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2cc40176-09eb-457e-a8bd-b85a5dfb57d2 | LT antagonists are used in asthma for ? | Along with beta agonists to reduce steroids | In place of beta blockers as sole therapy | Prophylactic therapy for mild to moderate asthma | Definitive therapy in acute attack of asthma | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Prophylactic therapy for mild to moderate asthma Monteleukast and zafirleucast are cystenyl LT1 (cys LT1) receptor antagonists. They are indicated for prophylactic therapy of mild to moderate asthma as alternatives to inhaled glucocoicoids. | Pharmacology | null |
450db438-a275-434f-a21e-f5d07f74c02a | A 40 years old male was brought to the emergency with the history of colicky pain, multiple episodes of bilious vomiting with no passage of feces and flatus. X-ray abdomen was done. On the basis of findings, what is the diagnosis? | Duodenal obstruction | Jejunal obstruction | Ileal obstruction | Colonic obstruction | 1b | single | No passage of flatus - Small bowel obstruction X-ray abdomen shows - 1. Multiple dilated bowel loops and 2. Circumferential ring like pattern indicating - JEJUNAL OBSTRUCTION Small Bowel obstruction Large bowel obstruction Valvulae conniventes Thin complete lines seen in jejunum Absent Haustra Absent Thick incomplete b... | Surgery | Intestinal obstruction |
67373774-dfd0-488c-8180-3db03e10d9fc | All of the following statements about thrush are true
EXCEPT | It is caused by a gram-negative fungus | It is characterized by a plaque of proliferating epithelial and other cells | It is a complication of immunosuppression or systemic disease | It can affect neonates in an epidemic fashion | 0a | multi | null | Pathology | null |
c65586ce-a60d-45c2-9015-37fa8ccaa469 | Which is not a common cause of Placenta Accreta? | Previous LSCS | Previous curettage | Previous myomectomy | Previous placenta pre\/abrupto placenta | 3d | single | <p> The basic cause of placenta accreta is decidual deficiency. Associated conditions include implantation in the lower uterine segment over a previous cesarean section scar or any other uterine incision,or after uterine curettage. Reference: Mudaliar and Menon&;s clinical obstetrics,12th edition, page no;330. <\p> | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
3669ef42-d620-45cd-ae54-da334fffbec2 | Apex of the pedodontic triangle is formed by | Mother | Child | Dentist | None of the above | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
3baddd31-12f5-44ae-8994-0cc25b66355a | Most cardiotoxic local anaesthetic is- | Bupivacaine | Procaine | Prilocaine | Dibucaine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Bupivacaine Bupivacaine (Sensoricaine. Marcaine)o Bupivacaine is 2nd most commonly used local anaesthetic (after lidocaine).o Bupivacaine has the highest local tissue irritancy amongst local anaesthetics,o It is the most cardiotoxic local anaesthetic.o Levobupivacaine (The S(-) enantiomer of bupivacai... | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous (Local and Regional Anesthesia) |
8908c5d6-5358-4675-b20a-0d1c6849b1ef | Auspitz sign is related to – | Pemphigus | Psoriasis | Lupus vulgaris | Lichen planus | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
c7b19bc2-deb2-4a22-bd60-0a666b110adc | Carney triad consists of - a) Gastric Ca b) Paraganglioma c) Pulmonary chordoma d) Carcinoma bronchus e) Chondromatosis | abc | acd | ade | ac | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
798b9323-615d-49a9-9c76-2e4081503bc8 | Frie's test is useful for diagnosis of | Mycoplasma | Rickettsia | Sarcoidosis | Chiamydia | 3d | single | null | Microbiology | null |
45b1cf8a-8efe-45b7-8bc2-ce9da976700a | Human papilloma virus is a: | RNA virus | DNA virus | Both | None | 1b | multi | Ref: Microbiology by Ananthanarayan and Paniker, 8th ed. pg. 549* Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus from the papovavirus family that is capable of infecting humans.* Usually it causes no symptoms in most people, but some types can cause warts (verrucae), while others can in a minority of cases lead to cancers o... | Microbiology | Virology |
5b466c56-4e80-4aaf-a044-d3b024b172e9 | Most common site for carcinoid tumor is? | Pituitary | Pancreas | Small intestine | Lungs | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Small intestine * Carcinoid tumors arise from the neuroendocrine cells (Argentaffin cells or Kulchitsky cells). The majority are found in GI tract, and more than 40% in small intestine (jejunum & ileum). The tracheobronchial tree and lungs are the next common sites involved. | Pathology | G.I.T. |
6c9d5ab6-0b9b-4d2c-98ed-3d9ca1f55036 | After repeated infections manifested by cough, fever, and consolidation in lungs, the diagnosis of intralobar sequestration was established for a child. Sequestration of lung is seen MOST commonly in? | Right upper lobe | Right lower lobe | Lateral basal segment | Posterior basal segment of left lung | 3d | single | Pulmonary sequestration is nonfunctional pulmonary tissue that does not communicate with the tracheobronchial tree and receives its blood supply from one or more anomalous systemic aeries. This abnormality originates during the embryonic period of lung development. It is classified as either extralobar or intralobar.Ex... | Anatomy | null |
598fe872-0fd6-4936-9ba1-96b848d1db1b | Maternal Antibody responsible for heartblock in a baby born to mother suffering from SLE | Anti-La antibody | Anti-dsDNA antibody | Anti-Ro antibody | Anti-La antibody | 2c | single | Anti-Ro antibody crosses placenta and affects conducting system of fetal heart leading to Heart block. | Pediatrics | null |
d80d86a9-8cc2-4e22-94b3-df3d239a4250 | A man on return from a country complains of pain in abdomen, jaundice, with increased alkaline phosphatase and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. USG shows blockage in the biliary tree. What could be the cause? | Fasciola buski | Clonorchis sinensis | Strongyloides | Ancylostoma | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Clonorchis sinesis(Ref: Harrison, 18th/e, p. 1757, 1758; 19th/e, p. 1498; Chatterjee, 12th/e, p. 136)* Among the given option only Clonorchis sinensis is a liver fluke which can cause hepatic dysfunction with jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia. | Microbiology | Parasitology |
5a3775ce-8f96-4a81-be2a-5c7e49dd865b | Tzank smear - | HSV | Psittacosis | Cryptococcus | Ricketssia | 0a | single | Ans is 'a' i.e., HSV Tzank smearo It is done for vesiculobullous disorders.o A small, early, uninfected lesion should ideally be selected. The roof of the blister is removed with scissors, and the base of the blister gently scraped with a blunt scalpel so as not to produce bleeding. The material obtained is spread thin... | Skin | Vesiculobullous (Blistering) Disorders |
61b34f66-3863-44b4-8e0d-00ee1bd0f8c2 | Hypoglycemia, jaundice, microphallus with absent septum pellucidum are characteristics of which syndrome? | De morsier syndrome | Silver - Russell syndrome | Kallmann syndrome | Kearns - sayre syndrome | 0a | multi | Septo-optic dysplasia (De Morsier syndrome)- Underdevelopment of the optic nerve, pituitary gland dysfunction, and absence septum pellucidum Kalman syndrome: Hypogonadism and anosmia. Russell Silver syndrome: Sho stature, microcephaly, triangular facies, fifth finger clinodactyly Kearns - sayre syndrome- external ophth... | Pediatrics | JIPMER 2017 |
588d2563-1604-48d6-b971-2ea94049ea58 | Mannitol produces diuresis by- | Osmotic effect | Inhibition of Na K 2CL | Inhibition of Na K | Inhibition of aquaporin channels | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Osmotic effect Mannitol* It is a nonelectrolyte of low molecular weight that is pharmacologically inert.* It raises osmolarity of plasma and tubular fluid.* Blood viscosity is decreased.* Mannitol decreases tubular water and electrolyte reabsorption by -1. Due to osmotic effect, fluid is retained in t... | Pharmacology | Diuretic |
5197e348-4e42-4f10-bef9-6fe16e664e80 | Rice contains - | 6 % protein | 12 % protein | 14 % protein | 0.6 % protein | 0a | single | The protein content of rice varies from 6-9 percent. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 627 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
2dfb1a76-6e90-4c91-97e2-72256c6b346c | A patient appears in the emergency room with a submandibular mass. A smear is made of the drainage and a bewildering variety of bacteria are seen, including branched, gram-positive rods. Which of the following is the most clinically appropriate action? | Consider vancomycin as an alternative drug | Determine if fluorescent microscopy is available for the diagnosis of actinomycosis | Do no further clinical workup | Suggest to the laboratory that low colony counts may reflect infection | 1b | multi | The patient probably has actinomycosis. These laboratory data are not uncommon. There is no reason to work up all the contaminating bacteria. A fluorescent microscopy test for A. israelii is available. If positive, the FA provides a rapid diagnosis. In any event, it may be impossible to recover A. israelii from such a ... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
13f7c28d-4f56-4511-a37b-c4a3bd3c848c | A 15 year old male patient complains of pain in the lower back tooth. History of frequent snacking in between meals.
Intra-oral examination reveals occlusal caries with 16 and 36, proximal caries between 26 and 27 and grossly carious 46.
Which of the following must be used while taking a radiograph for this patient? | Round collimator | Rectangular collimator | Short pointed aiming tubes | Short source-to-skin distance | 1b | single | null | Radiology | null |
bb82112f-4527-4cac-90e7-eecfa8e43e23 | All the following are bulk forming laxatives except | Polycarbophil | Psyllium | Methylcellulose | Glycerin | 3d | multi | Glycerin is hyperosmotic laxative.Ref: Katzung 13thed.Pg 1090 | Pharmacology | All India exam |
d18e0fe6-1bc2-4e25-8128-309ea56672b6 | Which is not used in ORS: | Sodium | Potassium | Glucose with salt | Glucose without salt | 3d | single | Ans: dRef: Pedia ghai, 6th ed, p. 272 | Pediatrics | Fluid & Electrolyte |
150f0ba2-5231-4414-9b7f-ef2899317f4f | In diagnosing the carious lesions, the tooth surface is examined visually. Which of the following is not considered as visual examination? | Cavitations | Brownish black discoloration of pits and fissures | Opacification | Softness of the tooth surface | 3d | multi | The caries can be detected by
Visual methods (Cavitation, Chalky appearance of teeth)
Tectile methods (Checking carefully by using an explorer) | Dental | null |
8b4d777d-85e7-4996-8b2d-3886e3b2ab31 | The preferred gingival finish line for veneer metal restoration is | Shoulder | Chamfer | Shoulder with bevel | Radial shoulder | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
b47b4ee6-5276-45da-8abc-74e6f93e86c2 | Neonatal meningitis is caused by – | Group `B' Streptococcus | E. Coli | Klebsiella | All of these | 3d | multi | Causes of neonatal meningitis
Group B-streptococcus (str.agalactiae)
Listeria monocytogens
E.coli
Klebsiella
Streptococcus fecalis
Coagulase negative staphylococci
Staphylococcus aureus | Pediatrics | null |
0abb1b6f-3f1a-4c22-b0f4-b9ae099f8356 | Posterior boundary of Carotid Triangle is formed by | Superior belly of omohyoid | Posterior belly of digastric | Sterno hyoid | Sternocleido mastoid | 3d | single | Boundaries of carotid triangle IN FRONT & ABOVE- Post Belly of Digastric and Stylohyoid Muscle. IN FRONT & BELOW- Superior Belly of Omohyoid. BEHIND- Anterior Border of SternoCleidomastoid. | Anatomy | Neck Triangles and parotid gland |
4b584080-9f42-4abe-a93f-b2bd91cd1287 | Neonatal thymectomy leads to: | Decreased size of germinal center | Decreased size of paracoical areas | Increased antibody production | Increased bone marrow production of Lymphocytes | 1b | single | Tissue Thymus dependent(collection of T-lymphocytes)Thymus-independent Bursa dependent (collection of B-lymphocytes)Spleen Periaerial lymphoid collectionMalpighian corpuscle in white pulpPerifollicular regionGerminal centreMantle layerLymph nodeParacoical area between follicles in coex and medullary cords in medullaCoi... | Medicine | All India exam |
2f4a5b8b-a75d-4705-bde8-c78acfa2b045 | Which of the following is contraindicated in diabetics with Congestive hea failure | Empagliflozin | Metformin | Linagliptin | Pioglitazone | 3d | single | Thiazolidinediones are associated with weight gain (2-3 kg), a small reduction in the hematocrit, and a mild increase in plasma volume. Peripheral edema and CHF are more common in individuals treated with these agents. These agents are contraindicated in patients with liver disease or CHF (class III or IV). Ref Harriso... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
9971bad1-165c-4859-8765-5d834ba9b7ea | A child aged 8 months presented with itchy, exudative lesions on the face, palms and soles. The siblings also have similar complaints. Which among the following represents the Management of Choice? | Systemic ampicillin | Topical permethrin | Systemic prednisolone | Topical betamethasone | 1b | single | Ans. B. Topical permethrinThe child in this question indicates features of scabies caused because of Sarcoptes scabei. Treatment of choice in scabies is 5% permethrin cream.In adults, its application is usually from the neck down and after 8 to 14 hours of application it is washed off.In children less than 5 years of a... | Skin | Miscellaneous |
960e4292-35af-4d14-a347-c7ea115c4c01 | Hypothyroidism in pregnancy causes: | Macrosomia | Polyhydramnios | Mental retardation | Aboion | 2c | single | Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy.The majority of cases of hypothyroidism are due to autoimmune diseases. If pregnant and untreated there will be increased chance of miscarriage.An association has been repoed between untreated hypothyroidism and mildly reduced IQ and neurodevelopmental ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy |
9fb0580e-4e02-4bce-83b1-c4b9c0f581d1 | Which of the following is false regarding point source single exposure epidemic? | Often explosive | Is caused by infectious agents only | Cases develop within incubation period only | Rapid rise and fall of epidemic curve occurs | 1b | multi | Point source single epidemic is commonly caused by infectious agent but not always. The example of non infectious agents being involved include Bhopal gas tragedy, Chernobyl tragedy etc. Ref: Park, 21st Edition, Pages 60, 61. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
85152113-1466-4bc5-b9b8-25f41788b0aa | This type of tray is used for taking impression of: | Extremely resorbed ridges | Restricted mouth opening cases | Flabby ridges | In patients with severe gag reflex | 2c | single | This tray is made by using window technique and is used for taking impression of flabby ridges. Flabby tissue is recorded using mucostatic material like low viscosity elastomers. | Dental | null |
5baaa6b4-fdfd-4358-9911-0da675d08555 | Incubation period of swine flu- | 1-3 days | 2-3 weeks | 10-15 days | 5 weeks | 0a | single | (ref:Park's text book 23rd edition) Incubation period of swine flu is 2 - 3 days. It is caused by pandemic influenza A (H1N1) It can infect Lower respiratory tract and causes rapidly progressive pneumonia. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
67e8434c-6e29-422c-997b-e297eb5b4431 | Cryptococcus can be readily demonstrated by ? | Albe's stain | India ink stain | Giema's stain | Gram's stain | 1b | single | Ans. is b' i.e., Indian ink stain | Microbiology | null |
cbea2c66-a701-499a-86c1-13a055a062f8 | Gas cylinder with single pin index | Oxygen | Air | Titrogen | Entonox | 3d | single | Entonox has an pin index number of 7 . Air - 1 , 5 ; Oxygen- 2 , 5 ; N20 - 3 , 5 . CO2 - 1 ,6 ; Cyclopropane - 3 , 6 ; Heliox - 4 , 6 . PIN index number is developed to prevent incorect cylinder attachment . | Anaesthesia | Anaesthetic equipments |
e726bb7a-cb07-4a4b-acdb-c0b642eda4f0 | Medial compartment of thigh is supplied by which nerve? | Tibial nerve | Obturator nerve | Femoral nerve | Common peroneal | 1b | single | Ans. B Obturator nerveRef: Gray's Basic Anatomy E-book, P 205Obturator nerve is a branch of lumbar plexus.Related to ala of sacrum.Forms the lateral boundary of ovarian fossa.Emerges out of the obturator foramen and divides into anterior and posterior.Branches of Obturator NerveA. Anterior division: Gives off:# Muscula... | Anatomy | Lower Extremity |
8b35a245-17d8-419e-a347-29a79bb32a5d | A 30 year old man presents with 6 month history of nasal discharge, facial pain and fever. On antibiotic therapy, fever subsided. After 1 month again had symptoms of mucopurulent discharge from the middle meatus and the mucosa of the meatus appeared congested and oedematous. Next best investigation would be: | MRI of the sinuses | Non-Contrast CT of the nose and para-nasal sinuses | Plain x-ray of the para-nasal sinuses | Inferior meatus puncture | 1b | single | B i.e., Non contrast CT for nose & paranasal sinuses Bacterial sinusitis is uncommon in patients whose symptoms have lasted for > 7days. This diagnosis is reserved for patients with purulent nasal discharge and persistent symptoms (i.e. symptoms lasting > 7 days in adults or > 10-14 days in children). CT or sinus radio... | Radiology | null |
c30b88dc-af1a-433b-a1b4-0be880ced436 | Co-arctation of aorta may be associated with all of the following except - | Bicuspid aortic value | Turner syndrome | Renal artery stenosis | PDA | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
57ddfa79-cb34-48cd-9ec1-f87c9331e8b8 | Nonshivering thermogenesis is due to | Acetylcholine | Norepinephrine | Dopamine | Serotonin | 1b | single | Non-shivering thermogenesis occurs in brown adipose tissue (brown fat) that is present in all eutherians (swine being the only exception currently known). Brown adipose tissue has a unique uncoupling protein (thermogenin, also known as uncoupling protein 1) that allows the uncoupling of protons moving down their mitoch... | Physiology | Nervous system |
25b4cec8-f9c7-41c7-8625-5dbf9f21e034 | Which of the following structures does the ureter cross on an abdominal radiograph? | The bodies of the lumbar veebrae. | Ischial tuberosity. | Sacroiliac joint. | Pubic tubercle. | 2c | single | The ureter crosses the pelvic brim over the sacroiliac joint. The ureter lies over the transverse processes of the lumbar veebrae on an abdominal film. The ureter turns medially to enter the bladder over the ischial spine, not the ischial tuberosity. The ureter passes into the bladder along the line between the ischial... | Anatomy | GIT 1 |
399b32e9-b693-45aa-9927-dd9c051882ff | Androgen receptor blocking drug is : | Tamoxifen | Cyproterone acetate | Mifepristone | Nalondrone | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' Cyproterone acetate Cyproterone acetate is a Potent Antiandrogen competes with dihydrotestosterone for the intracellular androgen receptor and inhibits its binding. | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
9a7e3761-b99b-4574-85ce-f6772bd9519c | Worst prognosis is seen in which type of schizophrenia? | Paranoid | Catatonic | Hebephrenic | Simple | 3d | single | Most common-paranoid Best prognosis-catatonic Worst prognosis-simple Personality deterioration-hebephrenic Ref: Essentials of postgraduate psychiatry By JN Vyas 1st ed Pg 365-370 | Psychiatry | Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders |
d20d9ef1-7707-47a8-aab7-613b6faf6a5a | Anterolateral ahroscopy of knee is for ? | To see patella femoral aiculation | To see the posterior cruciate ligament | To see the anterior poion of lateral meniscus | To see the periphery of the posterior horn of medial | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., To see patella femoral aiculation Standard Poals In Knee Ahroscopy : Anterolateral poal ? Almost all the structures within the knee joint can be seen except the posterior cruciate ligament, the anterior poion of the lateral meniscus and the periphery of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus in tig... | Surgery | null |
0a8e68e7-fb70-41f3-872f-8288ff91a0fd | A 25 year old male with roadside accident underwent debridement and reduction of fractured both bones right forearm under axillary block. On the second postoperative day the patient complained of persistent numbness and paresthesia in the right forearm and the hand. The commonest cause of this neurological dysfunction ... | Crush injury to the hand and lacerated nerves | A tight cast or dressing | Systemic toxicity of local anaesthetics | Tourniquet pressure | 2c | multi | In local anesthetic toxicity there is circumoral (perioral) numbness and tongue paresthesia (not paresthesia & numbness in hand & fore arm).
This patient is having signs of peripheral nerve injury.
The involvement of the peripheral nerve is characterized by paresthesias, numbness, hypoesthesia, pain and neurological dy... | Anaesthesia | null |
ce9b6dab-e880-4b3e-88e9-88d45cd24f80 | Which of the following is associated with Pretibial myxedema | Thyrotoxicosis | Hypothyroidism | Hyperparathyroidism | All | 0a | multi | null | Surgery | null |
73f1e49b-29fe-4764-91ab-5bf8b32b401b | A new born is noted to have a large head and sho limbs. On fuher examination, sho broad fingers, a small face, and low-normal length are noted. The trunk appears long and narrow. To confirm the diagnosis you should | Order an ophthalmologic examination | Obtain skeletal radiographs | Order choromosome analysis | Examine the parents | 1b | multi | Achondroplasia is the diagnosis 1st Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder that results in dwarfism. Obtain skeletal radiographs Ref : Nelson paediatrics | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
521e6628-634d-4bb7-8e87-7b8274dea19a | Next step of Management of smear +ve but negative cha X-ray of TB presumptive pt | Repeat X-ray | Sta ATT | Do CBNAAT | Repeas smear | 1b | multi | Slide repoing The number of bacilli seen in a smear reflects disease severity and patient infectivity. Therefore, it is impoant to record the number of bacilli seen on each smear. Laboratory technicians should examine both the sputum samples from each TB suspect. They must record the result of each sputum sample with t... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
12fe138e-2c61-4a8d-a6ec-70f3f30487d3 | upper pa of the popliteal fossa arrangement of structure is (medial to lateral)? | aery - vein- nerve | vein-aery-nerve | nerve-vein-aery | aery-nerve-vein | 0a | single | popliteal fossa upper - aery-vein-nerve ( avn) lower - nerve -vein- aery (nva) (from media to lateral ) ref : bd chaurasia | Anatomy | All India exam |
b69d6290-421f-4e2f-92ac-8714eca2cb7c | The most common cause of Addison's disease is | Autoimmune adrenalitis | Meningococcal septicemia | Malignancy | Tuberculosis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Autoimmune adrenalitis o Most common cause (60%-70%) of primary adrenocoicol insufficiency (Addison'discases) is autoimmune adrenelitis. o Other common cause are. Tuberculosis -*Most common cause of Addison's disease in India . AIDS Metastatic cancers | Pathology | null |
c900005a-3693-4386-96bc-946a8b394846 | The commonest pre-malignant condition of oral cancer is | Leukoplakia | Aphthous ulcer | Lichen planus | Erythro-leukoplakia | 0a | single | Leukoplakia is the most common (~ 85%) of the premalignant lesions of the oral cavity. | Surgery | null |
58915bc9-4f7a-4258-89dc-ee13244853b4 | Maxillary sinus epithelium is made of ? | Pseudostratified columnar | Ciliated columnar | Simple columnar | Stratified squamous non-keratinized | 1b | single | Ans. is'b'i.e., Ciliated columnarLining epithelium of paranasal sinuses is ciliated columnar with goblet cells. | Anatomy | null |
b60a1bab-3549-4118-b325-bb825639f9ff | Failure rate of vasectomy is | 0.20% | 0.10% | 3% | 10% | 1b | single | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
168237c7-2799-4dde-95fe-b47edd638e13 | Best treatment of refractory ascites is? | AV shunt | TIPS | Frusemide with Low volume paracentesis | Distal splenorenal shunt | 1b | single | Refractory ascites can be managed by: Trans-jugular intra-hepatic peritoneal shunt (TIPS) Serial large volume paracentesis (LVP) with albumin. TIPS is superior to LVP in reducing the re-accumulation of ascites but is associated with an increased frequency of hepatic encephalopathy Extra Edge: Diagnostic criteria for re... | Medicine | Cirrhosis |
27b8aa3f-0220-424c-bf82-a3ecff8f99ac | Tomato ketchup retina is seen in | Central retinal aery occlusion | Central retinal vein occlusion | Coats disease | Sickle cell retinopathy | 1b | single | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 271 - 272)Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)FeaturesNon-Ischemic CRVO Ischemic CRVO Epidemiology Most common (75%)Moderate visual acuity lossLess common (25%)Severe visual acuity lossPathogenesis Slight RAPD with mild touosity & dilatation of retina... | Ophthalmology | Vitreous and retina |
fc04e509-e28d-4d90-ac14-f321570eec81 | The ideal tidal volume in a patient ventilated for ARDS is- | 6 mL/kg | 10 mL/Kg | l4 mL/kg | 2O mL/kg | 0a | single | The ideal tidal volume in a patient ventilated for ARDS is 6mL/kg predicted body weight.Moality was significantly lower in this low TV patients(31%) compared to the conventional TV (12 mL/kg predicted body weight) ventilation(40%). Despite its life-saving potential mechanical ventilation can aggravate lung injury in se... | Medicine | Respiratory system |
b9314e23-7477-4866-ab9b-b7ce9c4c7105 | In caissons, disease pain in joint is because of | Nitrogen bubble | Oxygen bubble | Carbon monoxide | Air in joint | 0a | single | Caisson's disease has many synonyms : as:- Bends - Decompression sickness - Diver's paralysis - Dysbarism.It occurs in divers, compressed air is taken in order to match the pressures at deep sea.The air contains Nitrogen in almost 70 % of the mixture.At high pressures in the sea, the pressure over the body is balanced ... | Physiology | Respiratory system |
71e94eca-a582-4c5e-bc02-6bada86ed360 | Which one of the following gastrointesinal disorders predisposes to urolithiasis | Peutz - jegher's syndrome | Sho bowel syndrome | Familial polyposis coli | Ulcerative colitis | 1b | single | .Outcome of Sho Bowel Syndrome * Severe malabsorption. * Severe dehydration. * Gallstone formation due to altered bile metabolism. * Urinary calculi due to increased oxalate level. * Water and electrolyte imbalance. * Diarrhoea is common. * Recurrent bacterial enteritis. * Fulminant hepatic failure often can occur. ref... | Surgery | G.I.T |
73a7bb31-7c84-4303-b824-e7504ca2096c | Effect of PIH on GFR is: | GFR Increase | Decreases GFR | GFR remains the same | GFR can increase or decrease | 1b | single | The changes are conspicous in the glomerulus which becomes enlarged.(Glomerular Endotheliosis) Endothelial cells swell up and fibrin like deposits occur in the basement membrane. Lumen may be occluded. Interstitial cells between the capillaries proliferate. There is associated spasm of the afferent glomerular aerioles.... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy |
35930f10-ea56-4d41-be22-bf2fe776965e | True statement about orphan drugs: | Drugs used for orphans | Drugs used for rare disease | Easily available drugs | Drugs with excessive financial benefits | 1b | multi | Ans. (b) Drugs used for rare disease* Drugs which are developed specifically for rare diseases are called orphan drugs.* These drugs are difficult to research, develop, and market due to lack of financial benefits.* Because of this a separate law known as 'The Orphan Drug Acf was passed in 1983.* Examples include defer... | Pharmacology | General Pharmacology |
9099574d-ab2d-44c8-9d52-8a598dfe0a72 | Bile strictures are seen in | Cholelithiasis | Malignancy | Post operative | Worm infestation | 0a | single | Biliary strictures are most commonly present post operatively(80%),especially following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.It can also occur following open cholecystectomy,biliary surgery,gastrectomy,liver surgery,duodenal and pancreatic surgery. Choledocholithiasis(CBD stones) can lead to recurrent attacks of cholangitis an... | Surgery | G.I.T |
55f7f4b2-6aeb-411a-b502-5d51f0a806b4 | Banana and lemon sign is seen in which fetal anomalies : | Neural tube defect | Hydrops fetalis | Twins | IUD | 0a | single | Signs of Spina bifida on USG : Small biparietal diameter Ventriculomegaly Frontal bone scalloping or the so called Lemon sign. Elongation and downward displacement of the cerebellum, the so called Banana sign Effacement or obliteration of the cisterna Magna. Ref:Williams Obs 23e pg 354,355. | Anatomy | General obstetrics |
b5777dec-8645-4344-8025-655aa99a7738 | Pellagra is due to deficiency of: September 2006, 2009 | Riboflavin | thiamine | Niacin | Pyridoxine | 2c | single | Ans. C: Niacin Pellagra is caused by a chronic lack of niacin (vitamin B3) in the diet. It can be caused by decreased intake of niacin or tryptophan, and possibly by excessive intake of leucine. It may also result from alterations in protein metabolism in disorders such as carcinoid syndrome. A deficiency of the amino ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
678b250a-9315-4433-b04f-ed53c271b2e7 | First layer of sole has | Abductor hallucis | Flexor hallucis longus | Flexor hallucis brevis | Adductor hallucis | 0a | multi | SOLE OF THE FOOT:- 4 layers of muscles Muscles of first layer:-1. Flexor digitorum brevis2. Abductor hallucis 3. Abductor digiti minimi Muscles of second layer:-1. Tendons of FDL2. Tendon of FHL3. flexor digitorum accessorius 4. Lumbrical muscles Muscles of third layer:-1. Flexor hallucis brevis 2. Flexor digiti minimi... | Anatomy | Lower limb |
ac29ab7d-8870-4790-8fa8-bf7e18f2f057 | Interocclusal space is: | Space between upper and lower teeth | Space between maxilla and mandible at rest | Space between the jaws when muscles that elevate and depress the mandible are in minimum tonic contraction | None of the above | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
14fba7c9-2028-452d-8a8d-7606f52ca55f | Which of the following drug is not used against pseudomonas? (UP 2005) | Piperacillin | Carbenicillin | Ticarcillin | Oxacillin | 3d | single | Because community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) causes more than one half of all staphylococcal infections in most communities, empiric therapy with penicillins or cephalosporins may be inadequate. Some expes recommend combination therapy with a penicillinase-resistant penicillin or c... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
fa49c840-9bd9-410c-b3b9-b4d9d43c7df1 | First lymph node involved in maxillary carcinoma: | Submental | Submandibular | Clavicular | Lower jugular | 1b | single | In paranasal sinus tumors Lymphatic spread: Nodal metastases are uncommon and occur only in the late stages of disease. Submandibular and upper jugular nodes are enlarged. Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses drain primarily into retropharyngeal nodes, but these nodes are inaccessible to palpation. Systemic metastases are rar... | ENT | null |
d311d3bd-0af7-4a45-9b9d-58054b293395 | The most effective step in MCH is | Maternal health promotion | Child health promotion | School health promotion | Non formal education of the mother | 0a | multi | The objectives of MCH care are-
Reduction of morbidity and mortality rates of mothers and children
Promotion of reproductive health
Promotion of the physical and psychological development of child within family
This is achieved by working under the following sub components-
Maternal health
Family planning
Child... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
cdfe7be2-428d-4236-b2d5-c5784b82f447 | Agonist is having | Affinity with intrinsic activity 0 | Affinity with intrinsic activity 1 | Affinity with intrinsic activity -1 | None | 0a | multi | Ref-KDT 6/e p41 Agonist have intrinsic acriacti 1 because Intrinsic activity is a measure of the ability of a drug that is bound to the receptor to generate an activating stimulus and produce a change in cellular activity. Both agonists and antagonists can bind to a receptor. However, only agonist molecules can activat... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
6880c4c3-8233-417e-8e15-a8083605f0e4 | The following bacteria are most often associated with acute neonatal meningitis except: | Escherichia coli | Streptococcus agalactiae | Neisseria meningitidis | Listeria monocytogenes | 2c | multi | Neisseria meningitidis is not associated with acute neonatal meningitis. Option 1, 2, 3, 4 Causes of Meningitis are: a) Neonatal < 1 Month: - Bacterial causes: Esch. coli > Group B Streptococci >Other Gram Negative bacilli> Listeria monocytogenes. - Viral and Protozoal Infection: TORCH, Varicella Zoster and HIV. - Spir... | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli) |
faa31c9f-4cb2-402f-966f-60bab0f6139c | A 35-year-old man presented to the casualty with agitation, global confusion, disorientation, hallucinations and autonomic hyperactivity. On history taking, he had his last alcohol drink 5 days ago. Which of the following can be used in the immediate treatment of the condition? | Diazepam | Carbamazapine | Morphine | Chlordiazepoxide | 3d | multi | The clinical presentation suggests severe alcohol (ethanol) withdrawal or Delirium Tremens. The immediate management includes the use of long-acting benzodiazepines. In the given choices both Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) and Diazepam are long acting. However, Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) is longer acting than diazepam. The... | Psychiatry | null |
8c100164-3f0c-49db-9c16-0e05472927b2 | Which among the following is essential for wound healing: | Vitamin A | Vitamin D | Vitamin C | Carbohydrate | 2c | single | Deficiency of vitamin C causes reduced cross-linking of tropocollagen to collagen. | Pathology | null |
8dd698f2-8dac-4200-9e73-a12a92548f2c | Which of the following is referred to as Luxatio erecta? | Tear of the glenoid labrum | Inferior dislocation of shoulder | Anterior dislocation of shoulder | Defect in the humeral head | 1b | single | "Inferior (downward/subglenoid) dislocation of shoulder is known as luxatio erecta". Inferior dislocation of shoulder It is caused by severe hyper abduction force. With the humerus as the lever and acromion as fulcrum, the humeral head is lifted across the inferior rim of the glenoid socket and pokes into axilla (subgl... | Surgery | null |
be7496b3-3a9a-4c54-9c8e-beb0c5a96284 | Commonest spinal tumour is - | Meningioma | Ependymoma | Neurofibroma | Neuroblastomas | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Neurofibroma | Surgery | null |
93032a3c-fbb1-43f5-ab38-bd0b440d0b23 | All are features of Pompe&;s disease except | Cardiomyopathy | Skeletal myopathy | Hyperglycemia | Hepatomegaly | 2c | multi | Type II(Pompe) disease results from lysosomal storage of glycogen in skeletal muscles,cardiac muscles, and central nervous system.There is progressive cardiomyopathy.ECG shows left axis detion,sho PR interval & large QRS.Hea failure with dyspnoea and cyanosis may occur.Skeletal muscles show hypotonia and marked weaknes... | Pediatrics | Metabolic disorders |
80201c43-b846-4721-8049-84bc58324c65 | The “Shoe Leather Survey” was given by | Trendley H. Dean | Frederick McKay | Greene Black | J. M. Eager | 0a | single | Fluoride was established as the causative factor for mottling of enamel through the historical studies conducted by Trendley H. Dean, known as the "Shoe Leather Survey". | Dental | null |
fc03fa84-c117-4c3e-b51f-dcc72153083b | Primary dentition shows teeth eruption by | 6 wks | 12 wks | 6 months | 12 months | 2c | single | Primary dentition Ref: Ghai 9th edition, table 2.2 Upper jaw lower jaw Central incisor 8-12 mnths 6-10 mnths Lateral incisor 9-13 mnths 10-16 mnths First molar 13-19 mnths 14-18 mnths Canine 16-22 mnths 17-23 mnths Second molar 25-33 mnths 23-31 mnths | Anatomy | General anatomy |
fa5e291a-827f-481d-ac81-d3f5ddeb49a5 | Causative particle in asbestosis is? | Amphibole | Crysolite | Tridymite | Gristobalite | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Amphibole(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 689)Serpentine Q (M.C) and Amphibole Q (more pathogenic) as particles are asbestor particle associated with asbestosis. | Pathology | Respiration |
27d09878-6c3b-41d5-a004-3a3ebe565328 | Which of the following antipsychotic is a partial agonist at D2 receptors? | Olanzapine | Ziprasidone | Aripiprazole | Quetiapine | 2c | single | All antipsychotics are antagonists at D2 receptors except Aripiprazole which is a partial agonist. | Psychiatry | null |
a8721383-9c2b-4fbd-b458-a9f05ff6b0eb | True about measles vaccine is that it is - | Thermolabile | Thermostable | Bonth | None | 0a | multi | <p>MEASLES VACCINE:- Live attenuated vaccine Person to person transmission of measles vaccine strains has never been documented. Freeze dried product. Before use ,the lyophilised vaccine is reconstituted with sterile diluent. Diluent must be cooled before reconstitution but it should not be freezed.After reconstitution... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
060d145d-1650-42f9-a648-1a5868ca81e2 | Transthoracic compliance formula:- | C = Vt x RR /PEEP | C = V/AIv p - atmospheric pressure | C = Vt/Pplt - PEEP | C = Vt/Pk - Pplt | 1b | single | Various pressures in thoracic cage. 1. Intra pleural pressure - - Intra pleural pressure is the pressure of the fluid in the thin space b/w the lung pleura & the chest wall pleura - It's a slight negative pressure. - Normal pleural pressure at the beginning of inspiration is about - -5 cm H2O (at rest) - At rest - - 5c... | Physiology | JIPMER 2018 |
2e617669-aeac-4c9a-a27d-ea16c13a6f57 | Mitsuda reaction is read after - | 3 days | 3 hours | 3 weeks | 3 months | 2c | single | null | Microbiology | null |
d5ce3c4d-3e5e-4e48-87cf-9d035139e7a2 | A 45 year old male, known case of Rheumatoid ahritis is on a monotherapy since many years. Symptoms of RA are controlled but suddenly patient develops blurring of vision. Which of the following drug is responsible for sudden affect on vision? | Leflunomide | Methotrexate | Sulfasalazine | Hydroxychloroquine | 3d | single | -Hydroxychloroquineis used for the treatment of rheumatoid ahritis. - Taking hydroxychloroquine for a long-term or at high doses may cause irreversible damage to the retina of your eye. (Bull's Eye Retinopathy) Blurred vision, trouble focusing Distoed vision, blind spots Changes in your colour vision Hazy or cloudy vis... | Medicine | NEET Jan 2020 |
c41ff909-9da7-4ea4-9345-b60ff7b38785 | Generated 3-4 Hz spike and slow wave complex is seen in | GTCS | Abscence seizure | Simple paial seizure | Myoclonic epilepsy | 1b | single | During an absence seizure, your brain&;s electrical signals repeat themselves. A person who has absence seizures may also have altered levels of neurotransmitters. Hyperventilation or flashing lights may trigger an absence seizure in others. Doctors may never find a specific cause for some patients. Abscence seizure : ... | Pediatrics | Central Nervous system |
2f6be5e4-d5be-4d92-823c-ce65c7cc5ee1 | Which Lung Cancer resembles Pneumonia with Air Bronchogram sign? | Squamous Cell Ca | Large Cell CA | Small Cell Ca | Bronchoalveolar CA | 3d | multi | *Bronchoalveolar carcinoma resembles pneumonia on a chest x ray *Has Aerogenous spread,along the bronchial wall called Lepidic growth *CT angiogram sign is also seen in Bronchoalveolar Ca | Radiology | Respiratory Radiology |
03728e73-1c20-4993-a66b-3814bdce0b06 | Insulin mediated glucose uptake occurs through | GLUT-1 | GLUT -2 | GLUT- 3 | GLUT -4 | 3d | single | D i.e. GLUT-4 | Physiology | null |
2f0fed57-8872-4074-96bd-2be34d4ea466 | A 45-year-old businesswoman arrives in your office with vague abdominal complaints. She has noticed melenic stool. Upon performing a sigmoidoscopy, you find a 4-cm mass in the upper colon. You should immediately order a blood test for which of the following tumor markers? | a-Fetoprotein | Anti-tumor antibody | Antitumor light chains | Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) | 3d | single | The best-characterized human tumor-associated antigens are the oncofetal antigens. CEA is a glycoprotein and member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and is elevated in colorectal cancer. a-Fetoprotein (AFP) is analogous to albumin and elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is elevat... | Microbiology | Immunology |
380e7bc4-3c76-4e3c-b24b-d74780b77b6a | Efficacy of a new drug A is compared with an existing drug B in : | Clinical trial phase I | Clinical trial phase II | Clinical trial phase III | Clinical trial phase IV | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
702e71fb-730a-4f76-ac94-e53941e032b3 | Most common site for retinal break is | Upper temporal | Lower temporal | Upper nasal | Lower nasal | 0a | single | Upper temporal region is most common site for retinal break The mechanism most commonly involves a break in the retina that then allows the fluid in the eye to get behind the retina. A break in the retina can occur from a posterior vitreous detachment, injury to the eye, or inflammation of the eye. Other risk factors i... | Ophthalmology | Vitreous and retina |
51d0f10e-ae57-4c8f-afb2-620ec94772eb | Thromboxane is produced by? | Platelets | Leukocytes | Vessel wall | RBCs | 0a | multi | Ans. a (Platelets). (Ref. Robbin, Pathology, 6th ed., 70, 71; Harper's biochemistry 27th ed. Table 50-3)# Platelets contain the enzyme thromboxane synthetase and hence TXA2, is major product in these cells.Thromboxane A2# TxA2, a potent platelet-aggregating agent and vasoconstrictor, is itself unstable and rapidly conv... | Pathology | Blood |
f2ed19b2-e154-495f-bcc7-730015eb1ef9 | Cerebral malaria is most commonly associated with which of the following? | Plasmodium vivax | Plasmodium malariae | Plasmodium falciparum | Plasmodium ovale | 2c | single | Appropriately and promptly treated, uncomplicated falciparum malaria (i.e., the patient can swallow medicines and food) carries a moality rate of 0.1%. However, once vital-organ dysfunction occurs or the total propoion of erythrocytes infected increases to >2% (a level corresponding to >1012 parasites in an adult), moa... | Microbiology | null |
ccd51509-1c82-4b46-9e8c-1fa1b519517a | Which of the following is a step in the gluconeogenic pathway? | Pyruvate to Acetyl co A | Glucose 6 phosphate to fructose 6 phosphate | oxaloacetate to citrate | oxaloacetate to phosphoenol pyruvate | 3d | multi | Pyruvate to acetyl co A is an anaerobic step in oxidation of glucose Glucose 6 phosphate to fructose 6 phosphate is a step in glycolysis oxaloacetate to citrate is a step in krebs cycle | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate |
69242d81-7b89-40a5-97c2-000d69be583d | any behaviour is assosiated with reward will be increased in frequency. this is based on | mindfulness therapy | behavior therapy | psychodynamic therapy | cognitive therapy | 1b | single | Behavioral therapy is learning given by BF Skinner , according to him all behaviors are learned phenomenon and thus can be unlearned Positive reinforcement a type of reinforcement when a behavior is rewarded there is more chance that the behavior is repeated Negative reinforcement is that when a behavior is done and an... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
f217d015-69df-45d5-b880-fbed1767e162 | The following drug is NOT useful during acute attack of bronchial asthma : | Salbutamol | Hydrocortisone | Cromolyn sodium | Theophylline | 2c | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
e8fdfbc8-7c3a-4943-8cb3-230389545a94 | Not True about Bedaquiline | Inhibits mycobacterial ATP synthase | Given for MDR - TB patients | Contraindicated in pregnancy | Given in > 10 years aged patients | 3d | multi | Given in > 18 years aged patients
Contraindicated in pregnancy and cardiac - arrhythmia. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
5df6a7ee-7169-4d63-be51-9f4aff160b14 | At how many weeks of gestation is amniocentesis mostly performed ? | 10-12 weeks | 12-20 weeks | 20-25 weeks | 25-30 weeks | 1b | single | Amniocentesis is often performed between 15 and 20 weeks of gestation. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is an alternative to amniocentesis and is usually performed either transervically or trans abdominally between 10 and 12 weeks of gestation . | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
ddc17c40-96d3-4844-9469-1cbd68c4fbf0 | Treatment of choice for mycosis fungoides in tumor stage is? | PUVA therapy | Chemotherapy | Electron beam therapy | Topical corticosteroids | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Chemotherapy Treatment of mycosis fungoides (Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)Patch stage (good response) (stage-1)Potent topical corticosteroidsUltraviolet BPsoralens + UVA (PUVA)Plaque stage (moderate response) (stage-2)Electron beam therapyPUVATopical nitrogen mustardTumor stage (Poor response) (stage-3)L... | Skin | Skin Cancer |
a33cd4b1-9f19-40d9-a0fb-1903e05d8918 | Duke's stage C2 refers to carcinoma - | Bladder penetrating the extravesical fat | Bladder with metastasis to internal iliac lymph nodes | With histological features of 75% anaplastic cells | Rectum with metastasis to inferior mesentric lymph nodes | 3d | single | Duke's staging is used for colorectal cancer.
In Dukes 'C' stage, there is involvement of regional lymphnodes.
Duke's staging has been explained earlier. | Pathology | null |
df076e7b-49af-4080-a97e-177e95976413 | Helicobacter pylori is not associated with:- | Gastrointestinal lymphoma | Gastric cancer | Gastric leiomyoma | Peptic ulcer | 2c | single | Helicobacter pylori is associated with: Acute gastritis Peptic ulcer disease Chronic atrophic gastritis Autoimmune gastritis Promotes pernicious anemia Adenocarcinoma of stomach Non-Hodgkin's gastric lymphoma. | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Haemophilus, Yersinia, Spirochaetes, Ricketssia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and Miscellaneous Bacteria) |
b8eb2b8b-7ec7-41d6-937a-85f061439df1 | Calcipotriene is a | Vitamin A analogue | Vitamin B analogue | Vitamin C analogue | Vitamin D analogue | 3d | single | A topical vitamin D analogue (calcipotriene) and a retinoid (tazarotene) are also efficacious in the treatment of limited psoriasis and have largely replaced other topical agents such as coal tar, salicylic acid, and anthralin. Ref: Harrison 19e pg: 348 | Dental | Papulosquamous disorders |
3d72bb26-28b8-4d81-a0ef-45e6be51ae7e | Most common serotype of listeria causing infections: | 1/2a | 1/3a | 1/3b | 1/2c | 0a | single | Ans. is. 'a' i. e., 1/2a | Microbiology | null |
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