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13,200 | Please write an abstract with title: Application and Research of UAV Remote Sensing Technology in Soil and Water Conservation, and key words: Systematics, Soil measurements, Measurement uncertainty, Water conservation, Soil, Real-time systems, Rivers. Abstract: Soil and water conservation is the prevention and treatment of soil and water loss caused by natural and human factors. It is a long-term, complex and comprehensive systematic project. Traditional soil and water conservation survey methods are easily affected by many factors, such as harsh environmental conditions, measurement equipment errors, human disturbance and so on. The VAV can carry a high-resolution digital camera for rapid shooting, collect and return data in real time, reflecting the advantages of high resolution, good effectiveness and strong operability. The application of VAV remote sensing technology can quickly and accurately obtain the required information and ensure the rationality and scientificity of the project. This paper introduces the advantages and application of VAV Remote Sensing Technology in soil and water conservation, and analyzes the development prospect of this technology in the related fields of soil and water conservation, which provides a reference for the improvement of the scientific and technological system of soil and water conservation. |
13,201 | Please write an abstract with title: An Unsupervised Network for Stereo Matching of Very High Resolution Satellite Imagery, and key words: Training, Surface reconstruction, Satellites, Image resolution, Three-dimensional displays, Supervised learning, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) were recently applied to stereo matching, which is one of the important steps in 3D reconstruction. In remote sensing using Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite imagery, CNN-based stereo matching is employed in Digital Surface Models (DSM) generation, achieving higher accuracy than conventional methods through supervised learning. Since ground-truth disparity maps calculated from reliable elevation data are hard to collect, unsupervised stereo matching methods are as significant as supervised ones. However, there are few studies on stereo matching of VHR satellite imagery with unsupervised learning. In this work, we propose an unsupervised stereo matching network for DSM generation. We also introduce a criterion to select the best epoch without using ground-truth data for validation in a training strategy of gradually increasing the weight of a smoothness loss. Experimental results show that our network performs better in the average endpoint error and the fraction of erroneous pixels than the baseline method of the used dataset without ground-truth data. |
13,202 | Please write an abstract with title: 20 Years of Experience in Organizing and Holding of Programming Competitions at the Novosibirsk State University, and key words: Training, Economics, Companies, Data structures, Personnel, History, Task analysis. Abstract: The paper contains a list of school and student contests in computer science and programming with a brief description, which have been held by Novosibirsk State University (NSU) for the last 20 years. The practice of using the automated system NSUts for checking programming tasks in the educational process and in programming contests at various levels is considered. |
13,203 | Please write an abstract with title: An Efficient Algorithm for the Anchored k-Core Budget Minimization Problem, and key words: Greedy algorithms, Social networking (online), Heuristic algorithms, Conferences, Merging, Companies, Minimization. Abstract: Online social networking companies devote much effort to maximize the engagement of users. Most existing methods assume that the budget is already known and focus on heuristic solutions to maximize the number of users that keep engaged. However, many real-life applications aim to keep the engagement of the majority of users in the social network. In such scenarios, the budget is flexible, and the goal is to minimize the budget used to keep these users active. In this paper, we define and study the anchored k-core budget minimization problem. Given an undirected graph G, a degree constraint k and a quota q for engaged users, this problem aims to minimize the budget that assures at least q users not in k-core keeping engaged.We propose CLOCK, an efficient greedy algorithm to solve the anchored k-core budget minimization problem. The main idea is to delete the anchored vertex with the lowest score in every iteration while maintaining the required number of engaged users. By considering the influence among the anchored vertices, a scoring function is well designed to identify the anchored vertices with high quality. Then we propose two merging strategies to get better anchored vertices. In addition, we dynamically maintain all anchored vertices by a local update strategy which avoids many redundant calculations. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments on real world datasets, demonstrating the effectiveness and efficiency of CLOCK. |
13,204 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of power electronics for a satellite flywheel energy storage system, and key words: Satellites, Flywheels, Energy storage, Brushless DC motors, DC motors, Space vehicles, Power electronics, Permanent magnet motors, Costs, Inverters. Abstract: This paper presents the design of power electronics for a satellite flywheel energy storage system. Design issues includes system design considerations, the design of power stage of the flywheel inverter/rectifier, and the control strategies. A novel twelve-step control scheme was used to improve the phase current transition of BDCM in generator mode. A simple bidirectional current-mode controller for the control of three-phase currents in the BDCM is described. A prototype has been built and preliminary tests have verified the control strategies. |
13,205 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of Reverse Conducting IGBT Concepts regarding Reverse-Recovery Behavior and Gate Drive Requirements, and key words: Insulated gate bipolar transistors, Europe, Voltage, Logic gates, Power electronics, Anodes. Abstract: Reverse Conducting IGBT use n-shorts at the backside emitter to allow conduction of the body diode of the MOS structure. The p-well of the MOS cell acts as an anode of the diode. The anode efficiency strongly depends on the gate-emitter voltage. There are different concepts on how to deal with this behavior. This paper describes the influence on the static and dynamic diode behavior and the consequences for the gate drive. |
13,206 | Please write an abstract with title: Web-Based Context Aware Information Retrieval in Contact Centers, and key words: Context awareness, Information retrieval, Information analysis, Internet telephony, Speech analysis, Productivity, Customer relationship management, Delay, Data acquisition, History. Abstract: One of the important challenges in today's contact center solutions is to increase the speed at which the agents can find information to respond to customer queries. In this paper, we study the issues relevant to information retrieval by contact center agents and propose a solution to address those issues. Our proposed solution is towards: (a) defining user specific, agent specific, and business specific contexts for contact center; (b) using simple mechanisms initially to derive current context of a query and pre-fetch the information and appropriately present the pre-fetched information to the agent; (c) derive contact center specific analyzed context based on past information about customer, agent and business scenarios to understand the context of the query; and (d) using the current and analyzed contexts to retrieve information. |
13,207 | Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Lactate Biosensor, and key words: Biosensors, Electrodes, Electrons, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Carbon nanotubes, Instruments, Plastics, Biomembranes, Voltage, Current measurement. Abstract: A novel disposable lactate biosensor was reported, which can measure the lactate in whole blood and other bio-fluids rapidly, accurately, expediently and directly. The biosensor was based on two kinds of electron mediator, the ferricyanide and the modified carbon nanotubes (CNT). Lactate oxidase (LOD) was coated on the electrodes. The sensor was fabricated by screen-printed techniques, the sample was supplied through capillary action and the volume was controlled by micro cavity. The liner range is 1~15 mmol/l, precision reaches 0.2 mmol/l . Compared with the respondence of sensor without carbon nanotubes, the characteristic of sensor include that is improved obviously |
13,208 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of Positive Unknown Input Observer for a Class of Positive Nonlinear Systems, and key words: Additives, Europe, Observers, Stability analysis, Nonlinear systems, Numerical stability. Abstract: This paper considers the design of nonlinear positive unknown input observer (NPUIO) for a class of positive nonlinear systems. Positivity and stability of nonlinear systems are analyzed and a possible design procedure for positive nonlinear systems without unknown input is provided as a preliminary exposition. To estimate the states of nonlinear system in the presence of unknown input, two classes of nonlinearity are considered. For the class of additive nonlinearity, the design equations for NPUIO are derived and reformulated in terms of LMI. The requirement of maintaining the positivity of observer parameters was a major challenge, which has been realized through the constraints imposed on design equations. |
13,209 | Please write an abstract with title: Estimation of the Quality of Glide Path Entrance by the Spectra of the Roll Angle Autocorrelation Functions, and key words: Aircraft, Correlation, Human factors, Aerospace electronics, Aerospace control, Conferences, Safety. Abstract: The presented work is devoted to assessing the quality of the entrance into glide path when piloting an aircraft at the landing stage. The main criterion for the quality of piloting in this flight segment is the accuracy of the aircraft which is entering the glide path. Accuracy is determined by: flight parameters, crew piloting technique and its psychophysiological state, as well as the accuracy of landing equipment. It is proposed to use the roll angle function during pre-landing maneuvering as a complex diagnostic parameter for assessing piloting when aircraft start entering into the glide path. Therefore, the spectra of the autocorrelation functions of the roll angle are used to analyze the assessment of the quality of the entrance to the glide path. Experimental studies have shown that when the B-737-500 flying, piloting quality from the fourth turn to landing is better than when entering the glide path. |
13,210 | Please write an abstract with title: An efficient integral equation analysis for characterizing lossy dielectric resonator, and key words: Dielectric losses, Integral equations, Dielectric loss measurement, Transmission line matrix methods, Dielectric measurements, Permittivity measurement, Loss measurement, Sparse matrices, Dielectric materials, Dielectric constant. Abstract: A volume integral equation approach for modeling lossy dielectric resonator in the Courtney holder type of measurement environment is presented. Volumetric cylindrical pulse basis function with point-matching method is used to formulate the eigen problem. In the measurement process where permittivity value is the searching parameter, perturbation of the matrix equation involves solely recomputing a diagonal matrix. A singularity treatment based on a Bessel function identity is proposed to tackle the inherited singularity problem. Rod and ring DRs are analyzed and the computed results are validated via that obtained from commercial software and measurement data available from literature. |
13,211 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of Novel Seven-Dimension Hyper Chaotic by Using SDIC and Waveform, and key words: Chaotic communication, Sensitivity, Signal analysis, Time-domain analysis, Trajectory, Testing, Information technology. Abstract: In this paper, a proposed novel seven dimensions (7D) hyperchaotic system with twelve positive parameters is presented. A chaotic behavior for the proposed system is proved through zero-one test, waveform analysis, Sensitivity Dependent on Initial Condition (SDIC) analysis and Lyapunov exponent. It is well known that one of the chaotic definitions is the proposed system is chaotic if it has positive Lyapunov exponent or it satisfies SDIC on its domain and it is known that the waveform analysis is an indication of the chaotic novel 7D system. It was approved that a little change in the initial values creates a high sensitivity in the chaotic behavior when the period time becomes large because the distance between initial conditions will become large. The dynamics of the novel 7D hyperchaotic simulated using the Mathematica program. Testing results show that the proposed system is hyperchaotic because it has three Lyapunov positive exponent, the time-domain waveform has non-cyclical characteristics and it has a better sensitivity dependent on initial condition on initial values. |
13,212 | Please write an abstract with title: OSs battle in the smart-phone market, and key words: Random access memory, Telephone sets, Read-write memory, Multimedia systems, Multitasking, Telephony, Electronic mail, Flash memory, Handwriting recognition, Market research. Abstract: Cellular phones are no longer just for making calls. They also function as PDAs, digital cameras, Internet consoles, and e-mail and instant messaging clients. Because of this, the operating systems used in phones have had to improve. This demand for better mobile OSs has changed the nature of the marketplace. And that marketplace is healthy, despite global economic problems, largely because smart-phone sales are increasing. |
13,213 | Please write an abstract with title: An overview of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mission, and key words: Mars, Reconnaissance, Vehicles, Payloads, Remote sensing, Telecommunications, Navigation, Relays, Geoscience, Planetary orbits. Abstract: The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) will be launched in August 2005 by an intermediate-class, expendable launch vehicle from Cape Canaveral Air Station, USA. It will deliver to Mars orbit a payload to conduct remote sensing science observations, characterize sites for future landers, and provide critical telecom/navigation relay capability for follow-on missions. The mission is designed to provide both global and targeted observations from a low 200 by 400 km Mars orbit with a 3:00 P.M. local mean solar time ascending node. During the one Martian year (687 Earth days) primary science phase, the orbiter will acquire visual and infrared high-resolution images of the planet's surface. After this science phase is completed, the orbiter will provide telecommunications support for spacecraft launched to Mars in the 2007 and 2009 opportunities. The primary mission ends on December 31, 2010, approximately 5.5 years after launch. |
13,214 | Please write an abstract with title: A review on Palmprint Recognition system using Machine learning and Deep learning methods, and key words: Deep learning, Technological innovation, Machine learning algorithms, Palmprint recognition, Neural networks, Lighting, Feature extraction. Abstract: Palmprints have fascinated academics attributable to their steady and exclusive residences as biometric technology grows to be extra popular. Over fingerprints and facial biometrics, palmprints offer extra targeted characteristic statistics for reputation systems. This study paper ambition to offer a complete overview of numerous palmprint popularity methods, together with ROI extraction mechanism, characteristic extraction strategy, and matching systems, in addition to a top-level view of to be had palmprint datasets, for you to apprehend the cutting-edge developments and studies dynamics with inside the palmprint popularity area. |
13,215 | Please write an abstract with title: Quantitative measures of the accuracy, comprehensibility, and completeness of a fuzzy expert system, and key words: Hybrid intelligent systems, Knowledge representation, Genetic algorithms, Fuzzy systems, Predictive models, Intelligent systems, Intelligent control, Control system synthesis, Laboratories, Genetic engineering. Abstract: Using optimization tools such as genetic algorithms to construct a fuzzy expert system (FES), focusing only on its accuracy without considering comprehensibility may result in a system that is not easy to understand or the so called a black box model. To exploit the transparency features of FESs for explanation in higher-level knowledge representation, a FES should provide high comprehensibility while preserving its accuracy. The completeness of fuzzy sets and rule structures should also be considered to guarantee that every data point has a response output. This paper proposes some quantitative measures to determine the degree of the accuracy, comprehensibility, and completeness of FESs. These quantitative measures are then used as a fitness function for a genetic algorithm in an optimally built FES. |
13,216 | Please write an abstract with title: On Correlation of Anisoelasticity, Angular Gain, and Temperature in Whole-Angle CVGs, and key words: Oscillators, Gyroscopes, Temperature sensors, Sensors, Feedback control, Mathematical models, Voltage control. Abstract: In Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes (CVG) operating in the Whole-Angle (WA) mode, due to the presence of anisoelasticity in the mechanical structure, the oscillation pattern deviates from an ideal straight line and turns into an elliptical shape. In a conventional WA control architecture, the ellipticity is quantified using the quadrature variable, and a feedback control loop is utilized to minimize quadrature, thus compensating for anisoelasticity in the gyroscope structure. In this paper, using simulation and experimental results, we demonstrated that while a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller can be adapted as the feedback loop to suppress quadrature by several orders of magnitude, it cannot fully eliminate the ellipticity. The effect of residual quadrature on precession was numerically modeled and the corresponding angular drift and angle bias errors were characterized. The simulation results were verified through experimental data of a Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEM) CVG. Furthermore, we modeled and evaluated the drift in angular gain due to variations in anisoelasticity. A Temperature Coefficient of Frequency (TCF) mismatch between the resonant modes, as the main mechanism causing anisoelasticity variations, was experimentally demonstrated to cause angular-gain temperature sensitivity in WA mode of operation. Our findings suggest that in the case of using a PI quadrature controller, residual quadrature and the corresponding effects on precession, including the angular-gain temperature sensitivity, can be reduced by a combination of increasing the feedback control gain and operating in a mode-matched condition. By following these two strategies, temperature sensitivity of angular gain in the MEM gyroscope was reduced by two orders of magnitude. We demonstrated an angular gain variation below 10 ppm for WA operation in a temperature range from 15 °C to 45 °C. By employing an active temperature controller, sub-ppm angular gain stability was experimentally demonstrated, realizing high-accuracy direct angle measurements for prolonged operation. |
13,217 | Please write an abstract with title: Automatic Creativity Measurement in Scratch Programs Across Modalities, and key words: Creativity, Semantics, Task analysis, Shape, Codes, Particle measurements, Atmospheric measurements. Abstract: Promoting creativity is considered an important goal of education, but creativity is notoriously hard to measure. In this article, we make the journey from defining a formal measure of creativity, that is, efficiently computable to applying the measure in a practical domain. The measure is general and relies on core theoretical concepts in creativity theory, namely fluency, flexibility, and originality, integrating with prior cognitive science literature. We adapted the general measure for projects in the popular visual programming language Scratch. We designed a machine learning model for predicting the creativity of Scratch projects, trained and evaluated on human expert creativity assessments in an extensive user study. Our results show that opinions about creativity in Scratch varied widely across experts. The automatic creativity assessment aligned with the assessment of the human experts more than the experts agreed with each other. This is a first step in providing computational models for measuring creativity that can be applied to educational technologies, and to scale up the benefit of creativity education in schools. |
13,218 | Please write an abstract with title: A Student-Centric Prototype for Courses Recommendation in Universities' Students Portal, and key words: Prototypes, Recommender systems, Portals, Neural networks, Usability, Electronic learning. Abstract: The development of Recommender Systems in universities students' portal provides a significant impact on the student study plan and grades. Such systems are more beneficial when they match the software interface usability goals. Henceforth, the students will be more likely to use them. To the best of our knowledge, there are no proposed prototypes neither research works for Courses Recommender Systems in universities students' portal. Hence, this paper will present a prototype proposal for such a system. The proposed prototype evaluation achieved 4.8643 on the Likert scale reflecting a system with high usability. |
13,219 | Please write an abstract with title: Potential environmental impact of mercury emissions from Portland cement kilns, and key words: Kilns, Marine animals, Computer aided analysis, Combustion, Uncertainty, Mercury (metals), Incineration, Power generation, Protection, Organisms. Abstract: The reduction of mercury (Hg) releases to the environment, particularly airborne mercury emissions, is currently a major focus of both US state and federal regulatory agencies. While mercury emissions from hazardous waste incinerators and fossil-fuel power plants have been and continue to be regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and the Clean Air Act (CAA), non-hazardous waste cement kilns are currently excluded from regularly controls. However, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) continues to assess the need for possible mercury emission controls nationwide, under the CAA, and for specific facilities, through the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Program of the Clean Water Act. The EPA's major concern appears to be the potential impacts the bioaccumulation of mercury in fish and other aquatic organisms may have on humans and wildlife that consume them. This paper uses fate and transport modeling to evaluate whether mercury emissions from cement kilns could pose unacceptable risks to fish-consuming populations in the area of a source because of high levels of methyl mercury that could accumulate in fish. Emphasis is placed on assessing the effects that parameter variability and the lack of the parameter specificity for environmental conditions have on risk assessment results. The key parameters that are evaluated include emission rates, mercury speciation, methylation rates, and watershed and water body configurations. The results of this assessment indicate that mercury emissions from cement kilns pose much less of a risk to fish consumers than mercury emissions from other types of combustion sources; however, there is substantial uncertainty in the risk estimates. These uncertainties in the EPA model for mercury emissions indicate that this model is only refined enough currently to screen risks from combustion facilities (to identify facilities that pose no significant risk of mercury exposure), but is insufficient to characterize risks for populations at any specific site. Finally, prior to any attempt at regulating Portland cement kiln mercury emissions, the EPA should refine and validate its models based on mercury emission and fish concentration data for actual sites. |
13,220 | Please write an abstract with title: Low-leakage diode string designs using triple-well technologies for RF-ESD applications, and key words: Diodes, Leakage current, CMOS technology, Electrostatic discharge, Bipolar transistors, CMOS process, BiCMOS integrated circuits, Protection, Voltage, Circuit synthesis. Abstract: This letter proposes a novel low-leakage diode string designs using triple-well technologies in 0.18-μm CMOS process for RF-electrostatic discharge (RF-ESD) applications. Based on the characteristics of the low-leakage current and low-capacitance in the triple-well diode string, it is convenient to apply it in RF-ESD (electrostatic discharge) protection circuit designs. As compared to the conventional p/sup +//n-well diode string, the substrate leakage current can be kept very small all the time before the triple-well diode string turns on. It results from the existence of the parasitic base-emitter tied p-n-p bipolar transistor in each triple-well diode. |
13,221 | Please write an abstract with title: P286/D11, Aug 2022 - IEEE Draft Recommended Practice for Measurement of Power Factor Tip-Up of Electric Machinery Stator Coil Insulation, and key words: IEEE Standards, Electronic equipment, Generators, Stator windings, Reactive power, Stators, Coils, Power measurement, Insulation, Capacitance. Abstract: This recommended practice covers power factor and power factor tip-up testing of stator coils and bars for use in large electric machinery. This also defines power factor, tangent delta, dissipation factor and conversions between these values. |
13,222 | Please write an abstract with title: An Autonomous Diet Recommendation Bot Using Intelligent Automation, and key words: Industries, Intelligent automation, Databases, Service robots, Supply chains, Mathematical models, Planning. Abstract: Robotic process automation(RPA) and intelligent automation have been replacing manual automation across various industries due to their significant ROI(return on investment). While Artificial intelligence is a simulation of the cognitive approach, RPA is merely mimicking that process by the use of bots. RPA and IA are emerging and transforming businesses across various sectors such as finance and accounting, payroll, human resources, supply chain, customer service, sales and marketing, IT etc.[5] One such industry where bots are being used for automating processes is the food and lifestyle industry. Various applications like healthify me and room suggest users a diet based on their specifications like height, weight, age, gender etc. Some of these applications make use of E-mail automation to suggest users with a user-specific, specially curated diet at timed intervals(daily/weekly/monthly..). Various tools such as Automation Anywhere, Blue prism, UI-Path, Pega etc.[4] are used to create bots and automate tasks/compute algorithms. The tool used for the creation of this diet recommendation system is Automation Anywhere. By making use of automation anywhere, a recommender system is created that can act as a meal planner. There are three types of bots in Automation Anywhere – task bots, meta bots and IQ bots. Task bots need to be edited manually with application updates. Metabots on the other hand, are more advanced. They are designed in such a way that bot-recalibration is automatically applied with changes in the application interface. IQ bots use cognitive technology when working with unstructured data[11]. Here, For this particular application, taskbots and metabots are used. The proposed solution is capable of sending a large number of diet recommendations to hundreds of users in a database at a very expeditious rate. |
13,223 | Please write an abstract with title: High-Power and High-Linearity Photodiodes at 1064 nm, and key words: Photodiodes, Photoconductivity, III-V semiconductor materials, Temperature measurement, Bandwidth, Current measurement, Linearity. Abstract: Back-illuminated flip-chip-bonded InP/InGaAs modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes working at 1064 nm wavelength are demonstrated. The RF output powers of photodiodes with diameters of 10 μm and 20 μm are 15 dBm at 60 GHz and 21.7 dBm at 39 GHz, respectively. The measured third-order output intercept point (OIP3) shows a high linearity of 33 dBm at 40 GHz. A circuit analysis based on Z-parameter extraction indicates that voltage-dependent and photocurrent-dependent capacitance components are the primary nonlinear mechanisms. |
13,224 | Please write an abstract with title: A data fusion approach for distributed orbit estimation, and key words: Satellites, Information filters, State estimation, Clustering algorithms, Global Positioning System, Distance measurement, Velocity measurement, Information filtering, Calibration, Hardware. Abstract: To achieve good on-board SAR processing results a precise knowledge of the position of the concerned satellites is essential. For this reason we develop real-time orbit estimation and calibration algorithms which in spite of the small time frame improve the position estimates in an efficient way. Considering future satellite cluster missions (e.g. Cartwheel, Pendulum, Techsat 21, ...), it will be possible to reduce the computing time by splitting of the processing load onto several algorithms that can be implemented in the individual satellites' hardware. The satellites can be considered as a distributed sensor network, which individual (sensor-) nodes have local processors that are used to calculate state estimates using all available data (we want to combine GPS derived and intersatellite distance measurements). A node to node communication is necessary to ensure that no information is lost in order to yield the best possible estimates. The paper specifies advantages and disadvantages of decentralized estimation and compares computational burden and estimation accuracy of decentralized and standard Kalman filter approaches and also analyzes the communication overhead |
13,225 | Please write an abstract with title: Omnibus verification policies: a flexible, configurable approach to assertion-based software verification, and key words: Java, Object oriented modeling, Mathematics, Software engineering, Runtime, Project management, HTML, Documentation, Testing, Packaging. Abstract: The three main assertion-based verification approaches are: design by contract (DBC), extended static checking (ESC) and verified design by contract (VDBC). Each approach offers a different balance between rigour and ease of use making them appropriate in different situations. Our goal is to explore the use of these approaches together in a flexible way, enabling an application to be broken down into sections with different reliability requirements and different verification approaches used in each section. We explain the benefits of using the approaches together, present a set of guidelines to avoid potential conflicts and give an overview of how the Omnibus IDE provides support for the full range of assertion-based verification approaches within a single tool. |
13,226 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of MM5 integrated water vapor with microwave radiometer, GPS, and radiosonde measurements, and key words: Microwave radiometry, Global Positioning System, Microwave measurements, Predictive models, Weather forecasting, Position measurement, Statistical analysis, Condition monitoring, Radio interferometry, Numerical models. Abstract: A large dataset of concurrent integrated precipitable water vapor (IPWV) estimates from ground-based microwave radiometers (MWRs), global positioning system (GPS) ground-receivers, and radiosonde observations (RAOBs) has been collected in five different sites in Central Italy. Both MWRs and GPS have shown a capability of accurate and continuous water vapor monitoring. These data are used to study the seasonal and spatial variability of IPWV. A comparison of these data with the IPWV field produced operationally by the nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model (MM5), running at the University of L'Aquila/Center of Excellence (CETEMPS) is performed in order to find either model shortcomings and to corroborate the IPWV behavior highlighted by the measurements. Both measurements and model outputs span over a period of about one year allowing for a systematic statistical analysis for all the examined stations. The statistical analysis shows a good agreement between GPS and MWR data, whereas discrepancies are found between RAOBs and the other techniques. The IPWV shows the largest diurnal variability, approximately 3%, during the summer season. An overall good agreement is found between the forecasted and observed IPWV. The related statistical parameters show a very low bias (0.001 cm) with a good correlation coefficient (0.939). On the other hands, the seasonal analyses highlight a few discrepancies, mostly due to the MM5 difficulties in correctly forecasting the diurnal cycle. |
13,227 | Please write an abstract with title: A New MPC Formulation Based on Suboptimal Voltage Vectors for Multilevel Inverters, and key words: Switches, Capacitors, Voltage control, Computational efficiency, Topology, Control systems, Termination of employment. Abstract: Different new model predictive control (MPC) formulations have been recently proposed to reduce the real-time computation load, which makes the MPC algorithm promising for multilevel power converters. Unlike the conventional MPC formulation, which searches for the optimal switching state at each sampling time, the existing computationally efficient MPC formulations are to search for the optimal output voltage in the first stage. In the second stage, only the switching state redundancy under this optimal output voltage established in the first stage will be employed to achieve multiobjective. These computationally efficient MPC formulations based on searching an optimal voltage vector are usually validated on the power converter topologies with abundant switching redundancy or without floating capacitors. However, for the emerging topologies with less switching redundancy and floating capacitors, such as the five-level (5L) T-type nested neutral point clamped (T-NNPC) converters topology, the existing computationally efficient formulations based on optimal output voltage vector can lead to potential capacitor control failure due to the sacrificed multiobjective control performance. To address this issue, this article presents a novel MPC formulation based on suboptimal output voltage vectors considering both the system’s multiobjective control performance and computation burden reduction. With the determined suboptimal voltage vectors, a small group of the switching state candidate can be established to improve the system’s multiobjective control performance and efficiency. The proposed MPC formulation is finally validated on a 5L T-NNPC topology. |
13,228 | Please write an abstract with title: Using High Performance Approaches to Covid-19 Vaccines Sentiment Analysis, and key words: COVID-19, Sentiment analysis, Social networking (online), Bit error rate, Position measurement, Market research, Tag clouds. Abstract: Coronavirus has emerged as challenge for the whole mankind causing illness worldwide. To eradicate the disease, global efforts are put increasing to develop its vaccine. In order to achieve the immunity against the virus, wide provision of vaccine is necessary. To make sure the distribution of vaccines, the sentiments of people for vaccines must be analyzed. Now-a-days, people share their thoughts, feelings and feedback about anything they experience on social media platforms. In this study, high performance approaches have been used for the analysis of the sentiments of people about vaccines. In this study, we have used the freely available data and applied pre-processing over it. We found out the polarity values of the tweets using TextBlob() function of Python and drew the wordclouds for positive, negative and neutral tweets. We used BERT model for understanding the people’s feelings and feedback about vaccines. The model evaluation was performed using precision, recall and F measure. The BERT model achieved achieved 55 % & 54 % precision, 69 % & 85 % recall and 58 % & 64 % F score for positive class and negative class respectively. Therefore, the use of artificial intelligence in social media analysis produce fruitful results while determining the people’s attitude towards ant new trend, topic and any emergency situation. These methods helps to grow the vaccines campaigns timely by solving the people’s concerns about vaccines. |
13,229 | Please write an abstract with title: Magnifying Side-Channel Leakage of Lattice-Based Cryptosystems With Chosen Ciphertexts: The Case Study of Kyber, and key words: Cryptography, Quantum computing, Computers, Elliptic curve cryptography, Side-channel attacks, Search problems, Resistance. Abstract: Lattice-based cryptography, as an active branch of post-quantum cryptography (PQC), has drawn great attention from side-channel analysis researchers in recent years. Despite the various side-channel targets examined in previous studies, detail on revealing the secret-dependent information efficiently is less studied. In this paper, we propose adaptive EM side-channel attacks with carefully constructed ciphertexts on Kyber, which is a finalist of NIST PQC standardization project. We demonstrate that specially chosen ciphertexts allow an adversary to modulate the leakage of a target device and enable full key extraction with a small number of traces through simple power analysis. Compared to prior research, our techniques require fewer traces and avoid building complex templates. We practically evaluate our methods using both a reference implementation and the ARM-specific implementation in pqm4 library. For the reference implementation, we target the leakage of the output of the inverse NTT computation and recover the full key with only four traces. For the pqm4 implementation, we develop a message-recovery attack that leads to extraction of the full secret key with between eight and 960 traces, depending on the compiler optimization level. We discuss the relevance of our findings to other lattice-based schemes and explore potential countermeasures. |
13,230 | Please write an abstract with title: Sense amplifier based RADHARD flip flop design, and key words: Clocks, Delay, Radiation hardening, Frequency, Digital systems, Microprocessors, Error analysis, Logic devices, Sequential circuits, CMOS technology. Abstract: In this paper, a sense amplifier based radiation hardening (RADHARD) flip flop design is presented. The sense amplifier based master stage reduces the loading to the clock network. The proposed improvement on the slave stage shortens the data to Q delay. The simulation results indicate that the proposed design has a shorter data to Q delay than the flip flop design used in Alpha 21264 microprocessors. The proposed design can be fabricated in the mainstream commercial digital complementary metal oxide semiconductor process. |
13,231 | Please write an abstract with title: A Multiple Decoder Cnn For Inverse Consistent 3d Image Registration, and key words: Training, Image registration, Three-dimensional displays, Magnetic resonance imaging, Tools, Registers, Iterative methods. Abstract: The application of deep learning approaches in medical image registration has decreased the registration time and increased registration accuracy. Most of the learning-based registration approaches considers this task as a one directional problem. As a result, only correspondence from the moving image to the target image is considered. However, in some medical procedures bidirectional registration is required. Here, we propose a registration framework with inverse consistency. The proposed method learns in an unsupervised manner a bidirectional transformation that approximates a diffeomorphism. We perform training and testing of the method on the publicly available LPBA40 MRI dataset and demonstrate its strong performance. |
13,232 | Please write an abstract with title: High-Efficiency High-Order <i>CL-LLC</i> DC/DC Converter With Wide Input Voltage Range, and key words: Harmonic analysis, Resonant frequency, Power harmonic filters, Frequency conversion, Voltage control, Topology, Resonant converters. Abstract: A novel multiresonant dc-dc converter is presented in this article, which owns a wide input voltage range and better voltage gain characteristics. Due to the addition of an antiresonant tank with a notch filter function, the converter introduces third harmonics in the power transmission, which can reduce the circulating energy in the resonant tank and reduce the loss of rectifier diode, thus improving the efficiency. The CL-LLC converter can realize soft switching in the full-load range. This article introduces the operating principle of the converter and the method of the parameters design. Finally, a 350-500 V input and 24 V/400-W prototype is designed to verify the correctness of the theory. |
13,233 | Please write an abstract with title: Elimination of Undetectable Attacks on Natural Gas Networks, and key words: Natural gas, Mathematical model, Pipelines, Analytical models, Topology, Noise measurement, SCADA systems. Abstract: Natural gas pipeline system operations rely heavily on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. While the SCADA systems introduce many advantages, they also introduce more vulnerabilities by providing opportunities for malicious cyber-attackers. If the cyber-attacks properly modify pressures, flows, and the topology the operator believes is present simultaneously, the cyber-attacks can be undetectable. While this topic has received attention for electrical grids, other cyber-physical systems have seen much less study on this topic. Natural gas networks are employed extensively to power generators in the electrical grid, so attacks on natural gas networks are very important. We have not seen any research on this topic for natural gas networks yet. The particular nonlinear equations which model natural gas networks make the analysis much more difficult. In this paper, we study undetectable attacks on natural gas networks in a signal processing perspective by describing the steady-state mathematical model and sensor measurements. We propose a countermeasure to eliminate undetectable attacks by protecting sensors in specific locations. We present an example that describes how an operator can be misled if the proposed countermeasure is not applied. In such cases, the operator could apply inappropriate control which could damage the system or cause a loss of critical gas supply to customers. |
13,234 | Please write an abstract with title: High Range Resonators for Rotation Sensing: Design and Demonstration, and key words: Q-factor, Power transmission lines, Phase measurement, Split ring resonators, Resonant frequency, Transmission line measurements, Sensors. Abstract: Rotation sensing using RF/Microwave resonant sensors has its limitations concerning resolution, ease of implementation and measurement range. In this work, an asymmetric split ring resonator (ESRR) is proposed as a sensing element in conjunction with a host transmission line. A rotation sensor using the resonators with slotline excitation is presented. The sensor can distinctly detect angles from 0 – 240° using frequency variation technique with a reasonably linear relationship. |
13,235 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust Delay Compensation Strategy for LCL-Type Grid-Connected Inverter in Weak Grid, and key words: Delays, Resonant frequency, Inverters, Impedance, Low-pass filters, Robustness, Damping. Abstract: Capacitor-current-feedback active damping has been widely adopted in digitally controlled LCL-type grid-connected inverters (GCIs). However, their digital control delay causes the system stability to deteriorate within a negative damping range. Particularly, in a weak grid, such GCIs are prone to be unstable against the grid impedance variation. To address the above problem, a delay compensation strategy is proposed for an LCL-type GCI, in which a second-order low-pass filter (LPF) is inserted into the capacitor-current-feedback path. This increases the virtual-positive-resistance-region from one-sixth of the sampling frequency to almost within the Nyquist frequency. Therefore, the robustness of the grid-connected inverter can be significantly enhanced against the grid impedance variation. Furthermore, to ensure the system stability and improve the injecting current tracking performance, a proportional complex integral (PCI) strategy is adopted. More specifically, a robustness analysis is conducted under discrete domain. Finally, a 2-kW prototype is constructed, and the experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the theoretical expectations. |
13,236 | Please write an abstract with title: A 2D Discrete Chaotic Memristive Map and Its Application in Robot’s Path Planning, and key words: Statistical analysis, Circuits and systems, Simulation, Vacuum technology, Control systems, Path planning, Cleaning. Abstract: In this work, for the first time, the use of a discrete memristive chaotic system for controlling the motion of a mobile robot is presented. The main goal is to cover as soon as possible a given area with the least number of motion commands. Firstly, the analysis of the proposed system is presented in details. After the selection of the set of parameters and initial conditions, in order for the system to be chaotic, it is applied in a mobile robot’s path planning problem. The simulation results proved that there is a lower limit in the system’s integration step h where its performance is efficient. Also, the same technique was applied in the case of a vacuum cleaning robot. As it is observed from the simulation results the robot managed to cover almost all of the given area in a satisfactory number of motion commands avoiding the collision with the placed obstacles. |
13,237 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of Overlapped Subarrays Based on Aperture Reactive Loading, and key words: Antenna arrays, Electromagnetic waveguides, Loaded antennas, Apertures, Loading, Antenna radiation patterns, Gratings. Abstract: A novel technique is presented for the design and optimization of waveguide antenna arrays based on overlapping subarrays for limited field-of-view (FoV) applications. Each subarray consists of one directly fed antenna element and several passive reactive-loaded elements. The proposed overlapping scheme exploits a free-space reactive coupling instead of more conventional schemes based on complex beamforming networks. This results in a drastic reduction in the number of waveguide components required in the feeding network. The optimization of the considered class of array structures using a full-wave electromagnetic (EM) solver is extremely time-consuming even in the presence of subarrays with a reduced number of passive elements. To overcome this limitation, an effective semi-analytical design algorithm has been specifically developed. Using this algorithm, a novel subarray structure with a predefined pulse-shaped radiation pattern was synthesized. The designed subarray is inherently matched and features reduced spurious EM coupling level with adjacent subarray elements. In particular, the analysis of an array consisting of 38 such subarray elements has been carried out with the main goal of illustrating the effect of the subarray pattern on the total array characteristics. To validate the subarray overlapping scheme, an array composed of three contiguous subarrays has been realized and measured experimentally. In this way, a scan range in the FoV [-4°; 4°] with 15 dB grating lobe suppression has been demonstrated. |
13,238 | Please write an abstract with title: Theoretical study on diversity of population in parallel genetic algorithms, and key words: Genetic algorithms, Genetic mutations, Convergence, Machine learning, Helium, Educational institutions, Density measurement, Equations, Artificial intelligence, Mathematical model. Abstract: In this paper, conditional probability density and marginal distribution are proposed as measures of population in genetic algorithms. The influence of selection, crossover and mutation on population distribution is analyzed. In addition, the recursive equations governing population density are derived, and a conclusion of global convergence is also shown. |
13,239 | Please write an abstract with title: Context-aware code certification, and key words: Java, Software safety, Certification, Runtime, Computer bugs, HTML, Software engineering, Application software, Counting circuits, Costs. Abstract: One challenging issue in automated software engineering is to ensure safety of software execution in changing contexts. In such a scenario, various users, the "code consumers", download an application from a remote server and execute it in their heterogeneous environments. In this paper, a generic meta-level framework (C/sup 3/) that allows easy adaptation to different contexts for automated safety certification of annotated programs is presented. Context-dependent safety requirements are decoupled from the program specification. The Floyd-Hoarc verification method is extended, and a verification condition generator for deriving generic safety preconditions in terms of generic safety predicates is devised and implemented. The generated safety conditions are simplified and transformed into a negated normal form. This translates the safety verification task into the equivalent task to disprove the existence of a counter example in relation to the selected context. One distinguishing feature of C/sup 3/ is that safety contexts are meta-level interface specifications. Lifting maps the proof tasks onto the meta-level. Context-dependent safety checking is performed by meta-level reasoning and constraint-solving. A proof of concept implementation was applied to automatically certify absence of context-specific runtime errors and to identify bugs in several cases. |
13,240 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on precipitation caused by rainstorms based on characteristic analysis and prediction model, and key words: Analytical models, Precipitation, Statistical analysis, Computational modeling, Urban areas, Time series analysis, Predictive models. Abstract: In recent years, frequent rainstorms and snowfalls in various parts of China have seriously threatened the lives, safety, and property of local people. Therefore, this paper establishes the prediction model of potential extreme precipitation events and the quantitative analysis model of loss in different cities to predict extreme precipitation events effectively, minimize losses, and protect people's lives. After the data processing, the daily precipitation data of Zhengzhou are converted into annual precipitation data. Then a series of characteristics are analyzed, such as annual precipitation trend, precipitation causes, abrupt change, periodicity, stationarity, precipitation rate, extreme precipitation rate, etc. Then, three prediction models are selected: BP neural network, ARIMA time series, and XGBoost. In the final model test, the prediction effect of XGBoost is the best. |
13,241 | Please write an abstract with title: The effect of mobility-induced location errors on geographic routing in mobile ad hoc sensor networks: analysis and improvement using mobility prediction, and key words: Intelligent networks, Routing protocols, Mobile ad hoc networks, Predictive models, Error correction, Error analysis, Analytical models, Computational modeling, Mobile communication, Computer networks. Abstract: Geographic routing has been introduced in mobile ad hoc networks and sensor networks. Under ideal settings, it has been proven to provide drastic performance improvement over strictly address centric routing schemes. While geographic routing has been shown to be correct and efficient when location information is accurate, its performance in the face of location errors is not well understood. We study the effect of inaccurate location information caused by node mobility under a rich set of scenarios and mobility models. We identify two main problems, named LLNK and LOOP, that are caused by mobility-induced location errors. Based on analysis via ns-2 simulations, we propose two mobility prediction schemes - neighbor location prediction (NLP) and destination location prediction (DLP) to mitigate these problems. Simulation results show noticeable improvement under all mobility models used in our study. Under the settings we examine, our schemes achieve up to 27 percent improvement in packet delivery and 37 percent reduction in network resource wastage, on average without incurring any additional communication or intense computation. |
13,242 | Please write an abstract with title: Safe Data-Driven Contact-Rich Manipulation, and key words: Analytical models, Humanoid robots, Gaussian processes, Predictive models, Aerospace electronics, Safety, Closed loop systems. Abstract: In this paper, we address the safety of data-driven control for contact-rich manipulation. We propose to restrict the controller’s action space to keep the system in a set of safe states. In the absence of an analytical model, we show how Gaussian Processes (GP) can be used to approximate safe sets. We disable inputs for which the predicted states are likely to be unsafe using the GP. Furthermore, we show how locally designed feedback controllers can be used to improve the execution precision in the presence of modelling errors. We demonstrate the benefits of our method on a pushing task with a variety of dynamics, by using known and unknown surfaces and different object loads. Our results illustrate that the proposed approach significantly improves the performance and safety of the baseline controller. |
13,243 | Please write an abstract with title: Automated Design Optimization for CMOS Rectifier Using Deep Neural Network (DNN), and key words: Deep Neural Network, Neuron, Deep Learning, CMOS Rectifier, Optimization. Abstract: A previously designed CMOS rectifier is optimized with the help of Deep Neural Network (DNN) to identify maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) for various input RF power (from antenna) and load conditions. The condition for an additional improvement of 1.8% in PCE is identified and cross validated with simulation result. |
13,244 | Please write an abstract with title: Reliability of Substrate Embedded Rectifiers for High Voltage Applications, and key words: Temperature measurement, Rectifiers, Substrates, Heating systems, Thermal conductivity, Heat sinks, Conductivity. Abstract: As of today, various solutions to handle the dissipating heat of power electronics devices are available. These include the application of heatsinks, overmolding, embedding of components into substrates, use of substrates with embedded metal or ceramic heatsinks or liquid cooling approaches. When it comes to power electronics for high voltages and fast switching the parasitic capacity has to be considered. This parasitic capacity affects the electrical performance and may finally even lead to damage of the device. Embedding of metal heatsinks or mounting a substrate to a metal heatsink can even increase the parasitic capacity and hence, worsen the scenario. In this project a rectifier had to be built suitable for voltages of up to 20 kV and switching frequencies of 100 kHz while achieving a low parasitic capacity of max. 3 pF. High voltage diodes were selected to meet the electrical requirements. To fullfil both the thermal and capacitance demands the diodes were embedded into a substrate made from a highly thermal conductive FR4 material. In addition, the substrate is mounted to a ceramic heatsink to enable a superior cooling but to limit the parasitic capacity at the same time. This setup was characterised for its thermal management behaviour in the as build state. Though the lamination of the substrate to the ceramic heatsink showed some challenges its cooling performance could be assessed. Subsequently, the system without the ceramic heatsink was exposed to temperature shock cycles at -40/+125°C for up to 2,000 cycles to analyse the long term stability of the system behaviour. For the repeated investigation of the thermal behaviour and the structural integrity of the system a novel analysis approach using an infrared camera was applied. Cross sections were done in addition to verify the results from the novel thermal analysis approach. As of now no thermo-mechanical damage of the rectifier could be observed proving the ability of the embedding approach and the validity of the results gained with the novel non-destructive analysis approach. |
13,245 | Please write an abstract with title: Weakly-Supervised Object Detection Learning through Human-Robot Interaction, and key words: Training, Adaptation models, Pipelines, Supervised learning, Humanoid robots, Object detection, Robot sensing systems. Abstract: Reliable perception and efficient adaptation to novel conditions are priority skills for humanoids that function in dynamic environments. The vast advancements in latest computer vision research, brought by deep learning methods, are appealing for the robotics community. However, their adoption in applied domains is not straightforward since adapting them to new tasks is strongly demanding in terms of annotated data and optimization time. Nevertheless, robotic platforms, and especially humanoids, present opportunities (such as additional sensors and the chance to explore the environment) that can be exploited to overcome these issues.In this paper, we present a pipeline for efficiently training an object detection system on a humanoid robot. The proposed system allows to iteratively adapt an object detection model to novel scenarios, by exploiting: (i) a teacher-learner pipeline, (ii) weakly supervised learning techniques to reduce the human labeling effort and (iii) an on-line learning approach for fast model re-training. We use the R1 humanoid robot for both testing the proposed pipeline in a real-time application and acquire sequences of images to benchmark the method. We made the code of the application publicly available. |
13,246 | Please write an abstract with title: Privacy-Preserving Similarity Search With Efficient Updates in Distributed Key-Value Stores, and key words: Cryptography, Servers, Indexes, Protocols, Cloud computing, Encryption, Search problems. Abstract: Privacy-preserving similarity search plays an essential role in data analytics, especially when very large encrypted datasets are stored in the cloud. Existing mechanisms on privacy-preserving similarity search were not able to support secure updates (addition and deletion) efficiently when frequent updates are needed. In this article, we propose a new mechanism to support parallel privacypreserving similarity search in a distributed key-value store in the cloud, with a focus on efficient addition and deletion operations, both executed with sublinear time complexity. If search accuracy is the top priority, we further leverage Yao's garbled circuits and the homomorphic property of Hash-ElGamal encryption to build a secure evaluation protocol, which can obtain the top-R most accurate results without extensive client-side post-processing. We have formally analyzed the security strength of our proposed approach, and performed an extensive array of experiments to show its superior performance as compared to existing mechanisms in the literature. In particular, we evaluate the performance of our proposed protocol with respect to the time it takes to build the index and perform similarity queries. Extensive experimental results demonstrated that our protocol can speedup the index building process by up to 800x with 2 threads and the similarity queries by up to -7x with comparable accuracy, as compared to the state-of-the-art in the literature. |
13,247 | Please write an abstract with title: A monolithic voice recorder, and key words: Frequency, Delta modulation, Crosstalk, Human voice, Sampling methods, Instruments, Reconstruction algorithms, Speech analysis, Circuit synthesis, Control system synthesis. Abstract: A monolithic voice recorder performing realtime recording and reproduction of human voice will be described. Device contains a 10Kb dynamic shift register array and a continuously-variable-slope-delta-modulator. |
13,248 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of Acquisition Results on iPhone 7 Plus (iOS 14.8.1) between Jailbreaking vs Non-Jailbreaking Device, and key words: Law enforcement, Forensics, Data integrity, Data acquisition, NIST, Mobile handsets, Information and communication technology. Abstract: Apple products have been increasingly popular in individual families and businesses over the last 20 years. It was out of a greater desire to learn how to obtain an apple device in a forensic manner for law enforcement. Our research focuses on finding answers to whether the use of jailbreaking techniques can be forensically used to equip data acquisition process on iOS 14.8.1. The methodology of National Institute of standards and technology (NIST) is referred to guide the digital investigation process on mobile device and the MOBILedit Forensic Express tool is used to acquire the potential data from the jailed and jailbreak iDevice. The result shows that more data can be acquired from the jailbreak phone and their data integrity is well preserved. |
13,249 | Please write an abstract with title: Pro-active Page Replacement for Scientific Applications: A Characterization, and key words: Operating systems, Application software, Memory management, Computer science, Intelligent systems, Prefetching, Technological innovation, Runtime, Linux, Biomedical imaging. Abstract: Paging policies implemented by today's operating systems cause scientific applications to exhibit poor performance, when the application's working set does not fit in main memory. This has been typically attributed to the sub-optimal performance of LRU-like virtual-memory replacement algorithms. On one end of the spectrum, researchers in the past have proposed fully automated compiler-based techniques that provide crucial information on future access patterns (reuse-distances, release hints etc) of an application that can be exploited by the operating system to make intelligent prefetching and replacement decisions. Static techniques like the aforementioned can be quite accurate, but require that the source code be available and analyzable. At the other end of the spectrum, researchers have also proposed pure system-level algorithmic innovations to improve the performance of LRU-like algorithms, some of which are only interesting from the theoretical sense and may not really be implementable. Instead, in this paper we explore the possibility of tracking application's runtime behavior in the operating system, and find that there are several useful characteristics in the virtual memory behavior that can be anticipated and used to pro-actively manage physical memory usage. Specifically, we show that LRU-like replacement algorithms hold onto pages long after they outlive their usefulness and propose a new replacement algorithm that exploits the predictability of the application's page-fault patterns to reduce the number of page-faults. Our results demonstrate that such techniques can reduce page-faults by as much as 78% over both LRU and EELRU that is considered to be one of the state-of-the-art algorithms towards addressing the performance shortcomings of LRU. Further, we also present an implementable replacement algorithm within the operating system, that performs considerably better than the Linux kernel's replacement algorithm |
13,250 | Please write an abstract with title: Low Voltage Adaptive Biased OTA with Enhanced Slew Rate and its application in Universal Filter, and key words: Workability, Low voltage, Monte Carlo methods, MISO communication, Threshold voltage, Robustness, Real-time systems. Abstract: Low voltage low power operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) with enhanced slew rate and dc gain has been proposed in this work. The proposed OTA is implemented using Dynamic threshold MOS transistors (DTMOS) to unite both high transconductance and low voltage properties of DTMOS. Additionally, cross coupled positive feedback and adaptive bias circuit are used to provide enhanced dc gain and slew rate. The proposed OTA is designed with TSMC 180 nm CMOS technology using Mentor Graphics at ± 0.4V supply voltage. It achieves dc gain as 70.26 dB, gain-bandwidth as 1.21 MHz with rising/falling slew rates as +15.93V/μS/ −18.21 V/μS and CMRR as 76. 2SdB along with 0.044μW power dissipation. Besides, the universal MISO filter implemented using proposed OTA authenticates its competency. Furthermore, Monte Carlo and temperature analysis confirms its sturdiness against aspect ratio and temperature variations. |
13,251 | Please write an abstract with title: A Learning Model of Evoked EEG Signals Based on PCA and Semi-supervised SVM, and key words: Support vector machines, Training, Analytical models, Brain modeling, Linear programming, Electroencephalography, Data models. Abstract: Since in the recognition of Evoked electroencephalograph (EEG) signal (P300 signal), there are many problems such as a large amount of data to be collected, multiple acquisition channels, complex calculation, difficulty in obtaining label samples by traditional recognition model and long training time, a learning model based on principal component analysis (PCA) and semi-supervised support vector machine (SVM) was proposed. In this model, the EEG signal is preprocessed first, and then the PCA method is used to reduce the dimensionality of the collected brain channels to obtain a set of optimal channel subsets that have a good response to the P300 signal. On this basis, the semi-supervised classification model based on SVM is designed, and improves on the traditional discriminant analysis method, through a Euclidean distance between tag data and no labels to obtain the relationship of them, and, in turn, to optimize the objective function, to solve the projection vector, feature extraction, and then vote classification approach to the final recognition. Finally, experimental verification is carried out. The results show that the method can obtain 84.3% of the correct classification results under 40% of the label data. It has a good application prospect in the context of only a small amount of label data and reduces the time complexity. It has greater application value for online systems. |
13,252 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of a 5.8 GHz unfolded Lange coupler on the FR4 substrate, and key words: Coupling circuits, Impedance, Electronic design automation and methodology, Microstrip, Bonding, Solid modeling, Design optimization, Directional couplers, Wires, Equivalent circuits. Abstract: This paper describes the design of a 10 dB unfolded Lange coupler for operation at centering frequency of 5.8 GHz. The coupler is designed using the EDA software that has tuning and optimization features. The coupler is designed to have a coupling factor of 10 /spl plusmn/ 0.5 dB. In the design, microstripline is implemented. For the fabrication, FR4 substrate is used. |
13,253 | Please write an abstract with title: Parallel FDTD Modeling of Nonlocality in Plasmonics, and key words: Time-domain analysis, Plasmons, Mathematical model, Finite difference methods, Computational modeling, Hydrodynamics, Plasmas. Abstract: As nanofabrication techniques become more precise, with ever smaller feature sizes, the ability to model nonlocal effects in plasmonics becomes increasingly important. Although nonlocal models based on hydrodynamics have been implemented using various computational electromagnetics techniques, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) version has remained elusive. Here, we present a comprehensive FDTD implementation of nonlocal hydrodynamics, including parallel computing. As a subnanometer step size is required to resolve nonlocal effects, a parallel implementation makes the computational cost of nonlocal FDTD more affordable. We first validate our algorithms for small spherical metallic particles, and find that nonlocality smears out staircasing artifacts at metal surfaces, increasing the accuracy over local models. We find this also for a larger nanostructure with sharp extrusions. The large size of this simulation, where nonlocal effects are clearly present, highlights the importance and impact of a parallel implementation in FDTD. |
13,254 | Please write an abstract with title: A Redirected Learning Architecture for Non-linear Digital Pre-distortion, and key words: Computer architecture, Inverse problems, Predistortion, Data models, Wideband, Radio frequency, Phase shift keying. Abstract: This paper introduces the redirected learning architecture (RLA) for estimating non-linear digital pre-distortion models for non-linear devices such as power amplifiers. Existing architectures can be classified as direct learning architectures (DLA) or indirect learning architectures (ILA). DLAs first learn a model of the device and then determine a pre-distorter by either directly inverting the device model or estimating a pre-inverse of the model. The RLA is similar to a DLA, but rather than learning a model of the device, the RLA uses fixed-point iteration to determine a set of input/output pairs which characterize the device. These pairs are then used to estimate the pre-distorter by redirecting learning from the device to the pre-distorter. The fixed-point iteration is shown to converge under a mild condition. Simulation of a class AB power amplifier reveals improved suppression of harmonic distortion compared to a pth order inverse approach. |
13,255 | Please write an abstract with title: Group Testing for Community Infections, and key words: COVID-19, Pandemics, Testing, Entropy, Medical services, Probabilistic logic, Adaptation models, Design for experiments. Abstract: Group testing is the technique of pooling together diagnostic samples in order to increase the efficiency of medical testing. Traditionally, works in group testing assume that the infections are i.i.d. However, contagious diseases like COVID-19 are governed by community spread and hence the infections are correlated. This survey presents an overview of recent research progress that leverages the community structure to further improve the efficiency of group testing. We show that taking into account the side-information provided by the community structure may lead to significant savings—up to 60% fewer tests compared to traditional test designs. We review lower bounds and new approaches to encoding and decoding algorithms that take into account the community structure and integrate group testing into epidemiological modeling. Finally, we also discuss a few important open questions in this space. |
13,256 | Please write an abstract with title: Ultra-fast facial recognition system based on VanderLugt Correlator, and key words: Face recognition, Correlators, Image databases, Optical filters, Liquid crystal displays, Signal detection, Magnetic resonance, Optical recording, Optical arrays, Physics. Abstract: We fabricated a fast facial recognition system based on Vanderlugt Correlator using FLC-SLM. We implemented the system to 1000 faces/s throughput of 1-channel processing and obtained the high recognition rate of 95% as a result. |
13,257 | Please write an abstract with title: CSIT XXX – Applied Programming for All Majors: A Contextualized Course Based on Inter-Disciplinary Curriculum Development, and key words: Couplings, Engineering profession, Education, Sociology, Curriculum development, Lead, Software. Abstract: This abstract of a Work In Progress for the Innovative Practice Category will describe both the need and design of a contextualized applied programming for all majors course that is based on inter-disciplinary curriculum development. Contextual teaching centers around improving the learning experience by linking it to the real world and the students career goals and academic major. Successfully doing that in the setting of a general education classroom is one of the challenges that is addressed by this course. It is anticipated that this approach can and will be used for other general STEM disciplines. This framework for course creation can make STEM courses more appealing to a larger population because they will understand through contextualized assignment how the material relates to their world. By creating an applied programming course for all majors, this initiative fills a common gap in general technology education. Many times, these courses fall into two basic categories: general computer literacy and programming for computer science majors. This course addresses general programming literacy for those students that will use programming as a tool, but not make programming their full-time job. It is envisioned that students enrolled in the same course and the same section would be presented the same basic programming concepts and then exercise them with problems designed specifically for their field of study. It is expected that this will lead a larger number of our students to acquire and understand the value of basic programming skills. This better appreciation for programming should help them in their future careers as they might do some programming and/or work with software and software developers. The enriched learning experience is achieved because major-specific assignments are jointly developed with all schools across the institution. This tight linkage allows for the applied-assignment portion of the course to pull through the expertise of faculty that is more well equipped to create real world assignments that show how their field of study utilizes computers and programming. |
13,258 | Please write an abstract with title: A Survey of Image Encryption Algorithms, and key words: Measurement, Stability criteria, Encryption, Image storage, Information technology, Thermal stability, Standards. Abstract: Data and image security is one of the most important aspects of information storage as well as the massive and still expanding internet. The frequent use of images of various types, especially images of documents, requires efficient encryption algorithms to ensure the security and stability of image storage and transmission. Among the various image encryption strategies proposed in the literature, this paper selected several algorithms with different characteristics to highlight the state-of-the-art attempts to meet the everincreasing demand for image protection. This paper briefly explains the cryptography algorithms and compares them in terms of usage, quality standards, security, and other metrics. |
13,259 | Please write an abstract with title: Distributed Event-Triggered Model Predictive Control for Urban Traffic Lights, and key words: Predictive models, Optimization, Real-time systems, Intelligent transportation systems, Predictive control, Indexes, Control systems. Abstract: Effective traffic signal control strategies are critical for traffic management in urban traffic networks. Most existing optimization-based urban traffic control approaches update the traffic signal at regular time instants, where the length of the fixed update time interval is determined based on a trade-off between the computational efficiency and the control performance. Since event-triggered control (ETC) allows for more flexible and more efficient control than conventional time-triggered control by triggering the control action by events, and since it can refrain from redundant optimization while retaining a satisfactory behavior, we use an ETC scheme for traffic light control. In addition, based on the geographically distributed feature of traffic networks, a distributed paradigm is adopted to reduce the computational complexity for the optimization. We propose a distributed threshold-based event-triggered control strategy, where the independent triggering of agents leads to an asynchronous update of traffic signals in the system. The triggered agent then solves a mixed-integer linear programming problem and updates its traffic signals. The proposed approach is evaluated under various traffic demands by simulation, and is shown to yield the best trade-off between control performance and computational complexity compared to other control strategies. |
13,260 | Please write an abstract with title: Extending Music Based On Emotion And Tonality Via Generative Adversarial Network, and key words: Performance evaluation, Current measurement, Conferences, Music, Signal processing, Generative adversarial networks, Acoustic measurements. Abstract: We propose a generative model for music extension in this paper. The model is composed of two classifiers, one for music emotion and one for music tonality, and a generative adversarial network (GAN). Therefore, it can generate symbolic music not only based on low level spectral and temporal characteristics, but also on high level emotion and tonality attributes of previously observed music pieces. The generative model works in a universal latent space constructed by the variational autoencoder (VAE) for representing music pieces. We conduct subjective listening tests and derive objective measures for performance evaluation. Experimental results show that the proposed model produces much smoother and more authentic music pieces than the baseline model in terms of all subjective and objective measures. |
13,261 | Please write an abstract with title: Fabrication and transport properties of MgB/sub 2//(SUS316/Cu) multifilament wires, and key words: Fabrication, Steel, Magnetic field measurement, Heat treatment, Multifilamentary superconductors, Magnetic fields, Superconducting coils, Superconducting filaments and wires, Superconducting films, Temperature. Abstract: 100-m long MgB/sub 2/ multifilament wires with stainless steel (SUS316)/Cu double sheath were successfully fabricated using a PIT method. No heat treatment was carried out during the processing. The J/sub c/ of the MgB/sub 2//(SUS316/Cu) multifilament wires reached 3700 A/mm/sup 2/ at 4.2 K and 0 T, and up to 1000 A/mm/sup 2/ at 1 T, an increase of 40% over conventional mono-core MgB/sub 2//(SUS316/Cu) tapes. The relationship between transport J/sub c/ and Vickers hardness (HV) for MgB/sub 2//(SUS316/Cu) wires with various wire diameters was investigated. The results suggest that a high-density superconductor core was possible for small filament size. The multifilament structure and densification of MgB/sub 2/ core were found to be effective in improving the transport properties of MgB/sub 2/ wires. |
13,262 | Please write an abstract with title: Hash-Collecting System : Applying Freenet Routing Method to Named Data Networking, and key words: Technological innovation, Cloud computing, Information-centric networking, Routing, Standards. Abstract: As network usage shifts to content retrieval and its traffic increases, Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is collecting interests. The purpose of this paper is to improve the efficiency of content retrieval. Our proposing Hash-Collecting System applies Freenet routing method to Named Data Networking (NDN) forwarding system. The average number of hops required to retrieve contents is reduced by our proposing method from the standard NDN forwarding system. The proposed method enables finding content in near-by node from the requesting party and can reduce the content retrieval traffic. |
13,263 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on automatic adjustment optimization of fully automated train based on double-population cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization, and key words: Rails, Processor scheduling, Simulation, Signal processing algorithms, Signal processing, Mathematical models, Delays. Abstract: Automatic train operation adjustment is an important guarantee for the safety and efficiency improvement of the new technology of fully automatic operation of urban rail transit. The train operation process is affected by complex and changeable scenes, and the arrival and departure times of actual train operation deviates slightly or seriously from the planned time. At this time, automatic train adjustment needs to be completed in a timely, effective and accurate manner to restore the on-time operation of the train. The automatic train adjustment process involves many variables and objective terms, which is a typical hard problem of combination optimization. Combined with the actual operation of the enterprise, a mathematical model for the adjustment of fully automatic train operation under mild and severe deviation is constructed. According to its characteristics, a double-cooperation Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for train stopping time and interval running time is established. The simulation results show that the model and algorithm are practical to solve this kind of combinatorial optimization problems. At the same time, it also provides some reference value for the operation of fully automatic system of the urban rail transit. |
13,264 | Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive cyberdefense for survival and intrusion tolerance, and key words: Intrusion detection, Virtual private networks, Programmable control, Adaptive control, Computer crime, Distributed information systems, Current measurement, Electrical resistance measurement, Protection, Information systems. Abstract: While providing some resistance against cyberattacks, current approaches to securing networked and distributed information systems are mainly concerned with static prevention measures. For example, signature-based systems can only detect known attacks and tend to provide brittle, all-or-nothing protection. New work in survivability and intrusion tolerance focuses on augmenting existing information systems with adaptive defenses. A middleware-based survivability toolkit lets applications use network-and host-based mechanisms in their own defense. |
13,265 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimization of the Design of a Chamber for Pre-Sowing Electric Treatment of Field Crop Seeds, and key words: Performance evaluation, Shape, Crops, Metals, Fasteners, Software, Magnetics. Abstract: Based on a study of the electric field, shortcomings were found in the design of the working chamber of a device used for pre-sowing electromagnetic treatment of field crop seeds. After a model of the electric field of the metal screw-device casing electrode system was created in the Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) software environment, optimization of the working chamber design was performed. It was found that in certain sections (problem zones) of the working chamber of the treatment device the electric field was non-uniform. This resulted in a poorer efficiency of the seed pre-sowing treatment.After an optimization was performed, a new design of the working chamber screw was proposed. The shape of the modified screw followed the curves of the equipotential lines of the electric field in the working chamber. In this way, a change in the electric field pattern in the problem areas of the interelectrode space was achieved. In the proposed new design of the working chamber of the device, the treated seeds will be subjected to an effective pre-sowing impact. |
13,266 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on the Improvement of Wind Power Peak-Shaving Auxiliary Service Mechanism, and key words: Heating systems, Renewable energy sources, Thermal expansion, Analytical models, Wind power generation, Thermal analysis, Optimization. Abstract: With the rapid increase of installed capacity of new energy power generation and the complex interest relationship of power auxiliary services, the contradiction between heating and power generation in thermal power plants is becoming prominent gradually. In order to address this problem, this paper focuses on the contradiction between the peak-shaving market and power spot market, and proposes a contradiction coordination mechanism between which compensates part of the wind-abandonment accommodation income to the peak-shaving units to ensure that unit's participation in peak shaving market will not be less profitable than non-participation in peak shaving market. Therefore, the enthusiasm of the units participating in the peak-shaving market will be improved. The effectiveness and correctness of the compensation mechanism proposed are verified through simulation and analysis. |
13,267 | Please write an abstract with title: Wireless video applications in 3G and beyond, and key words: Streaming media, Digital multimedia broadcasting, Error correction, Commercialization, Circuits, Telephony, Message service, Multimedia communication, Wireless networks, Unicast. Abstract: This article surveys wireless video applications that have been commercialized recently or are expected to go to market in 3G (and beyond) mobile networks, mainly covering error control technologies in view of "wireless video." We introduce several related 3GPP standards including circuit-switched multimedia telephony, end-to-end packet-switched streaming, multimedia messaging service, and multimedia broadcast /multimedia service. We also review the supporting technologies for those four applications. The article concludes with a discussion of error control and rate control adaptability to network QoS variation, which is distinct from wired networks and critical to wireless networks. With respect to MBMS, we point out that required cell transmission power is crucial when realizing meaningful multicast coverage, and suggest a system that integrates different unicast and multicast networks, application-layer data repair, and transmission scheduling. |
13,268 | Please write an abstract with title: Colpitts-type oscillator for high frequency application, and key words: Voltage-controlled oscillators, Surface acoustic waves, Capacitance, Stability, Frequency domain analysis, Voltage control, Phase noise, Phase locked loops, Delay lines, Jitter. Abstract: Since broadband requires a staggering budget of information to transmit at high speed, it is important for the oscillator, as a frequency generator, to be high frequency and have high frequency stability. The best technique for frequency short-term stability is to use a resonator to oscillate directly at the fundamental. But the usual Colpitts oscillator is difficult to get plenty of negative resistance in the 600 MHz base band. Therefore, a PLL VCXO (voltage controlled crystal oscillator) or delay line type VCSO (voltage controlled SAW oscillator) is generally used to design the high frequency oscillator. However, the short-term frequency stability of these oscillators is worse than that of fundamental oscillation using a Colpitts oscillator. In this paper, we design the oscillator with two transistors, and suggest that the high frequency Colpitts oscillator can get plenty of negative resistance in the GHz frequency range. Furthermore, we build a 622.08 MHz VCSO with a SAW resonator, and confirm that the high frequency Colpitts oscillator could be of practical use. |
13,269 | Please write an abstract with title: Place in the World or Place on the Screen? Investigating the Effects of Augmented Reality Head -Up Display User Interfaces on Drivers’ Spatial Knowledge Acquisition and Glance Behavior, and key words: Navigation, Vehicles, Visualization, Knowledge acquisition, Head-up displays, Roads. Abstract: When navigating via car, developing robust mental representations (spatial knowledge) of the environment is crucial in situations where technology fails, or we need to find locations not included in a navigation system’s database. In this work, we present a study that examines how screen-relative and world-relative augmented reality (AR) head-up display interfaces affect drivers’ glance behavior and spatial knowledge acquisition. Results showed that both AR interfaces have similar impact on the levels of spatial knowledge acquired. However, eye-tracking analyses showed fundamental differences in the way participants visually interacted with different AR interfaces; with conformal-graphics demanding more visual attention from drivers. |
13,270 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling Emotion-Focused Coping as a Decision Process, and key words: Analytical models, Affective computing, Uncertainty, Computational modeling, Anxiety disorders, Decision making, Predictive models. Abstract: People experience many stressful, emotion-evoking situations in everyday life. How they cope with these situations is crucial to their well-being. Research shows that people may change their beliefs to perceive the situations in a better, less-stressful light. Therefore, understanding how people change their beliefs to cope with stress and emotion is an important research question. Toward that end, we model coping, based on Lazarus's appraisal theory of emotion, as a two-step decision problem. However, people do not hallucinate arbitrary alternative realities in order to reduce stress. So a central challenge here is to model the constraints on belief change. We specifically stipulate two key factors influencing the degree of belief change: the utility of holding the alternative belief and constraints on changing a belief based on its underlying uncertainty. To investigate these factors and the model's assumptions, we applied the model to a simple hurricane situation and conducted an experiment based on this situation, where participants observed hurricane information and reported their beliefs about it. We found that when the hurricane worsens, those who stayed believe the hurricane to be less severe than the most likely outcome from the information and those who evacuated. The results also show that the uncertainty of information and the utility of the beliefs about that information is related and together determine how emotion-focused coping alters the person's beliefs. Overall, the results support the assumptions and predictions of the model. These findings illustrate the relevance of applying a decision-making model analysis to coping. |
13,271 | Please write an abstract with title: Decentralized Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control Using Jaya Algorithm, and key words: Fuzzy logic, Uncertainty, Simulation, Perturbation methods, Signal processing algorithms, Signal processing, Sliding mode control. Abstract: This paper presents a decentralized fuzzy sliding mode controller (DFSMC) which its parameters are optimized using Jaya algorithm. This Controller used to control the levels in a quadruple tank system (QTS). Sliding mode controller (SMC) is robust in respect to the plant uncertainties and perturbation, but has chattering phenomenon that is a drew-back. We use a fuzzy logic system in order to reduce the chattering phenomenon. Jaya algorithm is employed to obtain the optimal parameters of the fuzzy logic system. The simulation results show that the proposed method is more effective. |
13,272 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimal scheduling model for integrated energy systems in parks considering multi-energy, and key words: Couplings, Analytical models, Costs, Optimal scheduling, Integer linear programming, Linear programming, Mathematical models. Abstract: The integrated energy system of the park is characterised by diverse load demands and complex energy supply equipment. In order to reduce the construction and operation costs of multiple energy sources in the integrated energy system of the park and to solve the problems of high energy operation costs and unreasonable cost structure in the energy supply of the integrated energy system of the park, an optimal scheduling method of the integrated energy system of the park considering multiple energy coupling is proposed. Firstly, the operating costs of four energy sub-systems, namely electricity, heat, cooling and gas, are specified; then, the objective function of minimising the construction and operating costs of the integrated energy system in the park is solved using Matlab by considering various constraints; finally, the proposed method is validated by using an industrial park in northern China as a simulation object. The results show that the proposed optimal scheduling method can effectively reduce the operating cost of the park and optimise the output structure of each unit. |
13,273 | Please write an abstract with title: Study of optimized design of DDS based on FPGA, and key words: Read only memory, Adders, Pipelines, Field programmable gate arrays, Signal resolution, Frequency control, Clocks. Abstract: This paper introduces the design and implement of DDS based on FPGA. During the design process, the addressing way of ROM is proposed to improve the output frequency resolution. The optimization method called the compression method of ROM is advanced. The optimized design of NCO with different structures of accumulators (32 bits) including serial, parallel and pipelined is discussed. It is found that the pipeline (4 levels) accumulator has the biggest Fmax but consumes most LEs. There should be a balance between speed and resources during the design process. At last, DDS is implemented on ALTERA chip EP4CE15F17C8. |
13,274 | Please write an abstract with title: Efficient Top-k Edge Structural Diversity Search, and key words: Cultural differences, Indexes, Upper bound, Social network services, Search problems, Heuristic algorithms, Maintenance engineering. Abstract: The structural diversity of an edge, which is measured by the number of connected components of the edge’s ego-network, has recently been recognized as a key metric for analyzing social influence and information diffusion in social networks. Given this, an important problem in social network analysis is to identify top-k edges that have the highest structural diversities. In this work, we for the first time perform a systematical study for the top-k edge structural diversity search problem on large graphs. Specifically, we first develop a new online search framework with two basic upper-bounding rules to efficiently solve this problem. Then, we propose a new index structure using near-linear space to process the top-k edge structural diversity search in near-optimal time. To create such an index structure, we devise an efficient algorithm based on an interesting connection between our problem and the 4-clique enumeration problem. In addition, we also propose efficient index maintenance techniques to handle dynamic graphs. The results of extensive experiments on five large real-life datasets demonstrate the efficiency, scalability, and effectiveness of our algorithms. |
13,275 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance evaluation of a recursive LA/IR protocol for MC-CDMA power line communications, and key words: Multicarrier code division multiple access, Power line communications, Decoding, Wireless application protocol, Throughput, Background noise, Delay, Attenuation, Frequency, Power engineering computing. Abstract: The performance evaluation of a recursive link adaptation/incremental redundancy (LA/IR) protocol is made on a power line channel for communication purposes. The recursive LA/IR protocol has been tested for a wireless channel and proved to have an improved performance compared to other pure IR protocols or hybrid non-recursive LA/IR. The communication medium is the power line in buildings grid where users are plugged on/off randomly. The transmission scheme is a MC-CDMA where information bits are coded using rate compatible punctured convolutional codes (RCPC) codes. The performance measures are: (a) the number of users versus delay due to retransmissions, and (b) the effective code rate that gives an indication of the system throughput. |
13,276 | Please write an abstract with title: A Triple-Stage Self-Guided Network for Kidney Tumor Segmentation, and key words: Kidney, Tumors, Image segmentation, Computed tomography, Biomedical imaging, Three-dimensional displays, Convolution. Abstract: The morphological characteristics of kidney tumor is crucial factor for radiologists to make accurate diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, performing quantitative study of the relationship between kidney tumor morphology and clinical outcomes is very difficult because kidney tumor varies dramatically in its size, shape, location, etc. Automatic semantic segmentation of kidney and tumor is a promising tool towards developing advanced surgical planning techniques. In this work, we present a triple-stage self-guided network for kidney tumor segmentation task. The low-resolution net can roughly locate the volume of interest (VOI) from down-sampled CT images, while the full-resolution net and tumor refine net can extract accurate boundaries of kidney and tumor within VOI from full resolution CT images. We innovatively propose dilated convolution blocks (DCB) to replace the traditional pooling operations in deeper layers of U-Net architecture to retain detailed semantic information better. Besides, a hybrid loss of dice and weighted cross entropy is used to guide the model to focus on voxels close to the boundary and hard to be distinguished. We evaluate our method on the KiTS19 (MICCAI 2019 Kidney Tumor Segmentation Challenge) test dataset and achieve 0.9674, 0.8454 average dice for kidney and tumor respectively, which ranked the 2nd place in the KiTS19 challenge. |
13,277 | Please write an abstract with title: Latest Research Trends in Gait Analysis Using Wearable Sensors and Machine Learning: A Systematic Review, and key words: Wearable sensors, Machine learning, Security, Medical services, Biosensors, Feature extraction. Abstract: Gait is the locomotion attained through the movement of limbs and gait analysis examines the patterns (normal/abnormal) depending on the gait cycle. It contributes to the development of various applications in the medical, security, sports, and fitness domains to improve the overall outcome. Among many available technologies, two emerging technologies that play a central role in modern day gait analysis are: A) wearable sensors which provide a convenient, efficient, and inexpensive way to collect data and B) Machine Learning Methods (MLMs) which enable high accuracy gait feature extraction for analysis. Given their prominent roles, this paper presents a review of the latest trends in gait analysis using wearable sensors and Machine Learning (ML). It explores the recent papers along with the publication details and key parameters such as sampling rates, MLMs, wearable sensors, number of sensors, and their locations. Furthermore, the paper provides recommendations for selecting a MLM, wearable sensor and its location for a specific application. Finally, it suggests some future directions for gait analysis and its applications. |
13,278 | Please write an abstract with title: Automatic Storytelling from Wearable Sensor Data for Health and Wellness Applications, and key words: Deep learning, Recurrent neural networks, Conferences, Biological system modeling, Semantics, Bioinformatics, Wearable sensors. Abstract: Storytelling describes our daily living activities in many ways. It assists us to understand what we have done to advance our health and wellbeing. In this paper, we present our novel approach to generate scripts from events, which are detected from wearable sensor data. First, we use Deep Neural Network (DNN) to recognize semantic concepts such as gesture, activity, and location for generating a chronological sequence of events. Second, we apply a sequence to sequence (SEQ2SEQ) model consisting of two recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to generate human-understandable stories. The results show that our method can improve the performance of script generation (SG) by using SEQ2SEQ with 0.972 BLEU-1 score. |
13,279 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic Clearance Measurement Using Fiber-Optic Frequency-Swept and Frequency-Fixed Interferometry, and key words: Frequency measurement, Aerodynamics, Measurement uncertainty, Optical interferometry, Vibrations, Optical variables measurement, Optical fiber devices. Abstract: Aiming at the problems of Doppler-induced error and slow measurement rate in frequency-swept interferometry, a novel dynamic clearance measuring method is proposed. By combining frequency-swept and frequency-fixed interferometry, and using fusion processing of interferometric signals, this method not only can eliminate the Doppler-induced error, but also can give the dynamic clearance value at each sampling point. To verify this method, an all fiber-optic measurement system was constructed, and experiments under 500 Hz triangular and 4 kHz sinusoidal vibrations were carried out. Experimental results show that the dynamic clearance can be reconstructed accurately. |
13,280 | Please write an abstract with title: Graph Design of P-I-N Diode Phase Shifters(Short Paper), and key words: P-i-n diodes, Impedance, Reflection, Phase shifters, Phased arrays, Circuits, Network synthesis, Resistors, Polynomials, Prototypes. Abstract: A synthesis procedure of the impedance-transforming network in a p-i-n diode phase shifter is given. A representation of a reflection performance on the impedance plane is used successfully to determine the impedance matrix of the network. The procedure is straightforward and its validity is demonstrated by a prototype 90° phase shifter at 10 GHz. |
13,281 | Please write an abstract with title: LIAD: A Method for Extending the Effective Time of 3-D TLC NAND Flash Hard Decision, and key words: Ash, Decoding, Threshold voltage, Sensors, Mutual information, Three-dimensional displays, Parity check codes. Abstract: Triple-level cell NAND flash memory is widely used today due to its higher storage density and capacity. However, with the increase in the storage density, lower reliability results in more read times for flash memory and significantly reduces the read performance. In order to avoid unnecessary read operations, this article proposes a hard decision–soft decoding method called location information-assisted decoding (LIAD) method, which determines the additional information required for decoding by mutual information, and then transmits the required information to correct the log-likelihood ratio (LLR). Different from the conventional LLR correction algorithm, this method does not require additional read operations and correct data. Only using sensing results, our method can reduce uncorrectable error bit rate (UBER) by up to 99%, and the system read latency under SSDsim (Hu et al. 2011) simulation can be reduced by up to 53%. |
13,282 | Please write an abstract with title: Design Research in Food Science: Keynote Introduction, and key words: Data models, Mathematical model, Data engineering, Cognition, Knowledge based systems, Conferences. Abstract: Design science research (DSR) seeks to grow technology and science knowledge bases via the creation of innovative artifacts that solve problems and improve the environments in which they are instantiated. The field of food science offers many opportunities for the use of DSR to design innovations with a goal of improving the effectiveness and efficiencies of food-related products, services, and delivery. The rigorous interplay of DSR and Data Engineering is an important research direction. |
13,283 | Please write an abstract with title: 3D Multi-path Geometry Localization using Generalized Approximate Message Passing, and key words: Geometry, Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Time difference of arrival, Message passing, Channel estimation, Time measurement. Abstract: We estimate the position and orientation of the Hidden Node (HN) at the Sensing Node (SN) in a 3D channel environment with only the multi-path Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) channel. We estimate the position and orientation of HN using the parameters of Angle-of-Arrival (AoA), Angle-of-Departure (AoD), and Time-Difference-of-Arrival (TDoA) estimated at SN. We introduce how to deal with non-linear equations with exhaustive searching with LS estimation and Generalized Approximate Message Passing (GAMP) with the first-order approximation. We also evaluate Mean Squared Error (MSE) for performance measure and processing time for complexity. Finally, We introduce a ratio of MSE to the processing time to show a trade-off in each scheme, showing that GAMP is superior to the exhaustive search with Least Square (LS). |
13,284 | Please write an abstract with title: A Predictive Tool for Heart Disease Diagnosis using Artificial Neural Network, and key words: Heart, Medical treatment, Artificial neural networks, Prediction methods, Machine learning, Reliability, Medical diagnosis. Abstract: With the continuously growing number of applications of artificial neural networks (ANN), it has reached the medical field by being able to support in performing medical decisions or clinical diagnosis. More particularly, the use of ANN has shown more promising results in the diagnosis of common illnesses in the Philippines such as the heart disease. In this study, ANN was utilized in order to assessed a condition of a patient and provide an effective and accurate prediction. To attain this objective, it is needed to gather and organize the patient’s data that includes the blood sugar, cholesterol, age, etc. Then, the said data was trained using ANN. From this study, an accurate prediction method or procedure could serve as a warning system that could avoid the expensive medical check-ups that many or some Filipinos could not afford in an instant. |
13,285 | Please write an abstract with title: COVID-19 One Year on – Security and Privacy Review of Contact Tracing Mobile Apps, and key words: COVID-19, Cryptography, Codes, Privacy, Pandemics, Databases, Government. Abstract: The ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused 3.8 million deaths since December 2019. At the current vaccination pace, this global pandemic could persist for several years. Throughout the world, contact tracing (CT) apps were developed, which play a significant role in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. This work examines the current state of security and privacy landscape of mobile CT apps. Our work is the first attempt, to our knowledge, which provides a comprehensive analysis of 70 CT apps used worldwide as of the year Q1 2021. Among other findings, we observed that 80% of them may have handled sensitive data without adequate protection, 70% of them used weak cryptographic algorithms, and 35% of them embedded data trackers. We also observed key developments in app privacy protection and security assurance initiatives. Our findings provide useful insights into the design and deployment of more secure and privacy-preserving CT apps moving forward. |
13,286 | Please write an abstract with title: Maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) processes, and key words: Polymers, DNA, Stochastic processes, Gaussian distribution, Bismuth, Sequences, Forensics, Temperature, Probability distribution, Probes. Abstract: A maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays is presented. The estimation relies on the replication efficiencies of the PCR assay and the observed end-point concentration of the PCR product at an arbitrary cycle. This derivation is carried out in view of the stochastic progression of the amplicons, and the assumption that the end-point concentrations for any particular initial value have a jointly Gaussian distribution. In addition, we provide an extension for the estimator which can be applied to various quantitative PCR assays. |
13,287 | Please write an abstract with title: Impact of forecasting errors on microgrid optimal power management, and key words: microgrid, power management, forecast, forecasting error, optimization, rolling horizon, DC. Abstract: The paper presents a DC microgrid model and its power management system based on metaheuristical optimization of a rolling horizon. The crucial components of such a system are forecasts of photovoltaic production and load power. The paper experimentally demonstrates how the forecasting error affects power management in terms of increased operational costs and increased probability of constraints violation. It is demonstrated that the benefits of the optimized power scheduling decrease linearly with increasing mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of load and photovoltaic production forecast. In our scenario, the state-of-charge constraints for electric vehicle battery were not affected by inaccurate forecasts, which is very important for the electric vehicle user's acceptance of the power management system. |
13,288 | Please write an abstract with title: Competitive robot soccer: a design experience for undergraduate students, and key words: Educational robots, Design engineering, Robot vision systems, Cameras, Project management, Mobile robots, Switches, Electrical engineering computing, Microcontrollers, Employee welfare. Abstract: This paper describes our approach to the culminating design experience for electrical and computer engineering majors, currently in its fourth year. In a single semester course, teams of students design, build, and program robots to play one-on-one soccer autonomously. Each robot has an onboard microcontroller and a wireless link to a dedicated computer that is connected to a camera above the playing field. Each team must fabricate its own robot and write the software required to process the camera image, communicate with the robot, implement the low-level control, and make high-level playing decisions. The likelihood of each team's success is enhanced by a series of lectures and labs focusing on both technical and process management aspects of the project. Climaxing in a well-attended final competition in a public venue, the project has proven to be popular with students, faculty, and industrial sponsors alike. |
13,289 | Please write an abstract with title: On numerical problems in simulations of highly reliable Markovian systems, and key words: Numerical simulation, Monte Carlo methods, Telecommunication computing, State-space methods, Reliability theory, Parameter estimation, Discrete event simulation, Fault tolerant systems, Time measurement, Availability. Abstract: Simulation of highly reliable Markovian systems has been the subject of an extensive literature in recent years. Among all methods, simulation using importance sampling schemes gives the best results when the state space is large. In this paper, we highlight numerical problems that arise in rare events simulation, even when using importance sampling. The literature has up to now focused on variance reduction techniques, without any relation to the variance estimation for instance. The main contribution here is to relate the estimation of the considered parameter and of its variance to the bounded relative error and bounded normal approximation properties. We especially show that Bounded Normal Approximation implies that the variance is well-estimated, which implies Bounded Relative Error, implying itself that the parameter is well-estimated, but that no converse implication is true. This emphasizes the importance of Bounded Normal Approximation property, not frequently used in the literature yet. |
13,290 | Please write an abstract with title: Online Energy Efficiency Learning for Uplink Transmission in Dynamic H-CRAN, and key words: Wireless communication, Power demand, Interference, Games, Nash equilibrium, Energy efficiency, Uplink. Abstract: Dynamic changes of the system cannot be neglected in the design of the energy-efficient wireless systems, especially, in heterogeneous cloud-radio access networks (H-CRAN), where inter- and intra - tier interference are co-existing. Confronted with this problem, we investigate the online learning of energy efficiency (EE) optimization problem in dynamic systems during the uplink transmission. Specially, we focus on the dynamic H-CRAN system, where channel characteristics change arbitrarily over time slots. Therefore, we formulate the online EE problem including joint optimization of the macro base station (MBS) users (MUEs) and small cell radio remote head (RRH) users (RUEs). To tackle the formulated EE optimization problem, we propose a simple and projection-free online optimization policy, namely online Frank-Wolfe (OFW) method, which allows users to outperform the best dynamic transmit policy, despite changes of channel characteristics over the given time slots. The proposed projection-free OFW method is capable of obtaining optimal solution for EE maximization problem and achieve Nash equilibrium of the underlying game. Moreover, the regret bound expression for the OFW method is derived. Numerical results confirm the theoretical analysis and demonstrates the superiority of the proposed OFW method compared to the benchmark method. |
13,291 | Please write an abstract with title: Improving sustainability in the value chain of the apparel industry empowered with social manufacturing, and key words: Industries, Industrial electronics, Economics, Manufacturing, Sustainable development, Textiles, Digital printing. Abstract: One of the major contributions of social manufacturing is in the realm of sustainability. The apparel industry is a good example to assess contribution of social manufacturing to improve sustainability in practice. Value chains in the apparel industry are faced with various challenges regarding sustainability issues. Apparel companies pay higher attention to economic sustainability issues, and environmental and social sustainability issues of the apparel industry are often underrated. We realize that the apparel brand owners have the highest impact on improving the sustainability of the apparel industry. Thus, we design a collaborative business model empowered with social manufacturing to join the forces among the brand owners for improving sustainability of the apparel industry throughout the value chain. We chose a case study of shifting from conventional screen-printing to more environmentally sustainable digital textile printing. We suggest that this shift can be accelerated if the brand owners join their forces together to shift from conventional printing to digital printing technology in the apparel industry. |
13,292 | Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation of Optimal Net Load Management in Microgrids Using Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation, and key words: Performance evaluation, Voltage measurement, Microgrids, Power system stability, Load management, Inverters, Stability analysis. Abstract: This paper presents the performance evaluation of a net load management (NLM) engine that balances load and generation in an isolated community to power a critical facility after a grid interruption event (e.g., the loss of a large generation unit). This NLM engine is particularly important for microgrid systems because it provides a high-speed, cost-optimal control solution to coordinate grid-forming inverters and to dispatch grid-following inverters and deferrable loads in microgrid systems to enhance grid resilience and reliability. The NLM algorithm cost-optimally dispatches the grid-following inverters and deferrable loads based on the demanded power and load priorities, and the grid-forming inverters use droop control to form system voltages and share active and reactive power. A controller-hardware-in-the-loop platform is developed to evaluate the control performance of the NLM algorithm with two sequential contingency events of lost generation units. The experimental results indicate that the NLM engine can maintain system stability, achieve the targeted system voltage and frequency, and balance load and generation to serve the critical facility with improved system resilience and reliability. |
13,293 | Please write an abstract with title: New High-Gain Differential-Fed Dual-Polarized Filtering Microstrip Antenna for 5G Applications, and key words: Antenna measurements, Ports (computers), Microstrip filters, Filtering, 5G mobile communication, Microstrip antennas, Passband. Abstract: In this paper, a new high-gain differential-fed dual-polarized microstrip filtering antenna with high commonmode rejection is presented. Two differential pairs of probe feeding ports are utilized to provide differentially exciting signals. The filtering response is achieved by introducing four symmetrical open-loop ring resonator slots on the top layer surrounding the four excitation ports of the patch antenna. The resonators can produce nulls at the low edge of the passband bandwidth with high gain and wide stopband characteristics. Because of the strictly symmetric configuration of the proposed antenna, the design is studied and analyzed only in one polarization configuration. Compared with other presented filtering antenna designs, the proposed design has not only high gain and dual-polarized characteristics but also introduces high efficiency and much lower cross-polarization level due to the differentially driven ports. The filtering antenna is designed, simulated and optimized using computer simulation technology (CST) software and is implemented on a Rogers TMM3 substrate with a relative dielectric constant of 3.45. Also, the antenna has a single layer substrate with a height of 0.035 of the free space wavelength and operating at 3.54 GHz for 5G applications. |
13,294 | Please write an abstract with title: A performance study of DSDV-based CLUSTERPOW and DSDV routing algorithms for sensor network applications, and key words: Clustering algorithms, Wireless sensor networks, Routing protocols, Ad hoc networks, Batteries, Throughput, Power control, Mobile ad hoc networks, Communication system traffic control, Traffic control. Abstract: Wireless adhoc sensor networks are ad hoc networks that consist of a number of autonomous, battery powered, static devices, communicating with each other through radio connections, using special routing algorithms. Many sensor network implementations use DSDV as their routing protocol. The wireless sensor networks' resources such as throughput and energy are scarce and need to be carefully used. Power control can be implemented by CLUSTERPOW algorithm. Among other factors that could waste the networks' resources and deplete the nodes' energy, is the routing protocol's overhead. DSDV is designed for mobile ad hoc networks and a large ratio of its traffic is generated to keep the routes updated. We studied the behavior of the protocols through simulation and found out that by carefully adjusting some parameters the performance improves, the routing overhead reduces and less energy is consumed. |
13,295 | Please write an abstract with title: Flexible Room Temperature Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on Low-Temperature Tuning of Functional Groups in Grapheme, and key words: Ammonia, Temperature sensors, Sensors, Graphene, Humidity, Gas detectors, Performance evaluation. Abstract: A flexible room temperature ammonia gas sensor based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets has been fabricated on a transparent sheet using photolithography. The structural, morphological, and chemical properties of RGO sensing layer have been analyzed. The higher binding energy of hydroxyl groups with ammonia is utilized for ammonia adsorption, and the groups are tuned at low temperatures by processing graphene oxide. Charge transfer from ammonia to the hydroxyl groups in the RGO sheets is responsible for high response and selectivity of the sensor toward ammonia. Gas sensing characteristics of the sensor was analyzed at various temperatures and humidity levels. The sensor exhibited a selective response toward ammonia vapors among seven volatile organic compounds. The sensor showed a very high response of 930% toward 400-ppm ammonia at 25 °C and 45% relative humidity (RH) level. A quick response of 31 s and full recovery of the sensor after 500 s were recorded when exposed to 400-ppm ammonia. The operation of the sensor at only 1 V facilitates its usage in low-power applications. The sensor exhibited almost negligible deviation in response in the presence of humidity, making it humidity resistant. The flexibility of the sensor was tested by bending the sensor over the range 0°-120°, where the sensor performance started deteriorating after 90 bending. The sensor showed very high stability when tested for 75 days. Therefore, the RGO-based flexible device shows potential toward future commercial room temperature ammonia gas sensors. |
13,296 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Intensive Care Technique for Partial Discharge in High Voltage Cable, and key words: Partial discharges, Discharges (electric), Power cables, Monitoring, High-voltage techniques, Cable insulation, Cable shielding. Abstract: On-line partial discharge detection is an important method for operation status evaluation of high voltage cable. Affected by propagation characteristics of partial discharge and external interference signals, it may be difficult for field testing personnel to determine suspected partial discharge. Taking advantage of the irreversibility of solid insulation defects, this paper proposes to utilize intensive care technique to track suspected partial discharge signals detected by live detection, and observe long-term accumulation of discharge spectrum. Combined with an effective case of partial discharge monitoring for high voltage cable, the application effect of intensive care system is introduced. The intensive care technique is an important supplementary means to diagnose partial discharge in high voltage cable, which can ensure safe and stable operation of high voltage cable. |
13,297 | Please write an abstract with title: Vortex Supported Waveguiding in Microstructured Optical Fibers, and key words: Magnetic cores, Optical fiber polarization, Magnetic fields, Optical vortices, Indexes. Abstract: In this paper, we propose a mechanism of vortex formation in the transverse components of the Poynting vector of the core modes in different types of optical fibers. It is shown that vortex formation in the transverse component of the Poynting vector occurs when real and imaginary parts of axial components of electric and magnetic fields of the core modes exist and are equal to zero at the same point of the fiber cross section. Another explanation of vortex formation can be mutual polarization of the fields (vector product). We demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a low loss waveguide regime in microstructured optical fibers by appropriately choosing phase dislocations positions in the cladding. |
13,298 | Please write an abstract with title: Eye movement features in solving Sternberg Memory Task, and key words: Correlation, Complex networks, Fatigue, Market research, Physiology, Behavioral sciences, Decoding. Abstract: Oculomotor activity is an important component of human mental processes, and decoding this activity can be applied in many applied fields. This paper analyzed the physiological and behavioral characteristics of a person during a prolonged solution of a cognitive task based on the Sternberg paradigm. A number of trends in changes in both physiological and behavioral characteristics over the course of the experiment were revealed. For example, an increase in subjective fatigue over the course of the experiment. In addition, correlation analysis were performed. In particular, a correlation was found between subjective fatigue and the amplitude of pupil dilation during letter set demonstrations. |
13,299 | Please write an abstract with title: Ego-betweenness centrality in link streams, and key words: Relays, Social network services, Computational efficiency, Knowledge engineering, Delays, Routing protocols. Abstract: The ability of a node to relay information in a network is often measured using betweenness centrality. In order to take into account the fact that the role of the nodes vary through time, several adaptations of this concept have been proposed to time-evolving networks. However, these definitions are demanding in terms of computational cost, as they call for the computation of time-ordered paths. We propose a definition of centrality in link streams which is node-centric, in the sense that we only take into account the direct neighbors of a node to compute its centrality. This restriction allows to carry out the computation in a shorter time compared to a case where any couple of nodes in the network should be considered. Tests on empirical data show that this measure is relatively highly correlated to the number of times a node would relay information in a flooding process. We suggest that this is a good indication that this measurement can be of use in practical contexts where a node has a limited knowledge of its environment, such as routing protocols in delay tolerant networks. |
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