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Botulinum toxin type A in pregnancy. QUESTION: My patient received 62 units of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) for facial lines. Two weeks later, she found out that she was pregnant. Will this cause any harm to her fetus? ANSWER: Botulinum toxin is not expected to be present in systemic circulation following proper intr... | Can botulism poisoning of a pregnant woman harm her fetus? | 554763f0f35db75526000002_001 | no |
DNA binding by epipodophyllotoxins and N-acyl anthracyclines: implications for mechanism of topoisomerase II inhibition. Previous evidence suggests that epipodophyllotoxins, such as etoposide and teniposide, and the N-acyl anthracycline AD41 inhibit topoisomerase II resealing even though they apparently do not bind to ... | Can DNA intercalators function as topoisomerase inhibitors? | 56c71cb65795f9a73e00000b_021 | yes |
Tbr1 haploinsufficiency impairs amygdalar axonal projections and results in cognitive abnormality. The neuron-specific transcription factor T-box brain 1 (TBR1) regulates brain development. Disruptive mutations in the TBR1 gene have been repeatedly identified in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Here, we ... | Is there any role of TBR1 in autism? | 58965ed478275d0c4a000010_005 | yes |
[Indications for steroid and tirilazad treatment in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage]. Tirilazad mesylate, a nonglucocorticoid 21-aminosteroid, has been used in two randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trials in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and in North America in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid h... | Is tirilazad effective for treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage? | 58ec72a4eda5a5767200000f_003 | no |
Diabetic hyperglycaemia activates CaMKII and arrhythmias by O-linked glycosylation. Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is an enzyme with important regulatory functions in the heart and brain, and its chronic activation can be pathological. CaMKII activation is seen in heart failure, and can directly... | Is Calcium/Calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) involved in cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure? | 5502abd1e9bde69634000008_003 | yes |
Targeting miR-21 for the therapy of pancreatic cancer. Despite tremendous efforts worldwide from clinicians and cancer scientists, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) remains a deadly disease for which no cure is available. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key actors in carcinogenesis and we demonstrated... | Is miR-21 related to carcinogenesis? | 511a4ec01159fa8212000004_019 | yes |
Genomic regulatory blocks underlie extensive microsynteny conservation in insects. Insect genomes contain larger blocks of conserved gene order (microsynteny) than would be expected under a random breakage model of chromosome evolution. We present evidence that microsynteny has been retained to keep large arrays of hig... | Do Conserved noncoding elements act as enhancers? | 5139ec51bee46bd34c000006_006 | yes |
[Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease]. Passive anti-beta-amyloid (Aß) immunotherapy has been shown to clear brain Aß deposits. Results from phase III clinical trials in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with two monoclonal antibodies bapineuzumab and solanezumab and intravenous immunoglobulin have be... | Is Solanezumab effective for Alzheimer's Disease? | 5a70e1d999e2c3af26000007_001 | no |
Citrullination of collagen II affects integrin-mediated cell adhesion in a receptor-specific manner. Citrullinated collagen II (CII) is a well-known autoantigen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the direct effects of CII citrullination on cell behavior have not been described. To study whether citrullination of CI... | Has protein citrullination been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis? | 54d796f93706e8952800001e_010 | yes |
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome is a severe childhood epilepsy syndrome characterised by the diagnostic triad of a slow spike and wave pattern on electroencephalogram, multiple seizure types and developmental delay. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a synd... | Is Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome usually diagnosed in older adults? | 58dbb4f08acda3452900001a_004 | no |
[Miller Fisher syndrome: review of the literature and presentation of 2 cases]. Miller Fisher Syndrome (MFS), which is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and tendon areflexia, is generally considered as a clinical variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome. However some features of the disease are still debated, particul... | Is the Miller-Fisher syndrome considered to be a variant of Guillain-Barré? | 571f59cd0fd6f91b68000008_009 | yes |
Dietary patterns and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes in a prospective cohort of women. BACKGROUND: The impact of overall dietary patterns that reflect actual eating behaviors on mortality caused by cardiovascular or other chronic diseases is largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We... | Does prudent diet reduce cardiovascular risk? | 53319653d6d3ac6a3400003e_005 | yes |
Subgroups in autism: are there behavioural phenotypes typical of underlying medical conditions? Fifty-nine cases with infantile autism/autistic disorder were subclassified according to associated medical condition (fragile-X, tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, hypo-melanosis of Ito, Moebius syndrome, Rett syndrome,... | Is autism one of the characteristics of Moebius syndrome? | 5727b6410fd6f91b6800001b_004 | yes |
Nucleosome Organization in Human Embryonic Stem Cells. The fundamental repeating unit of eukaryotic chromatin is the nucleosome. Besides being involved in packaging DNA, nucleosome organization plays an important role in transcriptional regulation and cellular identity. Currently, there is much debate about the major d... | Is DNA methylation correlated with nucleosome occupancy? | 5a43a214966455904c000009_006 | yes |
Treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Despite the efforts of many workers, the cause and therapy has not been clarified. We carried out the therapeutic trial of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from January, 1979 to January, 1983.... | Is there any data to suggest that TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) administration can improve symptom severity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients? | 54d76ac63706e89528000016_008 | yes |
Replication of SV40 minichromosomes in vitro. We operationally define two forms of SV40 minichromosomes, a 75S-form, prepared at low salt concentration, referred to as native minichromosomes, and a 50S-form, obtained after treatment with 0.5 M potassium acetate, the salt-treated minichromosomes. Both preparations of mi... | Are hepadnaviral minichromosomes free of nucleosomes? | 58e3d1743e8b6dc87c000001_004 | no |
Metastatic melanoma in an esophagus demonstrating Barrett esophagus with high grade dysplasia. BACKGROUND: Metastatic melanoma involving the esophagus is rare; the occurrence of metastatic melanoma in a background of Barrett esophagus is rarer still. We report a case of an 80 year-old male who presented to our institut... | Are BRAF mutations common in melanoma? | 5512c91b6a8cde6b7200000b_034 | yes |
Carpal tunnel syndrome after epiphysiolysis of the distal radius in a 5-year-old child. Case report. Carpal tunnel syndrome after fracture of the distal radius is a well known complication in adults, but in small children carpal tunnel syndrome is extremely rare. A case of carpal tunnel syndrome in a 5-year-old girl is... | Can radius fracture cause carpal tunnel syndrome? | 5a72284b2dc08e987e000001_005 | yes |
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors suppress UV-induced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Gene expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is induced not only by trans activation mediated through a gene product (tat) encoded by the virus but also by t... | Is poly (ADP- ribosylation) involved in transcriptional control? | 53380000d6d3ac6a34000059_000 | yes |
Mowat-Wilson syndrome in a Moroccan consanguineous family. Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a mental retardation-multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by a typical facies, developmental delay, epilepsy, and variable congenital malformations, including Hirschsprung disease, urogenital anomalies, congenital heart di... | Is corpus callosum involved in the Mowat–Wilson syndrome? | 5314896adae131f847000001_015 | yes |
Targeting a novel bone degradation pathway in primary bone cancer by inactivation of the collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180. In osteosarcoma, a primary mesenchymal bone cancer occurring predominantly in younger patients, invasive tumour growth leads to extensive bone destruction. This process is insufficiently understood... | Are osteoclasts specialized in bone degradation? | 5aa82180d6d6b54f79000015_004 | yes |
Mitochondrial estrogen receptor β inhibits cell apoptosis via interaction with Bad in a ligand-independent manner. Previous studies reported that estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is localized to mitochondria, whereas little is known about the physiological functions of mitochondrial ERβ. In the present study, we explored the ... | Can the apoptosis regulator BAX trigger the release of cytochrome c? | 5717bacacb4ef8864c00000d_002 | yes |
Neurovascular complications of cocaine. Use of cocaine in the USA, has reached epidemic proportions since 1983, when "crack" was introduced, its higher potency compared with cocaine HCl has been associated with a tremendous increase in the incidence of strokes. This study reports our experience with 55 cases of neurova... | Is cocaine use associated with increased risk for intracerebral hemorrhage? | 5159b990d24251bc050000a3_005 | yes |
Tretinoin and cutaneous photoaging. Guaranteed adverse effects! * A cream containing 0.05% tretinoin (Retinova((R)) is approved for treatment of sun-induced skin damage ("photoaging").* Three trials comparing tretinoin with the excipient show that the effects of tretinoin cream are at best limited and slow to occur. Fu... | Is tretinoin effective for photoaging? | 5a68f2bab750ff4455000017_004 | yes |
A case of Pendred's syndrome presenting with amenorrhea. Pendred's syndrome is manifested by congenital sensorineural deafness in association with familial goiter due to defective organic binding of iodine in the thyroid gland. The majority of patients with Pendred's syndrome are euthyroid. We report on an unusual case... | Do patients with Pendred syndrome present congenital deafness? | 56d8b27651531f7e33000003_017 | yes |
Genomic analysis of non-NF2 meningiomas reveals mutations in TRAF7, KLF4, AKT1, and SMO. We report genomic analysis of 300 meningiomas, the most common primary brain tumors, leading to the discovery of mutations in TRAF7, a proapoptotic E3 ubiquitin ligase, in nearly one-fourth of all meningiomas. Mutations in TRAF7 co... | Do mutations of AKT1 occur in meningiomas? | 56bf365eef6e39474100000e_003 | yes |
Glutamate dehydrogenase: a reliable marker of liver cell necrosis in the alcoholic. The usefulness of blood enzyme determinations as markers of liver necrosis was tested in 100 alcoholics who underwent biopsy during clinical investigation. Mean values of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), serum aspartate and alanine transf... | SGOT is an abbreviation for an enzyme other wise known as alanine amino transferase, yes or no? | 5a67b48cb750ff4455000010_003 | no |
Selective autophagy regulates insertional mutagenesis by the Ty1 retrotransposon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Macroautophagy (autophagy) is a bulk degradation system for cytoplasmic components and is ubiquitously found in eukaryotic cells. Autophagy is induced under starvation conditions and plays a cytoprotective role... | Is macroautophagy a selective degradation process? | 51bedaac3148fdcc22da7188_003 | yes |
Methylation of histone H4 lysine 20 by PR-Set7 ensures the integrity of late replicating sequence domains in Drosophila. The methylation state of lysine 20 on histone H4 (H4K20) has been linked to chromatin compaction, transcription, DNA repair and DNA replication. Monomethylation of H4K20 (H4K20me1) is mediated by the... | Is H4K20 methylation associated with DNA replication? | 58adbe999ef3c34033000005_003 | yes |
Contrasting chromatin organization of CpG islands and exons in the human genome. BACKGROUND: CpG islands and nucleosome-free regions are both found in promoters. However, their association has never been studied. On the other hand, DNA methylation is absent in promoters but is enriched in gene bodies. Intragenic nucleo... | Is DNA methylation correlated with nucleosome occupancy? | 5a43a214966455904c000009_011 | yes |
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is associated with severe sepsis and fatal disease in emergency room patients with suspected infection: a prospective cohort study. BACKGROUND: Early diagnostic and prognostic stratification of patients with suspected infection is a difficult clinical challenge. We studied plasma pentraxin 3 (PTX3) u... | Can Pentraxin 3 predict outcomes of sepsis? | 5890eb22621ea6ff7e000006_003 | yes |
Phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase modulates the structural coupling between the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of phospholamban. We have used frequency-domain fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the structural linkage between the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of the regulatory protein pho... | Is phospholamban phosphorylated by Protein kinase A? | 54da0c524b1fd0d33c00000b_016 | yes |
Reciprocal regulation of microRNA-1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 signal transduction cascade in cardiac and skeletal muscle in physiological and pathological conditions. BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are small conserved RNA molecules of 22 nucleotides that negatively modulate gene expression primarily through... | Is micro RNA 1 (miR-1) implicated in cardiac arrhythmias? | 54f4627e64850a5854000007_007 | yes |
[Infantile hemangioma and propranolol: a therapeutic "revolution". Literature review]. Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign vascular tumour affecting children. Most infantile hemangiomas are self-limiting, but some require specific treatment. Propranolol has been proposed for the treatment of infantile h... | Is propranolol used for treatment of infantile hemangioma? | 5a67a72fb750ff445500000a_001 | yes |
An enigmatic trio of Klinefelter's syndrome, autoimmune hypothyroidism and nephrotic syndrome. Klinefelter's syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder associated with testicular dysfunction and male infertility. Those affected by Klinefelter's syndrome are at increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus, breas... | Is there an association between Klinefelter syndrome and breast cancer? | 5a68eabab750ff4455000015_008 | yes |
Evaluation of permanent alopecia in pediatric medulloblastoma patients treated with proton radiation. BACKGROUND: To precisely calculate skin dose and thus to evaluate the relationship between the skin dose and permanent alopecia for pediatric medulloblastoma patients treated with proton beams. METHODS: The dosimetry a... | Is there a role of proton beam therapy in medulloblastoma treatment? | 58850ac7e56acf5176000012_006 | yes |
Role of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 genes in juvenile idiopathic epilepsy in Arabian foals. Juvenile idiopathic epilepsy (JIE) in Arabian foals resembles benign-familial neonatal convulsion (BFNC) syndrome, a rare idiopathic epilepsy of new-born humans. BFNC syndrome exhibits genetic heterogeneity, as has been hypothesised to occu... | Is the protein KCNQ2 associated with idiopathic epilepsy? | 56c30ce99d3e5f1412000002_007 | yes |
Epigenomic alterations define lethal CIMP-positive ependymomas of infancy. Ependymomas are common childhood brain tumours that occur throughout the nervous system, but are most common in the paediatric hindbrain. Current standard therapy comprises surgery and radiation, but not cytotoxic chemotherapy as it does not fur... | Is a CpG island methylator phenotype involved in ependymomas? | 5a86fd5bfaa1ab7d2e00003b_001 | yes |
Promoter regulation by distinct mechanisms of functional interplay between lysine acetylase Rtt109 and histone chaperone Asf1. The promoter activity of yeast genes can depend on lysine 56 (K56) acetylation of histone H3. This modification of H3 is performed by lysine acetylase Rtt109 acting in concert with histone chap... | Does the histone chaperone ASF1 interact with histones H1/H2? | 58dcbb8c8acda34529000021_005 | no |
Mowat-Wilson syndrome: the first two Malaysian cases. Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a recently delineated mental retardation; a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterised by a typical facial gestalt, Hirschsprung disease or severe constipation, genitourinary anomaly, congenital heart defects, agenesis of corpu... | Is Hirschsprung disease one of the characteristics of the Mowat-Wilson syndrome? | 55001420e9bde69634000005_002 | yes |
CD99 triggers upregulation of miR-9-modulated PRDM1/BLIMP1 in Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells and induces redifferentiation. CD99 is a 32-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is encoded by the MIC2 gene. Our study was carried out to examine the role of CD99 in tumor progression of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Here, we... | Is CD99 encoded by MIC2 gene? | 55376b37bc4f83e82800000b_018 | yes |
Panoramix enforces piRNA-dependent cotranscriptional silencing. The Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway is a small RNA-based innate immune system that defends germ cell genomes against transposons. In Drosophila ovaries, the nuclear Piwi protein is required for transcriptional silencing of transposons, though the prec... | Are piRNAs involved in gene silencing? | 56c6f6005795f9a73e000009_008 | yes |
Effect on weakness and spasticity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis of thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Very high intravenous doses (2-19 mg/min) of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH, L-pyroglutamyl-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide) given to 12 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) produced a moderate to marked impro... | Is there any data to suggest that TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) administration can improve symptom severity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients? | 54d76ac63706e89528000016_015 | yes |
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of TRH in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of single doses of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) was performed on 12 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Each patient was given subcutaneous injections of TRH 150 mg or placebo, and ... | Is there any data to suggest that TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) administration can improve symptom severity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients? | 54d76ac63706e89528000016_027 | yes |
Oral clonidine vs midazolam in the prevention of sevoflurane-induced agitation in children. a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. BACKGROUND: This randomized, double-blind study tested the hypothesis that, in comparison with midazolam, premedication with oral clonidine reduces the incidence of emergence agitatio... | Can clonidine be used to reduce agitation in children. | 515df89e298dcd4e5100002f_007 | yes |
Pharmacological modulation of the state of awareness in patients with disorders of consciousness: an overview. The neurobiological approach to consciousness moves from the assumption that all phenomenal experiences are based on neuronal activity in the brain. Consciousness has two main components: wakefulness and aware... | Is amantadine effective for treatment of disorders conciousness? | 530f7cdde3eabad021000001_001 | yes |
Curcumin Suppresses Metastasis via Sp-1, FAK Inhibition, and E-Cadherin Upregulation in Colorectal Cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious public health problem that results due to changes of diet and various environmental stress factors in the world. Curcumin is a traditional medicine used for treatment of a wide... | Is the protein FAK (Focal Adhesion Kinase) phosphorylated? | 54f4c382d0d681a040000006_010 | yes |
New advances in the DNA damage response network of Fanconi anemia and BRCA proteins. FAAP95 replaces BRCA2 as the true FANCB protein. Fanconi anemia (FA) proteins function in a DNA damage response pathway that appears to be part of the network including breast cancer susceptibility gene products, BRCA1 and BRCA2. In re... | Are the Fanconi anemia genes a part of the same signalling pathway? | 54f42f2764850a5854000005_001 | yes |
Human antigen R mediated post-transcriptional regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition related genes in diabetic nephropathy. BACKGROUND: Human antigen R (HuR) is a ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein that modulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. While cytoplasmic HuR expression was id... | Does HuR bind to the untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs? | 58ce69cd1f5fb2b734000003_000 | yes |
Agitation and changes of Bispectral Index and electroencephalographic-derived variables during sevoflurane induction in children: clonidine premedication reduces agitation compared with midazolam. BACKGROUND: This double-blind randomized study was undertaken to assess agitation, Bispectral Index (BIS) and EEG changes d... | Can clonidine be used to reduce agitation in children. | 515df89e298dcd4e5100002f_004 | yes |
Perineal cellulitis following trans-obturator sub-urethral tape Uratape. OBJECTIVE: We report two cases of perineal cellulitis due to the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence with a trans-obturator sub-urethral tape of Uratape (Porgés). METHODS: Treatment and follow up of their complication were per... | Has silicon been used in treatment of incontinence ? | 536172d17d100faa09000009_002 | yes |
Propranolol for infantile hemangiomas. Propranolol has been used successfully in a limited number of children with infantile hemangiomas. This multicenter retrospective study describes the efficacy and adverse effects of propranolol in infantile hemangioma. Seventy-one infants with infantile hemangiomas were treated wi... | Is propranolol used for treatment of infantile hemangioma? | 5a67a72fb750ff445500000a_003 | yes |
Effectiveness of antiangiogenic drugs in glioblastoma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. BACKGROUND: glioblastomas are highly vascularized tumors and various antiangiogenic drugs have been investigated in clinical trials showing unclear results. We performed a systematic revi... | Is dasatinib effective for treatment of glioblastoma? | 5a760ed883b0d9ea66000019_000 | no |
The circadian clock and tumor suppression by mammalian period genes. Period (Per) genes are key circadian rhythm regulators in mammals. Expression of mouse Per (mPer) genes has a diurnal pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and in peripheral tissues. Genetic ablation mPER1 and mPER2 function results in a complete los... | Is c-myc subject to regulation by the circadian clock? | 531616bdb166e2b806000003_007 | yes |
Nuclear repulsion enables division autonomy in a single cytoplasm. BACKGROUND: Current models of cell-cycle control, based on classic studies of fused cells, predict that nuclei in a shared cytoplasm respond to the same CDK activities to undergo synchronous cycling. However, synchrony is rarely observed in naturally oc... | Has the fungus Ashbya gossypii got many nuclei that share cytoplasm? | 550e6688a103b7801600000d_009 | yes |
On avoided words, absent words, and their application to biological sequence analysis. BACKGROUND: The deviation of the observed frequency of a word w from its expected frequency in a given sequence x is used to determine whether or not the word is avoided. This concept is particularly useful in DNA linguistic analysis... | Is there any linear-time and linear-space algorithm for the computation of avoided words in biological sequences? | 5a6d022ab750ff445500002a_000 | yes |
Percutaneous vertebroplasty as treatment for Kummell's disease. We report a case with classic clinical findings and imaging features of Kummell's disease. Kummell's disease is a post-traumatic vertebral body collapse. Initially after the trauma patients are usually asymptomatic but after months they develop a symptomat... | Is Kummell’s disease an avascular necrosis of the vertebral body? | 5a787544faa1ab7d2e00000b_001 | yes |
[Diagnostic value of cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in primary glomerulopathies]. AIM: To study an association between clinical and morphological evidence and the serum and daily urinary levels of cystatin C (CysC) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in patients with primary... | Is cystatin C or cystatin 3 used as a biomarker of kidney function? | 550bf315c2af5d5b7000000e_004 | yes |
[Nervous system lesions in the female workers of hydroponic hothouses]. A follow-up (1985, 1990, 1991) study revealed in female workers of hydroponic hothouses an increase of the incidence of nervous system diseases depending on the length of work (vegeto-vascular dystonia, angiodystonic syndromes, vegeto-sensory polyn... | Is pesticide exposure associated with polyneuropathy? | 530cefaaad0bf1360c000010_012 | yes |
Channelopathies: Brugada syndrome, long QT syndrome, short QT syndrome, and CPVT. In approximately 10-20% of all sudden deaths, no structural cardiac abnormalities can be identified. Important potential causes of sudden cardiac deaths in the absence of heart disease are primary electrical diseases such as Brugada syndr... | Could Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT)
cause sudden cardiac death? | 52e8e96698d023950500001f_011 | yes |
Eight full-length abelson related gene (Arg) isoforms are constitutively expressed in caki-1 cell line and cell distribution of two isoforms has been analyzed after transfection. The human Arg (Abl2) nonreceptor tyrosine kinase has a role in cytoskeletal rearrangements by its C-terminal F-actin- and microtubule-binding... | Does the Abelson-related gene (ARG) gene encode for a serine kinase? | 58db94948acda34529000017_003 | no |
ATF4 regulates CCL2 expression to promote endometrial cancer growth by controlling macrophage infiltration. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), an endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible transcription factor, plays important roles in cancer progression and resistance to therapy. However, no report is available abo... | Has ATF4 transcription factor been linked to cancer and neoplastic transformation? | 5a773c50faa1ab7d2e000002_006 | yes |
Differentiation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and integrin assembly by Drosophila embryo cells cultured on vitronectin and laminin substrates. Two contrasting substrates, Drosophila laminin and human vitronectin, caused determined primary Drosophila embryo cells to follow alternate intermediate differentiation steps... | Is the protein Papilin secreted? | 54e25eaaae9738404b000017_007 | yes |
STXBP1 mutations cause not only Ohtahara syndrome but also West syndrome--result of Japanese cohort study. We performed STXBP1 mutation analyses in 86 patients with various types of epilepsies, including 10 patients with OS, 43 with West syndrome, 2 with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, 12 with symptomatic generalized epilepsy... | Are mutations in the STXBP1 gene associated with epilepsy? | 550748a3bde8548216000001_004 | yes |
Clinical application of adult stem cells for therapy for cardiac disease. INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death worldwide. Different medical and surgical therapeutic options are well established, but a significant number of patients are not amenable to standard therapeutic options. Cell-based t... | Are there clinical trials using stem cells for the treatment of cardiac disease? | 56f160a52ac5ed1459000013_015 | yes |
Ophthalmologic abnormalities in Mowat-Wilson syndrome and a mutation in ZEB2. Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by a distinct facial appearance, moderate-to-severe mental retardation, microcephaly, agenesis of the corpus callosum, Hirschsprung disease, congenital heart disease, and genital anoma... | Is Hirschsprung disease one of the characteristics of the Mowat-Wilson syndrome? | 55001420e9bde69634000005_012 | yes |
Does laryngopharyngeal reflux cause intraoral burning sensations? A preliminary study. Intraoral burning sensations are a common problem in the otolaryngological practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate if laryngopharyngeal reflux can cause intraoral burning sensations by measuring oropharyngeal acid reflux. Pat... | Is gastro esophageal reflux related to burning mouth syndrome? | 5321ae889b2d7acc7e000006_001 | no |
Treatment of giant-cell arteritis, a literature review. Giant-cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common vasculitis in people aged more than 50 years. Despite the frequency of this disease, there is currently no international consensus on its therapeutic modalities. The aim of this study was to conduct a review on an inte... | Is Tocilizumab effective for Giant-Cell Arteritis? | 5a733d2a2dc08e987e000015_009 | yes |
Polyadenylation creates the discriminator nucleotide of chicken mitochondrial tRNA(Tyr). In the chicken mitochondrial genome, the gene for tRNA(Tyr) overlaps by one nucleotide with the downstream tRNA(Cys) gene, which is located on the same strand. The overlapping nucleotide, a guanosine residue, thus encodes both the ... | Is polyadenylation a process that stabilizes a protein by adding a string of Adenosine residues to the end of the molecule? | 5a8714e261bb38fb24000005_018 | no |
Recent advances in plasmepsin medicinal chemistry and implications for future antimalarial drug discovery efforts. Plasmepsins are the aspartic proteases of Plasmodium that play key roles in the survival of the parasite in its host. The plasmepsins of the digestive vacuole play an important role in hemoglobin degradati... | Could plasmepsins be used as targets for developing anti-malaria drugs? | 58a6d89660087bc10a00002b_009 | yes |
Multiple p53-independent gene silencing mechanisms define the cellular response to p53 activation. The cellular response to Nutlin-3, a small-molecule inhibitor of the p53 repressor MDM2, varies widely among human cancer-derived cell types. Whereas HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells display sustained cell cycle arrest, ... | Are microRNA (miR) regulated through DNA methylation of their promoters? | 53636e727d100faa0900000d_004 | yes |
Relationship between C-reactive protein, systemic oxygen consumption, and delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is known to result in elevated systemic oxygen consumption (Vo(2)) and increases in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsC... | Is there an association between c-reactive protein concentrations and outcomes of subarachnoid hemorrhage patients? | 514cbbf9d24251bc05000065_008 | yes |
Interferon-beta increases BAFF levels in multiple sclerosis: implications for B cell autoimmunity. B cells are increasingly recognized as major players in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. The BAFF/APRIL system is crucial for B cell homoeostasis and may drive B cell-dependent autoimmunity. We asked whether this system i... | Is there a relationship between B cells and Multiple Sclerosis? | 58c0836102b8c6095300001c_002 | yes |
Long noncoding RNAs in the p53 network. The tumor-suppressor protein p53 is activated in response to numerous cellular stresses including DNA damage. p53 functions primarily as a sequence-specific transcription factor that controls the expression of hundreds of protein-coding genes and noncoding RNAs, including microRN... | Is p53 a transcription factor? | 5ac0817cd0c506ce46000001_001 | yes |
With a Little Help from my Enteric Microbial Friends. Although the disciplines of bacteriology and virology frequently come together in the setting of a diagnostic medical microbiology laboratory, the two scientific fields are usually miles apart. The microbiologists basically form two non-overlapping groups of scienti... | Is LPS a microbial product? | 56e6f419a12c1fc13b000002_002 | yes |
Chromatin-modifying enzymes as therapeutic targets--Part 2. BACKGROUND: Part 1 of this review described the importance of histone acetylases, deacetylases, methylases and demethylases in transcriptional control and their potential as therapeutic targets. However, precise gene regulation requires the involvement of more... | Is poly (ADP- ribosylation) involved in transcriptional control? | 53380000d6d3ac6a34000059_003 | yes |
Evaluation of archival time on shotgun proteomics of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. There is increasing acceptance of the critical importance of correlating the morphologic features of tissue with the data obtained from various molecular analytic techniques. Access to archived formalin-fixed and paraffin... | Is it possible to determine the proteome of a formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue? | 511a1e12df1ebcce7d000009_009 | yes |
A phase II trial of vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) in metastatic breast cancer: a California Cancer Consortium study. PURPOSE: The primary goal of this trial was to determine the response rate of single-agent vorinostat in patients with metastatic breast cancer. The secondary goals included assessment of ... | Are histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors good candidates to control metastasis of solid tumors? | 517404878ed59a060a000023_001 | yes |
ACOG committee opinion. Exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Number 267, January 2002. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. The physiologic and morphologic changes of pregnancy may interfere with the ability to engage safely in some forms of physical activity. A woman's overall health, i... | Is scuba diving safe during pregnancy? | 5a70de5199e2c3af26000005_007 | no |
Structural mutants of the spindle pole body cause distinct alteration of cytoplasmic microtubules and nuclear dynamics in multinucleated hyphae. In the multinucleate fungus Ashbya gossypii, cytoplasmic microtubules (cMTs) emerge from the spindle pole body outer plaque (OP) in perpendicular and tangential directions. To... | Has the fungus Ashbya gossypii got many nuclei that share cytoplasm? | 550e6688a103b7801600000d_013 | yes |
Bisindenoisoquinoline bis-1,3-{(5,6-dihydro-5,11-diketo-11H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline)-6-propylamino}propane bis(trifluoroacetate) (NSC 727357), a DNA intercalator and topoisomerase inhibitor with antitumor activity. Indenoisoquinolines are topoisomerase (Top) I inhibitors developed to overcome some of the limitations ... | Can DNA intercalators function as topoisomerase inhibitors? | 56c71cb65795f9a73e00000b_007 | yes |
Post-natal erythromycin exposure and risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PURPOSE: Macrolide antibiotics, erythromycin, in particular, have been linked to the development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of t... | Does erythromycin increase risk of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis? | 5a67ade5b750ff445500000c_005 | yes |
The natural history of B cells. Multiple sclerosis is a common neurological disorder that represents a significant source of disability. B cells have recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target for multiple sclerosis. The natural development of B cells is characterized by an antigen-independent phase that occurs in ... | Is there a relationship between B cells and Multiple Sclerosis? | 58c0836102b8c6095300001c_010 | yes |
New insights into HCV replication: potential antiviral targets. The ultimate goal of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment is the eradication of the virus. Ongoing research continues to add to knowledge of the HCV life cycle, revealing new potential viral and host targets for the development of therapy. Understanding of HC... | Is there any functional association during viral replication between flaviviridae viral RNA depended RNA polymerase and viral helicase? | 5321b8579b2d7acc7e000008_000 | yes |
A DNA methyltransferase homolog with a chromodomain exists in multiple polymorphic forms in Arabidopsis. Chromodomains are thought to mediate protein-protein interactions between chromatin components. We have detected a chromodomain embedded within the catalytic region of a predicted Arabidopsis DNA methyltransferase t... | Are chromomethylases present in animal genomes? | 5171833c8ed59a060a00000f_007 | no |
Apremilast for Behçet's syndrome--a phase 2, placebo-controlled study. BACKGROUND: Oral ulcers, the hallmark of Behçet's syndrome, can be resistant to conventional treatment; therefore, alternative agents are needed. Apremilast is an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor that modulates several inflammatory pathways. METHO... | Is Apremilast effective for Behcet’s syndrome? | 5a7340962dc08e987e000017_000 | yes |
[A case of an elderly type 2 diabetes who had severe diabetic nephropathy without retinopathy]. We encountered a man who developed severe diabetic nephropathy without progression of diabetic retinopathy. He had a 14-year history of diabetes, and had been treated with sulfonylurea, and his HbA1c remained around 6.5%. He... | Is edema a symptom of nephrotic syndrome? | 58da270d8acda34529000013_005 | yes |
A phase II, single-blind, randomized, crossover evaluation of the safety and efficacy of avanafil using visual sexual stimulation in patients with mild to moderate erectile dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, efficacy and time course of three doses of avanafil (50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg) compared with silden... | Is avanafil indicated for treatment of erectile dysfunction? | 5895d0457d9090f35300000d_008 | yes |
High-flow nasal cannula: transient fashion or new method of non-invasive ventilatory assistance? Respiratory failure in the premature infants remains a difficult challenge. An alternative to the use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) as a non-invasive modality to support respiratory distress in premat... | Are high-flow nasal cannulae effective for treatment of preterm infants? | 530cf4c54a5037880c000002_002 | yes |
A case of Mowat-Wilson syndrome caused by a truncating mutation within exon 8 of the ZEB2 gene. Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is characterized by severe mental retardation with seizures, specific facial dysmorphism, Hirschsprung disease, anomalies of the corpus callosum, and genitourinary and cardiac malformations. The c... | Is Hirschsprung disease one of the characteristics of the Mowat-Wilson syndrome? | 55001420e9bde69634000005_001 | yes |
Thyroid hormone analog, diiodothyropropionic acid (DITPA), exerts beneficial effects on chamber and cellular remodeling in cardiomyopathic hamsters. Diiodothyropropionic acid (DITPA) is a thyroid hormone analog that is currently in phase II clinical trials. However, there have not been any studies to comprehensively an... | Is DITPA a thyroid hormone analog utilized in experimental and clinical studies | 52fb4b462059c6d71c00005f_006 | yes |
Drosophila Bicoid is a substrate of sumoylation and its activator function is subject to inhibition by this post-translational modification. Bicoid (Bcd) is a Drosophila morphogenetic protein and a transcriptional activator. Genetic studies have suggested a role of sumoylation in Bcd function, but it is unknown how Bcd... | Is SUMOylation a post-translational modification in eukaryotes? | 58a6b98860087bc10a000028_004 | yes |
Quantification of HER expression and dimerization in patients' tumor samples using time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer. Following the development of targeted therapies against EGFR and HER2, two members of the human epidermal receptor (HER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, much interest has been focused... | Is HER2 active only when it dimerizes? | 5509ec41c2af5d5b70000006_000 | yes |
Mechanisms and clinical management of inherited channelopathies: long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and short QT syndrome. The following briefly reviews features and management of long QT syndrome (LQTS), Brugada Syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular... | Could Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) cause sudden cardiac death? | 530cf4fe960c95ad0c000003_003 | yes |
The significance of Her2 on androgen receptor protein stability in the transition of androgen requirement in prostate cancer cells. Androgen ablation therapy is the most common strategy for suppressing prostate cancer progression; however, tumor cells eventually escape androgen dependence and progress to an androgen-in... | Is the monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab (Herceptin) of potential use in the treatment of prostate cancer? | 5313b049e3eabad021000013_032 | yes |
Neuroprotective electrical stimulation of cerebellar fastigial nucleus attenuates expression of periinfarction depolarizing waves (PIDs) and inhibits cortical spreading depression. In rat, electrical stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) for 1 h reduces the volume of focal ischemic infarctions produced b... | Does cortical spreading depression appear in ischemic penumbra following ischemic stroke? | 514b335dd24251bc05000061_006 | yes |
Pulsed electromagnetic field stimulates osteoprotegerin and reduces RANKL expression in ovariectomized rats. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been shown to increase bone mineral density in osteoporosis patients and prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats. But the mechanisms through which PEMF elicits these favo... | Is RANKL secreted from the cells? | 55262a9787ecba3764000009_000 | yes |
B- and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia: antibody approaches. B- and T-cell subtypes of prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) are rare, aggressive lymphoid malignancies with characteristic morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular features. Prognosis for these patients remains poor, with short survival times and ... | Is alemtuzumab effective for remission induction in patients diagnosed with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia? | 530cefaaad0bf1360c000001_000 | yes |
[PCSK9 inhibitors. A new approach for treatment of hypercholesterolemia]. To date HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors are the most effective drugs for reduction of LDL-cholesterol levels and for prevention of cardiovascular events. Inhibition of the enzyme PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9), which is involv... | Does PCSK9 (Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) binds with HDL-receptor (HDL-R)? | 58db9aa28acda34529000018_009 | no |
Phase II open-label study of nintedanib in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Nintedanib (BIBF 1120) is a small, orally available, triple angiokinase inhibitor in phase III development (various indications) that targets VEGFR 1-3, FGFR 1-3, and PDGFR-α/β. This open-label, uncontrolled, phase II study asse... | Is fatigue prevalent in patients receiving treatment for glioblastoma? | 530e42e65937551c09000007_014 | yes |
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