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1825fbdb-260f-4277-894c-884957f106d3 | Scissors gait is seen in | Poliomyelitis | Cerebral palsy | Hyperbilirubinemia | Hyponatremia | 1b | single | Scissor gait is a form of gait abnormality primarily associated with spastic cerebral palsy rigidity and excessive adduction of the leg in swing plantar flexion of the ankle flexion at the knee adduction and internal rotation at the hip progressive contractures of all spastic muscles complicated assisting movements of ... | Surgery | Trauma |
6d44b672-3e45-4e0b-abf8-545b81dd3967 | Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) usually occurs when CD4+ lymphocyte counts are: | Above 600 | Between 1000-2000 | Below 200 | Above 2000 | 2c | multi | When CD4 count falls less than 200/L, the patient develops full-blown AIDS. This stage is characterized by the development of HIV wasting syndrome with weight loss and diarrhea for 1 month.
The patients with AIDS show a marked susceptibility to the development of malignancies.
Human herpes virus-8–associated Kaposi’s ... | Microbiology | null |
aa6c5cbe-a0d3-41dd-a133-86704b55af0e | Caudal regression syndrome is seen in | Preeclampsia | Gestational diabetes | Sickle-Cell anemia | Systemic lupus erythematosus | 1b | single | Gestational diabetes is associated with caudal regression syndrome. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
78f93c5b-dc84-45c8-a709-80989ce38230 | MCH located on - | Chromosome number 6 | Chromosome number 7 | Chromosome number 8 | Chromosome number 9 | 0a | single | (A) (Chromosome number 6) (136 Baveja 4lh) (106 D. Greenwood 18th)MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHO* The MHC in human is known as human leucocyte antigen (HLA) complex.* The HLA complex of genes is located on short arm of chromosome 6.* They are arranged over a region of between 2000 and 4000 kilobases is size, con... | Microbiology | Immunology |
95b485b4-c2a2-453d-8f86-c65e4ffcd55a | A lady comes with melanotic pigmentation of lip, presence of multiple polyps in the intestine, and a positive family history. What is the most probable diagnosis? | Peutz-Jegher's Syndrome | Gardner's syndrome | Turcot's syndrome | Lynch syndrome | 0a | single | Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by intestinal hamaomatous polyps in association with a distinct pattern of skin and mucosal macular melanin deposition. Gardner syndrome, a variant of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), is an autosomal dominant disease characteriz... | Medicine | null |
cf45ffba-7d88-46f1-9bce-05a8297ac4ba | In complicated cataract opacity develops in | Anterior capsule | Nucleus | Posterior subcapsular | Coical | 2c | single | Answer-C. Posterior subcapsularComplicated cataract refers to the lens opacification secondary to some other intraocular disease, Anterior uveitis is the most common cause.Posterior coical complicated cataract : - This type of cataract is due to affections of posterior segment. This cataract is located in a posterior s... | Ophthalmology | null |
b0ca1f5c-fe61-471f-8a8a-84b9aa624894 | Which is a product of purine metabolism? | Uric acid | Urea | Xanthine | Beta alanine | 0a | single | Uric acid is the common end product of purine catabolism. However, in non-primate mammals, Allantoin is the end product of purine catabolism as an extra enzyme, Uricase is present. OTHER OPTIONS: OPTION B: The end products of pyrimidine catabolism are NH3, CO2 & beta alanine (for Cytosine, Uracil) Option C - Xanthine i... | Biochemistry | FMGE 2019 |
ffeed031-b8c3-429f-b3af-59c8529f09a2 | Secondary Oocyte is : | n and N | n and 2N | 2n and N | 2n and 2N | 1b | single | Primary Oocyte – 2n.
Secondary Oocyte – n and 2N.
Spermatid – n and N. | Anatomy | null |
d1dd9fb5-da8b-4740-9ea3-fd904710168f | Biomedical waste(s) to be discarded in Yellow : | Human anatomical waste | Animal waste | Microbiological waste | All | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Human anatomical waste; b i.e., Animal waste; 'c' i.e., Microbiological waste o Wastes discarded in yellow bag arc : (i) Category I (Human anatomical waste), (ii) Category 2 (Animal waste), (iii) Catagory 3 (Microbiology and Biotechnology waste), and (iv) Catagory 6 (Solid waste). | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
eed42148-8b83-4107-bf6c-01d162709782 | Cervical cytology smear revealed CIN2- next step - | Colposcopy | Cryocautery | Hysterectomy | Laser ablation | 0a | multi | Ans- A Colposcopy guided biopsy | Unknown | null |
35d75098-0242-48cc-8a93-5f7f14ab4241 | pH 7.24, PaO2 55 mm Hg, PaCO250 mm Hg, HCO3-30 mEq/L consistent with: | Respiratory acidosis | Respiratory alkalosis | Metabolic acidosis | Metabolic alkalosis | 0a | single | pH < 7.35 is acidosis ; pH >7.45 is alkalosisPrimary change in HCO3- is termed as metabolic (normal range: 22-30 meq/l)If there is acidosis and HCO3- decreased, the problem is a metabolic oneIf in acidosis HCO3- is increased or normal, the problem is compensatory metabolicPrimary change in CO2 is termed as respiratory ... | Medicine | All India exam |
2dbd8ee9-c3c1-48d7-b579-ab971f653b6a | Tardy ulnar nerve palsy is due to _____: | Cubitus valgus | Fixation of the nerve in the groove by osteoarthritis | Excision of elbow joint | Fracture of internal condyle | 0a | single | Ans. A. Cubitus valgusTardy ulnar nerve palsy is due to cubitus valgus.Fracture of the lateral condyle of humerus in the long run can lead to complications such as cubitus valgus.Friction neuritis of the ulnar nerve as it moves over the medial epicondyle every time the elbow is flexed and extended may result in a late ... | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around Arm & Elbow |
bd55f3d9-bf4e-4f7d-a452-0b059324c46a | All are chemokines except - | IL-8 | IL-1 | Histamine | Eotaxin | 2c | multi | Histamines are most impoant vasoactive amines , formed by decarboxylation of histidine found in granules of mast cells, basophils & in platelets. Reff: Ananthanarayan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg: 164 | Microbiology | Immunology |
0c662544-29f5-4b23-9bcc-a631b6a320ad | Phacoemulsification is done with | Laser | Ultrasound | Cryo | UV light | 1b | single | Ans. b (Ultrasound) Ref: AK Khurana, 4th ed, p. 193In phacoemulsification nucleus is emulsified & aspirated by phacoemulsification. Phacoemulsifier acts through a titanium needle ( hollow 1 mm needle)It vibrates in its longitudinal axis at an ultrasonic speed of40000 times a second and thus emulsifies nucleusAdvantage:... | Ophthalmology | Lens |
224f073a-8ed8-472b-8d1e-f4e81f1f5ee2 | On the 4th postoperative day of laparotomy a patient presents with bleeding & oozing from the wound. Management is : | Dressing of wound & observe for dehiscence | IV fluids | Send for USG abdomen | Sta treatments for peritonitis | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. IV fluids | Surgery | null |
286f06c4-a6df-4f41-b1dd-5d45c3f7a484 | Mondor's disease is? | Congenital breast disease | Carcinoma breast | Radiation induced carcinoma breast | Superficial thrombophlebitis of breast | 3d | single | ANSWER: (D) Superficial thrombophlebitis of breastREF: Schwartz 9th ed chapter 17MQNDOR'S DISEASEMondor's disease is a variant of thrombophlebitis that involves the superficial veins of the anterior chest wall and breast. In 1939, Mondor described the condition as "string phlebitis ," a thrombosed vein presenting as a ... | Surgery | Miscellaneous (Breast) |
0cc23057-3bfd-4f91-84a2-c5295721496e | Most commonly used material post pulpectomy is: | ZOE. | Gutta-percha. | META PEX. | All of the above. | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
5bd2a1cf-5aef-4f3e-b779-2849e142ed7f | All of the following measure the plaque index except: | Ramjford index | Moller's index | OHI-S index | Loe and Silness | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
f08d1a37-23da-46fe-8431-5bf5ff7fd29e | In chronic alcoholism which of the following is seen-a) Delirium tremensb) Wernicke's syndromec) Korsakoff psychosisd) All of the above | a | bc | ac | ad | 1b | multi | Some guides have given, option `d' as the answer. But delirium tremens is not a chronic complication; it is a symptom of alcohol withdrawal.
Wernicke's-Korsakoff's syndrome (Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff's psychosis) is a chronic complication of alcoholism. | Forensic Medicine | null |
211d65d5-47a5-4747-91a7-120512bc82de | Most radiosensitive tumor of the following is- | Supraglottic Ca | Ca glottis | Ca nasopharynx | Subglottic ca | 2c | single | null | ENT | null |
5879fa64-2412-432e-9eec-9e44223323e5 | The parasympathetic supply to otic ganglion comes from: (Repeat) | 7th cranial nerve | 8th cranial nerve | 9th cranial nerve | 3rd cranial nerve | 2c | single | Ans: C (9th cranial nerve) Ref: Gray Is Anatomy. 40th edition, pg. 495Explanation:Pharyngeal Arches and Their DerivativesArchnumberArch nameEmbryoniccartilageCartilage derivativeMuscleNerveArterylMandibularQuadrateMeckel's* Incus* Malleus* Anterior ligament of malleus* Spine of sphenoid* Sphenomnndibular ligament* Geni... | Anatomy | Head & Neck |
31433d81-0cc7-4225-b858-8aba31c1534b | All of the following drugs can precipitate acute attack of asthma except - | Pheylbutazone | Naproxen | Glucocoicoids | Aspirin | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Glucocoicoids Drugs precipitating asthma o NSAIDs Heparin Heparin Nitrofurantoin beta-blockers Opioids Disulfiram Organophosphates Phenylbutazone, Naproxen and Aspirin are NSAIDS. | Pharmacology | null |
ccfe3ef3-a59c-4563-b625-14ac18ed5ae1 | Best preventive measure againts tetanus neonatorum- | Active immunization of mother | Passive immunization of child | Active immunization of child | Passive immunization of mother | 0a | single | Active immunisation with tetanus toxoid to mother will protect both mother and child.2 doses should be given. Reference; Park&;s Textbook of preventive and social medicine, 24th edition.Pg no. 331 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
cc01e2e0-6470-4a6a-8834-a4eabfa4f3aa | A 5-year-old child is brought to the emergency room with massive, painless bleeding from the rectum. Colonoscopy fails to demonstrate a lesion in the colon or anus. Upper endoscopy fails to demonstrate esophagitis, gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer. A 99mTc (technetium) scan demonstrates an abnormality in the lower half ... | Appendix | Cecum | Duodenum | Ileum | 3d | single | A Meckel's diveiculum is caused by failure of obliteration of the vitello-intestinal duct. It is classically located in the distal ileum within 30 cm of the ileocecal valve, and the structure is a true diveiculum with mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis propria. Many Meckel's diveicula contain ectopic pancreatic tissue o... | Anatomy | null |
f55e61bb-8c22-4a86-bbf9-c616e6fa5566 | The skeletal classification of malocclusion is given by | Calvin case | Martin Dewey | Paul Simon | E.H. Angle | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
88569ef1-1856-40aa-87c2-e535c96987ee | Single disease control strategy done by program known as | Horizontal program | Veical program | Interventional program | Volunteer program | 1b | single | Health systems are made up of: * "Horizontal system" of general services, providing prevention and care for prevailing health problems. "Veical programmes" for specific health conditions . | Social & Preventive Medicine | PH Care, Elements & Principles |
7123eae6-a54e-46b7-a60e-502c21f10253 | Epidermoid carcinoma of renal pelvis is usually associated with - | Multiple papilomas | Pelvic calculus | Tuberculosis of kidney | Filariasis | 1b | multi | null | Surgery | null |
c77892dc-e6ff-4032-b645-858c8ff9ba2c | True about silent mutation in gene : (PGI Nov 2009) | No change in mRNA | No change in Amino acid sequence in protein | No expression of protein | No change in expression of protein | 1b | multi | Ans:B (No change in Amino acid sequence in protein) &D(No change in expression of protein) Silent MutationsThere may be no detectable effectQ because of the degeneracyQ of the code.This would be more likely if the changed base in the mRNA molecule were to be at the third nucleotide of a codon. Because of wobbleQ, the t... | Microbiology | Immunology |
78e4e592-fc6f-48a0-98f9-e69be5954971 | For a patient undergoing anticoagulant therapy, who requires unavoidable dental surgical treatment, the dental surgeon should: | Not take up the patient till the therapy is over | Bring down the dosage and proceed further | Adjust the dosage before and after dental visit | Consult the physician of the patient for joint decision | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
f088fdf7-bcd4-47b7-ac06-81eb459f492f | A patient with conjunctival infection, which led to corneal perforation, was positive for Gram-negative coccoid appearance on Gram stain. Fuher investigation showed small translucent colonies, which is oxidase positive. What could be the most probable causative organism? | Moraxella catarrhalis | Neisseria gonorrhoea | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Acinetobacter actinatus | 1b | multi | Ans. b. Neisseria gonorrhea Gram negative coccoi with small translucent colonies, which is oxidase positive is Neisseria gonorrhea. Hyperacute Conjunctivitis of Adults or Gonococcal Conjunctivitis Disease affects adults, predominantly males Infection directly spreads from genitals to eye Markedly decreased incidence of... | Ophthalmology | null |
79b357de-c01d-4654-8f20-05def7aaafbd | Conditions predisposing to leukemia include all except - | Ionising radiation | Myelofibrosis | Infectious mononucleosis | Polycythemia vera | 2c | multi | null | Pathology | null |
39a82898-60e0-406b-b86b-211196d6eb90 | Gene duplication plays an impoant role in the evolution of | mRNA | rRNA | tRNA | hnRNA | 0a | single | Analysis of the human genome suggests novel genes created by retroposition may play an impoant role in primate evolution. However, data from non-human primates is still scarce. A comprehensive comparison was thus performed among four primate genomes (human, chimpanzee, orangutan, and macaque), which detects elevated ra... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids |
eb1cfdd6-a1f0-4e30-abb7-56fd77476247 | Which does not cause malignant hypehermia | Isoflurane | Desflurane | N2O | Enflurane | 2c | single | Malignant hypehermia (MH) is a rare (1:15,000 in pediatric patients and 1:40,000 in adult patients) genetic hypermetabolic muscle disease, the characteristic phenotypical signs and symptoms of which most commonly appear with exposure to inhaled general anesthetics or succinylcholine (triggering agents). MH may occasion... | Anaesthesia | Complications of anaesthesia |
f9d33407-a31e-43bd-a285-9ebd89199cea | The stomach wash for phenol poisoning is done with? | 10% glycerin | KMnO4 | Alkaline water solution | Saline water | 0a | single | Ans. a (10% glycerin). (Ref. Parikh, FMT, 5th/pg.l68)PHENOL OR CARBOLIC ACID POISONING# Corrosive poison# Hardening of the tissues occurs with it.# Thorough gastric lavage with 10% glycerine in water + MgS04 till phenolic odour emited.# Then, about 2 ounces of liquid may be left in stomach. | Forensic Medicine | Toxicology |
9a22a264-5893-423d-ba03-21b0840c54ec | Treatment of orthostatic hypotension is | Dopamine | Diuretics | Fludrocortisone | Calcium channel blockers | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
98802414-2f8f-452c-b6ae-6ee455cbe19a | A 3-year-old male child is brought by his father with complaint of recurrent infections despite proper treatment and hygiene. While reviewing his history, pediatrician notices that the child has been infected multiple times with S. aureus, Pseudomonas & E. coli. Which of the following test will be useful to diagnose co... | Negative nitroblue-tetrazolium test | Positive nitroblue-tetrazolium test | Increased IgM, Decreased IgG, IgA, and IgE | Increased IgE and IgA, Decreased IgM | 0a | single | Given scenario suggests diagnosis of Chronic granulomatous disease. Chronic granulomatous disease. Due to NADPH oxidase defect Subtypes: X linked recessive Autosomal recessive Gp 91 PHOX defect Gp 47 PHOX defect Gp 67 PHOX defect C/F: Recurrent infections: by catalase positive organism.Eg- S. aureus, Pseudomonas, Nocar... | Microbiology | Immunology Pa 1 (Immune Response, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Hypersensitivity, Structure of Immune System, Immunodeficiency Disorders) |
54b60f76-5cf3-431e-b060-a761f05f8b0f | False about informed consent: AIIMS 07; AFMC 12 | Alternate procedures/treatment to be concealed from the patients | Patient must be told about the risks | Patient must be explained about the whole procedure | Patient must be explained in the language he understands | 0a | multi | Ans. Alternate procedures/treatment to be concealed from the patients | Forensic Medicine | null |
4e770d24-c09d-4c8e-b183-ba54af84844a | Which number blade is useful for Crevicular incision : | 10 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 2c | single | Crevicular incision is also known as Second incision for which 12 number blade is used. | Dental | null |
cf49180b-57ae-497a-bba8-96a56dfe38d2 | Solitary erythematous oval lesion with central clearing giving target appearance is seen with? | Erythema migrans | Erythema annulare | Erythema multiformie | All of the above | 0a | multi | Erythema migrans secondary to Lyme disease is an erythematous oval lesion with central clearing. The classic "bull's-eye" occurs in this. Erythema migrans is the term applied to skin lesions of Lyme borreliosis. Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi Transmitted by bites from Ixodes ticks. The primary lesion of erythema migran... | Dental | Bacterial infections |
d8174a15-b4ba-4a4c-8716-3d5fc24cd004 | Histiocytosis X is seen in except - | Hand schuller Christian disease | Eosinophilic granuloma | Letter-siwe syndrome | Torres syndrome | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Torres syndrome Langerhans cell histiocytosis (Histiocvtosis X) C.) Histocytosis X is characterized by proliferation of Langerhans histiocytes (tissue macrophages). o It is subdivided into three categories : - i) Letterer - Siwe syndrome ii) Hand -Schuller-Christian disease iii)Eosinophilic granuloma.... | Pediatrics | null |
7eee192e-69ed-4c8f-b09c-bfcab70985c0 | Not true about Eltor vibrio 01- | Animals are the only reservoir | Epidemiologically indistinguisible from V. cholera O-139 | Human acts as vehicle for spread | The efficacy of vaccine against Eltor vibrio is great | 0a | multi | null | Microbiology | null |
037cebd2-3585-4aa5-a3f3-98a08ccd98f9 | A 40-year-old woman admitted with fever, chills, and changing mental status is transferred to the ICU with a clinical suspicion of sepsis. Examination shows sinus tachycardia, no murmur, and clear lung fields. The patient is given IV fluids aggressively for hydration. Blood cultures are drawn and the patient is placed ... | Perform an urgent echocardiogram | Administer protamine sulfate | Sta inotropic agents | Withdraw the catheter | 3d | multi | This chest x-ray shows a pulmonary aery catheter inseed through the internal jugular vein. The PA catheter extends peripherally beyond the right ventricular shadow and past the main pulmonary aery branches into the subsegmental vessels. The patient presents with sepsis and septic shock. It is impoant to determine the f... | Radiology | Fundamentals in Radiology |
67ff8877-4273-443f-ad82-44dff0061dc0 | "Colon Carcinogenesis" is associated with all except: | APC | k RAS | B-catenin | Mismatch repair | 3d | multi | Mismatch repair | Pathology | null |
ed1a3ec7-266c-4783-99f6-2c15c38548aa | Which defect in RBC is shown below ? | Cabot ring | Basophilic stippling | Heinz bodies | Toxic granules | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Heinz bodiesImage source - style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif"> | Unknown | null |
37f89b56-ed0e-419b-858e-b215841497a0 | Malrotation presents with which of the following features: 1. Mass abdomen 2. Bleeding PR 3. Bilious vomiting 4. Hematemesis | 1 & 2 | 2 & 3 | 1 & 3 | 3 & 4 | 1b | single | "Bilious vomiting is the first sign of the volvulus, and all infants with bilious vomiting must be evaluated rapidly to ensure that they do not have intestinal malrotation with volvulus. If left untreated, vascular compromise of the midgut initially causes bloody stools, but eventually results in circulatory collapse" ... | Surgery | null |
4eb78972-bfbf-436f-9cee-68232b2163d7 | Closure of Neural tube begins at which of the following level? | Cervical region | Thoracic region | Cephalic end | Caudal end | 1b | single | Fusion of neural folds begins in middle and gradually extend in cranial and caudal directions REFERENCE: TEXTBOOK OF CLINICAL EMBRYOLOGY... VISHRAM SINGH SECOND EDITION..PAGE NO:52 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
44452663-87a9-4889-a7a1-da3f9d717baf | A 45-year-old male has multiple grouped vesicular lesions present on the T10 segment dermatome associated with pain The most likely diagnosis is - | Herpes zoster | Dermatitis herpetiformis | Herpes simplex | Scabies | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., herpes zoster * Here is a D/d of commonly asked vesico bullous disorders* So the crux is -Painful lesions are seen in Herpes infection.Painless lesions are seen in-Dermatitis herpetiformis Pemphigoid Pemphigus Erythema multiformeDermatomal involvement-Herpes zosterItchy lesions-Dermatitis herpetiformi... | Unknown | null |
22f45302-4183-4557-ad02-7d3086c0f56b | Concentration of sodium in RL is | 154 | 120 | 130 | 144 | 2c | single | Sodium concentrations in various crystalloids and colloid Hamann's (RL) 130mmol/L Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) 154mmol/L Dextrose saline (4% dextrose in 0.18 saline) 30mmol/L Gelofusine 150mmol/L Hemacel 145 mmol/L Hetastarch - Lactated potassium saline injection (Darrow's solution) 121mmol/L Ref: Bailey and love 27th edi... | Surgery | General surgery |
606d2532-2a10-494d-a9ad-2eecd37d27cb | MC cause of aboion in first trimester is, defect in: | Placenta | Uterus | Embryo | Ovarian | 2c | single | Ans. is c i.e. Embryo As explained earlier most common cause of aboion in first trimester are chromosomal abnormalities involving the zygote or embryo | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b97145e8-ab1b-4a7e-bb4f-121e99e8e8cd | All are true regarding pes planus except: | There is collapse of medial longitudinal arch | The heel becomes valgus and foot pronates at the subtalar-mid complex joint | Jack's test differentiates between flexible and rigid deformity | One of the common type of tarsal coalition is calcaneonavicular & it is autosomal recessive | 3d | multi | PES PLANUS (FLAT FOOT) Flat foot refers to obliterated medial longitudinal arch Heel is often in valgus called as planovalgus Pes Planus is of 2 types: (Differentiated by Jack's test) Flexible: Disappears on non-weight bearing. Management is conservative Rigid: Due to congenital veical talus or RA or infection or tarsa... | Orthopaedics | Neuromuscular disorders |
60150bc4-6eae-4ca7-abb7-570104978999 | The following statements are true about Tumour Suppressor Gene p53 except - | It regulates cetain genes involved in cell cycle regulation | Its increased levels can induce apoptosis | Its activity in the cells decreases following UV irradiation and stimulates cell cycle | Mutations of the p53 gene are the most common genetic alteration seen in human cancer | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Its activity in the cells decreases following UV irradiation and stimulates cell cycle | Pathology | null |
12c866c8-22e0-40d7-af76-4ceec267c3f2 | These nail changes are seen in | Lichen planus | Psoriasis | Darier disease | Onychomycosis | 1b | single | Fingernail involvement in psoriasis appears as punctate pitting, onycholysis, nail thickening, or subungual hyperkeratosis The nail matrix will have pitting, which appears as punctate depressions that are small, shallow, and various shapes and sizes. Characteristically, they are isolated and deep, though they may occur... | Dental | Papulosquamous disorders |
8fa82c7b-8643-40ec-b9da-22974e60eb8a | Neuropraxia is a condition characterized by | Division of nerve sheath | Division of axons | Division of nerve fibres | Physiological block | 3d | single | Ans. (d) Physiological blockRef Apley's 8th/ 231Patterns of nerve injuryNeuropraxiaAxonotmesisNeurotmesis* Reversible physiological nerve conduction block* It is seen in crutch palsy tourniquet palsy, and Saturday night palsy.* There is loss of conduction because of axonal interruption but the nerve is in continuity an... | Orthopaedics | Nervous System |
3d164993-aeee-4bb8-9202-daf820ef2ea2 | Sinusoids are seen in all of the following except | Liver | Kidney | Lymph nodes | Spleen | 1b | multi | Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematoploietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these because they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina. | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
6129f3b8-5103-4746-9183-b973b0ee1224 | Acid base based polyacrylic cements have most
important property of | Bio adhesion | Reparative dentin formation | Bond strength | Severe irritant to pulp | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
9351841b-34f7-4b57-bc91-41dbc30158ab | A 55-year-old male presents with features of obstructive jaundice. He also reports a weight loss of seven kilograms in last two months. On CT scan, the CBD is dilated till the lower end and the main pancreatic duct is also dilated. Pancreas is normal. The most likely diagnosis is: | Choledocholithiasis | Carcinoma gallbladder | Hilar cholangiocarcinoma | Periampullary carcinoma | 3d | multi | Ans. (d) Periampullary carcinoma* Periampullary cancer presents with dilatation of both Pancreatic and Bile ducts.* Of the sites of cancer in Pancreas - Periampullary cancer has better prognosis than Head of pancreas cancer because of early presentation. | Surgery | Pancreas |
ee18b44d-017e-4a94-a69d-be65d46b87ea | Which type of cells are not found in stomach: | Chief cells | Parietal cells | Argentaffin cells | Goblet cells | 3d | single | Goblet cells | Anatomy | null |
9ccf6348-49f5-453c-9f75-37a99ac5ea3d | Sorghum is pellagrogenic due to excess content of | Lysine | Threonine | Leucine | Tryptophan | 2c | single | Jowar (sorghum) Jowar is also known as kaffir corn or Milo. It is a major crop grown in India next only to wheat and rice. For several population groups, it is a staple diet. The protein content of jowar varies from 9 to 14 per cent, and the proteins are limiting in lysine and threonine. Ceain varieties of jowar have a... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
939bac28-0796-4854-b4e4-e6288fd461d7 | In infants, the cause of blindness arising out of oxygen toxicity is - | Degeneration of crystalline lens | Growth of blood vessels into vitreous followed by fibrosis | Damage to cornea | Enzymic defect in lens | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Growth of blood vessels into vitreous followed by fibrosis | Pediatrics | null |
20fbf251-0343-4a4f-ac7e-e7d8b00bd382 | Papilloedema is characterised by all of the following, EXCEPT: | Loss of retinal venous pulsations | Transient obscurations of vision | Sudden painless loss of vision | Disc oedema | 2c | multi | C i.e. Sudden painless loss of vision In papilloedema there is painless gradually progressive loss of vision which is usually bilateralQ which occurs after a long time only when optic atrophy sets in. "Visual acuity is not affected by Papilloedema unless it is severe, long standing, or accompanied by macular edema & ha... | Ophthalmology | null |
2191e565-9e6f-4762-9921-24087383f685 | In the diagram below A-D represent depolarization of ventricles. Which one represents "R" wave? | A | B | C | D | 2c | single | Ans. C. (C).a. P waveThe P wave is a small deflection wave that represents atrial depolarization.b. PR intervalThe PR interval is the time between the first deflection of the P wave and the first deflection of the QRS complex.c. QRS wave complexThe three waves of the QRS complex represent ventricular depolarization. Fo... | Physiology | Heart, Circulation, and Blood |
89299fcd-bf42-4bb8-b20b-0cdc577bc801 | Fully embryonated egg of trichuris trichiura contains | Eight blastomeres | Unsegmented ova | Rhabditiform larva | Ciliated embryo | 2c | single | null | Microbiology | null |
8ef60370-a6c1-4264-b837-ade67b118a64 | During post transcriptional modification of RNA the following process does not take place: | Splicing | 5'capping | 3'polyadenylation | Glycosylation | 3d | single | Ans. D. GlycosylationRNA produced after transcription is hn RNA. To form m RNA it undergoes modifications to remove intervening sequence called introns by splicing. For this 5'capping and 3'tailing is done to stabilize RNA. | Biochemistry | Molecular Genetics |
c5fb9d8e-d442-4afb-a682-188c4af51c3c | A 65-year-old smoker presents with hoarseness, hemoptysis and a hard painless lump in the left supraclavicular fossa. Which of the following is the most appropriate diagnostic step - | Undeake an open biopsy of the neck lump | Undeake a radical neck dissection | Do fine needle aspiration cytology | Give a trial of Anti tuberculous therapy | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Undeake an open biopsy of the neck lump | Surgery | null |
2dcfdf00-22ae-4888-a360-c446cae20eb4 | Chlorhexidine on tooth causes | No stain | Brownish yellow stains | Greenish yellow stain | Blue back stain | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
340b0221-5590-495d-9d96-49e1f9f38659 | Pseudohyponatremia is found in all of the following EXCEPT: | Severe hyperlipemia | Extreme hyperproteinemia | Aldosterone excess | Hypothyroidism | 2c | multi | Hyponatremia is defined as a plasma level less than 135 meq/L. Most often it reflects excess water, rather than less of Na+, in the plasma. Hence, plasma becomes hypo-osmolar in most instances. Hyponatremia with a normal plasma osmolality is the so-called "pseudohyponatremia". It occurs when plasma lipids or proteins a... | Physiology | Endocrine System |
27fbaf11-357f-47e0-ad2a-c741e737a852 | Polio virus infection can result in all, except - | Anterior horn cell damage | Autonomic involvement | Respiratory involvement | Paralysis in > 70% of cases | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
c16e22b6-f5d0-435a-b3eb-00404bb856d6 | Urea cycle is linked to TCA cycle by - | Arginine | Ornithine | Oxaloacetate | Fumarate | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Fumarate |Ref: Harper 29th/e p. 276-277]o Fumarate is released during urea cycle, which is an intermediate of Kreb's cycle, thus linking the two.Both urea cycle and TCA cycle have been explained in previous years. | Biochemistry | Urea Cycle and Disorders |
0b261c1b-5465-4b91-a5c9-5b6bfa0afaff | Both antibody-dependent and independent complement pathway converge on which complement component? | C5 | C3 | Clq | C8 | 1b | multi | Complement is a collective term that describes a system of about 20 proteins, many of which are enzyme precursors. All these are present normally among the plasma proteins in the blood as well as among the proteins that leak out of the capillaries into the tissues.
They are usually inactive i.e. enzyme precursors
They ... | Pathology | null |
5abccba0-ac25-4a82-aa76-af29e59409b7 | Weight gain in pregnancy depends on all except? | Smoking | Pre pregnancy weight | Ethnicity | Maternal age | 0a | multi | FACTORS INFLUENCING WEIGHT GAIN IN PREGNANCY Maternal age - Increased weight gain in younger women Physical activity - Several studies have demonstrated an inverse relation between weight gain and level of physical activity Prepregnancy weight - Weight gain in pregnancy is generally inversely propoional to BMI (Body Ma... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | All India exam |
1e788c02-44f2-4449-ac38-6ca132fe2116 | True about combination therapy with anakinra and infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis patients is: | Combination should be avoided | Combination is superior to methotrexate plus etanercept | Combination is superior to methotrexate alone | Combination is equally effective as oral triple therapy | 0a | multi | Ans. A. Combination should be avoidedRef: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 19th/ed, p2147Explanation# Option a: Anakinra (IL 1 antagonist) and infliximab (anti-TNF) should not be combined.# Both agents restrict inflammatory process markedly and lead to high rate of serious infections.# This finding is observe... | Pharmacology | Immunomodulator |
ba0d4611-9418-4b54-bbae-c32e4a742d18 | T helper cells recognises - | MHC class I | MHC class II | Processed peptides | Surface Ig | 1b | single | CD4+ T cells have TCRs with an affinity for Class II MHC Ref: Ananthanarayanan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg: 135 | Microbiology | Immunology |
35680715-3d6a-4682-8087-92b19324e409 | Which of the following is not a contraindication for use of digitalis: | Acute rheumatic carditis | Thyrotoxicosis | WPW syndrome | Hyperkalemia | 3d | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
e4958250-5d35-4cae-8d1e-af35dec6617d | Aldose reductase inhibitor drugs are useful in | Cataract | Diabetes mellitus | Hereditary fructose intolerance | Essential fructosuria | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Diabetes mellitus Aldose reductase catalyzes the NADPH-dependent conversion of glucose to sorbitol, the first step in polyol pathway of glucose metabolism. Aldose reductase inhibitors are a class of drugs being studied as a way to prevent eye and nerve damage in people with diabetes mellitus. Examples... | Medicine | null |
d7870fb8-928a-40e1-943a-cbdc834832d5 | Abortion stick used in criminal abortion causes abortion by the mechanism of | Uterine contraction | Stimulation of uterine nerves | Uterine infection & necrosis | Placental separation | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Uterine contraction Abortion stick is a thin wooden or bamboo stick about 15 to 20 cm long, or a twig of similar length from some irritant plant as mentioned below.When the stick is used it is equipped at one end with cotton wool or a piece of cloth soaked in an irritant substance as mentioned below.Th... | Forensic Medicine | Misc. |
218b8351-aaf9-437d-8eec-e0843c3c0436 | Which of the following post is most difficult to bond in the root canal: | Zirconia ceramic post. | Carbon fiber reinforced post. | Polyethylene fiber reinforced post. | Glass fiber reinforced post. | 0a | single | It is because zirconia cannot be etched. | Dental | null |
44326465-758f-48ec-aca1-5d98db6514ef | An 80 year old asymptomatic woman on a routine examination was detected to have a monoclonal spike on serum electrophoresis (IgG levels 1.5 g/dl). Bone marrow revealed plasma cells of 8%. Which of the following represents the most likely diagnosis? | Multiple myeloma | Indolent myeloma | Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance | Waldenstorm's macroglobulinemia | 2c | single | Patient is showing features of monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance. It refers to a clinical condition, defined by the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulin production without evidence of myeloma, waldenstorms macroglobulinemia or other lymphoproliferative disorder. It is an incidental finding detected by elev... | Medicine | null |
9c69bdc9-6721-4a42-9a9a-c642144cb021 | Patient with cirrhosis is positive HBs Ag+ and has increased levels of alpha feto protein. What is the most probable diagnosis ? | Submassive hepatic necrosis | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Massive hepatic necrosis | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is `b' i.e., Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis, hepatitis B positive and alpha fetoprotein strongly suggests hepatocellular carcinoma. | Pathology | null |
5fb1f637-4197-401f-9a3e-c2c0b9357df3 | Opioid induced constipation is treated by | Loperamide | Biperiden | Alvimopan | Naltrexone | 2c | single | Alvimopan, Naloxegal & Methyl naltrexone are peripherally acting opioid antagonists used to treat opioid induced constipation & paralytic ileus. | Pharmacology | null |
d0e9d2f6-8205-4053-88d9-119904e3ecbf | The schedule of HDCV in rabies is- | 0,3, 7,14, 28 | 0, 3, 14, 28, 90 | 3, 7, 14, 16,18 | 0, 7, 14, 16, 18 | 0a | single | Ans- A 0,3, 7,14, 28 Ref- Vaccine Post-exposure prophylaxis depends on the type of contact with the confirmed or suspect rabid animal, as follows: 1. Wound treatment Thorough washing of the wound with soap/detergent and water, followed by the application of ethanol or an aqueous solution of iodine or povidone. 2. Passi... | Unknown | null |
1ddc2d2d-4dbe-4ef4-adb3-7eb9e22d8f79 | Anticoagulant used for chelating calcium - | E DTA | Oxalate | Sodium citrate | All of the above | 3d | multi | Answer-D. All of the aboveMost of the anticoagulants used in the laboratory act by binding calcium as an insoluble salt or soluble but un-ionized salt.Thesecalciumchelatinganticoagulantsare :-EDTADouble oxalateSodium citrateSodiumJluoride | Pathology | null |
1a2bdd8a-fe2f-4287-9c96-0858ce6ea07b | Warm antibody hemolytic anemia is seen in all expect | Stibophen | Methyl dopa | Penicillin | Quinidine | 0a | multi | Warm antibody type hemolytic anaemia can be induced by drugs.
A small portion of patients receiving methyl dopa develop AIHA .They are tolerance breaking drugs
Penicillin antibiotics develop antibodies agaist RBC , drug complex which induces hemolysis.
Quinidine forms a complex with plasma protein to which an antibody... | Pathology | null |
0f420b10-3f43-4507-a395-2e9ab7ffabda | Abnormality to check if lithium is given to a pregnant female - | Cardiac anomaly | Neural tube defect | Facial defect | Urogenital defect | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cardiac anomaly Lithium is a weak teratogen in human.The main effects attributable to lithium are increased cardiac malformation in the fetus especially "Ebsteins anomaly".Lithium may increase the incidence of Ebstein9s anomaly in fetus but it is not contraindicated during pregnancy.Lithium is not con... | Pharmacology | C.N.S |
e39214ef-57b8-44b6-aad4-3ce8242baefc | The most common cause of Volkmann's ischaemic contracture (V.I.C) in a child is: | Intercondylar fracture of humerus | Fracture both bone of forearm | Fracture lateral condyle of humerus | Supracondylar fracture of humerus | 3d | multi | D i.e. Supracondylar fracture humerus | Surgery | null |
5f4ea12f-ea51-405a-9743-1b3c804afd31 | DIC is seen with all except - | Accidental hemorrhage | Black water fever | Amniotic fluid embolism | Overdosage with Vitamin K | 0a | multi | Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is an acute or chronic disorder causing thrombosis or hemorrhage, which occurs as a secondary complication of an underlying disease.
It is characterized by consumption of coagulation factors caused by intravascular activation of the coagulation sequence,
which leads to the f... | Pathology | null |
a1a4ca53-4f92-430a-82a9-87ac53c99cd6 | Circular DNA is found in: | Virus | Chloroplast | Bacteria and Mitochondria both | All | 3d | multi | Circular DNA is found in viruses (eg polyoma virus has double stranded & porcine virus has single stranded circular genome), prokaryotes (most bacterial DNA is circular), blue green algae as well as in eukaryotic cells like mitochondrial DNA or plasmid DNA and in chloroplast.A distinguishing characteristic of prokaryot... | Biochemistry | null |
10c5d751-b270-497d-82f1-937e4940c279 | Clayton is used in a close breathing system for the purpose of | As a hardner | As an absorbent | As a softner | As an indicator | 3d | single | D i.e. As an indicator | Anaesthesia | null |
0920976b-00c7-4a2b-9c9a-ec5149f5bb2d | The rate-limiting step in the synthesis of bile acids is catalyzed by: | 12a-Hydroxylase | 7a-Hydroxylase | HMG coA reductase inhibitors and bile acid sequestrant | 25-hydroxycholecalciferol 1-hydroxylase | 1b | multi | The rate-limiting step in the formation of bile acids is the 7a-hydroxylation of cholesterol, catalyzed by a microsomal NADPH-dependent enzyme 7a-hydroxylase. 12a-Hydroxylase is also involved in the bile acid synthesis, but is not regulated. HMG CoA reductase and pyro diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase are both choleste... | Biochemistry | null |
f76a4382-9f3c-4a8d-bd9c-a93716652ef6 | The buffering capacity of a buffer is maximum when the pH is equal to: | 0.5 pKa | pKa | pKa+1 | 2 pKa | 1b | single | Buffering capacity of a buffer is most effective when the concentrations of salt and acid are equal or when pH = pKa. The effective range of a buffer is 1 pH unit higher or lower than pKa. pKa refers to the pH at which the concentration of the acid equals that of the base. Phosphate buffer is effective at a wide range ... | Biochemistry | null |
1db635ce-d401-442c-9e8b-e9fd0c1d100d | All are X-ray findings of RA except: | Reduced joint space | Soft tissue shadow | Periaicular new bone formation | Subchondral cyst | 2c | multi | Radiological features of RA are Evidence of soft tissue swelling and joint effusion Symmetrical involvement Juxta-aicular osteopenia (within weeks) Loss of aicular cailage and bone erosions (after months) Narrowing of joint space Aicular destruction and joint deformity, e.g. subluxation of atlantoaxial and cervical joi... | Orthopaedics | Joint disorders |
8188094e-f3ea-4f12-bc2e-e8b68b804231 | Cellular suppo is provided by: | Mitochondria | Cytoskeleton | Golgi apparatus | All | 1b | multi | Cytoskeleton froms framework of the cell It has microtubules, microfilaments,intermediate filaments | Anatomy | General anatomy |
d776592c-8996-422d-8cf8-efb02898075f | After a meal of pizza, dietary lipid is absorbed by the small intestine and transported in the lymph mainly as | VLDLs | Free fatty acids bound to albumin | Chylomicrons | LDLs | 2c | multi | Ans. C. ChylomicronsThe small intestine transports dietary triglyceride as chylomicrons in lymph. VLDLs are secreted by the small intestine during fasting. Although some dietary fatty acids are transported in the portal blood bound to albumin, it is not the predominant pathway for the transport of dietary lipids to the... | Physiology | G.I.T. |
6890b2de-674b-452f-b016-0cbca62ca572 | Mesothelioma is caused by – | Asbestosis | Silicosis | Baggasois | Anthracosis | 0a | single | Asbestosis
There are two distinct geometric forms of asbestos -
Serpentine chrysolite
Amphibole (crocidolite)
Serpentine chrysolite accounts for most of the asbestos used in industry.
Both serpentine and amphibole can cause all asbestosis related disease except for mesotheloma, which is usually associated with am... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
cfcac655-98cf-43df-ae68-859cc8eac2a1 | Meconium is excreted by a new born till _______ day: | 2 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 1b | single | The baby may pass meconium in utero or soon after birth, but all healthy newborn babies must evacuate within 24 hours of birth. During the first 2..3 days the baby passes black, tarry (like tar) 'meconium' stools which are followed by greenish (transitional) stools for the next 1 or 2 days.
The normal breastfed baby us... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
2da18416-e7fd-4079-9099-05618a8da885 | Lanatoprost used topically in glaucoma primarily acts by: | Decreasing aqueous humour formation | Increasing uveoscleral outflow | Releasing pupillary block | All | 1b | multi | B i.e. Increased uveoscleral outflow Prostaglandin analogues (e.g. latanoprost Q, unprostone, bimatoprost, travoprost) lower intraocular pressure by stimulating a prostanoid receptor in ciliary muscle. This causes the release of matrix metalloproteinases and increase the uveoscleral outflow. Q Latanoprost lower IOP by ... | Ophthalmology | null |
5ab2d5be-8081-4571-8f97-6104439e2737 | Main cell of shedding are: | Osteoclasts. | Odontoclasts. | Fibroblasts. | All of the above. | 1b | multi | Odontoclasts are the main shedding cells. | Dental | null |
84733d91-02fd-4eda-a7b5-9de87d086c77 | Home to bilirubin conversion is carried out by | Heme oxygenase | Heme reductase | Heme isomerase | Heme hydrolase | 0a | single | Within the macrophage, heme derived from haemoglobin is broken down by heme oxygenase, conveing it to biliverdin Carbon monoxide and iron arereleased as by-productsReference: Harper biochemistry 30th edition page no 672 | Biochemistry | miscellaneous |
793bef1c-96fb-47f4-856b-1c07a23eef73 | A 60-year-old farmer presents with multiple patches of discoloration on his face. Biopsy of lesional skin reveals actinic keratosis. Which of the following terms best describes this response of the skin to chronic sunlight exposure? | Atrophy | Dysplasia | Hyperplasia | Hypertrophy | 1b | single | Dysplasia. Actinic keratosis is a form of dysplasia in sun-exposed skin. Histologically, such lesions are composed of atypical squamous cells, which vary in size and shape. They show no signs of regular maturation as the cells move from the basal layer of the epidermis to the surface. Dysplasia is a preneoplastic lesio... | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
5388484b-194a-4c2e-a9fa-4cfee3df7341 | Krogman's formula is related to: Odisha 11 | Race | Age | Sex | Stature | 2c | single | Ans. Sex | Forensic Medicine | null |
e1110c5c-bcc3-4f75-9e36-52055c54638f | Drug of choice in drug induced parkinsonism is: | Levodopa | Benzhexol | Amantidine | Carbidopa | 1b | single | Ans. (B) Benzhexol(Ref: KDT 8/e p460)Central anticholinergics like trihexy phenydyl (Benzhexol) are the only drugs effective in drug induced Parkinsonism. | Pharmacology | C.N.S |
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