominance | Undetermined | 1b | single | In about 10% of heas,the right coronary is rather small and is not able to give the posterior interventricular branch. In these cases the circumflex aery,the continuation of left provides the posterior interventricular branch and called left dominant. <img src=" /> B D CHAURASIA'S HUMAN ANATOMY UPPER LIMB THORAX-VOLUME... | Anatomy | Thorax |
9fe50a93-278b-41d1-898d-a31b95709b08 | Parvovirus B19 does not cause | Roseola infantum | Aplastic anemia in sickle cell disease | Fetal hydrops | erythema infectiosum | 0a | single | parvovirusB19 causesaplasyic crisi ,persistent anemia,erythema infectiosum&fetal hydrops REF:ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.554 | Microbiology | Virology |
6220ae04-06a1-47bf-81cc-b325989a0074 | Marker of acute kidney injury all except? | Clusterin | Osteopontin | Alanine aminopeptidase | Acid phosphatase | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Acid phosphatase o Acid phosphatase is not a market of AKI, instead it is alkaline phosphatase.o List of markers for AKI# Alanine aminopeptidase(AAP)# Alkaline phosphatase (AP)# a-GIutathione-S-transferase (a-GST)# g-Glutamyl transpeptidase (gGT)# N-Acetyl-b-(D) gluco-saminidase (NAG)# b2-Microglubuli... | Medicine | Acute Renal Failure |
1a9dc641-10a9-4571-90d1-9483cb14029e | Button hole sign is seen in: | Lupus vulgaris | Intertigo | Neuro fibromatosis | Psoriasis | 2c | single | Due to defect in dermis, pressure on a neurofibroma gives a feeling of hole in dermis, which is called as Button hole sign. | Dental | null |
108ab257-4a62-4cb6-804b-a8fb57aedf1a | Lipoxins synthesized from arachidonic acid act by- | Decrease leucocyte migration, adhesion, chemotaxis | Increase leucocyte migration, adhesion, chemotaxis | Vasoconstriction | Increased vascular permeability | 0a | single | lopoxins are the metabolites produced lipooxygenase pathway. They act to regulate and counter Balance actions ad Leucotriens i:e, decreases leukocyte adhesion, migration and chemotaxis. .ref Robbins 9/e p46 | Pathology | General pathology |
611702fc-bc99-44cf-a9bb-69e365205fbb | Active management of 3rd stage of labour is needed for all the following EXCEPT | Rh incompatibility | Diabetic mother | Prolonged pregnancy | Delivery of first baby of twins | 3d | multi | Ans. d (Delivery of first baby of twins) (Ref. Textbook of Obstetrics D.C. Dutta 6th/pg. 142)Accidental administration of ergometrine or methergin during delivery of first baby in undiagnosed twins produce grave danger to the unborn 2nd baby caused by asphyxia due to tetanic uterine contractions.MANAGEMENT OF THE THIRD... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
9f6df3d9-afba-4deb-a685-78f648de5caf | Which is a DNA virus ? | Hepatitis A | Hepatitis B | Hepatitis C | Hepatitis D | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hepatitis B | Microbiology | null |
d17e8812-8507-4726-b1f8-d82be8a09a9b | Which of the following glycolytic enzyme is used in gluconeogenesis? | Glucokinase | Pyruvate kinase | Aldolase | Phosphofructokinase | 2c | single | Aldolase is the enzyme which catalyzes the reversible reaction of glycolysis. So this enzyme is utilized in gluconeogenesis.Glucokinase, pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase are enzymes which catalyze the irreversible reaction of glycolysis and which are bypassed by different sets of enzymes during gluconeogenesis. | Microbiology | All India exam |
390ec4b8-dd44-4cdd-8065-609d9fc943d9 | In pneumothorax due to blunt injury, treatment of choice is - | Observation | Pneumonectomy | Thoracotomy | Intercostal drainage | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
29c07a2a-41e2-4929-a4af-b18191223ff9 | A 53-year-old female nonsmoker is being evaluated with symptoms of progressive shoness of breath. She has a past history of trauma to the right side of the chest. There is no history of asthma, sputum production, or recent chest pain. CXR is shown in,The likely diagnosis is | Calcified cyst | Organized hemothorax | Blastomycosis | Asbestosis | 1b | single | There is a large, well-demarcated, calcified pleural-based opacity abutting the lateral chest occupying two-thirds of the left hemithorax. It has a rounded, intensely calcified inferior and medial border and thus suggests a pleural origin. The shadow is most consistent with a large, old organized hemothorax. The calcif... | Radiology | Respiratory system |
9ddb4c7b-5115-4349-80c4-a973b09a0771 | Predisposing factors for endometrial carcinoma is : | Hypeension | Late menopause | Nulliparity and Diabetes mellitus both | All | 3d | multi | All | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
7570ad1b-7a71-4a46-a6d7-0125cbc2a61a | Which of the following connective tissue disorder is associated with gastroesophageal reflux? | SLE | Scleroderma | Behcet's syndrome | Dermatomyositis | 1b | single | Scleroderma is systemic disease accompanied by esophageal abnormalities in approximately 80% of patients. The esophageal lesion consists of atrophy of the smooth muscles, manifested by weakness in the lower two-third of the esophageal body and incompetence of the LES. Gastroesophageal reflux is due to incompetent LES c... | Surgery | null |
2f7b1086-cd8d-411b-a2e4-811532e8fbcb | Subdural Hematoma (SDH) is caused by | Bridging veins | Caroticocavemous fistula rupture | Middle meningeal artery | None | 0a | multi | (A) Bridging veins # SUBDURAL BLEEDING arises from rupture of cortical vessels/bridging veins.> Relatively severe trauma> No lucid interval> Diffuse concave lesion on computed tomography> Require immediate transfer to a neurosurgical unit for decision on evacuation 50 per cent mortality. | Surgery | Miscellaneous |
5487bd71-7f0e-4d50-91a6-9e486d860c72 | Thiazide diuretic used when GFR<30 ml/min? | Metolazone | Benzthiazidc | Chlohiazide | Hydrofulthiazide | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Metolazone o Metolazone is the only thiazide which is effective in severe renal failure. | Pharmacology | null |
9c5a488d-97f1-4e77-b4d3-d21cb0f0c9f6 | Which of the following traditional medicines is effective in the treatment of hea failure | Terminalia Arjuna | Neem bark extract | St. John's wo | Gingkoba biloba | 0a | single | Ans. a. Terminalia Arjuna Terminalia Arjuna (An ayurvedic cardioprotective botanical) Although many Ayurvedic plants have shown to help coronary aery disease, Arjuna (Terminalia Arjuna) by far seems to be the best plant for hea health. Terminalia arjuna is a traditional ayurvedic plant containing tannins, triterpenoid ... | Pharmacology | null |
95f22481-cf82-4c1f-bac4-be74a2e1997f | Selenocysteine is derivative of which aminoacid - | Serine | Alanine | Arginine | Glycine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Serine o Selenocysteine is considered as 21" standard amino acid. o It is present at the active site of some enzymes that catalyze redox reactions, e.g. thioredoxin reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and the deiodinase (converts thyroxin to triiothyronine). o Biosynthesis of selenocysteine requires cy... | Biochemistry | Amino Acids Basics |
b010c4fd-35c5-440f-a8aa-8219c856ae18 | Which of the following local anaesthetic is NOT used as a surface anaesthetic? | Lignocaine | Tetracaine | Cocaine | Bupivacaine | 3d | single | Bupivacaine is a widely used amide local anesthetic. It is a potent agent capable of producing prolonged anesthesia. Its long duration of action plus its tendency to provide more sensory than motor block has made it a popular drug for providing prolonged analgesia during labor or the postoperative period. By taking adv... | Anaesthesia | null |
f717c467-4c26-4e62-9e7a-fdfd8007986f | Undescended testis can lead to all of the following complications except: March 2012 | Torsion | Sterility | Carcinoma | Hyperophy of testes | 3d | multi | Ans: D i.e. Hyperophy of testes Complications of undescended testes Torsion can be seen in incomplete testicular descent Sterility is seen in bilateral cases (especially intra-abdominal testes) Incomplete testicular descent predisposes to malignant disease; cancer is more common in an incompletely descended testes-orch... | Surgery | null |
45d980dc-0b54-4db0-b556-6df36cbc1534 | Keratoderma Blenorrhagica is typically seen in | Rheumatoid ahritis | Psoriatic Ahritis | Reactive Ahritis | Ankylosing spondylitis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Reactive ahritis Keratoderma Blenorrhagica is the characteristic skin lesion seen in patients with Reactive Ahritis. "The Characteristic skin lesions in Reactive Ahritis, Keratoderma Blenorrhagica, consist ofvesicles that become hyperkeratotic, ultimately forming a crust before disappearing. These are... | Medicine | null |
4fccd3d5-4706-4f62-8708-46c2d05b5faf | Initial amino acid in prokaryotic protein synthesis - | Arginine | Methionine | Formyl-methionine | Alanine | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c- i.e., Formyl-methionine o in prokaryotes and in mitochondria, the first amino acid methionine is modified by formylation, i.e. the initiator t-RNA carries an N-formylated methionine. The formyl group is added by the enzyme transformylase (formyl- transferase). In Eukaryotes, the initiator t-RNA carries a me... | Biochemistry | Amino Acids Basics |
6bbd139e-6000-4acb-beb0-042dc471df1e | Antiglaucoma drug which acts by increasing uveo- sclerol outflow - | Apraclonidine | Latanoprost | Timolol | Brinzolamide | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Latanoprost Drugs used in open-angle glaucoma MechanismMethods of AdministrationCholinomimetics Pilocarpine, carbachol, physostigmine, echothiophate, demecariumCiliary muscle contraction, opening of trabecular meshwork, increased outflowTopical drops of gel; plastic film slow-release insertAlpha agoni... | Pharmacology | Anti Adrenergic System |
f8000fa0-b8f6-47d3-9503-f2cd30e935f9 | Most commonly affected organ in the disorder characterized by the peripheral blood smear is: | Lungs | Kidney | Spleen | Liver | 2c | single | Hereditary Spherocytosis—Peripheral blood smear.
Splenomegaly is more common and prominent in hereditary spherocytosis than in any other form of hemolytic anemia. The splenic weight usually is between 500 and 1000 g. The enlargement results from marked congestion of the splenic cords and increases in the numbers of m... | Pathology | null |
6a48c652-ecd2-40d4-b57b-074bf293d393 | Boiled cabbage or rancid butter smelling urine is seen in | Phenylketonuria | Tyrosinemia | Isovaleric Acidaemia | Multiple carboxylase deficiency | 1b | single | Tyrosinemia REF: Sapira's a & science of bedside diagnosis - Page 138, Textbook of Pediatric Emergency Medicine by Gary R. Fleisher, Stephen Ludwig Page 1566 Tyrosinaemia is an error of metabolism, inherited, in which the body cannot effectively break down the amino acid tyrosine, found in most animal and plant protein... | Biochemistry | null |
26a9c0a6-cf97-40dc-bac8-b30db91d1860 | All are side effects of clozapine expect: | Granulocytopenia | Seizures | Sedation | Extrapyramidal side effects | 3d | multi | Ref: KDT 8th ed Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug. It does not block D2 receptors, therefore chances of extrapyramidal symptoms are least with this drug. | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
c1d9a954-ed52-4723-973a-355d3be579ae | All of the following are true about staing betablocker therapy in cases of CHF, Except | They should be initiated at the effective doses | They should be gradually increased over weeks | Special precautions should be taken in NYHA class III & IV | Carvedilol and Metoprolol are the preferred drugs | 0a | multi | Answer is A (They should be initiated at the effective doses) Beta blocker should be initiated at lower than effective doses in CHF Beta blockers should be initiated at lower than effective doses in CHF and be 'Beta blockers should be initiated at low doses followed by gradual increments in the dose if lower doses have... | Medicine | null |
bbdd80b6-d9db-484a-b348-612f8131340e | A patient with a peptic ulcer was admitted to the hospital and a gastric biopsy was performed. The tissue was cultured on chocolate agar incubated in a microaerophilic environment at 37degC for 5 to 7 days. At 5 days of incubation, colonies appeared on the plate and were curved, Gram negative rods, oxidase positive. Th... | Campylobacter jejuni | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | Haemophilus influenzae | Helicobacter pylori | 3d | single | This organism is readily isolated from gastric biopsies but not from stomach contents. It is like Campylobacter species and grows on chocolate agar at 37degC in the same microaerophilic environment suitable for C. jejuni (Campy-Pak or anaerobic jar without the catalyst). H. pylori, however, grows more slowly than C. je... | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Haemophilus, Yersinia, Spirochaetes, Ricketssia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and Miscellaneous Bacteria) |
0de12fbd-c9de-4106-b321-27db49459f1e | In CML serum vitamin B12 level is: | Slightly decreased | Normal | Markedly decreased | Increased | 3d | single | Wintrobes hematology mentiins granulocytes contain and release B12 binding proteins.Markedly elevated transcobalamin 1 level are seen in chronic myelocytic leukemia and myeloid metaplasia whereas low levels are seen in chronic leucopenia and aplastic anemia. Williams hematology 8th adds that the increase is propoional ... | Anatomy | Haematology |
b6967054-beb5-4661-a64d-40cb11cd2b4d | A 52-year-old businessman with nephrotic syndrome after a non-stop flight from New York to New Delhi presents with sudden onset of breathlessness, haemoptysis, and chest pain. He is brought into Casualty in shock. His chest X-ray is normal. The ECG shows sinus tachycardia. | Pneumothorax | Myocardial infarction | Pulmonary embolism | Aoic dissection | 2c | single | 1. In this patient no pulmonary edema, MI absent and aoic dissection also absent. 2. Nephrotic syndrome patient will be in hypercoagulable state, long flight- DVT- pulmonary embolism- acute Cor pulmonale 3. Most common causes of Cor pulmonale- pulmonary embolism 4. CXR is normal because it is only a small clot and clot... | Medicine | Thromboembolism and Fat Embolism Syndrome |
335dafcd-9a46-42c8-a359-e59cb1b94af7 | A farmer has an ulcer on leg with indurated margin and multiple sinuses with discharging granules. The likely diagnosis is - | Mycetoma | Scrofuloderma | Lupus vulgaris | Actinomycosis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mycetoma Mycetoma (Maduramycosis) . Is a localized chronic granulomatous involvement of the subcutaneous and deeper tissues, commonly affecting the foot and less often the hand and other pas. . Presenting as a subcutaneous swelling with multiple discharging sinuses. . Sinuses discharge seropurulent fl... | Microbiology | null |
28f2d995-58df-4b65-8b72-5363141151c9 | Spaghetti and meatball appearance is seen in | Dermatophytes | Aspergillus | Pityriasis versicolor | Candida | 2c | multi | In pityriasis versicolor while doing KOH mount shows a mixture of short , branched hyphae and spores described as spaghetti and meatballs appearance. | Dental | null |
f09ed125-f426-4aa4-9cd1-0ca304cf0787 | Drug which is useful in neuronal diabetes inspidus in both children and adults given intra nasally - | Vasopressin | Desmopressin | Lypressin | Presselin | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Desmopressin Desmopressin (intranasal) is the DOC for central DI. | Pharmacology | null |
ea2f8f25-318b-49d3-9cfa-cf8e661a5eeb | Magnan syndrome is seen in which poisoning- | Morphine | Alcohol | Cannabis | Cocaine | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Cocaine | Forensic Medicine | null |
81e75f78-2c14-4b8d-bcff-1f3d47cdc9ed | The denominator in General feility rate | Live bihs | Mid year population | Reproductive women in the age group 15-45 mid year population | Married women in the age group 15-45 | 2c | single | General feility rate (GFR) : Number of live bihs per 1000 women in the reproductive age group 15-49 years in a given year Denominator : Takes 'mid-year population' of 15-49 years age females into account Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 539 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Non communicable diseases |
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