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427e4fc4-c2f9-48bf-91ed-6a0f4f0b4889 | Opioid tolerance develops to all of the following actions, except: | Miosis | Analgesia | Euphoria | Nausea and vomiting | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Wasis Tolerance is exhibited to most actions of morphine except for miosis and constipation. | Pharmacology | null |
b97ad132-b856-45b3-91cd-048c753ee6f2 | Which among the following help in folding of Proteins | Proteosomes | Chaperones | Glycoproteins | Proteases | 1b | single | Chaperones also called as heat shock proteins are auxillary proteins that assist in protein folding. | Biochemistry | null |
5fe3f11e-c2ee-4778-8e10-df40bcef5ac7 | A 46- Years old female presented at the eye OPD in a hospital. Her vision in the right eye was 6/60 and in left eye 3/60. Under the National Programme for Control of Blindness, she will be classified as | Low vision | Socially blind | Economically blind | Normal vision | 0a | multi | Low Vision - Visual Acuity - NPCB, India
Category 1 - <6/18 – 6/60 - Low Vision
Category 2 - <6/60 – 3/60 - Economic Blindness
Blindness
Category 3 - <3/60 – 1/60 - Social Blindness
Category 4 - <1/60 – PL+ - Manifest Blindness
Category 5 - PL– - Absolute Blindness | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
90415f43-6067-4a5a-a95d-1eeb1ff7ed76 | Function of superior oblique muscle is: | Intorsion, adduction and depression | Intorsion, abduction and elevation | Intorsion, abduction and depression | Extorsion, abduction and depression | 2c | single | The primary action of the superior oblique muscle is intorsion (internal rotation), the secondary action is depression (primarily in the adducted position) and the teiary action is abduction. | Anatomy | null |
61471cf6-298e-4dd8-9e8e-80de22307e19 | Which of the following inhalational agent can cause coronary steal phenomenon- | Isoflurane | Sevoflurane | Desflurane | Halothane | 0a | single | Isoflurane more than other inhalational agents increases coronary blood flow many times beyond that of the myocardial oxygen demand, thereby, creating potential for "Steel", steel is diversion of blood from a myocardial bed with limited or inadequate perfusion to a bed with more adequate perfusion. | Anaesthesia | Inhalational Anesthetic Agents |
e33e61bf-5461-44c4-bb94-42a9983afee1 | Screening are for trachoma is: | Below 5 years school child only | 1-9 years | 9-14 years | 5-15 years | 1b | single | Ans. b. 1-9 years | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
3a60d418-1566-4639-9396-6ed299ce6150 | Slowest conduction is seen in the following pa of the cardiac conducting system: | SA node | Purkinje fibres | AV node | Bundle of his | 2c | single | Depolarization initiated in the SA node spreads radially through the atria, then converges on the AV node. Atrial depolarization is complete in about 0.1 s. Because conduction in the AV node is slow, a delay of about 0.1 s (AV nodal delay) occurs before excitation spreads to the ventricles. This delay is shoened by sti... | Physiology | null |
01328973-22a3-4999-a2db-82cff745108b | What is the best stimulus for release of vasopressin | Hypotonicity of extracellular fluid | Hypeension | Hypotension | Hypo-osmolality of extracellular fluid | 2c | single | Best / most impoant stimulus for ADH - Hypeonicity Next - hypotension Water deficit | |extracellular osmolarity |Osmoreceptors | ADH secretion (posterior pituitary) | |Plasma ADH | H2O permeability in |distal tubules. Collecting ducts | |H2O reabsorption | |H2O excreted 1. | Osmolality / tonicity 2. Aerial baroreceptor... | Physiology | FMGE 2018 |
1b1eac13-64ae-46b3-a2bd-c43e641f8355 | Despite its "age," penicillin G remains the drug of choice in the treatment of infections caused by | B. fragilis | T. pallidum | H. influenzae | E. coli | 1b | multi | Indications for the use of penicillin G are currently limited for a number of reasons. The drug has a narrow spectrum, is susceptible to beta-lactamases, and may cause hypersensitivity, and alternative antibiotics are available. However, penicillin G remains the drug of choice in syphilis, usually given IM as benzathin... | Pharmacology | Anti Microbial |
135abdc5-56ba-4a87-8d7e-7eb11e115fb0 | Components separation technique in hernia helps by: | Lesser infection | Decrease suture line tension | Lower recurrence | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ramirez first described the components separation technique. Components separation entails the creation of large subcutaneous flaps lateral to the fascial defect followed by incision of the external oblique muscles and, if necessary, incision of the posterior rectus sheath bilaterally. Fascial releases allow for primar... | Surgery | null |
6a7041bd-e26b-41f9-a6ee-0b25ce5fb5d9 | Volatile agent which causes most renal toxicity is | Ether | Isoflurane | Methoxyflurane | Sevoflurane | 2c | single | Methoxyflurane is most metabolized and produces more than 80 micromol/litre of flouride in blood. The amount of fluoride ions produced: Methoxyflurane: 50uM Sevoflurane: 20-30 uM Enflurane: 20uM Isoflurane and desflurane: 5uM | Anaesthesia | Inhalational Anesthetic Agents |
c6f70e40-6b28-459b-8b45-24344493fb98 | Bacteria with tuft of flagellae at one end are called - | Monotrichate | Peritrichate | Bipolar | Lophotrichate | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lophotrichate Two projections from the cells are impoant in relation to bacteria? i) Flagella ii) Fimbriae Flagella Flagella are the organs of locomotion. All motile bacteria except for spirochetes possess flagella. Flagella are made up of protein antigen flagellin Though flagella of different genera ... | Microbiology | null |
5407a05c-1275-4745-be90-89f96e7e92f9 | Positive ECG sign(s) of ischemia in Tread mill test is/ are- | Upsloping depression of the ST segment mV below baseline | Downsloping depression of the ST segment >0.1 mV below baseline | Junctional ST-segment | Tachycardia | 1b | single | Answer- B. Downsloping depression of the ST segment >0.1 mV below baselineThc ischemia ST:-segment respone generally is defined as flat or downsloping depression of the ST segmant >O.1 mVbelow baseline (i.e., tha PR segnent) and lasting longer than O.08s.Upsloping or junctional ST-segment changes are not considered cha... | Medicine | null |
87ea4c1a-c47d-4b6f-8e0e-41bcb354c9b7 | The splenic aery usually follows a touous course along which of the following structure? | Left kidney | Greater curvature of the stomach | Pancreas | Transverse colon | 2c | multi | The splenic aery, the largest branch of the celiac trunk, follows a touous course posterior to the omental bursa, anterior to the left kidney, and along the superior border of the pancreas. | Microbiology | All India exam |
cc1228bc-3756-4b32-b8ce-2e41466a01d0 | Cetuxirnab (an EGFR antagonist) can be used in | Palliation in head and neck cancer | Anal canal ca | Gastric ca | Lung ca | 0a | multi | Palliation in head Neck cancer Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody that acts against EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor). EGFR is a signalling protein that normally controls cell division. In some cancers this is altered to cause uncontrolled cell division. Cetuximab attaches itself to EGFR and prevents the receptor... | Pharmacology | null |
5aff9ea9-1452-48f7-84af-dd06c3a3379f | Spanish windlass is an example of which of the following methods of crime? | Bansdola | Garrotting | Throttling | Mugging | 1b | single | In garrotting, a ligature is thrown over the neck of the victim and is quickly tightened by twisting it with a lever. In Spanish windlass, an iron collar is tightened by a screw. Ref: Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology by Narayan Reddy, 21st Edition, Page 300. | Forensic Medicine | null |
30cbe4e9-187f-4e6f-80b5-f12e5b320b9c | Investigation of choice for cryptococcosis is - | Culture | India ink | PCR | Acid faststain | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., India ink o C. neoformans is best demonstrated in CSF by direct microscopy. The capsule is seen as a clear halo around the yeast cells in unstained wet preparations of CSF mixed with a drop of India ink or nigrosine. Methenamine silver stain would be the best choice for a tissue sample.CRYPTOCOCCUS NE... | Microbiology | Mycology |
7ea04e79-9176-47b2-8a89-bdc039e578a7 | Cause of nail bed infarctions a) H.D b) Wegener's granulomatosis c) Infective endocardities d) Surge strauss syndrome e) PAN | abc | bc | bd | cd | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
0aa3ef76-b47b-4753-b159-0c255bdeb774 | Demand of fetus for iron is evident after_____ weeks | 10 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 2c | single | Ans. c (25 weeks) (Ref. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 17th/pg. 545)IRON REQUIREMENT IN PREGNANCY# Mineral supplementation is not needed in healthy women.- The exception is iron.# The iron requirements of pregnancy are total about 1 gram.# Demand of fetus for iron is evident in last 12 weeks of pregnancy. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
5b4e1d67-7453-4e1e-a99c-c1d36bcae0ad | All are true about the features of erythromelalgia , EXCEPT: | Unknown aetiology | Thrombocytosis is seen | Digital infarction is seen | Treatment is steroids | 3d | multi | Erythromelalgia Syndrome of unknown etiology It is associated with thrombocytosis Manifested by erythema, warmth, and pain of the affected appendage and occasionally digital infarction. It usually respond to salicylates. Ref: Harrison, E-18,P-903 | Medicine | null |
c0924c0d-30c1-4625-a2ce-fe939c358b92 | Organism most frequently associated with urinary
tract infections is | Neisseria gonorrhea | Escherichia coli | T-strain mycoplasma | Streptococcus fecalis | 1b | single | null | Microbiology | null |
88e2cf55-87a1-4d8f-ad51-97f3be6759e3 | The most impoant constituent in soda lime for reabsorption of CO2 in a closed circuit | Sodium hydroxide | Barium hydroxide | Calcium hydroxide | Potassium hydroxide | 2c | single | Sodalime is most common Co2 absorbant . Indicators added to sodalime changes the color of sodalime . It contains 94% Ca(OH)2 , 5%NaOH,1% KOH. | Anaesthesia | Anaesthetic equipments |
fea270ba-28a5-44c4-99b3-fa3d7cc4a144 | Osteomalacia is adverse effect of : | Primidone | Phenytoin | Carbamazepine | Valproic acid | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
c9bb1ece-91ab-4ab8-82f7-a7c2e518001c | Disease transmitted from men to animals: | Antropozoonoses | Zooanthroponoses | Amphixenoses | Aptozoonoses | 1b | single | Ans. b. Zooanthroponoses | Microbiology | null |
20412a44-ea6d-42a8-820e-5d5c121f40f2 | X–ray film should be taken in closed pneumothorax during- | Deep expiration | Deep inspiration | In supine position | In lateral position | 0a | single | Usual chest X-ray is PA view in full inspiration. For pneumothorax PA view in full expiration is the most appropriate view. | Radiology | null |
89a53b03-bd40-46f7-ba75-2c2296e31401 | Lifespan of RBCs in premature neonate | 120 days | 60 days | 90 days | 40 days | 3d | single | Adults - 120 days.
Term infant - 60 - 90 days.
Premature neonate - 35 - 50 days. | Medicine | null |
a6f8902b-e77f-4277-a26c-acb65c83017f | Which of the following is a Type 2 Hypersensitivity reaction? | Chronic Kidney Rejection episode | Autoimmune Hemolytic anaemia | Arthus reaction | Mitsuda reaction | 1b | single | Ref: Robbins E-Book, P 135* Choice A is type of type 4 Hypersensitivity reaction.* Choice C is type of type 3 Hypersensitivity reaction.* Choice D is type of type 4 Hypersensitivity reaction.Examples of type ii hypersensitivityDiseaseTarget antigenMechanism of diseaseClinicopathologic ManifestationsAutoimmune hemolytic... | Pathology | Immunity |
a23d7d80-e307-4d8f-9e49-397fae50eea0 | Purple toe syndrome is associated with which of the following drugs? | Warfarin | Phenytoin | Theophylline | Thalidomide | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
e182eb98-38b5-431c-8976-4077b3624c4a | The gene that predisposes to retinoblastoma is located at - | Chromosome 13q14 | Chromosome 15q11 | Chromosome 11p13 | Chromosome 22q11 | 0a | single | Robbins basic pathology 6th edition. Chapter Neoplasia. page no. 287. The mutations required to produce retinoblastoma involve Rb gene located on chromosome 13q14. | Pathology | General pathology |
9d3228ec-0f95-43f6-b1f8-c4238379998c | A 23-year-old female presented with jaundice and pallor for 2 months. Her peripheral blood smear shows the presence of spherocytes. The most relevant investigation to arrive at a diagnosis is; | Reticulocyte count | Osmotic fragility test | Coombs test | Tests fro PNH | 2c | multi | Ans. c. Coombs test (Ref: Robbins 9/e p643-644; Chandrasoma and Taylor 3/e p401)History of jaundice in a 23-year old female with pallor and spherocytes in peripheral blood points towards the diagnosis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). The diagnostic test for AIHA is the antiglobulin test (Coombs' test).Autoimmune ... | Pathology | Blood |
a54478c8-ee11-4f3e-a20a-161888207f43 | A 57 year old male suffering from acute pancreatitis develops sudden onset breathlessness with a CVP< 18mmHg. The chest xray shows bilateral infiltrates. The possible diagnosis is | ARDS | Myocardial infarction | Congestive left hea failure | Pulmonary embolism | 0a | single | Answer- A. ARDSARDS CriteriaAcute, meaning onset over 1 week or less.Bilateral opacities consistent with pulmonary edema must be present and may be detected on CT or chest radiograph.PF ratio < 300 mmHg with a minimum of 5 cmH20 PEEP (or CPAP).CVP < l8 mmHg. | Surgery | null |
ad36da7d-aca8-40eb-a434-8fe472ba2f13 | Partner treatment is not required in all of the following except | Bacterial vaginosis | Herpes genitalis | Candidal vaginitis | Trichomoniasis | 3d | multi | Trichomoniasis is acquired by sexual route by tranmission of T.vaginalis and hence partner treatment is required. | Dental | null |
89a1c078-8c62-4dca-8526-dce1ebed23a3 | A 10-degree decrease in temperature causes decreases in cerebral metabolic rate by : | 10% | 30% | 50% | 70% | 3d | single | D i.e. 70%With each degree fall in temperature, the metabolic rate is reduced by 70%.So by reducing temperature by 10-degree celsius, the metabolic rate is reduced by 70%.Cerebra coex is protected for 10 mins at 30-degree celsius and for 1 hr at 15-degree celsius. | Physiology | null |
5590d6d1-767a-4449-bb3e-2fe0bff15fb8 | For diagnosis of Acute Rheumatic fever, essential is: | Prior h/o rheumatic fever | Recent sore throat infection | 1 major and 2 minor criteria's | Erythema marginatum | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
35fa273b-6dca-4b4a-88af-8a4622ec26a5 | The polysaccharide capsule of following bacteria has in role in their infectivity except | Haemophilus influenza | Neisseria meningitides | Streptococcus pneumoniae | Bordetella peussis | 3d | multi | The polysaccharide capsule of Bordetella peusis has no significant role in its infectivity. Bordetella fresh cultures demonstrated capsules but its virulence is mainly toxin-mediated. | Microbiology | All India exam |
473dafee-ca66-48b1-8a4a-6ea59e08be7c | Therapeutic aboion was accepted by - | Declaration of Geneva (1948 | Declaration of Oslo (1970) | Declaration of Helsinki | Declaration of Tokyo | 1b | single | Therapeutic aboion In 1970 the World Medical Association drew up a Statement on Therapeutic Aboion. This code, known as the Declaration of Oslo, was amended by the 35th World Medical Assembly, Venice, Italy in October 1983 and states: The first moral principle imposed upon the physician is respect of human life from it... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Non communicable diseases |
dfa488d6-0f6f-46dd-ac1e-048a97334493 | IPC 94 related to | Consent in emergency situations | Criminal responsibility of an act done by a person < 7 years | Criminal responsibility of an act done by an intoxicated person | Criminal responsibility of an act Compelled by threats | 3d | single | Section 94:- Act to which a person is compelled by threats Except murder, and other offences punishable with death, nothing is an offence which is done by a person who is compelled to do it by threats of instant death Explanations A perso seized by a gang of dacoits, and forced, by threat of instant death, to do a thin... | Forensic Medicine | Legal sections |
3a26dc74-9921-485d-9e6f-d5ea8f7aa738 | Spinal shock is characterized by all of the following, Except : | Spastic paralysis | Flaccid paralysis | Urinary Bladder involvement | Areflexia | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Spastic paralysis): Spinal Shock is associated with Flaccid paralysis and not Spastic paralysis Spinal shock Flaccid Paralysis (complete motor paralysis) Areflexia Sensory loss (anesthesia to all modalities) Bladder Involvement (usually areflexic bladder with urinary retention) | Medicine | null |
eb230ba8-ba43-4916-b056-d74c1711f7e0 | Unequal division of the conus cordis resulting from anterior displacement of the conotruncal septum gives rise to | Persistent truncus aeriosus | Coarctation of aoa | Tetralogy of Fallot | Transposition of great vessels | 2c | multi | C. i.e. Tetralogy of Fallot | Anatomy | null |
9bc9e2d0-4924-451a-b2fd-faff1ef68f03 | Most common postprandial motility is seen in | Ascending colon | Transverse colons | Descending colon | Sigmoid colon | 3d | single | It&;s sigmoid colon Tonic and phasic colonic motility and compliance of the transverse and sigmoid colon were therefore assessed using a combined barostat-manometry assembly in 22 healthy subjects. Measured colonic compliance was corrected by subtraction of the compliance of the closed barostat system. The mean (SEM) p... | Physiology | G.I.T |
7f8aa840-849e-4bfd-8807-47b6fcf488ad | Which is not a tumor suppressor gene? | WT-1 | Rb | p53 | RAS | 3d | single | D i.e. RASGenes that promote autonomous cell growth in cancer cells are called oncogenes and their normal cellular counterpasQ are called proto-oncogenesQ. RAS is an oncogeneQ.Growth factorGrowth factor receptorsProteins involved in signaltransductionNuclear regulatory proteinsProtooncogeneEncodeProtooncogeneEncodeProt... | Biochemistry | null |
f99a5c3e-4767-466f-b8c4-f77020447b3f | Which of the following is not a clinical presentation of Peripheral arterial occlusion | Pain | Pallor | Anesthesia | None of the above | 3d | multi | null | Surgery | null |
f2d81ade-8b2f-4ff9-af06-46c94641584d | Frequent periodontal abscesses appear to be an important periodontal feature in | Nutrition deficiency | Diabetes Mellitus | Hormonal imbalance | Cardiovascular diseases | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
f816ac0b-8370-4b75-8232-904b019fa44c | The following are related to corpous luteum except | Luteinised granulosa cells produce progesterone | Estrogen continues to be produced by the luteinised granulosa cells | Luteolysis is due to estrogen, PGF2a and endothelin | The peak steriod production is between 23 and 25th day | 3d | multi | The estrogen attains a lower level and maintains a plateau curve as against a peak rise in follicular phase. Progesterone attains its highest peak about 8 days(22nd day of menstual cycle) after the LH peak Regression of corpus luteum is attrubuted to fall in LH level and rise in the level of estrogen and PGF2alpha. Ref... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Reproductive physiology and hormones in females |
5533e6fb-1470-41cf-8572-904130275cd7 | Best Diagnosis for Ectopic gastric mucosa of meckels diveiculum - | Fluoroscopy | Occult blood test in stool | Ultrasound abdomen | Radionuclide scan | 3d | single | Ans is 'd' ie. Radionuclide scan "If a Meckels diveiculum is suspected because of repeated gastrointestinal haemorrhage the abdomen can be scanned after the injection of 99Tc-labelled peechnetate intravenously. This may localise heterotopic gastric mucosa revealing the site of a meckels diveiculum in 90% of cases." - B... | Surgery | null |
a377e348-913f-4403-a8ec-9a2c3443e637 | Autoimmune hepatitis asso with -a) Anti LKM antibodyb) ANAc) ANCAd) SLA-antibody | acd | abd | abc | ab | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
1067bf18-3c69-4a60-a837-db0fcb5b2071 | A 40-yr-old female who is known as the case of ischemic heart disease (IHD) is diagnosed with having hypothyroidism. Which of the following would be the most appropriate line of management for her - | Start levothyroxine at low dose | Do not start levothyroxine | Use levothyroxine | Thyroid extract is a better option | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
fd576a7d-fdbe-44ca-8779-ee4a9ca2553a | A 2-year-old male is admitted to the hospital with testicular pain. Physical examination reveals an enlarged scrotum. An otoscope is placed beneath the lateral side of the scrotum and the testis is transilluminated through the scrotal sac. Which of the following best describes the signs observed in this patient? | Varicocele | Rectocele | Cystocele | Hydrocele | 3d | single | (d) Source: GAS 448-451; GA 224-225 As seen in the photograph, the swollen scrotum contains mostly a clear fluid. Since hydrocele is the accumulation of fluid between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis, this condition best accounts for the findings in this patient. | Anatomy | Abdomen & Pelvis |
696561c7-ce6e-4f8c-beb9-760e99c3681a | The most life threatening complications of septic abortion includes: | Peritonitis | Renal failure | Respiratory distress syndrome | Septicemia | 2c | single | Ans. is c, i.e. Respiratory distress syndromeRef. Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 164, 165; COGDT 10/e, p 987According to COGDT 10/e, p 987"The most common cause of death in patients with this condition is respiratory insufficiency secondary to ARDS."According to Williams Obs. 23/e, p 222"With severe sepsis syndrome, acute respirato... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Abortion |
c0398e2b-0e67-4c66-8e03-afb3b334bd42 | Plateau phase of cardiac cycle is due to - | Na+ | K+ | Ca2+ | Cl- | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ca2+ o Phase 0 (phase of rapid depolarization)- opening of fast sodium channels with Na4 influxo Phase 1 (initial phase of rapid repolarization)- closure of fast sodium channelso Phase 2 (plateu phase)- opening of voltage gated slow Ca++ channels with calcium influx.o Phase 3 (final repolarization)- o... | Physiology | Heart, Circulation, and Blood |
4e9b225e-10b5-4e79-ab02-1a36b34beac8 | Stimulant drug is given to child for ? | Conduct disorder | Speech developmental disorder | Pervasive disorder | ADHD | 3d | single | Ans.D. ADHDStimulants (like methylphenidate, dextramphetamine) are the drugs of choice for ADHD. | Psychiatry | null |
7663252d-ad65-4d44-affd-b9be4d680bf1 | CNS tumor seen in Von Hippel Lindau syndrome is- | Meningioma | Cerebellar hemangioblastoma | CNS lymphoma | Glioma | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
48694268-4535-4380-aa45-bd6498912b4f | The food item associated with B.cereus emetic food-type poisoning is: | Meat | Milk products | Canned food | Fried rice | 3d | single | Option 1, 4 Food items associated: Diarrheal type - Meat, vegetables, dried beans, cereals. Emetic type - Rice (Chinese fried rice). 1. Bacillus cereus food poisoning is of two types. Emetic type and Diarrheal type abdominal cramps are common features in both. Other features are: a) Emetic Type: History of intake of fr... | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli) |
9372a25a-2965-4613-986b-a968cace35ac | A child was operated for small intestine mass with intussusception and after the operation the tumor was diagnosed in histological section. Which is the most likely tumor associated? | Carcinoid | Villous adnoma | Lymphoma | Smooth muscle tumor | 2c | multi | SMALL-BOWEL NEOPLASM - MC tumor of small bowel: Leiomyoma > Adenoma - MC tumor of small bowel in children : Lymphoma - MC malignant tumor of small bowel : Adenocarcinoma >Carcinoid - MC site of small bowel malignancy, carcinoids, lymphoma: Ileum | Surgery | Intestinal obstruction |
3bd79e14-0e15-4667-98b2-478c830f28d9 | For elimination of measles, vaccine Coverage should be (in successive brith cohart) - | >70% | > 80% | >90% | > 95% | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., > 95% o WHO's measles elimination strategy comprises a three part vaccination strategy, i.e.:-i) Catch-up - One-time, nationwide vaccination campaign targeting usually all children aged 9 months to 14 years regardless of history of measles disease or vaccination status.ii) Keep-up - Routine services a... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Measles |
dc02803f-537e-49b3-8666-3dd6b043eef5 | In LVH, SV1 +RV6 is more than mm | 25 | 30 | 35 | 45 | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 35 Arrhythmias by Kathryn Lewis p. 219] o In LVH, SV-1 plus RV-6 is more than 15 mm. To diagnose the left ventricular hyperophy on ECG one of the following criteria should be met :? The sokolow-lyon criteria is most often used - R in V, or V6 + 5 in V > 35 mm in men The cornell-criteria has different ... | Medicine | null |
d900b9c4-f6e0-47e3-96c4-ed4f81f41c73 | Serum marker of rickets is - | Acid phosphates | Alkaline phoshpatase | Decreased serum calcium | Urinary posphates | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Alkaline phosphataseo Amongst the given options, alkaline phosphatase is best because it is raised in all type of rickets.o The primary (Basic) investigations in a child of rickets are :?Serum calciumSerum phosphorusAlkaline phosphataseo If patient does not respond to calcium and Vit D therapy, second... | Pathology | null |
d7e13a00-95ac-4322-b18e-1c3056c7ba24 | The adjuvant used in IL PT vaccine is - | Al | Mg | Zn | Formaldehyde | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
241dafe0-8b30-437b-9869-97f33228ea8e | Which of the following is seen in Schwannoma? | Storiform pattern | Spindle cells | Antoni A and Antoni B pattern | Target cells | 2c | single | Ans. c. Antoni A and Antoni B pattern (Ref: Robbins 9/e p257. 854, 8/e p1340)Antoni A and Antoni B pattern is seen in schwannoma.'Schwannoma: In the Antoni AQ pattern of growth, elongated cells with cytoplasmic processes are arranged in fascicles in areas of moderate to high cellularity and scant stromal matrix; the 'n... | Pathology | Tumors |
352d05ff-814f-4d68-9b59-9b541cce1b7b | RDA in infant of Vit A is - | 350 g | 450 g | 600 g | 1000 g | 0a | single | - daily intake of vitamin A recommended by ICMR for infants is 350 mcg retinol. - daily intake of vitamin A recommended by ICMR for infants is 2800 mcg beta carotene. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:616 <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
5506accf-c8a2-4e5a-98cf-e116ebe61dcd | Synthetic Orygen carrier is made up of_ | Iron | Bronze | Molybdenum | Flurine | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., FlurineBlood doping is a form of fraudulent increase in the oxygen carrying capacity of a person, widely used to improve the aerobic capacity of athletes. | Biochemistry | null |
9ba25c78-f8ed-4b84-9242-05b898981830 | Which of the following is not true for hemophilia A | Hemophilia A is due to deficiency of factor VIII | In hemophilia A females are carriers | Desmopressin is useful in the management of hemophilia A | Levels of factor VIII Less than 50% are associated with spontaneous hemorrhage | 3d | multi | null | Pathology | null |
62c97ef5-fce0-43eb-9c11-0123afae3256 | At usual therapeutic doses (blood levels), expected effects of aspirin include which of the following? | Efficacy greater than acetaminophen as an anti-inflammatory agent | Efficacy less than acetaminophen for relieving simple headache pain | Inhibited growth, or killing, of bacteria that cause fever as a symptom of infection | Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis, protection against bronchopasm in asthmatics | 0a | single | Aspirin inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins that are impoant in the pathophysiology, signs, and symptoms of a host of inflammatory or ahritic states. It does so, of course, by inhibiting both COX-I and -2. Acetaminophen lacks this propey, and so acetaminophen is much less efficacious for managing inflammation. Aspirin... | Pharmacology | Autacoids |
a842bf1e-946a-43fd-ab71-fdfd1afdb41d | The most impoant stimulus controlling the level of resting ventilation is: | PO2 on peripheral chemoreceptors | PCO2 on peripheral chemoreceptors | pH on peripheral chemoreceptors | pH of CSF on central chemoreceptors | 3d | single | The most impoant stimulus comes from the pH of the CSF on the central chemoreceptors. The other choices are incorrect: The effect of PO2 on the peripheral chemoreceptors under normoxic conditions is very small. Changes in PCO2 do affect the peripheral chemoreceptors, but the magnitude is less than that for the central ... | Physiology | Respiratory System Pa 2 |
f6d46f53-4a75-4a02-9d6c-b48e4e72fb2e | Intraocular calcification in eye in child - | Toxocara | Retinoblastoma | Angiomatosis retinae | Malignant melanoma of choroid | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Retinoblastoma o In retinoblastoma, there are areas of necrosis and calcification.o In the presence of calcification, endophytic retinoblastoma gives the typical 'cottage cheese' appearance. | Ophthalmology | Intra Ocular Tumour |
c12b88a5-f54a-4383-b9ff-e4a1938b4b7d | Treatment of carcinoma cervix stage MB include | Concurrent chemoradiation | Surgery | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy | Only radiotherapy | 0a | single | Ans. a. Concurrent chemoradiation | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
073a461d-1098-4622-8e49-c3e9a4b29b51 | Predominant class of immunoglobulin during primary immune response is - | IgA | IgE | IgM | IgG | 2c | single | IgM antibodies appear early in the course of an infection and usually reappear, to a lesser extent, after fuher exposure. Ref: Ananthanarayan & Parkers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg:98 | Microbiology | Immunology |
a74e8e10-d3b0-4404-9fc4-11e1beaec6c6 | All are true of actue rheumatic fever except ? | Aschoff nodule in mycoacardium | Focal myocardial fiber necrosis | Microthrombi in aeriole | Lymphocytic myocarditis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Microthrombi in aeriole | Pathology | null |
b22afb18-16bf-4f1b-8dd2-a3d0afe8d4f0 | Man with gynaecomatsia and infeility, cause? | Cimetidine | Omeprazole | Erythromycin | Digitalis | 0a | single | Cimetidine (but not other H2 blockers) has antiandrogenic action. It displaces dihydrotestosterone from its cytoplasmic receptor. It also increases plasma prolactin and inhibits degradation of estradiol by liver. High doses given for long periods have produced gynaecomastia, loss of libido, impotence and temporary decr... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
94027983-e50e-4229-a8f9-76658b3f4def | Wrong about dhatura seeds is ? | Kidney shaped | Odourless | Yellow brown | Convex smooth surface | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e.,Convex smooth surface Features of Dhatura sees are :-Large & thickOdourlersKidney - shapedLaterally compressed and double edged at convex border (not smooth)Yellowisk brown Bitter | Forensic Medicine | null |
33ed8a81-8b1b-4ef6-985c-46bc1bebb7a4 | Predisposing factor for carcinoma vulva is all Except | Smoking | HPV | Fibroepithelial polyp | Leukoplakia | 2c | multi | The etiologic role of ceain viruses in carcinogenesis, paicularly high-risk HPV types 16 and 18, in these sites is well documented. Mention has already been made about the preceding stage of vulval epithelial disorders, paicularly squamous hyperplasia, in the development of these lesions. Ref: HARSH MOHAN TEXTBOOK OF P... | Pathology | miscellaneous |
1722860e-b0d8-4f82-920b-507974406e04 | Sharp pain is transmitted by which type of fibers | Aa | Ab | Ad | C | 2c | single | Sharp pain is transmitted by A delta nerve fibres Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number: 698,699,700 | Physiology | Nervous system |
c07c8c8e-293e-426f-b2c0-b6ef9df7ae33 | Virulence factors for meningococci ? | Capsule | Pili | Endotoxin | All | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Capsule; 'b' i.e., Pili & 'c' i.e., Endotoxin The capsular polysaccharide - It is a major virulence factors - It has antiphagocytic and antibactericidal propeies. - Based on capsular polysaccharide, meningococci have been divided into serogroups. Outer membrane proteins - Pili - Facilitate adhesions -... | Microbiology | null |
c13ead24-4208-4dec-9ad4-0df292a35b3b | Modes of death are all except - | Syncope | Coma | Asphyxia | Shock/molecular death | 3d | multi | Modes of death are coma, syncope and asphyxia whereas molecular death is a type of death. Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 27th edition pg.66,67 | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes |
4b9e910e-526c-48b4-8b7f-312451fe55d2 | Which is not an assisted reproduction technique: | GIFT | ZIFT | IVF and ET | Artificial insemination | 3d | single | Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is the technology used to achieve pregnancy in procedures such as fertility medication, in vitro fertilization and surrogacy.
It is reproductive technology used primarily for infertility treatments and is also known as a fertility treatment.
It mainly belongs to the field of repro... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
462b7a2d-f433-4ed6-a617-152431eed896 | Nausea, Vomiting, Blue line on gums, Wrist/ foot drops, Pallor, Colic are manifestations of poisoning due to | Mercury | Arsenic | Organic lead | Inorganic lead | 3d | multi | Ans. (d) Inorganic leadRef: K. Park 23rd ed. / 807-808* Insomnia is caused by organic lead poisoning.* Organic lead poisoning causes CNS side effects while Inorganic lead poisoning causes non-CNS side effects.Due to Organic Lead (CNS effects)Due to Inorganic Lead (Non-CNS effects)* Insomnia* Mental confusion* Headache*... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Occupational Health |
b459479a-e311-4b3c-8b05-b528565bd212 | Which of the following is MOST commonly affected in U.C | Cecum | Rectum | Sigmoid colon | Terminal leum | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rectum The most common site of involvement in Ulcerative colitis is the rectum. Ulcerative colitis (involvement is limited to the colon) Ulcerative colitis typically stas in the rectum and may progress with continuous lesions (no skip lesions) in a retrograde manner to involve the entire colon (Pancol... | Medicine | null |
fddf5da2-d15e-4958-b1ca-64ad77fbcf2d | The differential diagnosis of lesion, histologically resembling giant cell tumour in the small bones of the hands or feet, includes all of the following except: | Aneursymal bone cyst | Fibrosarcoma | Osteosarcoma | Hyperparathyroidism | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Fibrosarcoma Histological differential diagnosis of Giant cell tumorGiant cell reparative granuloma (a benign reactive condition)Brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism Non-ossifying fibroma Benign fibrous histiocytoma Aneurysmal bone cyst Osteosarcoma with prominent giant cells.Metastatic ca with giant cel... | Orthopaedics | Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) or Osteoclastoma |
707d2633-0524-40af-8fc7-59e7eed396cc | Antemoem Abrasions can be confused with? | Eczema | Ant bite marks | Chemical burn | Joule burn | 1b | single | Postmoem ant bites on dead bodies may produce marks which simulate antemoem abrasions. Ref: Forensic Pathology By J.M. Di Maio, 2nd Edition, Page 196; Modi's Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology; Principles of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology By Rajesh Bardale, Page 174; Forensic Medicine and Toxicology By ... | Forensic Medicine | null |
f339161b-3870-4f2b-bdd5-7d069376ca25 | Pyomyositis is caused by which of the following? | Streptococcus aureus | Streptococcus pneumonia | Salmonella typhi | E. coli | 0a | single | Pyomyositis is an acute bacterial infection of the skeletal muscle caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It may be primary or secondary to a penetrating injury or contiguous anatomic infection. It typically affects the major muscles of the lower extremity and the gluteal muscles. Patients usually presents with pain, tendern... | Microbiology | null |
bd1ae929-0fee-40e5-8db6-9977a1fbcbbf | Increased intracranial tension is seen with: | Ketamine | Thiopentone | Halothane | Propofol | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) KetamineREF: Morgans clinical anesthesia 3rd edition page 141"Remember always Ketamine increases not only intracranial pressure but all the pressures of the body, like blood pressure, intraocular pressure, and intragastric pressure"Agents that increase intracranial pressure (ICP) can be remembered as Mnemon... | Anaesthesia | Anesthesia for Neurosurgery |
36427da4-12bf-4cda-82db-726992f630d4 | Which of the following is the most common functioning pancreatic islet cell tumour ? | Gastrinoma | Glucagonoma | Insulinoma | Vipoma | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
682c0763-848a-460b-a7fe-2119fed6a78d | Prophylaxis with Cotrimoxazole is recommended in the following situation except – | All symptomatic HIV infected children > 5 years of age irrespective of CD4 | All HIV exposed infants till HIV infection can be ruled out | All HIV infected infants less than 1 year age irrespective of symptoms or CD4 counts | As secondary prophylaxis after initial treatment for pneumocystis carini pnetunonia | 0a | multi | A) Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV exposed infant is recommended for :-
All HIV exposed infants (started at 4-6 weeks of age and continued until HIV infection can be excluded).
HIV exposed breast feeding children of any age (Prophylaxis should be continued until HIV infection can be excluded at least six weeks after ... | Pediatrics | null |
0b6b272e-46a8-4625-8695-4d42260db2f8 | True regarding foetal trunk movements in third trimester NOT RELATED - GYN | Increases towards term | Decreases towards term | Remain unchanged | None of the above | 0a | multi | By term, the normal number of generalized movements is reduced as a result of cerebral maturation processes, rather than as a consequence of the decrease in the amniotic fluid volume. | Pharmacology | All India exam |
849c3592-fff8-4ea4-b9cf-05560922830c | MELD score includes A/E | Sr. creatinine | Transaminase | Albumin | Alkaline phosphatase | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sr. creatinine The Model for End-stage Liver Disese (MELD) is a prospectively developed and validated chronic liver disease severity scoring system that uses a patient's laboratory values for - Li Serum bilirubin Serum creatinine The international normalized ratio (INR) for prothrombin time to predict... | Medicine | null |
befcc088-1a09-4e7f-bab9-fc1856e9c8b7 | Visual Hallucinations are commonly seen in : | Alzheimer's disease | Lewy body dementia | Frontotemporal dementia | Vascular dementia | 2c | multi | Frontotemporal dementia is Characterized by Visual Hallucinations. | Psychiatry | null |
30cff1c1-c249-4790-a5fa-c2e686464a6f | All of the following drugs are useful in detrusor instability except: | Solefenacin | Tolterodine | Flavoxate | Duloxetine | 3d | multi | Ans. (D) Duloxetine(Ref: Principles of Pharmacology, 1/e p157, 159; KDT 8th/e p124)Anticholinergic drugs decrease the motility of urinary tract and thus may result in urinary retention (therefore contra-indicated in BHP).Dicyclomine, flavoxate and oxybutynin are useful for the treatment of urinary incontinence due to d... | Pharmacology | A.N.S. |
70ca4793-b90a-4ef7-b607-5242d7684e81 | Fatal level of ethanol in blood: NIMHAS 13 | 100-200 mg/dl | 200-300 mg/dl | 300-400 mg/dl | > 500 mg/dl | 2c | single | Ans. 300-400 mg/dl | Medicine | null |
86ac9994-66cd-4784-9a63-a0ec5d7eb076 | Tylectomy literally means- | Excision of a lump | Excision of LN | Excision of breast | Excision of skin | 0a | multi | Lumpectomy (Tylectomy): Surgical procedure designed to remove a discrete lump. | Surgery | null |
d14c9af0-9def-4626-9371-3ec446e3371a | A 24-year old man falls on the ground when he is struck in the right temple by a baseball. While being driven to the hospital, he lapses into coma. He is unresponsive with the dilated right pupil when he reaches the emergency department. The most important step in initial management is : | Craniotomy | CT scan of the head | X-ray of the skull and cervical spine | Doppler ultrasound examination of the neck | 0a | multi | Coma with a dilated pupil after a lucid interval following a head injury must be assumed to represent an epidural hematoma.
Emergency evacuation of the clot without time-consuming studies is vital to restore cerebral function. CT scan is done with a patient in less critical condition. | Surgery | null |
e08d6e54-9845-45a8-8b24-0717e6040d8e | Burkitt's Lymphoma is associated with which of the following viruses | EBV | HTLV-1 | HHV- 8 | Adenovirus | 0a | single | Answer is A (t(8:14)) 'Demonstration of very high proliferative fraction and the presence of the t (8; 14) or one of its variants t (2; 8) or t(8:22) can be confirmatory of Burkitt's lymphoma /leukemia' | Medicine | null |
89457faa-bd2c-444f-9569-b0f0e695bde9 | Small fiber neuropathy is seen in? | HIV | Vitamin B12 deficiency | AIP | Cisplatin toxicity | 0a | multi | Small unmyelinated peripheral nerve fibers, Categorized as C fibers, In skin and organs. Innervate the skin (somatic fibers) , Help to control autonomic function. Causes of Small Fiber Neuropathy: 1. Diabetes mellitus 2. Leprosy 3. Amyloidosis 4. Tangier's disease 5. Sjogren syndrome 6. HIV 7. Sarcoidosis | Medicine | Channelopathies and Neuropathies |
ae559395-24dd-46ba-94ab-78dea599ab9c | All of the following are contents of Posterior Mediastinum except | Ascending Aoa | Hemiazygous vein | Thoracic duct | Oesophagus | 0a | multi | Ascending Aoa is present in middle mediastinum.Contents of posterior mediastinum are1) Oesophagus 2) Aeries: Descending thoracic aoa and its branches.3) Veins: (i) Azygos vein, (ii) Hemiazygos vein, and (iii) Accessory hemiazygos vein.4) Nerves: (i) Vagus, (ii) Splanchnic nerves5) Lymph nodes and lymphatics (i) Posteri... | Anatomy | Thorax |
b89cf064-d3fd-4822-9bef-c6ad7a97ef68 | Transfer of DNA from one bacterium to other by a bacteriophage is known as | Formation | Conjugation | Transduction | Transcription | 2c | single | Ans. c (Transduction). (Ref. Textbook of Microbiology by Anantanarayan, 6th/53)TRANSMISSION OF GENETIC MATERIAL IN BACTERIA IS BY:# Transformation:- Transfer of genetic information through agency of free DNA.# Transduction:- Transfer of a portion of DNA from one bacteria to another by transduction phase.- It is not con... | Microbiology | General |
71fba271-3625-49f5-bfe6-f2215b3012eb | Pericardial effusion is best diagnosed by: September 2009 | Chest X-ray | Echocardiography | ECG | Angiography | 1b | single | Ans. B: Echocardiography Echocardiography is the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis of pericardial effusion. Most impoantly, the contribution of pericardial effusion to overall cardiac enlargement and the relative roles of tamponade and myocardial dysfunction to altered hemodynamics can be evaluated with echo... | Medicine | null |
fdb40ab1-e0c0-405d-a8f3-73f52b787f19 | Which of the following opens directly into right atrium? | Anterior cardiac vein | Oblique vein | Middle cardiac vein | Great cardiac vein | 0a | single | Following opens into right atrium
- Superior vena cava
- Inferior vena cava
- Coronary sinus
- Venae cordis minimae
- Anterior cardiac vein
- Right marginal vein | Anatomy | null |
00c34add-87f1-499b-9d06-67d606f2d8c7 | Which of the following is caused by congenital A-17 hydroxylase deficiency: | hypercalemia | Hyperkalemia | Hermaphroditism | Hypeension | 3d | single | 17 -hydroxylase (17 -OH) deficiency syndrome is a rare genetic disorder of steroid biosynthesis causing decreased production of glucocoicoids and sex steroids and increased synthesis of mineralocoicoid precursors. Reduced or absent levels of both gonadal and adrenal sex hormones result in sexual infantilism in 46, XX f... | Pediatrics | All India exam |
4b1bbd47-a504-45a2-ab86-692b2ff9bdaf | Conductive hearing loss is seen in all of the following except: | Otosclerosis | Otitis media with effusion | Endolymphatic hydrops | Suppurative otitis media | 2c | multi | Endolymphatic hydrops i.e menieres disease leads to SNHL and not conductive hearing loss. | ENT | null |
564c25c2-e153-4b70-98e6-ea848af95093 | Main aerial supply of the tonsil is from : | Facial aery | Ascending pharyngeal aery | Palatine aery | Palatine aery | 0a | single | A i.e. Facial aery | Anatomy | null |
7156da08-6147-44f2-b89a-f44a6fbe9489 | Koenen's tumor associated with ? | Tuberous sclerosis | Neurofibromatosis | Psoriasis | Alopecia aerata | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tuberous sclerosis Koenen's periungual fibroma is seen in tuberous sclerosis | Skin | null |
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