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0dff9055-671f-458e-8eaa-4d92d0ba6577 | True about blood transfusion reaction -a) Complement mediated severe haemolysisb) Renal blood flow is decreasedc) Transfusion should not be stoppedd) Death is not seen | ac | ab | ad | bc | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
c0a15c33-0d57-467f-9c65-766a5fdc9317 | Raygat's test is based on: | Weight of lung | Specific gravity of lung | Consistency of lung | Volume of lungs | 1b | single | Hydrostatic test/ Raygat's test: Principle: Specific gravity of lung before respiration is 1.04-1.05 and it becomes 0.94-0.95 after respiration. This makes the respired lung to float. Procedure: Dissect out the fetal lungs & Put into a trough of water and observe. Liver is used as control Inference: If they sink--unres... | Forensic Medicine | Infant deaths & child abuse |
2c02e114-541a-4ec5-a4b5-3d14e042736b | What is a percentage of endothelial cell loss during Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty – | 0 – 5% | 10 – 20% | 30 – 40% | 50 – 60% | 2c | single | Endothelial cell loss is a known phenomenon of endothelial keratoplasty (including DSAEK).
I am not sure about the answer as various studies have given different values at a different time (post-operatively).
First read following statements which are supporting my answer:-
"Current modifications of EK such as DSAEK ha... | Ophthalmology | null |
35ec19f6-5e5d-4a7e-8c23-545321d97d56 | About scurvy, all are true EXCEPT: September 2012 | Subperiosteal hematomas with tenderness | Separation of epiphysis | Raised serum alkaline phosphatase | Gingival bleeding | 2c | multi | Ans. C i.e. Raised serum alkaline phosphataseScurvyBleeding into skin & joints,Wimberger sign,Pseudoparalysis etc. | Pediatrics | null |
062fef8a-aafa-46ed-9dc5-4a4ab8392943 | Nitric oxide is synthesized from which amino acid: | Arginine | Serine | Threonine | Lysine | 0a | single | NO is also called as Endothelium Derived Relaxing Factor (EDRF). NO (nitric oxide) is synthesized from arginine by enzyme NOS (Nitric oxide synthase) in the endothelial cells. It requires 5 cofactors:- NADPH FAD FMN Heme and Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). The vasodilator - nitroglycerin also enters smooth muscle cells, whe... | Biochemistry | Classification and metabolism of amino acids |
43af16ba-8587-45f1-a166-bc772e57066d | For spinal anesthesia, lignocaine is used as | 0.5 % solution | 1 % solution | 2 % solution | 5% solution | 3d | single | Lignocaine is used as 5% (heavy) for spinal anaesthesia. | Microbiology | All India exam |
13b2ef45-5d34-434f-b222-e917e1921288 | Post dislocation of hip leads to which attitude of the lower leg: | Adduction, external rotation and flexion | Adduction, internal rotation and flexion | Abduction, external rotation and flexion | Abduction, internal rotation and flexion | 1b | single | B i.e. Adduction , internal rotation and flexion | Surgery | null |
f61ec5c8-8e69-408a-ac50-00d4e5b666a0 | Regarding rheumatoid ahritis, all of the following statements are true except- | The cricoarytenoid joint may be involved | HLA-D4 and HLA-DR4 are positive in patients with seropositive rheumatoid ahritis | Subcutaneous nodules are more frequent in seronegative patients | Diffuse intestinal fibrosis and pneumonitis may occur | 2c | multi | Rheumatoid nodules occur almost exclusively in RF or ACPA positive patients, usually in extensor tendons . Theyare frequently asymptomatic but some may be complicated by ulceration and secondary infection . Ref Davidsons 23e p1023,1024 | Medicine | Immune system |
2c41fd2e-8f64-46b3-9bb8-a33ee60b4a85 | Difference between rantidine & cimetidine is - | Ranitidine is 5 times more potent than cimetidine | Cimetidine is 5 times more potent than ranitidine. | Ranitidine has androgenic action | Ranitidine more markedly inhibits hepatic metabolism | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ranitidine is 5 times more potent than cimetidine o Ranitidine has several desirable features compared to cimetidine:5 times more potent than cimetidine.No antiandrogenic action, does not increase prolactin secretion or spare estradiol from hepatic metabolism - no effect on male sexual function or gyn... | Pharmacology | G.I.T |
e560e0c6-fc39-47d8-b789-c953a61efb3e | In a slow sand filter, the element responsible for yielding bacteria-free water is the - | Valve | Vital layer | Supernatant water | Under-drainage system | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Vital layer | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
85331ecd-bbaa-4892-8c55-74cd64e10b90 | Name the intrauterine contraceptive device: | CuT 200 | Multiload 375 | CuT 380A | LNG-IUS | 1b | single | Above image is of Multiload-375 -- Device is available in a sterilized sealed packet with an applicator. There is no introducer and no plunger. It has 375 mm2 surface area of copper wire wound around its veical stem. Replacement is every 5 years. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraceptives |
37fe1e93-be97-41aa-837e-392ad0809b2d | A father forced his relictant son to bring a glass of water and the child dropped the glass on the way. This is an example of | Reaction formation | Denial | Passive aggression | Acting out | 2c | single | Passive aggression is an immature defense mechanism where a person indirectly expresses anger towards others. | Psychiatry | null |
d77edfcc-8984-42cc-97f2-682507eeb943 | NOT a feature of Horner's syndrome | Exophthalmos | Ptosis of upper eyelid | Miosis | Anhydrosis | 0a | single | (A) Exophthalmos # HORNER'S SYNDROME:> Enophthalmos, Ptosis, Miosis, & Ipsilateral loss of sweating (Anhydrosis)> Malignant pleural effusion often leads to dyspnea.> Pancoast's (or superior sulcus tumor) syndrome results from local extension of a tumor growing in the apex of the lung with involvement of the eighth cerv... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
e9e7b47c-c666-4daa-9f0d-7075b21ed848 | The most impoant sign of significance of renal aery stenosis on an angiogram is: | A percentage diameter stenosis >70% | Presence of collaterals | A systolic pressure gradient >20 mmHg across the lesion | Post stenotic dilatation of the renal aery | 1b | single | B i.e. Presence of collaterals | Radiology | null |
1debc3e3-2d02-4055-b2e1-a49d8ea312b5 | Which of the following lies lateral to sheath of femoral hernia? | Femoral aery | lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh | Femoral vein | Femoral nerve | 2c | single | Femoral vein lies lateral to sheath of femoral hernia.Femoral sheath - funnel shaped sleeve of fascia enclosing upper 3-4 cm of femoral vessels. The sheath is divided into three compaments by septa- Lateral compament - femoral aery and femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve Intermediate compament- femoral vein Medial co... | Anatomy | Lower limb 1 |
7132274a-faee-4d43-a48b-9c9e9568cc1e | The 5α reductase inhibitor that has been found to be effective both in benign prostatic hypertrophy and male pattern baldness is: | Flutamide | Finasteride | Prazosin | Minoxidil | 1b | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
ab70d7e7-dac3-4527-be68-8eaff74a6fd7 | Iron and folic acid supplement during pregnancy: | 500 mg iron +100 meg folic acid | 100 mg iron + 500 mcg folic acid | 100 mg iron +100 meg folic acid | 20 mg iron +100 meg folic acid | 1b | single | Ans. (b) 100mg iron + 500mcg folic acidRef: D.C. Dutta 8th ed. / 241* Adult iron+folic acid tablet given in pregnancy: 1 tab/ day x 100 days* Kids iron+folic acid tablet given: 1 tab/day x 100 days per year- 0 to 5 years of age.Iron and Folic acid tablet content IronFolic acidAdult tab100mg500mcgKids tab (l/5th)20mg100... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Diet in Pregnancy |
d0f14d2e-5dc1-4de3-915f-28c6e1e4060d | Carvallo's sign is seen in | Tricuspid stenosis | Mitral stenosis | Aoic stenosis | Aoic regurgitation | 0a | multi | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1548 A prominent RV pulsation along the left parasternal region and a blowing holosystolic murmur along the lower left sternal margin, which may be intensified during inspiration (Carvallo's sign) and reduced during expiration or the strain phase of the Valsalva maneuver, are characteristic fin... | Medicine | C.V.S |
67bcc5c3-13c7-4c58-8295-96148dbc9fdb | A newborn baby who was apparently healthy at bih develops aspiration pneumonia in the first two days of life. All attempts to feed the infant cause it to cough and choke. Which of the following abnormalities is the most likely cause of the infant's difficulties? | Bronchogenic cysts | Congenital pulmonary cysts | Posterior detion of the tracheoesophageal septum | Pulmonary immaturity | 2c | multi | The infant probably has esophageal atresia, which is typically caused by posterior detion of the tracheoesophageal septum. Attempts at feeding cause fluid to spill into the trachea, and secondarily cause aspiration pneumonia. Emergent surgical correction is usually required. Bronchogenic cysts are centrally located cys... | Pediatrics | null |
fa625f89-2e09-42f4-80e4-bfbeb951fd70 | Under the Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme, amount of monthly pension is: | Rs. 200 | Rs. 450 | Rs. 500 | Rs. 600 | 0a | single | Under the Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme, amount of monthly pension is Rs. 200 for BPL persons aged between 18 to 59 years with multiple disabilities. Ref: Health policies and programmes in India, D.K. Taneja 11th edition page: 393 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
77295292-d28a-43fd-a1f8-79d4ddadb539 | Epigenetic deals with genetic modifications that do not alter the sequence of DNA. All of the following can detect epigenetic modification except: | HPLC | Methylation specific PCR | Bisulphite method | ChIP on Chip | 0a | multi | Ans. a. HPLC (Ref: Robbins 9/e p180, 319-320 8/e p180-181)Methylation specific PCR, Bisulphite method and ChlP on Chip can detect epigenetic modification but not the HPLC.'Epigenetics is defined as the study of heritable chemical modification of DNA or chromatin that does not alter the DNA sequence itself Examples of s... | Biochemistry | Molecular Biology Techniques |
404aed9d-7bb7-4437-aa22-432f9fd368cf | Cutaneous sign of diabetes mellitus are all except | Necrobiosis lipoidica | Carotinosis | Shin spots (granuloma annulare) | Angiokeratomas | 3d | multi | Ans: d (Angiokeratomas)Ref: IADVL, 3rd ed. vol. 2 pg. 1369- 1371Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum is a manifestation of Fabry's disease. All others are dermatological manifestations of diabetes mellitus.Skin manifestations of diabetis mellitus: Diabetic dermopathy Pigmented pretibial papules Shin spots Necrobiosis lipoid... | Skin | Miscellaneous |
d8c67c14-63a4-4fb2-b360-b301b0e803ab | Recurrent aboion occurs in a woman, USG abdomen shows a non-echoic region in the central pa of the uterus. What is the probable diagnosis | Arcuate uterus | Septate uterus | Bicornuate uterus | Unicornuate uterus | 1b | single | Septate uterus is most common It causes about 25% of spontaneous first trimester aboions 6% second trimester aboions Ref: Shaw Gynecology 17 e pg 72. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Congenital malformations |
056c803e-5f6e-49c9-b17f-392735994496 | If somebody develops resistance to INH, patient will develop simultaneously resistance to which drug? | Streptomycin | Rifampicin | Ethambutol | Pyrazinamide | 1b | single | Ref: KD Tripathi, 7th ed. pg. 767* Rifampicin is considered as effective as isoniazid. This agent is active against slow and intermittently dividing bacterium (spurters).* If someone develops resistance to INH, they are most likely to develop resistance to rifampicin as well.* In MDR-TB, there is resistance to INH and ... | Pharmacology | Anti Microbial |
ac8446c1-742b-4dcd-ac1d-026bb92a2538 | Exotropia occurs due to | Third nerve palsy | Optic neuritis | Abducens injury | Papilloedema | 0a | single | Answer- A. Third nerve palsyCauses and associations ofexotropia (Divegent squint)Third nerve palsyCongenitalPrevious strabismus surgeryThyroidophthalmopathyIatrogenic trauma following retinal detachment surgery | Ophthalmology | null |
96621723-f722-4e8d-93a1-e62e0a39fed4 | Urethritis in males is not caused by: | H. ducreyi | Trichomonas | Chlamydia | Gonococcus | 0a | single | Hemophilus ducreyi causes soft sore/chancroid. Chocolate agar withIsoVitale Xis used for its culture. Infectious causes of urethritis- Neisseria gonorrhoeae Chlamydia trachomatis Trichomonas vaginalis Mycoplasma genitalium Herpes simplex virus Adenovirus | Microbiology | NEET Jan 2020 |
94eb2c5c-47e3-498b-b844-6d662014c143 | Snowstorm appearance of knee joint with multiple loose bodies is seen in? | chondromalacia patellae | Ewings sarcoma of knee joint | Fracture involving articular surface | Synovial chondromatosis | 3d | single | ANSWER: (D) Synovial chondromatosisREF: The Journal of bone and joint surgery: British volume: Volume 71, Pages 549-912, http:// www.springerlink.com/content/17m54n357304205m/Snowstorm knee:Seen in Synovial chondromatosisTraumatic etiologyJoint effusionNumerous brilliant white rice-grain size free bodies in arthroscopy... | Orthopaedics | Synovial Chondromatosis |
24c528bb-2715-43d4-aa2c-e723e13eefe1 | Treatment of metastatic disease in retinoblastoma is – | Chemotherapy | Enucleation | Radiotherapy | Cryo | 0a | single | Treatment of choice for metastasis is chemotherapy. | Ophthalmology | null |
52960709-acbb-403b-a468-8c74bfede83b | Absolute contraindication to ECT is: | Glaucoma | Brain tumor | Aoic aneurism | MI | 1b | single | There are no absolute contraindications for ECT. Earlier, raised intracranial tension and space occupying lesions were considered as absolute contraindications, hence the best answer here is brain tumor. | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
ca6ac6e2-e13f-438d-a28f-a89716bff6a0 | The various habits of the lips can be divided into following, except: | Lip sucking | Lip thrust | Lip insufficiency | None of the above | 3d | multi | The various habits of the lips can be divided into following:
Lip sucking
Lip thrust
Lip insufficiency | Dental | null |
fbb3deb9-d186-4fca-a2f6-c683691a77b6 | Xanthoproteic reaction is due to the formation of | Trinitrophenol | Mononitrophenol | Nitric acid | Pyrocathechol | 0a | single | Nitric acid is a powerful oxidising agent and reacts with organic matter to produce trinitrophenol, liberating nitrogen monoxide (xanthoproteic reaction). | Forensic Medicine | Toxicology - 1 |
336d6710-2c3b-464c-b745-316ef660b7d4 | What is the paial pressure for carbon-di-oxide in the expired air? | 0.3 mm Hg | 158 mm Hg | 40 mm Hg | 32 mm Hg | 3d | single | Paial pressure of CO2 in expired air (PE CO2) - 32 mm Hg Carbon-di-oxide: Paial pressure of CO2 in inspired air (Pi CO2) 0.3 mm Hg Paial pressure of CO2 in alveolar blood (PA CO2) 40 mm Hg Paial pressure of CO2 in expired air (PE CO2) 32 mm Hg. | Physiology | null |
fd3b4865-96ee-4346-b8f8-46f878075362 | Marker for malignant melanoma is- | Cytokeratin | MBN-45 | Alpha FP | S 100 | 3d | single | S 100 | Unknown | null |
b7a1e9ec-cfa6-451b-bb40-83af2b9e55c9 | A 62 year old male patient presented with signs and symptoms of stroke. MR angiography revealed thrombus in the posterior cerebral aery. All of the following structures may be affected by the lesion except | Choroid plexus of III ventricle | Midbrain | Pons | Lentiform nucleus | 2c | multi | The poserior cerebral aery (PCA) does not supply the pons The branches of the posterior cerebral aery are : Coical branches Occipital lobe- Visual coex Temporal lobe- medial and inferolateral surfaces Central branches Thalamus Subthalamus Lentiform nucleus Midbrain Pineal gland Superior and inferior colliculi Medial an... | Anatomy | Brain |
a111b250-b7aa-4349-b008-b44985b375df | Features of Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) include all of the following EXCEPT: | Fibrous ankylosis is pa of pathogenesis of AS | Bony ankylosis is pa of pathogenesis of AS | Roos test is used to test for Sacroilitis | Marginal syndesmophytes are seen on X-ray | 2c | multi | FEATURES of ankylosing spondilitis- enthesitis and this ultimately leads to joint ankylosis Both bony as well as fibrous ankylosis occurs in AS Marginal syndesmophytes are seen on X-ray Roos test is used for thoracic outlet syndrome. | Orthopaedics | Metabolic disorders - 1 |
b00b9bcf-ea36-4896-b68a-43c968c0a12a | Wood&;s lamp is made up of - | 9% nickel oxide with 6% BuSO4 | 9% nickel oxide with 9% BuSO4 | % nickel oxide with 6% BuSO4 | 9% nickel oxide with barium silicate | 3d | single | WOOD'S LAMP Hand held device used to diagnose various dermatological conditions. It is a mercury vapour long wave,ultraviolet lamp with an inbuilt wood's filter made of barium silicate with 9% nickel oxide. Opaque to all wavelengths except those between 320 nm and 400 nm with a peak at 365 nm.Flourescence occurs when w... | Dental | miscellaneous |
560baa5c-aee5-47ee-b496-e73dbf07061c | Method used for acid fast staining - | Robertson's method | Ziehl Neelsen | Silver imprignation method | Dark ground illumination | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ziehl Neelsen Acid fast stainingo After staining with aniline dye, acid fast organisms resist decolourisation with acids,o Method most commonly used is modified Ziehl Neelsen.Smear stained by carbolfuschin|Decolourization by 20% sulphuric acid|Counterstaining by methylene blueAcid fast organismsNon ac... | Microbiology | Culture media and method |
d9e0f6a9-d329-4d53-a29b-6aaecd7b87b0 | Wof are components of Waldeyer&;s ring | Lingual tonsil | Nasopharyngeal tonsil | Tubal tonsil | All of the above | 3d | multi | WALDEYER'S RING Scattered throughout the pharynx in its subepithelial layer is the lymphoid tissue which is aggregated at places to form masses, collectively called Waldeyer's ring. The masses are: 1. Nasopharyngeal tonsil or the adenoids 2. Palatine tonsils or simply the tonsils 3. Lingual tonsil 4. Tubal tonsils (in ... | ENT | Pharynx |
36808fb1-0369-42af-8c61-c9fdf99315cd | The embrasure areas in the following areas are continuous | Labial and Lingual | Lingual and Occlusal | Incisal and Occlusal | Labial and Occlusal | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
5568012e-7fa4-4a54-b893-9539140e661d | Lysine is deficient in: | Maize | Wheat | Fish | Egg | 0a | single | Maize | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
bda9fc2c-5048-4457-8da6-25ff247f3785 | Treatment of choice in a postmenopausal lady with atypical endometrial hyperplasia is ; | Estrogens | Hysterectomy | Progestogens | Radiotherapy | 1b | single | Hysterectomy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
865e224d-6ed4-466d-a3f1-3782175cb1d7 | During angiogenesis recruitment of pericytes and peri-endothelial cells is due to - | VEGF&PDGF | TGF, VEFG& PDGF | VEGF, IL-2, IL-6 | Angiopoietins, TGF & PDGF | 3d | single | Angiogenesis
o Blood vessels formation in adults is known as angiogenesis or neovascularization. It can occur by two ways:-
1. Angiogenesis from pre-existing blood vessels
The major steps in this process are
i. Vasodilatation by NO, and VEGF-induced increased permeability of the pre-existing vessel.
ii. Proteolytic deg... | Pathology | null |
582e2447-317b-4a3d-b1fb-d78b8996026c | Basal cell carcinoma is seen in most commonly in which pa of the eyelid? | Upper medial | Upper lateral | Lower medial | Lower lateral | 2c | single | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 384)*Basal cell carcinoma is the commonest malignant tumor to the lids (90%) usually seen in elderly people *It is locally malignant and involves most commonly lower lid (50%) followed by medial canthus (25%), upper lid (10-15%) and outer canthus"Basal... | Ophthalmology | Ocular motility and squint |
1ea9eb09-a49d-4b71-8574-b62ffc2c7d2e | Field instrument used to measure bih weight:- | Salter's spring balance | Electronic weighing scale | Mass produced balance scale | Roberval balance | 0a | single | - Field instrument to measure bih weight is Salter's Spring balance (kind of sling balance on which child is hung) - Average bih weight = 2.8kg - According to WHO, Low bih weight = < 2.5kg Very Low bih weight = < 1.5 Kg Extremely Low bih weight = < 1 Kg - Bih weight Doubles by 5 months Triples by 12 months Quadruples b... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Paediatric Care in RCH: BW, BL, PEM, Breast Feeding |
5be2b87e-b926-442e-849c-61f186610c4a | In a drive for swachta abhiyaan, few group of young social activist markers cleaned sewers, after that they complain of fever, headaches. On examination, a non-catalase, non-glucose fermenting organism is isolated.
Which of the following is most likely responsible: | Pseudomonas | Leptospira | Chlamydia | Actinomyces | 1b | single | Leptospirosis
Leptospira organisms are found in damp environments and affect people working there, like
Stagnant water (sewer workers)
Wet soil (agricultural workers)
Mine workers
Infected person can develop mild febrile illness, headache to jaundice and renal failure. Human acts as an end host of these organisms. | Microbiology | null |
1acbff0e-52ea-4563-976a-f34b6e7bcd7e | In the perspective of the busy life schedule in the modern society, the accepted minimum period of sexual cohabitation resulting in no offspring for a couple to be declared infeile is: | One year | One and a half-year | Two years | Three year | 0a | single | 90% of couple who are cohabiting for at least one year with out contraception will have a conception. This is on monthly conception rates of 20 - 25 % in normal young couples attempting pregnancy. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Infeility (Eggs'plantation!) |
c3e6d311-90e8-417d-86c1-34c36879ca92 | What is the percentage of immunoglobulins present in proteins? | 5% | 10% | 15% | 20% | 3d | single | Immunoglobulins constitute 20 to 25% of total serum proteins. Based on physiochemical and antigenic differences, five classes of immunoglobulins have been recognized: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE.(Ref: Ananthanarayan 9th edition, p93) | Anatomy | All India exam |
2d4e0e42-cba5-4600-b636-6465edb2f23b | Perinatal mortality is expressed in terms of – | Deaths/1000 total births | Deaths/1000 live births | Deaths/10000 total births | Deaths/10000 live births | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
563754d0-4aef-4c16-b2ed-ef222d6c6626 | A male neonate born with protrusion over anterior abdominal wall .This protrusion was diagnosed to be omphalococle. how do you distinguish this protrusion from gastroschisis and say it as omhalocolle, because in an omphalocorle | Not covered by a sac | Associated with some or complete malrotation of bowel | A detect in abdominal musculature | Associated with an umbilicus attached to the abdominal walk musculature. | 1b | multi | null | Surgery | null |
d54a7b8c-7eb0-42c7-97a4-4875c99fa08d | Which of the following is not a feature of hallucination: September2010 | It can occur in any sensory modality | It is independent of will of observer | It is defined as perception occurring without external stimulation | Always pathological | 3d | multi | Ans. D: Always pathologicalA hallucination, in the broadest sense of the word, is a perception in the absence of a stimulus.In a stricter sense, hallucinations are defined as perceptions in a conscious and awake state in the absence of external stimuli which have qualities of real perception, in that they are vivid, su... | Psychiatry | null |
08c77273-8068-424b-9cde-efeb2d4436fd | Tapir Nose is Complication of | Atropic Rhinitis | Rhinosporidiosis | Rhinoscleroma | Syphilis | 2c | single | null | ENT | null |
c9ed49a3-a6a1-4b0a-a9c6-817ec562ac34 | A child with 3 years age presents with weakness with Hb level <5 gm/100 ml. History of joint swelling and bleeding spot were present. What would be causative organism? | Hook worm | Round worm | Whip worm | Pin worm | 0a | single | Signs and Symptoms Most children with hookworm infections have no signs or symptoms. However, especially when the infection is long term, it can cause iron deficiency and anemia (low red blood cells) because of bleeding from the bowel wall where the worm is attached. Other symptoms include mild diarrhea and stomach cra... | Pediatrics | Genetic and genetic disorders |
4130a05e-eb37-434b-bedb-93fdbe6d68d1 | For the following side effects, select the most likely medication to cause them.Disinterest in food with protein/calorie malnutrition. | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) | mineral oil | diuretics | INH | 0a | single | Tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs are both effective treatments for depression, but their side-effect profiles are different. Tricyclics can promote weight gain while weight loss is more common with SSRIs. | Medicine | Drugs |
829b3331-e0cb-4fdd-b2a1-a37c2bcdb44b | Second constriction of oesophagus lies at the level of | Where aortic arch crosses | Bronchi | Pharynx | Where esophagus pierces the diaphragm | 0a | single | (A) (Where aortic arch Crosses) (282-BDC-16(tm))CONSTRICTIONSNormally the oesophagus shows 4 constrictions at the following levels1. At its beginning 15 cm/6 inch form the incisor teeth where it is crossed by cricopharyngeus muscles2. Where it is crossed by the aortic arch, 22,5cm /19 inch from the incisor teeth3. Wher... | Anatomy | Thorax |
7b2dfe85-f51c-48c2-b03d-da9e2d0402df | Magnitude of action potential is determined by: | Na+ | Mg++ | K++ | Ca++ | 0a | single | Maximum magnitude is determined by equilibrium potential of Na+ ion. | Physiology | null |
dcff52be-fb5b-4119-9e1e-12ed61aa183a | Indications of prophylactic cholecystectomy are all except | Diabetes | Hemoglobinopathy | Gallstone size >3 cm | Porcelain GB | 0a | multi | Diabetes Mellitus Patients with diabetes may have a higher incidence of gallstones from the indirect effects of the metabolic syndrome, obesity, and a family history of gallstones No data show worse evolution of asymptomatic cholelithiasis in diabetes, and prophylactic cholecystectomy in asymptomatic gallstones carrier... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
8eb47f53-07d8-4291-a3d3-8cda69a612af | The source of apo-E and apo C-II for the chylomicrons is: | VLDL | IDL | LDL | HDL | 3d | single | Newly secreted or "nascent" chylomicrons and ApoB-48 apolipoprotein. HDL acts as a reservoir of lipoproteins and provide ApoE and ApoC to nascent chylomicrons to form mature chylomicrons. | Biochemistry | Lipoproteins |
3ddc3460-5a43-4ec3-a662-d07e2e54b9bb | All of the following are true about loop diuretics except: | They are called as "high ceiling" diuretics | They act on Na+.K+.2Cl- symporter | They can cause hyperuricemia | Loop diuretics lead to hypercalcemia and hypomagnesimia | 3d | multi | Loop diuretics lead to hypocalcemia and hypomagnesimia. | Pharmacology | null |
bfab5237-0add-4277-91a5-b99c7f9f2846 | Panic attack is associated with a disturbance in all of the following neurotransmitters except - | Serotonine | Glutamate | GABA | Dopamine | 1b | multi | The major neurotransmitter systems that have been implicated in panic disorder are those for norepinephrine, serotonin and GABA.
"An abnormal dopaminergic function has been hypothesized to be involved as an etiological factor in panic disorder as well as migraine" | Psychiatry | null |
50f67ace-0c4b-435b-89bc-e827d452a3d2 | A 6 year old boy has been complaining of headache, ignoring to see the objects on the side for 4 months. On Examination, he is not mentally retarded, his grades at school are good & visual acuity is diminished in both the eyes, visual chaing showed significant field defect. CT scan of the head showed suprasellar mass w... | Astrocytoma | Craniopharyngioma | Pituitary adenoma | Meningioma | 1b | multi | B i.e. Craniopharyngioma | Radiology | null |
69edd63e-db0c-457e-b9d2-fe3487f00ed5 | All-trans-retinoic acid is used in treatment of | Acute promyelocytic leukemia | A.L.L | CML | Transient myeloproliferative disorder | 0a | multi | Ref: Harrison 17th/389,447 All-trans-retinoic acid is used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
93332766-20ca-4544-86e5-3c56cda3fb0f | All of the following are the risk factors for carcinoma gallbladder except: | Primary sclerosing cholangitis | Porcelain gallbladder | Multiple 2 cm gallstones | Choledochal cyst | 2c | multi | Risk Factors of Carcinoma Gallbladder Gallstones >3 cm Porcelain gallbladder Anomalous pancreatobiliary junction Choledochal cysts Adenomatous polyps Primary sclerosing cholangitis Obesity Salmonella typhi infection | Surgery | Gallbladder |
e18bd66d-8c4d-4358-89b0-00301f0a700e | Chances of blindness in diabetic patient as compared to non-diabetic patient is ? | 5 times | 10 times | 15 times | 25 times | 3d | single | Answer- D. 25 timesThe gravity of this problem is highlighted by the finding that individual with DM are 25 times more likely to become legally blind than individuals without DM. | Medicine | null |
531c4517-9ab0-4a28-bdcc-3a5912e257a6 | Tyrosine is required for the synthesis of all of the following except: | Melatonin | Epinephrine | Norepinephrine | Thyroxine | 0a | multi | Ans. A. MelatoninMelatonin is a hormone, synthesized by pineal gland. The amino acid required is tryptophan. It is also called N-acetyl 5- methoxy serotonin. Melatonin is involved in circadian rhythms.Epinephrine, Nor-epinephrine and thyroxine are all synthesized by Tyrosine. | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids |
929b389f-e394-4d2f-9d48-91db03b96b06 | Impulses generated in the taste buds of the tongue reach the cerebral cortex via the: | Thalamus | Internal capsule | Cervical spinal nerve | Trigeminal nerve | 0a | single | Functions of the Thalamus:
The main functions of the thalamus are as follows:
It is a sensory integration and relay station of all the sensory pathways except for the olfactory pathway which is projected directly to the cerebral cortex without being relayed in the thalamus.
The impulses from taste buds of tongue reach... | Anatomy | null |
fc439d5e-6a9b-462d-8527-232aec8fcbc5 | Sinusitis in children is commoner in which sinus: | Frontal | Maxillary | Ethmoid | Sphenoid | 2c | single | The commonest sinus involved was ethmoidal in children and mixed sinus pathology in adults. The majority of patients responded to medical treatment. CONCLUSION: Orbital complications of sinusitis are commoner in children than adults and have orable prognosis. | ENT | null |
5248b4b5-2deb-4adc-ab4d-d41c31102213 | Most common of all psychiatric disorders are - | Anxiety disorder | Schizophrenia | Depression | Mania | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Anxiety disorder o Anxiety disorders are the most common of all psychiatric illnesses. According to DSM-IV-TR following are anxiety disorder :-Panic disorder with or without agoraphobia.Agoraphobia with or without panic disorder.Specific phobia.Social phobia.Obsessive - compulsive disorder.Post trauma... | Psychiatry | Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
b8a1b4f3-ca06-47fa-b855-c85bae70ea96 | What is the sequence which a retrovirus follows on entering a host cell - | RNA-DNA-RNA | RNA-DNA | DNA-RNA | DNA-RNA-DNA | 0a | single | when virus infect a cell viral RNA is transcribed by enzyme first into ssDNA then to dsDNA REF:MICROBIOLOGY ANANTHA NARAYANAN NINTH EDITION PAGE.571 | Microbiology | Virology |
3f55b982-8941-49d5-bd19-ef0fd3cc1f91 | The most appropriate drug used for chelation therapy in beta thalassemia major is - | Oral desderrioxamine | Oral deferiprone | Intramuscular EDTA | Oral Succimer | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Oral deferiprone Desferrioxamine is poorly absorbed from GIT and hence not recommended for oral administration, although it continues to be the chelating agent of choice for parentral administration. o Deferiprone is a recently introduced orally active iron chelating agent meant to be used as an alter... | Pharmacology | null |
6ac82513-491e-4e32-aaed-b2958813a286 | Which one of the following is true about follicular carcinoma of thyroid? | Is the most common thyroid cancer | Is readily diagnosed by FNAC | More commonly spreads through hematogenous route | Is commonly seen as multifocal | 2c | multi | follicullar carcinoma is not a common thyroid cancer,occurance is 10-15%. it spreads mainly through blood into bones,lungs ,liver FNAC is inconclusive , because capsular and angioinvasion which can&;t be detected by FNAC It is a well localised, nonmobile, soft, fluctuant and pulsatile secondaries in the skull ref ;(pag... | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast |
db01c4bb-8f25-44df-ba91-db4327751497 | ORS plus Zinc | Reduces infection | Antispasmodic | Reduces duration of diarrhea | Enhance sodium absorption | 2c | single | Zinc supplementation with ORS therapy reduce Duration of diarrhea Severity of acute and persistent diarrhea Volume of diarrhea | Social & Preventive Medicine | Miscellaneous |
05c54937-6292-4fe2-871c-1fa911582938 | Torsade-de-pointes is caused by - | Hypermagnesemia | Metabolic acidosis | Hypomagnesemia | Metabolic alkalosis | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
6a9fb89e-a996-4f79-b0a3-87c0f1ff73d8 | Tooth with hyperemia will give response to electric pul tester? | Low reading than control teeth | High reading than control teeth | Electric pulp testing is not very significant in hyperemia. | False negative response. | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
63d27494-2c11-4570-8d16-ec5141691843 | Drug of choice for preventing Fetal Toxoplasmosis infection during pregnancy is - | Pyrimethamine | Sulfadiazine | Spiramycin | Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Spiramycin * Classic congenital toxoplasmosis is characterized by the tetrad described by Sabin in 1942: chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcification and convulsion.Signs such as intracranial calcification, microcephaly, hydrocephalus, and severe intrauterine growth restriction strongly ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
8543fcc9-1cc2-4c3e-b243-40831de2cd2e | SIADH true is all except - | Serum Na can be less than 135 meq\/1 | Urine sodium is normal or slightly low | Vaptans are new FDA approved drugs for its Rx | Water loading test can be used | 2c | multi | Water retention also occurs in the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH). In this condition, an endogenous source of ADH (either cerebral or tumour-derived) promotes water retention by the kidney in the absence of an appropriate physiological stimulus (Box 16.13). The clinical diagnosis requires the patien... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
decdf4d8-8556-4421-80e0-acd8c8c1baf5 | Shoe polish like smell is seen in: | Mercaptans | Lacquer | Paraldehyde | Nitrobenzene | 3d | single | Ans. d. Nitrobenzene (Ref: Reddy 33/e p507; Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. General Principles/p 174)Shoe polish like smell is seen in Nitrobenzene."Nitrobenzene is an oily yellow to yellow-brown liquid that smells like bitter almonds or shoe polish. Nitrobenzene dissolves only slightly in water and easily in other ... | Forensic Medicine | Forensic Toxicology - Concepts, Statutes, Evidence, and Techniques |
08f630be-f2c9-469b-8ca5-39232e75f2b7 | A woman assaulted by neighbor was brought to you in the emergency depament with fracture of middle tooth. Injury was extended medially to the mouth and there was also contusion to bilateral leg. What is the nature of the injury | Grievous injury | Simple injury | Dangerous injury | Assault | 0a | multi | Ans. a. Grievous injury Fracture or dislocation of a bone or a tooth constitute Grevious injury. Grevious Injury (Sec 320 IPC) Emasculation Permanent privation of either eyedeg Permanent privation of either ear Privation of any member (pa, organ or limb) or joint Permanent disfiguration of head or facedeg Fracture or d... | Forensic Medicine | null |
426531cb-500e-4dcb-9c39-e17f28ca0e1b | True statement about Rheumatic fever in childrena) Polyarthritisb) Caused by α hemolytic streptococcic) Most common valve involvement is Mitrald) Erythema marginatum is common in face | bc | cd | ac | ab | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
1f068645-17fb-4fa6-8aa5-95d0b07875f4 | Protein requirement for 2 year old child (per day)- | 10 gm | 15 gm | 20 gm | 25 gm | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 20 gm GroupageProtein/davInfant0-6 month6-12 month2.05/kg1.65,'TegChildren1-3 year4-6 year7-9 year10-12 year13-15 gm22 gm30 gm41 gm54 gm65-70 gm | Pediatrics | Nutritional Requirements |
160f1ef7-451b-4362-bd71-97c72fcc8140 | The cardiac silhouette can have an "egg on side" appearance in | VSD | PDA | TOF | Transposition of Great Vessels | 3d | single | Transposition of great vessels (TGA) is defined as aoa arising from the right ventricle and pulmonary aery from the left ventricle. In patients with TGA, the oxygenated pulmonary venous blood recirculates in the lungs whereas the systemic venous blood recirculates in the systemic circulation. The pulmonary aery saturat... | Pediatrics | C.V.S |
48012e3a-8b20-4a99-adb1-44ffecbc5331 | Characteristic features of benign prostate hyperophy include all of the following except : | Increased trabeculations in bladder | Enlargement of lateral lobes of prostate | 'J' shaped/ 'fish hook' distal ureters | Bilateral hydronephrosis | 1b | multi | Radiological features of BPH: 'Slit-like' elongated and compressed urethra Smooth filling defect/ indentation in bladder floor Periurethral and subvesical enlargement is very pronounced may produce rounded defect in floor mimicking Foley's balloon. Floor of bladder elevated and trigone pushed upwards, with distal urete... | Radiology | Genitourinary radiology |
dce5e747-b0ce-4ffc-9aee-0594fb49832b | Oakley-Fulthorpe procedure is: | Single diffusion in one dimension | Double diffusion in one dimension | Single diffusion in two dimensions | Double diffusion in two dimensions | 1b | single | *Various immunodiffusion test *Single diffusion in one dimension - Oudin procedure *Double diffusion in one dimension - Oakley fulthorpe procedure *Single diffusion in two dimensions - Radial immunodiffusion *Double diffusion in two dimensions - Ouchterlony procedure | Microbiology | Immunology |
f90c434f-e5b9-4ea7-9428-545613b30160 | Priapism is seen in | Rat poisoning | Arsenic poisoning | Sildenafil poisoning | Cantharide poisoning | 3d | single | The Spanish fly (Cantharis vesicatoria, blister beetle) is 2 x 0.6 cm in dimensions. Active principle: Cantharidin.Action: It is locally irritant and nephrotoxic agent Priapism in males and aboion in pregnant females may occur. The patient becomes prostrated with convulsions, and coma preceding death. TreatmentGastric ... | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning |
5688761c-3708-47e0-b31f-7dde6725f9cc | Gene duplication plays an impoant role in the evolution of aEUR' | >m Rna | >r Rna | >t Rna | >hn Rna | 0a | single | mRNA (most likely) Gene duplications are impoant forces of genome evolution which change genome size and lead to the evolution of new gene functions. Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is any duplication of a region of DNA that contains a gene; it may occur as an error inhomologous reco... | Biochemistry | null |
6b95a78c-0e68-406d-b046-a9a2de340f73 | Upper motor neuron lesion is characterized by:March 2013 | Weakness and Spasticity | Fasciculations | Rigidity | Localized muscle atrophy | 0a | single | Ans. A i.e. Weakness and spasticity | Medicine | null |
a8e09095-c640-4ad2-95b0-10d8a7addf3c | Surgical staging of ovarian Ca all done except; | Peritoneal washing | Peritoneal biopsy | Omental biopsy | Palpation of organs | 2c | multi | <p> Steps of surgical laparotomy in ovarian carcinoma; Ascites and peritoneal washing for cytology Systematic exploration of abdomen and pelvis Biopsy of suspicious areas Sampling of diaphragm Infracolic omentectomy Pelvic and paraoic node evaluation Careful documentation of operative findings Reference : textbook of g... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology |
b7f8aa21-0452-4046-9aa2-564858bcc8ac | Lardaceous spleen is due to deposition of amyloid in: | Sinusoids of red pulp | White pulp | Pencillary aery | Splenic trabeculae | 0a | single | Amyloidosis of the spleen may be inapparent grossly or may cause moderate to marked splenomegaly (up to 800 g). Two patterns of deposition is seen:- The deposits limited to the splenic follicles, producing tapioca-like granules on gross inspection, designated sago spleen. The deposits involves the red pulp,Fusion of th... | Pathology | Amyloidosis |
fda98ccd-14a1-443b-af07-6b913c213125 | Wide pulse pressure is seen in | Beri beri | Cardiac tamponade | Diarrhea | Aortic stenosis | 0a | single | Wide pulse pressure is when SBP increases by more than 50%. It is seen in:
Aortic regurgitation
PDA
Anemia
Beri beri
Hyperthyroidism
Fever
Complete heart block
AV shunts | Medicine | null |
609e8a20-afff-498a-ba3c-628539f52f87 | The following virus can be grown only in suckling mice- | Coxsackie virus | Rhinovirus | Echovirus | Poliovirus | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Coxsackie virus . It is necessary to employ suckling mice for the isolation of coxsackie viruses. . Inoculation is usually made by intracerebral, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal route. . Adult mice are not susceptible. | Microbiology | null |
6063d451-2bd5-4845-b7b8-a96af73c5e26 | Nephrocalcinosis is seen in all except : | Sarcoidosis | Distal A | Milk alkali syndrome | Medullary cystic kidney | 3d | multi | Medullary cystic kidney Nephrocalcinosis Conditions associated with nephrocalcinosis are :- . Hyper ox aluri a . Hyperparathyroidism . Prolonged immobilization . Hypervitaminosis D . Hypophosphatemic rickets excessive bone destruction in metastatic . Coical necrosis malignancies (such as multiple myeloma) . Cushing syn... | Surgery | null |
de407aa5-cffe-4942-b3e0-29f4fe42d610 | Which of the following relaxes bronchial smooth muscles? | Cold air | Leukotriene | Ach | VIP | 3d | single | Introduction. A major symptom of asthma is an excessive contraction of airway smooth muscle cells (SMCs) which results in airway hyper-reactivity. To allete this acute and chronic airway constriction, b-adrenergic agonists, that relax SMCs, are commonly administered Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 1... | Physiology | Respiratory system |
6f86c247-7bbf-466e-a661-d1cb8166c428 | Progestase has to be replaced after : | 1 year | 5 years | 3 years | 6 months | 0a | single | The US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA)-approved effective life is only 1 year. The contraceptive effectiveness of the progestase is similar to that of Cu IUDs; it reduces menstrual loss but has to be replaced every year. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraceptives |
d774c3c1-1b99-4ab0-a11a-2bd0d7e324dd | Cholesterol is a(an) | Ester | Phospholipid | Sterol | Lipoprotein | 2c | single | Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 146 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of lipid |
2c44b9bc-cd20-4d45-8316-ffa96090d427 | Most common site of metastasis in skeleton ? | Femur | Tibia | Veebrae | Skull | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Veebrae Metastasis Metastatic bone disease is the commonest malignancy of bones and is much more common than primary bone tumors. The commonest sites for bone metastases are veebrae (most common), pelvis, the proximal half of the femur and the humerus. Extremities distal to elbow and knee are least co... | Surgery | null |
3bd36de6-f1e1-48e7-9aa7-801ed574996c | All are features of hyperparathyroidism except? | Increase serum calcium | Decreased serum phosphate | Diarrhea | Nephrocalcinosis | 2c | multi | Hyperparathyroidism leads to increase PTH. PTH increases serum calcium by increasing dietary absorption of vitamin D3. It also ensures that the proximal convoluted tubule sta losing phosphate in urine leading to decreased serum phosphate. The increase in serum calcium leads to deposition of calcium in kidney parenchyma... | Medicine | Disorders of Parathyroid Gland |
838cb05e-381c-4068-ac8d-48562f2537d8 | FALSE statement about polyaeritis nodosa (PAN) is: | It is a necrotizing vasculitis of small and medium-sized muscular aeries | Involvement of the renal and visceral aeries is characteristic. | PAN does not involve pulmonary aeries and bronchial vessels | Granulomas, significant eosinophilia, and are not observed. | 2c | multi | Polyaeritis nodosa (PAN) It is a multisystem, necrotizing vasculitis of small and medium-sized muscular aeries. Involvement of the renal and visceral aeries is characteristic. PAN does not involve pulmonary aeries, although bronchial vessels may be involved; Granulomas, significant eosinophilia, and an allergic diathes... | Pathology | null |
e34e4075-74b5-468b-8bcd-aa72c8f9f08e | The neurotransmitter agent that is normally released in the SA node of the heart in response to increased blood pressure is: | Acetylcholine | Dopamine | Adrenaline | Noradrenaline | 0a | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
17708270-9c5f-4627-b93e-4c208cd16d1f | A 60-year-old woman, Sridevi presents with a murmur suggestive of mitral stenosis and an echocardiography confirmed a mass attached to the fossa ovalis of the left atrial septum. What is the most likely diagnosis? | Cardiac myxoma | Endocarditis | Lymphoma | Metastatic cancer to the hea | 0a | single | Atrial myxoma is the most common benign cardiac tumor. It usually presents with symptoms of valvular obstruction (mural or tricuspid valve). It is attached by a pedicle to the fossa ovalis of the left atrial septum. It is treated by resection. | Surgery | Thorax And Mediastinum |
ebe49d4a-5da2-4e90-bf40-abcdb92486bf | The cardiac output can be determined by all except | Fick's principle | V/Q ratio | Echocardiography | Thermodilution | 1b | multi | Methods to determine the Cardiac output
Flowmeter
Cardiometer
- Indirect method- Used in humans
Fick’s principle method
Indicator dilution method
Thermodilution method
Doppler echocardiography
Cineradiography | Physiology | null |
b61806f0-89b9-401c-ace3-632027592cd8 | Headache is commonly seen with which anti-anginal drug? | Beta blockers | Nitrates | Trimetazidine | Potassium channel openers | 1b | single | Nitrates produce headache because of vasodilatation of meningeal vessels. Ref katzung 12th ed. | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
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