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2b8a3961-bacc-4d6d-bd77-14258285bb24 | Primary cause of hyaline membrane disease is | Prematurity | Oxygen toxicity | Alveolar inflammation | Surfactant deficiency | 3d | single | Ans. d (Surfactant deficiency). (Ref. Nelson, Textbook of Paediatrics, 18th/731)HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE# Common in premature, IDM and infants delivered by caesarean section.# Clinically manifests shortly after birth (dyspnoea and cyanotic attacks).# X-ray chest shows "ground glass" mottling.# As HMD progresses, influx... | Pediatrics | New Born Infants |
a2914d7d-f520-476f-a51e-1e5ac51f12c7 | Meckel's derived from; | Proximal part of VID | Distal part of VID | Entire VID | Urachus | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Proximal part of VIDRef: Sabiston 20th edition, Page 1284* Meckel's diverticulum results from incomplete closure of proximal VID* Raspberry tumor (Umbilical adenoma) is persistence of distal VID | Surgery | Small & Large Intestine |
d511635b-7723-42f3-bc8e-74b8d2da653d | Effo during normal respiration is done due to ? | Lung elasticity | Respiratory air passages | Alveolar air spaces | Creating negative pleural pressure | 0a | single | A i.e. Lung elasticity | Physiology | null |
51fe5c68-dc49-43a9-9d84-b0f7d0f81366 | The Most common fungus to cause meningitis is | Blastomyces dermatitides | Candida albicans | Cryptococcus neoformans | Coccidioides immitis | 2c | single | (C) Cryptococcus neoformans | Microbiology | Misc. |
60e0c9b4-f638-4da4-b659-4a270855d581 | Stellwag'sign is: | Absence of normal winking. | Failure of convergence of eye balls. | Exophthalmos. | None. | 0a | multi | null | Surgery | null |
52f0d816-ae13-4537-88cb-6789a498f8d2 | Condition which does not cause metabolic acidosis | Renal failure | Pyloric stenosis | Biliary fistula | Ureterosigmoidostomy | 1b | single | Pyloric stenosis causes Metabolic alkalosis. Rest all causes metabolic acidosis. | Surgery | null |
8cbd805c-9a98-48f6-bea8-972847734b3d | Classical cesarean section in indicated in a patient with : | Previous cesarean section | Placenta pre | Carcinoma cervix | Shoulder presentation | 2c | single | Carcinoma cervix | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
d3c46aa3-e092-4590-9f1d-9cee42703bfd | True about subcutaneous nodule in Rheumatic fevera) Non tenderb) Most common manifestationc) Present in extensor surfacesd) Associated with arthritis | ac | bc | ad | b | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
7368afb5-786e-410d-8674-f12ce9bdec3f | Hyperbilirubinemia in a child can be due to –a) Breast milk jaundiceb) Cystic fibrosisc) Fanconi's syndromed) α–1 antitrypsin deficiency | ad | c | ac | ab | 0a | single | al-antitrypsin deficiency can cause cholestatic Jaundice. | Pediatrics | null |
3aee592b-43a9-4777-bc47-77941eae9fb7 | An obsessive compulsive neurosis patient is likely to develop: | Hallucination | Depression | Delusion | Schizophrenia | 1b | multi | Most of the patients with OCD, develop secondary depression. It is the M/C Comorbidity associated with OCD. The lifetime prevalence for major depressive disorder in persons with OCD is 67%. | Psychiatry | Neurotic, Stress Related and Somatoform Disorders |
2201f40d-2ac0-465d-92c5-a01d18522f18 | Patient with genotype X0 will have following phenotype, except: PGI 09; WB 09; MAHE 12 | Tall stature | Broad chest | Webbed neck | Lymphedema | 0a | multi | Ans. Tall stature | Forensic Medicine | null |
af26b5f0-be33-4627-ac26-fc356b39b814 | Cell-matrix adhesions are mediated by | Cadherins | Integrins | Selectins | Calmodulin | 1b | single | . | Pathology | General pathology |
36724429-06b0-4f79-beee-cec6fde30782 | Which type of chocking in SHOT gun produce maximum dispersion of pellets? | Fully chocked | Half | Quaer | Three fouh | 2c | single | Firearm are of 2 types - rifled and shotgun weapons. The rifled weapon contains grooves called riffling. In shotgun no grooves are present so it is also known as smooth bore gun in which small lead shots or pellets are used which spreads to other distances when the lead pellets come out. This is called dispersion. To a... | Forensic Medicine | Ballistics |
3f15d58f-0ce8-4a23-850c-d38c3fc0b560 | True statement about Antistreptolysin &;O&; titre is | In normal people the titre is <200 | In acute glomerunephritis the titre is low | ASO titre >200 indicate rheumatic fever | Streptozyme test is an active haemagglutination test | 1b | multi | In Rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis, a retrospective diagnosis of streptococcal infection may be established by demonstrating high levels of antibody to streptococcal toxins. The standard test in antistreptolysin O titration. High levels are usually found in acute rheumatic fever but in glomerulonephritis, titers... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
2adacb9b-8446-43d6-891f-e7f5836b614f | Toxic epidermal necrolysis {TEN} involves body surface area | <10% | 10-20% | 20-30% | >30 | 3d | single | Based on body surface area ( BSA) of skin involved, epidermal necrolysis is classified into SJS: less than 10% BSASJS_TEN overlap: 10-30% BSA TEN : more than 30% BSA. From illustrated synopsis of dermatology and sexually transmitted diseases neena khanna 5th edition page no 92 | Dental | Vestibulobullous disorders |
577f587f-6bb7-497b-ab71-3dc9465300ba | Incidence of suicide is- | 8-10 / 100 population | 8-10 / 10000 population | 8-10 / 1 lac population | 8-10 / 10 lac population | 2c | single | C i.e. 8-10 / 1 lac population | Forensic Medicine | null |
7314aa3d-0f4e-47e8-a5a1-cb59e0e70c58 | All are indications for surgery in bronchiectasis except: | Refractory foul smelling copious sputum | Hemoptysis | Bilateral disease | Bleeding | 2c | multi | Ans: C (Bilateral disease) Ref: Schwartz s Principles of Surgery: 9th EditionExplanation:"Patients with diffuse bilateral disease, of which cystic fibrosis is the best example, rarely benefit from resection and should be considered for lung transplantation as they approach end-stage disease. " (Ref: Schwartz)Treatment ... | Surgery | Stomach & Duodenum |
3135aaaa-eaf4-49d4-93ff-d1e5765b332a | Most common type of psoriasis – | Plaque psoriasis | Psoriasis vulgaris | Both 1 and 2 | Penile psoriasis | 2c | multi | Plaque psoriasis, also known as psoriasis vulgaris is the most common type and usual form of psoriasis. | Dental | null |
55157ae0-fbcd-443a-9c06-36b3bef4b357 | Which of the following is not an indication of radiotherapy in Pleomorphic adenoma of parotid? | Involvement of deep lobe | 2nd histologically benign recurrence | Microscopically positive margins | Malignant transformation | 1b | multi | Ans. is none or (b) is the best option The above mentioned books mention the following indications of postop radiotherapy in Pleomorphic adenoma of parotid. Indications for postop radiotherapy in Pleomorphic adenoma Involvement of the deep lobe of the parotid Recurrent lesions Large (> 5 cm) lesions, which may not allo... | Surgery | null |
f352b39c-1ce3-49f3-b4dc-49aa21aedb36 | The dietary fats are transmitted from GIT to adipocytes in the form of | Diacyl glycerol | Triacylglycerol | Fat misseles | Chylomicrons | 3d | single | TG derived from intestinal absorption of fats are transpoed in the blood as a lipoprotein complex called chylomicrons. Chylomicrons are small microscopic paicles of fats, about 1m in diameter and are responsible for transpo of exogenous (TG) in the blood. * Similarly, TG that are synthesised in Liver cells is conveed t... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of lipid |
4395069d-44f5-4cfc-8cf0-8d7d9ed33202 | Splicing activity is a function of | mRNA | snRNA | rRNA | tRNA | 1b | single | A small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is one of many small RNA species confined to the nucleus; several of the snRNAs are involved in splicing or other RNA processing reactions.Small cytoplasmic RNAs (scRNA) are present in the cytoplasm and (sometimes are also found in the nucleus).snRNPs (snurp) are small nuclear ribonucleoprot... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids |
9e81fcd0-6ca6-41ce-b874-2b46a17a50d1 | Patient presenting with cutaneous vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, peripheral neuropathy, which of the following will help in diagnosis? | ANCA | RA factor | Hbsag | MIF | 0a | single | Ref. API Textbook of Medicine. Pg. 1313
Cutaneous vasculitis features – Diagnosis
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs):
Group of autoantibodies
IgG type mainly,
Produced against antigens in cytoplasm of neutrophil granulocytes & monocytes.
Particularly associated with systemic vasculitis, so called “ANCA-a... | Unknown | null |
f2151faa-c31b-4401-acdc-ccef4f852a3c | Meningococci differ from gonococci as they: | Are intracellular | Possess a capsule | Causes fermentation of glucose | Are oxidase positive | 1b | single | Characteristics Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria meningitidis 1 Referred Gonococcus Meningococcus. 2 Vaccine Development No Serogroup A, B, C, Y and W-135 meningococcal infections can be prevented by vaccines. 3 Colony Morphology Smooth, round, moist, uniform grey/brown colonies with a greenish colour Smooth, round, moi... | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology Pa 1 (Gram Positive Cocci, Gram Negative Cocci) |
0df54f8e-0373-4ef8-9d7a-83ae9f60ccca | Enzyme used in Leukemia- | Asparginase | Lipase | Amylase | Transminase | 0a | single | Asparaginase. Asparaginase is an enzyme that is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication, L-asparaginase is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given by injection into a vein, muscle, or under the skin Ref Davidson 23rd... | Medicine | Haematology |
134c5bb9-7268-4588-a165-04ed8c3964a4 | Tillaux's sign is seen in | Abdominal tuberculosis | Peritonitis | Mesenteric cyst | Misty mesentery | 2c | single | Tillaux's sign: In mesenteric cyst, the swelling moves freely in a plane at right angles to the attachment of the mesenteryRef: Bailey and love 27e pg: 1063 | Surgery | General surgery |
d02ae023-23cd-4356-84e9-4ef4d33bba0a | Oncogenic virus is: | CMV | VZV | Polio virus | EBV | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., EBV (Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 565 and 8th/e, p. 563)* EBV has been implicated in causation of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma. | Microbiology | Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
9d99b5b0-1654-439b-9e07-03f062f675f2 | Integration of health services was first proposed by? | Bhore committee | Jungallwalla commite | Mudaliar commite | Srivastava commite | 1b | multi | ANSWER: (B) Jungallwalla commiteREF: Park 20th ed p. 778See APPENDIX-45 below for "Health planning committee" APPENDIX - 45Health Planning CommitteeBHORECOMMITTEE1946Before 1st five year planIntegration of preventive and curative servicesPrimary health Centre (short term plan-1 PHC/40,000 population & long term plan ak... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health Planning and Management |
ec13c2b3-9b79-42c2-ab28-e38a7132429f | RNA polymerase has which activity - | Primase | Helicase | Ligase | Topoisomerase | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Primaseo DNA synthesis cannot commence with deoxyribonucleotides because DNA polymerase cannot add a mononucleotide to another mononucleotide.o Thus, DNA polymerase cannot initiate synthesis of complementary DNA synthesis strand of DNA on a totally single stranded template.o For this, they require RNA... | Biochemistry | Transcription |
5b010840-6b82-4d01-a65e-abd6ca61c438 | Which of the following will give Medusa head colony on x-ray - | Hook worm infestation | Round worm infestation | Tenia solium infestation | a + b | 1b | single | Ans is 'b' ie. Round worm infestation I have looked in Chapman, Sutton, Sabiston, and Schwaz without any success. Residents do not know about it (Only God Knows) | Surgery | null |
7e27bc9a-b6c2-41ec-8918-fb330bac4ca7 | Pupillary dilatation is seen in which of the following drug abuse ? | Organophosphorus compounds | Belladona | Heroin | Morphine | 1b | single | ATROPA BELLADONNA AND HYOSCYAMUS NIGER: Atropa belladonna/ deadly nightshade is a plant of Europe and Asia. All pas are toxic The active principle is - hyoscyamine. This group of compounds acts by inhibiting the muscarine effects of acetylcholine. Mydriatic Test: A drop of the solution to be tested is put into the eyes... | Forensic Medicine | Drug Abuse |
b37456b4-c066-4420-81ce-65b791528f65 | Allanto-enteric diverticulum is formed by the outgrowth of- | Yolk sac | Amnion | Intra-embryonic coelom | Extra-embryonic coelom | 0a | multi | (A) (Yolk sac):Allantoic diverticulum* Before the formation of the tail fold, a small endodermal diverticulum called the allantoic diverticulum arise from the Yolk Sac near the caudal end of the embryonic disc. This diverticulum grows into the mesoderm of the connecting stalk (figure A). After the formation of the tail... | Anatomy | Embryology |
3f79e505-b3a4-49e4-8553-390298a55486 | Which of the following drug is not used for MDR-TB? | Amikacin | Kanamycin | Levofloxacin | Ethionamide | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
55f7d887-51b7-4af8-a6d0-188ca50a6817 | DOC for Cisplatin induced nausea & vomiting occuring within 24 hours is | Aprepitant | Fosaprepitant | Ondansetron | Promethazine | 2c | single | DOC for Cisplatin induced nausea & vomiting within 24 hours is Ondansetron.
DOC for Cisplatin induced nausea & vomiting after 2days is Aprepitant. | Pharmacology | null |
f367eea9-0eb0-4ea4-a620-38366b30366b | Posterior cord supplies ? | Teres minor | Teres minor | Coracobrachialis | Long head of biceps | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Teres minor Branches of posterior cord are :?Upper subscapular :- Supplies subscapularis.Lower subcapular :- Supplies subscapularis and teres major.Axillary nerve :- Supplies teres minor and deltoid.Thoracodorsal nerve :- Supplies latissimus dorsi.Radial nerve :- Supplies triceps and extensors of elbo... | Anatomy | null |
a8b7dc60-ddee-4a8f-b07b-e87bb999d7bc | Macroglosia is seen in - | Amyloidosis | Folic acid deficiency | Motor neurone disease | None | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Amyloidosis | Pathology | null |
d526208f-dff6-426c-8de3-69d87a0a23ea | 30 years old primipara in labour with transverse lie. Treatment of choice is : | Internal cephalic version | Emergency cesarean section | Wait and watch | External cephalic version | 1b | single | Ans. is b i.e. Emergency cesarean section Patients in labour with transverse lie can be managed by external cephalic version followed by surgical rupture of the membrane. But it is impoant to note that the patient is a primigravida with age 30 years i.e. elderly primi, so, ECV is contraindicated. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f4b1dba6-a5c7-44e8-954f-564f95be334b | Collection of urine sample of a patient of TB kidney is done: | 24 hours urine | 12 hours urine | In early morning | Any time | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., In early morningSampling - Collect the whole of patient early morning urine on three consecutive days (Previously it was 24 hours urine collection but now it is not recommended).Culture of three morning urine samples yields a definitive diagnosis in 90% cases. | Microbiology | Bacteria |
fa75f698-ec3f-4bfe-9c99-80d5f8e9445a | Approach to Caldwell Luc operation is ? | Hard palate | Sublabial sulcus | Inferior metus | Superior meatus | 1b | single | Ans. is'b'i.e., Sublabial sulcus[Rel Dhingra Sh/ep. 422)Caldwell-Luc operation is a process of opening the maxillary antrum through canine fossa by sublabial approach and dealing with the pathology inside the antrum. | ENT | null |
aa3d5a63-b82d-40dc-b661-52a7e833422a | The following is not a method of isolation of chlamydia from clinical specimens - | Yolk sae inoculation | Enzyme immunoassay | Tissue culture using irradiated McCoy cells. | Tissue culture using irradiated BHK cells | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Enzyme immunoassay Although chlamydia are bacteria, they are obligate intracellular parasites, therefore cultures and other diagnostics tests for chlamydia require procedures much like those used in diagnostic virology laboratories rather than those used in bacteriology laboratories.Diagnosis of chlam... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
e068c874-2d0d-4871-9546-77dbaabcb0b3 | Bamboo-spine is seen in: | Ankylosing-spondylitis | Rheumatoid arthritis | Paget's disease | All | 0a | multi | Ans. a (Ankylosing-spondylitis). (Ref: Sutton Radiology, 6th/pg. l220, Harrison, Medicine, 18th/84,1949)ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS (Marie-Strumple disease or Beschtrew disease)# Bamboo-spine (knobly spine, poker back or universal syndesmophytosis) is a characteristic feature of ankylosing spondylitis.# Syndesmophytes are g... | Radiology | Skeletal System |
e6923a9b-c3be-4d6e-a7e4-21d12ec06a65 | A sewage worker presents to the emergency depament with fever and jaundice. Laboratory findings reveal an elevated BUN and serum creatinine suggestive of renal failure. Which of the following antibiotics is recommended? | Cotrimaxozole | Erythromycin | Ciprofloxacin | Penicillin G | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Penicillin G . Information in this question are :- i) Patient is sweage worker (high risk group for developing leptospirosis). ii) Jaundice and elevated BUN & creatinine - > Hepatorenal syndrome (Weil's disease). . So, presence of fever, jaundice and elevated BUN & creatinine in a sewage worker ( cont... | Microbiology | null |
36f1fbf0-0a80-4b36-8375-3e4133073bf5 | Which of the following are situated away from the coding region | Promoter | Enhancer | Operator | All of these | 3d | multi | Structural genes are present in coding region. Rest all genes, like promoter gene, operator gene, regulatory gene (enhancer/repressor), are present away from coding region. | Biochemistry | null |
511387a1-c024-4747-8e40-b0cdb35b59d7 | Apoptosis is characterized by all of the following except - | DNA fragmentation | Chromatin condensation | Cell shrinkage | Inflammation | 3d | multi | . Inflammation | Pathology | null |
9ba35421-ea94-4fa6-9abc-352edc2787e7 | A patient presents with evidence of lytic lesion in the bone. Histology from the bone lesion reveals monoclonal plasma cells. Bone marrow biopsy from the from the sternum shows <10 percent Plasma cells. Skeletal Survey is otherwise unremarkable. A small positive M spike is repoed on electrophoresis. The diagnosis is: | Multiple Myeloma | Plasmacytoma | Smoldering Myeloma | Lymphoma | 1b | multi | Answer is B (Plasmacytoma) Presence of a solitary lytic lesion of the bone with monoclonal plasma cells suggests a diagnosis of Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone. A small M spike may be identified in some patients but Bone Marrow biopsy taken some distance away from the primary site is typically not involved typically show... | Medicine | null |
21e0fb0d-5497-46f3-98a8-f6378bdd3db5 | Most common cause of hypehyroidism- | Thyroid hyperplasia | Thyroid adenoma | Thyroid carcinoma | Grave disease | 3d | single | Most common cause of hypehyroidism is Graves' disease - 76% followed by Toxic Multinodular goitre - 14% and Toxic Solitary thyroid adenoma - 5%. Reference : page 740 Davidson's Principles and practice of Medicine 22nd edition | Medicine | Endocrinology |
7281b3f0-0088-49ba-b74a-599020cea60f | A contact carrier in cholera has the following characteristic - | Gall bladder is infected | Stools are not positive for cholera vibrio | Does not play any role in spread of infection | Duration of carrier state is less than 10 days | 3d | multi | <p> The duration of contact carrier state is usually less than 10 days. The gall bladder is not infected. It plays an impoant role in the spread of cholera. The stool culture is frequently positive for V. cholera O1. Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:230. <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
46b6c985-70e6-46c1-885c-13ac8e3a1597 | Mc Keon, in nineteenth century studied the decline in the incidence of the infectious diseases like tuberculosis and he explained the co-relation between the decline in the incidence of infectious disease and told that the relation is better understood in terms of - | Increased awareness and knowledge | Social and economic factors | Behavioral interventions | Medical interventions | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
86b1a14e-237a-4ff7-b67a-240a1143f1e0 | Discrete muscle of Panninculus carnosus is:- | Temporo parietalis | Occipitalis. | Cremastric. | Daos. | 3d | single | Panninculus carnosus is a striated muscle lying in the subcutaneous fascia. Daos muscle is subcutaneous involuntary muscle which continues in front with the fascia of Camper and fascia of Scarpa of anterior abdominal wall. NOTE: In humans the platysma muscle of the neck, palmaris brevis in the hand, and the daos muscle... | Anatomy | Abdominal wall ,Inguinal and Femoral region |
dbb88dc3-9cf4-4c17-9845-4ed11c1f4e68 | Estimation of free chlorine of water is done by: March 2012, March 2013 (c, g) | Ohotolidine test | Horrock's apparatus | Paterson's chloronome | Kata thermometer | 0a | single | Ans: A i.e. Ohotolidine test Test/instruments and their use Ohotolidine test enables both free and combined chlorine in water to be determined with speed and accuracy Horrock's water testing apparatus is designed to find out the dose of bleaching powder required for disinfection of water Paterson's chloronome is one su... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
28086f93-6a45-4fc9-a259-cba21a933d82 | Which of the following drugs acts on trabecular meshwork and affects the aquatic outflow | Timolol | Pilocarpine | Brimonidine | Brinzolamide | 1b | single | Miotics-like pilocarpine act by increasing the trabecular outflow. Drugs for Glaucoma- Mechanism of Action Brimonidine- Reducing aqueous production and Latanoprost- Increasing uveoscleral flow . Pilocarpine-Increase the trabecular outflow Betaxolol-Reduces aqueous secretion by cilary body Ref-KDT 6/e p145 | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
b6a63ccb-de8b-4d1b-8c95-87cfe02bf801 | Investigation of choice for detection and characterization of interstitial lung disease is | MRI | Chest x-ray | Venlaon perfusion scan | High resoluon CT | 3d | single | High Resoluon CT (HRCT) is investigation of choice for interstitial lung disease as it can delineate the lung parenchyma upto the level of secondary pulmonary lobule. | Medicine | null |
8cef1d05-bee4-4fdc-a5c4-e5fcacda3d1b | Craig's cyst is: | Paradental cyst. | Buccal bifurcation cyst. | Collateral cyst. | All of the above. | 3d | multi | Paradental cyst is associated with vital tooth and mandibular 3rd molar, recurrent pericoronitis. | Pathology | null |
6a1bd621-cf4b-4f75-a8cc-2c5e9f0f320c | If a 4 nucleotide sequence code for an amino acid instead of 3 then theoretically how many unique amino acids could be coded by such a system? | 16 | 64 | 128 | 256 | 3d | multi | There are four types of nucleotides (A, T, G, C).
Normally the codons are made up of 3 nucleotides. Thus there are 43 = 64 possible codon combinations.
If the codons are made up of 4 nucleotides, then there would be 44 = 256 possible codon combinations.
If the codons are made up of 2 nucleotides, there would be 42 = 16... | Biochemistry | null |
e3d358a9-5de7-48dd-b934-df3bb7cec44f | First step in control of cholera epidemic- | ORS therapy | Provision of safe water | Verification of diagnosis | Chemoprophylaxis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Verification of diagnosis o First stem in control of any epidemic is verification of diagnosis.Control of cholera (WHO guidelines)o Measures taken to control cholera epidemic are1) Verification of diagnosis : Identification of V. cholera 01 in stools of few patients is sufficient. It is not necessary ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Cholera |
55f173e9-5881-4ac5-a698-98dc07c00762 | Essential amino acids include all EXCEPT: | Methionine | Tryptophan | Leucine | Alanine | 3d | multi | ANSWER: (D) AlanineREF: Essentials of Biochemistry - Herbert J. Fromm, Mark Hargrove Page 9Essential amino acids are "essential" not because they are more important to life than the others, but because the body does not synthesize them, making it essential to include them in ones diet in order to obtain them.Nutritiona... | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Structure & Function of Proteins) |
0df2a685-089c-455d-8e1a-7e41d741e987 | Synaptic potentials can be recorded by | Patch clamp technique | Voltage clamp technique | Microelectrode | EEG | 2c | single | Potential" refers to electrical potential, or voltage, and paicularly to voltage recorded with a microelectrode embedded within neuronal tissue, typically in the brain of an anesthetized animal or within a thin slice of brain tissue maintained in vitro. The electrical activities in the neurons are rapid being measured ... | Physiology | General physiology |
db8da8ad-78b4-465c-8a12-c27420dbc988 | which of the following is best for ante-moem diagnosis of rabies? | Anti Rabies antibodies in blood | Immunofluorescence of corneal impression | Negri body detection | Isolation of virus from saliva. | 1b | single | Option 1-Anti Rabies antibodies in blood appear late and can also be present after vaccination. So detection of antibodies in CSF is more significant. Option 2: Direct fluorescent antibody test is the ideal method of antemoem diagnosis of rabies. Samples can be: Corneal impression smear is only 30% sensitive, mainly it... | Microbiology | Virology Pa-2 (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses) |
6c2b8a1f-c5d4-43a9-8bce-662ae1bd1b1d | "Bamboo spine" is seen in | Ankylosing spondylitis | Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hypertrophy | Osteitis fibrosa cystica | All | 0a | multi | Ans. a (Ankylosing spondylitis). (Ref. Sutton Textbook of Radiology, 6th ed., 1220)RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS# Radiographically demonstrable sacroiliitis is usually present in AS.# The earliest changes by standard radiography are blurring of the cortical margins of the subchondral bone, followed by... | Radiology | Skeletal System |
f46abde9-5952-4dac-a908-5a5a2c991226 | Which of the following potentially represents the most dangerous situation? | Rh+ve mother with 2nd Rh-ve child | Rh-ve mother with 2nd Rh+ve child | Rh+ve mother with 1st Rh-ve child | Rh-ve mother with 1st Rh+ve child | 1b | multi | * Rh-ve mother with 2nd Rh+ve child can result in the development of hemolytic disease of newborn or erythroblastosis fetalis. So, it is a dangerous condition. * This condition is a type II hypersensitivity reaction. * This is Not to be confused with Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn which is a coagulation disturbance... | Pathology | Hypersensitivity |
76742b10-f7be-4d5b-a526-04bab862670b | All of the following activities of Junior Red cross except - | Military hospital worker | Village uplift | Prevent epidemic work | Any of the above | 0a | multi | It gives an oppounity to lakhs of boys and girls all over India to be associated with activities like the village uplift,first aid,anti epidemic work and building up of an international fraternity of youth thus promoting international friendliness understanding and cooperation (refer pgno:925 park 23rd edition) | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health care of community & international health |
1b1f2830-40ef-4f91-9e0d-2b8b207b3d28 | Which of the following is not true about otosclerosis? | Hearing better in louder conditions | The eustachian tube is always abnormal | The tympanic membrane is normal | Bilateral progressive conductive deafness | 1b | multi | Ans: B (Eustachian tube is always abnormal) Ref: Diseases of the Ear, Nose, and Throat by PL Dhingra 5th edn.2010. P. 98 Explanation: Eustachian tube function is normal in otosclerosis. Otosclerosis Irregular spongy bone replaces the dense endochondral layer of the bony labyrinth. Hereditary. Associated with Van der ho... | Unknown | null |
03f166bd-00d4-486e-a180-1ffd4c0fc636 | Vitamin K is involved in the action of the following proteins except | Factor II | Factor X | Factor I | Protein C | 2c | multi | Vitamin K dependent factors are Factors II, VII, IX, X, Protein C and S Ref: Ganong 25th ed/page 566 | Physiology | Cardiovascular system |
f162a241-94e0-475b-85af-0eff52b26936 | Berkesonian bias is a selection bias which occurs in- | Community - based studies | Hospital - based sudies | Laboratory - based studies | Natural exposure studies | 1b | single | .bias is any systematic error in the determination of the association between the exposure and disease.the relative risk may increase or decreaseas a result of the bias,it reflects some type of non comparability between the study and control groups.berkensonian bias,named after Joseph Berkenson.this bias arises because... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
4a303673-5d11-4aee-ac59-c2f6c6ff2035 | Primary ketone body | b-hydroxybutyrate | Acetoacetate | Acetone | None | 1b | multi | Acetoacetate is the primary ketone body while beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetone are secondary ketone bodies. They are synthesised exclusively by the liver mitochondriaRef: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 143 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of lipid |
ea268593-b72d-44e5-9a4b-6e60cabd38b0 | The nasopharynx is visualised in OPD by: | PNS mirror | Tongue depressor | Both PNS mirror and tongue depressor | None | 2c | multi | (c) Both PNS (postnasal space) mirror and tongue depressor(Ref. Scott Brown, Vol 3; 98)To examine nasopharynx or post nasal space in OPD, posterior rhinoscopy is done.Here the tongue is depressed using a tongue depressor and then the PNS mirror is passed behind the uvula. The glass surface of the PNS mirror is pre warm... | ENT | Pharynx |
3d5cba40-ca33-4156-a30b-ce706f97c0e3 | Injury that comes under sec 320 IPC - | Abrasion over face | Nasal bone fracture | Epistaxis | Lacerated wound over scalp | 1b | single | Sec 320 IPC defines grievous hurt and among the given options, only b (fracture) is grievous injury. | Forensic Medicine | null |
974aee4e-fd03-47a9-8d5f-b7ed3a2701a3 | Which one of the following is not a feature of clear cell carcinoma of the kidney? | Bony secondaries | Childhood tumour | Haematuria | Renal vein invasion | 1b | single | * Clear cell carcinoma arises from Proximal Convoluted Tubule * Most common ,associated with VHL gene mutation, invade the renal vein& bony secondaries. * Clinical features : -Hematuria -Palpable mass -Costoveebral pain -Fever/ weight loss/malaise * It is not a childhood tumor. | Pathology | Renal carcinoma |
1574a5c2-1d3a-4d9c-8ac4-06dfeea5f7c5 | In a dental clinic, auxiliary perform duties after personal diagnosis and direction of dentist and patient is sent after his clearance comes under | Direct guidance/ supervision | Indirect guidance/ supervision | Personal guidance/ supervision | General guidance/ supervision | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
50b57763-0c1e-4ca8-95e8-f7ae72eaeb6c | Not true about propagated epidemics | Herd immunity present | Sharp rise and decrease sharply | Person to person transmission | Multiple waves of epidemic | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
f3dd0132-3ff5-4820-a4aa-b328dfa05993 | Patient diagnosed to have malaria, smear shows all stage of schizonts 14-20 merozoites, yellowish -brown pigment. The type of malaria is - | Pl. Falciparum | Pi. Malariae | Pl. Vivax | Pl. Ovale | 2c | multi | null | Microbiology | parasitology |
fb4e4761-2b46-43b5-ae8d-496a1e23bf4c | A neonate had suffered from a teratogenic insult during embryonic growth that has affected the mesencephalic pa of his developing neural tube. In the presented cast of his ventricular system (left lateral view), which of the following areas might have suffered | Area B | Area C | Area D | Area E | 2c | single | The cerebral aqueduct (D) is the cavity of the midbrain that develops from the mesencephalon. The lateral ventricle (A) is the cavity of telencephalon and the third ventricle (C) is the cavity of diencephalon. The interventricular foramen of Monro (B) serves as the communication between the two. The fouh ventricle (E) ... | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy, Head and Neck |
e1891651-bf7a-4679-bc07-d661283e32e7 | A patient needs antibiotic treatment for Aificial valve, culture positive infective entercoccal endocarditis. His medical history include several anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G during the past year. The best approach would be treatment with | Amoxicillin clavulanic acid | Aztreonam | Cefazolin plus gentamicin | Vancomycin | 3d | single | Ref-KDT 6/e 732 * Severe allergy to penicillins rule out the use of amoxicillin and cefazolin. * Vancomycin is highly effective against MRSA and enterococcal intections. * Drugs for VRSA and VRE (Vancomvcin Resistant enterococcus faecalis) include linezolid and daptomycin. | Anatomy | Other topics and Adverse effects |
ca089948-e471-4aa8-8770-b54c4a7f63c1 | Hypersensitivity angiitis is seen in? | SLE | Polyarteritis Nodosa | Buerger's disease | Henoch Schonlein purpura | 3d | single | Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis (also known as “Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis and “Hypersensitivity angiitis”) is an inflammation of small blood vessels characterized clinically by palpable purpura.
Subtypes of Small-Vessel Vasculitis Include:
• Henoch-Schonlein purpura
• Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy
• Ur... | Pathology | null |
a1c9f8bf-e6d6-4f2b-946e-ba932e283f56 | Treatment of Hodgkin's disease - | CHOP | MOPP | ABVD | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
7067e1bc-2445-4585-8a6a-c2ef63dfc666 | Marfan's syndrome has which of the following prominent eye defects? | Megalocornea | Microcornea | Microspherophakia | Ectopia lentis | 3d | single | Marfan's syndrome is characterized by ectopia lentis (superior-temporal) 80% and megalocornea 15% in the eye. Ref: A.K KHURANA (2005), Chapter 8, "Disease of The Lens", In the book, "Opthalmology", 3rd Edition, Newdelhi, Page 210 | Ophthalmology | null |
57afc867-2b7e-4ff0-b237-5cc730eb66c3 | Which of the following is cardio protective? | HDL | LDL | VLDL | CHYLOMICRON | 0a | single | Cardioprotective: HDL It is synthesized and secreted by liver cells. It has maximum phospholipids. It takes cholesterol from periphery to liver, also known as reverse cholesterol transpo. HDL conves this cholesterol into cholesterol ester with the help of enzyme LCAT-Lecithin Cholesterol Acyl Transferase. Removes chole... | Biochemistry | FMGE 2019 |
002bc54b-1848-4d1a-8faa-2771da6c0938 | Introns are exised by | RNA splicing | RNA editing | Restriction endonuclease | DNAase | 0a | single | Introns are excised by RNA splicing by Sn-RNAs/Snurp. | Biochemistry | null |
97b618d2-e538-4e63-babf-8a5002e22cb2 | All are true regarding Normal distribution curve except | One standard detion includes 95% of values | Mean, Median, Mode coincides | Median is mid value | Area under the curve is one | 0a | multi | NORMAL DISTRIBUTION The normal distribution or 'normal curve' is an impoant concept in statistical theory. Let us suppose, we collect the haemoglobin values of a very large number of people and make a frequency distribution with narrow class intervals, we are likely to get a smooth, symmetrical curve. Such a curve is c... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
2db364ab-1afa-49bf-a766-0bf4be574965 | Which one of the following disinfectant is effective in killing spores - | Alcohol | Aldehyde | Halogens | Phenol | 2c | single | Halogens are potent bactericidal, fungicidal, sporicidal, tuberculocidal, and virucidal. Others are given are only slowly effective against spores. Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine.K Park. Edition 23.Pg no: 128 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health |
f6e7113b-9509-4a56-8725-f975923ec2f8 | Incidental finding in CT scan, a 3 cm adrenal mass, which of the following is not done? | Adrenalectomy | Dexamethasone suppression test | Measurement of catecholamines | Midnight plasma coisol | 0a | single | Nonoperative therapy, with close periodic follow-up, is advised for lesions <4 cm in diameter with benign imaging characteristics, whereas adrenalectomy is recommended for lesions >=4 cm in size due to the increased risk of cancer. | Surgery | Parathyroid and adrenal glands |
9c649770-c6dc-4106-bda9-245c2fc076c5 | Trabecular (conventional) outflow of aqueous humour accounts for: | 90 percent | 80 percent | 70 percent | 60 percent | 0a | single | Ans. 90 percent | Ophthalmology | null |
74b00971-a56b-4eef-8bff-b4c32464376c | False about Echinococcus granulosus is | Man is the dead end | Causes hydatid disease | Casoni's test is Sensitive | Hydatid fluid is secreted by Ectocyst | 3d | multi | Hydatid fluid is Secreted by Endocyst also called as Germinal epithelium. | Microbiology | null |
d3be89a4-9bd5-46a8-8d62-af21c0a5b899 | In humans, nails grow at an average rate of ______ a month: | 1 mm | 3 mm | 5 mm | 7 mm | 1b | single | In humans, nails grow at an average rate of 3 mm (0.12 in) a month. Fingernails require three to six months to regrow completely, and toenails require twelve to eighteen months. Actual growth rate is dependent upon age, sex, season, exercise level, diet, and hereditary factors. Nails grow faster in the summer than they... | Dental | Disorders of nail |
3f9d0cd4-0bdb-497f-83ba-bcda7437f8da | About Myocardial Oxygen Consumption true is: | Inverse relation with hea rate | Inverse relation to mean systolic aerial pressure | Constant relation to external work done | Directly propoional to mean aerial pressure | 3d | multi | D i.e. Directly propoional to mean aerial pressure- Myocardial O2 demand/ consumption is primarly determined by hea rate, contractility of myocardium (or ventricles) (i.e. inotropy), intramyocardial wall tension (which is directly propoional to after load or intra cavitatory pressure and preload or ventricular radius a... | Physiology | null |
12ebc2b3-2674-4d78-a092-4c6bb7cadd34 | Renal angle lies between - | 12th rib & lateral border of sacrospinalis | 11th rib & lateral border of sacrospinalis | 12th rib & lateral border of quadratus lumborum | 11th rib & lateral border of quadratus lumborum | 0a | single | The angle between the lower border of 12th rib and the outer border of erector spinae (sacrospinalis) is known as a renal angle. | Anatomy | null |
9ecd801b-63fa-471d-9393-faacb0607d4f | MC congenital abnormality of uterus is : | Uterus didelphys | Arcuate | Unicornuate | Septate | 3d | single | Septate Sorry for this one friends, 2 very reliable textbooks quote different incidences of different malformations. Anomaly r Per cent Anomaly Per cent' * Bicornuate uterus 37% * Septate uterus 35% * Arcuate uterus 15%. * Bicornuate uterus 26% I * Incomplete septum 13%' * Arcuate uterus 18% * Uterus didelphys 11% * Un... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
e6252ce5-6cf4-4496-a7c3-4ebfb38c4c15 | White-coat hypeension is an example of : | the unconditioned stimulus | the unconditioned response | the conditioned stimulus | the conditioned response | 3d | single | The patient's elevated blood pressure in the doctor's office is the conditioned (learned) response. This response results from an association that has been made by classical conditioning between the doctor and/or his white coat (conditioned stimulus) and something negative in the patient's past (unconditioned stimulus)... | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
36bdf397-8da3-4c0c-a8a5-120885df1742 | The heme prosthetic group is found in | Myoglobin | Cytochrome oxidase | Xanthine oxidase | Tyrosine | 0a | single | Myoglobin is a monomeric protein that acts as a secondary oxygen transporter and binder in the muscle tissues.
Furthermore, the tertiary feature of myoglobin resembles water-soluble globule protein characteristics.
The diffusion and use of oxygen in the muscles are necessary for the bodily system processes such as re... | Biochemistry | null |
2d4caa87-b52f-46c7-ae88-1171bc531163 | An antiepileptic drug used in petitmal epilepsy is: | Phenobarbitonse | Dilantoin sodium | Dilantoin sodium | Ethosuximide | 3d | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
99223f9f-20cc-44c9-acbe-2d272fd56781 | The earliest diagnostic test of pregnancy : | Ultrasound | Beta HCG | Fetal movements | Fetal hea sounds | 1b | single | Beta HCG | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
338789a0-9686-454f-a8cf-070de9ca03f5 | Which sensitizes the myocardium to catecholamines | Isflurane | Ether | Halothane | Propofol | 2c | single | Halothane-catecholamine sensitization also promotes abnormal automaticity of dominant and latent atrial pacemakers. These effects may produce premature ventricular contractions and arrhythmias originating from the His bundle. Intact sinoatrial node function reduces the incidence of epinephrine induced ventricular escap... | Anaesthesia | General anaesthesia |
f756dfcb-6285-4c43-ace4-4f889af1b9ab | Dystocia dystrophia syndrome is seen in | Anthropoid | Platypelloid pelvis | Android pelvis | Gynaecoid pelvis | 2c | single | Dystocia dystrophia syndrome
Charecteristic appearence
Short
Stalky
Subfertile
Masculine hair distribution
History of delayed menarche
Has android pelvis | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
c0abf81f-1503-45d9-b852-7f605f451f6f | Carpel tunnel syndrome is caused by all except | Rheumatoid ahritis | Hypothyroidism | Addisson's disease | Diabetes mellitus | 2c | multi | Ref - Researchgate.net | Anatomy | Upper limb |
032f260f-7796-4967-914e-3b775e21f775 | All of the following are risk factors for carcinoma gall bladder, EXCEPT - | Typhoid carriers | Adenomatous gall bladder polyps | Choledochal cysts | Oral contraceptives | 3d | multi | null | Surgery | null |
6e90315e-2341-44dd-892e-26443d3dc27f | A 25 year old female comes to OPD with history of spots, red bumps that are located principally on the proximal cheeks, central chin, nose and central forehead. It gets aggravated on sun exposure. On examination, telangiectasia is seen on cheeks. What is the most probable cause ? | Polymorphic light eruption | SLE | Acne vulgaris | Rosacea | 3d | multi | The given clinical scenario is of Rosacea as it gets aggravated on exposure to sunlight, redness seen on face convexities and telangiectasia Rosacea has 4 subtypes : Subtype 1: Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETTR). Subtype 2: Papulopustular rosacea (PPR). Subtype 3: Phymatous rosacea (PR). Subtype 4: Ocular rosacea ... | Dental | Disorders of sebaceous and sweat glands |
5ebc308c-ac76-48e9-a61d-77dbc93034ea | Hypogonadism in cirrhosis is due to ? | Direct effect of alcohol on testes | Increased estrogen due to decreased catabolism | Increased peripheral conversion of androgens into estrogen | All | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Direct effect of alcohol on testes ; 'b' i.e., Increased estrogen due to decreased catabolism; 'c' i.e., Increased peripheral conversion of androgens into estrogeno The testicular atrophy is due to disorder of hormonal metabolism or direct toxic effect on testis.o In cirrhosis of liver a combined test... | Pathology | null |
a3b87d49-5f09-4ccf-a5fc-c199a2296ed7 | Pseudo Cushing's syndrome is seen in? | Obesity | Alcoholism | Depression | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. D. All of the abovePseudo Cushing's syndrome:a. Some patient resemble like Cushing's syndrome (Pseudo Cushing syndrome).b. These are patient with obesity, chronic alcoholism, depression and acute illness of any type. | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
3a8df07f-b80d-4859-83af-607609977d98 | Which of the following mucolytic contains free sulphydryl group | Guanfacine | Ambroxal | Carbocistene | N-Acetyl cysteine | 3d | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
d457b779-e63c-4467-9ead-d36728ca1c54 | Pupil in acute attack of Anterior Uveitis is –a) Semi Dilatedb) Large and fixedc) Irregular & constrictedd) Constricted & sluggish reacting | cd | bc | bd | ac | 0a | single | There is a narrowing of the pupil (miosis) due to irritation of sphincter pupillae by toxins. Iris edema and engorged radial vessels of iris also contribute to making the pupil narrow.
The shape of pupil becomes irregular due to segmental posterior synechiae.
The papillary reaction becomes sluggish or may even be absen... | Ophthalmology | null |
979a1306-7087-4017-bbc3-b302bb68f710 | Shrinking lung syndrome is seen most commonly in - | SLE | Scleroderma | Rheumatoid arthritis | Ankylosingspondilytis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' SLE Shrinking Lung syndrome* First described by Hoffbrand and beck in 1965.* It manifests as dysnea and is best characterized as diaphragmatic dysfunction leading to diminished lung volumes.* Radiographic evaluation shows diaphragmatic elevation with bibasilar atelectasis - in the absence of parenchymal lun... | Medicine | Respiratory |
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