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Investigate the number of faces you can see when you arrange three cubes in different ways. Investigate the area of 'slices' cut off this cube of cheese. What would happen if you had different-sized block of cheese to start Choose a box and work out the smallest rectangle of paper needed to wrap it so that it is comple...
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High school chemistry students the world over know the work of Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev — he’s one of the inventors of the periodic table of the elements. But Mendeleev’s interests went far beyond what he could see in the laboratory — and he was willing to risk his neck to pursue them. 125 years ago today he ...
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In response to recommendations from the National Research Council (NRC) Decadal Survey (2003), and NASA’s Solar System Exploration (SSE) Roadmap (2006), over the past year NASA has funded a mission concept study to better understand the science goals and technology requirements for a future Venus Flagship-class mission...
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Never Before Seen: Two Supermassive Black Holes in Same Galaxy The Chandra image of NGC 6240, a butterfly-shaped galaxy that is the product of the collision of two smaller galaxies, revealed that the central region of the galaxy (inset) contains not one, but two active giant black holes. Previous X-ray observatories ha...
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Basically it means: Cast/Convert an array of chars into an enumerable array of strings. IEnumerable is a collection class which is the base class for almost all the collection classes. In other words, almost all collection classes inherit functionalities from IEnumerable class. One of the thing that IEnumerable class p...
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--- TRINET'S SHAKEMAP --- -- A Broadcaster's Guide to Reporting Earthquake Intensity -- Earthquake Information Summary: Date: MAY 17 2012 Time: 08:12:01 AM GMT Location: N31.90 W94.33: EASTERN TEXAS Name: Unnamed Earthquake (Event ID b0009rtk) ShakeMap on the world-wide web: http://www.trinet.org/shake INSTRUMENTAL INT...
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This sequence shows a parabolic encounter and subsequent merger between two disk galaxies with a 3:1 mass ratio. The galaxies orbit each other in a clockwise direction, and the orbit plane is viewed face-on. The larger disk lies in the orbit plane but spins in a counter-clockwise direction, while the smaller disk is in...
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Ocean Margins (LINK) Ocean margins (where the deep oceans meet continental shelves) include the sites of some of the world's largest accumulations of sediments which may provide the source of significant reserves of oil and gas. The multidisciplinary Ocean Margins (LINK) programme aimed to develop a clear knowledge of ...
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Will Penguins Become Extinct? Penguins and Global Warming The earth has a bipolar disorder. Global warming threatens the wildlife of both the north and south polar regions. In the north, the polar bears are dying off because the ice shelves they depend on to reach their prey have been melting. In the south, melting ice...
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Erwin Schrödinger and Louis de Broglie Paul Dirac has offered the opinion that his fellow theorists are guided not only by their hopes, but just as importantly, by their fears. Theoretical researchers find it hard, he says, to ignore fears that their work contains hidden, possibly disastrous, flaws; and their thoughts,...
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Yukon Glossarymeteoroid -- a tiny space rock (usually a speck of debris from a comet or asteroid) while it is in space or flying through Earth's atmosphere meteor -- a streak of light in the sky caused by a disintegrating meteoroid meteorite -- a rock from space that hit the ground because it did not burn up entirely i...
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If you asked us to explain how a nuclear reaction works, chances are we'd throw our hands up in the air and change the subject to that funny video of a begging cat instead. Realising this, some clever chaps at St. Mary's University in Halifax have put together a nifty vid to explain it all in easy-to-understand and, mo...
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In the second of two articles, the authors describe how to develop business patterns based on business functions, data, and business components, and show how these can be used to engineer software systems. Data models and data profiling are complementary techniques. Although data models do not tell us the whole truth, ...
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Written By TheVBProgramer. A cryptogram is a coded message where each letter in the cryptogram puzzle stands for a different letter of the alphabet. The coded message is often a famous quotation, proverb, or maxim. The objective of the game is to decode the message. Write a VB application that will present a cryptogram...
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Towering Cumulus cloud (cumulus congestus) Click on image for full size Image courtesy of Gary Anthes/UCAR Cumulus Congestus Clouds Cumulus clouds can be associated with good or bad weather. Cumulus congestus clouds, also called towering cumulus, are in the last stage of development before becoming cumulonimbus clouds....
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Doing calculations only seems difficult. If you break it into small steps you will find that none of the steps requires anything difficult. Here is a step-by-step guide to evaluation of the relationship for the period of a simple pendulum, as used in lab 5. When performing any multi-step calculation, write down the app...
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In communications, a code is a rule for converting a piece of information (for example, a letter, word, or phrase) into another object or action, not necessarily of the same sort. One reason for this is to enable communication in places where ordinary spoken or written language is difficult or impossible. For example, ...
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Rogers DW and Greig D (2009) Experimental evolution of a sexually selected display in yeast. Proc Biol Sci 276(1656):543-9 Abstract: The fundamental principle underlying sexual selection theory is that an allele conferring an advantage in the competition for mates will spread through a population. Remarkably, this has ...
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Credit: ESA/K. Dennerl/B. Aschenbach A Snowball's Chance Comets are sometimes called "dirty snowballs" since that's what they resemble - they are composed of ice, snow, dust and rocks. Surprisingly these "snowballs" are surrounded by a halo of X-ray producing gas. Since X-rays usually imply extremely high temperatures,...
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At a conference made up of speakers and participants, there were 20% more men than women. The ratio of mae speakers to female speakers was 8:5. There was an equal number of male and female participants. (a) Find the ratio of male speakers to male participants at the conference (b) Halfway, 40 male participants left the...
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Olivia Judson on the influence of science and biology on modern life. Here’s a problem: evolution never stops. Imagine you’re a wild fruit fly, of the species Drosophila melanogaster. You’re happily feasting on some yeast that’s growing on rotting fruit when, whoomf, you get sucked into a bottle and taken to a laborato...
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My text says that Aristarchus (310 BC – ~230 BC) measured the "angle subtended by the Earth-Moon distance at the Sun" ($\theta$ in the figure below) to establish the relative Earth-Moon and Earth-Sun distances. I understand that he must, in fact have used the Moon-Earth-Sun angle, and then subtracted that from 90° to a...
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On Sunday May 20th, 2012 a solar eclipse will sweep across east Asia, over the northern Pacific Ocean, and then into the southwestern United States. The eclipse will span from 4:14pm to 6:36pm PST and will be total for 4 minutes and 40 seconds with the maximum eclipse of the sun at 5:30pm PST. The periodicity and recur...
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Is it possible or practical to predict vog? The Vog Measurement and Prediction Project (VMAP) is a feasibility study in which scientists will evaluate [are evaluating] whether vog forecasts are achievable and useful. Project collaborators are making the feasibility study available to the public through this Web site, b...
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- C. Characteristic Groups Containing Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Halogen, Sulfur, Selenium, and/or Tellurium - C-0. Nomenclature Systems - 0.0 General Principles 0.1 Substitutive Nomenclature 0.2 Radicofunctional Nomenclature 0.3 Additive Nomenclature 0.4 Subtractive Nomenclature 0.5 Conjuctive Nomenclature 0....
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The impossibility of energy for free is enshrined in one of the most fundamental and important laws of physics: the First Law of Thermodynamics or the Law of Conservation of Energy, which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can only change its form. In 1847, a 26-year-old German medical doctor,...
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For those that don't know, the with statement allows you to use an object inside a new context. You can't just use any only Python object, like a string or a dictionary. Any object used in a with statement needs a context manager. For more on using context managers (and the with statement in general), see Fredrik Lundh...
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at the Carnegie Institution's Department of Global Ecology are looking to optimize climate change reduction by injecting sulfates into the stratosphere. George Ban-Weiss, lead author of the study, along with his team of Carnegie scientists, have studied how the injection of aerosols of sulfate into the stratosphere wil...
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Critical Loads (CL) approach as a tool to evaluate harmful effects of nitrogen and sulfur deposition to forests Critical Loads Meeting Series The PSW Research Station hosted the third in a series of critical loads meetings. These are a collaboration between US and European scientists to examine implementing a Critical ...
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- The Rho Ophiuchi dark cloud, a nearby star-forming region. - Messier 62, a globular cluster also known as NGC 6266. - The Cat's Paw Nebula, NGC 6334, is a complex emission nebula that hosts massive star formation. - Messier 20, the Trifid Nebula - Messier 6, a young open cluster in the Scorpion. - The Pipe Nebula, a ...
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Listicle
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@part: Groups of Chapters The final sectioning command is @part, to mark a part of a manual, that is, a group of chapters or (rarely) appendices. This behaves quite differently from the other sectioning commands, to fit with the way such “parts” are conventionally used in books. @node command is associated with @part. ...
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A plasmid is double-stranded DNA not native to the regular chromosomal DNA of the organism. They are hoop-shaped, which is largely why the cell does not eliminate them. Most of the time, plasmids are found in bacteria. They are fairly short, from 1 to 400 kilobase pairs, and may be found in one copy or hundreds of copi...
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The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram One of the most significant discoveries was that by Ejnar Hertzsprung and H. N. Russell. These two astronomers, each acting independently, observed each star in the Pleiades with a photometer. This device provides an electical current proportional to the amount of light coming from the s...
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Hexadecimal colour values This little trick avoids having to write a function to do the conversion. The decimal system The numbering scheme in everyday use is the decimal (or denary) system and numbers are represented by 10 digits i.e. the numbers 0 to 9. Counting starts at zero, (see counting wheels below). Rotating t...
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|SEVERE STORM STRUCTURE:| METEOROLOGIST JEFF HABY The core of the updraft has the strongest convective upward vertical velocity. This core of rapidly rising air will only slow down and stop when it encounters a very stable layer in the atmosphere. This very stable layer tropopause. Air will rise as long as it is less d...
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The Oceans tides, waves and currents have the potential to provide us with enough renewable energy to power billions of homes worldwide. But how? Can this be achieved in a manner that's affordable? British inventor; Alvin Smith of Dartmouth Wave Energy Ltd believes he can, by utilizing his invention called the "Searase...
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Fig. 1 Seaweed, Sargassum species. A single branch illustrating the leaflike structures and air bladders growing from a central stem. Fig. 2 Seaweed, Turbinaria species. Note the pyramidal, trumpet shaped reproductive bodies at the ends of the stems (arrow). Very common in the rough areas of the reef, brown in colour a...
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Striding buoyantly across the low-gravity surface of the moon, there may someday be strange new men — part human, part machine — like the ones above. They will have a strange name: CYBORGS (for CYBernetic ORGanisms). Cyborgs, according to the daring new idea, will be men whose body organs and systems are automatically ...
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The objective of this experiment is to determine the molar ratio, or stoichiometry, between the reactants of a chemical reaction. By holding the number of moles of reactant A constant and varying the moles of reactant B, you will determine the number of moles of B required to react completely with the amount of A prese...
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A sequence is a database object that provides a series of integer values. A sequence has a start value, an increment step value and a minimum value and a maximum value defined when it is created (by using the A sequence can be specified as having a certain data type which will determine the span of possible values for ...
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Molecular 'amplifier' boosts DNA computing DNA-based computing just got a big boost. A method of amplifying weak chemical signals in a way that can be tailored to specific molecules has brought DNA-based circuits closer to practical applications. Machine made of electricity and microbes MECs are modified versions of mi...
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Photo: rofanator (Flickr) Here’s a neat question you may have never thought to ask. How far away is the horizon? Think about it. The Earth seems flat from our viewpoint, and if you are in a desert or out at sea you get a sense that the earth extends indefinitely in every direction. This isn’t correct, though; the plane...
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I have been trying to find an acceptable definition of the "sum" of two natural numbers. Wikipedia has come close to what I am looking for. They begin by saying: Let n' be the successor of n, that is the number following n in the natural numbers, so 0'=1, 1'=2. Define a+0=a. I get all the above. They then continue by s...
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This Week: Ancient water = ancient habitat? In the News: Methane on the menu in the Gulf of Mexico? Coming Thursday: Roaches: A lot smarter than you thought! Synopsis: To view neutrinos from distant explosions, astrophysicists have set up thousands of detectors in pure ice at the South Pole. What are neutrinos, and wha...
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The Sixth Extinction Il Sole 24 (Italy), January 13, 2008 Last fall, the organizers of the Rome Science Festival asked me to come give a lecture about mass extinctions--about how our planet has experienced huge die-offs in the past, and whether it may be on the verge of another die-off today. Only after I began to prep...
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The history of the Universe divides roughly into three regimes which reflect the status of our current understanding: The standard cosmology is the most reliably elucidated epoch spanning the epoch from about one hundredth of a second after the Big Bang through to the present day. The standard model for the evolution o...
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Contact: Dr. Hanno Teeling Caption: Flavobacteria (green) occur both free living and attached to microalgae in the North Sea. In this image some flavobacterial cells accumulated around a microalgae cell (chloroplasts in red). All other cells are shown in blue. The technique of Fluorescence in situ Hybridization that wa...
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50 years - Our future Global warming is an issue that will have to be solved sooner rather than later. Between 2031 and 2060, the annual average temperature in Europe will raise (in a best case scenario) up to 2° Celsius – in southern Austria and souther Europe even up to 2,5° C. The result will be heat waves (which wi...
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Guile classifies Scheme objects into two kinds: those that fit entirely SCM, and those that require heap storage. The former class are called immediates. The class of immediates includes small integers, characters, boolean values, the empty list, the mysterious end-of-file object, and some others. The remaining types a...
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When you compare the Earth’s magnetic fields with those of Mars you begin to understand why our planet is truly such a magic place. Life could be prolific in our universe but it takes a very special set of circumstances for it to thrive. In order for life to not just exist but to thrive some of the things it needs incl...
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|Ivars Peterson's MathTrek| September 27, 1999 If each tile consists not of a single square but of a certain number of squares joined together along their edges to form a unit, the problem of determining whether you can use such tiles to cover a rectangular floor flawlessly gets more complicated. Indeed, mathematicians...
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Freshwater fish in salt water What would actually happen if a fresh water fish had to live in salt water? For most fish, they would die. But some, like eels and salmon, can move freely between the two at certain stages of their lives. To do this they have special mechanisms of excretion and absorption of salt and water...
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Atoms and Substrate Images Date: March 2009 Back in 1989, scientists at the IBM Research Center in San Jose, California conducted an interesting activity using atoms. The scientists manipulated 35 atoms of the gas xenon on a nickel substrate, to write the letters, IBM. Why are none of the nickel substrate atoms visible...
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Planetary Construction Zone? Astronomers detect the beginnings of planet formation in a dusty disk surrounding a nearby star July 5, 2007 The constellation Hydra is named for a twisting snake that, according to Greek mythology, was rejected by the god Apollo and cast up into the sky. For astronomers, however, this regi...
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12 November 2010 Posted in NatureWorks Being a carnivorous animal, an Eastern Indigo Snake’s diet consists of turtles, fish, birds, small alligators and other snakes, venomous and non-venomous. Primiarily found in Central and South Florida, Eastern Indigo Snakes frequent flatwoods, dry glades and sandy soils. Humans ar...
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Aspecies is the basic unit of biodiversity. A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature to produce a fertile offspring. For more information about the topic Species, read the full article at Wikipedia.org, or see the following related articles: Recommend this page on Facebook, Twitter, and Google +1...
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Long before the discovery of the first planet beyond our solar system, astronomer Laurance Doyle began theorizing about the habitability of planets around other stars, clarifying the conditions needed for a planet to bear life. Relying on his expertise in signal processing, he now looks for patterns in astronomical dat...
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Neutron scattering at ISIS and ILL is being used to develop our understanding of the Earth’s geology and natural environment. You can find out more about ISIS’s natural world research here (link opens in a new window) Neutron scattering is playing a key role in discovering how silk can be made artificially. Spider-silk...
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Figure 43–5. open (GENERIC) PROCEDURE open (PRODUCES POINTER(textFile) f; PRODUCES OPTIONAL STRING msg); PROCEDURE open (PRODUCES POINTER(dataFile) f; PRODUCES OPTIONAL STRING msg); open is used to open a file, i.e., to make the file available for input and/or output. The predeclared CLASSes textFile and dataFile are e...
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|« Main Page | Index| The TextView Widget GTK+ has an extremely powerful framework for multi-line text editing. The primary objects involved in the process are TextBuffer, which represents the text being edited, and TextView, a widget which can display a TextBuffer. Each buffer can be displayed by any number of views. ...
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Integrity Rules are imperative to a good database design. Most RDBMS have these rules automatically, but it is safer to just make sure that the rules are already applied in the design. There are two types of integrity mentioned in integrity rules, entity and reference. Two additional rules that aren't necessarily inclu...
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|file[, mode[, compression[, allowZip64]]])| 'r'to read an existing file, 'w'to truncate and write a new file, or 'a'to append to an existing file. For mode is 'a'and file refers to an existing ZIP file, then additional files are added to it. If file does not refer to a ZIP file, then a new ZIP archive is appended to t...
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1818 - 1889 Born in Salford, England. A physicist, he shared in discovering the law of the conservation of energy. Two German physicists, Hermann von Helmholtz and Julius von Mayer, and Irish/Scottish physicist Lord Kelvin, also worked on the law of physics. The law states that energy used up in one form reappears in a...
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Sat Jul 28 03:47:24 CEST 2007 Chad Wilson wrote: > I have programmed my first function in Erlang! > It just had to get that off my chest. I felt it was an accomplishment > worth drinking a Pepsi for because I remembered that capitalization > part. Speaking of which, why case sensitive language parts? Does it > make des...
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LISA Will Listen for Gravitational Waves ESAThe NASA/ESA LISA project aims to measure gravitational waves with giant lasers and floating cubes of gold CERN's Large Hadron Collider is currently the biggest science experiment in operation, but it may have to pass that mantle on soon enough. A collaboration between NASA a...
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Variables are just boxes to store a value in (this works nicely with 'simple' data like integers. For objects, it gets a bit more complicated). You have variables (boxes) of different sizes, see http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/seco ... s.doc.html section 4.2.1. A byte-sized variable can store values -128 to 127, etc...
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The Planck hangs out close to a million miles (1.5 million kilometers) from Earth and always points away from the sun, in order to get clearer measurements. Its operating temp is a bit lower than -273° C, just above absolute zero and a few degrees warmer than the average American bed when the anniversary gift and flowe...
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Packed vectors : use these whenever possible. The generic vector type is is represented at run-time by a linked list of boxed values. Packed types, however, store the vector components sequentially in memory. Vector operations can be defined using the generic types, and the compiler will inline and specialize these def...
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Tag: "surfaces" at biology news Researchers find color sensitive atomic switch in bacteria ...rogram bumps up against a membrane." Cell membrane surfaces and their exposed proteins are the most accessible targets to treat human tissue or destroy infectious microbes, he said. More than 60 percent of medications target m...
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Electromagnetic and Weak Theory Name: Nick L. What was the main link between electromagnetism and weak theories to create the electroweak theory? Does it have to do with beta Originally, weak interactions were thought to be separate from electromagnetic forces. Eventually, three fairly massive particles were discovered...
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In less than a decade, the Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans) has become widely established along the Southeast U.S. and Caribbean. Lionfish are capable of permanently impacting economically important species (e.g., snapper and grouper) and may hamper coral reef conservation measures. Invasive species can harm bo...
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A regular expression in python is a special module that helps filter sequence of strings, characters and symbols using specialized syntax written in a particular pattern. Like any other programming language, regular expression module ‘re’ in python allows you to process unlimited amount of strings that passes regular e...
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When a lithium ion battery reaches the point at which it can no longer be used in an electric car, it still has the potential to be used in other applications. But exactly what are the best uses for them? The U.S. government is backing a comprehensive study to determine just that, the National Renewable Energy Laborato...
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Perhaps you remember Heroes, a popular American television show, whose tagline during its first season was “Save the cheerleader—save the world.” Well, I don’t know about cheerleaders, but I do know that we need to save the data to save our world. Those of us involved in the burgeoning arena of data-intensive science s...
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Moorings are autonomous systems, which remain in the ocean for several years to measure a variety of oceanographic properties at a distinct location with high temporal resolution. By this means it is possible to obtain measurements to detect the exact course of temporal variations even if there is no ship in the area. ...
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A wide variety of missions of exploration seek to explain the Universe's unanswered questions. Many are exceedingly expensive and are funded by the taxpayers. However, amateurs with relatively small telescopes or binoculars still make important contributions to astronomy. This section features some of the most famous a...
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you had two charges in a line (q1 = +7µC and q2 = 0.5µC) separated by 0.9m. You found a point between them where the electric field is 0 (about 0.71m from q1). a. Is the electric potential equal to 0 at that point? Calculate b. Change the problem so that the electric potential is 0 at 0.71m from q1. Now, is the electri...
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Sloths are medium-sized South American mammals belonging to the families Megalonychidae and Bradypodidae, part of the order Pilosa. Most scientists call these two families the Folivora suborder, while some call it Phyllophaga. Sloths are herbivores, eating very little other than leaves. Sloths have made extraordinary a...
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New theoretical modeling by Carnegie's Alan Boss provides clues to how the gas giant planets in our solar system—Jupiter and Saturn—might have formed and evolved. New stars are surrounded by rotating gas disks during the early stages of their lives. Gas giant planets are thought to form in the presence of these disks. ...
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Beyond The Requirements Most security vulnerabilities aren't requirements violations; rather, they come from incomplete requirements. For example, a simple requirement takes the form of "when a user applies input x, the software should produce output y." It's easy to test such requirements: Apply input x, then look for...
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joule (jōl, joul) [key], abbr. J, unit of work or energy in the mks system of units, which is based on the metric system; it is the work done or energy expended by a force of 1 newton acting through a distance of 1 meter. The joule is named for James P. Joule. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2...
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How do I use the java.util.Formatter class to format output? John Zukowski There are at least three ways to generate formatted output: - Use the format() method of an instance of Formatter. - Use the format()/printf method of an OutputStream, as in System.out.format("The time is %tT.", Calendar.getInstance()); - Use th...
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"OFTEN in error but never in doubt." This accusation has sometimes been levelled against cosmologists - and justifiably so. They have frequently embraced poorly grounded speculations with irrational fervour, and been led by wishful thinking to read too much into vague and tentative evidence. However, although this stil...
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A pest is considered an animal or plant species which, in high numbers, is detrimental to park resources. When managing pests, our goals are to preserve the natural and cultural resources of the park, and to assist the agricultural cooperators with keeping the historic scene. A prominent, but surprising, pest is the Wh...
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In this chapter we discuss the design and implementation of a client/server system with Java. Our simple web server provides hypertext (HTTP) pages to the clients. We create both the server and client programs from Java, relying heavily on classes from the java.net package in the core language. - Web Servers and Java -...
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RENO, NEV.--The Chicxulub Crater, sprawled across the Gulf of Mexico and the Yucat¿n Peninsula, is an approximately 180-kilometer-wide remnant of the impact of a 10-kilometer-wide meteorite. It has been called the smoking gun in the extinction of the dinosaurs between the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods 65 million year...
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We learned of the existence of bacteria over 300 years ago, and we have far more of them in our bodies than human cells, but it was less than 40 years ago when we first realized how they swim. With the discovery of the rotary motor of E. coli in 1973, a motor just 45 nanometers in diameter, some claimed this incredible...
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New findings suggest that biodiversity increases during warm periods, which may imply that global warming is actually good for the origination of species. The problem is that the process usually takes between thousands and millions of years, while current global warming is happening at a much faster pace. The paper, pu...
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NAVGEM (Navy Global Environmental Model) is a global numerical weather prediction computer model run by NOAA. It replaced NOGAPS as the prime model in the middle of February 2013 at the FNMOC Weather model synoptic site. NOGAPS: Global weather forecast model from the "Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center...
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- Define meteorology. Explain how the weather affects farmers, sailors, aviators, and the outdoors construction industry. Tell why weather forecasts are important to each of these - Name five dangerous weather-related conditions. Give the safety rules for each when outdoors and explain the difference between a severe w...
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Modern techniques in genetics Increasingly scientists are using new molecular techniques to investigate the structure and function of DNA. Whole genes and parts of genes can be extracted from chromosomes, linked to other DNA molecules to form recombinant DNA and introduced into living cells. In a process known as gene ...
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BATS DO IT TOO: Bats emit a series of ultrasonic pulses that bounce off objects in their environment. How long it takes for the sound to be reflected back to the bat indicates how close (or far) a given object might be, enabling the bat to orient itself as it flies, and detect food. Modern sonar technology is based on ...
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Physicists in Switzerland just reported they are closing in on the “Higgs boson,” a hypothesized ultra-small unit that may be the building block of subatomic particles. Let’s hope they are right, so European taxpayers get a return on the $10 billion complex built to look for the Higgs boson. Whether this particle is fo...
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This video from Russia is called White Orca. Here is another version of that video. This story is, ironically, by Richard Black, Environment correspondent, BBC News: 23 April 2012 Last updated at 01:19 GMT White killer whale adult spotted for first time in wild The adult male, which they have nicknamed Iceberg, was spo...
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Anthropogenic climate warming is leading to consideration of options for geoengineering to offset rising carbon dioxide levels. One potential technique involves injecting artificial sea spray into the atmosphere. The sea salt particles would affect Earth's radiation budget directly, by scattering incoming solar radiati...
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Well, I'd have figured my definition would be in here already, but it's not, so I'll take a stab at this. The best definition for infinity that I know of is inf = lim ___ where n is any positive real number, and |x| approaches downward to zero (as noted by Professor Pi). I prefer to actually set n to 1 when I define in...
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This brochure was prepared by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University to explain the issue of global warming and climate change. The key points are covered in the three parts that follow: The issue at a glance... - Burning coal, oil and natural gas releases carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere. On average, this may...
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Functions may have polymorphic arguments, subject to three restrictions: - Such functions must have explicit type signatures, using forall to bind polymorphic type variables, e.g. g :: (forall a. a -> a) -> (Bool, Char) - In the definition of the function, polymorphic arguments - must be matched on the left-hand side, ...
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This image of comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle was obtained as part of a research effort at the Pic du Midi Observatory in France by a team of observers, including L. Jorda (Max Planck Institute for Aeronomie), J. Lecacheux (Meudon Observatory), F. Colas (Bureau des Longitudes, Paris), E. Frappa (Planetarium de Saint-Etienne, F...
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The rapid increase in carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution is heating the earth and decreased the ocean’s pH level. Sea temperature is predicted to rise by between 2 to 4 °C and ocean pH is predicted to decrease 0.2-0.4 units by the end of this century. These changes, along with associ...
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