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14,900 | Please write an abstract with title: Tracetree: a scalable mechanism to discover multicast tree topologies in the Internet, and key words: Internet, Network topology, Multicast protocols, Transport protocols, Monitoring, Routing, IP networks, Computer science, Intelligent networks, Availability. Abstract: The successful deployment of multicast in the Internet requires the availability of good network management solutions. Discovering multicast tree topologies is an important component of this task. Network managers can use topology information to monitor and debug potential multicast forwarding problems. In addition, the collected topology has several other uses, for example, in reliable multicast transport protocols, in multicast congestion control protocols, and in discovering network characteristics. We present a mechanism for discovering multicast tree topologies using the forwarding state in the network. We call our approach tracetree. First, we present the basic operation of tracetree. Then, we explore various issues related to its functionality (e.g., scalability, security, etc.). Next, we provide a detailed evaluation by comparing it to the currently available alternatives. Finally, we discuss a number of deployment issues. We believe that tracetree provides an efficient and scalable mechanism for discovering multicast tree topologies and therefore fills an important void in the area of multicast network management. |
14,901 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of the /spl Delta/AIC statistic for optimal detection of small changes in dynamic systems, and key words: Statistical analysis, Testing, Statistics, Statistical distributions, Fault detection, Maximum likelihood estimation, Chemical engineering, Monitoring, Boilers, Valves. Abstract: The Akaike information criterion (AIC) is often used as a measure of model accuracy. The /spl Delta/AIC statistic is defined by the difference between AIC values for two nested models. The /spl Delta/AIC statistic corresponding to a particular change detection problem has been shown to detect extremely small changes in a dynamic system as compared with traditional change detection monitoring procedures. A theoretical analysis is developed that shows the /spl Delta/AIC is actually an optimal test for the detection of any small changes in the characteristics of a process. It is also shown that the change/no-change hypotheses are nested. This result leads to a generalized likelihood ratio test with optimal properties as well as the precise large sample distribution for the test. A simulation of a dynamic system with small changes demonstrates the precision of the distribution theory as compared with the empirical results. |
14,902 | Please write an abstract with title: Identification of Locomotion Modes Based on Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Using Surface Electromyography Signals, and key words: Support vector machines, Legged locomotion, Training, Recurrent neural networks, Feature extraction, Prediction algorithms, Electromyography. Abstract: Today, Electromyography (EMG) signals have many applications in the engineering sciences, especially in biomechanics and prostheses, which normalizes the lives of people with disabilities. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the accuracy of various Machine Learning algorithms for classifying different locomotion modes using the EMG signal, from which the signal features including Mean absolute value (MAV), Root mean square(RMS), Waveform length(WL), Variance(VA) and Zero crossing(ZC) are extracted. K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Multi Lyer Perceptron (MLP) are employed as classifiers. Our features that extracted from dataset are devided into the parts: Training, Validation, and Test. The results yield the MLP algorithm with adam optimizer had the highest accuracy among other algorithms with an accuracy of 0.992. This satisfying accuracy along with the fast prediction speed of MLP algorithm make this method an appropriate candidate for online applications such as control of rehabilitation devices. |
14,903 | Please write an abstract with title: Non-Gaussian BLE-Based Indoor Localization Via Gaussian Sum Filtering Coupled with Wasserstein Distance, and key words: Location awareness, Fluctuations, Signal processing algorithms, Filtering algorithms, Indoor environment, Internet of Things, Received signal strength indicator. Abstract: With recent breakthroughs in signal processing, communication and networking systems, we are more and more surrounded by smart connected devices empowered by the Internet of Thing (IoT). Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is considered as the main-stream technology to perform identification and localization/tracking in IoT applications. Indoor localization applications within smart cities, typically, start by observing messages transmitted by BLE beacons and then utilization of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) to provide location estimates. RSSI signals are, however, prone to significant fluctuations. The main challenge is that multipath fading and drastic fluctuations in the indoor environment result in complex non-Gaussian RSSI measurements, necessitating the need to smooth RSSIs for development of BLE-based localization applications. In contrary to existing solutions, where RSSIs are assumed to have normal statistical properties, in this paper, a Gaussian Sum Filter (GSF) approach is designed to more realistically model the non-Gaussian nature of RSSIs. To maintain acceptable computational load, the number of components in the GSF is collapsed into a single Gaussian term with a novel Wasserstein Distance (WD)-Based Gaussian Mixture Reduction (GMR) algorithm. The simulation results based on real collected RSSI signals confirm the success of the proposed WD-based GSF framework compared to its conventional counterparts. |
14,904 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigation Studies of DC-DC Boost Converter With Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller Using Optimization Techniques, and key words: Genetic algorithms, DC-DC power converters, Microorganisms, Optimization, Voltage control, Load modeling, Particle swarm optimization. Abstract: The DC to DC converter is a combination of reactive components and power devices, and widely used to desired current and voltage level efficiently. Consequently, this category of converters needed an accurate controller to control its static and dynamic performance. Proportional Integral Derivative controller parameters are commonly functional to the DC to DC converter due to its straightforwardness. Design of controller is identifying as an optimization method to achieve desired dynamic response with the help of several algorithms, e.g. optimization method based on bacterial foraging (called BFO) and particle Swam (called PSO), genetic algorithm (GA). The optimization method is based on judgement and relating achievable solutions until we do not get a better solution. The algorithm used for optimization can find many prime results. In this paper, the DC to DC boost converter is investigated with different optimization technique, e.g. GA, PSO, and BFO algorithms. Numerical Matrix laboratory 9.1 (R2016b) simulation results are provided, and various parameters of the controller, e.g. time taken for settle and rise the waveform, the peak is investigated from the step response curves. The response of the controller also compared in detail, and it can be concluded that BFA techniques are giving a better response when compared to another method. |
14,905 | Please write an abstract with title: Deep sea telemetry system for sediment analysis, and key words: Power cables, Voltage-controlled oscillators, Probes, Impedance, Frequency modulation, Decoding, Signal generators, Communication cables, Reflection, Transmission lines. Abstract: A telemetry system that can communicate with a deep ocean sediment probe in depths of up to 6,000 feet from a shipboard location is described. Data from the probe occupies a total bandwith of over 200 Khz so that transmission through the ocean is immediately ruled out. The transmission medium chosen is 10,000 feet of type 2P4ORC double armored coaxial cable that also acts as the load bearing number. The attenuation characteristics of this cable are plotted. It is apparent from this plot that a modulation technique that is independent of amplitude distortion should be used. An FM technique, which transmits 100 channels of data --2 of which have bandwidths of 100 Khz, is used to obtain distortionless information that is recorded aboard ship on magnetic tape. Commands are initiated at the shipboard Control Console as oscillator pairs. The two frequencies have tuned devices on the probe which decode the pair. Commands and data can be transmitted simultaneously. |
14,906 | Please write an abstract with title: DALU: Adaptive Learning Rate Update in Distributed Deep Learning, and key words: Deep learning, Training, Industries, Adaptive learning, Technological innovation, Adaptation models, Smart cities. Abstract: In the last decade, deep learning has attracted much attention from both the academia and industry. As one of the important hyperparameters, learning rate greatly affects the speed and convergence of deep learning. In the existing approaches, the learning rate is commonly adjusted with the training process, however, does not consider the model accuracy after each training epoch. This problem is even more complex in distributed deep learning approach, which involves multiple machines for learning. In this study, we propose an adaptive learning rate updating strategy (DALU) for distributed deep learning. After completing each training epoch, the classification accuracy on training data set is recorded. Learning rate is adjusted according to the accuracy of current epoch and previous epochs. We also design several special machines having more aggressive learning rate update than regular machines in the distributed system. Compared with current commonly used learning rate adjusting approaches, exponential decay learning rate and cosine decay learning rate, DALU improves the accuracy of deep learning by 3.0% to 3.9%. |
14,907 | Please write an abstract with title: Mitigating HTTP GET FLOOD DDoS attack using an SDN controller, and key words: Denial-of-service attack, Switches, IP networks, Web servers, Protocols, Floods, Computer crime. Abstract: DDoS attacks are pre-dominant in traditional networks, they are used to bring down the services of important servers in the network, thereby affecting its performance. One such kind of attack is HTTP GET Flood DDoS attack in which a lot of HTTP GET request messages are sent to the victim web server, overwhelming its resources and bringing down its services to the legitimate clients. The solution to such attacks in traditional networks is usually implemented at the servers, but this consumes its resources which could otherwise be used to process genuine client requests. Software Defined Network (SDN) is a new network architecture that helps to deal with these attacks in a different way. In SDN the mitigation can be done using the controller without burdening the server. In this paper, we first show how an HTTP GET Flood DDoS attack can be performed on the webserver in an SDN environment and then propose a solution to mitigate the same with the help of the SDN controller. At the server, the attack is detected by checking the number of requests arriving to the web server for a certain period of time, if the number of request is greater than a particular threshold then the hosts generating such attacks will be blocked for the attack duration. |
14,908 | Please write an abstract with title: Preparation of 3D Alkali Vapor Cell with Vertical Sidewalls, and key words: Three-dimensional displays, Atom optics, Magnetic sensors, Atomic beams, Optical device fabrication, Glass, Silicon. Abstract: This paper demonstrates a new type of 3D alkali vapor cell with vertical sidewalls. We use anisotropic wet etching to prepare blind holes with vertical sidewalls on a (100) silicon wafer, and then complete the preparation of the alkali vapor cell through glass reflow and anodic bonding. The cell is a silicon-glass double-layer structure with a height of 1.7 mm, and the optical path is parallel to the silicon substrate. The 3D alkali vapor cell is suitable for both single - and multi-beam atomic sensors. |
14,909 | Please write an abstract with title: Tools to predict beam breakup in recirculating linacs, and key words: Linear accelerators, Threshold current, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Particle beams, Radio frequency, Acceleration, Electrons, Impedance, Q factor, US Department of Energy. Abstract: An important limitation on the maximum beam current in a recirculating linac is due to beam breakup caused by higher order modes (HOM) excited in the RF cavities. A HOM delivers a transverse kick to a beam bunch, the bunch on the next pass can then drive the HOM and cause it to grow until the beam is lost. Two codes, MATBBU and TDBBU, have been written to estimate the threshold current for a set of HOMs and accelerator optics. The relative merits and limitations of each is discussed in detail. |
14,910 | Please write an abstract with title: The Effects of Integrating Digital Board Game into Prime Factorization Learning on Elementary Students’ Flow Experience, and key words: Education, Games, Mathematics, Behavioral sciences, Radiofrequency identification. Abstract: Mathematics is an important subject to students. However, students usually have low learning effects on mathematics in traditional classrooms since the learning process is usually quite uninteresting. To address the problem, many researches proposed game-based learning approaches to facilitate mathematics education. Board game is also a popular learning approach in recent years. However, teachers are difficult to capture students’ learning behaviors and status during the traditional board gaming process. With the advancement of technology, technology-supported board game is a possible solution to assist teachers in addressing the above problems. Therefore, this study proposed a digital board game with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to support prime factorization learning in mathematics education. The proposed system can capture and record students’ gaming process and teachers can further provide remedial teaching to improve students’ misconceptions. To evaluate students’ flow state while playing the proposed board game, an experiment was conducted in a primary school and 39 students were invited to participate in the experiment. The results revealed that the students achieved positive flow states while playing the proposed board game. Moreover, the boys had better engagement than the girls while playing the proposed board game. |
14,911 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-scale Fusion for Arbitrary-scale Image Super-resolution, and key words: Convolutional neural networks, Interpolation, Machine learning, Image resolution, Measurement, Viruses (medical), Training. Abstract: Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based single image super-resolution (SR) methods have achieved superior performance on some discrete scale factors. Majority CNN-base methods only work for some integer scale factors, such as 2, 3, and 4. Meta-SR method manages to work for more discrete scale factors, such as 1.1, 1.2, etc. However, the scale factors for SR should be arbitrary in practical applications. To extend CNN-based SR methods to an arbitrary scale, in this paper, we propose a multi-scale fusion method for arbitrary-scale SR (MSFASR). In our MSFASR, we first input a low-resolution (LR) image into an existing SR model to generate two different high-resolution (HR) images. Then we downscale/upscale HR images to predict the SR results with target resolution. By exploring scale factor preference, we combine the SR results to get the final SR image. Experimental results with Meta-SR method demonstrated that the MSFASR method could extend CNN-based SR method from discrete to continuous scale and achieve good SR performance on arbitrary scales. |
14,912 | Please write an abstract with title: Transfer Learning Based Evolutionary Algorithm for Bi-level Optimization Problems, and key words: Simulation, Transfer learning, Sociology, Evolutionary computation, Search problems, Task analysis, Covariance matrices. Abstract: Evolutionary algorithms for bi-level optimization suffer from the low efficiency in dealing with the multiple lower level optimization tasks required by the population based upper level search. In this paper, we design a transfer learning based covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (TL-CMA-ES) for bi-level optimization problems, where the tasks of searching for multiple lower level optimal solutions are conducted by a set of CMA-ES optimizers in a parallel manner. Furthermore, a transfer learning strategy is introduced in the parallel lower level CMA-ES search such that each CMA-ES optimizer can learn and utilize useful features gained by its neighbours. Experimental comparison and analysis are carried out to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. |
14,913 | Please write an abstract with title: Priority based Discrete time Dynamic Routing Algorithm for Emergency Evacuation, and key words: Measurement, Hospitals, Heuristic algorithms, Conferences, Urban areas, Transportation, Routing. Abstract: In urban environment evacuation planning is an important requirement for every closed space such as office, hotels, hospitals etc. The existing evacuation research mostly focus on static route planning without considering changing emergency environment. Due to trapped vulnerability of closed spaces, static route planning strategies cannot adapt to changing hazard condition. Thus, it is necessary to design dynamic evacuation routing scheme. In this paper, we propose Priority based Discrete time Dynamic Routing (PDDR) algorithm. It models multisource multi-destination evacuation in closed spaces as a network flow problem, with objective of prioritizing the evacuation of occupants from high risk locations and minimizing the average evacuation time. Extensive simulations are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed algorithm by comparing it with its no priority counterpart Discrete time Dynamic Routing (DDR) algorithm and Static Greedy Routing (SGR) algorithm. The results indicate that PDDR algorithm outperforms both DDR and SGR algorithms. |
14,914 | Please write an abstract with title: Breathe Analysis For Identification Of Respiratory Abnormalities Using SVM, and key words: Lung, Monitoring, Cancer, Support vector machines, Mouth. Abstract: Identification and monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) present in the human breath in the form of gases has been limited due to insufficiency of appropriate materials and techniques till now. The VOC's is the form of gases from the exhaled breath which act as an indicator to identify the presence of diseases and medical conditions in human. It also identifies and monitors the concentration of particular biomarker's level. In recent researchers had proved that the abnormalities in exhaled breath have monitored using equipments such as electronic nose (e-nose), gas chromatography, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and detection of VOCs. This paper proposes implementation of noninvasive method for identifying respiratory abnormalities by using chemical sensors that are sensitive to biomarkers and also the analysis of the result is done in software based system using Support Vector Machine algorithm (SVM) which makes our method more specific than other methodologies and also the system is cost efficient, effective in real time applications. |
14,915 | Please write an abstract with title: On Witsenhausen's zero-error rate for multiple sources, and key words: Decoding, Source coding, Block codes, Random variables, Transmitters, Broadcasting, Graph theory, Information theory, Mathematics. Abstract: We investigate the problem of minimum rate zero-error source coding when there are several decoding terminals having different side information about the central source variable and each of them should decode in an error-free manner. For one decoder this problem was considered by Witsenhausen. The Witsenhausen rate of the investigated multiple source is the asymptotically achievable minimum rate. We prove that the Witsenhausen rate of a multiple source equals the Witsenhausen rate of its weakest element. The proof relies on a powerful result of Gargano, Korner, and Vaccaro about the zero-error capacity of the compound channel. |
14,916 | Please write an abstract with title: Electromagnetic Scattering Solver for Metal Nanostructures via Deep Learning, and key words: Nanoparticles, Training, Deep learning, Three-dimensional displays, Shape, Electromagnetic scattering, Metals. Abstract: Accurate predictions of near-field scattering of metal nanoparticles is an important mission in modern computational optics. The traditional difference algorithm usually requires a lot of computing resources and cumbersome iterative operation, which is not suitable for real-time scenarios. In recent years, deep learning as a new technology is widely used in various computational physics problems. In this paper, a neural network based on U-net is proposed to predict the near-field scattering of metal nanoparticles. The network architecture is applicable both to the two-dimensional and three-dimensional scattering problems in the ultraviolet band. As long as sufficient training samples are provided, the framework can predict the scattering field with high accuracy. Compared with the traditional method (frequency domain finite difference), its calculation acceleration is about three orders of magnitude, so we are confident that it can provide the possibility for real-time prediction of the field quantity. In addition, the network also has a strong generalization ability, which can accurately deal with the scattering problem of the real-site samples which are different from the training set samples, so it is possible to study the interaction between light and complex scatterers. |
14,917 | Please write an abstract with title: A tools environment for developing and reasoning about ontologies, and key words: Ontologies, Semantic Web, Microstrip, Logic, Formal languages, Vocabulary, OWL, Software agents, Software engineering, Sun. Abstract: Started in the beginning of 2001, the semantic Web is regarded by many as the next generation of the Web. Ontology languages are the building blocks of semantic Web as they provide basic vocabularies for data markups: the ontologies. The correctness of shared ontologies is crucial to the proper functioning of agents. Hence ensuring the consistency of ontologies is a central issue in both the design and deployment phases of any semantic Web-aware application. Our experiences show that semantic Web is a novel and fruitful application domain for formal languages and their mature reasoning tool support. In order to ease the application of formal methods and tools to the semantic Web, we developed an integrated tools environment to support systematic development of OWL ontologies and then transformation, reasoning assistance and querying of them. |
14,918 | Please write an abstract with title: Distributed Event-Triggered Optimal Control Method for Heterogeneous Energy Storage Systems in Smart Grid, and key words: Energy storage, Load modeling, Decentralized control, Voltage control, Fluctuations, Renewable energy sources, Demand response, Consensus algorithms. Abstract: Increasing implementation of energy storage systems (ESS) is an available way to mitigate the fluctuation of renewable energy sources (RES) in smart grid. This paper proposes distributed control strategies without/with event-triggered information delivery for a group of heterogeneous energy storage systems (HESS) with different parameters such that the power fluctuation of renewable generation and load variation can be smoothed, meanwhile ensuring power and energy sharing among various ESS. To mitigate the impacts of parameter differences in HESS, a weighted control matrix is designed, and the method of deriving optimal feedback control gain is designed with the help of Riccati control theory. Aiming at reducing communication burdens meanwhile guaranteeing system performance, an event-triggered information delivery strategy without Zeno behavior is introduced to the distributed control method. Convergence and stability of the proposed methods are verified by rigorous mathematical analysis. Simulation studies are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can achieve the state of charge (SoC), the state of temperature (SoT) and the state of energy (SoE) balance of HESS, proportional power sharing and power tracking objectives, even if the states of HESS are interfered by random disturbances. |
14,919 | Please write an abstract with title: Clues for Health and Longevity Lie in Tiny Tardigrades, and key words: Animals, Biology, Medical conditions, Medical tests. Abstract: Tardigrades are miniscule aquatic animals, only about the size of the period at the end of this sentence. Yet they are renowned for their ability to survive a number of punishing physical extremes. Now, scientists studying tardigrades are beginning to uncover the secrets of their super survival skills. In the process, they are discovering unique biological mechanisms that may help to solve real-world, human health problems. |
14,920 | Please write an abstract with title: Driving evaluation of persons with disabilities using an advanced vehicle interface system, and key words: Intelligent vehicles, Vehicle driving, Haptic interfaces, Ergonomics, Employment, Wheels, Road safety, US Department of Transportation, Control systems, Adaptive control. Abstract: This paper presents a new approach to the driving assessment of persons with disabilities in which an advanced vehicle interface system is introduced. This system combines a six-degree-of-freedom force reflecting haptic device and a commercially available vehicle modification system. Innovative ergonomic tasks are presented to determine the appropriate position and orientation of the required driving input device. Further, model based computer assistance is incorporated by using assistance functions such as scaling and tremor filtering. Results, obtained from testing a subject with Muscular Dystrophy (MD), demonstrated that the quantitative ergonomic measurements obtained successfully determined the appropriate position and orientation of the modified steering wheel device. |
14,921 | Please write an abstract with title: Exploring the bunching section of the Neutrino Factory, and key words: Neutrino sources, Production facilities, Particle beams, Mesons, Physics, Research and development, Protons, Acceleration, International collaboration, Lattices. Abstract: There exists now a large demand in better neutrino beams in particle physics community. Studying of such beams could reveal interesting and important properties of the observed neutrino oscillations. A high intensity source of a single flavor of neutrinos with reduced backgrounds, a known energy spectrum and intensity is needed for this research. Such intense source of neutrinos is supposed to be provided by the Neutrino Factory. A Neutrino Factory, as proposed, relies on formation and acceleration of ultra-large emittance muon beams with subsequent decay of the muons into a well-collimated, well-characterized neutrino beam. The muon beam creating section of the lattice is originally based on capturing, bunching and phase rotation in an expensive induction linac. A recently proposed different scheme bunches particles and reduces their energy spread in an array of high-frequency rf cavities whose rf frequency varies along the length of the channel. The cost reduction and simplicity of the proposed approach is extensive but is still not at its optimum. Different variations of the design paramaters leading to different properties of the beam and cost are possible. This work explores the approach, variations and develops an optimization scheme for rf parameters based on the underlying beam dynamics. |
14,922 | Please write an abstract with title: Improved Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm and Its Application to Fundus Retinal Blood Vessel Image Binarization, and key words: Artificial bee colony algorithm, Clustering algorithms, Particle swarm optimization, Blood vessels, Biomedical imaging, Heuristic algorithms, Retina. Abstract: The content of this work is based on the characteristics of standard artificial bee colony(ABC) algorithm with weak local search ability and slow convergence speed. Then, an improved algorithm named KD-ABC is proposed. For improving the diversity and quality of the solution, it changes the generation method of honey source. In the initialization phase, it uses the cluster center generated by the K-MEANS method as the initial honey source instead of the initialization in the standard method. For improving the local optimization ability and the convergence speed without reducing the global search, we proposed a dynamic neighborhood search mechanism based on the number of iterations in terms of ABC search strategy and neighborhood selection stage. In order to find a suitable threshold to divide the grayscale image into blood vessels and background parts, we applied the characteristics of the KD-ABC algorithm to the binary processing stage of the fundus retinal blood vessel image, which lays the foundation for future image recognition. |
14,923 | Please write an abstract with title: Transient finite element modeling of magneto-optic imaging of aging aircraft, and key words: Finite element methods, Aging, Aircraft, Magnetooptic recording, Optical imaging, Surface cracks, Fasteners, Optical recording, Magnetic flux leakage, Corrosion. Abstract: Magneto-optic imaging (MOI) is a relatively new technique implementing optical recording of magnetic flux leakage from surface and subsurface defects in both ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic metals. These techniques have gained widespread interest in the aviation industry for detecting cracks and corrosion beneath paint and other surface coatings. This paper presents transient finite element (FE) modeling of eddy current magneto-optic imaging, considering a typical inspection configuration of a subsurface crack initiating under the cap of a fastener. Implementation results are shown for different fastener material types and excitation pulse-width durations. Modeling is performed under ANSYS environment, and simulation results revealed that noticeable change exists in the vertical component of the magnetic field for adopted configuration. Developing of accurate FE models should enhance future developments of MOI systems for aging aircraft. |
14,924 | Please write an abstract with title: Reducing Delay Penalty of Multiple Concurrent Software Projects based on Overtime Planning, and key words: Software engineering, Germanium, Conferences, 6G mobile communication. Abstract: For software projects, significant delays can result in heavy penalty which may end up with project costs exceeding their budgets. As a consequence, employees, i.e., software developers, are often requested to work overtime in order to reduce or even eliminate the delays. By doing so, overtime payment may often be introduced and excessive overtime payment can also easily swallow company profit which may even lead to serious overdraft Hence software manager needs to decide who should work overtime and how much overtime they would take in order to control the cost. This means that it is important to investigate how to reduce or eliminate the overall penalties by taking multiple concurrent software projects into account. In practice, there is normally a number of available employees with same or similar skills and domain knowledge from other similar concurrent projects. In addition, they have different skill proficiency.So rescheduling those employees with appropriate overtime may be feasible to find a solution which can reduce or eliminate the penalties of delayed software projects. Since this kind of scheduling is a typical NP-hard problem, a novel generic strategy is proposed to help select appropriate employees and determine how much overtime to be assigned to the delayed activities. The new strategy combines the features of Ant Colony Optimization algorithm and Tabu strategy and includes four rules to reduce the search space. A set of comprehensive generic experiments is carried out in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed strategy in a general manner. In addition, three real world software project instances are also utilized to evaluate our strategy The results demonstrate that our strategy is effective which outperforms the other representative strategies which are applied successfully at software project scheduling. |
14,925 | Please write an abstract with title: Dispersion-Managed Fiber Echo State Network Analogue With High (Including THz) Bandwidth, and key words: Optical attenuators, Optical distortion, Dispersion, Bandwidth, Optical mixing, Optical pumping. Abstract: We propose a design for high (including THz) bandwidth neuromorphic signal processing based on fiber echo state network analogue and demonstrate through numerical modeling its efficiency for distortion mitigation in optical communications with high-order (including 1024-QAM) formats. This is achieved via all-optical implementation of masking and neural functionality by utilizing dispersion and nonlinear properties of the fiber. The design is flexible and format-transparent making it relevant for future communication systems. The model is simple to implement, as it requires only two attenuators and pumps in addition to a traditional nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM), and offers a vast range of optimization parameters. |
14,926 | Please write an abstract with title: Improvement of SOI microdosimeter performance using pulse-shape discrimination techniques, and key words: Aerospace electronics, Medical treatment, Energy measurement, Silicon, Diodes, Volume measurement, Physics, Australia, Pulse measurements, Radiation detectors. Abstract: The timing properties of a silicon-on-insulator microdosimeter for medical and space applications have been studied using an ion microprobe. These measurements were used with a pulse-shape discrimination technique to render the microdosimeter insensitive to ion strikes outside the ideal sensitive volume. These improvements have resulted in a microdosimeter with a cubic sensitive volume with dimensions 10/spl times/10/spl times/10 /spl mu/m/sup 3/, a charge collection spectrum close to Gaussian for a monoenergetic source, and a decreased sensitivity to radiation damage. |
14,927 | Please write an abstract with title: Seismocardiographic Signals Detection Based on Circulant Singular Spectrum Analysis through Millimeter Wave Radar, and key words: Vibrations, Radar detection, Millimeter wave radar, Logic gates, Trajectory, Matrix decomposition, Clutter. Abstract: Aiming at the problem that Seismocardiography (SCG) signal detection cannot be promoted due to the bulkiness of the equipment and the SCG containing 7 fiducial points is difficult to extract, this paper proposes a non-contact SCG signal detection algorithm based on the circulant singular spectrum analysis (CiSSA) that runs on a millimeter-wave radar platform. In order to make the detection equipment portable and achieve non-contact detection, this paper uses a millimeter-wave radar working in the 60-64GHz frequency band to collect the signal returned from the surface of the human chest cavity. Then the signal is processed by static clutter elimination and maximum energy distance gate positioning algorithm to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, especially to reduce the interference problem caused by people’s tiny movement. For the key problem that the SCG curve extracted by traditional filtering methods are fuzzy and the fiducial points are difficult to identify, the CiSSA method is used to improve the accuracy and completeness of SCG curve extraction. By CiSSA, the signal is embedded into trajectory matrix, and then decomposed into component matrices containing various frequency characteristics. Next, the component matrices are grouped according to the frequency distribution characteristics of the SCG signal, and finally the result of the grouping is reconstructed into a high-precision SCG signal with clear and distinguishable fiducial points. Experiments show that the proposed SCG detection method can accurately extract the SCG curve, clearly distinguish 7 fiducial points of the SCG, and the success rate of detection can reach 97%. This provides the possibility for the popularization of SCG signal detection. |
14,928 | Please write an abstract with title: A decision theoretic approach to parameter estimation, and key words: Parameter estimation, Statistics, Probability, Estimation theory, Instruments, Automatic control, Maximum likelihood estimation, Random variables. Abstract: A decision theoretic approach to estimation of unknown random and nonrandom parameters from a linear measurements model is proposed, when the a priori statistics are incomplete and only a small number of data points are available. The unknown statistics are partially characterized by considering two regions in the measurement space, namely, good and bad data regions and constraining the partial probability, the partial covariance, or the combination thereof of the measurements. The random parameter is assumed to be Gaussian variable with known mean and known covariance. Choosing the minimum covariance criterion, the min-max estimator is found to be soft-limiter or tangent type nonlinear function depending upon the a priori statistic available. The estimator for the unknown nonrandom parameter is obtained from the root of some function of the residuals, the function being obtained by minimizing the error covariance. The estimator obtained is similar to a random parameter case. |
14,929 | Please write an abstract with title: A curriculum renovation revisited, and key words: Educational institutions, Educational programs, Technological innovation, Reflection, Engineering education, Bonding, Teamwork, Information technology, Cultural differences. Abstract: At the 1999 FIE Conference, a paper was presented that described in detail the process that the College of Engineering at the University of Notre Dame had just undergone in developing a template for change in the Undergraduate Curriculum. In the current paper, the responses to those recommendations and the influence of the changes are reported on, showing the development of the implementation timeline and the details of the steps taken along the way. Moving forward with continuous assessment and improvement in every degree program, the various activities in the College and the Departments continue to be fine tuned. At the same time, the pulse of engineering practice and education is observed as it is nuanced to achieve specific institutional objectives. This paper highlights where the College has been, where it is and where it hopes to be in the next decade. Furthermore, it focuses on the continuing process of implementation and points out how curricular innovation and improvement have become imbedded in the practices of the College |
14,930 | Please write an abstract with title: Coded-beam Strategy for High Throughput Satellites - A Path Toward Terahertz Communications - System Model, Realization and Performance Assessment, and key words: High-temperature superconductors, Satellite broadcasting, Interference, Performance gain, Throughput, Encoding, Resource management. Abstract: This Paper presents a realization of a new trend for the High Throughput Satellite (HTS) resource allocation, known as Coded-beam High Throughput Satellite (CB-HTS) strategy. The system model demonstrates the physical layer description of the proposed CB-HTS strategy. The paper investigates the performance of the proposed system, which is validated for the different modulation and coding (MODCOD) techniques of the Digital Video Broadcasting standards (DVBS2/DVB-S2X). The numerical results of the proposed CB-HTS system are performed with realistic satellite link channel conditions and demonstrate a significant performance gain over the state of art technology, which depends on the frequency reuse concept. Results demonstrate a significant performance enhancement over the state of the art. |
14,931 | Please write an abstract with title: An ad-hoc network simulator based on an semi-deterministic channel characterization, and key words: Ad hoc networks, Cost function, Radio link, Routing, Computational modeling, Bit error rate, Physical layer, Wireless networks, Laboratories, Silicon carbide. Abstract: Classical studies on ad-hoc networks use heuristic or statistical models to characterize the physical layer of each radio link. In this paper we present an original simulator allowing to quantify these links by a statistical or deterministic channel characterization. The main drawback of the deterministic approaches is the computation time. So, we consider for our study an optimized semi-deterministic characterization of the propagation channel. Finally, we quantify each radio link of an ad-hoc network by a bit error rate (BER) cost function thanks to a WIFI (norm 802.11) digital transmission chain, and we study the routing results obtained by the Dijkstra algorithm |
14,932 | Please write an abstract with title: MDPRP: A Q-Learning Approach for the Joint Control of Beaconing Rate and Transmission Power in VANETs, and key words: Safety, Resource management, Proposals, Load modeling, Power control, Markov processes, Connected vehicles. Abstract: Vehicular ad-hoc communications rely on periodic broadcast beacons as the basis for most of their safety applications, allowing vehicles to be aware of their surroundings. However, an excessive beaconing load might compromise the proper operation of these crucial applications, especially regarding the exchange of emergency messages. Therefore, congestion control can play an important role. In this article, we propose joint beaconing rate and transmission power control based on policy evaluation. To this end, a Markov Decision Process (MDP) is modeled by making a set of reasonable simplifying assumptions which are resolved using Q-learning techniques. This MDP characterization, denoted as MDPRP (indicating Rate and Power), leverages the trade-off between beaconing rate and transmission power allocation. Moreover, MDPRP operates in a non-cooperative and distributed fashion, without requiring additional information from neighbors, which makes it suitable for use in infrastructureless (ad-hoc) networks. The results obtained reveal that MDPRP not only balances the channel load successfully but also provides positive outcomes in terms of packet delivery ratio. Finally, the robustness of the solution is shown since the algorithm works well even in those cases where none of the assumptions made to derive the MDP model apply. |
14,933 | Please write an abstract with title: Sentiment Analysis on Reviews of E-commerce Sites Using Machine Learning Algorithms, and key words: Support vector machines, Industries, Sentiment analysis, Technological innovation, Analytical models, Machine learning algorithms, Electronic commerce. Abstract: Customers of e-commerce platforms exchange their thoughts with such kinds of languages. In the age of the present competitive business world, sentiment analysis is widely used in the e-commerce industry to improve efficiency and better understand to make business decisions. Earlier research on sentiment analysis was in English but there is no such significant work in Bangla language and Romanized Bangla language reviews. Therefore, we have developed a machine learning model where reviews on three different languages (Bangla, English, and Romanized Bangla) are used and applied six machine learning algorithms. We have demonstrated a comparative analysis with existing work and have discussed the detailed accuracy, precision, recall, F1 scores, and ROC area. We have prepared three datasets and labeled all the reviews data as Negative, Positive, Neutral, Slightly Negative, and Slightly Positive sentiment. To perform the analysis, the preprocessed datasets were trained using machine learning techniques, and the model performances is evaluated. For the Bangla dataset, Support Vector Machine(SVM) algorithm performed best by achieving 94% accuracy and for the English and Romanized Bangla dataset, Random Forest algorithm performed best by achieving 93% and 94% accuracy respectively. |
14,934 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards Service Orchestration for the Cloud-to-Thing Continuum, and key words: Cloud computing, Fault tolerance, Fault tolerant systems, Computer architecture, Real-time systems, Internet of Things, Time factors. Abstract: The cloud-to-thing continuum is emerging today as a solution to the requirements of next-generation Internet of Things (IoT) systems that integrate an immense number of heterogeneous devices generating massive amounts of data with applications that require real-time processing, extremely low service response times, and improved reliability and security. The concept of fog computing aims to offload the cloud by moving services to the edge of the network, closer to IoT devices, where the cloud-to-thing continuum refers to a highly distributed, decentralized, and dynamic environment that spans from devices to the cloud. Service orchestration is key to continuously ensuring optimal service placement in this complex environment, both in time and space, in accordance with specific real-time application requirements, taking into account workload balancing, fault tolerance, and system stability. In this paper, we identify service orchestration technologies as enablers for the cloud-to-thing continuum and present a general architecture for service orchestration in the cloud-to-thing continuum. The architecture is implemented using Eclipse ioFog to demonstrate and evaluate the service orchestration strategies in an emulated network, and to explore the applicability of ioFog for real-world next-generation IoT solutions. |
14,935 | Please write an abstract with title: Cross-domain Sentiment Classification in Spanish, and key words: Analytical models, Sentiment analysis, Databases, Bit error rate, Motion pictures, Transformers, Task analysis. Abstract: Sentiment Classification is a fundamental task in the field of Natural Language Processing, and has very important academic and commercial applications. It aims to automatically predict the degree of sentiment present in a text that contains opinions and subjectivity at some level, like product and movie reviews, or tweets. This can be really difficult to accomplish, in part, because different domains of text contains different words and expressions. In addition, this difficulty increases when text is written in a non-English language due to the lack of databases and resources. As a consequence, several cross-domain and cross-language techniques are often applied to this task in order to improve the results. In this work we perform a study on the ability of a classification system trained with a large database of product reviews to generalize to different Spanish domains. Reviews were collected from the MercadoLibre website from seven Latin American countries, allowing the creation of a large and balanced dataset. Results suggest that generalization across domains is feasible though very challenging when trained with these product reviews, and can be improved by pre-training and fine-tuning the classification model. |
14,936 | Please write an abstract with title: Flexible MIMO architectures: guidelines in the design of MIMO parameters, and key words: MIMO, Guidelines, Transmitters, Detectors, Channel state information, Space time codes, Maximum likelihood detection, Bit error rate, Telecommunications, Communication systems. Abstract: One of the multiple advantages of communicating through MIMO systems is their inherent ability to provide flexible configurations. Following this line of thought, in this paper we present a generic framework to study the degrees of freedom in the design of MIMO communication systems (e.g.: code length, number of multiplexed streams, or receiver structure). Precisely, we focus our efforts to bridge the gap between the design of MIMO systems with full and no channel state information at the transmitter side and also with different complexity degrees at the receiver side. For instance, we can establish a trade-off, not only between the achievable rates and the diversity or beamforming gains, but also between the rate and the robustness to uncertainties in the channel state information. |
14,937 | Please write an abstract with title: Zonally Robust Decentralized Optimization for Global Energy Interconnection: Case Study on Northeast Asian Countries, and key words: Robustness, Uncertainty, Optimization, Power system economics, Distributed algorithms, Power generation dispatch, Renewable energy sources. Abstract: Nowadays, the entire world is facing challenges in energy and environment. To resolve these problems, the power systems are interconnected to promote the development of renewable energy sources (RESs). However, the economic dispatch (ED) problem for the global energy interconnection (GEI) should tackle two issues: 1) handle the uncertainty from RES and allocate the responsibility among the interconnected countries and 2) protect the information privacy through the dispatch. Motivated by the above, this article proposes a zonally adjustable robust decentralized ED model for the GEI. In the model, each country is only responsible for its own uncertainty, and tie-line power flows remain unchanged under uncertainties. Moreover, an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM)-based fully distributed algorithm is used, in which only limited information should be exchanged between neighboring countries. Finally, a case study on the Northeast Asian countries verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method. Note to Practitioners-Since the renewable energy generation has a spatial correlation among regional countries, global energy interconnection (GEI) aims to combine several power systems together to promote the renewable energy accommodation. However, two problems need to be considered: 1) Information Privacy: The information privacy of the power system in each country should be preserved, which prevents the GEI from conducting a centralized optimal dispatch framework and 2) Uncertainty: The uncertain output of renewable energy resources brings challenge to the power system secure operation. The main contribution of this article is to set up a zonally robust decentralized optimization for the GEI, where the zonally robust economic dispatch (ED) is conducted by the area control error (ACE) system to manage the difference between scheduled and actual generation under the uncertainties, and the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMMs) algorithm is adopted for decentralizing the zonally adjustable robust ED model, which only needs limited information. In particular, this article uses a real-world example from Northeast Asian Countries to help engineers understand the advantages of the GEI and the new dispatch framework. |
14,938 | Please write an abstract with title: MetaSensing Airborne InSAR Systems for DEM Generation: Results from X, C, P-Band Campaigns, and key words: Atmospheric modeling, Forestry, Apertures, Calibration, Synthetic aperture radar. Abstract: This paper presents the technological and methodological aspects of the multifrequency MetaSensing systems for DEM generation. Three selected recent airborne campaigns, each at a different operating bands (X, C & P), specifically designed for InSAR applications are reported. The paper first provides a general overview of the installation of the different airborne SAR systems followed by a description of the processing and calibration steps. We introduce the use of the zero-meter-baseline single-pass interferogram for the phase calibration. The paper presents the results over hilly areas and forested terrains and discusses the resolution and the accuracy of the processed data. |
14,939 | Please write an abstract with title: Mobile distributed e-learning center, and key words: Electronic learning, Context-aware services, Broadcasting, Information systems, Consumer electronics, Proposals, Wireless networks, Intelligent networks, Intelligent structures, Research and development. Abstract: The development of a mobile distributed e-learning center (DeLC) with enhanced functionality, including two pilot mobile services, is described. Some DeLC re-engineering approaches to enhance the m-learning/m-teaching facilities available in a university campus are considered. |
14,940 | Please write an abstract with title: Study and Design an Equipment-fault-diagnosis System Based on 3D Draft Software, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Three-dimensional displays, Conferences, Process control, Control systems, Software, Information technology. Abstract: This paper investigate a newly fault diagnosis system and trainee system based on 3D draft software. Compared to traditional fault diagnosis system, a system established on 3D software enables user easily to control manipulating system and aware of rate of process. In this paper, it firstly lists advantage and disadvantage of traditional fault diagnosis system, secondly introduces 3D draft software and practical application, lastly discusses benefit when combines 3D draft in fault diagnosis. |
14,941 | Please write an abstract with title: A Robust Object Tracking and Visual Servo Method for Mobile Robot, and key words: Visualization, Histograms, Target tracking, Search problems, Real-time systems, Mobile robots, Object tracking. Abstract: The general Siamese network based object tracking methods tend to generate the final score map from high-level features and treat features from each position equally, which may lead to the problems of large search region and low efficiency. In order to solve these, this paper proposes a fully-connected Siamese network tracking method based on the calculation of histogram of gradient feature similarity and on feedback of the fading-memory Kalman filter. This strategy enables real-time correction and compensation, which means it could re-track the target although it is occluded or temporarily lost. The target’s bounding box obtained by object tracking method is used to produce the control command and achieve the image-based visual servo. Comparative experiments with other methods are conducted on several public datasets to prove its effectiveness. In addition, we design a mobile robot tracking system to test the algorithmic performance in real-world scenarios. Experimental results show that the robot is able to track the target accurately, and continue to track the target despite occlusion or temporary disappearance. |
14,942 | Please write an abstract with title: Tree-varying multicast on an overlay network of unreliable end hosts, and key words: Multicast protocols, Switches, Scalability, Error correction, Computer networks, Stress, Broadcasting, Laboratories, Proposals, Bit rate. Abstract: IP-layer multicast (IP multicast) is a sophisticated approach for delivering data to multiple receiver hosts distributed in networks, but several issues have prevented its wide deployment. To solve the issues, several application-layer multicasts (ALM) have been proposed as architectural alternatives to IP multicast. ALMs depend on the reliability of the end hosts, but end hosts are less stable than network devices, such as switches and routers, which IP multicast depends on, because their computing resources are shared by other, unpredictable, processes. The article presents a new ALM protocol on an overlay of such undependable end hosts. It exploits a group hierarchy for scalable data delivery, for example, to thousands of receivers, as well as conventional ALMs. No leader hosts are fixed in the hierarchy, but they are dynamically and randomly assigned for each forwarding operation at the end hosts. Thus, the multicast trees change very frequently. This distributes and balances the stress in the delivery networks, avoiding congestion. We analyse the link stress and show that it is up to double the data bit rate when the receivers are equally distributed in the group hierarchy. This also makes the system stable and robust, not only to dynamic membership changes when receivers join and leave, but also to temporal performance changes in the receiver hosts, which would cause errors such as a packet loss when they fail to receive or send some packets in time. We also discuss scalability issues and show the results of demonstration experiments. |
14,943 | Please write an abstract with title: Delivering Scientific Influence Analysis as a Service on Research Grants Repository, and key words: Collaboration, Data mining, Feature extraction, Analytical models, Heating systems, Bibliometrics, Computational modeling. Abstract: Research grants have played an important role in seeding and promoting fundamental research projects worldwide. There is a growing demand for developing and delivering scientific influence analysis as a service on research grant repositories. Such analysis can provide insight on how research grants help foster new research collaborations, encourage cross-organization collaborations, influence new research trends, and identify technical leadership. This article presents the design and development of a grant-based scientific influence analysis service, coined as <small>GImpact</small>. It takes a graph-theoretic approach to design and develop the scientific influence analysis algorithms over a real research-grant repository with three original contributions. First, we model the scientific influence analysis problem as a graph-based analysis problem by constructing heterogeneous graphs from the grants dataset, including mining the dataset to identify and extract important features and represent such features as a research grants information network. Second, we develop the scientific influence analysis algorithms over the research grants information network, which compute the overall scientific influence score by integrating self-influence score and multiple co-influence scores. The self-influence score reflects the grant-based research collaborations among institutions, and the co-influence scores reflect various types of cross-institution collaborations in terms of disciplines and keywords (subject areas). Third, we leverage the cluster analysis on the institution graph as an example application of scientific influence analysis service. By partitioning the institution graph into $K$ clusters, with $K$ as one of the service interface parameters, we show how different disciplines and different keywords are co-related through the grant-based influence analysis. We evaluate <small>GImpact</small> using a real grants dataset, consisting of 2512 institutions and their grants received over a period of 14 years. Our experimental results show that the <small>GImpact</small> influence analysis approach can effectively identify the grant-based research collaboration groups and provide valuable insight on an in-depth understanding of the scientific influence of research grants on research programs, institution leadership, and future collaboration opportunities. |
14,944 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimization of cargo transport with a view to cost efficient operation of container ship, and key words: Cost function, Containers, Marine vehicles, Profitability, Linear programming, Constraint optimization, Mathematical model, Functional programming, Payloads, Mathematical programming. Abstract: We present a mathematical model addressing the problem of cargo transport by container ship on the selected route where a certain number of containers of various masses and types are chosen out of a total number of containers available in loading port in order to achieve maximum transport profitability, provided maximum payload and transport capacity of container ship. Since the profitability is an index of operation efficiency expressed as a fraction, a respective mathematical model can be solved using linear fractional programming. The model was tested on a real-life example of feeder ship "Lipa" owned by "Losinjska plovidba", Rijeka, operating on route Rijeka-Gioia Tauro. |
14,945 | Please write an abstract with title: Impact of unbalance on power system harmonics, and key words: Power system harmonics, Voltage, Power system analysis computing, Harmonic analysis, Power system simulation, Load modeling, Power system modeling, Power system protection, Furnaces, Circuits. Abstract: Due to the ever increasing number of nonlinear loads on distribution systems, the existence of harmonics, nowadays, is inevitable. As a result voltage and current waveforms are rarely sinusoidal. In addition, distribution systems are quite often unbalanced in nature. This necessitates the study of the combined effect of unbalance and nonlinearity on power system voltages and currents. Results of simulations carried out to study the effect of unbalance on the harmonics injected by a 6-pulse converter drive, are presented in this paper. Initial analysis is carried out in the phasor domain, and this is corroborated with results obtained by decomposing individual harmonics into symmetrical components. The performance of arc furnace models, under unbalanced conditions is also investigated, to observe the impact of unbalance on the modeling of nonlinear loads. |
14,946 | Please write an abstract with title: Fabrication of thermoelectric cooler for device integration, and key words: Fabrication, Thermoelectricity, Thermoelectric devices, Testing, Heat pumps, Temperature sensors, Optical devices, Thermal stresses, Solid state circuits, Semiconductor materials. Abstract: Thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is a solid state heat pump which uses the semiconductor materials, by Peltier effect, to provide instantaneous cooling or heating. It has the advantage of having no moving parts and thus maintenance free. Due to flexibility in design and miniaturization, there is an opportunity for TEC to be integrated into a temperature sensitive device like laser diodes for temperature stabilization. A TEC module with dimension of 3mm /spl times/ 3.8mm /spl times/ 1mm which could fit into a transceiver optical sub-assembly (TOSA) device was demonstrated using conventional dicing and SMT process. The TEC module assembled with 18 pairs of elements of 0.3mm /spl times/ 0.3mm /spl times/ 0.4mm is able to achieve a figure-of-merit (Z) of 2.3. The TEC module was also tested extensively in thermal stress test, temperature storage test and power cycling test. All tests showed a stable performance with change in AC resistance of less than 5%. |
14,947 | Please write an abstract with title: Hybrid Integration Method for Sunlight Atmospheric Scattering, and key words: Scattering, Atmospheric modeling, Mathematical model, Mie scattering, Numerical models, Rayleigh scattering, Optical scattering. Abstract: In computer graphics, the efficient rendering of a clear sky may greatly enhance the realism of synthesised interactive virtual environments. However, light atmospheric scattering, lying behind a reliable sky synthesis, is a computationally demanding process. Obtaining the highest possible accuracy and quality of the synthesised image in an efficient manner is not trivial as even minor integration errors may result in huge image artefacts. In this paper we propose two new approaches, namely the first based on the splines and the second on the Taylor expansion, in order to obtain the efficient computing of the transmittance (optical depth) component of the physically based single scattering model. We used Bruneton’s framework to compare the proposed solution with state-of-the-art methods in a single, scattering-based clear sky synthesis, in terms of image quality and performance (time). We managed to improve the quality of the single scattering effect and time performance and we removed the necessity of pre-calculating values to look-up tables for the transmittance part of the scattering integral, reducing exploited memory usage. |
14,948 | Please write an abstract with title: Spectroscopic study of ionization enhancement in magnetron sputtering with solenoid coil, and key words: Spectroscopy, Ionization, Sputtering, Solenoids, Coils, Magnetic semiconductors, Coatings, Optical films, Argon, Semiconductor thin films. Abstract: Summary form only given, as follows. Magnetron sputtering is a broadly used process for coating thin films for display applications, semiconductor applications, hard coatings, decorative coatings, optical coatings, and so on. In order to enhance the film properties and deposition rate various magnetron sputtering sources have been developed such as dual magnetron sputtering, ionized magnetron sputtering, grid assisted magnetron sputtering, and so on. We have developed high efficiency magnetron sputtering sources. In this study, we investigated of spectroscopic study for ionization enhancement in the magnetron sputtering process with a solenoid coil. The sputtering cathode used in the experiment is a unbalanced magnetron sputtering source with a Ti target which is coupled with a solenoid coil. The active species were evaluated in terms of the 1st negative system and 2 nd positive system of nitrogen, Ar I (4p'-4s') and Ar II (4p-4s) by optical emission spectroscopy. |
14,949 | Please write an abstract with title: An Asymmetrical Reduced Switch Multilevel Inverter based Grid-connected PV system, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Current control, Simulation, Switching frequency, Capacitors, Prototypes, Multilevel inverters. Abstract: A grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system using a six-switch asymmetrical 9-level inverter is presented in this paper. One of the major advantages of the proposed grid-tied PV system using the six switches 9-level inverter over other existing topologies is that the number of conducting switches is only two for obtaining any voltage level. Thus the proposed grid-tied PV system is more efficient than the other PV system. Moreover, the proposed PV system can be extended to a high-power using cascading of several 9-level modules as well as to a three-phase structure very easily. A closed-loop current control technique is developed to balance the DC-link voltage in the ratio of 1:2. An experimental prototype of the proposed 9-level inverter-based PV system is developed in the laboratory demonstrate effectiveness of the control technique and to validate the simulation results. |
14,950 | Please write an abstract with title: Novel Predictive Start-up Algorithm for Soft Starter Driven Induction Motors, and key words: Induction motors, Prediction algorithms, Mathematical model, Permanent magnet motors, Rotors, Stators, Torque. Abstract: This paper presents a new model predictive algorithm for induction motors driven by a soft starter. The predictive algorithm idea and equations that are used for the calculation of the system behaviour are discussed in detail. Decision criteria are introduced and defined for different aspects. Measurements of predictive and classic start-ups are done under different load conditions and then compared. Also, the capabilities, the advantages and opportunities of the new approach are discussed. |
14,951 | Please write an abstract with title: A saliency-based multiscale method for on-line cursive handwriting shape description, and key words: Shape, Ink, Handwriting recognition, Visual system, Feature extraction, Visual perception, Data mining, Encoding, Noise shaping, Motor drives. Abstract: We propose a method derived from an analogy with the primate visual system for selecting the best scale at which the electronic ink of the handwriting should be described. According to this analogy, the method computes a multiscale features maps by evaluating the curvature along the ink at different levels of resolution and arranges them into a pyramidal structure. Then, feature values extracted at different scales are combined in such a way that values that locally stand out from their surrounds are enhanced, while those comparable with their neighbours are suppressed. A saliency map is eventually obtained by combining those features value across all possible scales. Such a map is then used to select a representation that is largely invariant with respect to the shape variations encountered in handwriting. Experiments on two data sets have shown that simple algorithms adopting the proposed representation lead to very stable stroke segmentation and feature matching. |
14,952 | Please write an abstract with title: Artificial intelligence and machine learning for a better decision making in the public sector, and key words: Digital transformation, Decision making, Process control, Machine learning, Companies, Classification algorithms, Data mining. Abstract: After the implementation of the advanced regionalization in Morocco, political and public decision-makers will need to be equipped with a set of technological tools to improve decision making. Artificial intelligence systems are generally better at making decisions and predictions using a technique called machine learning. In this article we will discuss a solution to predict outcomes of the different territorial projects of the regional council of Beni Mellal–Khenifra in Morocco. For this a dataset containing 526 conventions was collected, for each one there is at least one project (more than 700 projects). Then, this dataset of project will be processed for the purpose of extracting the most important characteristics which can control the outcomes. Afterwards, a set of classification algorithms will be applied on the available dataset. Finally, a general conclusion will be drawn. |
14,953 | Please write an abstract with title: Blockchain Methods for Trusted Avionics Systems, and key words: Aerospace electronics, Surveillance, Software, Contracts, Internet of Things. Abstract: Blockchain is a popular method to ensure security for trusted systems. The benefits include an auditable method to provide decentralized security without a trusted third party, but the drawback is the large computational resources needed to process and store the ever-expanding chain of security blocks. The promise of blockchain for edge devices (e.g., internet of things) poses a variety of challenges and strategies before adoption. In this paper, we explore blockchain methods and examples, with experimental data to determine the merits of the capabilities. As for an aerospace example, we address a notional example for Automatic dependent surveillance- broadcast (ADS-B) from Flight24 data (https://www.flightradar24.com/) to determine whether blockchain is feasible for avionics systems. The methods are incorporated into the Lightweight Internet of Things (IoT) based Smart Public Safety (LISPS) framework. By decoupling a complex system into independent sub-tasks, the LISPS system possesses high flexibility in the design process and online maintenance. The Blockchain-enabled decentralized avionics services provide a secured data sharing and access control mechanism. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. |
14,954 | Please write an abstract with title: Trajectory Planning of a Moving Robot Empowers 3D Localization of RFID Tags With a Single Antenna, and key words: Robots, Three-dimensional displays, Antenna measurements, Antennas, Radiofrequency identification, Phase measurement, Real-time systems. Abstract: In this work, we present a method for 3D localization of RFID tags by a reader-equipped robot with a single antenna. The robot carries a set of sensors, which enable it to create a map of the environment and locate itself in it (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping - SLAM). Then we exploit the collected phase measurements to localize large tag populations in real-time. We show that by forcing the robot to move along non-straight trajectories, thus creating non-linear synthetic apertures, the circular ambiguity of the possible tag's locations is eliminated and 3D localization is accomplished. A reliability metric is introduced, suitable for real-time assessment of the localization error. We investigate how the curvature of the robot's trajectory affects the accuracy under varying multipath conditions. It is found that increasing the trajectory's slope and number of turns improves the accuracy of the method. We introduce a phase model that accounts for the effects of multipath and derive the closed form expression of the resultant's phase probability density function. Finally, the proposed method is extended when multiple antennas are available. Experimental results in a “multipath-rich” indoor environment demonstrate a mean 3D error of 35cm, achieved in a few seconds. |
14,955 | Please write an abstract with title: Simple boundary element method for three-dimensional magnetostatic problems, and key words: Boundary element methods, Magnetostatics, Magnetization, Magnetic separation, Integral equations, Finite difference methods, Finite element methods, Magnetic field measurement, Vibration measurement, Performance evaluation. Abstract: For numerical solution of three-dimensional magnetostatic problems the applications of finite-difference (FDM) and finite-element (FEM) methods require long calculating time and large storage capacity. In some cases these requirements can be reduced by the use of boundary element methods (BEM). A simple boundary element solution, and its application to the calculation of magnetization and stray fields of magnetic bodies, is described. The results are compared with experimental stray-field measurements performed using a vibrating pick-up loop magnetometer with high geometrical resolution [14]. |
14,956 | Please write an abstract with title: Advances in oral cancer detection using optical coherence tomography, and key words: Cancer detection, Tomography, Biomedical optical imaging, Optical imaging, Lesions, High-resolution imaging, Biological tissues, Image resolution, Medical services, Biomedical equipment. Abstract: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new modality capable of cross sectional imaging of biological tissue. Due to its many technical advantages such as high image resolution, fast acquisition time, and noninvasive capabilities, OCT is potentially useful in various medical applications. Because OCT systems can function with a fiber optic probe, they are applicable to almost any anatomic structures accessible either directly, or by endoscopy. OCT has the potential to provide a fast and noninvasive means for early clinical detection, diagnosis, screening, and monitoring of precancer and cancer. With an imaging depth range of 2-3 mm, OCT diagnostics are particularly suitable for the oral mucosa. Currently, it is difficult to detect premalignant and malignant oral lesions due to their often multifocal nature and need for repeated biopsies. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of OCT for the diagnosis of multiple stages of oral cancer progression. In this paper, we present not only conventional 2-D OCT images, but also 3-D volume images of normal and precancerous lesions. Our results demonstrate that OCT is a potential tool for cancer detection with comprehensive diagnostic images. |
14,957 | Please write an abstract with title: A statistical UWB channel model based on physical analysis, and key words: Bandwidth, Reflection, Diffraction, Proposals, Solid modeling, Standardization, Geometry, Frequency, Polarization, Mobile communication. Abstract: UWB systems were presented as a promising radio technology. Because of their large bandwidth, these networks are supposed able to deliver high data rates at short ranges. This motivates the work presented in this paper where we analyze UWB channel behavior based on path model derived from physical approach. We will show then the impact of large bandwidth on path impulse response time dispersion due to physical phenomena like reflection and diffraction. Afterwards, we will propose a new UWB channel model based on previous physical analysis. |
14,958 | Please write an abstract with title: A Double Metaphone encoding for Bangla and its application in spelling checker, and key words: Encoding, Natural languages, Clustering algorithms, Modems. Abstract: We present a Double Metaphone encoding for Bangla that can be used by spelling checkers to improve the quality of suggestions for misspelled words. The complex rules of Bangla spelling present a significant challenge in producing suggestions for a misspelled word when employing the traditional edit-distance methods; one must take phonetic similarity into account for the suggested alternatives to be reasonably accurate. We propose a Double Metaphone encoding for Bangla, taking into account the various context-sensitive rules, including those involving the large repertoire of consonant clusters in Bangla, and present a comparison with the traditional edit-distance based methods in producing suggestions for misspelled words. |
14,959 | Please write an abstract with title: Power Transport Theorem (PTT)-Based Decoupling Mode Theory (DMT) for Wave-Guiding Structures, and key words: Microwave antennas, Wireless communication, Antenna theory, Modal analysis, Energy exchange, Waveguide theory, Microwave communication. Abstract: Power transport theorem (PTT) governing the transport process of the power-flow passing through waveguide is derived. Input power as the source term in PTT is found to be the one for sustaining the steady power transport, and the corresponding input power operator (IPO) is formulated. Travelling-wave condition satisfied by the travelling-wave modes one-directionally propagating along the waveguide is introduced as a counterpart of the famous Sommerfeld’s radiation condition satisfied by the radiative fields distributing in the far zone. Using the travelling-wave condition and some other necessary conditions, the dependent currents in IPO are effectively eliminated. Under the PTT framework, the recently developed decoupling mode theory (DMT) for the wave-port-fed antennas is further generalized to waveguides. The PTT-based DMT (PTT-DMT) focuses on constructing a set of energy-decoupled modes (DMs) for any pre-selected objective waveguide by diagonalizing the IPO with only independent current, and any two different DMs do not have net energy exchange in an integral period. The PTT-DMT is an effective alternative for the classical eigen-mode theory. The alternative realizes an effective unification for the waveguide-oriented modal analysis theory and the antenna-oriented modal analysis theory, such that the theories can be easily integrated into a single theory for the whole waveguide-antenna combined system in the future. |
14,960 | Please write an abstract with title: High Voltage Insulators Condition Analysis using Convolutional Neural Network, and key words: Surface cleaning, Power transmission lines, Surface contamination, High-voltage techniques, Companies, Insulators, Water pollution. Abstract: High voltage insulators are nonconductive materials that are in use to isolate the conductor from the earthed transmission tower. However, they are regularly subjected to operational environmental contamination and detrimental electrical or mechanical stress. Undesirable operational conditions can cause insulations’ failure and ultimately the power transmission line outage. Therefore, monitoring and condition analysis of the insulators are essential tasks for the utility operators as well as transmission companies. With the widespread applications of deep learning techniques in engineering, in this study, we propose Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as the backbone data analysis method and aerial images as the primary dataset. We conducted a model selection through an exhaustive search within a limited hyperparameter space based on our computational resources. We show that the constructed CNN classifier achieved a remarkable accuracy of 83.3% in classifying a clean insulator surface from the one covered with water droplets. |
14,961 | Please write an abstract with title: Underwater Multirobot Cooperative Intervention MAC Protocol, and key words: Delays, Media Access Protocol, Robots, Jitter, Synchronization, Peer-to-peer computing. Abstract: This work introduces a Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol designed to allow a group of underwater robots that share a wireless communication channel to effectively communicate with each other. The goal of the Underwater Multirobot Cooperative Intervention MAC (UMCI-MAC) protocol presented in this work is to minimize the end to end delay and the jitter. The access to the medium in UMCI-MAC follows a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) strategy which is arbitrated by a master, which also has the capability to prioritize the transmission of some nodes over the rest of the network. Two experiments have been carried out with a team of four Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) in order to compare this protocol with Aloha-CS and S-FAMA MAC protocols used in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN). In the first experiment, the communications and the AUVs have been simulated using UWSim-NET. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate all three protocols in terms of delay, jitter, efficiency, collisions and throughput depending on the size of the data packet and the rate of packet delivery in the application layer for each robot. The results of this experiment proved that UMCI-MAC successfully avoids packet collisions and outperforms the other two protocols in terms of delay, jitter and efficiency. The second experiment consisted of a Hardware In The Loop (HIL) teleoperation of a team of four robots. One of the AUVs was a real BlueROV in a water tank, while the remaining AUVs and the communications were simulated with UWSim-NET. It demonstrates the impact of the MAC protocols in underwater acoustic links. Of the three MAC protocols evaluated in this work, UMCI-MAC was the only one which succeeded in the proposed teleoperation experiment. Thus demonstrating its suitability as a communications protocol in underwater cooperative robotics. |
14,962 | Please write an abstract with title: EstelAR: an Augmented Reality Astronomy learning tool for STEM students, and key words: Computer science, Computer architecture, Extraterrestrial measurements, Astronomy, Augmented reality, STEM. Abstract: In this paper, we present EstelAR, a markless Augmented Reality learning tool focused on understanding introductory Astronomy topics at an undergraduate level. We make use of markless technology to create an autonomous learning app for STEM students. We describe the development process. To measure EstelAR's achievement, we conducted a pre/post- test experiment with a group of 34 STEM students, divided into two classes (experimental and control). The result indicates that EstelAR had a similar performance compared to the traditional in-person method to learn stellar Astronomy subjects. A lack of retention in the short-term (7 days) was detected for both groups. We comment on the result and describe the limitations in the conclusions. |
14,963 | Please write an abstract with title: Fast and Accurate Retrieval of Methane Concentration From Imaging Spectrometer Data Using Sparsity Prior, and key words: Methane, Imaging, Absorption, Optimization, Real-time systems, Instruments, Sensors. Abstract: The strong radiative forcing by atmospheric methane has stimulated interest in identifying natural and anthropogenic sources of this potent greenhouse gas. Point sources are important targets for quantification, and anthropogenic targets have the potential for emissions reduction. Methane point-source plume detection and concentration retrieval have been previously demonstrated using data from the Airborne Visible InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG). Current quantitative methods have tradeoffs between computational requirements and retrieval accuracy, creating obstacles for processing real-time data or large data sets from flight campaigns. We present a new computationally efficient algorithm that applies sparsity and an albedo correction to matched the filter retrieval of trace gas concentration path length. The new algorithm was tested using the AVIRIS-NG data acquired over several point-source plumes in Ahmedabad, India. The algorithm was validated using the simulated AVIRIS-NG data, including synthetic plumes of known methane concentration. Sparsity and albedo correction together reduced the root-mean-squared error of retrieved methane concentration-path length enhancement by 60.7% compared with a previous robust matched filter method. Background noise was reduced by a factor of 2.64. The new algorithm was able to process the entire 300 flight line 2016 AVIRIS-NG India campaign in just over 8 h on a desktop computer with GPU acceleration. |
14,964 | Please write an abstract with title: A Portable Power-efficient PM2.5 Sensor System, and key words: Sensor systems, Microprogramming, Hardware, Monitoring, Lightning, Sensors, Calibration. Abstract: Since the atmosphere has been highly polluted over the recent years, more and more people start to take this subject seriously. The toxic substances adhering to the particulate particles can enter the human bodies as they breathe, and thus cause the body health damage, especially for the particulate particles with a diameter less than 2.5um (PM2.5). Many gas sensor systems are therefore proposed to monitor air quality recently. Although these existing PM2.5 sensor systems can be deployed and acquire PM data correctly, they lack of the portability due to usages of the external power supply or an external battery. Currently, there are no PM2.5 sensor systems that can support the interfaces of micro-USB and Apple lightning with mobile phone since the PM2.5 sensor system usually consumes more power than that the mobile phone can provide. In this paper, we propose a PM2.5 sensor system named PaS-PM2.5 that can support the micro-USB and lightning interfaces for the mobile phone. The PaS-PM2.5 adopts the energy storage hardware mechanism and a low power firmware technique to enable the use of mobile phone power, while a sensor calibration method can acquire the accurate PM2.5 concentration. With the low power support of hardware and firmware mechanism, the sensor system can achieve 32% reduction of power consumption and thus meet the limitation of the mobile phone power supply. Furthermore, the PM2.5 mass concentration of our proposed low power sensor system has 98.04% of R-squared (R2) as compared to the sensor system without the low power mechanism. |
14,965 | Please write an abstract with title: Specific Ground Truth Data Analysis of Lightning Discharges in Austria, and key words: Antenna measurements, Data analysis, Correlation, Atmospheric measurements, Lightning protection, Fault location, Cameras. Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of specific parameters of lightning discharges in the field of lightning research and observation in the Austrian Alps run by Graz University of Technology in correlation with detections from the Austrian Lightning Location System (LLS). Atmospheric discharges are observed at 21 different measurement locations in Austria by using a video and field recording system. This system consists of a high speed video camera (2000 frames per second) and a flat plate antenna to record the electric field. The recorded data can be used to better understand the atmospheric discharges, especially in the alpine area. The ground truth data set of the measurement periods 2015, 2017 and 2018 have been correlated with LLS data to complete the data set. For this analysis the multiplicity of VFRS and LLS data have been compared. In addition, analyses regarding ground strike points (GSP) per flash and distances between GSPs of flashes have been carried out. The mean multiplicity of the analyzed ground truth data exhibited a lower value compared to multiplicities from other countries available in the literature, but similar ones determined by former studies from Austria. Data of GSP per flashes showed similar values like studies from Brazil and a first data set from Arizona but higher values compared to analyses of data from France and a second data set from Arizona. Calculations of distances between the first GSP of a flash to the other GSPs of the same flash showed a median of 1.4 km, an arithmetic mean of 1.6 km and a geometric mean of 1.2 km. The maximum determined distance between two GSPs was 6.9 km. |
14,966 | Please write an abstract with title: The Influence of Website-Based and Company-Based Quality toward Loyalty with Perceived Website Trust as Antecedents, and key words: Companies, Reliability, Media, Software, User-generated content, Economics. Abstract: Traveloka is a platform that is leading among Southeast Asia online travel company that provides a wide range of travel needs. A rapid change of digital business transformation has brought Traveloka to become the first startup company that has gained the status as unicorn among the other four tech startups and also categorized as the only online travel services in the startups' unicorn. Unicorn is a startup company that has a valuation of over 1 billion US Dollars. Since the exposure of startups' unicorn is relatively new in Indonesia, thus there is a need to investigate the market's preference of using Traveloka's website by predicting the customer's loyalty. Moreover, to continue using such startups by conducting research related to the consumergenerated media and measuring the customer's loyalty in supporting Traveloka to become one of the startups' unicorn. This proposed investigation applies the antecedents and consequences of the trust model, which describes the constructs of information quality, perceived website quality, and user satisfaction with previous experiences toward loyalty with the dimensions of referral, repurchase intention, and reject others through perceived website trust as an intervening variable. The data were collected from 445 valid respondents with a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data analysis conducted using the SmartPLS 3.2.9 software and the results show that the factors that have a significant positive influence on customer loyalty of using Traveloka's Website through Perceived Website Trust from the highest to the lowest mainly are User Satisfaction with previous experiences, Information Quality, and Perceived Website Quality. These antecedents and consequences of the trust model can be used to utilize further studies with the extensions of unexplored factors. |
14,967 | Please write an abstract with title: Rethinking the Ranks of Visual Channels, and key words: Task analysis, Visualization, Bars, Data visualization, Memory management, Measurement uncertainty, Correlation. Abstract: Data can be visually represented using visual channels like position, length or luminance. An existing ranking of these visual channels is based on how accurately participants could report the ratio between two depicted values. There is an assumption that this ranking should hold for different tasks and for different numbers of marks. However, there is surprisingly little existing work that tests this assumption, especially given that visually computing ratios is relatively unimportant in real-world visualizations, compared to seeing, remembering, and comparing trends and motifs, across displays that almost universally depict more than two values. To simulate the information extracted from a glance at a visualization, we instead asked participants to immediately reproduce a set of values from memory after they were shown the visualization. These values could be shown in a bar graph (position (bar)), line graph (position (line)), heat map (luminance), bubble chart (area), misaligned bar graph (length), or ‘wind map’ (angle). With a Bayesian multilevel modeling approach, we show how the rank positions of visual channels shift across different numbers of marks (2, 4 or 8) and for bias, precision, and error measures. The ranking did not hold, even for reproductions of only 2 marks, and the new probabilistic ranking was highly inconsistent for reproductions of different numbers of marks. Other factors besides channel choice had an order of magnitude more influence on performance, such as the number of values in the series (e.g., more marks led to larger errors), or the value of each mark (e.g., small values were systematically overestimated). Every visual channel was worse for displays with 8 marks than 4, consistent with established limits on visual memory. These results point to the need for a body of empirical studies that move beyond two-value ratio judgments as a baseline for reliably ranking the quality of a visual channel, including testing new tasks (detection of trends or motifs), timescales (immediate computation, or later comparison), and the number of values (from a handful, to thousands). |
14,968 | Please write an abstract with title: An Integrated High-performance Computing and Digital Real-time Simulation Testbed to Benchmark Closed-loop Load Shedding Algorithms in Power Systems, and key words: Computational modeling, Power system protection, Clustering algorithms, Load shedding, Benchmark testing, Prediction algorithms, Real-time systems. Abstract: An integrated testbed using digital real-time simulator (DRTS) and a high-performance computing (HPC) cluster is presented here to compare speed and performance of computational schemes to mitigate time-critical issues in electric power systems. The first approach in this testbed validation is taken by running a set of closed-loop load shedding algorithms to compare and contrast two paradigms of arresting cascading failure propagation. Two algorithms involve solving DC and AC power flow model-based optimization problems to compute load shedding at different buses, while a model-based stochastic search using parallel computing provides a viable alternative. The algorithms are implemented in the DRTS-HPC testbed for the IEEE 14-bus benchmark transmission system. As a proof of the concept, simulation results are presented for implementation of closed-loop load-shedding algorithms for cascading failures in the DRTS-HPC testbed. |
14,969 | Please write an abstract with title: A Fluorescence Lidar Simulator for the Design of Advanced Water Quality Assessment Methodologies, and key words: Fluorescence, Laser radar, Water quality, Remote sensing, Monitoring, Absorption, Detectors. Abstract: Water quality assessment plays an important role in sustainable development of natural resources. Fluorescence LIDAR is among the preferred remote sensors used in water quality monitoring. This work presents an underwater fluorescence LIDAR simulator for water quality assessment developed to design, test, and validate methodologies for the retrieval of key biophysical parameters or to discriminate dissolved substances and pollutants. Experimental results illustrating the usefulness of the simulator are provided focusing, as a case-study, on a key water quality indicator playing a major role in the global carbon balance, namely the Chromophoric/colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM). |
14,970 | Please write an abstract with title: A Transfer Learning-Based Deep CNN Approach for Classification and Diagnosis of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells, and key words: Training, Deep learning, Pediatrics, Computational modeling, Microscopy, Manuals, Inspection. Abstract: Leukemia is a severe malignant illness affecting both adults and children. It can be chronic or acute. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent type of blood disease and one of the leading causes of death. This type of cancer invades the blood and spread through neighboring organs and body systems. To classify cancer cells and non-cancer cells, specialists need to perform manual diagnosis through inspection of cell images under a microscope and provide labels through annotation. However, this manual microscopic analysis is tedious and may lead to a false diagnosis. With this concern, the author proposed a computer-aided diagnosis method using a transfer learning-based deep learning approach. In this study, the YOLOv3 model is utilized to train a deep learning model that will classify ALL and normal cells. The model produced promising results as it has a training loss of 2.8% or a 97.2% training accuracy. Based on the model evaluation, the model has an mAP value of 99.8% as well. YOLOv3 was shown to be a useful tool for distinguishing leukemia cells from non-leukemia cells. |
14,971 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Design of Terahertz Filter with Transmission Zeros, and key words: Band-pass filters, Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Waveguide theory, Chebyshev approximation, Filtering theory, Scattering parameters. Abstract: To solve the problem of suppressing the local oscillator frequencies close to the terahertz systems' operating frequencies. In this paper, based on the scattering parameter method and multi-mode theory, combined with modeling technology of 3D electromagnetic software, we used rectangular waveguides to design and fabricate a 7-order Chebyshev bandpass filter with a transmission zero. The filter's passband is 194 GHz to 214 GHz, and the transmission zero is located at 216.5 GHz. Moreover, the filter's rejection of 216.1 GHz to 220 GHz is greater than 20 dB, and the rejection of 220 GHz to 240 GHz is greater than 25 dB, which shows that the filter has excellent performance near the passband and in the stopband. |
14,972 | Please write an abstract with title: Automatización en la medición de impedancias, and key words: Capacitors, Software, Instruments, Manuals, Reactive power, Media. Abstract: Este trabajo muestra los avances en la digitali- zación y automatización de las mediciones en el Laboratorio de Capacidad e Inductancia del INTI. El nuevo sistema de medición presentado permite extender el tipo de mediciones realizadas, como por ejemplo la determinación de coeficientes de temperatura o el estudio de la respuesta a distintas frecuencias de los patrones del laboratorio. |
14,973 | Please write an abstract with title: CaT: Weakly Supervised Object Detection with Category Transfer, and key words: Convolutional codes, Bridges, Computer vision, Semantics, Object detection, Detectors, Knowledge transfer. Abstract: A large gap exists between fully-supervised object detection and weakly-supervised object detection. To narrow this gap, some methods consider knowledge transfer from additional fully-supervised dataset. But these methods do not fully exploit discriminative category information in the fully-supervised dataset, thus causing low mAP. To solve this issue, we propose a novel category transfer framework for weakly supervised object detection. The intuition is to fully leverage both visually-discriminative and semantically-correlated category information in the fully-supervised dataset to enhance the object-classification ability of a weakly-supervised detector. To handle overlapping category transfer, we propose a double-supervision mean teacher to gather common category information and bridge the domain gap between two datasets. To handle non-overlapping category transfer, we propose a semantic graph convolutional network to promote the aggregation of semantic features between correlated categories. Experiments are conducted with Pascal VOC 2007 as the target weakly-supervised dataset and COCO as the source fully-supervised dataset. Our category transfer framework achieves 63.5% mAP and 80.3% CorLoc with 5 overlapping categories between two datasets, which outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Codes are avaliable at https://github.com/MediaBrain-SJTU/CaT. |
14,974 | Please write an abstract with title: Schedulability of Strictly Periodic Tasks with Communication Dependence, and key words: Task analysis, Program processors, Delays, Real-time systems, Time factors, Processor scheduling, Economic indicators. Abstract: Non-preemptive tasks with strict periods are usually adopted in practical multi-core real-time systems when continual sampling and processing of data are required. Systems designers need to provide a proper scheduling strategy such that the tasks deadlines will be met even under the worst-case conditions. In this paper, we study the scheduling problem of non-preemptive tasks with strict periods in multi-core real-time systems. First, we analyze the characteristics of the multi-core real-time system, build a task model with strict periodic constraints, analyze the requirements of space resources, time resources and communication delay when the system can be scheduled, and propose a solution to determine the task schedulability based on mixed integer linear programming. The practical results show that the proposed solution can not only be used to determine the schedulability of multi-core real-time system, but also to obtain the minimum number of processors needed by the system, which can guide the design of the system. |
14,975 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards the smart use of embedding and instance features for property matching, and key words: Training, Art, Conferences, Semantics, Data integration, Machine learning, Data engineering. Abstract: Data integration tasks such as the creation and extension of knowledge graphs involve the fusion of heterogeneous entities from many sources. Matching and fusion of such entities require to also match and combine their properties (attributes) . However, previous schema matching approaches mostly focus on two sources only and often rely on simple similarity measurements. They thus face problems in challenging use cases such as the integration of heterogeneous product entities from many sources. We therefore present a new machine learning-based property matching approach called LEAPME (LEArning-based Property Matching with Embeddings) that utilizes numerous features of both property names and instance values. The approach heavily makes use of word embeddings to better utilize the domain-specific semantics of both property names and instance values. The use of supervised machine learning helps exploit the predictive power of word embeddings.Our comparative evaluation against five baselines for several multi-source datasets with real-world data shows the high effectiveness of LEAPME. |
14,976 | Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive Multi-Agent System and Mixed Integer Linear Programming Optimization Comparison for Grid Stability and Commitment Mismatch in Smart Grids, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Europe, Voltage, Distribution networks, Power system stability, Electric vehicles, Smart grids. Abstract: Existing electrical networks are going through a transition and distributed energy resource, if not managed properly, can hinder this transition. Uncontrolled introduction of photovoltaics and electric vehicles in distribution networks would lead to substantial issues such as commitment mismatches, line congestions, voltage deviations, etc. This paper presents the use of a classical approach, mixed integer linear programming optimization, and a novel approach, adaptive multi-agent system, to solve the highlighted distribution side challenges by utilizing electric vehicles' storage capacity. This comparison serves as a great tool to benchmark the performance of the under-development adaptive multi-agent system methodology. |
14,977 | Please write an abstract with title: Demagnetization Risk Assessment in a Dual Stator Permanent Magnet Vernier Machines, and key words: Torque, Windings, Rotors, Stator windings, Thermal conductivity, Permanent magnets, Topology. Abstract: As the topologies of permanent magnet vernier machines (PMVM) is getting more complex such as dual rotor and its variants. The thermal, mechanical, and especially demagnetization concern increasing. In this paper, the demagnetization risk evaluation of three similar topologies of dual stator radial type PMVM is presented. Three recently published topologies: dual winding with rotor-yoke, dual winding without rotor-yoke, and single winding without yoke are selected. This design highly improved the torque density and reduced the overall volume. However, the permanent magnets (PMs) in these topologies are at huge risk of irreversible demagnetization. Furthermore, the overall performance of PM-type machines is incomprehensible without a detailed demagnetization analysis. Therefore, a comprehensive mechanical, thermal, and demagnetization analysis considering various operating points and temperatures is conducted to evaluate the risk of demagnetization in these topologies. Finally, some modification are made to optimize of these designs. All analyses are carried out using finite element analysis and co-simulation in ANSYS maxwell and mechanical. |
14,978 | Please write an abstract with title: Efficient adaptive error concealment technique for video decoding system, and key words: Decoding, Interpolation, Video compression, Motion compensation, Layout, Prediction methods, Change detection algorithms, Motion detection, Transform coding, Multimedia communication. Abstract: This paper presents a novel error concealment method for video decoding system. The proposed algorithm adaptively combines the spatial interpolation and the temporal prediction technique based on block variance and interframe correlation, to recover the lost data. The adaptive function depends on the scene change detection, motion distance and spatial information from the nearby blocks of the previous and current frames to determine the weighting of the spatial interpolation and the temporal compensation. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed technique can achieve well subjective and quantitative results, and outperforms all the others against which are compared. Even if the scene changes in the videos, this algorithm also can efficiently recover the damaged blocks for Intra(I), Predictive(P), and Bidirectional (B) frames. |
14,979 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of Chatbot-Based Image Classification on Social Commerce LINE@ Platform, and key words: Computer science, Social networking (online), Chatbot, Convolutional neural networks, Image classification, Business. Abstract: The rapid development of internet has influenced people's lifestyle to become more digital. Social commerce is one of the e-commerce categories where sellers offer their products through social media. LINE Messenger provides a place where sellers and buyers can communicate to carry out transaction processes. This paper discusses about the research on a chatbot that is useful for handling picture messages by providing product information replies. The chatbot was built using the Convolutional Neural Network method for the image classification process. The tests conducted found the chatbot to be able to reply to buyer messages with an accuracy level of 0.68. |
14,980 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards Internet of Things (IoT) Forensics Analysis on Intelligent Robot Vacuum Systems, and key words: Vacuum systems, Digital forensics, Layout, Control systems, Mobile applications, Internet of Things, History. Abstract: With the rapid advancement of information tech-nology, the Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly impacted people's daily life. IoT devices not only bring comfort and convenience to every aspect of the world, but also appear to be a new target of cybercrimes. Thus, IoT forensics becomes a critical step in forensics investigation. Intelligent robot vacuums are one of the most popular IoT devices. As robot vacuums can connect to the Internet and be operated through mobile apps, a large amount of data may be stored and transmitted among the vacuums, mobile apps, and the network. The data may include the history of the robot's operation, network and user credentials, and layouts of the floor plan of a house. From the perspective of digital forensics, these data can be critical while collecting necessary evidence, investigating suspects and victims, and reconstructing crime scenes. To this end, this paper makes an initial attempt to conduct a digital forensic analysis on intelligent robot vacuum systems. Specifically, this paper retrieves and analyzes a robot vacuum's operation log, the installation details of the robot vacuum's control system, and the usage record of the application from the memory of a smartphone. |
14,981 | Please write an abstract with title: Extending Context Awareness by Anticipating Uncertainty with Enki and Darjeeling, and key words: Context-aware services, Uncertainty, Synthetic aperture sonar, Fuels, Monitoring, Security, Tools. Abstract: A self-adaptive system (SAS) requires automated planning that alters its behavior to properly operate in dynamic environments. To select a successful adaptation, the SAS must be context aware, which includes knowledge about a system's internal and environmental conditions, strategies to monitor conditions, and the capability to reason over an adaptation's relevance to its current conditions. Operational and environmental conditions are subject to foreseeable sources of uncertainty. Processes should be embedded in the SAS that generate data across a diverse set of conditions to investigate such sources and anticipate their conditions. Enki is a technology that applies a genetic algorithm to generate scenarios with diverse conditions. These scenarios should be further investigated to configure adaptations that address unexpected system behavior and failures. Darjeeling, an automated program repair tool can accept generated scenarios as input and apply genetic programming to generate patches from failed tests. Our prior work created a framework to evaluate patches by assessing their risk of requirements violation and their degree of security compliance confidence. In this paper, we incorporate these third-party tools, Enki and Darjeeling, into our framework that employs a MAPE-K loop of a previous assessed example system to extend its context awareness and increases automated capabilities. |
14,982 | Please write an abstract with title: Zero-Shot Turkish Text Classification, and key words: Bit error rate, Social networking (online), Blogs, Adaptation models, Training, Signal processing, Robots. Abstract: The method frequently used for text classification is supervised modeling with a large training set with labels. In some cases, we may not have labeled data. Modeling in the absence of labeled data for target classes is called zero-shot modeling. For zero-shot text classification natural language inference is utilized which is another branch of natural language processing. In order to measure the effectiveness of zero-shot classification, a reference is generated with BERT method which contrarily uses labeled data. Two Turkish data sets are employed. TTC-3600 dataset is composed of 6 news categories. In this study we have generated a new Twitter sentiment dataset TTD, which is composed of weakly labeled Twitter messages in 2 classes as positive and negative depending on contained emoticons. The results show that without using any labeled data we can obtain classification accuracies of %65.5 and %91 for TTC-3600 and TTD respectively. |
14,983 | Please write an abstract with title: A historical note [Nils Gustaf Dalen], and key words: History, Linear systems, Control systems. Abstract: A fact of some historical interest to automatic control engineers, but one which is Swedish engineer Nils Gustaf Dalen was apparently not widely known, is that the awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1912 for the invention of an automatic control system. Dahlen's invention was an acetylene gas accumulator and a regulating valve which together formed a system for automatically lighting signal beacons and buoys. Dalen's system greatly reduced the cost of maintaining remote, unmanned lighthouses, and at thsea me time improved their lighting efficiency, thereby providing a significant improvement in the safety of maritime navigation. Further details of Dalen's engineering career and his inventions may be found in the book .Vobel Prize Winners in Physics 1901-1950, by Heathcote (New York: Schuman, 1953). |
14,984 | Please write an abstract with title: Classifying Breast Cancer Cell Lines of Different Metastasis Potentials using Visible Resonance Raman Spectroscopy and Machine Learning, and key words: Support vector machines, Deep learning, Machine learning algorithms, Raman scattering, Neural networks, Breast cancer, Metastasis. Abstract: We classified breast cancer cell lines of different metastatic potentials using visible resonance Raman spectroscopy, principal component analysis, and support vector machines. Cross validated classification accuracies of over 78% were achieved. |
14,985 | Please write an abstract with title: MILP model for annual power and energy balance of hydro-thermal-wind power system considering RPS mechanism, and key words: RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARD (RPS), HYDROPOWER MONTHLY COORDINATION, HYDRO-THERMAL-WIND POWER SYSTEM, POWER AND ENERGY BALANCE, RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION. Abstract: As more mandatory policies including Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard (RPS) in China have been introduced to promote renewable generations, traditional power balancing models may become no longer applicable to economically satisfy such ambitious goals. From the perspective of Chinese provincial power grid companies, proper scheduling could increase the penetration of renewable energy sources so as to meeting the urgent RPS requirements. In order to economically schedule annual power generations with consideration of RPS requirements and safety constraints, this paper proposes an annual power and energy balancing model of hydro-thermal-wind power system. The model aims to minimize the cost of power generation under the implementation of the RPS mechanism in China. Regional power grid's power balance constraints, the RPS constraints, hydropower monthly coordination as well as safety constraints including the operational characteristic constraints of hydropower, thermal power and wind power generator units have been considered. The model is formulated as mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem, which is solved by CPLEX. Based on the data of a certain provincial power grid, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the model. |
14,986 | Please write an abstract with title: An Efficient Noninvasive Neuromodulation Modality for Overactive Bladder Using Time Interfering Current Method, and key words: Electrodes, Voltage measurement, Bladder, Phantoms, Solid modeling, Conductivity, Physiology. Abstract: Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate a new tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) modality, which uses interferential currents, in terms of the stimulation electric field penetration efficiency into the body and physiological effectiveness. Methods: In silico experiments were performed to analyze the penetration efficiency of proposed interferential current therapy (ICT). Based on this, we performed in vivo experiments to measure excitation threshold of ICT for the tibial nerve, which is related to stimulation field near the nerve. Regarding analysis of the physiological effectiveness, in vivo ICT-TNS was performed, and changes in bladder contraction frequency and voiding volume were measured. The penetration efficiency and physiological effectiveness of ICT were evaluated by comparison with those of conventional TNS using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Results: Simulation results showed that ICT has high penetration efficiency, thereby generating stronger field than TENS. These results are consistent with the in vivo results that nerve excitation threshold of ICT is lower than that of TENS. Moreover, ICT-TNS decreased contraction frequency and increased voiding volume, and its performance was profound compared with that of TENS-TNS. Conclusion: The proposed ICT is more efficient in inducing the stimulation field near the tibial nerve placed deep inside the body compared with conventional TENS and shows a good clinical effectiveness for TNS. Significance: The high efficiency of ICT increases the safety of noninvasive neurostimulation; therefore, it has clinical potential to become a promising modality for TNS to treat OAB and other peripheral neurostimulations. |
14,987 | Please write an abstract with title: Distributed call admission control for ad hoc networks, and key words: Call admission control, Ad hoc networks, Wireless LAN, Distributed control, Communication system traffic control, Delay, Telecommunication traffic, Fluctuations, Mobile ad hoc networks, Wireless communication. Abstract: This paper introduces a distributed call admission controller for ad hod networks. The call admission controller is based on service curve provisioning. Service curve reflects the status of network and depends on the number of active nodes, their activity index, and the back-off procedure used for contention resolution. The service curve along with the aggregated traffic function can be used to calculate maximum delay and maximum backlog. We assume that the call requests are granted if the service curve is bounded below by some non-decreasing deterministic function which is called the universal service curve. The universal service curve is independent of the number of nodes and traffic fluctuation and acts as a worst-case reference curve. All users willing to establish a new connection should compare the performance of network to the universal service curve. A call request is accepted if the true service curve stays above the universal service curve. |
14,988 | Please write an abstract with title: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection with an Enhanced Teacher for Student-Teacher Feature Pyramid Matching, and key words: Measurement, Computational modeling, Computer architecture, Feature extraction, Anomaly detection, Unsupervised learning. Abstract: Anomaly detection or outlier is one of the challenging subjects in unsupervised learning. This paper is introduced a student-teacher framework for anomaly detection that its teacher network is enhanced for achieving high-performance metrics. For this purpose, we first pretrain the ResNet-18 network on the ImageNet and then finetune it on the MVTech-AD dataset. Experiment results on the image-level and pixel-level demonstrate that this idea has achieved better metrics than the previous methods. Our model, Enhanced Teacher for Student-Teacher Feature Pyramid (ET-STPM), achieved 0.971 mean accuracy on the image-level and 0.977 mean accuracy on the pixel-level for anomaly detection. |
14,989 | Please write an abstract with title: Students' section, and key words: Rail transportation, IEEE Student Members, Telephone sets, Coils, Wireless communication, Surface treatment, Steel. Abstract: The Annual Meeting of this Section took place on the 23rd February, 1922, in the Scientific and Tehnical Club. Mr, Drewett as in the chair. The Hon. Secretary, Mr. Wm. Tredre, read his report on the Affairs of the Section in 1921 (hereunder). Mr. Drewett then gave his valedictory address as Chairman of the Section; copies of which will be circulated amongst the Students in due course. |
14,990 | Please write an abstract with title: Combining outcrop data derived from remote sensing data with 3-D geological model to characterize the complex structures in Kuqa area, northwest of China, and key words: Remote sensing, Geology, Geologic measurements, Level measurement, Time measurement, Image resolution, Optical sensors, Satellites, Corona, Area measurement. Abstract: Detailed outcrop data of the bed attitudes combining with the fault-related folding theory can help interpret the seismic profiles precisely according to the algorithm of the geodesic line. This paper propose a new means to acquire the structure strike and dip data from the remote sensing data, by which constrain geological structures in three dimensions using the fault related fold models. Here, the new numerical method is introduced for the first time to measure the strike and dip of bedding using the declassified high resolution images acquired by the optical satellite Corona. The attitude data derived from the remote sensing datasets are consistent with the direct measurements in the field survey in Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin of Tarim Basin, northwest of China, and also can be used to help interpret the seismic profiles and constrain the complex structure in the foreland basin area. Therefore, the method presented will contribute a lot to the interpretation of the seismic profiles for petroleum exploration and will play an important role in the geological exploration and prospecting, especially in the area at the initial stage of the geological reconnaissance with great advantages of low expenses and rapidity. |
14,991 | Please write an abstract with title: Voltage Balancing Capability of Grid-Forming Inverters, and key words: Inverters, Voltage control, Transformers, Microgrids, Grounding, Load modeling, Current limiters. Abstract: The objective of this paper is to analyze and identify the range of voltage balancing capability of grid-forming inverters serving three-phase unbalanced loads. These inverters are designed to compensate for voltage imbalance by controlling the negative-sequence components of voltage and current. However, the magnitude of the negative-sequence current an inverter can supply is limited by its relatively low rated current. Moreover, it becomes more challenging to estimate the amount of current needed for an unbalanced load when the inverter is interfaced using a delta-wye grounded interconnection transformer. Therefore, we investigate the range of negative-sequence current the inverter can supply and derive formulas to determine the minimum inverter’s capacity required to compensate for voltage imbalance while supplying unbalanced loads connected through a delta-wye grounded transformer. The proposed formulas can be used to estimate the capacity of an inverter in lieu of detailed analyses and electromagnetic transient simulations. The proposed equation is implemented in small and large scale microgrid systems and validated using a detailed model developed in PSCAD/EMTDC. |
14,992 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of deep waveguide gratings: an efficient cascading and doubling algorithm in the method of lines framework, and key words: Algorithm design and analysis, Gratings, Optical waveguides, Transmission line matrix methods, Optical waveguide theory, Semiconductor waveguides, Optical filters, Optical scattering, Waveguide discontinuities, Transmission line discontinuities. Abstract: In this work, a computationally fast, numerically stable, and memory-efficient cascading and doubling algorithm is proposed within the method of lines framework to model long planar waveguide gratings having thousands of periods in the propagation direction. This algorithm can model 2/sup n/ grating periods in n calculational steps and needs N/sup 2/ matrices for N sample points in the problem space. It can model periodic, quasi-periodic, symmetric, and asymmetric gratings efficiently. Different deep waveguide gratings are modeled using this scheme and results for the fundamental TE mode spectral reflectivity are compared with published results showing excellent agreement. |
14,993 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of Information Retrieval Method and Haversine Formula to Determine Clinic Recommendation in Jember, and key words: COVID-19, Information retrieval, Information and communication technology, Coronaviruses. Abstract: Clinic is a facility where people seek treatment and obtain medical advice and a place where medical students observe cases of illness suffered by patients. Currently, the presence of the Corona Virus (COVID-19) has made many clinics accommodate patients who have been exposed to the virus. From these cases, recommendations for determining the clinic are needed because the conditions are very emergency and positive cases are increasing every day. In this paper, information retrieval methods are added, namely the TF-IDF and BM25 methods to determine clinical recommendations in Jember based on keyword from users and sorted by similarity from the largest to the smallest. Meanwhile, the Haversine Formula method is used to select a clinic with a distance. |
14,994 | Please write an abstract with title: “Discount” - the renewable energy production impact on electricity price, and key words: Production, Wind energy, Renewable energy sources, Power generation, Hydrocarbons, Wind power generation, Europe. Abstract: In coming years the amount of renewable energy production compared to the production from conventional power plants will increase. The electricity produced from wind energy is considered to be the one with the lowest levelized cost of energy and could be a dominant electricity source in the future. The dismantling of conventional power plants and increase in variable renewable energy production will have effect on the average electricity price on the Nord Pool market to the consumers, but even more to the wind electricity producers. Three scenarios of wind energy installed capacity from years 2025 to 2045 were analyzed with Balmorel program in Estonia and nearby countries. As a results two simplified models to determine the average electricity price and the discount effect in relation to installed wind energy capacity was introduced. |
14,995 | Please write an abstract with title: Characterization and reliability analysis of statistical distribution of A Class of Stochastic Signal Systems, and key words: Mechatronics, Sociology, Process control, Stochastic processes, Statistical distributions, Optimal control, Big Data. Abstract: In recent years, big data statistical survival analysis has become the most challenging and hot topic for biologists and statisticians. On the basis of extending the research of information flow in general information space to the study of stochastic dynamic information flow in generalized information measurement space with higher value and more information, this paper discusses the stochastic statistical inference of survival analysis of human and biological populations in a class of random effect models, and explores and excavates a series of valuable large-scale processes in this kind of generalized process Based on the statistical information of data, the optimal statistical inference mathematical model of random signals of this kind of generalized process is obtained, which provides a very effective mathematical processing method and method for statistical inference and analysis of big data for further study of such processes, such as optimal control and reliability analysis in the research of brain aging. |
14,996 | Please write an abstract with title: FOCM: Faster Octave Convolution Using Mix-scaling, and key words: Training, Costs, Convolution, Computational modeling, Redundancy, Transfer learning, Computer architecture. Abstract: Octave convolution that separates the feature maps for different resolutions is an effective method to reduce the spatial redundancy in Convolution Neural Networks (CNN). In this paper, we propose a faster version of octave convolution, FOCM, which can further reduce the computation cost of CNNs. Similar to the octave convolution, FOCM divides the input and output feature maps into the domains of different resolutions, but without explicit information exchange among them. In addition, FOCM utilizes the mix-scaled convolution kernels to learn different sized spatial features. Experiments on various depth ResNet with ImageNet data-set have shown that FOCM can reduce 33.9% to 46.4% operations of the original models, and save 11.1% to 21.7% FLOPS of the models using octave convolutions, with similar top-1 and top-5 accuracy. |
14,997 | Please write an abstract with title: A non emotional behaviour model, and key words: Biological system modeling, Societies, Cities and towns, Pollution, History, Aggregates, Humans, Character generation, Analytical models, Companies. Abstract: The individuals in the society form a non-imitable complex co-operation network, behave unpredictably. Fate raises or abandons nations in the course of history. Looking in the details, many behaviour patterns can be identified, global fate formed by the aggregate of the individual stories. By the non emotional behaviour model based on a simple entity model quite complex happenings can be simulated similarly to the reality. A model without emotions produces similar behaviour like individuals in the emotion interweaved reality. |
14,998 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic average consensus algorithm for networked euler-lagrange systems with continuous-time distributed event-triggered control, and key words: Network topology, Heuristic algorithms, Consensus algorithm, Topology, Time-varying systems. Abstract: This paper investigates the dynamic average consensus problem for networked Euler-Lagrange (EL) systems with undirected communication graph topology. Based on the price of communication and the existing condition under discrete-time communication, a novel distributed event-triggered controller is proposed to enable multiple EL agents to track the dynamic average of multiple time-varying reference signals. The feasibility of the proposed controller is further verified to eliminate Zeno behavior. Numerical examples illustrate the results. |
14,999 | Please write an abstract with title: Comprehensive broad-band study of accreting neutron stars with Suzaku: Is there a bi-modality in the X-ray spectrum?, and key words: accretion, accretion discs, pulsars: general, X-rays: binaries. Abstract: We present a broad-band spectral analysis of accreting neutron stars using data from XIS and PIN onboard Suzaku. From spectral fits of these sources with a single continuum model including a power law and high energy cut-off, cyclotron lines (where required), we studied the correlation between various spectral parameters. Among 39 sources we studied, 16 are those where the existence of a cyclotron line is known in literature, and 29 need a cut-off energy. Among these 29 sources, 18 have cut-off energy bunched in a range of 3–10 keV while for 11 sources, it spreads over 12–25 keV. This bi-modal behaviour is not based on the specific nature of the systems being a Be XRB or supergiant HMXB, nor on different beaming patterns characterizing their X-ray emission (as inferred from simultaneous study of their pulse profiles). The broad-band coverage of Suzaku also shows that the cut-off energies saturate for higher values of cyclotron line energies – consistent with previous works in literature – for both the groups and the width of the cyclotron line show a weak correlation with the cyclotron line energy. We also find an anticorrelation with luminosity for both spectral index and folding energy, respectively. Unlike previous works, we did not detect any anticorrelation between X-ray luminosity and EW of K α lines. Finally, we show that the EW and flux of the iron K α line are smaller in SFXTs than classical NS-HMXBs. We discuss these findings in terms of different properties of stellar winds and accretion mechanisms. |
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