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e43dc72a-bfc4-47f0-8497-0e8f65446919 | Sauce and cheese retinopathy is seen in : | CMV | Rubeua | Toxoplasmosis | Congenital Syphilis | 0a | single | A i.e.CMV | Ophthalmology | null |
7688c619-69e5-410d-ab80-54c52045bc85 | Difficulty in laryngoscopy and intubation is seen in all except: | Cervical joint immobility | Modified mallampati class 2 | Upper lip bite test negative. | Interincisor gap of <3cm | 1b | multi | Modified mallampati classification 1 and 2 no difficulty Modified mallampati classification 3 and 4 difficulty in intubation. Mallampati classification - Standard for assessing the relationship of the tongue size relative to oral cavity. Rest all are predictors of difficult airway 1. Interincisor gap of <3 indicates in... | Anaesthesia | Pre Anesthetic Evaluation |
0c680592-52c5-4cb0-9af4-a17b4eb6ce63 | All of the following condition(s) are associated with raised ANCA, except - | Wegener's granulomatosis | Polyarteritis Nodosa | Microscopic Polyangitis | Churg-Strauss syndrome | 1b | multi | null | Pathology | null |
c74b9949-54aa-46d8-b7c8-4c6486f468c5 | Most common type of HPV associated with cervical cancer ? | 6, 11 | 5, 8 | 16, 18 | 6, 8 | 2c | single | Ans. is `c' i.e., 16, 18 HPV DNA of oncogenic types (High risk) in HPV-16, 18, 31, 33 and 45 - associated with cervical cancer HPV-6 and 11 (Low risk HPV) - associated with precursor lesions of cervical cancer (CIN) and Condyloma Acuminatum. In patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis, Squamous cell cancer develop... | Microbiology | null |
a5526a85-75bc-45d9-bad4-8121f2ad114d | HIV integrase inhibitor is - | Elvitegravir | Abacavir | Maraviroc | Tenofovir | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Elvitegravir New drugs in HIV infectiono Etravirine is recently approved NNRTI. This is second generation NNRTI and is effective against HIV resistant to first generation NNRTI (Efavirenz, Delaviridine. Nevirapine).Fusion inhibitors (Entry inhibitors)o Enfluvtritide binds to Gp41 subunit of HIV envelo... | Pharmacology | Anti-Viral |
70444d12-6b6d-42f8-a5ea-fb654335206d | Which derivative of fat soluble vitamin is functioning like a hormone? | A | D | E | K | 1b | single | Vitamin D is really a hormone: Vitamin D is not strictly a vitamin since it can be synthesized in the skin, and under most conditions that is the major source of the vitamin. Only when sunlight exposure is inadequate is a dietary source required. ts main function is in the regulation of calcium absorption and homeostas... | Biochemistry | null |
727750c7-48de-47c6-a574-8434b4db4b76 | Following are features of polycythemia rubra vera except - | Increased red cell mass | Normal aerial oxygen sturation | High leucocyte alkaline phosphatase score | None | 3d | multi | <p>Polycythaemia rubra vera results in increased red cell mass,aerial oxygen saturation >92%, & raised neutrophil alkaline phosphatase scores.</p><p>Reference :Harsh mohan textbook of pathology sixth editionpg no 359.</p> | Medicine | Haematology |
c6df34c3-3f4b-45da-9400-b3e6f6ae8bca | Which cardiovascular change is physiological in last trimester of pregnancy - | Middiastolic murmur | Occasional atrial fibrillation | Shift of apical impulse laterally and upwards in left 4th intercostal space | Cardiomegaly | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e. shifting of apical impulse laterally and upwards left 4th intercostal space .Due to elevation of the of diaphragm consequent to the enlarged uterus the heart is pushed upwards and outwards with slight rotation to left.Before concluding the answer let's seeOther physiological C.V.S. findings in pregnanc... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Physiology & Histology |
a57c51f7-89c0-40d8-8e9c-23bbca700725 | Baby came for immunization for 1st time on 18 months. Which vaccine can be given: | Only Pentavalent vaccine | Only DPT booster and OPV | Pentavalent, OPV, DPT, Measles and mumps | Only BCG plus OPV | 1b | single | Among given options only DPT Booster & OPV are given to child at 18 months of age in case of Delayed immunization. VACCINES & AGE LIMIT IN DELAYED IMMUNIZATION : Vaccine Age limit BCG, Hep B, Rotavirus, Pentavalent vaccine, fIPV, PCV till 1 yearof age. OPV, Measles, Vitamin A till 5yrs of age HiB till 6 years of age DP... | Social & Preventive Medicine | National Immunization Schedule 2020-21 |
bd093795-d3d3-47db-8a89-ef5bf8c8a6b7 | Diabetic gangrene is due to: | Ischemia | Increased blood glucose | Altered defense by host and neuropathy | All of the above | 3d | multi | Diabetic gangrene is related to: - Trophic changes from peripheral neuropathy - Ischemia as a result of microangiopathy and macroangiopathy (atherosclerosis) - Low resistance to infection because of excess sugar in the tissues | Surgery | Aerial disorders |
cfe9a2f1-8ab9-4b43-acbf-7e4b4b3ccca9 | Paneth cells - true is | Rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum | High zine content | Foamy cytoplasm | Numerous lysozyme granules | 0a | multi | INDERBIR SINGH&;S TEXTBOOK OF HUMAN HISTOLOGY-PAGE NO:276 Paneth cells These cells are found only in the deeper pa of intestinal crypts.they contain prominent eosinophilic secretory granules with the em paneth cells seen to contain considerable rough endoplasmic reticulum | Anatomy | General anatomy |
0a3cb897-0e59-4eea-9290-9e4b1aeae735 | Not seen in primary pulmonary hypertension | Left parasternal heave | Right parasternal heave | Single S2 | Pulmonary ejection click | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
50f1f67e-dee1-49da-a23b-360556c85b30 | Frozen section examination demonstrates fibrosis and cystic spaces. Also seen are areas of compressed glands with a lobular orientation. The glands are lined by a single layer of epithelial cells with oval nuclei and regular arrangement. No true invasion of glands into the adjacent stroma is seen. This patient probably... | Atypical ductal hyperplasia | Ductal carcinoma in situ | Lobular carcinoma in situ | Sclerosing adenosis | 3d | multi | The lesion described is sclerosing adenosis. The tip-offs in the description are the references to compressed glands and lobular orientation. Sclerosing adenosis is a common component of fibrocystic disease, and occurs when fibrosis distos the normal lobular architecture. The result can be some fairly bizarre, but comp... | Pathology | null |
c9d2f153-07b9-4517-8878-8a45bf84b1ad | Indications of surgery in Varicocele is/are: | Small testis | Pain | Oligospermia | All | 3d | multi | Ans is a (Small testis), b (Pain), c (Oligospermia) | Surgery | null |
6f60b876-6a51-4ae1-aaf6-bf5e3df14b3c | Which of the following test completely exclude chances of a disease? | Specificity | Sensitivity | Positive predictivity | Negative predictivity | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
50fadc2d-4113-4d80-b51e-4e34e4e6cc3e | An 11-year-old girl becomes infected with hepatitis A and experiences mild nausea for 1 week. On physical examination, she has minimal right upper quadrant tenderness and scleral icterus. Laboratory findings include a serum AST of 68 U/L, ALT of 75 U/L, and total bilirubin of 5.1 mg/dL. Her laboratory findings most lik... | Cell membrane defects | Lysosomal autophagy | Mitochondrial swelling | Nuclear chromatin clumping | 0a | single | Irreversible cell injury is associated with loss of membrane integrity. This allows intracellular enzymes such as AST and ALT to leak into the serum. All other morphologic changes listed are associated with reversible cell injury, in which the cell membrane remains intact and the cells do not die. | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
06fb0f51-28f0-4288-a6d8-298e684bf29f | ANB angle refers to | Skeletal relation | Transverse discrepancy | Dental malocclusion | None of above | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
e42127bd-364f-4ad8-94a1-4ee4e4fea5f0 | The gastrosplenic ligament is derived from which of the following embryonic developmental structures? | Splenic aery | Splenic vein | Dorsal mesogastrium | Ventral mesogastrium | 2c | single | Embryonically the gastrosplenic ligament is derived from the dorsal mesogastrium. The gastrosplenic ligament is a made of peritoneum that connects the greater curvature of stomach with the hilum of the spleen. It contains sho gastric vessels and left gastro-epiploic vessels. | Anatomy | null |
a3172b80-1486-4717-a0e9-9b7df5d63e67 | Which one of the following inherited conditions causes direct hyperbilirubinemia? | Gilbert syndrome | Type II Crigler-Najjar syndrome | Rotor syndrome | Type I Crigler-Najjar syndrome | 2c | single | C. Rotor syndrome(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1937-1939)Disorders of bilirubin metabolismType of bilirubin elevatedDiseasesUnconjugated HyperbilirubinemiaCrigler-Najjar syndrome Types I and II (UDP GT gene mutation) Gilbert disease (UPD GT polymorphism)Conjugated HyperbilirubinemiaDubin-Johnson syndrome (multiple drug-resista... | Pediatrics | Gastro Intestinal System |
c4479bba-3c59-4fc4-88f6-7c60173888d4 | The following occlusal radiograph shows: | Submandibular calculus | Parotid calculus | Sublingual calculus | None of the above | 0a | multi | Intraoral Radiography
Sialoliths in the anterior two-thirds of the submandibular duct are typically imaged with a cross-sectional mandibular occlusal projection. The posterior portion of the duct may be demonstrated with an over-the-shoulder occlusal projection view, where the directing cone is placed on the shoulder a... | Radiology | null |
f80cc270-0f5d-41b8-8655-d5ad90d59497 | Transplantation of which one of "the following organs is most often associated with hyper-acute rejection? | Hea | Kidney | Lungs | Liver | 1b | single | Hyperacute rejection is due to the presence in the recipient of preformed antibodies against HLA class I antigens expressed by the donor. Antibody mediated rejection generally occurs hours to days after transplantation. Kidney transplants are paicularly vulnerable to hyperacute graft rejection, whereas hea and liver tr... | Surgery | General surgery |
94d47ab1-f4e0-4ca0-b8da-5a1978f17b0b | All of the following are true about user of iodine except: | It inhibits release of thyroid hormones | It causes acute inhibition of iodotyrosine and iodothyronine synthesis | It can cause iodism | Its use is contraindicated in hypehyroidism | 3d | multi | Ans. d. Its use is contraindicated in hypehyroidism | Pharmacology | null |
1b26e503-4f77-4831-9bea-8f4c75225dae | A–13–year old boy is referred for evaluation of nocturnal enuresis and short stature. His blood pressure is normal. The hemoglobin level is 8g/dl.urea 112 mg/dl, creatinine 6 mg/dl, sodium 119 mEq/ dl, potassium 4 mEq/l, calcium 7 mg/dl, phosphate 6 mg/dl and alkaline phosphatase 300 U/I. Urinalysis shows trace protein... | Alport's syndrome | Medullary sponge kidney. | Chronic glomerulonephritis. | Nephronophthisis | 3d | multi | Features seen in this 13 yr. old boy
Short Stature
Nocturnal enuresis
Normal B.P.
Reduced hemoglobin
Hyponatremia (N level in 136-145 meq/dl)
Hypocalcemia (N level is 9-10.5 mg/dl)
Normal potassium level (N is 3.5 to 5 meq/dl)
B/L small kidneys
Increased blood urea (N is 10 - 40 mg/dl)
Increased alkaline phosphates (N ... | Pediatrics | null |
375089b4-90ec-433f-a608-7bdeb4cea4cb | Cane sugar is: | Glucose | Sucrose | Fructose | Maltose | 1b | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
c8ded23f-eeae-45a1-a3dc-18292891cd0c | Metabolic alkalosis is associated - | Fanconi's anemia | Acetazolamide | Hypocalcemia | Triamterene | 1b | single | Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis I. Exogenous HCO3-loads A. Acute alkali administration B. Milk-alkali syndrome II. Effective ECFV contraction, normotension, K+ deficiency, and secondary hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism A. Gastrointestinal origin 1. Vomiting 2. Gastric aspiration 3. Congenital chloridorrhea 4. Villous ad... | Medicine | Fluid and electrolytes |
e7aea12d-84f6-4726-ae44-324b8ae93b06 | Which of the following is usually bilateral carcinoma of breast? | Paget's disease | Ductal carcinoma | Lobular carcinoma | Medullary carcinoma | 2c | multi | Lobular carcinoma usually presents as bilateral condition. | Pathology | null |
4d023533-72f9-4e50-ab5f-73585b4e1b22 | Most common cause of death in children <5 yrs age - | Respiratory infection | Diarrhoea | Prematurity | Accidents | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Respiratory infection "During 2006, about 17% of underfive moality worldwide was due to diarrheal disease, about 19% due to acute respiratory infection, 4% due to measles and 8% due to malaria". | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
c29680d9-2482-400b-89df-18ac52250a7a | Type I muscle fibers are | Red | Anerobic | Large | Glycolytic | 0a | single | Type 1 muscle fibres are present in slow muscle. They are red muscles because have greater capillary network. (REF: TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY GEETHA N, PAGE NO - 44) | Physiology | General physiology |
3a3e5943-1f38-4ab7-99ab-7467000a8de4 | Digital clubbing is seen in all except- | Endocarditis | Pulmonary aeriovenous fistula | Tricuspid atresia | Aoic dissection | 1b | multi | Tricuspid atresia symptoms in children include: Cyanosis: a blue or purple tint to lips, skin and nails. Hea murmur: the hea sounds abnormal when a doctor listens with a stethoscope. .Abnormal shape of the fingeips ("clubbing") in older children. Finger clubbing is seen in aoic dissection Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 4... | Medicine | C.V.S |
08543b29-d2b2-4b6f-83cd-a2f04f6b1925 | The fluoride content of fluor protector varnish is: | 2.26% | 0.70% | 2.70% | 0.30% | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
67433bd8-1970-438b-b306-ba7a7a97279e | CD - 95 in apoptosis; the death receptors initiated through - | Induces apoptosis when it engaged by fas ligand system | Cytochrom C binds to a protein Apoptosis activating (Apaf -1) factor - 1 | Apoptosis may be initiated by caspase activation | Apoptosis mediated through DNA damage | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Induces apoptosis when it engaged by fas ligand system | Pathology | null |
e2c2b2ec-6acb-4b61-ac69-84fa339cafb2 | Branches of cervical part of facial artery are all except | Ascending palatine. | Ascending pharyngeal | Tonsillar. | Submental. | 1b | multi | Branches Of facial artery
i) Cervical part
• Ascending palatine to root of tongue and the tonsil.
• Tonsillar to tonsil.
• Submental to submental triangle and sublingual salivary gland.
• Glandular to submandibular salivary gland and submandibular lymph nodes
ii) Facial part
• Superior labial to upper lip
• Inferior ... | Anatomy | null |
6468d23c-c28c-4833-ae7e-fcc987d6c96d | Which of the following pathologic findings is/are the strongest contraindication to breast preservation (lumpectomy with breast radiation) as primary treatment for a newly diagnosed breast cancer? | Grade 3, poorly differentiated, infiltrating ductal carcinoma | Extensive intraductal cancer around the invasive lesion | Tumor size less than 3 cm | Positive surgical margin for invasive cancer | 3d | single | The only firm contraindication to wide excision and radiation (breast preservation, lumpectomy) as the primary surgical treatment for a newly discovered breast cancer is the inability to achieve an uninvolved surgical margin after excision of the tumor. A positive surgical margin requires, at least, reoperation with an... | Surgery | Breast |
13d593b8-1a2b-41c7-a185-3b9e7224ad31 | Cobalt is a part of which vitamin - | Retinol | Pyrodoxine | Cyanocobalamin | Vitamin C | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cyanocobalamin o Cobalt is a part of Cyanocobalamine | Medicine | Nutrition |
68e6ec14-c2f1-430d-9407-adab2bd6f7a1 | Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia | Dubin johnson syndrome | Criggler naj jar syndrome | Breast milk jandice | Gilbe syndrome | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dubin johnson syndrome Breast milk jaundice - Decrease bilirubin uptake across hepathocyte membrane. Entero-hepatic recirculation. Leads to indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Crigler naj jar & Gilbe syndrome (deficiency of glucuronyl transferase) <Type I - Complete deficiency Type II - Paial deficiency Decr... | Pediatrics | null |
1bd13722-c8c7-4f03-8438-0fe355a17730 | Double bubble sign seen in :a) Duodenal atresiab) Duodenal stenosisc) Volvulusd) Intestinal perforation | abc | bc | acd | bcd | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
029601b1-29de-46f4-8360-d0c85fc41ebd | Which of these does not cause crescentic glomerulo nephritis - | Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis | Alpo syndrome | Goodpasture syndrome | Henoch schonlein purpura | 1b | single | There are some systemic diseases that are characterized by the formation of crescents. Systemic diseases such as Goodpasture's syndrome, SLE, Henoch-Schlein purpura come under type1 RPGN and they are associated with crescent formation. Alpo's syndrome is an x-linked dominant disorder and the light microscopy shows segm... | Pathology | Urinary tract |
04de28e0-909f-44d9-aa05-9a5a4f7b650d | If a mother is donating her kidney to son, this is an example of which of the following? | Isograft | Allograft | Autograft | Xenograft | 1b | multi | Donor and recipient are of same species and different individual : Allograft Donor and recipient are of same individual : Autograft Graft between different individual but of similar genetic makeup as in identical twins : Isograft Graft between different species : Xenograft For any organ transplantation, the single most... | Pathology | NEET 2019 |
a12d3d62-86fc-4f7d-8b00-aa7dd02b1570 | Chronic thick walled pyogenic abscess may be due to the following except | Presence of a foreign body | Prolonged antibiotic therapy | Virulent strains of organism | Inadequate drainage | 2c | multi | null | Surgery | null |
6893b1e9-eaa8-4c07-851e-1fd10167dde4 | Commonest type of vitiligo – | Vulgaris | Segmental | Acrofacial | Facial | 0a | single | Most common type of vitiligo is vitiligo vulgaris. | Dental | null |
6aa8b98e-485a-4844-8b74-c6f05cbcd4f2 | Which one of the following drugs has narrow therapeutic range ? | Propranolol | Phenytoin | Piroxicam | Prazosin | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
152a8c8f-11c8-4272-a5cb-316cdca5b939 | Which of the following drug does not contribute to Digoxin toxicity | Hyperkalemia | Hypercalcemia | Renal failure | Hypomagnesamia | 0a | single | Refer kDT 7/e p 5116 Digoxin toxicity can induce literally every arrhythmia except for rapidly conducted atrial arrhythmias ( and ). The classic arrhythmias seen during digoxin toxicity include atrial tachycardia with a 2:1 conduction, bidirectional ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricula... | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
69da6879-e942-4c72-a5aa-bff61bbd845b | Sickness benefit under ESI is available for a maximum period of ________ days in a year- | 30 days | 46 days | 56 days | 91 days | 3d | single | Ans- (D) 91 days. Reference- Benefits The section 46 of the Act envisages following six social security benefits :- (a) Medical Benefit : Full medical care is provided to an Insured person and his family members from the day he enters insurable employment. There is no ceiling on expenditure on the treatment of an Insur... | Unknown | null |
084037f2-86ca-43ac-a737-8775b138a71e | Formed visual hallucinations are seen in a lesion of - | Frontal | Occipital | Temporal | Arcuate fasciculus | 2c | multi | Unformed (elementary) visual hallucination:- ocular disorders, disorders of the occipital lobe, migraine.
Formed visual hallucination:- Disorders of Temporal lobe, diseases of upper brain stem or thalamus (peduncular hallucinosis).
Note:- Temporal lobe lesions can cause → Auditory, visual (formed) and olfactory halluci... | Psychiatry | null |
5d329418-c4c0-40ad-aa75-c96791a13cfe | A 47-year-old woman develops accelerated hypertension (blood pressure 210/105 mm Hg) but no clinical symptoms except frequent headaches. Which of the following findings are most likely on examination of the fundii? | retinitis obliterans | cotton wool spots | retinal detachment | optic atrophy | 1b | multi | (b) Source: (Fuster, p. 1541, 1543)Cotton wool spots, hemorrhage, and papilledema are common. Fibrinoid necrosis occurs on the arterioles of many organs. Earlier manifestations of arteriosclerosis include thickening of the vessel wall. This is manifested by obscuring of the venous column at arterial crossings. | Medicine | C.V.S. |
1c0f30f9-a044-460b-af91-7bf6d9aea4f1 | 1 Sv is | 100 rads | 100 rem | Both | None | 1b | multi | 1 Gy = 100 rads
1 Sv = 100 rem | Radiology | null |
70347f8b-069b-469f-afc6-36eb08596532 | All of the following are typical auscultatory findings in
mitral stenosis except: | A loud first sound | Opening snap | Mid-diastolic murmur with presystolic accentuation | Reversed splitting of the second heart sound | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
1effcb3b-9a97-4a70-9a02-c446eb037dce | Which type of cattle poisoning occurs due to ingestion of LINSEED plant: | Aconite | Pilocarpine | Atropine | Hydro cyanic acid | 3d | single | D i.e. Hydrocyanic acid | Forensic Medicine | null |
fa02bd09-9c68-41af-9596-aa90ba395ef8 | Which of the following presents with microcytic, hypochromic anemia: March 2013 (b, c) | Megaloblastic anemia | Iron deficiency anemia | Aplastic anemia | All of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. B i.e. Iron deficiency anemiaIron deficiency anemiaIf the anemia is due to iron deficiency, one of the first abnormal values to be noted on a CBC, as the body's iron stores begin to be depleted, will be a high RBC distribution width, reflecting an increased variability in the size of RBCs.In the course of slowly d... | Pathology | null |
312884c1-c288-4eef-9bbf-d45bd66e77bd | Most common eye ball tumour is | Retinblastoma | Sarcoma | Medulloblastoma | Malignant | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' ie Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumour of childhood and the second most common of all age groups.MC primary malignant intraocular tumour of adults - Choroid melanoma* | Ophthalmology | Intra Ocular Tumour |
1142587b-8ade-428b-9e7f-7291ebe152c0 | Virchow's Triad that predisposes to DVT consists of all the following except - | Hypercoagubility | Endothelial injury | Increased turbulence of blood flow | Increased platelet count | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Increased platelet count Virchow's triado Hypercoagubilityo Changes in blood flowo Changes in vessel wallSome other important triads commonly askedo Charcots triad*(Seen in cholangitis)Jaundice, Pain & Fevero Virchows triad*(etiology of venous thromobosis)Changes in blood flow, Changes in vessel wall,... | Surgery | Gall Bladder & Bile Ducts |
cf226055-5d45-4361-9daf-260c037e9571 | Intracellular accumulation of which of the following forms Russell bodies ? | Immunoglobulins | Cholesterol | Phospholipids | Lipoproteins | 0a | single | Intracellular accumulation of immunoglobulins that can occur in plasma cells or RER forms large rounded , eosinophilic Russell bodies. Multiple aggregates of Russell bodies forms Mott cells. Dutcher bodies- single and usually large pale staining nuclear inclusions that are common in IgA myeloma. | Pathology | Plasma Cell Disorders and Multiple myeloma |
091040cd-9efd-4a07-9638-27851919b2cb | The most common intracranial site of hypeensive aemorrhage is: | Basal ganglia | Brainstem | Cerebellum | Hippocampus | 0a | single | Answer is A (Basal ganglia): The putamen (basal ganglia) is the most common site of hypeensive haemorrhage' - Harrison 16th/2390 | Medicine | null |
6a37ea21-3ed8-4a72-9885-ef343594f09c | Terminal heamaturia occurs in | Urethra | Prostatic urethra | Kidney | Prolate | 1b | single | (Prostatic urethra) (411, 434. S. Das-clinical surgery 7th)* Most common cause of haematuria is cystitis**Bladder stone - Heamaturia is characterised by the passage of a few drops of bright-red blood at the end of micturition and is due to the stone abrading the vascular trigone-a fact that also accounts for the pain (... | Surgery | Miscellaneous |
1954d1b1-1c75-4ac2-bab1-ca73ebb3c4d1 | Regarding antibiotics true are : | No prophylaxis for clean contaminated surgery | No prophylaxis for gastric ulcer surgery | Prophylaxis for colorectal surgery | Local irrigation with antibiotic contraindicated when systemic antibiotics given. | 2c | multi | Surgical site infections or also k/a wound infections
are infections of the tissue, organs or spaces exposed by surgeons during the performance of an invasive procedure.
they are classified as below
Classification of Surgical Wounds
Clean Wound (Class I)
include those in which no infection is present; only skin micro... | Surgery | null |
14716527-0142-4f7d-83a0-cce0b2be23f3 | Schwannoma of spinal nerve roots is seen in? | Neurofibromatosis 1 | Neurofibromatosis 2 | Turcot syndrome | Li - Fraumeni syndrome | 0a | single | Schwannoma is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells of cranial and spinal nerve roots. NF-1 is associated with an increased incidence of schwannomas of spinal nerve roots. MC schwannoma is vestibular schwannoma or acoustic neuroma arises from vestibular poion of 8th cranial nerve. Patients with NF-2 have an inciden... | Medicine | Intracranial Space Occupying Lesion |
2c102093-2f7f-4c1c-9258-24cf0245c7a7 | Linitis plastica is seen in | Carcinoma of liver | Carcinoma stomach | Carcinoma lung | Carcinoma esophagus | 1b | single | (Carcinoma stomach) (557-Harsh Mohan 6th ,786-Robbin-Pathologic-Basis of disease 8th)Leather bottle appearance termed linitis plastica seen in gastric adenocarcinoma. Breast and lung cancers that metastasize to the stomach may also creat a linitis plastica- like appearanceSCIRRHOUS CARCINOMA (Linitis plastica) - the st... | Pathology | G.I.T. |
682367a0-2015-4ab4-9552-c18a3f7c09f0 | Ovulation in a women with 28 day cycle occurs at- | 14 days prior to mensturation | Just before LH surge | Just after corpus leuteal maturation | Due to progesterone rise | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 14 days prior to mensturation o The length of the secretory' phase is remarkably constant at about 14 d, and the variations seen in the length of the menstrual cycle are due for the most part to variations in the length of the proliferative phase. Thus ovulation occurs 14 days before the start of next... | Physiology | Sex Hormones |
665d2c3f-41b7-48df-8f45-f673c1a6b1cd | Which of the following does not belong to gestational trophoblastic tumour | Chorioangioma | Placental site trophoblastic tumour | Choriocarcinoma | Hydatidiform mole | 0a | single | Gestational trophoblastic diseases include : Hydatiform mole Invasive mole Placental site trophoblastic tumor Choriocarcinoma Ref: Dutta Obs 9e pg 180. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
d8f53524-a488-40f2-88eb-3dc9614f70e3 | D.latum transmitted by ? | Cercaria through cyclops | Cercaria through fish meal | Plerocercoid through fish meal | Metacercaria in cyclops | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Plerocercoid through fish meal | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
7d1b82cb-8b41-4728-adde-595365ba6198 | Death due to suffocation are all, except: AI 08 | Smothering | Choking | Throttling | Gagging | 2c | multi | Ans. Throttling | Forensic Medicine | null |
00baddb3-747f-4ec1-8da2-09a28934fb26 | Which of the following antipsychotic isn't available as depot preparation for the treatment of psychosis? | Aripiprazole | Olanzapine | Clozapine | Haloperidol | 2c | single | Clozapine isn't available as depot of long-acting muscular injection. clozapine is a drug that is used for trreatment of TREATMENT RESISTANT SCHIZIOPHRENIA patients the main adverse effects of clozapine was AGRANULOCYTOSIS, MYOCARDITIS, SIALORRHEA, SEIZURES, PARALYTIC ILEUS Ref: Essentials of postgraduate psychiatry By... | Psychiatry | Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders |
782a8699-5d7e-4d6b-b96c-69d40c9d41c1 | All of the following drugs can be used for diabetes insipidus, except : | Amiloride | Furosemide | Chlorpropamide | Carbamazepine | 1b | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
4d920461-1eab-47fd-9171-a46ccc0abdff | The finnish type of congenital nephritic syndrome occurs due to gene mutation affecting the following protein - | Podocin | Alpha-actinin | Nephrin | CD2 activated protein | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Nephrin Congenital nephrotic syndrome o Infant who develop nephrotic syndrome within the first 3 months of life are considered to have congenital nephrotic syndrome. o The most common cause of this syndrome is finnish-type congenital nephrotic syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder. o Two most comm... | Pediatrics | null |
4822057d-b550-441d-b708-8af55327fbca | Musde that originates from bone and interosseous membrane is? | Peroneus longus | Peroneus brevis | Tibialis anterior | Tibialis posterior | 2c | single | ANSWER: (C) Tibialis anteriorREF: Grays anatomy 40th ed chapter 83, Snell's 8th ed ch: 10Tibialis anterior is a superficial muscle and is therefore readily palpable lateral to the tibia. It arises from the lateral condyle and proximal half to two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibial shaft; the adjoining anterior... | Anatomy | Leg |
836334b1-66f5-4c95-869e-9cf9dcfe0f7d | False about customs- | Laws are inspired by customs | staing point is convention | Followed by only primitive societies | Customs are powerful | 2c | multi | customs are numerous and powerful.The staing point of custom is convention.Laws are generally custom inspired.The highly developed societies of the modern world are just as replete with social customs as the primitive societies of the past. Ref:(p.727) 25TH edition Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine | Social & Preventive Medicine | Social science, Mental health & Genetics |
505e84d4-0eae-4de9-8861-c726fde461f6 | Oral contraceptive failure occurs with: | Phenytoin | Phenobarbitone | Rifampicin | All | 3d | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
40acb45a-17a3-47bf-aba3-7e4798fe1439 | Type of blood flow seen in the apex of the lung is | No flow, P(ALV) > Ppc | Intermittent flow, P(ALV) < Ppc during diastole | Intermittent flow, P(ALV) < Ppc during systole | Continuous flow, P(ALV) < Ppc | 2c | single | Zone 2: Intermittent blood flow only during the peaks of pulmonary aerial pressure (Ppc) because the systolic pressure is then greater than the alveolar air pressure (PALV), but the diastolic pressure is less than the alveolar air pressure. | Physiology | Respiratory system |
9ae9396f-c252-4e25-aa52-93d3b6ee9ba3 | Which of the following is increased in lipoprotein lipase deficiency | VLDL | LDL | HDL | Chylomicrons | 3d | single | Chylomicrons
Lipoprotein lipase deficiency (Type I hyperlipoproteinemia) results in increased level of chylomicrones. | Biochemistry | null |
c8d4f0fa-46b1-4787-bf8f-4d539c97810f | A 24-year-old woman appears at 8 weeks of pregnancy and reveals a history of pulmonary embolism 7 years ago during her first pregnancy She was treated with intravenous heparin followed by several months of oral warfarin (Coumadin) and has had no further evidence of thromboembolic disease for over 6 years. Which of the ... | Having no evidence of disease for over 5 years means that the risk of thromboembolism is not greater than normal | Impedance plethysmography is not a useful study to evaluate for deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy | Doppler ultrasonography is not a useful technique to evaluate for deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy | The patient should be placed on low-dose heparin therapy throughout pregnancy and puerperium | 3d | multi | Patients with a history of thromboembolic disease in pregnancy are at high risk of developing it in subsequent pregnancies. Impedance plethysmography and Doppler ultrasonography are useful techniques even in pregnancy and should be done as baseline studies. Patients should be treated prophylactically with low-dose hepa... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical & Surgical Illness Complication Pregnancy |
4bc3b91a-0dce-48c3-895a-25c7b626d9ae | Low risk type of HPV: | Type-16 | Type-6 | Type-18 | Type-31 | 1b | single | Ans. b. Type-6 | Microbiology | null |
1548f2bf-3c86-4680-84fd-bb5af4e6f13f | A child is presenting features of hyperparathyroidism. All of the following are true about him except | Raised serum calcium | Raised serum phosphorus | Raised alkaline phosphatase | Resorption of minerals from bones | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
b1326ed6-920f-4233-9bb8-1a18a85ba270 | Which of the following amino acid is required for synthesis of hemoglobin? | Alanine | Glycine | Arginine | Histidine | 1b | single | Synthesis of Heme The enzyme ALA synthase condenses glycine with succinyl CoA to form delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) (Chapter 21). It is the key enzyme of heme synthesis.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 185 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid |
5603ad82-45ca-4521-94fa-020fed85fa12 | Total number of TB cases in a community of 6000 population 150. Number death due to TB are 30. What is the TB specific death rate (per 1000 population) ? | 20 | 10 | 5 | 0-5 | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 0-5 Specific death rates When analysis is planned to throw light on etiology, it is essential to use specific death rates. The specified death rate helps identify paicular 'at risk' group (s) for prevention. It also permits comparison between different causes within same population. The specific death... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
e5d3d589-566f-4aac-b56c-d7dc4bf7f725 | Ovulation coincides with : | Estrogen surge | Progesterone surge | FSH surge | LH surge | 3d | single | LH surge | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b4ad6fec-9445-48c5-a7ad-fea59fc0c972 | Skin graft for facial wounds is taken from: | Medial aspect of thigh | Cubital fossa | Groin | Post auricular region | 0a | single | The thigh, is most frequentluy used as a donor site, but almost anywhere else can be used. Grafts are harvested using a skin graft knife or a power dermatome. | Surgery | null |
c7e86739-b175-4abd-91dd-fd101a869ec6 | A bacterium can divide every 20 minutes. Beginning with a single individual, how many bacteria will be there in the population if there is exponential growth for 3 hours? | 512 | 440 | 18 | 1024 | 0a | single | A bacterium can divide every 20 minutes and exponential growth is for 3 hours,
Thus, C = 1,
And r = 1 (it doubles every time)
n = 3 hours/20 minutes = 9 times
Thus P = C (1 + r)n = 1 (1 + 1)9 = 29 = 512 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
10f45014-6171-4d58-9246-c4ecc2500a62 | Maximum scattering in X-ray plate occurs in | Carbon | Mercury | H+ | Ca++ | 0a | single | Scattering is directly propoional to the number of electrons available in the outer shell of the atom. option A : Carbon has 4 outer shell electrons option B : mercury has 2 outer shell electrons option C : H+ has 0 outer shell electrons option D : Ca++ has 0 outer shell electrons | Radiology | Fundamentals in Radiology |
53e940cc-f5d2-4a13-9bb5-f5de4a2536da | Suxamethonium is: | Non depolarizing muscle relaxant | Depolarising muscle relaxant | Direct acting muscle relaxant | All of the above | 1b | multi | Suxamethonium is Succinyl choline that is a depolarising blocker. Suxamethonium chloride, also known assuxamethonium or succinylcholine, is a medication used to cause sho-term paralysis as pa of general anesthesia. This is done to help with tracheal intubation or electroconvulsive therapy. It is given either by injecti... | Pharmacology | Anesthesia |
153a819f-3b16-435a-8e69-d13e2de09a5b | Alcohol/ethanol induced fatty liver is caused by increased in ratio of? | NAD* to NADH | NADH to NAD' | NADPH to NADP* | NADP' to NADPH | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., NADH to NAD,Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is readily absorbed from GIT and degraded by oxidation (oxidative process).Liver is the major site for ethanol oxidation.Excess alcohol intake leads to excessive production of NADH with a concomitant decrease in NAD+ which causes Hypoglycemia, Inhibition of p- oxida... | Biochemistry | null |
934fc0f0-40e5-4842-a380-f3b7cbc47b7e | Which statement is not true about hallucinations? | It is as vivid as a real perception | It occurs in inner subjective space | It is independent of will of observer | It occurs in the absence of any perceptual stimulus | 1b | multi | Criteria for hallucination Occur in the absence of any object or stimulus Hallucination are as vivid as a real perception Occur in outer and objective space Not in the control of patient Inner & subjective space - pseudo hallucination M/c hallucination - auditory hallucination Tactile hallucination is seen in cocaine i... | Psychiatry | Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders |
5d354476-ed36-48f5-9648-85c47b171228 | Which muscle does NOT contribute to dorsal digital expansion | Interossei | Lumbricals | Extensor digitorum | Adductor pollicis | 3d | single | Dorsal digital expansion is a tendinous modification of extensor digitorum and receives attachment of lumbricals, interossei but not adductor pollicis. Lumbricals andinterossei- MCP Flexion & IP extension their attachments to dorsal digital Expansion | Anatomy | Upper limb : Miscellaneous |
60e5498d-0b30-4d62-bb3a-65857d971c93 | A 2-year-old boy is brought in by his mother because of the bloody stool after ingestion of unknown amount of rat poison (coumarin based). He is admitted and treated with fresh frozen plasma and vitamin K after his prothrombin time (PT) was found to be prolonged. What is the reason for bloody stool in this case? | Local irritation of bowels because of the ingestion of rodenticide | Coumarin is antagonizing vitamin K reductase necessary for production of factors VIII and IX | Coumarin is antagonizing vitamin K reductase necessary for production of factors II, VII, IX & X | Coumarin caused disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) | 2c | single | Answer: c) Coumarin is antagonizing vitamin K reductase necessary for production of factors II, VII, IX and X* Vitamin K is necessary for production of factors II, VII, IX, and X. Coumarin will antagonize vitamin K reductase and can result in the bloody stool after poisoning* Irritation of bowels is possible, but it wo... | Pathology | Blood |
2a4f0cdd-4726-433c-bfb6-650ee2856c7a | Most common organism responsible for gas gangrene | Clostridium perfringens | Clostridium difficile | Clostridium tetani | Clostridium septicum | 0a | single | null | Microbiology | null |
48366942-1f59-4965-8daa-85008f3c4e02 | Which of the following statements about healthy, intact capillaries is true? | They control blood pressure. | They are lined by a simple columnar epithelium | They have a smooth muscle coat. | They inhibit clot formation. | 3d | multi | The smooth endothelial lining of intact, healthy capillaries inhibits clot formation. They are lined by a single layer of endothelial cells They do not have a smooth muscle coat. They do not control blood pressure | Physiology | Circulation |
f775ddd0-0968-41d3-8d5a-bfb1526a4cf6 | Repetition of a study in a given group is | Panel study | Cohort study | Group study | High risk | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
fbac8c3e-b327-4f12-9a8b-93deba9fc2b3 | All are carried through anterolateral system except:March 2005 | Proprioception | Temperature | Pain | Crude touch | 0a | multi | Ans. A: ProprioceptionAnterolateral system carries:PainThermal sensationsCrude touch and pressure sensations capable only of crude ability on the surface of the bodyTickle and itch sensationsSexual sensationsProprioception is carried in dorsal column-medial lemniscal system | Physiology | null |
a2f9b1be-1205-42b5-a2a4-b0265e03ea73 | A 30 year old male, who met with a A, regained conscious after 36 hours. It was then discovered that the patient is unable to create new memories. The probable site of lesion for this symptom is | Amygdala | Neocoex | Hippocampus | Hypothalamus | 2c | single | From the history, it is clear that the patient is suffering from anterograde amnesia. Therefore the site of lesion is hippocampus. Hippocampus is the primary structure within temporal lobe involved in conversion of sho-term memory to long-term memory. Hippocampal cognitive map is inappropriately reactivated during a de... | Physiology | Nervous system |
1b6087ec-ef1a-4153-b1fe-cf4d0bf23dbf | Uncooked Fish eating causing Megaloblastic Anemia is due to ? | H. nana | Taenia saginata | Echinococcus | Diphyllobothrium Latum | 3d | multi | Diphyllobothrium latum /Fish tapeworm DH-Man, IH-1st- cyclops 2nd- fish if man eats uncooked fish then larvae is ingested changes to ADULT forms-these adult forms settle up in small and large intestine - these decreases VIT B12absorption - causing megablastic anaemia | Microbiology | Parasitology Pa 2 (Helminthology) |
dfa78158-98e0-4600-b45a-86c85a1d4932 | Tinea seen after inadvertent treatment with topical steroid is: | Tinea incognito | Vagabond disease | Tinea versicolor | Tinea capitis | 0a | single | Ans: a (Tinea incognito) Ref: Davidson, 20th ed, p. 1083Inadvertent topical steroid application leads to worsening of the signs (tinea incognito) Chronic infestation with louse results in a post inflammatory hyperpigmentation and thickening of the skin known as "vagabond disease".Tinea versicolorCaused by malazzesia fu... | Skin | Fungal Infection |
bf76e53c-acaa-478b-8973-96cff20a4466 | T.J.Crow | Coined the term "Dementia Praecox" | Gave 11 First rank symptoms | Divided Schizophrenia into 2 subtypes , Type I & Type II | Gave 4 'A's of Schizophrenia. | 2c | single | Type I
Type II
Positive Symptoms
Negative Symptoms
CT and MRI normal
CT and MRI shows enlarged ventricles
Good Prognosis
Bad Prognosis | Psychiatry | null |
5385a471-41b5-4566-bad5-6ee56b7841ef | Pityriasis rotunda is: | Fungal infection | Bacterial infection | Pityriasis affecting nail | Variant of Ichthyosis | 3d | single | Pityriasis rotunda - Pityriasis rotunda is described as a persistent, large, sharply defined circular patch of dry ichthyosiform scaling with no inflammatory changes. Variant of Ichthyosis Fixed, annular, scaling, dry-skin change More often seen in the African and Asian races Associated with neoplasia, paicularly Hepat... | Dental | Tumours of skin |
54fd4aec-2dde-446f-b3ac-4ea8ec38f5b3 | Mercury poison acts on: | Proximal convoluted tubule | Distal convoluted tubule | Loop of Henle | Collecting ducts | 0a | single | A i.e. Proximal convoluted tubule | Forensic Medicine | null |
848b5c6f-298c-4a96-9e1e-35480f9c0a3c | Kreb's cycle is the second metabolic pathway involved in the catabolism of carbohydrates into energy. First substrate of Kreb's cycle is: | Pyruvate | Glycine | HQ | Lipoprotein | 0a | single | Pyruvate enters the Krebs cycle (Citric acid cycle or Tricarboxylic acid cycle) following its conversion to acetyl-CoA; the reaction is catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase that links glycolysis to the citric acid cycle and produces one molecule of NADH. Ref: Janson L.W., Tischler M.E. (2012). Chapter 6. Carbohydrate Me... | Biochemistry | null |
7099717f-249d-4617-b1d9-4680a79af5e7 | Muller's maneuver is ? | Forceful expiration against closed glottis | Forceful inspiration against closed glottis | Forceful expiration against open glottis | Reverse of Valsalva's maneuver | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Reverse of Valsalva's maneuver Muller's maneuvre : - A flexible endoscope is passed through the nose and the patient asked to inspire vigrously with nose and mouth completely closed. Look for collapse of the soft tissues at the level of base of tongue and just above the soft palate. Level of pharyngea... | ENT | null |
861a5317-24d9-465a-8534-1d3079e7985b | Collagen 7 is present in which layer of Basement membrane zone | Hemi-desmosomes | Salt split layer | Lamina Densa | Sublamina Densa | 3d | single | SUBLAMINA DENSA * Contains anchoring fibrils, anchoring plaques, elastic microfibrils (without elastin), and linkin . Anchoring Fibril :- * Primary constituent is type VII collagen; appears larger than anchoring filaments and emanates perpendicularly down from lamina densa into papillary dermis. * Connects lamina densa... | Dental | Anatomy of skin |
aec0d463-2498-4037-b2a9-56e514feb96b | Hematocrit relates to which of the following: | Total blood volume | Total RBC volume | Total WBC volume | Plasma filtrate | 1b | single | null | Physiology | null |
fa061a03-0979-4abe-9f63-303c2259b509 | The cremaster muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves | Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve | Ilioinguinal | T12 | Femoral | 0a | single | CREMASTER MUSCLE:- Consists of muscle fasciculi embedded in cremasteric fascia. The fasciculi form superficial loops from middle one-third of upper surface of inguinal ligament and deep loops from pubic tubercle, pubic crest, and conjoint tendon. Fully developed in males. In females only few fibres. Muscle along with t... | Anatomy | Lower limb |
ea6d19ad-5263-4ef5-9ca9-5421dd659284 | All are true in megaloblastic anaemia except - | Microcytes | Megakaryocytes | Decrease in Platelets | Neurological symptoms | 0a | multi | null | Pathology | null |
b35383ea-bc7c-45c7-8def-8a8ebb5335db | The pivot test is for: | Anterior cruciate ligament | Posterior cruciate ligament | Medial meniscus | Lateral meniscus | 0a | single | The pivot shift test was positive for anterior cruciate deficiency. A pivot shift demonstrates a non-functioning ACL. Ref: Surgical Techniques for the Knee By Fred D. Cushner, W. Scott, Giles R. Scuderi, 2006 ; Apley's System of Ohopaedics and Fractures, 8th Edition, Pages 705, 708 | Surgery | null |
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