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A. 生物多样性公约 | A. Convention on Biological Diversity |
19. 《生物多样性公约》10 缔约方会议第六次会议于 2002 年 4 月 7 日至 19 日在海牙举行。它讨论森林生物多样性等问题,并通过关于森林生物多样性的第 VI/22号决定 11(包括关于森林生物多样性的扩大工作方案)。 | 19. The sixth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity10 was held in The Hague from 7 to 19 April 2002. It discussed forest biological diversity, among other things, and adopted decision VI/22 on forest biological diversity11 (including the expanded programme of work on forest ... |
20. 在第 VI/22 号决定第 37 段中,公约缔约方会议确认了公约和论坛的补充作用,并吁请公约、论坛及其伙伴间进行有效的协作。它请公约执行秘书同论坛秘书处的协调员和负责人就若干活动进行合作。它还请伙伴关系成员支持执行森林生物多样性工作方案,确认在实现公约和论坛共同目标的活动方面,伙伴关系提供了加强合作的机制。它吁请努力加强了解生态系统办法和可持续森林管理之间的关系,并促进在国家生物多样性战略和行动计划和国家森林方案之间的兼容和互补。 | 20. In paragraph 37 of decision VI/22, the Conference of the Parties to the Convention recognized the complementary roles of the Convention and the Forum and called for effective collaboration among the Convention, the Forum and their partners. It requested the Executive Secretary of the Convention to work in collabora... |
21. 在其第 VI/22 号决定中,缔约方会议还决定应向 2003 年 11 月举行的公约第九次会议的科学、技术和工艺咨询附属机构报告三项提议的协作活动的结果,并建议也向论坛第四次会议报告。这将涉及一项比较生态系统办法和可持续森林管理的研究;一份探讨森林生物多样性的管理、可持续利用和惠益分享的报告;以及在森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议和森林生物多样性扩大的工作方案的活动之间关系的评估。论坛秘书处和公约秘书处已讨论了提议的活动,现在等着论坛关于这件事的指示。 | 21. Also in its decision VI/22, the Conference of the Parties decided that the results of three proposed collaborative activities should be reported to the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice of the Convention at its ninth meeting in November 2003 and suggested that they also be reported t... |
22. 在伙伴关系成员的投入下,公约秘书处正在编制分析性文件,以评估生态系统办法和可持续森林管理之间的关系。如上述,附属机构第九次会议将讨论这份文件。也是如上述,伙伴会议在第 VI/22 号决定中建议将这份文件提交给论坛第四届会议。 | 22. Work of the secretariat of the Convention, with inputs from Partnership members, on the analytical document assessing the relationship between the ecosystem approach and sustainable forest management is under way. As mentionedabove, this will be discussed at the ninth meeting of the Subsidiary Body. Also as noted a... |
B. 濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约 | B. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora |
23. 2002 年 11 月举行的濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约缔约方会议第十二届会议 12 提请注意包括伙伴关系成员在内的伙伴们就共同关切的问题交换资料和更密切协作的机会。作为这个方向的更进一步,公约秘书长应邀出席论坛第三届会议,会上将讨论森林的经济方面,包括森林产品方面的贸易。 | 23. The twelfth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora,12 held in November 2002, drew attention to opportunities for information exchange and for closer collaboration among partners, including Partnership members, on issues of comm... |
C. 《联合国气候变化框架公约》 | C. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
24. 《联合国气候变化框架公约》13缔约方会议第八届会议于 2002 年 10 月 23日至 11 月 1 日在新德里举行。缔约方会议得到可持续发展问题世界首脑会议结果的启发,通过了《关于气候变化与可持续发展的德里部长宣言》,宣言将《联合国气候变化框架公约》的执行放在可持续发展的范围内。预料 2003 年 12 月在意大利米兰举行的缔约方会议第九届会议将商定将列入《京都议定书》的清洁发展机制下的造林和再造林活动的定义和模式。14 | 24. The eighth session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change13 took place in New Delhi from 23 October to 1 November 2002. The Conference of the Parties, inspired by the outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, adopted the Delhi Ministerial Declara... |
25. 伙伴关系的一些成员和论坛秘书处出席了《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方会议第八届会议。粮农组织和其他组织作为谈判的观察员,密切注意讨论,并在要求下向各国提供技术资料。 | 25. A number of members of the Partnership and the Forum secretariat attended the eighth session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. As observers to negotiations, FAO and other organizations closely follow up discussions and provide technical information to cou... |
D. 联合国关于在发生严重干旱和/或荒漠化的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约 | D. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, particularly in Africa |
26. 2000 年,71 个国家,人口超过 8 亿,被列为低森林覆盖率国家。这些国家对执行《联合国关于在发生严重干旱和/或荒漠化的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约》15是很重要的。公约秘书处同伙伴关系一起,促进协调国际努力,处理在低森林覆盖率国家以及受干旱和荒漠化影响的国家的森林。此外,由三个里约公约组成的联合联络组已计划审议关于森林的互动行动领域。 | 26. In 2000, 71 countries, with a population exceeding 800 million, were qualified as low forest countries. These countries are important to the implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, particularly in Africa.15 The... |
27. 《防治荒漠化公约》的执行是在国家、分区域和区域各级展开的。每个受影响的发展中国家都被要求研拟一份国家防治荒漠化行动纲领。每个此种纲领有大量的林业部分、特别是关于造林和再造林的部分,因这两种活动是防治荒漠化和减轻干旱的影响的重要方法。在退化的土地上造林和再造林的其他好处包括:恢复脆弱的生态系统,减少干旱的影响,以及木材和非木材森林产品的生产,这些都对改善当地生计很有帮助。 | 27. The implementation of the Convention to Combat Desertification takes place at national, subregional and regional levels. Each affected developing country is requested to elaborate a national action programme to combat desertification. Every such programme has a considerable forestry component, in particular with re... |
28. 可持续发展问题世界首脑会议确认《防治荒漠化公约》是消除在旱地的贫穷的重要工具。贫穷的地区往往是在旱地。旱地的造林和再造林有助于减少那些地区的贫穷。 | 28. The World Summit on Sustainable Development recognized that the Convention to Combat Desertification constitutes an important tool for poverty eradication in drylands. The geography of poverty often coincides with that of drylands. Their reforestation and afforestation contribute to poverty alleviation in those are... |
29. 继全球环境基金(全球基金)的大会决定使土地退化成为该基金的中心领域,在成功地执行《防治荒漠化公约》的范围内,将更有力和以更多经费处理砍伐森林问题。还预期将在 2003 年 8 月 25 日至 9 月 5 日在哈瓦那举行的公约缔约方第六届会议将对全球基金提议作为公约的财务机构一事作出决定。 | 29. Further to the decision of the Assembly of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) to make land degradation a focal area of the Facility, deforestation is going to be addressed with more focus and more funding in the context of a successful implementation of the Convention to Combat Desertification. It is also expect... |
E. 全球环境资金 | E. Global Environment Facility |
30. 全球环境基金是为全球环境筹资的最大的单独来源,其各种经费组合值 160亿美元以上,可用于在发展中国家和转型期经济体国家的倡议。这些项目由开发计划署、环境规划署和世界银行执行,并涉及一大系列伙伴。自它在 1991 年成立以来,它已拨出 40 亿美元作为补助金,并向其他来源举债再拨出 120 亿美元。2002 年 10 月,基金的大会正式将土地退化和持久性有机污染物添作中心领域。大会表示全球基金可作为《防治荒漠化公约》的财务机构,如果公约缔约方第六届会议接受这项提议。 | 30. The Global Environment facility is the largest single source of funding for the global environment with a portfolio worth more than $16 billion for initiatives in developing countries and countries with economies in transition. These projects are implemented by UNDP, UNEP and the World Bank and involve an extensive... |
F. 世界贸易组织 | F. World Trade Organization |
31. 2001 年 11 月通过的《多哈部长宣言》(A/C.2/56/7,附件)吁请加强贸易和环境能相互支援的方法,并鼓励世界贸易组织、有关的国际和环境发展组织之间的合作。结果,世界贸易组织通过其贸易和环境委员会,请多边环境协定、包括国际热带木材组织 16《生物多样性公约》、《联合国气候变化框架公约》的秘书处和论坛的秘书处讨论如何在环境规划署、多边环境协定和世界贸易组织间改进资料交换。 | 31. The Doha Ministerial Declaration (A/C.2/56/7, annex), adopted in November 2001, calls for the enhancing of ways in which trade and the environment can be mutually supportive, and encourages cooperation between the World Trade Organization and relevant international and environmental development organizations. As a ... |
四. 支持论坛和其他有关会议由国家带头的倡议 | IV. Country-led initiatives in support of the Forum and other relevant meetings |
A. 转让无害环境的技术,以促进可持续管理红树林 | A. Transfer of environmentally sound technologies for the sustainable management of mangrove forests |
32. 2003 年 3 月,尼加拉瓜政府,在《保护和开发大加勒比区域海洋环境公约》17 的支助下,并以中美洲海运委员会为《合作保护和持续发展东北太平洋海洋和沿海环境公约》(2002 年在危地马拉安提瓜的东北太平洋区域海方案全权代表会议通过的)的秘书处,主持了关于转让无害环境的技术,以促进可持续管理红树林的专家讲习班。这次会议是同国际热带木材组织、粮农组织、《关于特别是作为水禽栖息地的国际重要湿地公约》(《拉姆萨尔公约》)18 的秘书处和论坛秘书处合作举办的,40 个专家出席,下列机构参加了会议:世界银行、环境规划署、中美洲经济一体化银行、美国国际开发署和日本国际协力事业团。 | 32. In March 2003, the Government of Nicaragua, with support from the Cartagena Convention for the Protection and Development of the Marine Environment of the Wider Caribbean Region17 and the Central American Commission on Maritime Transportation as the secretariat of the Convention for Cooperation in the Protection an... |
33. 这个国家带头和组织带头的会议的目的是:(a) 分析关于转让技术促进可持续管理红树林的障碍和有利条件,(b) 审查在大加勒比区域和东北太平洋区域促进养护和可持续管理红树林的区域方案草案。这项活动的报告将提交论坛第三届会议。 | 33. The objectives of this country- and organization-led meeting were to: (a) analyse the barriers and enabling conditions for the transfer of technologies for the sustainable management of mangroves and (b) review draft regional programmes for the conservation and sustainable management of mangrove forests in the wide... |
B. 监测、评估和汇报在执行森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议方面学到的教训 | B. Monitoring, assessment and reporting on lessons learned in the implementation of IPF/IFF proposals for action |
34. 论坛由国家带头关于监测、评估和汇报在执行森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议方面学到的教训的倡议于 2003 年 3 月 17 日至 20 日在意大利维泰博举行。意大利政府举办这次会议,巴西、中国、意大利、日本、南非、瑞典、土耳其、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国和美利坚合众国共同赞助,粮农组织和论坛秘书处提供支助。这次会议的主要目的是分享各国在监测和评估在执行森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议方面的进展得到的经验和教训,并通过这项活动查出论坛如何能取得和利用国家资料,以促进进一步执行。这次会议的报告(E/CN.18/2003/9)将提交给论坛第三届会议。 | 34. The Forum country-led initiative on the monitoring, assessment and reporting on lessons learned, in the implementation of IPF/IFF proposals for action was held in Viterbo, Italy, from 17 to 20 March 2003. The meeting was hosted by the Government of Italy and was co-sponsored by the Governments of Brazil, China, Ita... |
C. 人造林在可持续森林管理方面的作用 | C. Role of planted forests in sustainable forest management |
35. 关于人造林在可持续森林管理方面的作用的专家会议于 2003 年 3 月 24 日至30 日在惠灵顿由新西兰政府主办,获得阿根廷、澳大利亚、加拿大、智利、马来西亚、新西兰、南非、瑞士、联合王国和美国的政府赞助,国际林业研究中心、粮农组织、国际林业研究组织联合会和国际热带木材组织也赞助这次会议。这次会议的目的是:(a) 促进人造林的作用和查明使人造林对全球可持续森林管理作出最大贡献的方法;(b) 支助各国促进可持续森林管理;(c) 添造 1999 年在智利圣地亚哥举行的关于人造林的作用的第一次专家协商会的结果;(d) 通过主要利益团体间有见识的对话建立共识;(e) 支助论坛的工作方案。这次活动的报告(E/CN.18/2003/1... | 35. The expert meeting on the role of planted forests in sustainable forest management was hosted by the Government of New Zealand in Wellington from 24 to 30 March 2003, and was sponsored by the Governments of Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Malaysia, New Zealand, South Africa, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and... |
D. 标准和指标对可持续森林管理的贡献国际会议 | D. International Conference on the Contribution Criteria and Indicators to Sustainable Forest Management |
36. 标准和指标对可持续森林管理的贡献国际会议:前进之路(CICI2003)是 2003年 2 月 3 日至 7 日在危地马拉城举行,这次会议获得粮农组织、国际热带木材组织、美国政府和芬兰政府的共同赞助,代表 73 个政府、国际组织、标准和指标进程以及非政府小组的 109 个专家出席,审议加强标准和指标的研拟和执行的方法,促进在政治上承诺使用它们,加强体制能力和利益有关者的伙伴关系,以及协助论坛的工作。会议结果与论坛对其监测、评估和汇报职能的讨论很有关系,特别是与朝可持续森林管理方面的进展有关。 | 36. The International Conference on the Contribution of Criteria and Indicators to Sustainable Forest Management: The Way Forward (CICI 2003) was convened in Guatemala City from 3 to 7 February 2003. The Conference was co-sponsored by FAO, the International Tropical Timber Organization and the Governments of the United... |
五. 区域与森林有关的进程和倡议 | V. Regional forest-related processes and initiatives |
37. 政府间组织和机构以及无数国际和国家的非政府组织继续支持九个主要的国际标准和指标进程,19 以促进可持续森林管理。近 150 个国家参与,代表世界森林的约 85%。伙伴关系的许多成员,包括粮农组织、国际热带木材组织和林业中心提供重要支助给这些进程,尤其是在发展中国家的。 | 37. Intergovernmental organizations and agencies as well as numerous international and national non-governmental organizations continue to support nine major international criteria and indicators processes19 for the sustainable management of forests. Nearly 150 countries are involved, representing about 85 per cent of ... |
38. 粮农组织的六个区域森林委员会 20 早就被认为是在国家和区域各级促进可持续森林管理的重要角色。由于它们积极的参与,它们促进经验交流,利用广泛工作网来加强区域合作;提供资料、知识和专门技术给各国,协助它们的工作。这些区域委员会,有些已经同伙伴们密切合作,执行森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议,其他正在开始在这方面的工作。 | 38. The six regional forestry commissions20 of FAO have long been recognized as important players in promoting and facilitating sustainable forest management at national and regional levels. As a result of their active involvement, they foster the exchange of experiences; draw on extensive networks to enhance regional ... |
39. 国际热带木材组织连同一大系列伙伴,执行大量项目,其中许多是国际范围的。例如,国际热带木材组织、世界保护联盟、世界自然基金会、粮农组织、国际林业研究中心和其他组织联合拟订准则,来促进退化的热带森林的复原,次要热带森林的管理,以及退化的热带林地的恢复。 | 39. The International Tropical Timber Organization, with a wide range of partners, carries out extensive projects, many of which are international in scope. For example, the International Tropical Timber Organization, the World Conservation Union, the World Wide Fund for Nature, FAO, the Center for International Forest... |
A. 非洲发展新伙伴关系 | A. New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) |
40. 非洲发展新伙伴关系(A/57/304,附件)对非洲的经济增长、环境安全、社会福利和减轻贫穷的工作极为重要。非洲发展新伙伴关系与森林有关的方面包括体现在森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议的许多问题。执行非洲发展新伙伴关系关于森林的行动纲要将有助于实现论坛的目标,应被视为加强在区域和国际各级的协作与合作的关键方法。 | 40. The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (A/57/304, annex) is critical to the continent’s economic growth, environmental security, social well-being and efforts to alleviate poverty. Forest-related aspects of NEPAD include many issues that are embodied in the IPF/IFF proposals for action. The implementation of ... |
B. 亚洲森林伙伴关系 | B. Asia Forest Partnership |
41. 日本政府和印度尼西亚政府,在亚洲开发银行、东南亚国家联盟(东盟)、国际林业研究中心、粮农组织和国际热带木材组织、联合国大学、几个政府和代表民间社会的一些组织等伙伴的支持下,在社会发展问题世界首脑会议上创立亚洲森林伙伴关系。其目的是促进在亚洲的可持续森林管理,方法是在五年期间探讨下列问题:(a) 善政和森林法的执行;(b) 有效的森林管理的能力建设;(c) 控制非法伐木;(d) 控制森林火灾;(e) 退化土地的复原和再造林。 | 41. The Governments of Japan and Indonesia, with support from partners such as the Asian Development Bank, the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN), the Center for International Forestry Research, FAO, the International Tropical Timber Organization, the United Nations University, several Governments and a nu... |
C. 刚果盆地森林伙伴关系 | C. Congo Basin Forest Partnership |
42. 刚果盆地森林伙伴关系是美国在社会发展问题世界首脑会议上创立的。在该区域有 30 个政府、国际组织、环境机构和商业机构、包括六个中非国家(喀麦隆、中非共和国、刚果、刚果民主共和国、赤道几内亚和加蓬)组成了这个伙伴关系,以实现可持续管理和保护该区域森林的共同目标。 | 42. The Congo Basin Forest Partnership was launched by the United States at the World Summit on Sustainable Development. Thirty Governments, international organizations and environmental and business interests in the region, including six Central African countries (Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Congo, the... |
43. 刚果盆地森林伙伴关系将设法提供给本区域人民可持续的生计方法、有力的机构、改进过的森林和自然资源的管理、管理较好的森林特许地、全国公园和保护区网。伙伴们于 2003 年 1 月在巴黎举行第一次会议。美国政府和一个非洲国家政府将在伙伴关系关两年执行期间作为共同主持人,然后其他伙伴将轮流担任促进的角色。 | 43. The Congo Basin Forest Partnership will seek to provide the people of the region with sustainable means of livelihood, stronger institutions, improved forest and natural resources governance, better-managed forestry concessions and national networks of parks and protected areas. The first meeting of the partners wa... |
D. 国际示范森林网 | D. International Model Forest Network |
44. 国际示范森林网从在 1992 年成立开始,成长到有 19 个国际示范森林其中 9个是在发展中国家和转型期经济体国家。一些国际捐助机构、机构和政府间组织/非政府组织正在支持在地方和区域各级的一系列活动。在社会发展问题世界首脑会议上,加拿大、智利和阿根廷的政府以及开发计划署创立了拉丁美洲和加勒比区域示范森林中心。该中心是设在智利圣地亚哥,预料将促进和加强在该区域的可持续森林管理和可持续发展,为地方社会记录和示范关于可持续森林管理和可持续经济发展的最佳做法;加强从加拿大到本区域的技术转让,以及取得更多伙伴和捐助者。 | 44. The International Model Forest Network has grown from its origins in 1992 to include 19 international model forests, 9 of which are in developing countries and countries with economies in transition. A number of international donor agencies, institutions and intergovernmental organizations/non-governmental organiza... |
E. 关于区域倡议的论坛秘书处数据库 | E. Forum secretariat database on regional initiatives |
45. 论坛秘书处正在编纂与森林有关的区域倡议和进程的资料,以便检查具有可持续森林管理特色的共同领域,以及将它们同载于其行动计划 21 的论坛要素比较。它将研究这些进程,以了解它们如何相互支援,及查明可供其他进程利用的机会,还要研究关于南-南和北-南伙伴关系的资料以及区域合作方面的优点和弱点。 | 45. The Forum secretariat is compiling information on forest-related regional initiatives and processes with a view to examining common areas that characterize sustainable forest management and comparing these to the Forum elements contained in its plan of action.21 It will study these processes to understand how they ... |
六. 加强同利益有关者的合作与协作 | VI. Strengthening cooperation and collaboration with stakeholders |
46. 可持续森林管理取决于利益有关者积极参与政府进程和执行,论坛秘书处为妇女、青年、土著人民、非政府组织、工人和工会、工商业、科技界和小森林土地所有人等主要团体促进成立一个全球性的论坛协调中心网。该协调中心系统促进合作以及为在论坛举办的多方利益有关者对话加强实质性筹备工作。根据论坛第二届会议提出的要求,论坛秘书处正在同联合国秘书处经济和社会事务部讨论有什么方法可便利认可非政府组织及促进主要团体均衡和有代表性地参加论坛的会议。 | 46. Sustainable forest management is predicated on the active involvement of stakeholders in the policy process and in implementation. The Forum secretariat has facilitated the establishment of a global Forum network of focal points for the major groups of women, youth, indigenous people, non-governmental organizations... |
七. 结论 | VII. Conclusions |
47. 森林问题合作伙伴关系的成员已合作促进成功地执行森林小组/森林论坛的许多行动建议。伙伴关系及其成员在提供专门知识和资料,加强政治承诺,调动财政资源,以及同一大系列伙伴建立工作网各方面具有催化作用。伙伴关系成员对论坛的工作作出了很大的贡献。过去一年两件特别值得注意的倡议是森林问题合作伙伴关系关于资助可持续森林管理原始资料集的开始编制,以及成立森林问题合作伙伴关系关于精简与森林有关汇报工作工作队。 | 47. Members of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests have worked collaboratively for the successful implementation of many IPF/IFF proposals for action. The Partnership and its members have a catalysing role in the provision of expertise and information, strengthening political commitment, mobilizing financial resou... |
48. 论坛的合作导致同伙伴关系成员、经济及社会理事会各职司委员会、有关的国际和区域进程和组织、机构和机关发展较好的协同作用。 | 48. Forum cooperation has led to development of better synergies with Partnership members, and the functional commissions of the Economic and Social Council, as well as relevant international and regional processes and organizations, institutions and instruments. |
49. 闭会期间的活动,特别是国家和组织领导的支助论坛的主动行动,在建立加强的协作和面向行动的协调执行森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议方面很重要。 | 49. The intersessional activity, particularly country- and organization-led initiatives in support of the Forum, has been instrumental in establishing enhanced collaborations, and action-oriented and coordinated implementation of the IPF/IFF proposals for action. |
50. 已有更多多边利益有关者参加目的在于可持续森林管理的活动,已发展伙伴关系,以促进协同作用和加强决策。 | 50. There has been increased multi-stakeholder participation in activities aimed at sustainable forest management, and partnerships have been developed to foster synergies and enhance policy-making. |
八. 需要讨论的各点 | VIII. Points for discussion |
51. 论坛不妨: | 51. The Forum may wish to: |
(a) 表示赞赏森林问题合作伙伴关系有力地支助论坛的工作; | (a) Express its appreciation to the Collaborative Partnership on Forests for its strong support to the work of the Forum; |
(b) 注意到伙伴关系、其他国际组织和多边协定提供给关于以森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议为基础的可持续森林管理倡议的支助; | (b) Note the support that the Partnership, and other international organizations and multilateral agreements, have provided to initiatives on sustainable forest management based on the IPF/IFF proposals for action, and invite Partnership members to continue their individual and collective efforts to facilitate implemen... |
(c) 赞赏地注意到伙伴关系的联合活动、包括伙伴关系关于资助可持续森林管理原始资料集和伙伴关系关于精简与森林有关汇报工作工作队,以及调和与森林有关的定义的努力,并请伙伴关系成员继续支持这些倡议; | (c) Note with appreciation the Partnership’s joint activities, including the Partnership Sourcebook on funding sustainable forest management, the Partnership Task Force on Streamlining Forest-related Reporting; and efforts to harmonize forest-related definitions, and invite Partnership members to continue to support th... |
(d) 注意到论坛秘书处努力同有关的全球和区域多边协定建立协同作用、包括改进在共同关心领域的资料交换,并请论坛秘书处的协调员和主管同伙伴关系成员组织的主管密切合作,采取具体步骤同与森林有关的国际和区域多边协定建立战略伙伴关系,以便切实执行森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议; | (d) Note the efforts of the Forum secretariat to build synergies with relevant global and regional multilateral agreements, including improving information exchange in areas of common interest, and request the Coordinator and Head of the Forum secretariat, in close collaboration with the heads of the member organizatio... |
(e) 确认联合国森林问题论坛行动计划和生物多样性公约关于森林生物多样性的扩大工作方案之间的协同作用,并欢迎合作,特别是关于执行目标相同的森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议和关于森林生物多样性的扩大工作方案的活动,如果已这样做了,那么在这方面论坛将请论坛秘书处的协调员和主管同公约执行秘书合作探讨这些共同关切领域,并就取得的进展向论坛第四届会议提出报告; | (e) Recognize the synergies between the plan of action of the United Nations Forum on Forests and the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity of the Convention on Biological Diversity, and welcome collaboration, particularly as regards the implementation of those IPF/IFF proposals for action and activ... |
(f) 欢迎各种区域机构、机关和进程的代表参加论坛关于在执行森林小组/森林论坛的行动建议方面学到的教训的讨论,并且请区域组织和区域团体继续其促进论坛的工作的集体努力,特别是关于: | (f) Welcome the participation of representatives of various regional institutions, bodies and processes in the Forum’s discussions on lessons learned in the implementation of IPF/IFF proposals for actions and invite regional organizations and regional groups to continue their collective effort to facilitate the work of... |
㈠ 促进能力建设的知识交流和联合努力; | (i) Knowledge-sharing and joint efforts for capacity-building; |
㈡ 协调分区域和区域各级的行动以加强执行; | (ii) Coordinated action at subregional and regional levels for enhanced implementation; |
(g) 请论坛秘书处协调员和主管促进协调闭会期间的活动,诸如由国家或组织带头支助论坛的工作的倡议; | (g) Request the Coordinator and Head of the Forum secretariat to facilitate coordination of intersessional activities, such as country- or organization-led initiatives in support of the work of the Forum; |
(h) 还请论坛秘书处的协调员和主管,通过加强的和创新的多方利益有关者的进程,以及同所有有关的利益有关者特别是私营部门代表的互动,加强利益有关者的参加。 | (h) Also request the Coordinator and Head of the Forum secretariat to reinforce stakeholder participation through a strengthened and innovative multi-stakeholder process and through interaction with all relevant stakeholders, particularly the representatives of the private sector. |
1 见《经济及社会理事会正式记录,2001 年,补编第 22 号》(E/2001/42/Rev.1),第二部分,第一章,第 B 节。 | 1 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2001, Supplement No. 22 (E/2001/42/Rev.1), part two, chap. I, sect. B. |
2 《可持续发展问题世界首脑会议的报告,2002 年 8 月 26 日至 9 月 4 日,南非约翰内斯堡》(联合国出版物,出售品编号 E.03.II.A.1),第一章,决议 2,附件。 | 2 Report of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, South Africa, 26 August-4 September 2002 ((United Nations publication, Sales No. E.03.II.A.1), chap. I, resolution 2, annex. |
3 同上,决议 1,附件。 | 3 Ibid., resolution 1, annex. |
4 《经济及社会理事会正式记录,2002 年,补编第 22 号》(E/2002/42),第二章,第 B 节,第2/1 号决议,附件。 | 4 Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2002, Supplement No. 22 (E/2002/42), chap. II, sect. B, resolution 2/1, annex. |
5见大会第 55/2 号决议,载有《联合国千年宣言》;还见 A/56/326,附件。 | 5 See General Assembly resolution 55/2 containing the United Nations Millennium Declaration; see also A/56/326, annex. |
6 伙伴关系会议的摘要报告载于伙伴关系网址(http://www.fao.org/forestry/foris/webview/cpf/index.gsp)。 | 6 The summary reports of Partnership meetings are available on the Partnership web site (http://www.fao.org/forestry/foris/webview/cpf/index.gsp). |
7可在下列网址:http://www.fao.org/forestry/cpf-mar 访问门户。 | 7 The portal can be accessed at the following web site: http://www.fao.org/forestry/cpf-mar. |
8在 http://www.fao.org/forestry/fop/fopw/climate/climate-e.asp 可看到。 | 8 Available at http://www.fao.org/forestry/fop/fopw/Climate/climate-e.asp. |
9 该工作网第一次会议的摘要报告载于伙伴关系的网址:http://www.fao.org/forestry/cpf。 | 9 A summary report of the first meeting of the Network is available on the Partnership web site at http://www.fao.org/forestry/cpf. |
10《联合国条约汇编》,第 1760 卷,第 30619 号。 | 10 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1760, No. 30619. |
11 《该决定的文本载于生物多样性公约网址:(http://www.biodiv.org/decisions/default.asp?/g=oampersand dec=VI/22。 | 11 The text of the decision is available on the Convention on Biological Diversity web site at http://www.biodiv.org/decisions/default.asp?lg=0&dec=V1/22. |
12《联合国条约汇编》,第 993 卷,第 14537 号。 | 12 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 993, No. 14537. |
13同上,第 1771 卷,第 30822 号。 | 13 Ibid., vol. 1771, No. 30822. |
FCCC/CP/1997/7/Add.1,第 1/CP.3 号决定,附件。 | 14 FCCC/CP/1997/7/Add.1, decision 1/CP.3, annex. |
15《联合国条约汇编》,第 1954 卷,第 33480 号。 | 15 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1954, No. 33480. |
16同上,第 1955 卷,第 33484 号。 | 16 Ibid., vol. 1955, No. 33484. |
17同上,第 1506 卷,第 25974 号。 | 17 Ibid., vol. 1506, No. 25974. |
18 同上,第 996 卷,第 14583 号。 | 18 Ibid., vol. 996, No. 14583. |
19国际/生态区域进程和倡议是:非洲木材组织;干旱地区非洲;干旱森林亚洲;国际热带木材组织;莱帕特里克;蒙特利尔;近东;泛欧;塔拉波托。 | 19 The international/ecoregional processes and initiatives are: African Timber Organization; Dry Zone Africa; Dry Forests Asia; International Tropical Timber Organization; Lepaterique; Montreal; Near East; Pan-European; Tarapoto. |
20 这六个区域森林委员会是粮农组织的法定机构。它们是:非洲林业和野生生物委员会;亚洲-太平洋林业委员会;欧洲林业委员会;拉丁美洲和加勒比林业委员会;近东林业委员会;北美林业委员会。 | 20 The six regional forestry commissions are statutory bodies of FAO. They are: African Forestry and Wildlife Commission; Asia-Pacific Forestry Commission; European Forestry Commission; Latin America and the Caribbean Forestry Commission; Near East Forestry Commission; and North American Forest Commission. |
(C) 180820 260820 | GE.20-09971(E) |
人权理事会第四十三届会议 | Forty-third session |
2020 年 2 月 24 日至 3 月 20 日 | 24 February–20 March 2020 |
议程项目 3 | Agenda item 3 |
联合国人权事务高级专员的报告*概要本报告根据人权理事会第 37/3 号决议提交,联合国人权事务高级专员在报告中研究了司法系统缺乏公正廉明对人权的影响,特别是对关押在各国域外拘留设施人员的人权的影响。* 本报告在截止日期之后提交,以反映最新情况。联 合 国 A/HRC/43/35大 会 Distr.: General24 July 2020ChineseOriginal: English一. 导言1. 人权理事会在关于司法系统的公正廉明的第 37/3 号决议中,请联合国人权事务高级专员与各国、联合国有关机构、特别程序、条约机构、非政府组织和其他相关利益攸关方协商,编写一份全面研究报告,说明司法系统缺乏公正廉明对人权的影响,特别是对关押... | Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Integrity of the judicial system Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights* Summary In the present report, submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution ... |
同类型的域外拘留。其中包括执法机构和情报机构所实施的域外拘留、武装冲突中的域外拘留以及国家协助的由第三方在其境外实施的拘留。 | with implications for human rights. These include extraterritorial detention by law enforcement and intelligence agencies, extraterritorial detention in armed conflicts and detention by third parties that States facilitate outside their territory. |
一. 武装冲突以外的域外拘留对司法系统的公正廉明的影响 | II. Impact on the integrity of the judicial system of extraterritorial detention outside of armed conflict |
4. 在武装冲突以外的执法、情报收集和反恐行动中,一些国家有时采取在境外拘留人员的手段。4 经验表明,各国在域外采取行动时,可能更倾向于以不符合其根据国际人权法承担的义务(包括必要的司法保障和程序保障)的方式进行拘留。虽然一些国家质疑国际人权条约在域外的适用性,5 并认为国内宪法规定的人权保护不一定适用于国外,6 但国际法院和人权条约机构申明,国际人权文书适用于一国在其域外行使管辖权的行为。7 由于在国外进行的拘留使被拘 | 4. In the course of law enforcement, intelligence gathering and counter-terrorism operations outside of armed conflict, some States have sometimes resorted to detaining individuals outside their territory.4 Experience has shown that, in cases in which they act extraterritorially, States can be more prone to detain in a... |
1 人权理事会第 37/3 号决议,第 15 段。 | 1 Human Rights Council resolution 37/3, para. 15. |
2 收到了萨尔瓦多、意大利、约旦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、罗马尼亚和俄罗斯联邦以及乌克兰议会人权事务专员、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室、医生促进人权协会和雅马西摩尔人中的阿茨哈塔族提交的材料。 | 2 Submissions were received from El Salvador, Italy, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Romania and the Russian Federation, as well as from the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Physicians for Human Rights and the At-sik-hata Nation of Yamassee Moors. |
3 关于《公约》缔约国的一般法律义务性质的第 31 号一般性意见(2004 年),第 10 段。另见关于人身自由和安全的第 35 号一般性意见(2014 年),第 63 段;关于生命权的第 36 号一般性意见(2018 年),第 63 段。 | 3 General comment No. 31 (2004) on the nature of the general legal obligation imposed on States parties to the Covenant, para. 10. See also general comments No. 35 (2014) on liberty and security of person, para. 63; and No. 36 (2018) on the right to life, para. 63. |
4 例如,见 A/HRC/4/40,第 33、35 和 37 段;A/HRC/42/40,第 56 段;CAT/C/USA/CO/2,第 16-17 段。 | 4 See, e.g., A/HRC/4/40, paras. 33, 35 and 37; A/HRC/42/40, para. 56; CAT/C/USA/CO/2, paras. 16– 17. |
5 例如,见 CCPR/C/USA/4,第 5 段;“人权事务委员会,关于第九条:人身自由和安全的第35 号一般性意见草案――加拿大政府的评论意见”,2014 年 10 月 6 日,第 7 段。 | 5 See, e.g., CCPR/C/USA/4, para. 5; “Human Rights Committee, draft general comment No. 35: article 9: liberty and security of person – comments by the Government of Canada”, 6 October 2014, para. 7. |
6 联邦上诉法院,《大赦国际加拿大分部诉加拿大》,案件编号[2009] 4 F.C.R. 149,2008 年 12月 17 日;高等法院,《以色列境内阿拉伯少数族裔权利阿达拉赫法律中心等诉以色列国防部和以色列国》,案件编号 8276/05(2006),2006 年 12 月 12 日,第 22 段;宪法法院,《Kaunda 诉南非总统等》,案件编号 CCT 23/04,2004 年 8 月 4 日。 | 6 Federal Court of Appeal, Amnesty International Canada v. Canada (Canadian Forces), Case No. [2009] 4 F.C.R. 149, 17 December 2008; High Court of Justice, Adalah Legal Center for Arab Minority Rights in Israel and others v. Minister of Defense and State of Israel, Case No. 8276/05 (2006), 12 December 2006, para. 22; C... |
7 《在巴勒斯坦被占领土修建隔离墙的法律后果》,咨询意见,《2004 年国际法院案例汇编》,第 108-113 段;《刚果境内的武装活动》(《刚果民主共和国诉乌干达》),判决书,《2005 年国际法院案例汇编》,第 216 段。留者处于拘留国的有效控制之下,因此,拘留国必须确保尊重该国加入的国际人权条约和其他适用的国际法规则所产生的被拘留者的权利。8 禁止任意剥夺生 | 7 As detention conducted abroad brings thedetained person within the State’s effective control, the detaining State must therefore ensure respect for the rights of the detainee emanating from international human rights treaties to which the State is a party and from otherwise applicable rules of international law. |
权条约和其他适用的国际法规则所产生的被拘留者的权利。8 禁止任意剥夺生命,禁止酷刑和残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇,禁止任意剥夺自由和公正审判权的某些方面,此乃习惯国际法的一部分,为此,国家代理人无论在哪国采取行动,都必须遵守这些规定。9 因此,各国不得在其境外任意或非法拘留人员, | 8 The prohibitions of arbitrary deprivation of life, of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, of arbitrary deprivation of liberty and of certain aspects of the right to a fair trial, constitute part of customary international law and, as such, must be respected by State agents wherever they territorially a... |
动,都必须遵守这些规定。9 因此,各国不得在其境外任意或非法拘留人员,也不得在其境外,除其他外,将人员长期单独拘禁,或对拘留他们的合法性不予审查。10 | 9 Accordingly, States must not arbitrarily or unlawfully detain individuals nor may they subject persons outside their territory to, inter alia, prolonged incommunicado detention or deprive them of access to review of the lawfulness of their detention.10 |
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