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27ff652e-9989-439a-9c0b-9422a7dc4359 | Gun barrel vision is seen in | Closed angle glaucoma | Papillaedema | Nuclear cataract | All of the above | 1b | multi | (B) Papillaedema# GUN BARREL VISION that appears as when looking through a Tunnel or Gun Barrel.> Common Causes:1. Glaucoma (Late)- Chronic open angle glaucoma2. Retinitis pigmentosa3. Post-papillaedema optic atrophy4. Hyaline bodies Drusen) of optic disc5. Bilateral occipital infarcts with macular sparing6. Malingerin... | Ophthalmology | Miscellaneous |
9f582790-4639-42a4-9dcd-0358b68d6c41 | The corpus luteum of menstruation presents for: | 5 days | 10 days | 14 days | 30 days | 2c | single | 14 days | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
d42371a8-a754-476a-bdf3-d6fdf8c7e323 | Which of the following DMARDs require liver function testing? | Methotrexate | Infliximab | Abatacept | Cyclophosphamide | 0a | single | Methotrexate can lead to hepatotoxicity and therefore require regular liver function assessment. | Pharmacology | null |
b063c890-b581-4951-bd11-6c4ebbe82702 | Antinuclear antibody specific for SLE is | Anti ds DNA | Anti nuclear antibodies | Anti centromere antibody | Anti histone Ab | 0a | single | Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmunedisease of protean manifestations and variableclinical behavior. Clinically, it is an unpredictable, remittingand relapsing disease of acute or insidious onset thatmay involve viually any organ in the body; however, itaffects principally the skin, kidneys, s... | Pathology | Cardiovascular system |
eed4da6f-60fb-4123-b5a4-404dea2f39ed | Pancreas is derived from | Foregut | Midgut | Hindgut | Notochord | 0a | single | Pancreas is derived from foregut. Liver and pancreas are present at the junction of foregut and midgut. Oesophagus,stomach,liver,pancreas and duodenum are derived from endoderm of foregut. | Anatomy | Mesentry, neurovascular bundle |
ab46b4f9-a712-43f5-ba00-605037b33c79 | Middle ear cavity is connected anteriorly to: | Nasal cavity | Nasopharynx | Mastoid antrum | Mastoid air cells | 1b | single | Ans: B (Nasopharynx) Ref: Grays Anatomy 40th EdExplanation:Middle ear cavityAnterior wall - Upper canal for tensor tympan muscle & lower canal for auditory tube which communicates to the nasopharynxPosterior wall communicates the mastoid antrum through aditusLateral wall seperates the middle ear from external earMedial... | Anatomy | Ear |
495465a2-3170-4e69-9cde-88c38972a4a6 | Inferior most structure of right hilium is | Bronchus | Inferior pulmonary vein | Pulmonary aery | Inferior bronchial vein | 1b | single | Superior pulmonary vein is the anterior most and inferior pulmonary vein is the inferior most structures of both lung hiliumQ.Upper most structure of hilum (root) of lung is pulmonary aery (left side)Q and epaerial (superior lobar) bronchus (on right side) Q. | Anatomy | null |
ccf182bc-5a57-4169-9ec7-b356490c7b3c | Neurological symptoms and premature graying of hair is
associated with: | Folic acid deficiency | Pernicious anaemia | Plummer-Vinson syndrome | Paterson-Kelly syndrome | 1b | single | null | Pathology | null |
3834a01e-a480-413d-b6fe-eb71a36ab6cf | Breast milk is deficient in w hich vitamin - | Vitamin A | Vitamin B1 | Vitamin K | VitaminC | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Vitamin K o Exclusive breasfed infants may have folfowine deficiencies -i) Vit Bl2 (if mother is strict vegetarian)ii) Vit Diii) Fluorideiv) Vit K"Breastfed infants are protected as the breastmilk contains adequate amounts of vitamin C, except when the mother is deficient in Vitamin C".-- O. P. Ghai 1... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Pediatrics |
64fa7717-5c4b-4272-8acc-ddcb0a79c86e | Carbamazepine increase medical, neurological and psychiatric symptoms, when used in | Erythropoietic porphyria | Epilepsy | Bipolar disorder | Trigeminal neuralgia | 0a | single | (A) Erythropoietic porphyria # Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, as well as trigeminal neuralgia. It is also used off-label for a variety of indications, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizoph... | Pharmacology | Miscellaneous (Pharmacology) |
93e91bc9-9468-4ab0-8325-153287abd744 | Post splenectomy sepsis is common in | ITP | Thalassemia | Hereditary spherocytosis | All | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e. ITP; 'b' i.e. Thalassemia & 'c' i.e. Hereditary spherocytosis Schwaz writes about Postsplenectomy infections " Reason for splenectomy is the single most influential determinant of OPSI risk. Case series demonstrate that those who undergo splenectomy for hematologic disease (malignancy, myelodysplasia, ... | Surgery | null |
e9c84e2d-ad77-4e91-b4e3-7065fe90e15f | Bile infarct is related to - | Hepatitis B | Dubin Johnson syndrome | Extrahepatic cholestasis | Intraphepatic cholestasis | 2c | single | null | Pathology | null |
294b5940-a2e9-443b-882c-c0030685412e | Which of the following drug is an example of psychological antagonism | Heparin-protamine | Prostacycline-thromboxane | Adrenaline-phenoxybenzamine | Physostigmine-acetylcholine | 1b | single | Physiological antagonism describes the behavior of a substance that produces effects counteracting those of another substance (a result similar to that produced by an antagonist blocking the action of an agonist at the same receptor) using a mechanism that does not involve binding to the same receptor. Prostacyclin (PG... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
0618e97d-3df0-4ac7-9319-eed29f06197f | Diabetic retinopathy is essentially an angiopathy affecting retinal: | Precapillary aerioles | Capillaries | Venules | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. All of the above | Ophthalmology | null |
431514e6-5be4-40a7-a366-293506ed9ae3 | Ramping is done to treat the hemiseptal defect was given by: | Oshenbeen | Morris | Nymen | Karring | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
699ed850-9112-4dff-8920-873f4bdd86ed | Post-translational modification of clotting factors requires | Vitamin A | Vitamin B | Vitamin E | Vitamin K | 3d | single | Vitamin K has an impoant role in the blood clotting process. It brings about the posttranslational modification of ceain blood clotting factors clotting factor II (prothrombin), factor VII (SPCA) factor IX (Christmas factor) factor X (Stua prower factor) Vitamin K is required for the post-translational carboxylation of... | Biochemistry | vitamins |
179884a7-678c-4035-9bb8-5888ac323de2 | Which antipsychotic has maximum hypotensive side effect? | Flufenazine | Trifluoperazine | Thioridazine | Haioperidol. | 2c | single | Ref: Goodman 3 Gill man. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 12'" edition, Pg No. 440 Basic and clinical Pharmacology by Betram Katzitng, 12th edition Pg No 508Explanation:Phenothiazines are classified into three groups: a. Aliphatic derivatives- Chlorpromazine h. Piperedine derivative- Thioradazine c. Piperazin... | Pharmacology | Adverse Drug Effect |
b8e31a5c-b20e-4895-bc84-4b028b15c9ee | Acidophils secrete: | GH | TSH | ACTH | FSH | 0a | single | Acidophilic cell: Lactotrophs (10-30%) and Somatotrophs (50%).
Basophilic cell: Gonadotrophs (20%), Corticotrophs (10%) and Thyrotrophs (5%).
Somatotrophs – human growth hormone (hGH). Corticotropes – adrenocorticotropin (ACTH).
Thyrotrophs– thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
Gonadotrophs – gonadotropic hormones, whi... | Physiology | null |
7d9b8c29-19de-4e84-85e6-48d3eaf5b322 | Causes of haemorrhagic pleural effusion are all except | Pulmonary infarction | Mesothelioma | Bronchial adenoma | Tuberculosis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bronchial adenoma Causes of hemorrhagic pleural effusion Trauma Malignancy Postpericardiotomy syndrome Asbestos related effusion Tuberculosis | Medicine | null |
b2eacd66-8990-4360-bb95-f82e9654eca6 | APGAR score - include A/E | Hea rate | Respiratory rate | Muscle tone | Color | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Respiratory rate | Pediatrics | null |
c26b3600-12a0-4cb6-9392-dff4ae766c59 | Which of the following doesn't show pleural effusion with low glucose levels? | Rheumatoid ahritis | Empyema | Dressler's syndrome | Malignancy | 2c | single | Low glucose is seen in option rheumatoid ahritis, empyema, and malignancy. Hemorrhagic pleural effusion is seen in Trauma, Tumor and TB. Dressler's syndrome is a type of pericarditis, inflammation of the sac surrounding the hea (pericardium). Inflammation associated with Dressler's syndrome is believed to be an immune ... | Medicine | null |
6629c591-1bf2-4ff3-9edb-44b521a82682 | Death due to which poison causes postmortem staning of cherry-red colour | Carbon monoxide | Aniline | Phosphorus | Nitrites | 0a | single | null | Forensic Medicine | null |
67455520-85eb-4e3a-ba89-66f5aab0c2eb | Recall bias is more common with | Coho study | Randomized control trial | Cross sectional study | Case control study | 3d | multi | When cases and controls are asked questions about their past history it may be more likely for the cases to recall the existence of ceain events or factors than the controls who are healthy. (refer pgno:73 park 23rd edition) | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
dd26398d-41e5-4c7c-9169-5299c64ea948 | True about diveiculitis | Occur at any age | Often incidental finding at operation | Young patient has more aggressive disease | Left sided colon involvement is more common | 3d | multi | diveiculosis usually presents as pain in the left iliac fossa,which is constant and radiates to back and groin.it is also associated with tenderness,bloody stool,massive hemorrhage,and mass in the left iliac fossa.complications includes perforation,progressive stenosis,pericolic abscess. Ref:SRB's manual of surgery,ed3... | Surgery | G.I.T |
4be9545b-634c-4ef5-af49-62c0d4035283 | A 5yr old unimmunized child developed Diphtheria. He has a 3yr old immunised sibling contact, who received last booster 18 months back. What to do with the contact? | Two doses of polysaccharide vaccine | Three doses of conjugate vaccine | Sigle dose of toxoid vaccine | No vaccine needed | 3d | single | WHO Operational protocol for diptheria contacts - Assess diphtheria toxoid vaccination status of exposed close contacts. Vaccinate according to WHO strategy (which prioritizes children's vaccination). Type:Pentavalent (for 6 wks to 6 yrs) or Td (for 7 yrs and above). Number of doses:- Only one dose if documentary evide... | Pediatrics | NEET Jan 2020 |
c51aa3c7-5813-493e-b230-9047dd2bc181 | Which of the following is the best method for monitoring thiamine level in blood? | G6PD activity | Reticulocytosis | Absolute thiamine level in blood | Transketolase level in blood | 3d | single | Thiamine deficiency is diagnosed by an increase in erythrocyte transketolase activity observed upon addition of thiamine pyrophosphate. The activation of apo-transketolase (the enzyme protein) in erythrocyte lysate by thiamine diphosphate added in vitro has become the accepted index of thiamine nutritional status. Ref:... | Biochemistry | null |
349a3613-f11b-4895-ae3b-053180e562dd | Calcification of soft tissues without any distrubance of calcium metabolism is called: | Ionotrophic calcification | Monotrophic calcification | Dystrophic calcification | Calcium induced calcification | 2c | multi | . Dystrophic calcification | Pathology | null |
7f8843b9-e08a-449f-9732-18c4ef89f82a | Which of the following are non-spore forming anaerobic bacteria that assume major significance in the disease process | Bacteroides fragilis | Fusobacterium nucleatum | Peptostreptococcus | All | 3d | multi | All the above are Gram-negative non-sporing anaerobic bacilli associated commonly with a disease process. They assume major significance in the disease process Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Anathanarayan and paniker's; 10th edition; Page no: 274 | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
1a26ebd7-98dd-44a7-8221-44f9f9ac44da | Microangiopathic hemolytic anaemia is seen in all of the following diseases except aEUR' | Antiphosphplipid antibody syndrome | Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura | Microscopic polyangitis | Metallic cardiac valves | 0a | multi | Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome Metallic cardiac valves do not cause microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Don't mix microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with fragmentation syndrome. They are two separate entities, according to most standard text in hematology. Fragmentation syndrome Red cells when subjected to mechanical... | Surgery | null |
c3c52340-e2bd-4834-86ed-1d1f78d18f7f | Delayed prolonged increase in vascular permeability in inflammation is due to: | Interleukin 1 mediated endothelial retraction | Increased transcytosis | Leakage from newly formed blood vessels | Release of histamine causing endothelial contraction | 0a | single | null | Pathology | null |
b4ac073f-8685-42d4-953e-17d7646a90fd | Drugs causing SLE are: | INH | Hydralazine | Procainamide | All of these | 3d | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
7ada0a34-80ce-4f83-b501-431595ce63c7 | The amount of blood loss during each menstrual period is about : | 10 cc | 35 cc | 50 cc | 100 cc | 1b | single | Ans. is b i.e. 35 cc Normal Menstrual Cycle : Average amount of blood loss = 35 ml / cycledeg Normal duration of flow < 7 daysdeg Mean duration = 4.7 daysdeg Cycle length = 21 - 35 daysdeg Abnormal menses terminology Term Interval Duration Amount Menorrhagia Regular Prolonged Excessive Metrorrhagia Irregular Prolonged ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
ec6d0efd-3e47-4d4b-8b72-0a592959e303 | A 52-year-old woman presents with exeional fatigue and ascites. She is noted to have a rapid, irregular pulse rate. The chest X-ray reveals a small hea with calcification seen on the lateral view. The 12-lead ECG demonstrates low QRS voltage. Clinical diagnosis is? | Rheumatic pan-carditis | Constrictive pericarditis | Restrictive cardiomyopathy | Acute cor-pulmonale | 1b | multi | Calcification & low QRS voltage - indicates Constrictive pericarditis Other option: 1. Restrictive cardiomyopathy -No calcification 2. Acute Cor pulmonale- clots will be present 3. Rheumatic pan carditis - affects children | Medicine | ECG and Arrhythmias 1 |
80189a6e-a7f0-43a0-a1f3-2d64d7780cd1 | IInd cranial nerve is: | Optic nerve | Abducens nerve | Trigeminal nerve | Occulomotor nerve | 0a | single | Ans. A Optic nerveRef: Gray's Anatomy, 41st ed. pg. 310* The cranial nerves are individually named and numbered, using Roman numerals, in a rostro-caudal sequence, reflecting their order of attachment to the brain. They are named as follows:Cranial nervesCN numberCN nameAttachment/CommentsIOlfactory nerveArises from th... | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy |
651ea223-92be-462a-98db-cffb9adf8eb7 | Signet ring sign is seen in: March 2013 (b, d) | Blastomycosis | Bronchogenic carcinoma | Invasive aspergillosis | Bronchiectasis | 3d | single | Ans. D i.e. Bronchiectasis Signet ring sign The signet ring sign is a CT finding seen in patients with Bronchiectasis The ring of soft-tissue attenuation represents the wall of the dilated bronchus seen on a cross-sectional CT scan, whereas the low-attenuating circle of air represents air within the dilated bronchus. T... | Radiology | null |
607f6421-73c7-4a29-afc4-df4dc92c1718 | Diagnostic feature of parathyroid carcinoma is ? | Cytology | Metastasis | Clinical features | All | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Metastasis There is general agreement that a diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma based on cytological detail is unreliable, and invasion of surrounding tissues and metastasis are the only reliable criteria". Robbins | Pathology | null |
c1b87604-dff0-4e82-8d1c-4963aefc9e49 | At what blood alcohol level, there is Nystagmus, marked slurring of speech and alcoholic blackouts? | 150mg/dL | 200 mg/dL | 250 mg/dL | 300 mg/dL | 1b | single | (B) 200 mg/dLLevelLikely impairment20-30 mg/dLSlowed motor performance and decreased thinking ability30-80 mg/dLIncreases in motor and cognitive problems80-200 mg/dLIncreases in incoordination and judgment errsMobilityDeterioration in cognition200-300 mg/dLNystagmus, marked slurring of speech, and alcoholic blackouts> ... | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
b46cd145-1234-48e0-a35d-bdaa95f42023 | True about delirium tremens? | Clouding of consciousness | Coarse tremors | Chronic delirious behaviour | All | 3d | multi | A, B, C i.e. Clouding of consciousness, Coarse tremors | Psychiatry | null |
ddc0101b-deb6-49db-8bd2-7bde1a9717fb | Best way to prevent Nosocomial infection | Wearing mask | Hand washing | Maintaining distance | Frequent Bathing | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
35a52572-6f2d-4b81-9cfd-13e272afb36f | This develops along lines of embryological fusion in the floor of the mouth. SELECT ONE. | Cholesteatoma | Dermoid cyst | Glomus tumor | Neurofibroma | 1b | single | Dermoid cysts arise along line of fusion of embryonic parts. In the floor of the mouth, the swelling forces the tongue upward. Alternatively, the swelling may occur below the mylohyoid muscle, where it gives the impression of a double chin. It is not a premalignant lesion. It has an epithelial lining and may contain se... | Surgery | Neck |
fabae1b8-6ada-4e56-af26-6b37f1acc96d | Source of chronic subdural hematoma is: September 2011 | Aerial | Venous | Capillaries | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. B: Venous Chronic subdural haematomas usually occur in the elderly and are more common in those on anti-coagulant or anti-platelet agents. There is usually but not always a history of minor head injury in the weeks or months prior to presentation. It is thought that small bridging veins tear and cause a small acut... | Surgery | null |
24e5ba19-2549-4987-873b-b68bba72ca0c | Viscosity of synovial fluid depends upon:- | N-acetyl galactosamine | N-acetyl glucosamine | Glucuronic acid | Hyaluronic acid | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' Hyaluronic acid .The viscosity and the plastic (thixotropic properties) of the synovial fluid is because of its hyaluronate content.Hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan is a polymer of repeating disaccharide units (of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine).Also RememberFunctions of Glycosaminoglycans* Hy... | Biochemistry | Membrane Structure & Function |
c75f2931-c425-4add-891a-0148f8745c6d | TPN may be complicated by - | Obstructive jaundice | Hyperosteosis | Hypercalcemia | Pancreatitis | 2c | single | • Characterized by severe fluid and electrolyte shifts in malnourished patients undergoing refeeding.
• It can occur with either enteral or parenteral nutrition but is more common with the latter.
• It results in hypophosphataemia, hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia.
• Risk Factors: Alcohol dependency, severe malnutriti... | Surgery | null |
73391dc0-ea20-422c-a341-698ec33bd189 | a1 antitrypsin deficiency is seen in | Bronchial asthma | Emphysema | Bronchiectasis | Lung carcinoma | 1b | single | i.e. (Emphysema): (486-Basicpathology 8th) (1638-H17th)Panacinar (Pan lobular) emphysema is associated with a-lAT deficiency which has a predilection for the lower lobesPatients with severe a 1-antiprotease (a 1-antitrypsin) deficiency are recognized by family history and the appearance of panacinar bibasilar emphysema... | Pathology | Respiration |
0da9266f-422e-49b5-8583-7aea40033132 | Ketone bodies are formed in: | Liver | Pancreas | Kidneys | Lungs | 0a | single | Ketone bodiesThey are three different water-soluble biochemicals that are produced as by-products when fatty acids are broken down for energy in the liver.Two of the three are used as a source of energy in the hea and brain while the third (acetone) is a waste product excreted from the body.In the brain, they are a vit... | Biochemistry | null |
71b6ae1a-639b-4b3f-82ea-db0f0cfd6dd3 | Genital tuberculosis most common disseminates by? | Lymphatic | Hematogenous | Local spread | None | 1b | multi | Ans. (b) HematogenousRef: A comprehensive Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynecology BySadhana Gupta lsted p-215 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Tuberculosis of the Genital Tract |
05d6735a-d7ac-4925-a353-ca84b783b667 | The animal used for monoclonal antibodies production is | Mouse | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Monkey | 0a | single | Monoclonal antibodies are produced from mouse or from human using hybridoma technology eg: reslizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody Ref: Textbook of Microbiology Baveja 5th ed Pg 138 | Microbiology | general microbiology |
3504585d-4fa6-4d99-a45e-fbaddb44f97d | Intraocular pressure is increased by which anesthetic | Ketamine | O2 | N20 | Isoflurane | 0a | single | Ketamine may be contraindicated in patients with an open eye injury or other ophthalmologic disorder, in which a ketamine-induced increase in intraocular pressure would be detrimental. ketamine increases all the pressures - blood pressure intracranial pressure intragastric pressure intraocular pressure Ref: Miller's an... | Anaesthesia | General anaesthesia |
36e14e63-17d2-43cd-bad1-5fd59c774d0d | A person came to eye OPD for routine eye check u. On snellen's cha he was found to read 6/6. At what distance he should be able to read 6/24 | 36 m | 24 m | 6 m | 1 m | 1b | single | What does 6/6 mean in Snellen's cha * It means that the patient with or without glasses can see the letter at a distance of 6 m which a person normally should have been seeing at 6 m Now you would understand it by next example * 6/12 means a letter which a normal patient should be seeing at 12 metre , this patient can ... | Ophthalmology | Optics and Errors of Refraction |
d806752f-170b-4a03-bf12-60754203bd22 | Platelet transfusion is not indicated in: | Dilutional Thrombocytopenia | Immunogenic Thrombocytopenia | Aplastic Anemia | DIC | 1b | single | Answer is B (Immunogenic Thrombocytopenia) Immunogenic thrombocytopenias are caused by immune mediated destruction of platelets and therefore platelet supplementation is unlikely to benefit. Hemorrhage in a case of immunogenic thrombocytopenia such as Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is controlled by - Glucoco... | Medicine | null |
b8c1ee0f-7cda-4c35-98bd-d7e7abda726c | Which among the following factors level is not altered in vit K deficiency? | Prothrombin | Factor VIII | Factor VII | Factor X | 1b | single | Ans b: (Factor VIII) Ref: Harrison p.367, 728-730Coagulation factors II, VII, IX, X and protein C, S and Z are dependent on Vit K for post translational modification. Vit K also for bone protein osteocalcin and vascular smooth muscle protein- matrix glaproteinFew more points:* Gamma carboxy glutamic acid residues in th... | Medicine | Blood |
ae8944ed-ad62-47d7-a1b0-4a554ecbf51d | Output cells of cerebellum - | Basket cells | Granule cells | Stellate cells | Purkinje cells | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Purkinje cells o The cerebellar cortex contains five types of neurons : Purkinje cells, granule cells, basket cells, stellate cells, and golgi cells.o The axons of purkinje cells are the only output from the cerebellar cortex, generally pass to the deep nucleio Neurons of deep nuclei form the ultimate... | Anatomy | Cerebellum and Brainstem |
bc9a69e0-7e70-46a8-8447-3cad986a2e98 | Components of chromosome area) DNAb) t RNAc) m RNAd) r RNAe) Histone | ae | b | ab | ad | 0a | single | Nucleosomes are further arranged into increasingly more complex structures that organize into chromosomes.
Chromosomes are made up of DNA, histones, and non-histone protein. | Biochemistry | null |
96c8866d-10df-4acf-99c6-1f98a99daea9 | Von- rosen splint are applicable in | Developmental dysplasia of hip joint | Congenital talipes equinovarus | Congenital vertical talus | Tibia mileruae | 0a | single | (Developmental dysplasia of hip joint) (202- M)VON- ROSEN'S SPLINT - is an H-shaped melleable splint* Object of splintage is to hold the hips some what flexed and abducted* Used in congenital dislocation / dysplasia of hip jointAlso - Remember* Frog leg or Lorenz cast or Batchelor cast used in CDH* Broomstick plaster u... | Orthopaedics | Congenital Dislocation of Hip (C.D.H.) |
e9981a39-1092-43b7-9d09-16b8a10b4a21 | Most common pancreatic endocrine neoplasm: | Insulinoma | Gastrinoma | VIPoma | Glucagonoma | 0a | single | M/C NET of Pancreases - Non-Functional (PPOMA) M/C functional NET of Pancreas -Insulinoma MC Functional Enteropancreatic NET in MEN 1 - Gastrinoma > Insulinoma M/C functional & Malignant NET of Pancreas - Gastrinoma IOC for localization of NET - SRS (Somatostatin receptor Scintigraphy) | Surgery | NEET Jan 2020 |
6e1263bf-4a76-47f9-aaf0-f11fbd8fdf32 | A patient underwent Bhadrenalectomy in views of B/L pheochromocytoma 1 day later developed lethargy fatigue low BP and pulse normal No signs of volume deficit likely course | Addisonian Crisis | SIADH | DI | Cerebral salt wasting DISEASE | 0a | single | ref harissons 21st ed | Medicine | Haematology |
d62c4992-4409-47bb-acc6-f1e5a411d934 | Paget's disease of the nipple is treated by - | Radiotherapy | Radical mastectomy | Biopsy and simple mastectomy | Chemotherapy | 2c | single | null | Surgery | null |
a180e36c-3291-41ad-97e2-6eb10424c8c6 | Monochorionic monoamniotic twin occurs if division occurs : | Before 24 hours | 1-4 days | 4-8 days | > 8 days | 3d | single | > 8 days | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6230582d-5961-40ea-9fd7-d29ba7cd162c | Which is true regarding site of Meckel's diverticulum: | 2 feet proximal to ileocaecal valve on mesentric border | 2 feet distal to duodenojejunal flexure on antimesentric border | 2 feet distal to D-3 flexure on mesentric border | 2 feet proximal to ileococcal valve on antimesentric border | 3d | multi | null | Surgery | null |
d5801be0-198a-4393-954e-9668473a6645 | A.M.L. with worst prognosis | 8/21 translocation | Inversion 16 | Normal cytogenetics | Monosomy 7 | 3d | single | Monsomy 7 [Ref Harrison 17th/e p 680 & leh/e p 6341 There are number of factors which determine the prognosis in A.M.L. In a number of studies in last 2 decades it has been observed that cytogenetic markers are major determinants in assessment of prognosis. Prognosis of Acute Myeloid leukemia . t (8 ; 21),Q * Good prog... | Surgery | null |
0863b240-a7aa-4a26-9d24-7f750cb0c788 | Man is intermediate host of? | Malaria | Filaria | Dengue | Plague | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) MalariaREF: Jawett's 24th edition Section VI. Parasitology chapter 46. Medical ParasitologyRepeat in December 2011, December 2009Man is the defenitive host in most parasitic infections except in:Echinococcus granulosusPlasmodiumTaenia Solium(man is both defenitive and intermediate host)Toxoplasma gondiiSarc... | Microbiology | Protozoa |
c2f3d6e9-5798-412a-8d5f-82ebfe87d1b2 | Cozen's test is used for the diagnosis of - | Tennis elbow | Golfer's elbow | Base bailer's pitcher elbow | Carpal tunnel syndrome | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tennis elbow o Bryant's test: for anterior dislocation of the shouldero Call way s' test: for anterior dislocation of the shouldero Chovstek's sign : for tetanyo Claw hand : for ulnar nerve injuryo Coin test: for dorso lumbar tuberculosis of spineo Cozen's test: for tennis elbowo Drawer test: for ACL ... | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around Arm & Elbow |
53d3e23a-15ba-4c37-8c3e-23bd4a5e3311 | Which of the following is the most common cause of meningoencephalitis in children – | Mumps | Arbovirus | HSV | Enterovirus | 3d | single | "Enteroviruses are the most common cause of meningoencephalitis" | Pediatrics | null |
2d4126dd-add5-488f-930b-cd7b55e7c84a | Most preferable graft for mandibular reconstruction: | Graft from anterior illiac crest. | Costochondral graft. | Fibula graft | Any of the above. | 2c | multi | null | Surgery | null |
7d7c9097-61bb-4557-a9a5-d5ff9f72eb17 | A 42-year-old man experiences malaise and increasing icterus for 2 weeks. Physical examination shows jaundice, but there are no other significant findings. Serologic test results are positive for IgM anti-HAV and negative for anti-HCV, HBsAg, and IgM anti-HBc. Which of the following outcomes is most likely to occur in ... | Chronic active hepatitis | Complete recovery | Fulminant hepatitis | Hepatocellular carcinoma | 1b | single | The detection of IgM anti-HAV indicates acute infection. Progression of HAV infection to chronic hepatitis does not occur, but a few cases are complicated by fulminant hepatitis. HAV viremia is transient, so blood-borne transmission of HAV is rare. HAV is spread by the fecal-oral route, such as raw shellfish from a bay... | Pathology | Liver & Biliary Tract |
ab04d9aa-0d6e-442e-b4a9-79e8b131ca09 | Investigation of choice for diagnosing downs syndrome at 15 weeks of gestation in a mother with a history of delivering a down syndrome baby is which of the following: | Triple screen test | Amniocentesis | Chorionic villous biopsy | Ultrasonography | 1b | single | Amniocentesis is the investigation of choice for the diagnosis of downs syndrome. It is done between 14-16 weeks of gestation. It is performed in the context of prior history of a child with downs syndrome, advanced maternal age, abnormal triple or quad assay. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Editi... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
0c88435b-3b57-41fe-98b4-4066a3ee5c6c | The marked area develops from(in green colour) | Septum Primum | Septum secundum | Ostium primum | Ostium secundum | 0a | single | The marked area is floor of fossa ovalis that developes from septum primum | Anatomy | JIPMER 2018 |
5aea2810-016c-4f08-a027-9f68071a1d3b | A middle aged female presents with increasing visual loss, breast enlargement and irregular menses. Investigation of choice would be: | S. calcitonin | S. prolactin | S. hemoglobin concentration | S. calcium | 1b | single | A middle aged female is presenting with:
Increasing visual loss
Breast enlargement
Irregular menses
All these features can be explained by pituitary adenoma.
Most common type of pituitary adenomas prolactinomas
Prolactinomas can be diagnosed by raised serum prolactin levels so, the investigation of choice here is se... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
7dc2f306-c185-4323-8945-f59e0659adae | Processing of tactile stimulation occurs in Brodmann's area ? | 1,2,3 | 4, 6 | 44,45 | 41,42 | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1, 2, 3Processing of general sensory inputs primarily occurs in primary somatosensory area of parietal lobe.Primary somatosensory area is Brodmann's areas 3, 1, 2. | Physiology | null |
cfc1af01-979b-4a64-8efe-05f304e60df9 | Acute Lung Injury (ALI) is characterized by all except | PaO2/FiO2 < 200mm Hg | Bilateral interstitial infiltrates | PCWP <18 mm Hg | Normal Left atrial pressure | 0a | multi | Acute lung injury (ALI) is a less severe disorder but has the potential to evolve into ARDS. The aerial PaO2 (in mmHg)/FIO2 (inspiratory O2 fraction) <200 mmHg is characteristic of ARDS, while a PaO2/FIO2 between 200 and 300 identifies patients with ALI who are likely to benefit from aggressive therapy.Ref: Harrison's ... | Medicine | All India exam |
1294c059-d1f4-4ce9-8dca-f5eee67192b2 | Vitamin acting on intranuclear receptors - | Vitamin K | Vitamin D | Vitamin E | Vitamin B1 | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Vitamin D o Two vitamins are considered as hormones which act on intranuclear receptors (steroid receptor famity). There are:-i) Vitamin A (retinoic acid)ii) Vitamin D | Biochemistry | Vitamins |
9719dc2e-5360-4819-a96f-15567b08a5a4 | A Rh negative G4P3+O has an antibody level of 15 IU/ml (IAT 1 :32) at 27 weeks.What is the most appropriate next step in the management? | Estimate the amniotic fluid bilirubin levels | Estimate the fetal hemoglobin levels by cordocentesis | Estimate the middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity | Perform intrauterine transfusion | 2c | multi | Ans. is c, i.e. Estimate the middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocityThe antibody titer is high the next step is to determine whether the ISO fetus is anaemic due to haemolysis. The middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) is the best method of assessing the fetal condition. When the fetus has devel... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Pregnancy in Rh-negative Women |
ac16cc38-06d7-4704-af0a-baeeb4547a1e | Brucella abous primarily affects | Dog | Cattle | Swine | Goat | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cattle Human brucellosis is a zoonosis, acquired from animals directly or indirectly. The animals that commonly act as sources Sheep, goat and camel Cattle or Buffalo Swine Dog Br melitensis Br. abous Br suis Br canis | Microbiology | null |
9036751b-6256-433d-a12d-6477026f39eb | Eustachian tube opens due to contraction of which of the following muscles | Buccinator | Levator palati | Stylohyoid | Stylopharyngeus | 1b | single | Three muscles are related to the eustachian tube: tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini and salpingopharyngeus. The medial fibres of the tensor veli palatini are attached to the lateral lamina of the tube and when they contract help to open the tubal lumen. These fibres have also been called dilator tubae muscle.... | ENT | Pharynx |
6ca668fc-5abd-4956-b22f-f88d15aced1b | In a case of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, the metabolic disturbance is | Respiratory alkalosis | Metabolic acidosis | Metabolic alkalosis with paradoxical aciduria | Metabolic alkalosis with alkaline urine | 2c | single | Repetitive vomiting leads to hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis. The urine is alkaline initially but eventually it becomes acidic (paradoxical aciduria)
Cause of paradoxical aciduria
Initially the kidney compensate for metabolic alkalosis by reabsorbing hydrogen and chloride ions in exchange for sodium, p... | Surgery | null |
1a41ad9a-707c-42e8-82f9-580177f0f0ca | Agar polymer has | Brush heap structure | Interdigitation structure | Fish belly structure | All of the above | 0a | multi | Composition of Commercial Reversible Hydrocolloid Impression Materials: | Dental | null |
e105ac7d-7459-4205-9244-861a3eb8d096 | Otic barotrauma results due to - | Ascent in air | Descent in air | Linear acceleration | Sudden acceleration | 1b | single | Otitic barotrauma or Aero otitis media results due to rapid descent during air flight, underwater divising or compression in pressure chamber. | ENT | null |
1920f7c8-1ba3-4894-8c5f-54411c66b3bd | A 70-year-old man with a history of emphysema and progressive dyspnea is admitted with mild hemoptysis. On exam, he is afebrile; he has a left-sided chest wall scar from a previous thoracotomy with decreased breath sounds in the left lung field. There are wheezes and rhonchi heard in the right lung field. The CXR is sh... | Left lung atelectasis with mucus plug | Metastatic lung disease from lung primary | Multiple pulmonary infarcts | Septic emboli | 1b | multi | This chest x-ray shows opacification of the left lung field with surgical rib changes and clips seen near the left main stem secondary to a left pneumonectomy. Multiple nodular opacities of varying sizes are seen in the right lung field. These changes are characteristic of metastatic disease. With the history of a left... | Radiology | Respiratory system |
80f414f0-f187-4298-a8f5-129c734f80e6 | Veins are an example of | Conducting vessels | Distributing vessels | Resistance vessels | Capacitance vessels | 3d | single | the veins are examples of capacitance vessels | Anatomy | Thorax |
9a254ce9-5957-4524-b9e9-de81527db9bc | All the following are true about Rheumatoid arthritis except - | Positives for Anti-IgG antibody | Juxta-articular osteoporosis | Morning stiffness | C Reactive protein indicates better prognosis | 3d | multi | Persons who present with high titers of Rheumatoid factor, C Reactive protein and Haptoglobin have a worse prognosis than the individuals who present with Subcutaneous nodules or Radiographic evidence of erosions. | Orthopaedics | null |
fd76c171-0a5e-4d7e-a0c5-23c08f600fb3 | Which of the following is not a clinical presentation of Pituitary Apoplexy? | Headache | Hypotension | Hypeension | Vomiting | 2c | single | Pituitary apoplexy: Most frequent presentation isheadache- Retro-orbital in location. Nauseaandvomitingmay occur due to adrenal insufficiency, meningeal irritation, and hypothalamic dysfunction or raised intracranial pressure. Neck stiffnessis observed in patients with pituitary apoplexy and can be to sub-arachnoid hae... | Medicine | NEET Jan 2020 |
cc40a56d-bc40-4795-8837-3a61f622177f | "Tentative cuts" are seen in? | Homicide | Suicide | Accidental | Fall from height | 1b | multi | ANSWER: (B) SuicideREF: Parikh 6th ed p. 4.14Tentative/trial/ hesitation/preliminary wounds: small multiple superficial somewhat parallel and skin deep cuts usually found on anterior surface of extremities, chest and abdomen. Unintentional cuts: found on fingers, where razor blade has been gripped | Forensic Medicine | Injuries |
513071f0-e06a-467d-b659-deef5ec807cd | Hyperkalaemia can occur in all, except- | Insulin deficiency | Metabolic acidosis | Acute renal failure | Cushing's syndrome | 3d | multi | Causes of hyperkalemia are: I Pseudohyperkalemia A. Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B. Hereditary defects in red cell membrane transpo II. Intra- to extracellular shift A. Acidosis B. Hyperosmolality; radiocontrast, hypeonic dextrose, mannitol C. b2-Adrenergic antagonis... | Medicine | Fluid and electrolytes |
1574430a-ab27-4703-80fb-cac40d4dba7a | Confirmatory tests for C. diphtheriae - | Serological tests | Isolation in selective media | Tests for toxin | All of the above | 1b | multi | null | Microbiology | null |
1a0ff8a2-c692-4d07-a716-7f3d5280c09b | All of the following are true regarding R5 strain of HIV except | Utilizes CCR5 Co-receptor | Predominates in late stages of HIV | Transmits HIV efficiently | Infects microglial cells | 1b | multi | R5 Trophic Virus A strain of HIV that enters and infects a host CD4 cell by attaching to the CCR5 coreceptor on the CD4 cell. To enter a CD4 cell, HIV must first attach to a CD4 receptor, then attach to either the CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptor, and finally fuse its membrane with the CD4 cell membrane. HIV is usually R5-trop... | Surgery | General surgery |
8c034f48-5e57-44d9-b37b-39409847d029 | After the pericardial sac has been opened anteriorly during surgery, by passing a surgical clamp through the transverse sinus, surgeons can stop/dive circulation of blood in | Superior an inferior vena cava | Aoa and pulmonary veins | Aoa and pulmonary trunk | SVC and pulmonary veins | 2c | single | During surgery, a clamp is passed through the transverse sinus stops or dives the blood flow from the aoa and pulmonary trunk. Transverse pericardial sinus seperates the aerial end of the hea tube from the venous end. Aoa and pulmonary trunk lie anterior to the sinus and superior vena cava lies posterior to it. Therefo... | Anatomy | Thorax |
44b7a7b4-e02e-4dfe-8cd6-aafaba91dd3f | A person comes with right eye 6/60 and left eye 3/60. He shall be categorized into which type of blindness. | Manifest | Social | Economical | No blindness | 2c | multi | Blindness and Social: Blindness Presenting distance visual acuity of less than 3/60 (20/400) in the better eye and limitation of the field of vision to be less than 10 degrees from the center of fixation Economic blindness: The inability of a person to count fingers from 6 meters. Manifest blindness: Vision 1/60 to jus... | Anatomy | FMGE 2019 |
a3645501-f1ed-4577-8654-8d1455828515 | Following TPN, one expects weight gain after - | 2 days | 7 days | 4 weeks | 6 weeks | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
cfca58e3-ccbd-4287-a5ba-0ea59d694f77 | A 53-year-old woman presents with a 1-cm invasive carcinoma of the breast, detected on mammography. She feels well and has no other symptoms. On examination the lump is palpable, and there are no axillary lymph nodes. Which of the following is the most appropriate local therapy for her tumor? | simple mastectomy with axillary dissection | radiation therapy to breast and axilla | local excision plus radiation therapy | local excision and axillary dissection followed by radiation therapy | 3d | single | Breast-conserving surgery is now recommended for small tumors. Radiation therapy will decrease local recurrence rates. For tumors < 1 cm, adjuvant therapy is indicated only if axillary nodes are positive. Therefore, in this case, an axillary dissection will provide important therapeutic information. However, this is an... | Medicine | Oncology |
47bf8412-d232-455a-8406-93b57aa9daf2 | Septic arthritis is caused by: | N.gonorrhoea | E.coli | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans: d (All of the above) Ref: Bailey, 24,h ed, p. 420All the given organisms can cause septic arthritis in different age groups.Most common cause of septic arthritis - Staph aureus (in all age groups)More common in neonates- E. coli& Group B. StreptococciSickle cell anemia patients are susceptible to salmonella arthri... | Orthopaedics | Infection of Bones & Joints |
2244f36a-62f8-4a49-ac24-15db6f871cb7 | CURB 65 criteria include all except | Age more than or equal to 65 | RR more than 30/min | Systolic BP more than 90mmHg | BUN level more than 7mmol/L | 2c | multi | Image ref Davidsons 23e p563 | Medicine | All India exam |
ad1ae7e9-b259-478e-ab76-18b252983d9c | The arrow is located in which of the following structures? | Left costophrenic angle | Left cardiophrenic angle | Right costophrenic angle | Right cardiophrenic angle | 2c | single | null | Radiology | Radiological anatomy |
86e6d22c-4f8d-49e9-a00f-dd6ce8b881de | Koeppe nodules are present on – | Cornea | Conjunctiva | Iris | Retina | 2c | single | Iris nodules
There are many types of nodules that develop on iris in granulomatous uveitis:-
Koeppe nodule: - Seen at pupillary margin.
Busacca's nodule: - Seen on the peripheral part of the anterior surface of iris.
Tubercular nodules: - Scattered throughout the iris and ciliary body, mostly in the stroma. They are... | Ophthalmology | null |
5e5be67b-75a4-4253-9f03-8523a85d51e4 | Live attenuated vaccines are A/E | Measles | Rabies | Oral polio | Yellow fever | 1b | single | The internationally available cell culture and embryonated egg-based vaccine consist of rabies virus that has been propagated in cell substrates such as human diploid cells, Vero cells, primary Syrian hamster kidney cells etc (refer pgno 279 park 23rd edition) | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
87d8aa49-9a2c-4f48-b870-e69c42493477 | Trantas spots are seen in - | Vernal conjunctivitis | Eczematous conjunctivitis | Ophthalmia nodosa | Tularemia | 0a | single | Tranta's spots (Horner tranta's spots) are descrete white raised dots along the limbus and are composed of degeneraed eosinophils. Ref: Parson's 22nd/e p.180-181 & 21st/e p.178; Khurana 7th/e p.81 & 4th/e p.74,75 | Ophthalmology | Conjunctiva |
4ca5937d-a090-4222-a0bc-91b32c4a7c9f | A 65 yr. old man developed severe acute onset breathlessness within few hours of an aortic valve replacement. X-Ray diagnosis is? | Gross bilateral pleural effusion | Left tension pneumothorax | Pericardial tamponade | Entire left lung collapse | 2c | single | Ans. C. Pericardial tamponadeCardiac tamponadea. Gradual accumulation of pericardial fluid may fail to produce clinical signs or symptoms for an extended period of time.b. However, rapid accumulation of as little as 100-200ml of fluid can cause a hemodynamically significant compression of the heart, which severely impe... | Radiology | Respiratory System |
f63ec75d-abfe-4911-94f8-8a64b749e2c5 | Which of the following is a function of the golgi apparatus? | Modification of proteins | mRNA synthesis | Protein storage | tRNA synthesis | 0a | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
60a177ed-3450-4adc-b1c3-92cf8cea9636 | Median nerve injury at wrist, is commonly tested by: | Contraction of abductor pollicis brevis | Contraction of flexor pollicis brevis | Loss of sensation on palm | Loss of sensation on ring finger | 0a | single | Injury or compression of median nerve at wrist (eg carpel tunnel syndrome) can be tested by 1. Pen test for loss of action of Abductor pollicis brevis 2. Ape thumb deformity Q (adducted posture of thumb) 3. Loss of opposition & abduction of thumb Q (d/ t wasting of thenar muscles) 4. Sensory loss - lateral 31/2 of digi... | Anatomy | null |
854af768-96b7-483a-be84-233794abc5ad | Palpatory thud, audible slap is seen in- | Tracheal foreign body | Bronchial foreign body | Laryngeal foreign body | None | 0a | multi | null | ENT | null |
78ba4636-e97b-4fd7-b442-77396186270c | Weight gain Is seen In all except- | Cushings syndrome | Hypothyroidism | Pheochromocytoma | Insulinoma | 2c | multi | In pheochromocytoma, the child has a good appetite but because of the hypermetabolic state does not gain weight, and severe cachexia may develop. Page 1942, Nelson textbook of pediatrics 19th edition | Medicine | Endocrinology |
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