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15,700 | Please write an abstract with title: Automatic Database Troubleshooting of Azure SQL Databases, and key words: Databases, Cloud computing, Telemetry, Servers, Data science, Monitoring, Data mining. Abstract: Exponentially growing number of workloads has been transferred from on-premises to the cloud environment during last decade. It incurs a constantly increasing load on the monitoring and troubleshooting capabilities of the platforms that host those applications nowadays. Data mining techniques and use of telemetry data have recently become an unavoidable means for tracking the behavior of cloud services. The research effort elaborated in this paper is focused on exploiting real-world data to build an automatic database troubleshooting system that exploits the combination of the more comprehensive statistical data science models and an expert system to perform the root cause analysis. An extensive evaluation study was conducted during the eight-month period with a plethora of Azure SQL production workloads for a varying number of databases. The obtained results confirmed the viability and cost-effectiveness of such an approach at the scale of the cloud. |
15,701 | Please write an abstract with title: Transmittance Multispectral Imaging for Adulteration Assessment of Coconut Oil, and key words: Analytical models, Multispectral imaging, Oils, Conferences, Food industry, Kernel, Principal component analysis. Abstract: Coconut oil extracted from the kernel of coconut is a commonly used edible oil. This which have many health benefits and nutritional value has been one of the main components in food industry. Adulterating different edible oils with coconut oil has reduced its’ quality causing major health issues. In this paper an algorithm is proposed to identify the adulteration level of coconut oil adulterated using reheated/ reused coconut oil. For this, transmittance multispectral images captured using an inhouse built economical multispectral imaging device is used. A Principal Component Analysis based Bhattacharyya distance model is developed with a 0.9747 coefficient of determination. |
15,702 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of Block Ciphers Characteristics for CBC and OFB Modes of Operation When Input Data are Shifted, and key words: Ciphers, Visualization, Symmetric matrices, Data protection, Mathematical models, Encryption, Complexity theory. Abstract: This article presents a comparative analysis of DES and AES block ciphers in the CBC and OFB modes of operation. To identify some regularities, the authors applied the multiple encryption method to determine the dynamics of changes in ciphertexts in CBC and OFB modes of operation. As a result of the study with different control input data, some regularities were obtained, in CBC symmetric matrices are obtained, in OFB a clear periodicity with respect to a certain number of iterations of data encryption is evident. For a visual presentation of the research results were presented in the form of two-dimensional matrices. |
15,703 | Please write an abstract with title: Reach on Dynamic EME Adaptability in Battlefield Based on System Synergy, and key words: Radio frequency, Adaptation models, Analytical models, Atmospheric modeling, Weapons, Electromagnetic compatibility, Military aircraft. Abstract: With the development of electronic technology and the improvement of electromagnetic spectrum warfare theory, the EME of the future battlefield is becoming more and more complex and changeable. Modern warfare is no longer a single force or single equipment operation, integrated joint operation has gradually become the development trend of modern high-tech war. The EME adaptability of weapons and equipments is directly related to the initiative in the war. Aiming at the urgent requirement to improve the adaptability and combat capability of weapons and equipments in complex EME, by means of electromagnetic simulation, the operational style and operational process of typical avionics are analyzed, the composition and characteristic elements of battlefield EME are studied, the scene model of battlefield dynamic EME are built. With the combat scenario and typical mission profile, communication link and interference link are taken as the evaluation object, and the real-time EME adaptability of weapons and equipments is analyzed by electromagnetic hybrid algorithm. The electromagnetic simulation is extended from platform level to scene level, and the electromagnetic effect of system cooperative operation is incorporated into the EMC design process. This method can not only be used to evaluate the EME adaptability in the operational task process of weapon and equipment, but also provide strong support for the design of RF compatibility and tactical performance of warplane. |
15,704 | Please write an abstract with title: Accelerated Convergence Interleaving Iterative Learning Control and Inverse Dynamics Identification, and key words: Convergence, Finite impulse response filters, Numerical models, Heuristic algorithms, Semiconductor device modeling, Feedforward systems, Computational modeling. Abstract: This work aims to quickly identify an FIR inverse dynamical model for linear time-invariant (LTI) systems. Various applications are enabled using the constructed inverse filter, as illustrated by an inversion-based iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm. With the help of interleaving inversion-based ILC and ILC-based inverse dynamics identification, accelerated convergence is obtained. The proposed method removes the numerical instability issues in the calculation of an inverse model. Hence, it is shown more robust against measurement noises. Both simulation comparison and experimental results demonstrate the efficacy and advantages of the proposed strategy. |
15,705 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of A Subwavelength Focus Lens Based on the Manipulation of Spoof Surface Plasmons, and key words: Terahertz wave imaging, Microwave technology, Microwave integrated circuits, Millimeter wave technology, Metals, Security, Surface plasmons. Abstract: Terahertz imaging is attractive in the nondestructive test, material characterization, security scanning, and medical screening. However, its resolution is limited by the diffraction limit. In this work, a two-dimensional metal pillar array with varying heights is exploited to manipulate the spoof surface plasmons on the metal pillar array. Via adjusting the dimensions of the pillar, the propagation of spoof surface plasmons on the array can be controlled. Based on this principle, a THz lens that can realize subwavelength focusing with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) being 0.166λ is proposed. The lens can be further extended and may be potential in THz subwavelength imaging. |
15,706 | Please write an abstract with title: OculusGraphy: Ocular Examination for Toxicity Evaluation Based on Biomedical Signals, and key words: Toxicology, Drugs, Retina, Visualization, Rabbits, Testing, Electrodes. Abstract: The electrophysiological examination in ophthalmology is a non-invasive procedure based on the recording of electrical activity outside and inside the visual analyzer. Electrophysiological (EP) examination in ophthalmology is an indispensable method for an objective assessment of the functional state of the components of the visual analyzer based on biomedical signals analysis. There are methods such as optical coherence tomography that may objectively evaluate the structural and anatomical integrity of the retina. However, this method indirectly shows the functional activity of the eye. The undoubted advantage of EP is the ability to perform a functional topographic assessment of malfunctions of all visual analyzer systems. EP examination of the vision organ is represented by a variety of methods for recording the electrobiological activity of the cells of the visual analyzer, namely electroretinography, electrooculography, visual evoked potentials, and multifocal electroretinography. It should be noted that each test is aimed at a separate part of the eye functions, therefore, several methods may be used in research works on animal models. The limitation of EP is the complexity and many confounding factors that can affect the final result, ranging from stimulation parameters to the state of the patient himself. The main field of prospective use of EP is the differential diagnosis, preclinical toxicology, and scientific and experimental models in the meantime. |
15,707 | Please write an abstract with title: Supporting intercultural collaboration: an agent coordination workflow model, and key words: Collaborative work, Cultural differences, Process control, Workflow management software, Distributed computing, Computer science, Environmental management, Engineering management, Automatic control, Automation. Abstract: Workflow management has already been worldwide accepted due to its capability to make organizations model and control work processes effectively and efficiently in a distributed environment. Currently, most of the workflow management systems (WfMSs) are lack of a coordination mechanism across different organizations. We first propose an intercultural collaboration workflow process definition and then propose an agent coordination workflow model based on the consideration of cultural factors in intercultural collaboration work process modeling. |
15,708 | Please write an abstract with title: Detect Resource Related Events in a Cloud-Edge Infrastructure using Knowledge Graph Embeddings and Machine Learning, and key words: Cloud computing, Machine learning algorithms, Event detection, Image edge detection, Computational modeling, Simulation, Signal processing algorithms. Abstract: Edge and cloud computing infrastructures consist of multiple resources that may belong to different providers and are utilized in a shared manner by distributed applications for computing and storage purposes. Detecting events that affect the efficient operation of such infrastructures is a challenge and absolutely necessary for providing high quality cloud-edge services. In this work, we model cloud-edge infrastructures using knowledge graphs and use graph embeddings to transform the graphs into vectors. Then, traditional data-driven machine learning algorithms are used in order to detect anomaly events that relate to the infrastructure usage. |
15,709 | Please write an abstract with title: Norm Learning with Reward Models from Instructive and Evaluative Feedback, and key words: Navigation, Education, Robot learning, Task analysis. Abstract: People are increasingly interacting with artificial agents in social settings, and as these agents become more sophisticated, people will have to teach them social norms. Two prominent teaching methods include instructing the learner how to act, and giving evaluative feedback on the learner’s actions. Our empirical findings indicate that people naturally adopt both methods when teaching norms to a simulated robot, and they use the methods selectively as a function of the robot’s perceived expertise and learning progress. In our algorithmic work, we conceptualize a set of context-specific norms as a reward function and integrate learning from the two teaching methods under a single likelihood-based algorithm, which estimates a reward function that induces policies maximally likely to satisfy the teacher’s intended norms. We compare robot learning under various teacher models and demonstrate that a robot responsive to both teaching methods can learn to reach its goal and minimize norm violations in a navigation task for a grid world. We improve the robot’s learning speed and performance by enabling teachers to give feedback at an abstract level (which rooms are acceptable to navigate) rather than at a low level (how to navigate any particular room). |
15,710 | Please write an abstract with title: Imaging of wavefront propagation of rapid velocity components in heart wall at end-systole, and key words: Velocity measurement, Vibration measurement, Ultrasonic variables measurement, Myocardium, Spatial resolution, Frequency, Motion measurement, Echocardiography, Heart beat, Sampling methods. Abstract: In this paper, the measured "rapid motion" includes components with minute amplitude on the order of several tens of micrometers up to several hundred Hertz, which has not been recognized in standard M-mode echocardiography, B-mode echocardiography, nor in conventional tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). By employing multiple 1-D configurations, each of which shows the axial component along the ultrasonic beam with fast acquisition intervals, the 2-D spatial distribution of the rapid velocity components is continuously obtained on the cross-sectional 2-D image. |
15,711 | Please write an abstract with title: Augmented product codes and lattices: Reed-Muller codes and Barnes-Wall lattices, and key words: Lattices, Product codes, Decoding, Binary codes, Random access memory. Abstract: This paper concerns the construction of the so-called augmented product codes and augmented product lattices. These are obtained by augmenting product codes or product lattices from certain classes thus obtaining higher dimensional codes or lattices from the same class, respectively. Certain properties of the augmented product construction are derived, and specific construction examples are given. In particular, it is shown that the Reed-Muller codes, the Golay code, the Barnes-Wall lattices, as well as the Leech lattice all have various augmented product constructions. |
15,712 | Please write an abstract with title: A hybrid image compression scheme using block-based fractal coding and DCT, and key words: Image coding, Fractals, Discrete cosine transforms, Transform coding, Fourier series, Discrete Fourier transforms, Graphics, Wavelet transforms, Vector quantization, Digital images. Abstract: Fractal image compression is a recent technique among lossy image coding methods that provides several improvements over existing Fourier series compression schemes. In this work we propose and investigate a class of hybrid image coders based on fractal coding and DCT based algorithms. These hybrid algorithms outperform pure fractal coders and show better behavior as compared to both pure fractal and DCT-based coders. |
15,713 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on risk analysis of pedestrian and vehicle flow in community scenes based on machine vision, and key words: Visualization, Smart cities, Surveillance, Data visualization, Streaming media, Big Data, Real-time systems. Abstract: Surveillance video is vital to community emergency management and risk control. Existing surveillance video analysis has limitations of low utilization, low sharing rate and low data correlation analysis rate. Based on these shortcomings, this paper reports a framework of community risk identification and warning using machine vision to analyze surveillance video. The prototype is based on the YOLOV4 video analysis network, which extracts and records spatio-temporal coordinate data of key categories of people, vehicles and objects related to community risks. The data are computed to obtain key state information about the direction of flow, speed and range of activity. By analyzing the logical, inclusive and spatio-temporal relationships among objects, the process makes risk judgment in real-time and provides early warning of visualization results. In addition, by accumulating historical data to discover potential dangers, the level of community services are optimized and the construction of smart communities are accelerated. This paper introduces a community risk management and prevention framework based on machine vision, which focuses on networking, sharing and exchanging of video resources as well as multi-dimensional association of video big data. Through real-time surveillance and early warning of risks, analysis and research, the study aims at the visualization, monitorability and early warning of smart community operation. |
15,714 | Please write an abstract with title: High-Order Triplet CRF-Pcanet for Unsupervised Segmentation of SAR Image, and key words: Image segmentation, Radar polarimetry, Feature extraction, Biological system modeling, Training, Data models, Analytical models. Abstract: In this paper, we combine the modeling power of conditional random fields (CRF) model with the representation-learning ability of principal component analysis network (PCANet), and propose a high-order triplet CRF model, named as HOTCRF-PCANet, for unsupervised synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image segmentation. HOTCRF-PCANet introduces an auxiliary field to explicitly regulate label interactions of complex SAR image. In the label and auxiliary fields, HOTCRF-PCANet defines a discrete quadrilateral pairwise Markov fields (DQPMF) model, and thus constructs a high-order DQPMF potential to model the high-order label interactions in an unsupervised way. Additionally, HOTCRF-PCANet uses a product-of-expert (POE) potential to enforce the regions' labeling consistency for pixels within the weak-structured region. Moreover, HOTCRF-PCANet modifies PCANet into an unsupervised mode, i.e. UPCANet, automatically learns rich features of SAR image and constructs an UPCANet-based unary potential to predict the local class probability. The effectiveness of HOTCRF-PCANet is demonstrated by the application to the unsupervised segmentation of simulated and real SAR images. |
15,715 | Please write an abstract with title: Neural Synchronization Stability in the Tinnitus Decompensation, and key words: Stability, Psychology, Resonance, Acoustic noise, Hospitals, Working environment noise, Humans, Pathogens, Physiology, Psychiatry. Abstract: Neural correlates of psychophysiological tinnitus models in humans may be used for their neurophysiological validation as well as for their refinement and improvement to better understand the pathogenesis of the tinnitus decompensation and to develop new therapeutic approaches. In this study, we try to identify neural correlates of cortico-cortical top-down projections based on the Jastreboff tinnitus model combined with the adaptive resonance theory of Grossberg which has not been applied to the problem of tinnitus so far. In particular, the neural synchronization stability. In single sweep sequences of late auditory evoked potentials is evaluated by the wavelet phase coherence in the time-scale domain. The synchronization stability, which is according to the underlying model linked to the focus of attention on the tinnitus signal, discriminated between a group of compensated and decompensated tinnitus patients. It is concluded that top-down processes according to the adaptive resonance theory basically represent the influences of the limbic and autonomic nervous system in the Jastreboff tinnitus model. The neural correlates of these processes are globally reflected in the synchronization stability of late auditory evoked potentials and may be useful as objective tinnitus decompensation measure |
15,716 | Please write an abstract with title: Differentiable Collision Avoidance Using Collision Primitives, and key words: Robot motion, Codes, Shape, Minimization, Planning, Complexity theory, Collision avoidance. Abstract: A central aspect of robotic motion planning is collision avoidance, where a multitude of different approaches are currently in use. Optimization-based motion planning is one method, that often heavily relies on distance computations between robots and obstacles. These computations can easily become a bottleneck, as they do not scale well with the complexity of the robots or the environment. To improve performance, many different methods suggested to use collision primitives, i.e. simple shapes that approximate the more complex rigid bodies, and that are simpler to compute distances to and from. However, each pair of primitives requires its own specialized code, and certain pairs are known to suffer from numerical issues. In this paper, we propose an easy-to-use, unified treatment of a wide variety of primitives. We formulate distance computation as a minimization problem, which we solve iteratively. We show how to take derivatives of this minimization problem, allowing it to be seamlessly integrated into a trajectory optimization method. We demonstrate that the resulting method can be used to plan smooth and collision-free paths based on a variety of single- and multi-robot scenarios with different obstacles. |
15,717 | Please write an abstract with title: Precognition of Content by Interpreting Human Language Into Computer Automated Data Processing, and key words: Computers, Social networking (online), Scalability, Signal processing algorithms, Signal processing, Predictive models, Prediction algorithms. Abstract: Text has become a major part of our life. We use text as way to communicate and express ourselves in this sophisticated world. Since we are predicting the next probable "word" we will be using text as input data for our algorithm. Predictive typing is basically predicting the most probable word following the given set of words or a particular word. In this contemporary world where mobile devices and computers dominate communication, like emails, social media and even blogs and newsletters, we require a method for speeding up the responding process to keep ourselves with the fast-paced world. Predictive typing is a widely used procedure for faster and eloquent communication but the robustness and scalability along with the speed is always a concern. The main aim of our algorithm is to develop a next word predictor that helps to significantly reduce the number of key-strokes by the user along with accuracy. This predictive typing algorithm’s core is based on the N-grams model. |
15,718 | Please write an abstract with title: Tree Species Classification based on Airborne Lidar and Hyperspectral Data, and key words: Vegetation, Laser radar, Hyperspectral imaging, Forestry, Feature extraction, Three-dimensional displays, Support vector machines. Abstract: Forest resources are of great significance in regulating climate, maintaining biodiversity, and providing ecological products. Accurate identification of tree species is the basis for research and utilization of forest resources. This study combined the characteristics of multi-source data, based on the AISA EAGLE II hyperspectral images and airborne LiDAR point clouds which were obtained in August, 2016. Point cloud characteristics, spectral and texture characteristics were extracted from both datasets. Then SVM was used to classify the main tree species of Genhe experimental area. The results showed that tree species classification accuracy can be improved by using airborne LiDAR and hyperspectral image features. |
15,719 | Please write an abstract with title: Researchers are betting that AI and automation can cut drug discovery from five years to six months: Automating antivirals, and key words: Drugs, Compounds, Viruses (medical), Proteins, Artificial intelligence, Companies, Immune system. Abstract: WITHIN MOMENTS OF MEETING EACH OTHER at a conference last year, Nathan Collins and Yann Gaston-Mathé began devising a plan to work together. Gaston-Mathé runs a startup that applies automated software to the design of new drug candidates. Collins leads a team that uses an automated chemistry platform to synthesize new drug candidates. · “There was an obvious synergy between their technology and ours,” recalls Gaston-Mathé, CEO and cofounder of Paris-based Iktos. · In late 2019, the pair launched a project to create a brand-new antiviral drug that would block a specific protein exploited by influenza viruses. Then the COVID-19 pandemic erupted across the world stage, and Gaston-Mathé and Collins learned that the viral culprit, SARS-CoV-2, relied on a protein that was 97 percent similar to their influenza protein. The partners pivoted. · Their companies are just two of hundreds of biotech firms eager to overhaul the drug-discovery process, often with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI) tools. The first set of antiviral drugs to treat COVID-19 will likely come from sifting through existing drugs. Remdesivir, for example, was originally developed to treat Ebola, and it has been shown to speed the recovery of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. But a drug made for one condition often has side effects and limited potency when applied to another. If researchers can produce an antiviral that specifically targets SARS-CoV-2, the drug would likely be safer and more effective than a repurposed drug. |
15,720 | Please write an abstract with title: Use Cases of Authentication Protocols in the Context of Digital Payment System, and key words: Authentication, Servers, Protocols, Tokenization, Password, Registers, Organizations. Abstract: In the digital payment system, the transactions and their data about clients are very sensitive, so the security and privacy of personal information of the client is a big concern. The confirmation towards security necessities prevents the data from a stolen and unauthorized person over the digital transactions, So the stronger authentication methods required, which must be based on cryptography. Initially, in the payment ecosystem, they were using the Kerberos protocol, but now different approaches such as Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP), Tokenization, Two-Factor Authentication(PIN, MPIN, OTP), etc. such protocols are being used in the payment system. This paper presents the use cases of different authentication protocols. Further, the use of these protocols in online payment systems to verify each individual are explained. |
15,721 | Please write an abstract with title: Shape-Driven EIT Reconstruction Using Fourier Representations, and key words: Shape, Image reconstruction, Tomography, Conductivity, Topology, Conductivity measurement, Current measurement. Abstract: Shape-driven approaches have been proposed as an effective strategy for the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) reconstruction problem in recent years. In order to augment the shape-driven approaches, we propose a new method that transforms the shape to be reconstructed as basic primitives directly modeled by using Fourier representations. To allow automatic topological changes between the basic primitives and surrounding objects simultaneously, Boolean operations are employed. The Boolean operations with direct representation of primitives can be utilized for dimensionality and ill-posedness reduction, enabling feasible shape and topology optimization with shape-driven approaches. As a proof of principle, we leverage the proposed method for two dimensional shape reconstruction in EIT with various conductivity distributions. We demonstrate that our method is able to improve EIT reconstructions by enabling accurate shape and topology optimization. |
15,722 | Please write an abstract with title: Hotel room allocation for sales channel by dynamic programming, and key words: Marketing and sales, Dynamic programming, Resource management, Aerospace engineering, Supply chain management, Risk management, Companies, Electricity supply industry, Numerical simulation, Availability. Abstract: This paper describes the sales channels decision problem on balancing opportunity loss and supply surplus. Service industries which sell limited, perishable inventories such as flight tickets and hotel rooms through multi sales channels are constantly faced with the problem how to allocate their inventories for getting the optimum total revenues because a high profitable channel has weak sales power and a low profitable channel has strong one. In order to solve this problem timely and reasonably, this paper formulates an original problem as dynamic programming where the decision factors are induced from the past sales records. Achieving numerical simulation, this paper also shows the availability of the strategy with dynamic programming is shown. |
15,723 | Please write an abstract with title: Thailand Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Analysis of climate policy for enhancing climate resilience in infrastructure construction sector, and key words: Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), Climate Policy, Climate resilience, Infrastructure, Construction. Abstract: The perception of climate change mitigation efforts goes in wider and different phases, from individual incentives to community as a whole. Paris agreement conferences aim to delineate the climate change problem and strengthen the collaboration between the potential countries and developing countries which facing more challenges in terms of financial resource and socioeconomic. The agreement requires each country to implement their domestic climate policy which covers economic, social, and political issues in responding to climate change such as low carbon emission development plans, mitigation and adaptation measures, and climate resilience development. These climate actions are delivered as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) which is a long-term achieving low-emissions plan and reflect the national GHG emission reduction priorities. This research explores the NDC in Thailand context with focus on the development of infrastructure construction sector which is a significant sector contribute to economic growth of the country. Thailand's Nationally Determined Contributions implements 15 climate long-term approaches for year 2021–2030 which covers to 3 categories: Energy and Transportation, Waste Management, and Industrial Manufacture and Product Application. In Thailand, likewise other countries, energy sector is the most contributor to the largest portion of GHG emission as it is interconnected with all activities including the focus area, construction of infrastructure. This research aims to analyze relevant approaches for construction sector indicated in the NDC Roadmap on Mitigation 2021–2030, and the Guidelines for driving and evaluating which includes the mitigation and adaptation measures on climate change. The construction sector by compliance with the NDCs approaches appears to be a potentially significant factor for sustainable development and low carbon future, likewise, building climate resilience through mitigation and adaptation practices, for instance, the application of Ecosystem-Based Adaptation (EbA), the construction rating system as a guideline for measuring sustainability in both building scale and component scale. In addition, to achieve the long-term goal, the participation and collaboration have to be bonded strongly in all phases to support climate action mechanisms in both domestic and international level. |
15,724 | Please write an abstract with title: A High Performance Frequency Synthesis Method Based on PLL and DDS, and key words: Phase noise, Frequency synthesizers, Voltage-controlled oscillators, High frequency, Phase locked loops, Signal resolution, Wideband. Abstract: A high performance frequency synthesis method based on PLL and DDS is introduced. The synthesized signal has the characteristics of high frequency tuning resolution, ultra-low phase noise and low spurious. The frequency synthesis method takes the wideband VCO as the frequency source of the PLL and the direct digital frequency synthesizer as the reference signal of the PLL. It has the characteristics of high frequency resolution and low phase noise of the direct digital frequency synthesizer, and improves the spurious level of the direct digital frequency synthesizer through the loop filtering ability of the PLL. |
15,725 | Please write an abstract with title: All-optical buffering using laser neural networks, and key words: Neural networks, Optical buffering, Optical packet switching, Fiber nonlinear optics, Nonlinear optics, Optical wavelength conversion, Optical switches, Wavelength routing, Optical control, Optical computing. Abstract: We demonstrate an all-optical buffering method that can handle contention of three optical packets. We have employed a laser neural network as an all-optical arbiter that decides whether packet contention takes place. The laser neural network drives a wavelength routing switch that is used to route the data packets into fiber delay lines. Experimental results are presented. |
15,726 | Please write an abstract with title: Integration of PV Panels and EV Chargers on the Modular Multilevel Converter Based SST, and key words: Capacitors, Transformers, Choppers (circuits), Multilevel converters, Legged locomotion, Current control, Frequency conversion. Abstract: This article develops a solid-state transformer (SST), which integrates PV panels and EV chargers together through the open-dc modular multilevel converter (MMC). Different from the well-known MMC, which has a common dc link, the discussed MMC is open-circuited at the dc link so that it should be analyzed from the three-phase viewpoint. The developed SST performs like two parallel-connected cascaded converters, and they are operated with opposite power flow directions. Compared with the conventional SST solution using two separate cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converters, the developed SST has relatively low component count so that it is expected to be of superiority in cost, footprint, and even power density. In addition, the usage of zero sequence voltage in the CHB converter can be replaced by circulating currents in the open-dc MMC so as to greatly reduce the risk of overmodulation. After the thorough power flow analysis on the open-dc MMC and the corresponding controller design, the developed SST is capable of freely working at any operating points with PV panels and EV chargers. Moreover, the developed SST takes the unbalanced grid conditions into account, which is another key contribution of this article. Finally, the balanced and unbalanced operations of the developed SST are both confirmed by the laboratory test results, and furthermore, the dynamic performance of the developed SST considering the time-variant characteristics of PV panels and EV chargers is also demonstrated through the PLECS simulation platform. |
15,727 | Please write an abstract with title: Probabilistic Stacked Denoising Autoencoder for Power System Transient Stability Prediction With Wind Farms, and key words: Transient analysis, Power system stability, Stability criteria, Probabilistic logic, Wind power generation. Abstract: To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and loads in transient stability assessment with credible contingencies, this letter proposes a stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE)-based probabilistic prediction method. The correlations among wind farms have been effectively considered through the variable transformation via the Cholesky decomposition. SDAE allows learning the mapping relationship between operational features and the transient stability margin. The possible operation scenarios are sampled under different confidence levels to generate appropriate inputs for SDAE to assess the probabilistic transient stability distribution. Results on the modified IEEE 39-bus system show that our proposed method can achieve a similar level of accuracy as the benchmark and improved Monte Carlo simulations-based methods while having much higher computational efficiency. |
15,728 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-attribute negotiation in e-business process composition, and key words: Contracts, Humans, Procurement, Web services, Assembly, Consumer electronics, Context-aware services, Proposals, Decision making, Informatics. Abstract: Structured collaboration between distributed enterprises is described by an interorganisational e-business process (e-process). An e-process typically comprises a core process hosted by one organization and many plug-in process components contracted from others. The assembly of an e-process would then involve nontrivial interorganisational negotiation of formal component procurement contracts. Human decision-making is required to provide the inherently subjective judgements when choosing component suppliers and negotiating these contracts. We introduce an approach to such e-business process negotiation, using a generic iterative bargaining protocol and a multicriteria decision-support method. An assessment of its feasibility is provided vis-a-vis a standard case study. |
15,729 | Please write an abstract with title: A new generation of universal contactless Battery Charging platform for portable Consumer Electronic equipment, and key words: Batteries, Consumer electronics, Electronic equipment, Mobile handsets, Magnetic multilayers, Transmission line matrix methods, Magnetic flux, Surface charging, Digital audio players, Dictionaries. Abstract: This invention is related to a new planar inductive battery charger for portable electronic equipment such as mobile phones, palm pilots and CD players. New multilayer printed-circuit-board winding matrices of hexagonal structures that can generate magnetic flux of almost even magnitude over the surface of the winding arrays have been developed. The new concept forms the basis for a new generation of universal charging platform for a wide range of portable electronic equipment. Different types of portable electronic equipment can be placed and charged simultaneously on the charging platform, regardless of their positions and orientation. The principle and structure of the charging platform are explained and the feasibility has been confirmed with practical measurements. The proposed universal charging platform has been successfully used for mobile phones, MP3 players and electronic dictionaries. |
15,730 | Please write an abstract with title: Differentiating S1, S2 Noises from Abnormal Heart Sounds Generated in Closure of Atrioventricular and Semilunar Valves using MFCC and LSTM, and key words: Heart, Recurrent neural networks, Heart beat, Memory management, Logic gates, Maintenance engineering, Mel frequency cepstral coefficient. Abstract: Heart Sounds are generated by heartbeats in the form of noises. Each beat in a healthy human produces two normal heart sounds, which are sometimes referred to as a lub and a dub (or dup). For example, S1 and S2 heart sounds are produced by the closing of both atrioventricular and semilunar valves. This heart sound dataset has been collected in real-world circumstances and frequently incorporates various types of background noises. Differences in heart sounds that correspond to different cardiac symptoms might be quite subtle and difficult to distinguish. To overcome this type of situation, a deep learning-based classification model named long short-term memory (LSTM) with RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) technology has been proposed in this project. This approach featured with unique additive gradient structure that can differentiate the heart sounds i.e. S1 and S2 from abnormal noises. Along with Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) at the pre-processing step, ensures the patients' successful representation of heart sounds present in audio files into their respective frequency domain forms. Although, MFCC can move forward with four basic processes that include Fourier Transform (FT), mapping to Mel Scale, use of triangular windows, and log of each Mel frequency. Moreover, it may be difficult to solve problems like classifying heart sound that requires long-term memory due to having gradient problems present in RNN. Such problems can be overcome by applying both RNN and LSTM techniques as LSTM maintains the information in the memory cell for a longer period. To restrict the amount of data passed through the cell, this proposed model uses three sigmoid gates and one tanh layer. When information enters into the memory, when to output, and it is forgotten, that is controlled by a set of gates that allow for greater control of the gradient flow and maintenance of long-range dependencies. This RNN-LSTM model has been successfully implemented and differentiated heart sounds with a greater test accuracy result of 80 percent. |
15,731 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Research on No-Load Air Gap Magnetic Field and System Multiobjective Optimization of Interior PM Motor, and key words: Air gaps, Magnetic fields, Optimization, Analytical models, Stator cores, Atmospheric modeling, Rotors. Abstract: In this article, considering the influence of iron core saturation and complex boundary conditions, a novel no-load magnetic field analytical method and system multiobjective optimization model for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) are proposed. First, an analytical method based on magnetic potential permeance method is proposed. The complex cogging effect and equivalent air gap permeability function are fully considered in this method. Furthermore, on the basis of Taguchi optimization design based on Fuzzy theory, an improved optimization model considering multivariable interaction is proposed. Among them, in order to comprehensively consider the performance of electromagnetic, vibration, and temperature rise, five optimization objectives including torque, pulsation, cogging torque, loss, and flux density are optimized. The sensitivity of design variables and the interaction between variables are not ignored. Finally, a 6-pole 36-slot IPMSM is manufactured for prototype experiments. A large number of prototype experiments, finite element, and computational fluid dynamics simulation analysis including no-load magnetic field, back electromotive force, temperature rise, electromagnetic torque, and so on are carried out. The accuracy and rationality of the proposed no-load magnetic field analysis method and global optimization model are well-verified. |
15,732 | Please write an abstract with title: Visual interpretability analysis of Deep CNNs using an Adaptive Threshold method on Diabetic Retinopathy images, and key words: Training, Image segmentation, Visualization, Computer vision, Retinopathy, Computational modeling, Transforms. Abstract: Deep neural networks have been dominating the field of computer vision, achieving exceptional performance on object detection and pattern recognition. However, despite the highly accurate predictions of these models, the continuous increase in depth and complexity comes at the cost of interpretability, making the task of explaining the reasoning behind these predictions very challenging. In this paper, an analysis of state-of-the-art approaches towards the direction of interpreting the networks’ representations, is carried out over two Diabetic Retinopathy image datasets, IDRiD and DDR. Furthermore, these techniques are compared in the task of image segmentation of the same datasets. This is to discover which method can produce the better attention maps that can solve the problem of segmentation without actually training the network for the specific task. To accomplish that we propose an adaptive threshold method that transforms the attention masks in a more suitable representation for segmentation. Experiments over multiple architectures were conducted to ensure the robustness of the results. |
15,733 | Please write an abstract with title: The implementation and evaluation of educational online gaming system, and key words: Learning systems, Educational technology, Educational institutions, Web server, Internet, Java, Industrial relations, Toy industry, Paper technology, Performance analysis. Abstract: An educational online game is proposed in the paper. We then examine the impact of learners' online-game experience and their self-efficacy on learning effects. Meanwhile, the relationships among main factors, which influence the learning effects are analyzed. We found that a significant correlation between learners' online-game experience and their self-efficacy is revealed. Path analysis indicates that the learning performance is only directly influenced by learners' academic achievement and learning time. Learners' online game experience only affects learning performance indirectly through learning time. The online game-based learning system in this study is worthy to be popularized since it can attract more learners' attention. |
15,734 | Please write an abstract with title: Determination of the Genetic Variant Reliability Using SHAP Approach, and key words: Gallium arsenide, Support vector machines, Reliability, Additives, Reactive power, Nanoelectromechanical systems, DNA. Abstract: Analysis of genetic variants is important for the detection of diseases associated with a variant. Detection of changes in the genetic variant is important for accurate diagnosis of the disease and appropriate solutions. One of the biggest problems in the classification of variants is the reliability of the data sets that will be presented as an input to modeling for the classification of variants. In this study, a system design based on machine learning, which determines the reliability of variants to be introduced to a variant scoring model, is proposed. Thus, it is aimed to provide more reliable training data for variant scoring systems. Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) method has been used to determine the most effective ones. In the experiments carried out on ClinVar, one of the data sets where this problem was observed, classifiers were created for the detection of contradictory situations by using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Gradient Boosting Trees (XGBoost) methods. In this study, 157 features were reduced to 41 attributes in SVM modeling and 13 attributes in XGBoost modeling for the detection of contradictory situations, and results were very close to the performance rates obtained with all attributes. |
15,735 | Please write an abstract with title: Mobile Application with Augmented Reality for the learning of the cell, and key words: Mobile handsets, Mobile applications, Augmented reality. Abstract: This study shows the effects resulting from the implementation of a mobile application with augmented reality for the learning of the cell. The Mobile-D methodology was used for this study, whose focus and properties are mainly targeted at the mobile device market. The quasi-experimental design was used in a sample of 40 fifth-grade students from a private school in Lima, which was divided into two groups of 20 students: a control and an experimental group. And it was found the experimental group achieved a significant improvement in the learning level compared to the control. Lastly, it is concluded that the use of a mobile application with augmented reality has significantly improved in three aspects of learning. |
15,736 | Please write an abstract with title: Stability Analysis of Switched Nonlinear Systems With Multiple Time-Varying Delays, and key words: Delays, Switches, Stability criteria, Numerical stability, Nonlinear systems, Delay effects, Power system stability. Abstract: This article addresses the stability problem of switched nonlinear systems (SNSs) with multiple time-varying delays (MTVDs) whose subsystems are all unstable. By utilizing a multiple Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals technique, some stability criteria for SNSs with MTVDs are obtained. To tackle the challenge of finding appropriate Lyapunov functions, we introduce Takagi and Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy models and present stability criteria for switched T–S fuzzy systems with MTVDs. Moreover, a novel switching signal is developed to eliminate the effect of the increment energy of Lyapunov functions for all unstable modes. The upshots of our result are that: 1) it allows the upper bound of the derivatives of Lyapunov functionals to be mode-dependent functions which can be positive or negative and 2) it also improves upon the existing results by removing several restrictive conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of our method is validated through numerical simulations. |
15,737 | Please write an abstract with title: GraDual: Graph-based Dual-modal Representation for Image-Text Matching, and key words: Visualization, Matched filters, Computer vision, Computational modeling, Semantics, Image retrieval, Image representation. Abstract: Image-text retrieval task is a challenging task. It aims to measure the visual-semantic correspondence between an image and a text caption. This is tough mainly because the image lacks semantic context information as in its corresponding text caption, and the text representation is very limited to fully describe the details of an image. In this paper, we introduce Graph-based Dual-modal Representations (GraDual), including Vision-Integrated Text Embedding (VITE) and Context-Integrated Visual Embedding (CIVE), for image-text retrieval. The GraDual improves the coverage of each modality by exploiting textual context semantics for the image representation, and using visual features as a guidance for the text representation. To be specific, we design: 1) a dual-modal graph representation mechanism to solve the lack of coverage issue for each modality. 2) an intermediate graph embedding integration strategy to enhance the important pattern across other modality global features. 3) a dual-modal driven crossmodal matching network to generate a filtered representation of another modality. Extensive experiments on two benchmark datasets, MS-COCO and Flickr30K, demonstrates the superiority of the proposed GraDual in comparison to state-of-the-art methods. |
15,738 | Please write an abstract with title: Energy Optimization and Cost Reduction in Water Distribution Networks, and key words: Energy consumption, Costs, Signal processing algorithms, Distribution networks, Valves, Reservoirs, Game theory. Abstract: Since the majority of energy consumed by water supply systems is used in transporting and distributing water, in addition to the energy required to pump the water from its sources, energy consumption is significantly associated with the water demand. Several studies have been carried out to optimize pump operations to achieve appropriate pressure and reduce the energy associated with controlling water levels in storage facilities. In this paper, we develop an optimization and decision support technique for a Water Distribution Network (WDN) that considers energy efficiency by limiting the energy consumption of transport and distribution water operations. Therefore, three considerations are taken into account to reduce energy usage, which are: a) the tank demand pattern is redistributed using a genetic algorithm; b) the reservoir serving pattern is governed by game theory c) a decision-making algorithm is also proposed to select the best-suited controlling setting of the pump and valves based on the other two considerations. |
15,739 | Please write an abstract with title: A single-chip 1.8 GHz image reject RF receiver front-end with boot-strapped inductors, and key words: Radio frequency, Low-noise amplifiers, Active inductors, Gain, Radiofrequency amplifiers, Q factor, Tunable circuits and devices, Active filters, Active noise reduction, Circuit noise. Abstract: A fully integrated RF front-end for 1.8 GHz wireless receiver is presented. The circuit is based on a single-conversion heterodyne architecture with a band-pass low noise amplifier and an image-reject mixer. Bootstrapped inductors are used to realize the high quality factor inductors of the tunable LC active filters in the variable gain low noise amplifier. The front-end, which has been designed for a 50 GHz bipolar process, presents an overall image-rejection greater than 62 dB at 100 MHz of intermediate frequency. The main characteristics of this design are a gain of 17.3 dB, a bandwidth of 45 MHz, a linearity range up to -20 dBm, a power consumption of 120 mW, a low area on die and a low cost, since no external components in the RF and IF signal paths are needed. |
15,740 | Please write an abstract with title: Improved Transfer Component Analysis and It Application for Bearing Fault Diagnosis Across Diverse Domains, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Feature extraction, Training data, Testing, Principal component analysis, Machine learning, Learning systems. Abstract: In recent years, intelligent fault diagnosis models based on machine learning used for intelligent condition monitoring and diagnosis have achieved considerable success. However, in the current research, the diagnosis process is based on an assumption that the same feature distribution exists between training data and testing data. Regrettably, in real application, training data and testing data are often from diverse domains, the difference in feature distributions is often prevalent; in this case, the traditional diagnostic models lack adaptability. To address this issue, this work proposed a diagnosis framework based on domain adaptation. This framework is inspired by the domain adaptation ability of transfer learning, in that the model trained by the labeled data in source domain can be transferred to diagnose a new but similar target data. The domain adaptation algorithm transfer component analysis (TCA) and its improved algorithm- improved transfer component analysis (ITCA) are embedded into this framework, respectively, to verify its applicability. An experiment was conducted on the datasets of bearing to demonstrate the applicability and practicability of the proposed transfer framework. The results show that the proposed method presents high accuracy in the transfer task of bearing fault diagnosis under different conditions across diverse experimental positions and fault types. |
15,741 | Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive QoS control of multimedia transmission over band-limited networks, and key words: Programmable control, Adaptive control, Quality of service, Shape control, Forward error correction, Communication system control, Bandwidth, Data communication, Error correction, Robust control. Abstract: Consumers increasingly demand high quality of service (QoS) for multimedia applications. Application-layer QoS control mechanisms that do not make specific references to coding semantics tend to provide the most robust solutions for delivery of multimedia data over band-limited networks. We propose an adaptive and robust QoS algorithm for band-limited networks that integrates explicit receiver-sender rate control, rate shaping with multiple quantization parameters and adaptive forward error correction (FEC). Experimental results indicate that an average improvement of 0.5 dB PSNR can be achieved compared to other methods. |
15,742 | Please write an abstract with title: Hand Gesture Recognition Using Three-Dimensional Electrical Impedance Tomography, and key words: Tomography, Electrodes, Voltage measurement, Current measurement, Gesture recognition, Impedance measurement, Three-dimensional displays. Abstract: This brief presents a 16-electrode electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system for hand gesture recognition. The hardware of the system is based on integrated circuits including a 12-bit high spectral purity current-steering DAC implemented in 0.18 μm CMOS technology, a current driver and an instrumentation amplifier in 0.35 μm CMOS technology. Both 2D and 3D EIT electrode arrangements were tested for hand gesture recognition. It is shown that using machine learning algorithms, eight hand gestures can be distinguished from the measured bio-impedance data with an accuracy of 97.9% when the electrodes are placed on a single wristband, and an accuracy of 99.5% with the same number of electrodes distributed on two wristbands for 3D EIT measurement. In particular 3D EIT demonstrated significant superiority in its ability to discriminate between gestures with similar muscle contractions. |
15,743 | Please write an abstract with title: On the asymptotic capacity of MIMO systems with antenna arrays of fixed length, and key words: MIMO, Antenna arrays, Linear antenna arrays, Receiving antennas, Fading, Transmitters, Channel state information, Mutual information, Information analysis, System testing. Abstract: Previous authors have shown that the asymptotic capacity of a multiple-element-antenna (MEA) system with N transmit and N receive antennas [termed an (N,N) MEA] grows linearly with N if, for all l, the correlation of the fading for two antenna elements whose indices differ by l remains fixed as antennas are added to the array. However, in practice, the total size of the array is often fixed, and thus the correlation of the fading for two elements separated in index by some value l will change as the number of antenna elements is increased. In this paper, under the condition that the size of an array of antennas is fixed, and assuming that the transmitter does not have access to the channel state information (CSI) while the receiver has perfect CSI, the asymptotic properties of the instantaneous mutual information I/sub N,N/ of an (N,N) MEA wireless system employing uniform linear arrays in a quasi-static fading channel are derived analytically and tested for accuracy for finite N through simulations. For many channel correlation structures, it is demonstrated that the asymptotic performance converges almost surely, implying that such MEA systems have a certain strong robustness to the instantiation of the channel fading values. |
15,744 | Please write an abstract with title: Teaching renewable energy using multimedia, and key words: Renewable energy resources, Electronic learning, Multimedia systems, Power system reliability, Educational technology, Density estimation robust algorithm, Management training, Educational programs, Computer science education, Power system simulation. Abstract: In this paper an implementation of an electronic-learning system in the area of renewable energy resources is presented. According to written scenarios six teaching modules in this area of the science are realized. The control of the studying and testing modules is accomplished with the help of a Petri network. The structure of the teaching modules is presented in a few examples. This project, which is a subject of a university studying program, is going to be implemented in a special multimedia laboratory as part of the lecture and exercises of the subject of renewable energy resources. |
15,745 | Please write an abstract with title: The magnetic field inside special conducting geometries due to internal current, and key words: Magnetic fields, Geometry, Magnetic analysis, Conductivity, Conductors, Electric potential, Magnetic heads, Magnetic field measurement, Biophysics, Nuclear magnetic resonance. Abstract: In view of recent attempts to directly and noninvasively detect the neuromagnetic field, we derive an analytic formula for the magnetic field inside a homogeneous conducting sphere due to a point current dipole. It has a similar structure to a well-known formula for the field outside any spherically symmetric conductivity profile. For a radial dipole, the field on the inside has a very simple expression. A symmetry argument is given as to why the field of a radial dipole vanishes outside a spherical conductor. Illustrative plots of the magnetic field are presented for a radial and a tangential dipole; the slope of the tangential component of the magnetic field is discontinuous at the surface of the sphere. A spherical conductor having three concentric regions is discussed; and we also derive an analytic formula for the magnetic field inside a homogeneous infinite half space. |
15,746 | Please write an abstract with title: Suspension Strategy of Maglev Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Based on Sliding Mode Adaptive Neural Network Predictive Control, and key words: Magnetic levitation, Neural networks, Atmospheric modeling, Predictive control, Photonic crystals, Mathematical models, Magnetic materials. Abstract: The magnetic levitation system of the maglev vertical axis wind turbine is presented in this paper. The design and implementation of the magnetic levitation controller are discussed, and the nonlinear mathematical model of the magnetic levitation system is established. However, the magnetic levitation system is extremely susceptible to disturbance. To suppress the external disturbance and parameter perturbations, a sliding mode adaptive neural network predictive control method is presented, which is composed of the sliding mode control, an adaptive neural network and a model predictive control. The sufficient simulation and experimental results show that the proposed suspension method reduces the impact of the external disturbance and improves the dynamic response speed. |
15,747 | Please write an abstract with title: Teaching and Learning Experience: A Student and Teacher Vision, and key words: Training, Electrical engineering, Nonlinear equations, Education, Mathematical analysis, Europe, Mathematics. Abstract: Many experiences on the application of new teaching and learning methodologies in mathematics have been presented in recent years. In higher education and more specifically in the teaching of mathematics in engineering these experiences are quite rare. Lesson Study (LS), a professional development process for teachers created in Japan, is practically non-existent in higher mathematics education in Portugal. However, the fact that teachers work together to plan, teach and reflect on a research lesson can play an important role in improving the quality of teaching and learning at this academic level. This paper intends to present the opinion and reflections of a group of teachers on the effect of their participation in a LS. The experiment was carried out in the Mathematical Analysis I course unit with twenty-five undergraduate students in Electrical Engineering, during the first semester of 2021/2022. The Newton-Raphson Method for solving nonlinear equations was the chosen topic, using GeoGebra as dynamic content. The experience involved the participation of four mathematics teachers and a PhD student in Education (mathematics didactics) who is also mathematics teacher in higher education in Brazil, in eight online weekly sessions of one hour and a half each, and in a 2-hour face-to-face session. For seven weeks the chosen topic was studied and adapted to be presented to the students. The following week, the class was taught by one of the teachers, and the other participants observed and wrote down some information. In the last session the reflections of the teachers and students present in the class were analysed. The final observations of this study suggest that LS is important in the context of training, in view of a reflective and improved pedagogical practice. As such, it should be included, whenever possible, in the planning of mathematics lessons for engineering and for higher education in general. |
15,748 | Please write an abstract with title: Odd harmonic periodic solutions of systems with odd nonlinearities, and key words: Harmonic analysis, Transforms, Nonlinear equations, Mathematics, Circuits and systems. Abstract: The connection between odd nonlinearities in dynamical systems and oscillations with no even harmonics is studied. It is found that when using harmonic balance techniques, one can often ignore even harmonics with no loss of generality as long as the nonlinearity is odd. It is shown that results on nonexistence of oscillations which ignore even harmonics are often valid results on nonexistence of general oscillations, with or without nontrivial even harmonics. It is also determined that if an isolated oscillation with nontrivial even harmonics is found by using a standard method, then there is also an oscillation with no even harmonics. The techniques used are harmonic balance-Galerkin methods associated with the describing function method. |
15,749 | Please write an abstract with title: Terahertz Oscilloscope for Temporal Characterization of Picosecond Relativistic Electron Beam<sup>#</sup>, and key words: Electron beams, Free electron lasers, Oscilloscopes, Scattering, Measurement by laser beam, X-ray lasers, Metrology. Abstract: Terahertz (THz) streaking is a novel method to measure the temporal profile of a relativistic electron beam with a few femtosecond (fs) duration. Recently, a THz oscilloscope was proposed for hundred-fs metrology with a significantly increased dynamic range, which used a circular polarized THz pulse instead of a linearly polarized one. In this paper, we propose a THz oscilloscope for temporal characterization of relativistic electron beam with few picosecond (ps) duration, which is crucial for THz free-electron lasers and Thomson scattering X-ray sources, etc. |
15,750 | Please write an abstract with title: Active Building as an Energy System: Concept, Challenges, and Outlook, and key words: Buildings, Low-carbon economy, Systematics, Renewable energy sources, Fossil fuels, Load management. Abstract: Over the last decades, environmental concerns and the global tendency to reduce the use of fossil fuels and replacing them with renewable energy sources (RESs) to face the increasing rate of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have increased. Buildings consume a significant amount of energy and therefore, they are responsible for a noticeable part of the total GHG emission. Thus, when we talk about decarbonization of the energy systems, buildings are an important sector of the energy system that needs to be considered. Using RESs, smart technologies, and information and communication technologies along with the improvement in energy efficiency, are a number of endeavors to increase the role of building on the way toward decarbonization. In the new environment, the buildings are not passive players of the energy systems and they are able to take an active role and participate in the energy-efficient operation. While they are able to manage their resources and serve the local energy requirements of the residents in the best possible manner, they can participate in the energy and balancing markets and support the network operators as a service provider. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of active buildings’ concept, challenges and outlook to pave the way for the researchers from academia and industry who want to start working in this area. |
15,751 | Please write an abstract with title: General results in the mathematical theory of random signals and noise in nonlinear devices, and key words: Autocorrelation, Gaussian noise, Integrated circuit noise, Rectifiers, Information theory, Signal processing, Signal analysis, Research and development, Gyroscopes, Neck. Abstract: An analysis is made of the output resulting from passing signals and noise through general zero memory nonlinear devices. New expressions are derived for the output time function and autocorrelation function in terms of weighted averages of the nonlinear characteristic and its derivatives. These expressions are not restricted to Gaussian noise and apply to any nonlinearity having no more than a finite number of discontinuities. The method of analysis used is heuristic. |
15,752 | Please write an abstract with title: Improved noise-adapted semantic SLAM, and key words: Deep learning, Adaptation models, Simultaneous localization and mapping, Semantics, Robustness, Trajectory, Artificial intelligence. Abstract: Based on the rapid development of deep learning, semantic information has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of SLAM (Simultaneous Location and Mapping). The noise problem caused by the environment and sensor results in the lack of consistency of semantic maps, and affects the accuracy of the algorithms. Loss function can adjust the weights assigned to the outliers, so it can reduce the impact of the outliers. However, the model of loss function used by most semantic SLAM is fixed and cannot adapt well to the changing environment. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a improved noise-adapted semantic SLAM, which uses Gaussian mixture correntropy weight function as loss function. Its model structure is variable by adjusting the parameters in changing environment, so it can adapte the noise distribution to the greatest extent, which is more conducive to reducing the weight of the algorithm for outliers and improving robustness to the outliers. Experiments on the public KITTI dataset show that the average relative translation and rotation error of the proposed method are reduced by 4.08% and 5.55%, the constructed semantic maps are more consistent. |
15,753 | Please write an abstract with title: Average Transmission Rate and Outage Performance of Relay-Assisted Satellite Hybrid FSO/RF Systems, and key words: Radio frequency, Satellites, Monte Carlo methods, Clouds, Atmospheric modeling, Optical switches, Rician channels. Abstract: This paper proposes a rate adaptation design for high altitude platform (HAP)-aided relaying satellite hybrid free-space optical/radio-frequency (FSO/RF) systems. The design allows switching between two links gradually to reduce the frequent link switching in error-prone environments of conventional fixed-rate hybrid FSO/RF systems. System performance metrics, including average transmission rate and outage probability, are analytically studied under the presence of clouds and fading of FSO and RF channels modeled respectively by Gamma-Gamma and Rician distributions. The numerical results quantitatively highlight the effectiveness of our proposed systems over the conventional ones. Moreover, Monte-Carlo simulations are also performed to validate the accuracy of the analytical model. |
15,754 | Please write an abstract with title: The Responsible Data Science Framework, and key words: Data science, Data models, Artificial intelligence, Task analysis, Measurement, Predictive models, Context modeling. Abstract: This chapter identifies motivations in data science that are associated with creating harmful artificial intelligence (AI). These motivations are grounded in discussions around real‐world examples of facial recognition technology gone wrong to give people an intuition of what characteristics ought to be encompassed within a responsible data science (RDS) framework. The chapter considers how researchers, corporations, and governments have responded to the AI harms with proposals to make AI more transparent, accountable, and ethical. It proposes a unifying framework for RDS that provides an actionable, consistent framework for readers to follow within their own AI projects. The most important stage of the RDS is auditing. Though the audit is performed with respect to the model itself, the findings of the audit might indicate issues with procedures related to model tuning, feature selection, feature engineering, raw data acquisition, or even the specification of the modeling task itself. |
15,755 | Please write an abstract with title: Reconstruction and Evaluation of DEMs From Bistatic Tandem-X SAR in Mountainous and Coastal Areas of China, and key words: Sea measurements, Global Positioning System, Earth, Synthetic aperture radar, Geology, Area measurement, Vegetation mapping. Abstract: TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurements (TanDEM-X) mission is designed to generate 3-D images of the Earth as the first bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR). However, few quantitative studies of TanDEM-X digital elevation model (DEM) quality validation have been conducted specifically in China. This article presents an iterative method to generate high-resolution TanDEM-X DEMs and assesses the vertical accuracy with high-accuracy GPS observations, 1 arc second global DEMs available [Advanced Land Observing Satellite World 3-D-30 m v2.2, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM) v3, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) v3.1, NASADEM, and X-band SRTM], and TanDEM-X 90 m DEM. The results demonstrate remarkable elevation quality and consistency in coastal areas with root mean square error of 1.7 m and 90% linear error (LE90) of 0.4 m, whereas 3-4 times weaker accuracies in steep mountainous areas. A positive bias of 1-2 m for an overall LE90 measure exists in the dense vegetation and steep-slope mountainous areas. TanDEM-X DEM-based SAR interferometry deformation uncertainty simulation indicates a low or even negligible topographic error contribution of 2-4 mm in mountainous areas and less than 1 mm in coastal areas. It indicates that the TanDEM-X DEM performs better than other global DEMs overall and shows a better elevation consistence with SRTM C-band DEM in the coastal area. As an excellent source of up-to-date information, the TanDEM-X DEM are expected be an advantage for understanding dynamic land use changes and improving identification and delineation of coastal lands, mountainous landslides, and earthquakes disasters. |
15,756 | Please write an abstract with title: Li-Ion Battery SoH Estimation Based on the Event-Driven Sampling of Cell Voltage, and key words: Batteries, Estimation, Voltage measurement, Lithium-ion batteries, Real-time systems, Discharges (electric), US Department of Defense. Abstract: In modern grids the deployment of rechargeable batteries is exponentially increasing. The Battery Management Systems (BMSs) are used to achieve a longer battery life and to maximize its usefulness. Contemporary BMSs are complex, creating a greater overhead consumption on the battery. The purpose of this work is to improve the power efficiency of the modern BMSs. To this end the processes of level-crossing sensing and processing are used. The emphasis is on developing a reliable, efficient, and real-time technique for estimating battery cells' state of health (SoH) by measuring their instantaneous voltages. Using an original event-driven approach, the SoH is approximated. Comparison of the designed system is performed with traditional counterpart. Results show, for the case of a 2 cells battery pack, an outperformance of 21.2 folds in terms of compression gain and computational efficiency while maintaining sufficient precision of the SoH estimation. |
15,757 | Please write an abstract with title: A Unified Contraction Analysis of a Class of Distributed Algorithms for Composite Optimization, and key words: Distributed algorithms, Optimization, Convergence, Symmetric matrices, Network topology, Acceleration, Standards. Abstract: We study distributed composite optimization over networks: agents minimize the sum of a smooth (strongly) convex function-the agents' sum-utility-plus a nonsmooth (extended-valued) convex one. We propose a general algorithmic framework for such a class of problems and provide a unified convergence analysis leveraging the theory of operator splitting. Our results unify several approaches proposed in the literature of distributed optimization for special instances of our formulation. Distinguishing features of our scheme are: (i) when the agents' functions are strongly convex, the algorithm converges at a linear rate, whose dependencies on the agents' functions and the network topology are decoupled, matching the typical rates of centralized optimization; (ii) the step-size does not depend on the network parameters but only on the optimization ones; and (iii) the algorithm can adjust the ratio between the number of communications and computations to achieve the same rate of the centralized proximal gradient scheme (in terms of computations). This is the first time that a distributed algorithm applicable to composite optimization enjoys such properties. |
15,758 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of Wide-Area Input Signals for Damping Interarea Oscillation of the Interconnected Paraguayan-Argentinean System, and key words: Damping, Analytical models, Power transmission lines, Loading, Transmission line measurements, Automatic voltage control, Phasor measurement units. Abstract: In this work, the geometric and residues methods are applied to select the most effective wide-area input signal to damp the interarea oscillation of the Paraguay-Argentinean interconnected equivalent system for two load conditions. This oscillation mode is composed of the Itaipu, Acaray and Yacyreta generators swinging against the Argentinean system. The damping is achieved by a STATCOM equipped with a supplementary damping controller close to the load center of the Paraguayan system. Wide-area signals of transmission line active power flow and current, and voltage phase angle difference between buses from phasor measurement units are evaluated as candidates. The results showed that the two selection methods lead to different signals according to the loading condition. The effectiveness of the selected input signal is confirmed by smallsignal analysis and a large disturbance simulation using the input signal that presents high values for both loading conditions. |
15,759 | Please write an abstract with title: Accelerating the Multivariate SKEW T Parameter Estimation, and key words: Maximum likelihood estimation, Parameter estimation, Acceleration, Convergence, Covariance matrices, Robustness. Abstract: This paper considers an acceleration scheme for the multivariate skew t (MST) parameter estimation. MST is a heavy-tailed distribution allowing also for skewness. The distribution is very convenient for many real-life applications where there data is heavy-tailed, there may be outliers, and data may be skewed. One example is financial data. The classical method to estimate the MST parameters is the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) via the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, which is often criticized for slow convergence. In this paper, we propose a scale-adjusted MST (SA-MST) model to accelerate the MST parameter estimation. Numerical results show that our proposed acceleration scheme can converge much faster than the standard MST model. |
15,760 | Please write an abstract with title: Estimation of Airship Aerodynamic Forces and Torques Using Extended Kalman Filter, and key words: Aerodynamics, Atmospheric modeling, Estimation, Mathematical model, Computational modeling, Wind tunnels, Force. Abstract: An airship is a lighter than air, aerial vehicle whose model is based on dynamic, aerodynamic, aerostatic and propulsion forces and torques. Apart from other, aerodynamic forces and toques are difficult to measure. In this work, an estimation scheme for aerodynamic forces and torques based on the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is presented. It is assumed that the airship attitude and position estimates are available. EKF estimates the airship body axes linear and angular velocities and aerodynamic forces and torques. As the method measures a complete aerodynamic model instead of measuring its individual parameters by utilizing minimum auxiliary state variables, it is computationally non-intensive and can provide online aerodynamic model information that can be used in controller implementation in a real-time environment. Nonlinear simulation environment is developed for the experimental airship and EKF performance is evaluated. For validating the estimator's performance, 3-σ uncertainty bounds and error analysis, estimator convergence analysis and it's closed-loop simulations with Sliding Mode Controller have been performed. The simulation results show that EKF successfully estimates the airship states and aerodynamic forces and torques with minimum estimation error enhancing the model-based nonlinear controller performance. |
15,761 | Please write an abstract with title: Features of using optoelectronic alignment amplifiers in industrial control systems, and key words: Optical amplifiers, Optical sensors, Light emitting diodes, Stimulated emission, Frequency conversion, Temperature measurement, Voltage measurement. Abstract: In the article, the authors substantiated the use of the optical isolation components in the circuits of industrial control systems. The options of using analog amplifiers in optoelectronic circuits were also analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of existing isolation systems were examined. As a result of the experimental research, a galvanic isolation circuit for the analog signal of a frequency converter was developed. The circuit is intended for interfacing a converter and a control system built on the basis of an industrial computer. The circuit for generating an the analog signal in a predetermined range based on the HCPL-7840 amplifier, which ensures the coordination of the industrial controller with the SPI serial port with the actuators with a proportional control was proposed by the authors in the article. The authors showed that on the strength of such criteria's as a linearity, a displacement and a temperature stability, it is shown that the analog optical isolation devices are very competitive and demonstrate the advantages over the alternative technical solutions for the analog voltage measurement. |
15,762 | Please write an abstract with title: Fuzzy Clustering based Cluster Head Selection for IoT enabled WSNs, and key words: Wireless Sensor Networks, Energy Efficiency, Clustering, Fuzzy C-Means, Fuzzy Clustering. Abstract: This work presents a fuzzy mechanism for selecting the optimum cluster head (CH) inside a cluster. During the preliminary simulations, different parameters with different weights are taken into account to make sure that the best CH is chosen, which ameliorates the wireless sensor network (WSN) lifetime. Fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering is used in the proposed work to select a CH based on the remaining energy ratio, the distance to the sink, the node history, and the node degree. By varying the weights for the above parameters using a brute-force approach, the best-performing weights have been acquired that extend the longevity of a WSN. The simulation results confirm that by incorporating the above-mentioned parameters, network stability is improved by 140.10% and 45.09% as compared to LEACH and FCM, respectively. |
15,763 | Please write an abstract with title: Slicing floorplan with clustering constraint, and key words: Clustering algorithms, Delay effects, Induction generators, Algorithm design and analysis, Sorting, Combinational circuits, Minimization methods, Polynomials. Abstract: In floorplan design, it is useful to allow users to specify some placement constraints in the final packing. Clustering constraint is a popular type of placement constraint in which a given set of modules are restricted to be placed adjacent to one another. The wiring cost can be reduced by placing modules with a lot of interconnections closely together. Designers may also need this type of constraint to restrict the positions of some modules according to their functionalities. In this paper, a method addressing clustering constraint in slicing floorplan is presented. We devised a linear time algorithm to locate neighboring modules in a normalized Polish expression and to rearrange them to satisfy the given constraints. Experiments were performed on some benchmarks and the results are very promising. |
15,764 | Please write an abstract with title: Achieving Effective Solar-Blind Photoelectrochemical-type Photodetection via Pt-decorated AlGaN Nanostructures, and key words: Self-assembly, Photodetectors, Wide band gap semiconductors, Nanostructures, Aluminum gallium nitride, Electrooptic effects. Abstract: Self-powered solar-blind photoelectrochemical-type photodetectors based on platinum-decorated self-assembled AlGaN nanostructures were constructed for the first time, demonstrating high responsivity and record fast response/recovery time without an external power source. |
15,765 | Please write an abstract with title: Device-Free Location-Independent Human Activity Recognition using Transfer Learning Based on CNN, and key words: Activity recognition, Wireless fidelity, Feature extraction, Training, Receiving antennas, Wireless sensor networks. Abstract: Device-free human activity recognition based on wireless signal is becoming a vital underpinning for various emerging applications in human-computer interaction (HCI). Ubiquitous wireless communication network, especially WiFi promotes the development of relevant industrial applications as well as the academic researches. Without dedicated equipment and specific constraints, device-free human activity sensing based on WiFi has attracted widespread attention. Prevailing approaches have made great achievements in single location perception and multi-locations fusion perception. However, in practical applications how to realize location-independent sensing using as few samples as possible to achieve high-accuracy recognition is an essential and fairly crucial issue, but still a challenge. To solve the issue, we present a location independent human activity recognition system based on WiFi named WiLISensing. In this paper, we leverage a simple designed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture and transfer learning method based on it to recognize activities in a position without training or with very few training samples. What's more, we demonstrate why transfer learning is a better solution to this problem. Extensive experiments have been carried out to show that WiLISensing could achieve promising accuracy above 90% in recognizing six activities and outperform state-of-the-art approaches. |
15,766 | Please write an abstract with title: Deep learning Bayesian inference for low-luminosity active galactic nuclei spectra, and key words: accretion discs, black hole physics, methods: statistical, galaxies: active. Abstract: Most active supermassive black holes in present-day galaxies are underfed and consist of low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGN). LLAGNs display complex multiwavelength broadband spectral energy distributions (SED), dominated by non-thermal processes which are explained to first order by a radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) and a relativistic jet. Due to the computational cost of generating such SEDs, it has not been hitherto possible to perform statistical fits to observed broadband SEDs, since such procedures require generating many thousands of models on-the-fly. Here, we have used a deep learning (DL) method to interpolate a large grid consisting of dozens of thousands of model SEDs for RIAFs and jets covering the parameter space appropriate for LLAGNs. Not only the DL method computes accurate models, it does so hundreds of thousands of times faster than solving the underlying dynamical and radiative transfer equations. This brings RIAF and jet models to the realm of Bayesian inference. We demonstrate that the combination of a DL interpolator and a Markov chain Monte Carlo ensemble sampler can recover the ground truth parameters of Mock LLAGN data. We apply our model to existing radio-to-X-rays observations of three LLAGNs: M87, NGC 315, and NGC 4261. We demonstrate that our model can estimate the relevant parameters of these accreting black holes such as the mass accretion and outflow rate at a small fraction of the computational cost of previous approaches. |
15,767 | Please write an abstract with title: On the Performance of SWIPT MEC Systems in the Presence of Spatially Correlated Shadowing, and key words: Wireless communication, Computational modeling, Interference, Downlink, Task analysis, Signal to noise ratio, Shadow mapping. Abstract: In this paper we analyze the performance of a mobile edge computing (MEC) system in the presence of spatially correlated shadowing. To achieve this goal, obstacles like walls are modelled by a Manhattan Poisson line Process (MPLP). Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) is used to send command messages as well as to deliver the power to low power devices (LPDs). The energy harvested by the LPDs in the downlink phase is then used to either locally execute the assigned computation task or to offload it to the MEC server. By leveraging stochastic geometry, we derive analytical expressions for the success probability of the system which is defined as the joint probability of SINR downlink coverage and of harvesting enough energy to execute the computation task. Moreover, the impact of different system parameters on the trade-off between the harvested energy and the computational task admission rate is analyzed. |
15,768 | Please write an abstract with title: Discussion, and key words: Resistors, Metals, Substrates, Capacitors, Transistors, Plastics, Monitoring. Abstract: In 1959 Texas Instruments developed the first IC, a laboratory model. In subsequent years, ICs were used mainly for military and space application, and did not really become widely used until the middle 1960s. I feel that the authors of this excellent paper must be congratulated on mastering a sophisticated technique in such a short time and with relatively modest resources, by producing a working logic circuit. This achievement places South Africa amongst fewer than 12 countries in the world where IC manufacturing facilities exist. |
15,769 | Please write an abstract with title: Implementation of a Computer Vision Framework for Tracking and Visualizing Face Mask Usage in Urban Environments, and key words: COVID-19, Computer vision, Tracking, Surveillance, Data visualization, Cameras, Faces. Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is an evolving situation in the United States and is spreading at alarming rates. The adoption of public health-informed hygienic practices can have a large impact on community transmission of COVID-19 including the wearing of face masks in public settings. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can be trained to classify people wearing face masks with impressive accuracy. However, current face mask datasets contain clear, high-resolution close-up images of individuals with face masks which is unrepresentative of the lower fidelity images of distant faces more prominent in urban camera images. This paper proposes a practical deep learning computer vision framework for detection and tracking of people in public spaces and the use of face masks. A custom 6,000 image face mask dataset curated from over 50 hours of urban surveillance camera footage is created in this work. CNN-based detectors trained using the dataset are used to perform person detection and face mask classification. Then, a multi-target tracking module extracts individual trajectories from frame-by-frame detection. By associating detected face masks with tracked individuals, overall face mask usage can be estimated. The framework is implemented on several surveillance cameras along the Detroit RiverWalk, a 5-kilometer pedestrian park connecting various greenways, plazas, pavilions, and open green spaces along the Detroit River in Detroit, Michigan. The detection of park user types is shown to have an average precision of 89% and higher for most person classes with the mask detector having an accuracy of 96%. An interactive web application visualizes the data and is used by park managers to inform management decisions and assess strategies used to increase face mask usage rates. |
15,770 | Please write an abstract with title: Unusual set of anomalies in the lattice dynamics of lawsonite near its phase transitions, and key words: Couplings, Spectroscopy, Lattices, Phonons, Crystals, Broadband communication, Minerals. Abstract: Lawsonite is a water-containing mineral occurring in the Earth’s crust and mantle, exhibiting low-temperature ferroelectricity linked to water molecules. Using broad-band polarized electromagnetic spectroscopy, we studied the lattice dynamics of a single crystal between 1Hz and 20THz at temperatures from 20 to 500K. We identified three anomalies associated with the two phase transitions occurring at 270 and 124K—a critical GHz relaxation, a soft THz phonon, and an overdamped sub-THz excitation in the $\mathbf{E} \|a, \mathbf{E} \|b$ and $\mathbf{E} \|c$ permittivity spectra, respectively. The fact that the soft mode is polarized perpendicularly to the ferroelectric axis is very unusual. |
15,771 | Please write an abstract with title: An LED Driver Circuit with Partial Power Regulation for Photovoltaic Warning-Light, and key words: partial power regulator (PPR), light-emitting diode (LED), warning-light, photovoltaic panel, bidirectional converter. Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) driver circuit of warning lighting with a photovoltaic (PV) panel is proposed in the paper. To efficiently utilize PV power, the LED driver employs a partial power regulator (PPR) for tracking the maximum power point (MPP) and simultaneously matching the dimming feature. A laboratory LED driver with a 54-W PV panel is designed for a 40-W LED warning-light formed by 36 LEDs. Experimental results have demonstrated that the LED driver can perform the dimming control of the warning-light and at the same time accomplish the MPP tracking of the PV panel in a wide operation region. A high efficiency can be achieved by processing a small part of the generated PV power with partial power regulation. |
15,772 | Please write an abstract with title: A Text Correction and Recognition for Intelligent Railway Drawing Detection, and key words: Training, Industrial electronics, Recurrent neural networks, Text recognition, Layout, Feature extraction, Control systems. Abstract: In current train control system, there are many drawings that need to be identified manually. This approach leads to many problems, such as misidentification and low efficiency. It is difficult to recognize these drawings automatically because the text on them often has a series of changes, like rotation, tilt, font changes and close to lines. To solve this problem, we divide the task into two parts: text recognition and graphical symbol recognition. This article focuses on text recognition. We use aerial detection technology to classify and detect graphical symbol and text, followed by choosing BILSTM to conducting sequence modeling and using convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) iterative training to focus on single word rotation, including tilting, noise-addition, and blurring post-processing. So that the training model can cope with complex scenario and improve the recognition rate of text on drawings. Finally, RESNET is applied to CRNN feature extraction network, and CRNN outputs the recognition and detection results in sequence according to the detection sequence, achieving entry-level detection, and the text recognition rate reaches 98.36% |
15,773 | Please write an abstract with title: High-performance carbon nanotube field-effect transistor with tunable polarities, and key words: CNTFETs, Carbon nanotubes, Schottky gate field effect transistors, Doping, Semiconductivity, Voltage, Substrates, Electrodes, Leakage current, Electrostatics. Abstract: State-of-the-art carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNFETs) behave as Schottky-barrier-modulated transistors. It is known that vertical scaling of the gate oxide significantly improves the performance of these devices. However, decreasing the oxide thickness also results in pronounced ambipolar transistor characteristics and increased drain leakage currents. Using a novel device concept, we have fabricated high-performance enhancement-mode CNFETs exhibiting n- or p-type unipolar behavior, tunable by electrostatic and/or chemical doping, with excellent OFF-state performance and a steep subthreshold swing (S=63 mV/dec). The device design allows for aggressive oxide thickness and gate-length scaling while maintaining the desired device characteristics. |
15,774 | Please write an abstract with title: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Model for Shrimp Culture Monitoring using Open Source IoT, and key words: Monitoring, Temperature sensors, Temperature measurement, Wireless sensor networks, Aquaculture, Conferences. Abstract: Shrimp culture habitat comprise parameters like temperature, humidity, soil composition, nutrification, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand which are requirements of shrimp culture. Due to high price and demand, many farmers in coastal region are shifting from vegetation to shrimp culture. Shrimp cultivation is encountered with abnormalities in temperature, soil composition, BOD, COD, pH and complex problems like slow growth diseases, nutritional imbalances, pathogenic diseases can downfall yields of cultivation. Both WSN and IoT revolutionized through remote sensing with centralized monitoring of agriculture, fisheries and Industrial processing. This paper presents a prototype design monitoring the shrimp culture parameters like temperature, pH, DO, etc. The prototype design will improve the practice of conventional Shrimp culture by remote sensing monitoring system and this would substantially increase the yield of the shrimp. The prototype was implemented and tested by deploying in pond for one day. The variation of parameters is measured by using setting up a ThingSpeak channel. The results show that the system is capable is monitoring the essential parameters and any change in these parameters leading to abnormal conditions in the pond can be easily communicated with the concerned person through message. |
15,775 | Please write an abstract with title: CLIPstyler: Image Style Transfer with a Single Text Condition, and key words: Computer vision, Semantics, Modulation, Pattern recognition. Abstract: Existing neural style transfer methods require reference style images to transfer texture information of style images to content images. However, in many practical situations, users may not have reference style images but still be inter-ested in transferring styles by just imagining them. In order to deal with such applications, we propose a new framework that enables a style transfer ‘without’ a style image, but only with a text description of the desired style. Using the pre-trained text-image embedding model of CLIP, we demonstrate the modulation of the style of content images only with a single text condition. Specifically, we propose a patch-wise text-image matching loss with multiview augmentations for realistic texture transfer. Extensive experimental results confirmed the successful image style transfer with realistic textures that reflect semantic query texts. |
15,776 | Please write an abstract with title: Decade quad monolithic POS modeling, and key words: Plasma sources, Plasma x-ray sources, Switches, Equivalent circuits, Magnetohydrodynamics, Delta modulation, Water resources, Hardware, Plasma simulation, Magnetic separation. Abstract: The decade quad (DQ) was initially fielded as a large area bremsstrahlung (LAB) source. This utilized the four decade modules (DM) triggered simultaneously but each driving a separate hard X-ray bremsstrahlung radiation source (BRS). Recently, water convolute hardware was installed that combines the power from the four Decade modules to drive a soft X-ray plasma radiation source (PRS). The water convolute configuration also enables the use of a monolithic plasma opening switch (MPOS) for driving a common BRS or PRS load. The work reported here was performed in support of the use of an ACE 4 type POS on DQ. The modeling included equivalent circuit and DELTA-CREMIT magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. The circuit analysis extracted equivalent circuit parameters from ACE 4 data and applied them to the planned DQ MPOS-BRS configuration. The MHD analyses evaluated strategies to optimize the DQ MPOS. |
15,777 | Please write an abstract with title: CMOS surface acoustic wave oscillators, and key words: Surface acoustic waves, Acoustic waves, Oscillators, Equivalent circuits, CMOS process, Ambient intelligence, Frequency synthesizers, Surface acoustic wave devices, Piezoelectric materials, Lithium. Abstract: In this paper we describe the design and implementation of a CMOS surface acoustic wave (SAW) oscillator. The oscillator utilizes surface acoustic wave resonators implemented in both 1.6micron and 0.5micron AMI CMOS process and fabricated through MOSIS. When connected to Pierce oscillator circuits, these resonators are capable of synthesizing frequencies in the range of 400MHz to 1GHz. This paper also addresses the design issues involving codesigning micromachined resonators with CMOS circuitry to optimize the oscillator design |
15,778 | Please write an abstract with title: DRSIR: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for Routing in Software-Defined Networking, and key words: Routing, Artificial neural networks, Topology, Reinforcement learning, Network topology, Computer architecture, Computational modeling. Abstract: Traditional routing protocols employ limited information to make routing decisions, which leads to slow adaptation to traffic variability and restricted support to the quality of service requirements of applications. To address these shortcomings, in previous work, we proposed RSIR, a routing solution based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) in Software-Defined Networking (SDN). However, RL-based solutions usually suffer an increase in time during the learning process when dealing with large action and state spaces. This paper introduces a different routing approach, called Deep Reinforcement Learning and Software-Defined Networking Intelligent Routing (DRSIR). DRSIR defines a routing algorithm based on Deep RL (DRL) in SDN that overcomes the limitations of RL-based solutions. DRSIR considers path-state metrics to produce proactive, efficient, and intelligent routing that adapts to dynamic traffic changes. DRSIR was evaluated by emulation using real and synthetic traffic matrices. The results show that this solution outperforms the routing algorithms based on Dijkstra’s algorithm and RSIR in relation to stretch, packet loss, and delay. Moreover, the results obtained demonstrate that DRSIR provides a practical and feasible solution for routing in SDN. |
15,779 | Please write an abstract with title: Designing an archival Satellite transmitter for life-long deployments on oceanic vertebrates: the life history transmitter, and key words: Transmitters, Satellites, History, Animals, Telemetry, Computer errors, Fault detection, Fault tolerance, Computer simulation, Marine technology. Abstract: Despite the widespread use of sophisticated telemetry transmitters in behavioral, physiological and ecological studies, few studies on population dynamics of oceanic vertebrates use such technology, primarily due to the difficulty of obtaining multi-year records from individual animals. We present the first telemetry transmitter specifically designed for collecting vital data from marine vertebrates over extended periods, up to a decade. The implantable Life History Transmitter records data throughout the life of a host animal. After the host animal dies, the tag is extruded, and, while floating on the ocean or lying on a beach, transmits previously stored data to orbiting satellites. For tags relying solely on end-of-deployment transmission, reliability and proper recognition of tag state is crucial. The Life History Transmitter uses heuristic tag state determination, in combination with simple error detection and fault tolerance measures, to increase tag reliability and likelihood of data recovery. We used a computer simulation of tag deployments and various sensor failures on a PC platform, in combination with time-accelerated simulations running on the actual deployment platform, to test the functionality of fault tolerance and error detection protocols. |
15,780 | Please write an abstract with title: Backward-to-Forward Wide-Angle Fast Beam-Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna With Consistent Gain, and key words: Microstrip, Microstrip antennas, Gain, Dispersion, Impedance matching, Radar imaging. Abstract: A planar periodic leaky-wave antenna (PLWA) with continuous backward-to-forward beam-scanning capability and consistent gain is presented. The PLWA is made of a new type of periodically arranging meander line structures, in which the capacitive coupling between neighboring units plays the key role in achieving a high scanning rate. In detail, the beam-scanning rate of the proposed PLWA is efficiently tuned by varying the gap between two adjacent units, without considerably changing the working frequency band. To mitigate the open stopband (OSB) and to improve the impedance matching, several inductive open stubs are introduced into a single meander line unit cell to enhance the radiation. In the experiment, a prototype of the proposed PLWA was fabricated and measured. The simulated and measured beams show good agreement in terms of scanning range and radiation performance. A continuous beam scanning from −60° to +58° through broadside in the frequency band of 5.95–7.1 GHz is observed, and hence, a 102.6°/GHz scanning rate is realized in practice. Besides, the PLWA shows an average gain level of 11.96 dBi with a variation lower than 2 dB and a sidelobe below −10 dB at all the measured frequencies. The proposed PLWA may have potential applications in radar, microwave imaging, and wireless communication due to its compact structure, easy to fabricate, and dispersionless performance. |
15,781 | Please write an abstract with title: A Wideband Folded Dipole Antenna With Stable Radiation Patterns Under Multiresonant Modes, and key words: Dipole antennas, Antenna radiation patterns, Impedance, Broadband antennas, Wideband, Strips, Power transmission lines. Abstract: A novel wideband folded dipole antenna (FDA) with stable radiation patterns under multiresonant modes is proposed in this communication. First, by lengthening and widening the driven strip of an FDA, the input resistance of its 1st- and 3rd-order modes declines significantly. Second, the driven and non-driven strips are further widened at a fixed ratio to achieve better impedance matching. Third, a pair of open-slot loops (OSLs) is advisably added to compress the resonant frequency of the 5th-order mode close to that of the 3rd-order mode for bandwidth improvement. Finally, a prototype is fabricated to provide experimental verification of the idea, and measured results show that the proposed FDA has a bandwidth of about 82% from 1.72 to 4.10 GHz, which exhibits a good agreement between measurement and simulation. In particular, the proposed FDA obtains stable radiation patterns in the entire operating band. |
15,782 | Please write an abstract with title: Rheology based modeling and design of particle laden polymeric thermal interface materials, and key words: Rheology, Polymers, Thermal conductivity, Thermal resistance, Conducting materials, Contact resistance, Analytical models, Predictive models, Thermal stresses, Surface resistance. Abstract: Most of the research on particle laden polymeric (PLP) thermal interface materials (TIM) has primarily dealt with the understanding of the thermal conductivity of these types of TIMs. For thermal design reduction of the thermal resistance is the end goal. Thermal resistance is not only dependent on the thermal conductivity, but also on the bond line thickness (BLT) of these TIMs. This paper introduces a rheology based model for the prediction of the BLT of these TIMs from very low to very high pressures. BLT depends on the yield stress of the particle laden polymer and the applied pressure. The model is based on the concept of finite size scaling of physical properties of particle laden systems at very thin length scale due to percolation phenomenon in these materials. This paper shows that the yield stress of the PLP increases with decreasing thickness of the TIM and therefore it is size dependent. The BLT model combined with the thermal conductivity model can be used for modeling the thermal resistance of these TIMs for factors such as particle volume fraction, substrate/die size, pressure and particle diameter. |
15,783 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and implementation of a smart radar absorber, and key words: Frequency, Optical reflection, Radar cross section, Optical receivers, Transmission line theory, Power engineering and energy, Passive radar, Interference, Phase modulation, Bandwidth. Abstract: In this paper we have introduced a new topology for a digitally-controlled smart radar absorbing structure based on the phase-switched screen and presented initial experimental data which support the theoretical concept. |
15,784 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparative Analysis between Binary Grey Wolf and Binary Bat Optimization for Optimal PMU Placement with Complete Observability, and key words: Power measurement, Measurement units, Redundancy, Phasor measurement units, Power systems, Observability, Optimization. Abstract: This paper presents the comparative analysis between the binary grey wolf optimization (BGWO) and the binary bat algorithm (BBA) to find the solution of the optimal PMU placement (OPP) problem by minimizing the number of phasor measurement units (PMUs) with maximum measurement redundancy to achieve complete observability of the power system. The proposed techniques have been implemented on various IEEE standard buses such as 14 bus, 30 bus, 57 bus and 118 bus system both under the normal condition as well as contingency condition like single PMU loss. The comparative results show that BGWO is more efficient than the BBA approach. |
15,785 | Please write an abstract with title: 3D model based gesture acquisition using a single camera, and key words: Cameras, Biological system modeling, Humans, Hidden Markov models, Cost function, Weapons, Machine vision, Computer vision, Solid modeling, Color. Abstract: We present a method for 3D human motion capture using a single camera, without markers and without a priori knowledge on gestures. It is based on registering a 3D articulated model on color images with respect to biomechanical constraints. Gestures regularization is discussed as a way to cope with projection ambiguities. Computation is reduced by registering only the moving parts of the body. |
15,786 | Please write an abstract with title: A corpus for comparative evaluation of OCR software and postcorrection techniques, and key words: Optical character recognition software, Natural languages, Image recognition, Testing, Text analysis, Computational Intelligence Society, Character recognition, Application software, Image reconstruction. Abstract: We describe a new corpus collected for comparative evaluation of OCR-software and postcorrection techniques. The corpus is freely available for academic groups and use. The major part of the corpus (2306 files) consists of Bulgarian documents. Many of these documents come with Cyrillic and Latin symbols. A smaller corpus with German documents has been added. All original documents represent real-life paper documents collected from enterprises and organizations. Most genres of written language and various document types are covered. The corpus contains the corresponding image files, rich meta-data textual files obtained via OCR recognition, ground truth data for hundreds of example pages, and alignment software for experiments. |
15,787 | Please write an abstract with title: High-speed ultra-accurate direct C2W bonding, and key words: Substrates, Cameras, Bonding, Magnetic heads, Vibrations, Tools, Uncertainty. Abstract: Chip-to-wafer hybrid bonding is needed as contact pitch and pad size decrease to the single micrometer range (5 micrometer or lower). Here, classical bonding technologies like themo-compression bonding and flip-chip with mass reflow are no longer sufficient, and hybrid bonding emerges as an attractive alternative. While the technology is well known in wafer-to-wafer processing, for chip-to-wafer at industrial speed and accuracy, new placement technologies and deeper understanding of accuracy behavior during the bonding process both are essential. This paper describes new optical recognition methods for small pads for accurate in-situ alignment before the bonding stroke as well as a new bond-head design and behavior for accurate placement at 200 nm at each point of the die, including large dies, and at speeds of 2000 units per hour. |
15,788 | Please write an abstract with title: Viscose Ferrofluid in Low Speed Magnetic Gears, and key words: Ferrofluid, Magnetic gears, Rotors, Velocity control, Torque, Friction, Permanent magnets. Abstract: In this paper is proposed a magnetic gear design with viscose ferrofluid between rotors. It is supposed to operate in low rotational speeds where the dynamic viscose friction is very low. Results about power and torque transmission are obtained by finite element method modeling. Effects of the viscose ferrofluid over the magnetic gear efficiency are estimated. |
15,789 | Please write an abstract with title: Typical forage image recognition method based on U-Net network, and key words: Degradation, Image recognition, Atmospheric modeling, Conferences, Vegetation mapping, Pest control, Autonomous aerial vehicles. Abstract: In view of the low degree of monitoring and digitization of desertification grassland in Inner Mongolia, this paper constructs an improved network model based on U-Net network and Mobile network based on using unmanned air vehicle to obtain images of desertification grassland. The typical forage grasses stipa longiflora, kochia prostrate, alfalfa, vicia costata and agropyron cristatum in decertified grassland were classified and distinguish. The experimental results show that the improved U-Net network model can effectively realize the classification and identification of forage grass. The Kappa value of the network model is 84.8%, the overall accuracy is 89.9%, and the classification result is reliable. It can provide a scientific basis for monitoring vegetation species diversity, grass species degradation and pest control. |
15,790 | Please write an abstract with title: Utilisation of the atomic clock for an offshore position fixing reference, and key words: Frequency, Master-slave, Tellurium, Oscillators, Interference, Stability, Ovens, Radiofrequency identification, Foot, Transmitting antennas. Abstract: In discussing the utilisation and application of atomic frequency standards to conventional hyperbolic or phase comparison position fixing systems, a rudimentary knowledge of the positioning system's operation and the specifications of the frequency standard selected for the experiment must first be appreciated. The paper discusses the basic position fixing system, the frequency standard and their subsequent integration and application to precise positioning in offshore activities. |
15,791 | Please write an abstract with title: Models and algorithms for tracking using trans-dimensional sequential Monte Carlo, and key words: Monte Carlo methods, Signal processing algorithms, Filtering, State estimation, Particle filters, Target tracking, Trajectory, Data engineering, Bayesian methods, Robustness. Abstract: We discuss modifications to tracking models, and sequential Monte Carlo algorithms for their estimation from sequential and batch data. New models for tracking are proposed which involve a dynamical model on both the hidden state value and its arrival times. In this way we aim to have a more flexible and parsimonious representation of time-varying state characteristics which is more amenable to estimation using Bayesian filtering. In order to perform inference in this scenario, new particle filters and smoothers are proposed for cases where the state process arrives at unknown times that are generally different from the observation arrival times. |
15,792 | Please write an abstract with title: Achieving periodic leg trajectories to evolve a quadruped gallop, and key words: Leg, Robots, Legged locomotion, Evolutionary computation, Stochastic processes, Biomimetics, Resonance light scattering, Genetic algorithms, Optimization methods, Hydraulic actuators. Abstract: For most large quadrupedal mammals, galloping is the preferred gait for high-speed locomotion. In this paper we evolve a gallop gait in a simulated quadruped robot at speeds from 3.0 to 10.0 m/s. To do so, we must generate periodic trajectories for the body and legs. An evolutionary algorithm known as set-based stochastic optimization (SBSO) is used to find the body trajectory while alternative methods are used to find periodic leg trajectories. The focus of this paper will be to evaluate three different methods for generating periodic leg trajectories. The combined solutions for the body and legs yield biological characteristics that are emergent properties of the underlying high-speed dynamic running gait. |
15,793 | Please write an abstract with title: Emotion Recognition by Deep Learning and Cloud Access, and key words: Deep learning, Learning systems, Cloud computing, Emotion recognition, Face recognition, Organizations, Digital cameras. Abstract: This paper proposes detection of emotions by facial expressions based on the deep learning concept. This facial recognition plays a vital role in many domains. Basically, this paper tends to all categorical our emotions with the facilitate of words or expressions. This paper enforced associate degree feeling recognition by victimization deep learning conception. Here we've taken many datasets, of specific expressions like happy, sad, angry, fear, etc., this is processed by python code that gets our facial articulation through a camera. At that point, utilizing a profound learning methodology dependent on the attentional regular organization, which can focus on fundamental pieces of the face and accomplishes extraordinary upgrades over past models on numerous informational collections, including FERG, CK+, FER-2013, and JAFFE, measure it utilizing a profound learning system dependent on the attentional customary organization, which is equipped for zeroing in on critical pieces of the face and accomplishes incredible enhancements over past models on various informational indexes, including FER-2013, CK+, FER It additionally utilizes a perceptual strategy that may recognize significant facial regions to distinguish enthusiastic contrasts ,various feelings give off an impression of being receptive to various areas of the face, as proven by this investigation. Then this data is shipped off a cloud which can be accessed utilizing the IP address the webpage has, the number of persons face data is recognized and percentage of different emotion in a pie chart. The expressions is seen through a digital camera and that we have conjointly used a cloud platform wherever we will store the info. The data is keep within the variety of videos (recorded). |
15,794 | Please write an abstract with title: Unmanned Aerial Systems for Indoor Inspection in Industrial Sites: System Architecture, Sensors, and Simulation Techniques, and key words: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Corrosion Inspection, System Architecture. Abstract: Corrosion is a major problem in industrial facilities and marine vessels, leading to structural damage, safety risks, and expensive maintenance. Using UAVs for corrosion inspection offers several benefits, including improved operator safety, increased efficiency, and enhanced risk assessment. High-resolution cameras and specialized sensors allow for quick and accurate assessments of hard-to-reach areas, eliminating the need for manual inspections. Additionally, UAVs can capture visual data, including images of irregular surfaces and ultrasonic thickness measurements, which are crucial for comprehensive analysis. This paper discusses a new solution for efficient corrosion inspection and management using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with advanced sensors and autonomous flight capabilities. It explores potential methodologies and techniques for visual inspection, localization, and navigation, aiming to implement, simulate, and construct an effective inspection system. |
15,795 | Please write an abstract with title: A Space-Time Modulated Distributed Antenna Array for Multiple Target Angle Estimation, and key words: Transmitting antennas, Redundancy, Radio transmitters, Receiving antennas, Signal resolution, Antenna arrays, Interferometers. Abstract: This paper presents a method to estimate the angle of multiple targets using a millimeter-wave distributed antenna array with a single transmit and three receive elements. The three receive elements are placed on a minimum redundancy layout forming three correlation interferometers with unique baselines. The transmitter emits a linear frequency modulated signal from 36 to 39.5 GHz which generates a space-time modulated radiation pattern. Each interferometer captures the angle information of each target with a simple frequency estimation. The ambiguities of multiple targets are resolved by combining the detections common to each baseline. Experimental results of the detection of multiple targets are presented. |
15,796 | Please write an abstract with title: Invited Talk: Emerging Role of Digital Assistant in Augmented Reality Driven Human-City Interaction, and key words: Augmented reality, Smart cities, Mars, Conferences, Smart devices, Headphones. Abstract: This keynote presentation will discuss the unique research issues and challenges in the intersection between augmented reality and smart cities. Designing interaction approaches for Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) in city-wide urban scenarios are receiving rising attention. In our envisioned framework of Human-City Interaction, we foresee that MAR with complementary digital assistant will become critical enablers for immersive interaction in our smart cities. The proposed framework is on the basis of numerous works on MAR interaction design. We will discuss several illustrative examples to elaborate on the framework and accordingly highlight the importance of the digital assistant. The presentation will be concluded with future directions for Human-City Interaction. |
15,797 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic location update strategy in LEO systems, and key words: Low earth orbit satellites, Paging strategies, Mobile radio mobility management, Satellite communication, Delay, Wireless networks, Telecommunication traffic, Costs, Artificial satellites, Satellite antennas. Abstract: The performance of location management is an important aspect of mobility management in the LEO systems. Because of the high speed of the satellite, the location management based only on the footprint of the satellite is not efficient as it in the terrestrial networks. This paper introduces a hybrid dynamic location update scheme in LEO networks. The scheme imposes the different strategy to the different mobile users according to their velocity. For the quasi-static terminals, the location update area is comprised of the footprint of the satellite; for the high-speed terminals, the location update area is decided on the movement of the mobile user, for other users, the location update area is decided on the CMR parameters. Through the simulation based on the iridium, we found that the HDLA strategy can efficiently decrease the cost used in location management. |
15,798 | Please write an abstract with title: Designing Dashboard for Procurement with Circular Economy Concept Based on Enterprise Resource Planning System in MSMEs, and key words: ERP, circular economy, procurement, key performance indicator, dashboard. Abstract: The manufacturing sector positively impacts the Indonesian economy but concurrently contributes to industrial waste generation, posing environmental concerns. The government aims to establish a green industry by adopting the circular economy concept to address this. A system displaying process performance, considering ecological aspects, needs designing for successful implementation. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) will be referenced during system development. A dashboard will be created to visualize these KPIs, integrating diverse data sources to empower decision- makers with meaningful insights. Implementing this dashboard will enhance efficiency in procurement, encompassing time management, cost optimization, and forecasting. By incorporating circular economy principles into procurement, Indonesia can support the growth of eco-friendly industries, emphasizing zero-waste production practices. The study will commence with an overview of implementing an ERP system with circular economy concepts for procurement, followed by a literature review to establish a theoretical foundation. The research methodology will then be elucidated, leading to the generation of KPI analysis and dashboard design. Ultimately, a conclusive summary will be provided. |
15,799 | Please write an abstract with title: A Comprehensive Dual Current Control Scheme for Inverter-Based Resources to Enable Correct Operation of Protective Relays, and key words: Circuit faults, Relays, Impedance, Inverters, Fault currents, Current control. Abstract: Directional, phase-selection, and distance elements of a relay are prone to misoperation in the presence of inverter-based resources (IBRs). To address these problems, modifications of relay elements as well as new control schemes for IBRs have been proposed in the literature. These methods focus mainly on addressing the misoperation of only one of the above relay elements. The available solutions that are based on a new control system focus only on the negative-sequence current loop. Thus, they work only for unbalanced faults. This paper proposes a comprehensive dual current control scheme for IBRs during all types of faults such that all of these relay elements operate correctly. The proposed method controls the IBR to operate as a voltage source behind a virtual impedance in the positive-sequence circuit, and a single impedance in the negative-sequence circuit, thereby emulating the phase angles of a synchronous generator's (SG's) fault current. The proposed method also maximizes the active, and reactive current generation of the IBR during faults, and emulates the incremental sequence current magnitudes of an SG. The proposed method does not require altering the relay elements. Moreover, correct operation of the relay elements is achieved regardless of the fault type, resistance, and location. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through not only simulation studies, but also hardware-in-the-loop testing of commercial relays. |
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