id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 217 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5731bcb9e17f3d1400422357 | Protestantism | The use of the phrases as summaries of teaching emerged over time during the Reformation, based on the overarching principle of sola scriptura (by scripture alone). This idea contains the four main doctrines on the Bible: that its teaching is needed for salvation (necessity); that all the doctrine necessary for salvati... | What is the term for needing the Bible for salvation? | {
"text": [
"necessity"
],
"answer_start": [
265
]
} |
5731bdcb0fdd8d15006c64d7 | Protestantism | The necessity and inerrancy were well-established ideas, garnering little criticism, though they later came under debate from outside during the Enlightenment. The most contentious idea at the time though was the notion that anyone could simply pick up the Bible and learn enough to gain salvation. Though the reformers ... | Which ideas had little criticism for the most part? | {
"text": [
"necessity and inerrancy"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
5731bdcb0fdd8d15006c64d8 | Protestantism | The necessity and inerrancy were well-established ideas, garnering little criticism, though they later came under debate from outside during the Enlightenment. The most contentious idea at the time though was the notion that anyone could simply pick up the Bible and learn enough to gain salvation. Though the reformers ... | What is the term for how the church as a whole works? | {
"text": [
"ecclesiology"
],
"answer_start": [
340
]
} |
5731bdcb0fdd8d15006c64d9 | Protestantism | The necessity and inerrancy were well-established ideas, garnering little criticism, though they later came under debate from outside during the Enlightenment. The most contentious idea at the time though was the notion that anyone could simply pick up the Bible and learn enough to gain salvation. Though the reformers ... | What group believes that some in the church have a special status to understand the bible? | {
"text": [
"Catholics"
],
"answer_start": [
533
]
} |
5731bdcb0fdd8d15006c64da | Protestantism | The necessity and inerrancy were well-established ideas, garnering little criticism, though they later came under debate from outside during the Enlightenment. The most contentious idea at the time though was the notion that anyone could simply pick up the Bible and learn enough to gain salvation. Though the reformers ... | At what period was inerrancy debated? | {
"text": [
"the Enlightenment"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} |
5731bdcb0fdd8d15006c64db | Protestantism | The necessity and inerrancy were well-established ideas, garnering little criticism, though they later came under debate from outside during the Enlightenment. The most contentious idea at the time though was the notion that anyone could simply pick up the Bible and learn enough to gain salvation. Though the reformers ... | What item could be learned to gain salvation? | {
"text": [
"the Bible"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} |
5731beafe17f3d1400422371 | Protestantism | The second main principle, sola fide (by faith alone), states that faith in Christ is sufficient alone for eternal salvation. Though argued from scripture, and hence logically consequent to sola scriptura, this is the guiding principle of the work of Luther and the later reformers. Because sola scriptura placed the Bib... | What is the second principle of Protestantism? | {
"text": [
"sola fide (by faith alone)"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} |
5731beafe17f3d1400422372 | Protestantism | The second main principle, sola fide (by faith alone), states that faith in Christ is sufficient alone for eternal salvation. Though argued from scripture, and hence logically consequent to sola scriptura, this is the guiding principle of the work of Luther and the later reformers. Because sola scriptura placed the Bib... | What was Luther's main principle? | {
"text": [
"sola fide (by faith alone)"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} |
5731beafe17f3d1400422373 | Protestantism | The second main principle, sola fide (by faith alone), states that faith in Christ is sufficient alone for eternal salvation. Though argued from scripture, and hence logically consequent to sola scriptura, this is the guiding principle of the work of Luther and the later reformers. Because sola scriptura placed the Bib... | What principle made the Bible the one source for teaching? | {
"text": [
"sola scriptura"
],
"answer_start": [
291
]
} |
5731beafe17f3d1400422374 | Protestantism | The second main principle, sola fide (by faith alone), states that faith in Christ is sufficient alone for eternal salvation. Though argued from scripture, and hence logically consequent to sola scriptura, this is the guiding principle of the work of Luther and the later reformers. Because sola scriptura placed the Bib... | What did reformers considered their beliefs to be, in terms of focus? | {
"text": [
"Christocentric"
],
"answer_start": [
576
]
} |
5731beafe17f3d1400422375 | Protestantism | The second main principle, sola fide (by faith alone), states that faith in Christ is sufficient alone for eternal salvation. Though argued from scripture, and hence logically consequent to sola scriptura, this is the guiding principle of the work of Luther and the later reformers. Because sola scriptura placed the Bib... | Faith can bring what eternal benefit? | {
"text": [
"salvation"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
} |
5731bfaae17f3d140042238d | Protestantism | The Protestant movement began to diverge into several distinct branches in the mid-to-late 16th century. One of the central points of divergence was controversy over the Eucharist. Early Protestants rejected the Roman Catholic dogma of transubstantiation, which teaches that the bread and wine used in the sacrificial ri... | When did Protestantism begin to split? | {
"text": [
"the mid-to-late 16th century"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} |
5731bfaae17f3d140042238e | Protestantism | The Protestant movement began to diverge into several distinct branches in the mid-to-late 16th century. One of the central points of divergence was controversy over the Eucharist. Early Protestants rejected the Roman Catholic dogma of transubstantiation, which teaches that the bread and wine used in the sacrificial ri... | What was one of the main causes of the split in Protestantism? | {
"text": [
"controversy over the Eucharist"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} |
5731bfaae17f3d140042238f | Protestantism | The Protestant movement began to diverge into several distinct branches in the mid-to-late 16th century. One of the central points of divergence was controversy over the Eucharist. Early Protestants rejected the Roman Catholic dogma of transubstantiation, which teaches that the bread and wine used in the sacrificial ri... | What Catholic belief did early Protestants not agree with? | {
"text": [
"transubstantiation"
],
"answer_start": [
236
]
} |
5731bfaae17f3d1400422390 | Protestantism | The Protestant movement began to diverge into several distinct branches in the mid-to-late 16th century. One of the central points of divergence was controversy over the Eucharist. Early Protestants rejected the Roman Catholic dogma of transubstantiation, which teaches that the bread and wine used in the sacrificial ri... | What two substances are used in a Catholic Mass? | {
"text": [
"bread and wine"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
5731bfaae17f3d1400422391 | Protestantism | The Protestant movement began to diverge into several distinct branches in the mid-to-late 16th century. One of the central points of divergence was controversy over the Eucharist. Early Protestants rejected the Roman Catholic dogma of transubstantiation, which teaches that the bread and wine used in the sacrificial ri... | Whose body and blood is considered present in Holy Communion? | {
"text": [
"Christ"
],
"answer_start": [
496
]
} |
5731c09db9d445190005e50b | Protestantism | In the late 1130s, Arnold of Brescia, an Italian canon regular became one of the first theologians to attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church. After his death, his teachings on apostolic poverty gained currency among Arnoldists, and later more widely among Waldensians and the Spiritual Franciscans, though no writte... | Who was one of the first to try to reform the Catholic Church? | {
"text": [
"Arnold of Brescia"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
5731c09db9d445190005e50c | Protestantism | In the late 1130s, Arnold of Brescia, an Italian canon regular became one of the first theologians to attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church. After his death, his teachings on apostolic poverty gained currency among Arnoldists, and later more widely among Waldensians and the Spiritual Franciscans, though no writte... | When were the Waldensians created? | {
"text": [
"the early 1170s"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
} |
5731c09db9d445190005e50d | Protestantism | In the late 1130s, Arnold of Brescia, an Italian canon regular became one of the first theologians to attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church. After his death, his teachings on apostolic poverty gained currency among Arnoldists, and later more widely among Waldensians and the Spiritual Franciscans, though no writte... | In what year were the Waldensians labeled as heretics? | {
"text": [
"1215"
],
"answer_start": [
533
]
} |
5731c09db9d445190005e50e | Protestantism | In the late 1130s, Arnold of Brescia, an Italian canon regular became one of the first theologians to attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church. After his death, his teachings on apostolic poverty gained currency among Arnoldists, and later more widely among Waldensians and the Spiritual Franciscans, though no writte... | Where does the Waldensian movement still exist currently? | {
"text": [
"Italy"
],
"answer_start": [
668
]
} |
5731c09db9d445190005e50f | Protestantism | In the late 1130s, Arnold of Brescia, an Italian canon regular became one of the first theologians to attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church. After his death, his teachings on apostolic poverty gained currency among Arnoldists, and later more widely among Waldensians and the Spiritual Franciscans, though no writte... | What teachings originated with Arnold of Brescia? | {
"text": [
"apostolic poverty"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} |
5731c670b9d445190005e529 | Protestantism | Beginning in first decade of the 15th century, Jan Hus—a Roman Catholic priest, Czech reformist and professor—influenced by John Wycliffe's writings, founded the Hussite movement. He strongly advocated his reformist Bohemian religious denomination. He was excommunicated and burned at the stake in Constance, Bishopric o... | Who started the Hussite movement? | {
"text": [
"Jan Hus"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} |
5731c670b9d445190005e52a | Protestantism | Beginning in first decade of the 15th century, Jan Hus—a Roman Catholic priest, Czech reformist and professor—influenced by John Wycliffe's writings, founded the Hussite movement. He strongly advocated his reformist Bohemian religious denomination. He was excommunicated and burned at the stake in Constance, Bishopric o... | Whose words were an inspiration for Jan Hus? | {
"text": [
"John Wycliffe"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} |
5731c670b9d445190005e52b | Protestantism | Beginning in first decade of the 15th century, Jan Hus—a Roman Catholic priest, Czech reformist and professor—influenced by John Wycliffe's writings, founded the Hussite movement. He strongly advocated his reformist Bohemian religious denomination. He was excommunicated and burned at the stake in Constance, Bishopric o... | How many crusades were waged against the Hussites? | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"answer_start": [
459
]
} |
5731c670b9d445190005e52c | Protestantism | Beginning in first decade of the 15th century, Jan Hus—a Roman Catholic priest, Czech reformist and professor—influenced by John Wycliffe's writings, founded the Hussite movement. He strongly advocated his reformist Bohemian religious denomination. He was excommunicated and burned at the stake in Constance, Bishopric o... | Who called the crusades against the Hussites? | {
"text": [
"the Pope"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} |
5731c670b9d445190005e52d | Protestantism | Beginning in first decade of the 15th century, Jan Hus—a Roman Catholic priest, Czech reformist and professor—influenced by John Wycliffe's writings, founded the Hussite movement. He strongly advocated his reformist Bohemian religious denomination. He was excommunicated and burned at the stake in Constance, Bishopric o... | How did Jan Hus die? | {
"text": [
"burned at the stake"
],
"answer_start": [
275
]
} |
5731c7ade17f3d14004223d7 | Protestantism | On 31 October 1517, Martin Luther supposedly nailed his 95 theses against the selling of indulgences at the door of the All Saints', the Castle Church in Wittenberg. The theses debated and criticised the Church and the papacy, but concentrated upon the selling of indulgences and doctrinal policies about purgatory, part... | When did Martin Luther attach his 95 theses on the door of the church? | {
"text": [
"31 October 1517"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
5731c7ade17f3d14004223d8 | Protestantism | On 31 October 1517, Martin Luther supposedly nailed his 95 theses against the selling of indulgences at the door of the All Saints', the Castle Church in Wittenberg. The theses debated and criticised the Church and the papacy, but concentrated upon the selling of indulgences and doctrinal policies about purgatory, part... | What did the theses argue against selling? | {
"text": [
"indulgences"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} |
5731c7ade17f3d14004223d9 | Protestantism | On 31 October 1517, Martin Luther supposedly nailed his 95 theses against the selling of indulgences at the door of the All Saints', the Castle Church in Wittenberg. The theses debated and criticised the Church and the papacy, but concentrated upon the selling of indulgences and doctrinal policies about purgatory, part... | What Catholic devotion would Martin Luther write about after the 95 theses/ | {
"text": [
"Virgin Mary"
],
"answer_start": [
423
]
} |
5731c7ade17f3d14004223da | Protestantism | On 31 October 1517, Martin Luther supposedly nailed his 95 theses against the selling of indulgences at the door of the All Saints', the Castle Church in Wittenberg. The theses debated and criticised the Church and the papacy, but concentrated upon the selling of indulgences and doctrinal policies about purgatory, part... | Where was All Saints' Church? | {
"text": [
"Wittenberg"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} |
5731c7ade17f3d14004223db | Protestantism | On 31 October 1517, Martin Luther supposedly nailed his 95 theses against the selling of indulgences at the door of the All Saints', the Castle Church in Wittenberg. The theses debated and criticised the Church and the papacy, but concentrated upon the selling of indulgences and doctrinal policies about purgatory, part... | Who did Martin Luther criticize in the 95 theses? | {
"text": [
"the Church and the papacy"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
} |
5731c848b9d445190005e53d | Protestantism | Following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere. After the expulsion of its Bishop in 1526, and the unsuccessful ... | Who condemned the Reformation? | {
"text": [
"the Pope"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} |
5731c848b9d445190005e53e | Protestantism | Following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere. After the expulsion of its Bishop in 1526, and the unsuccessful ... | Who wrote the Ordinances of 1541? | {
"text": [
"John Calvin"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} |
5731c848b9d445190005e53f | Protestantism | Following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere. After the expulsion of its Bishop in 1526, and the unsuccessful ... | What city became the unofficial capital of the Protestant movement? | {
"text": [
"Geneva"
],
"answer_start": [
691
]
} |
5731c848b9d445190005e540 | Protestantism | Following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere. After the expulsion of its Bishop in 1526, and the unsuccessful ... | What type of missionaries were taught in Geneva? | {
"text": [
"Calvinist"
],
"answer_start": [
838
]
} |
5731c848b9d445190005e541 | Protestantism | Following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere. After the expulsion of its Bishop in 1526, and the unsuccessful ... | When did John Calvin die? | {
"text": [
"1563"
],
"answer_start": [
916
]
} |
5731c971e17f3d14004223e1 | Protestantism | Protestantism also spread from the German lands into France, where the Protestants were nicknamed Huguenots. Calvin continued to take an interest in the French religious affairs from his base in Geneva. He regularly trained pastors to lead congregations there. Despite heavy persecution, the Reformed tradition made stea... | What was the nickname for French Protestants? | {
"text": [
"Huguenots"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} |
5731c971e17f3d14004223e2 | Protestantism | Protestantism also spread from the German lands into France, where the Protestants were nicknamed Huguenots. Calvin continued to take an interest in the French religious affairs from his base in Geneva. He regularly trained pastors to lead congregations there. Despite heavy persecution, the Reformed tradition made stea... | What did the French find alienating about Catholicism? | {
"text": [
"the obduracy and the complacency of the Catholic establishment"
],
"answer_start": [
402
]
} |
5731c971e17f3d14004223e3 | Protestantism | Protestantism also spread from the German lands into France, where the Protestants were nicknamed Huguenots. Calvin continued to take an interest in the French religious affairs from his base in Geneva. He regularly trained pastors to lead congregations there. Despite heavy persecution, the Reformed tradition made stea... | When were French nobles converted to Protestantism? | {
"text": [
"the 1550s"
],
"answer_start": [
599
]
} |
5731c971e17f3d14004223e4 | Protestantism | Protestantism also spread from the German lands into France, where the Protestants were nicknamed Huguenots. Calvin continued to take an interest in the French religious affairs from his base in Geneva. He regularly trained pastors to lead congregations there. Despite heavy persecution, the Reformed tradition made stea... | Whose death caused an increase in the French civil wars? | {
"text": [
"Henry II"
],
"answer_start": [
765
]
} |
5731c971e17f3d14004223e5 | Protestantism | Protestantism also spread from the German lands into France, where the Protestants were nicknamed Huguenots. Calvin continued to take an interest in the French religious affairs from his base in Geneva. He regularly trained pastors to lead congregations there. Despite heavy persecution, the Reformed tradition made stea... | When was the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre? | {
"text": [
"August 1572"
],
"answer_start": [
938
]
} |
5731ca8be17f3d14004223ff | Protestantism | Parallel to events in Germany, a movement began in Switzerland under the leadership of Huldrych Zwingli. Zwingli was a scholar and preacher, who in 1518 moved to Zurich. Although the two movements agreed on many issues of theology, some unresolved differences kept them separate. A long-standing resentment between the G... | Who began the Protestant movement in Switzerland? | {
"text": [
"Huldrych Zwingli"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} |
5731ca8be17f3d1400422400 | Protestantism | Parallel to events in Germany, a movement began in Switzerland under the leadership of Huldrych Zwingli. Zwingli was a scholar and preacher, who in 1518 moved to Zurich. Although the two movements agreed on many issues of theology, some unresolved differences kept them separate. A long-standing resentment between the G... | Which two areas had a long history of resentment? | {
"text": [
"the German states and the Swiss Confederation"
],
"answer_start": [
315
]
} |
5731ca8be17f3d1400422401 | Protestantism | Parallel to events in Germany, a movement began in Switzerland under the leadership of Huldrych Zwingli. Zwingli was a scholar and preacher, who in 1518 moved to Zurich. Although the two movements agreed on many issues of theology, some unresolved differences kept them separate. A long-standing resentment between the G... | What was the name of the meeting to make an alliance between Zwingli and Luther? | {
"text": [
"the Colloquy of Marburg"
],
"answer_start": [
590
]
} |
5731ca8be17f3d1400422402 | Protestantism | Parallel to events in Germany, a movement began in Switzerland under the leadership of Huldrych Zwingli. Zwingli was a scholar and preacher, who in 1518 moved to Zurich. Although the two movements agreed on many issues of theology, some unresolved differences kept them separate. A long-standing resentment between the G... | What Prince hosted the Colloquy of Marburg? | {
"text": [
"Prince Philip of Hesse"
],
"answer_start": [
446
]
} |
5731ca8be17f3d1400422403 | Protestantism | Parallel to events in Germany, a movement began in Switzerland under the leadership of Huldrych Zwingli. Zwingli was a scholar and preacher, who in 1518 moved to Zurich. Although the two movements agreed on many issues of theology, some unresolved differences kept them separate. A long-standing resentment between the G... | What did the Colloquy of Marburg become infamous for? | {
"text": [
"its failure"
],
"answer_start": [
645
]
} |
5731cbb4b9d445190005e56b | Protestantism | The political separation of the Church of England from Rome under Henry VIII brought England alongside this broad Reformation movement. Reformers in the Church of England alternated between sympathies for ancient Catholic tradition and more Reformed principles, gradually developing into a tradition considered a middle ... | Under whose reign did the Church of England part from Rome? | {
"text": [
"Henry VIII"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} |
5731cbb4b9d445190005e56c | Protestantism | The political separation of the Church of England from Rome under Henry VIII brought England alongside this broad Reformation movement. Reformers in the Church of England alternated between sympathies for ancient Catholic tradition and more Reformed principles, gradually developing into a tradition considered a middle ... | When was the Act of Supremacy passed? | {
"text": [
"1534"
],
"answer_start": [
679
]
} |
5731cbb4b9d445190005e56d | Protestantism | The political separation of the Church of England from Rome under Henry VIII brought England alongside this broad Reformation movement. Reformers in the Church of England alternated between sympathies for ancient Catholic tradition and more Reformed principles, gradually developing into a tradition considered a middle ... | Who was made the Supreme Head of the Church of England in 1534? | {
"text": [
"King Henry"
],
"answer_start": [
597
]
} |
5731cbb4b9d445190005e56e | Protestantism | The political separation of the Church of England from Rome under Henry VIII brought England alongside this broad Reformation movement. Reformers in the Church of England alternated between sympathies for ancient Catholic tradition and more Reformed principles, gradually developing into a tradition considered a middle ... | What made Anglicanism into a more distinct tradition? | {
"text": [
"The Elizabethan Religious Settlement"
],
"answer_start": [
1039
]
} |
5731cbb4b9d445190005e56f | Protestantism | The political separation of the Church of England from Rome under Henry VIII brought England alongside this broad Reformation movement. Reformers in the Church of England alternated between sympathies for ancient Catholic tradition and more Reformed principles, gradually developing into a tradition considered a middle ... | In what years were the Dissolution of the Monasteries carried out? | {
"text": [
"Between 1535 and 1540"
],
"answer_start": [
783
]
} |
5731cc840fdd8d15006c6541 | Protestantism | The success of the Counter-Reformation on the Continent and the growth of a Puritan party dedicated to further Protestant reform polarised the Elizabethan Age. The early Puritan movement was a movement for reform in the Church of England. The desire was for the Church of England to resemble more closely the Protestant ... | The growth of Puritanism happened during what age? | {
"text": [
"the Elizabethan Age"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
5731cc840fdd8d15006c6542 | Protestantism | The success of the Counter-Reformation on the Continent and the growth of a Puritan party dedicated to further Protestant reform polarised the Elizabethan Age. The early Puritan movement was a movement for reform in the Church of England. The desire was for the Church of England to resemble more closely the Protestant ... | The Puritan movement worked on reforming what church? | {
"text": [
"the Church of England"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
5731cc840fdd8d15006c6543 | Protestantism | The success of the Counter-Reformation on the Continent and the growth of a Puritan party dedicated to further Protestant reform polarised the Elizabethan Age. The early Puritan movement was a movement for reform in the Church of England. The desire was for the Church of England to resemble more closely the Protestant ... | What did the Puritans want the Church of England to emulate? | {
"text": [
"the Protestant churches of Europe"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
} |
5731cc840fdd8d15006c6544 | Protestantism | The success of the Counter-Reformation on the Continent and the growth of a Puritan party dedicated to further Protestant reform polarised the Elizabethan Age. The early Puritan movement was a movement for reform in the Church of England. The desire was for the Church of England to resemble more closely the Protestant ... | What was another name for the later Puritan movement? | {
"text": [
"dissenters and nonconformists"
],
"answer_start": [
408
]
} |
5731cc840fdd8d15006c6545 | Protestantism | The success of the Counter-Reformation on the Continent and the growth of a Puritan party dedicated to further Protestant reform polarised the Elizabethan Age. The early Puritan movement was a movement for reform in the Church of England. The desire was for the Church of England to resemble more closely the Protestant ... | What did the later Puritan movement create? | {
"text": [
"various Reformed denominations"
],
"answer_start": [
474
]
} |
5731cd690fdd8d15006c6553 | Protestantism | The Scottish Reformation of 1560 decisively shaped the Church of Scotland. The Reformation in Scotland culminated ecclesiastically in the establishment of a church along Reformed lines, and politically in the triumph of English influence over that of France. John Knox is regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformati... | When was the Scottish Reformation? | {
"text": [
"1560"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} |
5731cd690fdd8d15006c6554 | Protestantism | The Scottish Reformation of 1560 decisively shaped the Church of Scotland. The Reformation in Scotland culminated ecclesiastically in the establishment of a church along Reformed lines, and politically in the triumph of English influence over that of France. John Knox is regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformati... | The Scottish Reformation decreased what country's influence? | {
"text": [
"France"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} |
5731cd690fdd8d15006c6555 | Protestantism | The Scottish Reformation of 1560 decisively shaped the Church of Scotland. The Reformation in Scotland culminated ecclesiastically in the establishment of a church along Reformed lines, and politically in the triumph of English influence over that of France. John Knox is regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformati... | Who was the leader of the Scottish Reformation? | {
"text": [
"John Knox"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
5731cd690fdd8d15006c6556 | Protestantism | The Scottish Reformation of 1560 decisively shaped the Church of Scotland. The Reformation in Scotland culminated ecclesiastically in the establishment of a church along Reformed lines, and politically in the triumph of English influence over that of France. John Knox is regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformati... | Whose regime made possible the Scottish Reformation? | {
"text": [
"Mary of Guise"
],
"answer_start": [
611
]
} |
5731cd690fdd8d15006c6557 | Protestantism | The Scottish Reformation of 1560 decisively shaped the Church of Scotland. The Reformation in Scotland culminated ecclesiastically in the establishment of a church along Reformed lines, and politically in the triumph of English influence over that of France. John Knox is regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformati... | When was the Papal Jurisdiction Act passed? | {
"text": [
"1560"
],
"answer_start": [
430
]
} |
5731ce3ab9d445190005e575 | Protestantism | In the course of this religious upheaval, the German Peasants' War of 1524–25 swept through the Bavarian, Thuringian and Swabian principalities. After the Eighty Years' War in the Low Countries and the French Wars of Religion, the confessional division of the states of the Holy Roman Empire eventually erupted in the Th... | When was the German Peasants' War? | {
"text": [
"1524–25"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
5731ce3ab9d445190005e576 | Protestantism | In the course of this religious upheaval, the German Peasants' War of 1524–25 swept through the Bavarian, Thuringian and Swabian principalities. After the Eighty Years' War in the Low Countries and the French Wars of Religion, the confessional division of the states of the Holy Roman Empire eventually erupted in the Th... | What war was waged from 1618 to 1648? | {
"text": [
"the Thirty Years' War"
],
"answer_start": [
314
]
} |
5731ce3ab9d445190005e577 | Protestantism | In the course of this religious upheaval, the German Peasants' War of 1524–25 swept through the Bavarian, Thuringian and Swabian principalities. After the Eighty Years' War in the Low Countries and the French Wars of Religion, the confessional division of the states of the Holy Roman Empire eventually erupted in the Th... | How much was the German population reduced during the Thirty Years' War? | {
"text": [
"between 25% and 40%"
],
"answer_start": [
398
]
} |
5731ce3ab9d445190005e578 | Protestantism | In the course of this religious upheaval, the German Peasants' War of 1524–25 swept through the Bavarian, Thuringian and Swabian principalities. After the Eighty Years' War in the Low Countries and the French Wars of Religion, the confessional division of the states of the Holy Roman Empire eventually erupted in the Th... | What treaty ended the Thirty Years' War? | {
"text": [
"the Peace of Westphalia"
],
"answer_start": [
456
]
} |
5731ce3ab9d445190005e579 | Protestantism | In the course of this religious upheaval, the German Peasants' War of 1524–25 swept through the Bavarian, Thuringian and Swabian principalities. After the Eighty Years' War in the Low Countries and the French Wars of Religion, the confessional division of the states of the Holy Roman Empire eventually erupted in the Th... | Where was the German Peasants' War? | {
"text": [
"the Bavarian, Thuringian and Swabian principalities"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} |
5731cf05e17f3d1400422447 | Protestantism | The First Great Awakening was an evangelical and revitalization movement that swept through Protestant Europe and British America, especially the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American Protestantism. It resulted from powerful preaching that gave listeners a sense of deep person... | What movement occurred during the 1730's and 1740's? | {
"text": [
"The First Great Awakening"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
5731cf05e17f3d1400422448 | Protestantism | The First Great Awakening was an evangelical and revitalization movement that swept through Protestant Europe and British America, especially the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American Protestantism. It resulted from powerful preaching that gave listeners a sense of deep person... | What movement made a permanent mark on Protestantism in the U.S.? | {
"text": [
"The First Great Awakening"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
5731d317e99e3014001e6308 | Protestantism | The Second Great Awakening began around 1790. It gained momentum by 1800. After 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations, whose preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the late 1840s. It has been described as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism, although why ... | When did the Second Great Awakening start? | {
"text": [
"around 1790"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} |
5731d317e99e3014001e6309 | Protestantism | The Second Great Awakening began around 1790. It gained momentum by 1800. After 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations, whose preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the late 1840s. It has been described as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism, although why ... | Which congregations joined the Second Great Awakening the most after 1820? | {
"text": [
"Baptist and Methodist"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} |
5731d317e99e3014001e630a | Protestantism | The Second Great Awakening began around 1790. It gained momentum by 1800. After 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations, whose preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the late 1840s. It has been described as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism, although why ... | When did the Second Great Awakening lose momentum? | {
"text": [
"by the late 1840s"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
5731d317e99e3014001e630b | Protestantism | The Second Great Awakening began around 1790. It gained momentum by 1800. After 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations, whose preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the late 1840s. It has been described as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism, although why ... | What did the Second Great Awakening create? | {
"text": [
"the formation of new denominations"
],
"answer_start": [
496
]
} |
5731d317e99e3014001e630c | Protestantism | The Second Great Awakening began around 1790. It gained momentum by 1800. After 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations, whose preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the late 1840s. It has been described as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism, although why ... | What was the Second Great Awakening a reaction against? | {
"text": [
"skepticism, deism, and rationalism"
],
"answer_start": [
271
]
} |
5731d461e17f3d1400422467 | Protestantism | The Third Great Awakening refers to a hypothetical historical period that was marked by religious activism in American history and spans the late 1850s to the early 20th century. It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism. It gathered strength from the postmillennial beli... | When was the Third Great Awakening? | {
"text": [
"the late 1850s to the early 20th century"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
5731d461e17f3d1400422468 | Protestantism | The Third Great Awakening refers to a hypothetical historical period that was marked by religious activism in American history and spans the late 1850s to the early 20th century. It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism. It gathered strength from the postmillennial beli... | What denominations did the Third Great Awakening affect? | {
"text": [
"pietistic Protestant denominations"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
5731d461e17f3d1400422469 | Protestantism | The Third Great Awakening refers to a hypothetical historical period that was marked by religious activism in American history and spans the late 1850s to the early 20th century. It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism. It gathered strength from the postmillennial beli... | What movement was affiliated with the Third Great Awakening? | {
"text": [
"the Social Gospel Movement"
],
"answer_start": [
436
]
} |
5731d461e17f3d140042246a | Protestantism | The Third Great Awakening refers to a hypothetical historical period that was marked by religious activism in American history and spans the late 1850s to the early 20th century. It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism. It gathered strength from the postmillennial beli... | What other movement gained its force from the Third Great Awakening? | {
"text": [
"the worldwide missionary movement"
],
"answer_start": [
556
]
} |
5731d461e17f3d140042246b | Protestantism | The Third Great Awakening refers to a hypothetical historical period that was marked by religious activism in American history and spans the late 1850s to the early 20th century. It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism. It gathered strength from the postmillennial beli... | What new groups were formed as a result of the Third Great Awakening? | {
"text": [
"the Holiness, Nazarene, and Christian Science movements"
],
"answer_start": [
622
]
} |
5731d56fe17f3d1400422471 | Protestantism | A noteworthy development in 20th-century Protestant Christianity was the rise of the modern Pentecostal movement. Sprung from Methodist and Wesleyan roots, it arose out of meetings at an urban mission on Azusa Street in Los Angeles. From there it spread around the world, carried by those who experienced what they belie... | What modern movement began in the 20th century? | {
"text": [
"the modern Pentecostal movement"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} |
5731d56fe17f3d1400422472 | Protestantism | A noteworthy development in 20th-century Protestant Christianity was the rise of the modern Pentecostal movement. Sprung from Methodist and Wesleyan roots, it arose out of meetings at an urban mission on Azusa Street in Los Angeles. From there it spread around the world, carried by those who experienced what they belie... | What were the roots of the modern Pentecostal movement? | {
"text": [
"Methodist and Wesleyan"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
5731d56fe17f3d1400422473 | Protestantism | A noteworthy development in 20th-century Protestant Christianity was the rise of the modern Pentecostal movement. Sprung from Methodist and Wesleyan roots, it arose out of meetings at an urban mission on Azusa Street in Los Angeles. From there it spread around the world, carried by those who experienced what they belie... | What movement did Pentecostalism create? | {
"text": [
"the Charismatic movement"
],
"answer_start": [
532
]
} |
5731d56fe17f3d1400422474 | Protestantism | A noteworthy development in 20th-century Protestant Christianity was the rise of the modern Pentecostal movement. Sprung from Methodist and Wesleyan roots, it arose out of meetings at an urban mission on Azusa Street in Los Angeles. From there it spread around the world, carried by those who experienced what they belie... | In what city did the modern Pentecostal movement begin? | {
"text": [
"Los Angeles"
],
"answer_start": [
220
]
} |
5731d56fe17f3d1400422475 | Protestantism | A noteworthy development in 20th-century Protestant Christianity was the rise of the modern Pentecostal movement. Sprung from Methodist and Wesleyan roots, it arose out of meetings at an urban mission on Azusa Street in Los Angeles. From there it spread around the world, carried by those who experienced what they belie... | What type of mission was the birthplace of the modern Pentecostal movement? | {
"text": [
"urban"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
5731db10e99e3014001e634c | Protestantism | In the United States and elsewhere in the world, there has been a marked rise in the evangelical wing of Protestant denominations, especially those that are more exclusively evangelical, and a corresponding decline in the mainstream liberal churches. In the post–World War I era, Liberal Christianity was on the rise, an... | Where has there been a rise in evangelical Protestantism? | {
"text": [
"In the United States and elsewhere in the world"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
5731db10e99e3014001e634d | Protestantism | In the United States and elsewhere in the world, there has been a marked rise in the evangelical wing of Protestant denominations, especially those that are more exclusively evangelical, and a corresponding decline in the mainstream liberal churches. In the post–World War I era, Liberal Christianity was on the rise, an... | What type of churches have declined? | {
"text": [
"mainstream liberal churches"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} |
5731db10e99e3014001e634e | Protestantism | In the United States and elsewhere in the world, there has been a marked rise in the evangelical wing of Protestant denominations, especially those that are more exclusively evangelical, and a corresponding decline in the mainstream liberal churches. In the post–World War I era, Liberal Christianity was on the rise, an... | When did Liberal Christianity increase? | {
"text": [
"In the post–World War I era"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} |
5731db10e99e3014001e634f | Protestantism | In the United States and elsewhere in the world, there has been a marked rise in the evangelical wing of Protestant denominations, especially those that are more exclusively evangelical, and a corresponding decline in the mainstream liberal churches. In the post–World War I era, Liberal Christianity was on the rise, an... | When did conservative churches start to increase? | {
"text": [
"In the post–World War II era"
],
"answer_start": [
410
]
} |
5731db10e99e3014001e6350 | Protestantism | In the United States and elsewhere in the world, there has been a marked rise in the evangelical wing of Protestant denominations, especially those that are more exclusively evangelical, and a corresponding decline in the mainstream liberal churches. In the post–World War I era, Liberal Christianity was on the rise, an... | What type of evangelical churches are the most popular? | {
"text": [
"those that are more exclusively evangelical"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
5731dc25b9d445190005e5c7 | Protestantism | In Europe, there has been a general move away from religious observance and belief in Christian teachings and a move towards secularism. The Enlightenment is largely responsible for the spread of secularism. Several scholars have argued for a link between the rise of secularism and Protestantism, attributing it to the ... | What direction has Europe moved towards? | {
"text": [
"secularism"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} |
5731dc25b9d445190005e5c8 | Protestantism | In Europe, there has been a general move away from religious observance and belief in Christian teachings and a move towards secularism. The Enlightenment is largely responsible for the spread of secularism. Several scholars have argued for a link between the rise of secularism and Protestantism, attributing it to the ... | What caused the spread of secularism? | {
"text": [
"The Enlightenment"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
5731dc25b9d445190005e5c9 | Protestantism | In Europe, there has been a general move away from religious observance and belief in Christian teachings and a move towards secularism. The Enlightenment is largely responsible for the spread of secularism. Several scholars have argued for a link between the rise of secularism and Protestantism, attributing it to the ... | What areas have a higher rate of Christian observance? | {
"text": [
"North America, South America and Australia"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} |
5731dc25b9d445190005e5ca | Protestantism | In Europe, there has been a general move away from religious observance and belief in Christian teachings and a move towards secularism. The Enlightenment is largely responsible for the spread of secularism. Several scholars have argued for a link between the rise of secularism and Protestantism, attributing it to the ... | What country is more religious than other developed nations? | {
"text": [
"United States"
],
"answer_start": [
478
]
} |
5731dc25b9d445190005e5cb | Protestantism | In Europe, there has been a general move away from religious observance and belief in Christian teachings and a move towards secularism. The Enlightenment is largely responsible for the spread of secularism. Several scholars have argued for a link between the rise of secularism and Protestantism, attributing it to the ... | When did South America show an increase in Evangelicals? | {
"text": [
"the 20th and 21st centuries"
],
"answer_start": [
675
]
} |
5731dceee99e3014001e6364 | Protestantism | In the view of many associated with the Radical Reformation, the Magisterial Reformation had not gone far enough. Radical Reformer, Andreas von Bodenstein Karlstadt, for example, referred to the Lutheran theologians at Wittenberg as the "new papists". Since the term "magister" also means "teacher", the Magisterial Refo... | Which reformation was seen as not being effective enough? | {
"text": [
"the Magisterial Reformation"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
5731dceee99e3014001e6365 | Protestantism | In the view of many associated with the Radical Reformation, the Magisterial Reformation had not gone far enough. Radical Reformer, Andreas von Bodenstein Karlstadt, for example, referred to the Lutheran theologians at Wittenberg as the "new papists". Since the term "magister" also means "teacher", the Magisterial Refo... | What did Karlstadt call Lutheran theologians? | {
"text": [
"new papists"
],
"answer_start": [
238
]
} |
5731dceee99e3014001e6366 | Protestantism | In the view of many associated with the Radical Reformation, the Magisterial Reformation had not gone far enough. Radical Reformer, Andreas von Bodenstein Karlstadt, for example, referred to the Lutheran theologians at Wittenberg as the "new papists". Since the term "magister" also means "teacher", the Magisterial Refo... | What is another name for magister? | {
"text": [
"teacher"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} |
5731dceee99e3014001e6367 | Protestantism | In the view of many associated with the Radical Reformation, the Magisterial Reformation had not gone far enough. Radical Reformer, Andreas von Bodenstein Karlstadt, for example, referred to the Lutheran theologians at Wittenberg as the "new papists". Since the term "magister" also means "teacher", the Magisterial Refo... | What were reform movement leaders compared to? | {
"text": [
"Roman Popes"
],
"answer_start": [
643
]
} |
5731dceee99e3014001e6368 | Protestantism | In the view of many associated with the Radical Reformation, the Magisterial Reformation had not gone far enough. Radical Reformer, Andreas von Bodenstein Karlstadt, for example, referred to the Lutheran theologians at Wittenberg as the "new papists". Since the term "magister" also means "teacher", the Magisterial Refo... | What has been linked with pacifism? | {
"text": [
"Anabaptism"
],
"answer_start": [
777
]
} |
5731ddf6e99e3014001e636e | Protestantism | Protestants reject the Roman Catholic Church's doctrine that it is the one true church, believing in the invisible church, which consists of all who profess faith in Jesus Christ. Some Protestant denominations are less accepting of other denominations, and the basic orthodoxy of some is questioned by most of the others... | What type of church do Protestants believe in? | {
"text": [
"the invisible church"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} |
5731ddf6e99e3014001e636f | Protestantism | Protestants reject the Roman Catholic Church's doctrine that it is the one true church, believing in the invisible church, which consists of all who profess faith in Jesus Christ. Some Protestant denominations are less accepting of other denominations, and the basic orthodoxy of some is questioned by most of the others... | Who comprises the invisible church? | {
"text": [
"all who profess faith in Jesus Christ"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} |
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