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572edbf7c246551400ce4741
Seven_Years%27_War
Pitt now prepared to send troops into Germany; and both Marlborough and Sackville, disgusted by what they perceived as the futility of the "descents", obtained commissions in that army. The elderly General Bligh was appointed to command a new "descent", escorted by Howe. The campaign began propitiously with the Raid on...
Who led the invasion troops?
{ "text": [ "The elderly General Bligh" ], "answer_start": [ 186 ] }
572edbf7c246551400ce4742
Seven_Years%27_War
Pitt now prepared to send troops into Germany; and both Marlborough and Sackville, disgusted by what they perceived as the futility of the "descents", obtained commissions in that army. The elderly General Bligh was appointed to command a new "descent", escorted by Howe. The campaign began propitiously with the Raid on...
Where did the troops land?
{ "text": [ "Cherbourg" ], "answer_start": [ 321 ] }
572edbf7c246551400ce4744
Seven_Years%27_War
Pitt now prepared to send troops into Germany; and both Marlborough and Sackville, disgusted by what they perceived as the futility of the "descents", obtained commissions in that army. The elderly General Bligh was appointed to command a new "descent", escorted by Howe. The campaign began propitiously with the Raid on...
How did the British treat Cherbourg?
{ "text": [ "destroyed its fortifications, docks, and shipping." ], "answer_start": [ 456 ] }
572f7934947a6a140053c998
Seven_Years%27_War
The troops were reembarked and moved to the Bay of St. Lunaire in Brittany where, on 3 September, they were landed to operate against St. Malo; however, this action proved impractical. Worsening weather forced the two armies to separate: the ships sailed for the safer anchorage of St. Cast, while the army proceeded ove...
What stopped the planned siege at St. Malo?
{ "text": [ "Worsening weather" ], "answer_start": [ 185 ] }
572f7934947a6a140053c999
Seven_Years%27_War
The troops were reembarked and moved to the Bay of St. Lunaire in Brittany where, on 3 September, they were landed to operate against St. Malo; however, this action proved impractical. Worsening weather forced the two armies to separate: the ships sailed for the safer anchorage of St. Cast, while the army proceeded ove...
How did the fleet respond to the bad weather?
{ "text": [ "the ships sailed for the safer anchorage of St. Cast" ], "answer_start": [ 238 ] }
572f7934947a6a140053c99a
Seven_Years%27_War
The troops were reembarked and moved to the Bay of St. Lunaire in Brittany where, on 3 September, they were landed to operate against St. Malo; however, this action proved impractical. Worsening weather forced the two armies to separate: the ships sailed for the safer anchorage of St. Cast, while the army proceeded ove...
How did the army get to the new anchorage location?
{ "text": [ "the army proceeded overland." ], "answer_start": [ 298 ] }
572f7b09a23a5019007fc674
Seven_Years%27_War
Great Britain lost Minorca in the Mediterranean to the French in 1756 but captured the French colonies in Senegal in 1758. The British Royal Navy took the French sugar colonies of Guadeloupe in 1759 and Martinique in 1762 as well as the Spanish cities of Havana in Cuba, and Manila in the Philippines, both prominent Spa...
What possession did the French lose to the Brits in 1758
{ "text": [ "captured the French colonies in Senegal in 1758" ], "answer_start": [ 74 ] }
572f7b09a23a5019007fc676
Seven_Years%27_War
Great Britain lost Minorca in the Mediterranean to the French in 1756 but captured the French colonies in Senegal in 1758. The British Royal Navy took the French sugar colonies of Guadeloupe in 1759 and Martinique in 1762 as well as the Spanish cities of Havana in Cuba, and Manila in the Philippines, both prominent Spa...
What success did the British have in Cuba?
{ "text": [ "Spanish cities of Havana in Cuba" ], "answer_start": [ 237 ] }
572f7b09a23a5019007fc677
Seven_Years%27_War
Great Britain lost Minorca in the Mediterranean to the French in 1756 but captured the French colonies in Senegal in 1758. The British Royal Navy took the French sugar colonies of Guadeloupe in 1759 and Martinique in 1762 as well as the Spanish cities of Havana in Cuba, and Manila in the Philippines, both prominent Spa...
What other colony was taken by the British from Spain?
{ "text": [ "Manila in the Philippines" ], "answer_start": [ 275 ] }
572f7ca3a23a5019007fc67d
Seven_Years%27_War
During the war, the Seven Nations of Canada were allied with the French. These were Native Americans of the Laurentian valley—the Algonquin, the Abenaki, the Huron, and others. Although the Algonquin tribes and the Seven Nations were not directly concerned with the fate of the Ohio River Valley, they had been victims o...
Who were the Seven Nations of Canada?
{ "text": [ "These were Native Americans of the Laurentian valley" ], "answer_start": [ 73 ] }
572f7ca3a23a5019007fc67e
Seven_Years%27_War
During the war, the Seven Nations of Canada were allied with the French. These were Native Americans of the Laurentian valley—the Algonquin, the Abenaki, the Huron, and others. Although the Algonquin tribes and the Seven Nations were not directly concerned with the fate of the Ohio River Valley, they had been victims o...
Which tribe was the enemy of the Seven Nations of Canada?
{ "text": [ "the Seven Nations were interested in fighting against the Iroquois" ], "answer_start": [ 483 ] }
572f7f37b2c2fd1400568191
Seven_Years%27_War
In 1756 and 1757 the French captured forts Oswego and William Henry from the British. The latter victory was marred when France's native allies broke the terms of capitulation and attacked the retreating British column, which was under French guard, slaughtering and scalping soldiers and taking captive many men, women ...
Who assisted the French in taking forts Oswego and William Henry?
{ "text": [ "France's native allies" ], "answer_start": [ 121 ] }
572f7f37b2c2fd1400568193
Seven_Years%27_War
In 1756 and 1757 the French captured forts Oswego and William Henry from the British. The latter victory was marred when France's native allies broke the terms of capitulation and attacked the retreating British column, which was under French guard, slaughtering and scalping soldiers and taking captive many men, women ...
How did the French guard respond to the attack on the prisoners?
{ "text": [ "the French refused to protect their captives" ], "answer_start": [ 339 ] }
572f7f37b2c2fd1400568194
Seven_Years%27_War
In 1756 and 1757 the French captured forts Oswego and William Henry from the British. The latter victory was marred when France's native allies broke the terms of capitulation and attacked the retreating British column, which was under French guard, slaughtering and scalping soldiers and taking captive many men, women ...
How did the French defend the Fortress of Louisbourg?
{ "text": [ "French naval deployments" ], "answer_start": [ 385 ] }
572f7f37b2c2fd1400568195
Seven_Years%27_War
In 1756 and 1757 the French captured forts Oswego and William Henry from the British. The latter victory was marred when France's native allies broke the terms of capitulation and attacked the retreating British column, which was under French guard, slaughtering and scalping soldiers and taking captive many men, women ...
What Canadian area had is seaward side protected by the defense of the Fortress of Louisbourg?
{ "text": [ "securing the seaward approaches to Quebec." ], "answer_start": [ 499 ] }
572f820a04bcaa1900d76a38
Seven_Years%27_War
British Prime Minister William Pitt's focus on the colonies for the 1758 campaign paid off with the taking of Louisbourg after French reinforcements were blocked by British naval victory in the Battle of Cartagena and in the successful capture of Fort Duquesne and Fort Frontenac. The British also continued the process ...
Identify two other French possessions captured by the British.
{ "text": [ "Fort Duquesne and Fort Frontenac" ], "answer_start": [ 247 ] }
572f820a04bcaa1900d76a39
Seven_Years%27_War
British Prime Minister William Pitt's focus on the colonies for the 1758 campaign paid off with the taking of Louisbourg after French reinforcements were blocked by British naval victory in the Battle of Cartagena and in the successful capture of Fort Duquesne and Fort Frontenac. The British also continued the process ...
Who did the British deport from Lie Saint-Jean?
{ "text": [ "the Acadian population" ], "answer_start": [ 333 ] }
572f820a04bcaa1900d76a3a
Seven_Years%27_War
British Prime Minister William Pitt's focus on the colonies for the 1758 campaign paid off with the taking of Louisbourg after French reinforcements were blocked by British naval victory in the Battle of Cartagena and in the successful capture of Fort Duquesne and Fort Frontenac. The British also continued the process ...
What is Lie Saint-Jean called today?
{ "text": [ "Île Saint-Jean (present-day Prince Edward Island)" ], "answer_start": [ 396 ] }
572f820a04bcaa1900d76a3b
Seven_Years%27_War
British Prime Minister William Pitt's focus on the colonies for the 1758 campaign paid off with the taking of Louisbourg after French reinforcements were blocked by British naval victory in the Battle of Cartagena and in the successful capture of Fort Duquesne and Fort Frontenac. The British also continued the process ...
How much were the French outnumbered at the Battle of Carillion?
{ "text": [ "4,000 French troops repulsed 16,000 British" ], "answer_start": [ 635 ] }
572f84b3a23a5019007fc6d1
Seven_Years%27_War
All of Britain's campaigns against New France succeeded in 1759, part of what became known as an Annus Mirabilis. Fort Niagara and Fort Carillon on 8 July 1758 fell to sizable British forces, cutting off French frontier forts further west. On 13 September 1759, following a three-month siege of Quebec, General James Wol...
Which country enjoyed the most success in battles in North America in 1759
{ "text": [ "All of Britain's campaigns against New France succeeded in 1759" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
572f84b3a23a5019007fc6d4
Seven_Years%27_War
All of Britain's campaigns against New France succeeded in 1759, part of what became known as an Annus Mirabilis. Fort Niagara and Fort Carillon on 8 July 1758 fell to sizable British forces, cutting off French frontier forts further west. On 13 September 1759, following a three-month siege of Quebec, General James Wol...
Did the French take Quebec back?
{ "text": [ "they were unable to retake Quebec" ], "answer_start": [ 500 ] }
572f84b3a23a5019007fc6d5
Seven_Years%27_War
All of Britain's campaigns against New France succeeded in 1759, part of what became known as an Annus Mirabilis. Fort Niagara and Fort Carillon on 8 July 1758 fell to sizable British forces, cutting off French frontier forts further west. On 13 September 1759, following a three-month siege of Quebec, General James Wol...
What military advantage brought the success for the British in defending Quebec?
{ "text": [ "British naval superiority" ], "answer_start": [ 542 ] }
572f85f6b2c2fd14005681b3
Seven_Years%27_War
In 1762, towards the end of the war, French forces attacked St. John's, Newfoundland. If successful, the expedition would have strengthened France's hand at the negotiating table. Although they took St. John's and raided nearby settlements, the French forces were eventually defeated by British troops at the Battle of S...
Where did the French attack in 1762?
{ "text": [ "St. John's, Newfoundland" ], "answer_start": [ 60 ] }
572f85f6b2c2fd14005681b5
Seven_Years%27_War
In 1762, towards the end of the war, French forces attacked St. John's, Newfoundland. If successful, the expedition would have strengthened France's hand at the negotiating table. Although they took St. John's and raided nearby settlements, the French forces were eventually defeated by British troops at the Battle of S...
Did the French take St. John's?
{ "text": [ "they took St. John's" ], "answer_start": [ 189 ] }
572f85f6b2c2fd14005681b6
Seven_Years%27_War
In 1762, towards the end of the war, French forces attacked St. John's, Newfoundland. If successful, the expedition would have strengthened France's hand at the negotiating table. Although they took St. John's and raided nearby settlements, the French forces were eventually defeated by British troops at the Battle of S...
Did the French hold St. John's?
{ "text": [ "French forces were eventually defeated by British troops" ], "answer_start": [ 245 ] }
572f85f6b2c2fd14005681b7
Seven_Years%27_War
In 1762, towards the end of the war, French forces attacked St. John's, Newfoundland. If successful, the expedition would have strengthened France's hand at the negotiating table. Although they took St. John's and raided nearby settlements, the French forces were eventually defeated by British troops at the Battle of S...
Where was the final battle between the French and British in North America?
{ "text": [ "Battle of Signal Hill" ], "answer_start": [ 309 ] }
572f880804bcaa1900d76a55
Seven_Years%27_War
The history of the Seven Years' War in North America, particularly the expulsion of the Acadians, the siege of Quebec, the death of Wolfe, and the Battle of Fort William Henry generated a vast number of ballads, broadsides, images, and novels (see Longfellow's Evangeline, Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe, Jam...
Name two major events of the Seven Years' War In North America.
{ "text": [ "the expulsion of the Acadians, the siege of Quebec" ], "answer_start": [ 67 ] }
572f880804bcaa1900d76a57
Seven_Years%27_War
The history of the Seven Years' War in North America, particularly the expulsion of the Acadians, the siege of Quebec, the death of Wolfe, and the Battle of Fort William Henry generated a vast number of ballads, broadsides, images, and novels (see Longfellow's Evangeline, Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe, Jam...
How did the events of the Seven Years' War affects the production of art?
{ "text": [ "generated a vast number of ballads, broadsides, images, and novels" ], "answer_start": [ 176 ] }
572f880804bcaa1900d76a59
Seven_Years%27_War
The history of the Seven Years' War in North America, particularly the expulsion of the Acadians, the siege of Quebec, the death of Wolfe, and the Battle of Fort William Henry generated a vast number of ballads, broadsides, images, and novels (see Longfellow's Evangeline, Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe, Jam...
What other items point to the interest in the events of the Seven Years' War?
{ "text": [ "maps and other printed materials" ], "answer_start": [ 368 ] }
572f9a52b2c2fd1400568239
Seven_Years%27_War
The Anglo-French hostilities were ended in 1763 by the Treaty of Paris, which involved a complex series of land exchanges, the most important being France's cession to Spain of Louisiana, and to Great Britain the rest of New France except for the islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon. Faced with the choice of retrieving e...
How were the British-French hostilities concluded?
{ "text": [ "hostilities were ended in 1763 by the Treaty of Paris" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }
572f9a52b2c2fd140056823a
Seven_Years%27_War
The Anglo-French hostilities were ended in 1763 by the Treaty of Paris, which involved a complex series of land exchanges, the most important being France's cession to Spain of Louisiana, and to Great Britain the rest of New France except for the islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon. Faced with the choice of retrieving e...
Who ended up owning Louisiana?
{ "text": [ "the most important being France's cession to Spain of Louisiana" ], "answer_start": [ 123 ] }
572f9cad947a6a140053caca
Seven_Years%27_War
In India, the British retained the Northern Circars, but returned all the French trading ports. The treaty, however, required that the fortifications of these settlements be destroyed and never rebuilt, while only minimal garrisons could be maintained there, thus rendering them worthless as military bases. Combined wit...
What did France retain in India?
{ "text": [ "returned all the French trading ports" ], "answer_start": [ 57 ] }
572f9cad947a6a140053cacc
Seven_Years%27_War
In India, the British retained the Northern Circars, but returned all the French trading ports. The treaty, however, required that the fortifications of these settlements be destroyed and never rebuilt, while only minimal garrisons could be maintained there, thus rendering them worthless as military bases. Combined wit...
What French ally in the area abandoned the French?
{ "text": [ "loss of France's ally in Bengal" ], "answer_start": [ 326 ] }
572f9cad947a6a140053cacd
Seven_Years%27_War
In India, the British retained the Northern Circars, but returned all the French trading ports. The treaty, however, required that the fortifications of these settlements be destroyed and never rebuilt, while only minimal garrisons could be maintained there, thus rendering them worthless as military bases. Combined wit...
Who defected to the British?
{ "text": [ "the defection of Hyderabad to the British" ], "answer_start": [ 362 ] }
572f9cad947a6a140053cace
Seven_Years%27_War
In India, the British retained the Northern Circars, but returned all the French trading ports. The treaty, however, required that the fortifications of these settlements be destroyed and never rebuilt, while only minimal garrisons could be maintained there, thus rendering them worthless as military bases. Combined wit...
What happened to French power in the area?
{ "text": [ "this effectively brought French power in India to an end" ], "answer_start": [ 428 ] }
572fabb1b2c2fd1400568303
Seven_Years%27_War
The Treaty of Hubertusburg, between Austria, Prussia, and Saxony, was signed on February 15, 1763, at a hunting lodge between Dresden and Leipzig. Negotiations had started there on December 31, 1762. Frederick, who had considered ceding East Prussia to Russia if Peter III helped him secure Saxony, finally insisted on e...
Where was the Treaty of Hubertusburg signed?
{ "text": [ "at a hunting lodge between Dresden and Leipzig." ], "answer_start": [ 99 ] }
572fabb1b2c2fd1400568304
Seven_Years%27_War
The Treaty of Hubertusburg, between Austria, Prussia, and Saxony, was signed on February 15, 1763, at a hunting lodge between Dresden and Leipzig. Negotiations had started there on December 31, 1762. Frederick, who had considered ceding East Prussia to Russia if Peter III helped him secure Saxony, finally insisted on e...
Who were the parties in the Treaty of Hubertusburg?
{ "text": [ "Austria, Prussia, and Saxony" ], "answer_start": [ 36 ] }
572fabb1b2c2fd1400568305
Seven_Years%27_War
The Treaty of Hubertusburg, between Austria, Prussia, and Saxony, was signed on February 15, 1763, at a hunting lodge between Dresden and Leipzig. Negotiations had started there on December 31, 1762. Frederick, who had considered ceding East Prussia to Russia if Peter III helped him secure Saxony, finally insisted on e...
What country made gains in the Treaty of Hubertusburg?
{ "text": [ "The treaty simply restored the status quo of 1748" ], "answer_start": [ 616 ] }
572fabb1b2c2fd1400568306
Seven_Years%27_War
The Treaty of Hubertusburg, between Austria, Prussia, and Saxony, was signed on February 15, 1763, at a hunting lodge between Dresden and Leipzig. Negotiations had started there on December 31, 1762. Frederick, who had considered ceding East Prussia to Russia if Peter III helped him secure Saxony, finally insisted on e...
What did Austrian want in the Treaty of Hubertusburg
{ "text": [ "The Austrians wanted at least to retain Glatz" ], "answer_start": [ 499 ] }
572fabb1b2c2fd1400568307
Seven_Years%27_War
The Treaty of Hubertusburg, between Austria, Prussia, and Saxony, was signed on February 15, 1763, at a hunting lodge between Dresden and Leipzig. Negotiations had started there on December 31, 1762. Frederick, who had considered ceding East Prussia to Russia if Peter III helped him secure Saxony, finally insisted on e...
Did the Austrians retain Glatz?
{ "text": [ "Frederick would not allow it" ], "answer_start": [ 586 ] }
572fae7a947a6a140053cb68
Seven_Years%27_War
Austria was not able to retake Silesia or make any significant territorial gain. However, it did prevent Prussia from invading parts of Saxony. More significantly, its military performance proved far better than during the War of the Austrian Succession and seemed to vindicate Maria Theresa's administrative and militar...
What happened to Austrian prestige due to the war?
{ "text": [ "Austria's prestige was restored in great part" ], "answer_start": [ 338 ] }
572fae7a947a6a140053cb6a
Seven_Years%27_War
Austria was not able to retake Silesia or make any significant territorial gain. However, it did prevent Prussia from invading parts of Saxony. More significantly, its military performance proved far better than during the War of the Austrian Succession and seemed to vindicate Maria Theresa's administrative and militar...
What area was preserved from Prussian invasion?
{ "text": [ "it did prevent Prussia from invading parts of Saxony" ], "answer_start": [ 90 ] }
572fae7a947a6a140053cb6b
Seven_Years%27_War
Austria was not able to retake Silesia or make any significant territorial gain. However, it did prevent Prussia from invading parts of Saxony. More significantly, its military performance proved far better than during the War of the Austrian Succession and seemed to vindicate Maria Theresa's administrative and militar...
Did Austria get Silesia back?
{ "text": [ "Austria was not able to retake Silesia" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
572fbec0947a6a140053cc2c
Seven_Years%27_War
Not only that, Austria now found herself estranged with the new developments within the empire itself. Beside the rise of Prussia, Augustus III, although ineffective, could mustered up an army not only from Saxony, but also Poland, considering the elector was also the King of Poland. Bavaria's growing power and indepen...
What was the impact of the war on the wealth of Austria?
{ "text": [ "the Austrians went almost bankrupt at the end of war." ], "answer_start": [ 863 ] }
572fbec0947a6a140053cc2d
Seven_Years%27_War
Not only that, Austria now found herself estranged with the new developments within the empire itself. Beside the rise of Prussia, Augustus III, although ineffective, could mustered up an army not only from Saxony, but also Poland, considering the elector was also the King of Poland. Bavaria's growing power and indepen...
What was the change in the status of Prussia because of the war?
{ "text": [ "Beside the rise of Prussia" ], "answer_start": [ 103 ] }
572fbec0947a6a140053cc2e
Seven_Years%27_War
Not only that, Austria now found herself estranged with the new developments within the empire itself. Beside the rise of Prussia, Augustus III, although ineffective, could mustered up an army not only from Saxony, but also Poland, considering the elector was also the King of Poland. Bavaria's growing power and indepen...
What was Hanover's attitude toward Austria?
{ "text": [ "-belligerent Hanover" ], "answer_start": [ 502 ] }
572fbec0947a6a140053cc30
Seven_Years%27_War
Not only that, Austria now found herself estranged with the new developments within the empire itself. Beside the rise of Prussia, Augustus III, although ineffective, could mustered up an army not only from Saxony, but also Poland, considering the elector was also the King of Poland. Bavaria's growing power and indepen...
Which British king supported Hanover following the war?
{ "text": [ "George III of Great Britain" ], "answer_start": [ 547 ] }
572fc05ca23a5019007fc967
Seven_Years%27_War
Prussia emerged from the war as a great power whose importance could no longer be challenged. Frederick the Great’s personal reputation was enormously enhanced, as his debt to fortune (Russia’s volte-face after Elizabeth’s death) and to the British subsidy were soon forgotten while the memory of his energy and his mili...
What did the war do for the reputation of Frederick the Great?
{ "text": [ "Frederick the Great’s personal reputation was enormously enhanced" ], "answer_start": [ 94 ] }
572fc05ca23a5019007fc968
Seven_Years%27_War
Prussia emerged from the war as a great power whose importance could no longer be challenged. Frederick the Great’s personal reputation was enormously enhanced, as his debt to fortune (Russia’s volte-face after Elizabeth’s death) and to the British subsidy were soon forgotten while the memory of his energy and his mili...
What was the general opinion of Frederick the Great military acumen?
{ "text": [ "his military genius was strenuously kept alive" ], "answer_start": [ 312 ] }
572fc05ca23a5019007fc969
Seven_Years%27_War
Prussia emerged from the war as a great power whose importance could no longer be challenged. Frederick the Great’s personal reputation was enormously enhanced, as his debt to fortune (Russia’s volte-face after Elizabeth’s death) and to the British subsidy were soon forgotten while the memory of his energy and his mili...
What good fortune from Russia assisted Frederick the Great?
{ "text": [ "Russia’s volte-face" ], "answer_start": [ 185 ] }
572fc05ca23a5019007fc96b
Seven_Years%27_War
Prussia emerged from the war as a great power whose importance could no longer be challenged. Frederick the Great’s personal reputation was enormously enhanced, as his debt to fortune (Russia’s volte-face after Elizabeth’s death) and to the British subsidy were soon forgotten while the memory of his energy and his mili...
What countries were party to The First Partition of Poland?
{ "text": [ "a Russo-Prussian transaction, with Austria only reluctantly involved" ], "answer_start": [ 525 ] }
572fc19a947a6a140053cc52
Seven_Years%27_War
The British government was close to bankruptcy, and Britain now faced the delicate task of pacifying its new French-Canadian subjects as well as the many American Indian tribes who had supported France. George III's Proclamation of 1763, which forbade white settlement beyond the crest of the Appalachians, was intended ...
Who was George III trying to please with the Proclamation of 1763?
{ "text": [ "American Indian tribes" ], "answer_start": [ 154 ] }
572fc19a947a6a140053cc54
Seven_Years%27_War
The British government was close to bankruptcy, and Britain now faced the delicate task of pacifying its new French-Canadian subjects as well as the many American Indian tribes who had supported France. George III's Proclamation of 1763, which forbade white settlement beyond the crest of the Appalachians, was intended ...
Who did George III try to please with the Quebec Act of 1774?
{ "text": [ "French Canadians" ], "answer_start": [ 524 ] }
572fc19a947a6a140053cc55
Seven_Years%27_War
The British government was close to bankruptcy, and Britain now faced the delicate task of pacifying its new French-Canadian subjects as well as the many American Indian tribes who had supported France. George III's Proclamation of 1763, which forbade white settlement beyond the crest of the Appalachians, was intended ...
How did the Quebec Act of 1774 affect religion?
{ "text": [ "The act protected Catholic religion" ], "answer_start": [ 592 ] }
572fc19a947a6a140053cc56
Seven_Years%27_War
The British government was close to bankruptcy, and Britain now faced the delicate task of pacifying its new French-Canadian subjects as well as the many American Indian tribes who had supported France. George III's Proclamation of 1763, which forbade white settlement beyond the crest of the Appalachians, was intended ...
What did the Quebec Act of 1774 do about language?
{ "text": [ "The act protected Catholic religion and French language" ], "answer_start": [ 592 ] }
572fc3ed04bcaa1900d76cb1
Seven_Years%27_War
The war had also brought to an end the "Old System" of alliances in Europe, In the years after the war, under the direction of Lord Sandwich, the British did try to re-establish this system. But after her surprising grand success against a coalition of great powers, European states such as Austria, The Dutch Republic, ...
What British nobleman attempted to retain European alliances following the Seven Years' War?
{ "text": [ "Lord Sandwich" ], "answer_start": [ 127 ] }
572fc3ed04bcaa1900d76cb2
Seven_Years%27_War
The war had also brought to an end the "Old System" of alliances in Europe, In the years after the war, under the direction of Lord Sandwich, the British did try to re-establish this system. But after her surprising grand success against a coalition of great powers, European states such as Austria, The Dutch Republic, ...
What countries joined Britain as allies?
{ "text": [ "lacking any substantial ally" ], "answer_start": [ 696 ] }
572fc3ed04bcaa1900d76cb3
Seven_Years%27_War
The war had also brought to an end the "Old System" of alliances in Europe, In the years after the war, under the direction of Lord Sandwich, the British did try to re-establish this system. But after her surprising grand success against a coalition of great powers, European states such as Austria, The Dutch Republic, ...
Did the European countries see Britain or France as a greater threat?
{ "text": [ "now saw Britain as a greater threat than France" ], "answer_start": [ 371 ] }
572fc3ed04bcaa1900d76cb4
Seven_Years%27_War
The war had also brought to an end the "Old System" of alliances in Europe, In the years after the war, under the direction of Lord Sandwich, the British did try to re-establish this system. But after her surprising grand success against a coalition of great powers, European states such as Austria, The Dutch Republic, ...
When did the American War of Independence turn into a global conflict?
{ "text": [ "1778–83" ], "answer_start": [ 612 ] }
572e7b47c246551400ce4236
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman (/ˈfaɪnmən/; May 11, 1918 – February 15, 1988) was an American theoretical physicist known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, and the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as in particle physics...
Feynman proposed a integral model in particle physics, what was it?
{ "text": [ "parton model" ], "answer_start": [ 347 ] }
572e7b47c246551400ce4237
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman (/ˈfaɪnmən/; May 11, 1918 – February 15, 1988) was an American theoretical physicist known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, and the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as in particle physics...
Who were the two men that won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Feynman?
{ "text": [ "Julian Schwinger and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga" ], "answer_start": [ 452 ] }
572e7b47c246551400ce4238
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman (/ˈfaɪnmən/; May 11, 1918 – February 15, 1988) was an American theoretical physicist known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, and the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as in particle physics...
In what year did Feynman win his Nobel Prize?
{ "text": [ "1965" ], "answer_start": [ 532 ] }
572e7b47c246551400ce4239
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman (/ˈfaɪnmən/; May 11, 1918 – February 15, 1988) was an American theoretical physicist known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, and the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as in particle physics...
Feynman was famous for diagrams that showed how subatomic particles behaved, what are these known as?
{ "text": [ "Feynman diagrams" ], "answer_start": [ 705 ] }
572e7c00c246551400ce4240
Richard_Feynman
Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiograp...
What was the name of Feynman's 1959 talk on nanotech?
{ "text": [ "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }
572e7c00c246551400ce4241
Richard_Feynman
Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiograp...
What was the name of Feynman's lectures he made as an undergraduate?
{ "text": [ "The Feynman Lectures on Physics" ], "answer_start": [ 233 ] }
572e7c00c246551400ce4242
Richard_Feynman
Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiograp...
What was the name of one of his semi-autobiographical books?
{ "text": [ "Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!" ], "answer_start": [ 332 ] }
572e7c00c246551400ce4243
Richard_Feynman
Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiograp...
What book did James Gleck write about Feynman?
{ "text": [ "Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman" ], "answer_start": [ 468 ] }
572e7c00c246551400ce4244
Richard_Feynman
Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiograp...
Feynman wrote many books and gave many ___
{ "text": [ "lectures" ], "answer_start": [ 65 ] }
572e7c9c03f9891900756699
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman was born on May 11, 1918, in Queens, New York City, the son of Lucille (née Phillips), a homemaker, and Melville Arthur Feynman, a sales manager. His family originated from Russia and Poland; both of his parents were Ashkenazi Jews. They were not religious, and by his youth Feynman described hi...
What was the date of Feynman's birth?
{ "text": [ "May 11, 1918" ], "answer_start": [ 37 ] }
572e7c9c03f989190075669a
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman was born on May 11, 1918, in Queens, New York City, the son of Lucille (née Phillips), a homemaker, and Melville Arthur Feynman, a sales manager. His family originated from Russia and Poland; both of his parents were Ashkenazi Jews. They were not religious, and by his youth Feynman described hi...
In what city was Feynman born?
{ "text": [ "New York City" ], "answer_start": [ 62 ] }
572e7c9c03f989190075669b
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman was born on May 11, 1918, in Queens, New York City, the son of Lucille (née Phillips), a homemaker, and Melville Arthur Feynman, a sales manager. His family originated from Russia and Poland; both of his parents were Ashkenazi Jews. They were not religious, and by his youth Feynman described hi...
Whats is Feynman's religious affiliation?
{ "text": [ "atheist" ], "answer_start": [ 340 ] }
572e7c9c03f989190075669c
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman was born on May 11, 1918, in Queens, New York City, the son of Lucille (née Phillips), a homemaker, and Melville Arthur Feynman, a sales manager. His family originated from Russia and Poland; both of his parents were Ashkenazi Jews. They were not religious, and by his youth Feynman described hi...
What Jewish affiliation did his parents hold?
{ "text": [ "Ashkenazi" ], "answer_start": [ 242 ] }
572e7c9c03f989190075669d
Richard_Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman was born on May 11, 1918, in Queens, New York City, the son of Lucille (née Phillips), a homemaker, and Melville Arthur Feynman, a sales manager. His family originated from Russia and Poland; both of his parents were Ashkenazi Jews. They were not religious, and by his youth Feynman described hi...
What did Feynam think of the Talmud?
{ "text": [ "\"wonderful book\" and \"valuable\"" ], "answer_start": [ 842 ] }
572e7d44dfa6aa1500f8d029
Richard_Feynman
The young Feynman was heavily influenced by his father, who encouraged him to ask questions to challenge orthodox thinking, and who was always ready to teach Feynman something new. From his mother he gained the sense of humor that he had throughout his life. As a child, he had a talent for engineering, maintained an ex...
What personality trait did Feynman acquire from his mother?
{ "text": [ "humor" ], "answer_start": [ 220 ] }
572e7d44dfa6aa1500f8d02a
Richard_Feynman
The young Feynman was heavily influenced by his father, who encouraged him to ask questions to challenge orthodox thinking, and who was always ready to teach Feynman something new. From his mother he gained the sense of humor that he had throughout his life. As a child, he had a talent for engineering, maintained an ex...
What person influenced Feynman to think deeply?
{ "text": [ "father" ], "answer_start": [ 48 ] }
572e7d44dfa6aa1500f8d02b
Richard_Feynman
The young Feynman was heavily influenced by his father, who encouraged him to ask questions to challenge orthodox thinking, and who was always ready to teach Feynman something new. From his mother he gained the sense of humor that he had throughout his life. As a child, he had a talent for engineering, maintained an ex...
What electronic instrument did Feynman repair as a child?
{ "text": [ "radios" ], "answer_start": [ 382 ] }
572e7d44dfa6aa1500f8d02c
Richard_Feynman
The young Feynman was heavily influenced by his father, who encouraged him to ask questions to challenge orthodox thinking, and who was always ready to teach Feynman something new. From his mother he gained the sense of humor that he had throughout his life. As a child, he had a talent for engineering, maintained an ex...
As a grade school child he created an electronic device while his parents were away, what was it?
{ "text": [ "home burglar alarm system" ], "answer_start": [ 432 ] }
572e7d44dfa6aa1500f8d02d
Richard_Feynman
The young Feynman was heavily influenced by his father, who encouraged him to ask questions to challenge orthodox thinking, and who was always ready to teach Feynman something new. From his mother he gained the sense of humor that he had throughout his life. As a child, he had a talent for engineering, maintained an ex...
What talent did Feynman have, even early in his childhood?
{ "text": [ "engineering" ], "answer_start": [ 291 ] }
572e7de1dfa6aa1500f8d033
Richard_Feynman
When Richard was five years old, his mother gave birth to a younger brother, but this brother died at four weeks of age. Four years later, Richard gained a sister, Joan, and the family moved to Far Rockaway, Queens. Though separated by nine years, Joan and Richard were close, as they both shared a natural curiosity abo...
What happened to Feyman's younger brother?
{ "text": [ "died at four weeks of age" ], "answer_start": [ 94 ] }
572e7de1dfa6aa1500f8d034
Richard_Feynman
When Richard was five years old, his mother gave birth to a younger brother, but this brother died at four weeks of age. Four years later, Richard gained a sister, Joan, and the family moved to Far Rockaway, Queens. Though separated by nine years, Joan and Richard were close, as they both shared a natural curiosity abo...
What is Feynman's sister's name?
{ "text": [ "Joan" ], "answer_start": [ 248 ] }
572e7de1dfa6aa1500f8d035
Richard_Feynman
When Richard was five years old, his mother gave birth to a younger brother, but this brother died at four weeks of age. Four years later, Richard gained a sister, Joan, and the family moved to Far Rockaway, Queens. Though separated by nine years, Joan and Richard were close, as they both shared a natural curiosity abo...
What science displicine did Feyman encourage his sister to study?
{ "text": [ "astronomy" ], "answer_start": [ 488 ] }
572e7de1dfa6aa1500f8d036
Richard_Feynman
When Richard was five years old, his mother gave birth to a younger brother, but this brother died at four weeks of age. Four years later, Richard gained a sister, Joan, and the family moved to Far Rockaway, Queens. Though separated by nine years, Joan and Richard were close, as they both shared a natural curiosity abo...
Who was the one that pushed Joan to explore the universe?
{ "text": [ "Richard" ], "answer_start": [ 499 ] }
572e7de1dfa6aa1500f8d037
Richard_Feynman
When Richard was five years old, his mother gave birth to a younger brother, but this brother died at four weeks of age. Four years later, Richard gained a sister, Joan, and the family moved to Far Rockaway, Queens. Though separated by nine years, Joan and Richard were close, as they both shared a natural curiosity abo...
What career did Joan hold?
{ "text": [ "astrophysicist" ], "answer_start": [ 580 ] }
572e7ea2c246551400ce424a
Richard_Feynman
Feynman attended Far Rockaway High School, a school in Far Rockaway, Queens also attended by fellow Nobel laureates Burton Richter and Baruch Samuel Blumberg. Upon starting high school, Feynman was quickly promoted into a higher math class. An unspecified school-administered IQ test estimated his IQ at 123—high, but "m...
What IQ score did Feyman attain in high school?
{ "text": [ "123" ], "answer_start": [ 304 ] }
572e7ea2c246551400ce424b
Richard_Feynman
Feynman attended Far Rockaway High School, a school in Far Rockaway, Queens also attended by fellow Nobel laureates Burton Richter and Baruch Samuel Blumberg. Upon starting high school, Feynman was quickly promoted into a higher math class. An unspecified school-administered IQ test estimated his IQ at 123—high, but "m...
What high school did Feynman go to?
{ "text": [ "Far Rockaway High School" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }
572e7ea2c246551400ce424c
Richard_Feynman
Feynman attended Far Rockaway High School, a school in Far Rockaway, Queens also attended by fellow Nobel laureates Burton Richter and Baruch Samuel Blumberg. Upon starting high school, Feynman was quickly promoted into a higher math class. An unspecified school-administered IQ test estimated his IQ at 123—high, but "m...
Feyman taught himself many math subjects, including Trigonometry at what age?
{ "text": [ "15" ], "answer_start": [ 392 ] }
572e7ea2c246551400ce424d
Richard_Feynman
Feynman attended Far Rockaway High School, a school in Far Rockaway, Queens also attended by fellow Nobel laureates Burton Richter and Baruch Samuel Blumberg. Upon starting high school, Feynman was quickly promoted into a higher math class. An unspecified school-administered IQ test estimated his IQ at 123—high, but "m...
What did Feyman derive before he went to college?
{ "text": [ "half-derivative" ], "answer_start": [ 735 ] }
572e7ea2c246551400ce424e
Richard_Feynman
Feynman attended Far Rockaway High School, a school in Far Rockaway, Queens also attended by fellow Nobel laureates Burton Richter and Baruch Samuel Blumberg. Upon starting high school, Feynman was quickly promoted into a higher math class. An unspecified school-administered IQ test estimated his IQ at 123—high, but "m...
What burrough was Feynman's high school in?
{ "text": [ "Queens" ], "answer_start": [ 69 ] }
572e7f29c246551400ce4254
Richard_Feynman
He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions. Attendees at Feynman's first seminar included Albert Einstein, Wolfgang Pauli, and John von Neumann. He received a PhD fro...
Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman excel in?
{ "text": [ "mathematics and physics" ], "answer_start": [ 93 ] }
572e7f29c246551400ce4255
Richard_Feynman
He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions. Attendees at Feynman's first seminar included Albert Einstein, Wolfgang Pauli, and John von Neumann. He received a PhD fro...
Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman do poorly in?
{ "text": [ "history and English" ], "answer_start": [ 168 ] }
572e7f29c246551400ce4256
Richard_Feynman
He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions. Attendees at Feynman's first seminar included Albert Einstein, Wolfgang Pauli, and John von Neumann. He received a PhD fro...
What score did Feyman receive on his math and physics entrance exams?
{ "text": [ "perfect score" ], "answer_start": [ 14 ] }
572e7f29c246551400ce4257
Richard_Feynman
He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions. Attendees at Feynman's first seminar included Albert Einstein, Wolfgang Pauli, and John von Neumann. He received a PhD fro...
When did he receive his PhD?
{ "text": [ "1942" ], "answer_start": [ 335 ] }
572e7f29c246551400ce4258
Richard_Feynman
He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions. Attendees at Feynman's first seminar included Albert Einstein, Wolfgang Pauli, and John von Neumann. He received a PhD fro...
What was Feynman's PhD thesis titled?
{ "text": [ "The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics" ], "answer_start": [ 664 ] }
572e7ff1cb0c0d14000f11d4
Richard_Feynman
At Princeton, the physicist Robert R. Wilson encouraged Feynman to participate in the Manhattan Project—the wartime U.S. Army project at Los Alamos developing the atomic bomb. Feynman said he was persuaded to join this effort to build it before Nazi Germany developed their own bomb. He was assigned to Hans Bethe's theo...
Which weaponry research did Feynman engage in?
{ "text": [ "Manhattan Project" ], "answer_start": [ 86 ] }
572e7ff1cb0c0d14000f11d5
Richard_Feynman
At Princeton, the physicist Robert R. Wilson encouraged Feynman to participate in the Manhattan Project—the wartime U.S. Army project at Los Alamos developing the atomic bomb. Feynman said he was persuaded to join this effort to build it before Nazi Germany developed their own bomb. He was assigned to Hans Bethe's theo...
Whose division was Feynman assigned to at the Manhattan Project?
{ "text": [ "Hans Bethe" ], "answer_start": [ 303 ] }
572e7ff1cb0c0d14000f11d6
Richard_Feynman
At Princeton, the physicist Robert R. Wilson encouraged Feynman to participate in the Manhattan Project—the wartime U.S. Army project at Los Alamos developing the atomic bomb. Feynman said he was persuaded to join this effort to build it before Nazi Germany developed their own bomb. He was assigned to Hans Bethe's theo...
What did Feynman produce with the help of Bethe?
{ "text": [ "Bethe–Feynman formula" ], "answer_start": [ 418 ] }
572e7ff1cb0c0d14000f11d7
Richard_Feynman
At Princeton, the physicist Robert R. Wilson encouraged Feynman to participate in the Manhattan Project—the wartime U.S. Army project at Los Alamos developing the atomic bomb. Feynman said he was persuaded to join this effort to build it before Nazi Germany developed their own bomb. He was assigned to Hans Bethe's theo...
What was the purpose of the Bethe-Feynman formula?
{ "text": [ "calculating the yield of a fission bomb" ], "answer_start": [ 444 ] }
572e7ff1cb0c0d14000f11d8
Richard_Feynman
At Princeton, the physicist Robert R. Wilson encouraged Feynman to participate in the Manhattan Project—the wartime U.S. Army project at Los Alamos developing the atomic bomb. Feynman said he was persuaded to join this effort to build it before Nazi Germany developed their own bomb. He was assigned to Hans Bethe's theo...
Who had previously worked on fission bomb yields before Feynman?
{ "text": [ "Robert Serber" ], "answer_start": [ 519 ] }
572e808d03f98919007566e5
Richard_Feynman
He immersed himself in work on the project, and was present at the Trinity bomb test. Feynman claimed to be the only person to see the explosion without the very dark glasses or welder's lenses provided, reasoning that it was safe to look through a truck windshield, as it would screen out the harmful ultraviolet radiat...
Feynman used this to protect his eyes during the test detonation
{ "text": [ "truck windshield" ], "answer_start": [ 249 ] }
572e808d03f98919007566e6
Richard_Feynman
He immersed himself in work on the project, and was present at the Trinity bomb test. Feynman claimed to be the only person to see the explosion without the very dark glasses or welder's lenses provided, reasoning that it was safe to look through a truck windshield, as it would screen out the harmful ultraviolet radiat...
What atomic bomb test did Feynman see?
{ "text": [ "Trinity bomb test" ], "answer_start": [ 67 ] }