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135
2b8a3961-bacc-4d6d-bd77-14258285bb24
Primary cause of hyaline membrane disease is
Prematurity
Oxygen toxicity
Alveolar inflammation
Surfactant deficiency
3d
single
Ans. d (Surfactant deficiency). (Ref. Nelson, Textbook of Paediatrics, 18th/731)HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE# Common in premature, IDM and infants delivered by caesarean section.# Clinically manifests shortly after birth (dyspnoea and cyanotic attacks).# X-ray chest shows "ground glass" mottling.# As HMD progresses, influx...
Pediatrics
New Born Infants
a2914d7d-f520-476f-a51e-1e5ac51f12c7
Meckel's derived from;
Proximal part of VID
Distal part of VID
Entire VID
Urachus
0a
single
Ans. (a) Proximal part of VIDRef: Sabiston 20th edition, Page 1284* Meckel's diverticulum results from incomplete closure of proximal VID* Raspberry tumor (Umbilical adenoma) is persistence of distal VID
Surgery
Small & Large Intestine
d511635b-7723-42f3-bc8e-74b8d2da653d
Effo during normal respiration is done due to ?
Lung elasticity
Respiratory air passages
Alveolar air spaces
Creating negative pleural pressure
0a
single
A i.e. Lung elasticity
Physiology
null
51fe5c68-dc49-43a9-9d84-b0f7d0f81366
The Most common fungus to cause meningitis is
Blastomyces dermatitides
Candida albicans
Cryptococcus neoformans
Coccidioides immitis
2c
single
(C) Cryptococcus neoformans
Microbiology
Misc.
60e0c9b4-f638-4da4-b659-4a270855d581
Stellwag'sign is:
Absence of normal winking.
Failure of convergence of eye balls.
Exophthalmos.
None.
0a
multi
null
Surgery
null
52f0d816-ae13-4537-88cb-6789a498f8d2
Condition which does not cause metabolic acidosis
Renal failure
Pyloric stenosis
Biliary fistula
Ureterosigmoidostomy
1b
single
Pyloric stenosis causes Metabolic alkalosis. Rest all causes metabolic acidosis.
Surgery
null
8cbd805c-9a98-48f6-bea8-972847734b3d
Classical cesarean section in indicated in a patient with :
Previous cesarean section
Placenta pre
Carcinoma cervix
Shoulder presentation
2c
single
Carcinoma cervix
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
d3c46aa3-e092-4590-9f1d-9cee42703bfd
True about subcutaneous nodule in Rheumatic fevera) Non tenderb) Most common manifestationc) Present in extensor surfacesd) Associated with arthritis
ac
bc
ad
b
0a
multi
null
Medicine
null
7368afb5-786e-410d-8674-f12ce9bdec3f
Hyperbilirubinemia in a child can be due to –a) Breast milk jaundiceb) Cystic fibrosisc) Fanconi's syndromed) α–1 antitrypsin deficiency
ad
c
ac
ab
0a
single
al-antitrypsin deficiency can cause cholestatic Jaundice.
Pediatrics
null
3aee592b-43a9-4777-bc47-77941eae9fb7
An obsessive compulsive neurosis patient is likely to develop:
Hallucination
Depression
Delusion
Schizophrenia
1b
multi
Most of the patients with OCD, develop secondary depression. It is the M/C Comorbidity associated with OCD. The lifetime prevalence for major depressive disorder in persons with OCD is 67%.
Psychiatry
Neurotic, Stress Related and Somatoform Disorders
2201f40d-2ac0-465d-92c5-a01d18522f18
Patient with genotype X0 will have following phenotype, except: PGI 09; WB 09; MAHE 12
Tall stature
Broad chest
Webbed neck
Lymphedema
0a
multi
Ans. Tall stature
Forensic Medicine
null
af26b5f0-be33-4627-ac26-fc356b39b814
Cell-matrix adhesions are mediated by
Cadherins
Integrins
Selectins
Calmodulin
1b
single
.
Pathology
General pathology
36724429-06b0-4f79-beee-cec6fde30782
Which type of chocking in SHOT gun produce maximum dispersion of pellets?
Fully chocked
Half
Quaer
Three fouh
2c
single
Firearm are of 2 types - rifled and shotgun weapons. The rifled weapon contains grooves called riffling. In shotgun no grooves are present so it is also known as smooth bore gun in which small lead shots or pellets are used which spreads to other distances when the lead pellets come out. This is called dispersion. To a...
Forensic Medicine
Ballistics
3f15d58f-0ce8-4a23-850c-d38c3fc0b560
True statement about Antistreptolysin &;O&; titre is
In normal people the titre is <200
In acute glomerunephritis the titre is low
ASO titre >200 indicate rheumatic fever
Streptozyme test is an active haemagglutination test
1b
multi
In Rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis, a retrospective diagnosis of streptococcal infection may be established by demonstrating high levels of antibody to streptococcal toxins. The standard test in antistreptolysin O titration. High levels are usually found in acute rheumatic fever but in glomerulonephritis, titers...
Microbiology
Bacteriology
2adacb9b-8446-43d6-891f-e7f5836b614f
Toxic epidermal necrolysis {TEN} involves body surface area
<10%
10-20%
20-30%
>30
3d
single
Based on body surface area ( BSA) of skin involved, epidermal necrolysis is classified into SJS: less than 10% BSASJS_TEN overlap: 10-30% BSA TEN : more than 30% BSA. From illustrated synopsis of dermatology and sexually transmitted diseases neena khanna 5th edition page no 92
Dental
Vestibulobullous disorders
577f587f-6bb7-497b-ab71-3dc9465300ba
Incidence of suicide is-
8-10 / 100 population
8-10 / 10000 population
8-10 / 1 lac population
8-10 / 10 lac population
2c
single
C i.e. 8-10 / 1 lac population
Forensic Medicine
null
7314aa3d-0f4e-47e8-a5a1-cb59e0e70c58
All are indications for surgery in bronchiectasis except:
Refractory foul smelling copious sputum
Hemoptysis
Bilateral disease
Bleeding
2c
multi
Ans: C (Bilateral disease) Ref: Schwartz s Principles of Surgery: 9th EditionExplanation:"Patients with diffuse bilateral disease, of which cystic fibrosis is the best example, rarely benefit from resection and should be considered for lung transplantation as they approach end-stage disease. " (Ref: Schwartz)Treatment ...
Surgery
Stomach & Duodenum
3135aaaa-eaf4-49d4-93ff-d1e5765b332a
Most common type of psoriasis –
Plaque psoriasis
Psoriasis vulgaris
Both 1 and 2
Penile psoriasis
2c
multi
Plaque psoriasis, also known as psoriasis vulgaris is the most common type and usual form of psoriasis.
Dental
null
55157ae0-fbcd-443a-9c06-36b3bef4b357
Which of the following is not an indication of radiotherapy in Pleomorphic adenoma of parotid?
Involvement of deep lobe
2nd histologically benign recurrence
Microscopically positive margins
Malignant transformation
1b
multi
Ans. is none or (b) is the best option The above mentioned books mention the following indications of postop radiotherapy in Pleomorphic adenoma of parotid. Indications for postop radiotherapy in Pleomorphic adenoma Involvement of the deep lobe of the parotid Recurrent lesions Large (> 5 cm) lesions, which may not allo...
Surgery
null
f352b39c-1ce3-49f3-b4dc-49aa21aedb36
The dietary fats are transmitted from GIT to adipocytes in the form of
Diacyl glycerol
Triacylglycerol
Fat misseles
Chylomicrons
3d
single
TG derived from intestinal absorption of fats are transpoed in the blood as a lipoprotein complex called chylomicrons. Chylomicrons are small microscopic paicles of fats, about 1m in diameter and are responsible for transpo of exogenous (TG) in the blood. * Similarly, TG that are synthesised in Liver cells is conveed t...
Biochemistry
Metabolism of lipid
4395069d-44f5-4cfc-8cf0-8d7d9ed33202
Splicing activity is a function of
mRNA
snRNA
rRNA
tRNA
1b
single
A small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is one of many small RNA species confined to the nucleus; several of the snRNAs are involved in splicing or other RNA processing reactions.Small cytoplasmic RNAs (scRNA) are present in the cytoplasm and (sometimes are also found in the nucleus).snRNPs (snurp) are small nuclear ribonucleoprot...
Biochemistry
Metabolism of nucleic acids
9e81fcd0-6ca6-41ce-b874-2b46a17a50d1
Patient presenting with cutaneous vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, peripheral neuropathy, which of the following will help in diagnosis?
ANCA
RA factor
Hbsag
MIF
0a
single
Ref. API Textbook of Medicine. Pg. 1313   Cutaneous vasculitis features – Diagnosis Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs): Group of autoantibodies IgG type mainly, Produced against antigens in cytoplasm of neutrophil granulocytes & monocytes. Particularly associated with systemic vasculitis, so called “ANCA-a...
Unknown
null
f2151faa-c31b-4401-acdc-ccef4f852a3c
Meningococci differ from gonococci as they:
Are intracellular
Possess a capsule
Causes fermentation of glucose
Are oxidase positive
1b
single
Characteristics Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria meningitidis 1 Referred Gonococcus Meningococcus. 2 Vaccine Development No Serogroup A, B, C, Y and W-135 meningococcal infections can be prevented by vaccines. 3 Colony Morphology Smooth, round, moist, uniform grey/brown colonies with a greenish colour Smooth, round, moi...
Microbiology
Systemic Bacteriology Pa 1 (Gram Positive Cocci, Gram Negative Cocci)
0df54f8e-0373-4ef8-9d7a-83ae9f60ccca
Enzyme used in Leukemia-
Asparginase
Lipase
Amylase
Transminase
0a
single
Asparaginase. Asparaginase is an enzyme that is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication, L-asparaginase is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given by injection into a vein, muscle, or under the skin Ref Davidson 23rd...
Medicine
Haematology
134c5bb9-7268-4588-a165-04ed8c3964a4
Tillaux's sign is seen in
Abdominal tuberculosis
Peritonitis
Mesenteric cyst
Misty mesentery
2c
single
Tillaux's sign: In mesenteric cyst, the swelling moves freely in a plane at right angles to the attachment of the mesenteryRef: Bailey and love 27e pg: 1063
Surgery
General surgery
d02ae023-23cd-4356-84e9-4ef4d33bba0a
Oncogenic virus is:
CMV
VZV
Polio virus
EBV
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., EBV (Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 565 and 8th/e, p. 563)* EBV has been implicated in causation of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma.
Microbiology
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
9d99b5b0-1654-439b-9e07-03f062f675f2
Integration of health services was first proposed by?
Bhore committee
Jungallwalla commite
Mudaliar commite
Srivastava commite
1b
multi
ANSWER: (B) Jungallwalla commiteREF: Park 20th ed p. 778See APPENDIX-45 below for "Health planning committee" APPENDIX - 45Health Planning CommitteeBHORECOMMITTEE1946Before 1st five year planIntegration of preventive and curative servicesPrimary health Centre (short term plan-1 PHC/40,000 population & long term plan ak...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health Planning and Management
ec13c2b3-9b79-42c2-ab28-e38a7132429f
RNA polymerase has which activity -
Primase
Helicase
Ligase
Topoisomerase
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Primaseo DNA synthesis cannot commence with deoxyribonucleotides because DNA polymerase cannot add a mononucleotide to another mononucleotide.o Thus, DNA polymerase cannot initiate synthesis of complementary DNA synthesis strand of DNA on a totally single stranded template.o For this, they require RNA...
Biochemistry
Transcription
5b010840-6b82-4d01-a65e-abd6ca61c438
Which of the following will give Medusa head colony on x-ray -
Hook worm infestation
Round worm infestation
Tenia solium infestation
a + b
1b
single
Ans is 'b' ie. Round worm infestation I have looked in Chapman, Sutton, Sabiston, and Schwaz without any success. Residents do not know about it (Only God Knows)
Surgery
null
7e27bc9a-b6c2-41ec-8918-fb330bac4ca7
Pupillary dilatation is seen in which of the following drug abuse ?
Organophosphorus compounds
Belladona
Heroin
Morphine
1b
single
ATROPA BELLADONNA AND HYOSCYAMUS NIGER: Atropa belladonna/ deadly nightshade is a plant of Europe and Asia. All pas are toxic The active principle is - hyoscyamine. This group of compounds acts by inhibiting the muscarine effects of acetylcholine. Mydriatic Test: A drop of the solution to be tested is put into the eyes...
Forensic Medicine
Drug Abuse
b37456b4-c066-4420-81ce-65b791528f65
Allanto-enteric diverticulum is formed by the outgrowth of-
Yolk sac
Amnion
Intra-embryonic coelom
Extra-embryonic coelom
0a
multi
(A) (Yolk sac):Allantoic diverticulum* Before the formation of the tail fold, a small endodermal diverticulum called the allantoic diverticulum arise from the Yolk Sac near the caudal end of the embryonic disc. This diverticulum grows into the mesoderm of the connecting stalk (figure A). After the formation of the tail...
Anatomy
Embryology
3f79e505-b3a4-49e4-8553-390298a55486
Which of the following drug is not used for MDR-TB?
Amikacin
Kanamycin
Levofloxacin
Ethionamide
0a
single
null
Medicine
null
55f7d887-51b7-4af8-a6d0-188ca50a6817
DOC for Cisplatin induced nausea & vomiting occuring within 24 hours is
Aprepitant
Fosaprepitant
Ondansetron
Promethazine
2c
single
DOC for Cisplatin induced nausea & vomiting within 24 hours is Ondansetron. DOC for Cisplatin induced nausea & vomiting after 2days is Aprepitant.
Pharmacology
null
f367eea9-0eb0-4ea4-a620-38366b30366b
Posterior cord supplies ?
Teres minor
Teres minor
Coracobrachialis
Long head of biceps
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Teres minor Branches of posterior cord are :?Upper subscapular :- Supplies subscapularis.Lower subcapular :- Supplies subscapularis and teres major.Axillary nerve :- Supplies teres minor and deltoid.Thoracodorsal nerve :- Supplies latissimus dorsi.Radial nerve :- Supplies triceps and extensors of elbo...
Anatomy
null
a8b7dc60-ddee-4a8f-b07b-e87bb999d7bc
Macroglosia is seen in -
Amyloidosis
Folic acid deficiency
Motor neurone disease
None
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Amyloidosis
Pathology
null
d526208f-dff6-426c-8de3-69d87a0a23ea
30 years old primipara in labour with transverse lie. Treatment of choice is :
Internal cephalic version
Emergency cesarean section
Wait and watch
External cephalic version
1b
single
Ans. is b i.e. Emergency cesarean section Patients in labour with transverse lie can be managed by external cephalic version followed by surgical rupture of the membrane. But it is impoant to note that the patient is a primigravida with age 30 years i.e. elderly primi, so, ECV is contraindicated.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
f4b1dba6-a5c7-44e8-954f-564f95be334b
Collection of urine sample of a patient of TB kidney is done:
24 hours urine
12 hours urine
In early morning
Any time
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., In early morningSampling - Collect the whole of patient early morning urine on three consecutive days (Previously it was 24 hours urine collection but now it is not recommended).Culture of three morning urine samples yields a definitive diagnosis in 90% cases.
Microbiology
Bacteria
fa75f698-ec3f-4bfe-9c99-80d5f8e9445a
Approach to Caldwell Luc operation is ?
Hard palate
Sublabial sulcus
Inferior metus
Superior meatus
1b
single
Ans. is'b'i.e., Sublabial sulcus[Rel Dhingra Sh/ep. 422)Caldwell-Luc operation is a process of opening the maxillary antrum through canine fossa by sublabial approach and dealing with the pathology inside the antrum.
ENT
null
aa3d5a63-b82d-40dc-b661-52a7e833422a
The following is not a method of isolation of chlamydia from clinical specimens -
Yolk sae inoculation
Enzyme immunoassay
Tissue culture using irradiated McCoy cells.
Tissue culture using irradiated BHK cells
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Enzyme immunoassay Although chlamydia are bacteria, they are obligate intracellular parasites, therefore cultures and other diagnostics tests for chlamydia require procedures much like those used in diagnostic virology laboratories rather than those used in bacteriology laboratories.Diagnosis of chlam...
Microbiology
Bacteria
e068c874-2d0d-4871-9546-77dbaabcb0b3
Bamboo-spine is seen in:
Ankylosing-spondylitis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Paget's disease
All
0a
multi
Ans. a (Ankylosing-spondylitis). (Ref: Sutton Radiology, 6th/pg. l220, Harrison, Medicine, 18th/84,1949)ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS (Marie-Strumple disease or Beschtrew disease)# Bamboo-spine (knobly spine, poker back or universal syndesmophytosis) is a characteristic feature of ankylosing spondylitis.# Syndesmophytes are g...
Radiology
Skeletal System
e6923a9b-c3be-4d6e-a7e4-21d12ec06a65
A sewage worker presents to the emergency depament with fever and jaundice. Laboratory findings reveal an elevated BUN and serum creatinine suggestive of renal failure. Which of the following antibiotics is recommended?
Cotrimaxozole
Erythromycin
Ciprofloxacin
Penicillin G
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Penicillin G . Information in this question are :- i) Patient is sweage worker (high risk group for developing leptospirosis). ii) Jaundice and elevated BUN & creatinine - > Hepatorenal syndrome (Weil's disease). . So, presence of fever, jaundice and elevated BUN & creatinine in a sewage worker ( cont...
Microbiology
null
36f1fbf0-0a80-4b36-8375-3e4133073bf5
Which of the following are situated away from the coding region
Promoter
Enhancer
Operator
All of these
3d
multi
Structural genes are present in coding region. Rest all genes, like promoter gene, operator gene, regulatory gene (enhancer/repressor), are present away from coding region.
Biochemistry
null
511387a1-c024-4747-8e40-b0cdb35b59d7
Apoptosis is characterized by all of the following except -
DNA fragmentation
Chromatin condensation
Cell shrinkage
Inflammation
3d
multi
. Inflammation
Pathology
null
9ba35421-ea94-4fa6-9abc-352edc2787e7
A patient presents with evidence of lytic lesion in the bone. Histology from the bone lesion reveals monoclonal plasma cells. Bone marrow biopsy from the from the sternum shows <10 percent Plasma cells. Skeletal Survey is otherwise unremarkable. A small positive M spike is repoed on electrophoresis. The diagnosis is:
Multiple Myeloma
Plasmacytoma
Smoldering Myeloma
Lymphoma
1b
multi
Answer is B (Plasmacytoma) Presence of a solitary lytic lesion of the bone with monoclonal plasma cells suggests a diagnosis of Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone. A small M spike may be identified in some patients but Bone Marrow biopsy taken some distance away from the primary site is typically not involved typically show...
Medicine
null
21e0fb0d-5497-46f3-98a8-f6378bdd3db5
Most common cause of hypehyroidism-
Thyroid hyperplasia
Thyroid adenoma
Thyroid carcinoma
Grave disease
3d
single
Most common cause of hypehyroidism is Graves' disease - 76% followed by Toxic Multinodular goitre - 14% and Toxic Solitary thyroid adenoma - 5%. Reference : page 740 Davidson's Principles and practice of Medicine 22nd edition
Medicine
Endocrinology
7281b3f0-0088-49ba-b74a-599020cea60f
A contact carrier in cholera has the following characteristic -
Gall bladder is infected
Stools are not positive for cholera vibrio
Does not play any role in spread of infection
Duration of carrier state is less than 10 days
3d
multi
<p> The duration of contact carrier state is usually less than 10 days. The gall bladder is not infected. It plays an impoant role in the spread of cholera. The stool culture is frequently positive for V. cholera O1. Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:230. <\p>
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
46b6c985-70e6-46c1-885c-13ac8e3a1597
Mc Keon, in nineteenth century studied the decline in the incidence of the infectious diseases like tuberculosis and he explained the co-relation between the decline in the incidence of infectious disease and told that the relation is better understood in terms of -
Increased awareness and knowledge
Social and economic factors
Behavioral interventions
Medical interventions
1b
single
null
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
86b1a14e-237a-4ff7-b67a-240a1143f1e0
Discrete muscle of Panninculus carnosus is:-
Temporo parietalis
Occipitalis.
Cremastric.
Daos.
3d
single
Panninculus carnosus is a striated muscle lying in the subcutaneous fascia. Daos muscle is subcutaneous involuntary muscle which continues in front with the fascia of Camper and fascia of Scarpa of anterior abdominal wall. NOTE: In humans the platysma muscle of the neck, palmaris brevis in the hand, and the daos muscle...
Anatomy
Abdominal wall ,Inguinal and Femoral region
dbb88dc3-9cf4-4c17-9845-4ed11c1f4e68
Estimation of free chlorine of water is done by: March 2012, March 2013 (c, g)
Ohotolidine test
Horrock's apparatus
Paterson's chloronome
Kata thermometer
0a
single
Ans: A i.e. Ohotolidine test Test/instruments and their use Ohotolidine test enables both free and combined chlorine in water to be determined with speed and accuracy Horrock's water testing apparatus is designed to find out the dose of bleaching powder required for disinfection of water Paterson's chloronome is one su...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
28086f93-6a45-4fc9-a259-cba21a933d82
Which of the following drugs acts on trabecular meshwork and affects the aquatic outflow
Timolol
Pilocarpine
Brimonidine
Brinzolamide
1b
single
Miotics-like pilocarpine act by increasing the trabecular outflow. Drugs for Glaucoma- Mechanism of Action Brimonidine- Reducing aqueous production and Latanoprost- Increasing uveoscleral flow . Pilocarpine-Increase the trabecular outflow Betaxolol-Reduces aqueous secretion by cilary body Ref-KDT 6/e p145
Pharmacology
Autonomic nervous system
b6a63ccb-de8b-4d1b-8c95-87cfe02bf801
Investigation of choice for detection and characterization of interstitial lung disease is
MRI
Chest x-ray
Venlaon perfusion scan
High resoluon CT
3d
single
High Resoluon CT (HRCT) is investigation of choice for interstitial lung disease as it can delineate the lung parenchyma upto the level of secondary pulmonary lobule.
Medicine
null
8cef1d05-bee4-4fdc-a5c4-e5fcacda3d1b
Craig's cyst is:
Paradental cyst.
Buccal bifurcation cyst.
Collateral cyst.
All of the above.
3d
multi
Paradental cyst is associated with vital tooth and mandibular 3rd molar, recurrent pericoronitis.
Pathology
null
6a1bd621-cf4b-4f75-a8cc-2c5e9f0f320c
If a 4 nucleotide sequence code for an amino acid instead of 3 then theoretically how many unique amino acids could be coded by such a system?
16
64
128
256
3d
multi
There are four types of nucleotides (A, T, G, C). Normally the codons are made up of 3 nucleotides. Thus there are 43 = 64 possible codon combinations. If the codons are made up of 4 nucleotides, then there would be 44 = 256 possible codon combinations. If the codons are made up of 2 nucleotides, there would be 42 = 16...
Biochemistry
null
e3d358a9-5de7-48dd-b934-df3bb7cec44f
First step in control of cholera epidemic-
ORS therapy
Provision of safe water
Verification of diagnosis
Chemoprophylaxis
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Verification of diagnosis o First stem in control of any epidemic is verification of diagnosis.Control of cholera (WHO guidelines)o Measures taken to control cholera epidemic are1) Verification of diagnosis : Identification of V. cholera 01 in stools of few patients is sufficient. It is not necessary ...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Cholera
55f173e9-5881-4ac5-a698-98dc07c00762
Essential amino acids include all EXCEPT:
Methionine
Tryptophan
Leucine
Alanine
3d
multi
ANSWER: (D) AlanineREF: Essentials of Biochemistry - Herbert J. Fromm, Mark Hargrove Page 9Essential amino acids are "essential" not because they are more important to life than the others, but because the body does not synthesize them, making it essential to include them in ones diet in order to obtain them.Nutritiona...
Biochemistry
Miscellaneous (Structure & Function of Proteins)
0df2a685-089c-455d-8e1a-7e41d741e987
Synaptic potentials can be recorded by
Patch clamp technique
Voltage clamp technique
Microelectrode
EEG
2c
single
Potential" refers to electrical potential, or voltage, and paicularly to voltage recorded with a microelectrode embedded within neuronal tissue, typically in the brain of an anesthetized animal or within a thin slice of brain tissue maintained in vitro. The electrical activities in the neurons are rapid being measured ...
Physiology
General physiology
db8da8ad-78b4-465c-8a12-c27420dbc988
which of the following is best for ante-moem diagnosis of rabies?
Anti Rabies antibodies in blood
Immunofluorescence of corneal impression
Negri body detection
Isolation of virus from saliva.
1b
single
Option 1-Anti Rabies antibodies in blood appear late and can also be present after vaccination. So detection of antibodies in CSF is more significant. Option 2: Direct fluorescent antibody test is the ideal method of antemoem diagnosis of rabies. Samples can be: Corneal impression smear is only 30% sensitive, mainly it...
Microbiology
Virology Pa-2 (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses)
6c2b8a1f-c5d4-43a9-8bce-662ae1bd1b1d
"Bamboo spine" is seen in
Ankylosing spondylitis
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hypertrophy
Osteitis fibrosa cystica
All
0a
multi
Ans. a (Ankylosing spondylitis). (Ref. Sutton Textbook of Radiology, 6th ed., 1220)RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS# Radiographically demonstrable sacroiliitis is usually present in AS.# The earliest changes by standard radiography are blurring of the cortical margins of the subchondral bone, followed by...
Radiology
Skeletal System
f46abde9-5952-4dac-a908-5a5a2c991226
Which of the following potentially represents the most dangerous situation?
Rh+ve mother with 2nd Rh-ve child
Rh-ve mother with 2nd Rh+ve child
Rh+ve mother with 1st Rh-ve child
Rh-ve mother with 1st Rh+ve child
1b
multi
* Rh-ve mother with 2nd Rh+ve child can result in the development of hemolytic disease of newborn or erythroblastosis fetalis. So, it is a dangerous condition. * This condition is a type II hypersensitivity reaction. * This is Not to be confused with Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn which is a coagulation disturbance...
Pathology
Hypersensitivity
76742b10-f7be-4d5b-a526-04bab862670b
All of the following activities of Junior Red cross except -
Military hospital worker
Village uplift
Prevent epidemic work
Any of the above
0a
multi
It gives an oppounity to lakhs of boys and girls all over India to be associated with activities like the village uplift,first aid,anti epidemic work and building up of an international fraternity of youth thus promoting international friendliness understanding and cooperation (refer pgno:925 park 23rd edition)
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health care of community & international health
1b1f2830-40ef-4f91-9e0d-2b8b207b3d28
Which of the following is not true about otosclerosis?
Hearing better in louder conditions
The eustachian tube is always abnormal
The tympanic membrane is normal
Bilateral progressive conductive deafness
1b
multi
Ans: B (Eustachian tube is always abnormal) Ref: Diseases of the Ear, Nose, and Throat by PL Dhingra 5th edn.2010. P. 98 Explanation: Eustachian tube function is normal in otosclerosis. Otosclerosis Irregular spongy bone replaces the dense endochondral layer of the bony labyrinth. Hereditary. Associated with Van der ho...
Unknown
null
03f166bd-00d4-486e-a180-1ffd4c0fc636
Vitamin K is involved in the action of the following proteins except
Factor II
Factor X
Factor I
Protein C
2c
multi
Vitamin K dependent factors are Factors II, VII, IX, X, Protein C and S Ref: Ganong 25th ed/page 566
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
f162a241-94e0-475b-85af-0eff52b26936
Berkesonian bias is a selection bias which occurs in-
Community - based studies
Hospital - based sudies
Laboratory - based studies
Natural exposure studies
1b
single
.bias is any systematic error in the determination of the association between the exposure and disease.the relative risk may increase or decreaseas a result of the bias,it reflects some type of non comparability between the study and control groups.berkensonian bias,named after Joseph Berkenson.this bias arises because...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
4a303673-5d11-4aee-ac59-c2f6c6ff2035
Primary ketone body
b-hydroxybutyrate
Acetoacetate
Acetone
None
1b
multi
Acetoacetate is the primary ketone body while beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetone are secondary ketone bodies. They are synthesised exclusively by the liver mitochondriaRef: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 143
Biochemistry
Metabolism of lipid
ea268593-b72d-44e5-9a4b-6e60cabd38b0
The nasopharynx is visualised in OPD by:
PNS mirror
Tongue depressor
Both PNS mirror and tongue depressor
None
2c
multi
(c) Both PNS (postnasal space) mirror and tongue depressor(Ref. Scott Brown, Vol 3; 98)To examine nasopharynx or post nasal space in OPD, posterior rhinoscopy is done.Here the tongue is depressed using a tongue depressor and then the PNS mirror is passed behind the uvula. The glass surface of the PNS mirror is pre warm...
ENT
Pharynx
3d5cba40-ca33-4156-a30b-ce706f97c0e3
Injury that comes under sec 320 IPC -
Abrasion over face
Nasal bone fracture
Epistaxis
Lacerated wound over scalp
1b
single
Sec 320 IPC defines grievous hurt and among the given options, only b (fracture) is grievous injury.
Forensic Medicine
null
974aee4e-fd03-47a9-8d5f-b7ed3a2701a3
Which one of the following is not a feature of clear cell carcinoma of the kidney?
Bony secondaries
Childhood tumour
Haematuria
Renal vein invasion
1b
single
* Clear cell carcinoma arises from Proximal Convoluted Tubule * Most common ,associated with VHL gene mutation, invade the renal vein& bony secondaries. * Clinical features : -Hematuria -Palpable mass -Costoveebral pain -Fever/ weight loss/malaise * It is not a childhood tumor.
Pathology
Renal carcinoma
1574a5c2-1d3a-4d9c-8ac4-06dfeea5f7c5
In a dental clinic, auxiliary perform duties after personal diagnosis and direction of dentist and patient is sent after his clearance comes under
Direct guidance/ supervision
Indirect guidance/ supervision
Personal guidance/ supervision
General guidance/ supervision
0a
single
null
Dental
null
50b57763-0c1e-4ca8-95e8-f7ae72eaeb6c
Not true about propagated epidemics
Herd immunity present
Sharp rise and decrease sharply
Person to person transmission
Multiple waves of epidemic
1b
multi
null
Dental
null
f3dd0132-3ff5-4820-a4aa-b328dfa05993
Patient diagnosed to have malaria, smear shows all stage of schizonts 14-20 merozoites, yellowish -brown pigment. The type of malaria is -
Pl. Falciparum
Pi. Malariae
Pl. Vivax
Pl. Ovale
2c
multi
null
Microbiology
parasitology
fb4e4761-2b46-43b5-ae8d-496a1e23bf4c
A neonate had suffered from a teratogenic insult during embryonic growth that has affected the mesencephalic pa of his developing neural tube. In the presented cast of his ventricular system (left lateral view), which of the following areas might have suffered
Area B
Area C
Area D
Area E
2c
single
The cerebral aqueduct (D) is the cavity of the midbrain that develops from the mesencephalon. The lateral ventricle (A) is the cavity of telencephalon and the third ventricle (C) is the cavity of diencephalon. The interventricular foramen of Monro (B) serves as the communication between the two. The fouh ventricle (E) ...
Anatomy
Neuroanatomy, Head and Neck
e1891651-bf7a-4679-bc07-d661283e32e7
A patient needs antibiotic treatment for Aificial valve, culture positive infective entercoccal endocarditis. His medical history include several anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G during the past year. The best approach would be treatment with
Amoxicillin clavulanic acid
Aztreonam
Cefazolin plus gentamicin
Vancomycin
3d
single
Ref-KDT 6/e 732 * Severe allergy to penicillins rule out the use of amoxicillin and cefazolin. * Vancomycin is highly effective against MRSA and enterococcal intections. * Drugs for VRSA and VRE (Vancomvcin Resistant enterococcus faecalis) include linezolid and daptomycin.
Anatomy
Other topics and Adverse effects
ca089948-e471-4aa8-8770-b54c4a7f63c1
Hypersensitivity angiitis is seen in?
SLE
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Buerger's disease
Henoch Schonlein purpura
3d
single
Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis (also known as “Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis and “Hypersensitivity angiitis”) is an inflammation of small blood vessels characterized clinically by palpable purpura. Subtypes of Small-Vessel Vasculitis Include: • Henoch-Schonlein purpura • Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy • Ur...
Pathology
null
a1c9f8bf-e6d6-4f2b-946e-ba932e283f56
Treatment of Hodgkin's disease -
CHOP
MOPP
ABVD
All of the above
3d
multi
null
Medicine
null
7067e1bc-2445-4585-8a6a-c2ef63dfc666
Marfan's syndrome has which of the following prominent eye defects?
Megalocornea
Microcornea
Microspherophakia
Ectopia lentis
3d
single
Marfan's syndrome is characterized by ectopia lentis (superior-temporal) 80% and megalocornea 15% in the eye. Ref: A.K KHURANA (2005), Chapter 8, "Disease of The Lens", In the book, "Opthalmology", 3rd Edition, Newdelhi, Page 210
Ophthalmology
null
57afc867-2b7e-4ff0-b237-5cc730eb66c3
Which of the following is cardio protective?
HDL
LDL
VLDL
CHYLOMICRON
0a
single
Cardioprotective: HDL It is synthesized and secreted by liver cells. It has maximum phospholipids. It takes cholesterol from periphery to liver, also known as reverse cholesterol transpo. HDL conves this cholesterol into cholesterol ester with the help of enzyme LCAT-Lecithin Cholesterol Acyl Transferase. Removes chole...
Biochemistry
FMGE 2019
002bc54b-1848-4d1a-8faa-2771da6c0938
Introns are exised by
RNA splicing
RNA editing
Restriction endonuclease
DNAase
0a
single
Introns are excised by RNA splicing by Sn-RNAs/Snurp.
Biochemistry
null
97b618d2-e538-4e63-babf-8a5002e22cb2
All are true regarding Normal distribution curve except
One standard detion includes 95% of values
Mean, Median, Mode coincides
Median is mid value
Area under the curve is one
0a
multi
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION The normal distribution or 'normal curve' is an impoant concept in statistical theory. Let us suppose, we collect the haemoglobin values of a very large number of people and make a frequency distribution with narrow class intervals, we are likely to get a smooth, symmetrical curve. Such a curve is c...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Biostatistics
2db364ab-1afa-49bf-a766-0bf4be574965
Which one of the following disinfectant is effective in killing spores -
Alcohol
Aldehyde
Halogens
Phenol
2c
single
Halogens are potent bactericidal, fungicidal, sporicidal, tuberculocidal, and virucidal. Others are given are only slowly effective against spores. Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine.K Park. Edition 23.Pg no: 128
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
f6e7113b-9509-4a56-8725-f975923ec2f8
Incidental finding in CT scan, a 3 cm adrenal mass, which of the following is not done?
Adrenalectomy
Dexamethasone suppression test
Measurement of catecholamines
Midnight plasma coisol
0a
single
Nonoperative therapy, with close periodic follow-up, is advised for lesions <4 cm in diameter with benign imaging characteristics, whereas adrenalectomy is recommended for lesions >=4 cm in size due to the increased risk of cancer.
Surgery
Parathyroid and adrenal glands
9c649770-c6dc-4106-bda9-245c2fc076c5
Trabecular (conventional) outflow of aqueous humour accounts for:
90 percent
80 percent
70 percent
60 percent
0a
single
Ans. 90 percent
Ophthalmology
null
74b00971-a56b-4eef-8bff-b4c32464376c
False about Echinococcus granulosus is
Man is the dead end
Causes hydatid disease
Casoni's test is Sensitive
Hydatid fluid is secreted by Ectocyst
3d
multi
Hydatid fluid is Secreted by Endocyst also called as Germinal epithelium.
Microbiology
null
d3be89a4-9bd5-46a8-8d62-af21c0a5b899
In humans, nails grow at an average rate of ______ a month:
1 mm
3 mm
5 mm
7 mm
1b
single
In humans, nails grow at an average rate of 3 mm (0.12 in) a month. Fingernails require three to six months to regrow completely, and toenails require twelve to eighteen months. Actual growth rate is dependent upon age, sex, season, exercise level, diet, and hereditary factors. Nails grow faster in the summer than they...
Dental
Disorders of nail
3f9d0cd4-0bdb-497f-83ba-bcda7437f8da
About Myocardial Oxygen Consumption true is:
Inverse relation with hea rate
Inverse relation to mean systolic aerial pressure
Constant relation to external work done
Directly propoional to mean aerial pressure
3d
multi
D i.e. Directly propoional to mean aerial pressure- Myocardial O2 demand/ consumption is primarly determined by hea rate, contractility of myocardium (or ventricles) (i.e. inotropy), intramyocardial wall tension (which is directly propoional to after load or intra cavitatory pressure and preload or ventricular radius a...
Physiology
null
12ebc2b3-2674-4d78-a092-4c6bb7cadd34
Renal angle lies between -
12th rib & lateral border of sacrospinalis
11th rib & lateral border of sacrospinalis
12th rib & lateral border of quadratus lumborum
11th rib & lateral border of quadratus lumborum
0a
single
The angle between the lower border of 12th rib and the outer border of erector spinae (sacrospinalis) is known as a renal angle.
Anatomy
null
9ecd801b-63fa-471d-9393-faacb0607d4f
MC congenital abnormality of uterus is :
Uterus didelphys
Arcuate
Unicornuate
Septate
3d
single
Septate Sorry for this one friends, 2 very reliable textbooks quote different incidences of different malformations. Anomaly r Per cent Anomaly Per cent' * Bicornuate uterus 37% * Septate uterus 35% * Arcuate uterus 15%. * Bicornuate uterus 26% I * Incomplete septum 13%' * Arcuate uterus 18% * Uterus didelphys 11% * Un...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
e6252ce5-6cf4-4496-a7c3-4ebfb38c4c15
White-coat hypeension is an example of :
the unconditioned stimulus
the unconditioned response
the conditioned stimulus
the conditioned response
3d
single
The patient's elevated blood pressure in the doctor's office is the conditioned (learned) response. This response results from an association that has been made by classical conditioning between the doctor and/or his white coat (conditioned stimulus) and something negative in the patient's past (unconditioned stimulus)...
Psychiatry
Miscellaneous
36bdf397-8da3-4c0c-a8a5-120885df1742
The heme prosthetic group is found in
Myoglobin
Cytochrome oxidase
Xanthine oxidase
Tyrosine
0a
single
Myoglobin is a monomeric protein that acts as a secondary oxygen transporter and binder in the muscle tissues. Furthermore, the tertiary feature of myoglobin resembles water-soluble globule protein characteristics. The diffusion and use of oxygen in the muscles are necessary for the bodily system processes such as re...
Biochemistry
null
2d4caa87-b52f-46c7-ae88-1171bc531163
An antiepileptic drug used in petitmal epilepsy is:
Phenobarbitonse
Dilantoin sodium
Dilantoin sodium
Ethosuximide
3d
single
null
Pharmacology
null
99223f9f-20cc-44c9-acbe-2d272fd56781
The earliest diagnostic test of pregnancy :
Ultrasound
Beta HCG
Fetal movements
Fetal hea sounds
1b
single
Beta HCG
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
338789a0-9686-454f-a8cf-070de9ca03f5
Which sensitizes the myocardium to catecholamines
Isflurane
Ether
Halothane
Propofol
2c
single
Halothane-catecholamine sensitization also promotes abnormal automaticity of dominant and latent atrial pacemakers. These effects may produce premature ventricular contractions and arrhythmias originating from the His bundle. Intact sinoatrial node function reduces the incidence of epinephrine induced ventricular escap...
Anaesthesia
General anaesthesia
f756dfcb-6285-4c43-ace4-4f889af1b9ab
Dystocia dystrophia syndrome is seen in
Anthropoid
Platypelloid pelvis
Android pelvis
Gynaecoid pelvis
2c
single
Dystocia dystrophia syndrome Charecteristic appearence Short  Stalky Subfertile  Masculine hair distribution History of delayed menarche Has android pelvis
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
c0abf81f-1503-45d9-b852-7f605f451f6f
Carpel tunnel syndrome is caused by all except
Rheumatoid ahritis
Hypothyroidism
Addisson's disease
Diabetes mellitus
2c
multi
Ref - Researchgate.net
Anatomy
Upper limb
032f260f-7796-4967-914e-3b775e21f775
All of the following are risk factors for carcinoma gall bladder, EXCEPT -
Typhoid carriers
Adenomatous gall bladder polyps
Choledochal cysts
Oral contraceptives
3d
multi
null
Surgery
null
6e90315e-2341-44dd-892e-26443d3dc27f
A 25 year old female comes to OPD with history of spots, red bumps that are located principally on the proximal cheeks, central chin, nose and central forehead. It gets aggravated on sun exposure. On examination, telangiectasia is seen on cheeks. What is the most probable cause ?
Polymorphic light eruption
SLE
Acne vulgaris
Rosacea
3d
multi
The given clinical scenario is of Rosacea as it gets aggravated on exposure to sunlight, redness seen on face convexities and telangiectasia Rosacea has 4 subtypes : Subtype 1: Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETTR). Subtype 2: Papulopustular rosacea (PPR). Subtype 3: Phymatous rosacea (PR). Subtype 4: Ocular rosacea ...
Dental
Disorders of sebaceous and sweat glands
5ebc308c-ac76-48e9-a61d-77dbc93034ea
Hypogonadism in cirrhosis is due to ?
Direct effect of alcohol on testes
Increased estrogen due to decreased catabolism
Increased peripheral conversion of androgens into estrogen
All
3d
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Direct effect of alcohol on testes ; 'b' i.e., Increased estrogen due to decreased catabolism; 'c' i.e., Increased peripheral conversion of androgens into estrogeno The testicular atrophy is due to disorder of hormonal metabolism or direct toxic effect on testis.o In cirrhosis of liver a combined test...
Pathology
null
a3b87d49-5f09-4ccf-a5fc-c199a2296ed7
Pseudo Cushing's syndrome is seen in?
Obesity
Alcoholism
Depression
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. D. All of the abovePseudo Cushing's syndrome:a. Some patient resemble like Cushing's syndrome (Pseudo Cushing syndrome).b. These are patient with obesity, chronic alcoholism, depression and acute illness of any type.
Medicine
Miscellaneous
3a8df07f-b80d-4859-83af-607609977d98
Which of the following mucolytic contains free sulphydryl group
Guanfacine
Ambroxal
Carbocistene
N-Acetyl cysteine
3d
single
null
Pharmacology
null
d457b779-e63c-4467-9ead-d36728ca1c54
Pupil in acute attack of Anterior Uveitis is –a) Semi Dilatedb) Large and fixedc) Irregular & constrictedd) Constricted & sluggish reacting
cd
bc
bd
ac
0a
single
There is a narrowing of the pupil (miosis) due to irritation of sphincter pupillae by toxins. Iris edema and engorged radial vessels of iris also contribute to making the pupil narrow. The shape of pupil becomes irregular due to segmental posterior synechiae. The papillary reaction becomes sluggish or may even be absen...
Ophthalmology
null
979a1306-7087-4017-bbc3-b302bb68f710
Shrinking lung syndrome is seen most commonly in -
SLE
Scleroderma
Rheumatoid arthritis
Ankylosingspondilytis
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' SLE Shrinking Lung syndrome* First described by Hoffbrand and beck in 1965.* It manifests as dysnea and is best characterized as diaphragmatic dysfunction leading to diminished lung volumes.* Radiographic evaluation shows diaphragmatic elevation with bibasilar atelectasis - in the absence of parenchymal lun...
Medicine
Respiratory