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15,900 | Please write an abstract with title: A Hardware Switch Level Simulator for Large MOS Circuits, and key words: Switches, Hardware, Switching circuits, Circuit simulation, Computational modeling, Timing, Costs, DRAM chips, MOS devices, Computer interfaces. Abstract: The HSS is a Hardware Switch level Simulator that has been designed and built to be a useful and cost effective addition to a MOS circuit designers tool set. The HSS is based on the MOSSIM software simulator, but has been further developed to include hardware for simulating pass transistor circuits and for doing timing simulation. By using dynamic RAM for internal list storage, a single HSS processor can accommodate a circuit of up to 262,144 MOS devices. The HSS can be interfaced to a variety of host computers via a general purpose parallel interface, and in its current form offers a 25 times speed improvement compared to MOSSIM II running on a VAX 11-780. Timing mode offers similar speed advantages, with delay calculations that are sufficiently accurate for many simulation tasks. |
15,901 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-person Daily Activity Recognition with Non-contact Sensors based on Activity Co-occurrence, and key words: Transfer learning, Senior citizens, Medical services, Activity recognition, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Sensors, History. Abstract: Recognizing the activities of daily living (ADLs) for a multi-person residence is necessary for the provision of smart services, such as health care and behavior change support in “real-world” home environments. Especially, activity recognition by non-contact sensors, such as infrared sensors, is required for monitoring elderly people who are reluctant to wear devices or install cameras. However, an ADL recognition system for a multi-person environment using non-contact sensors has not been proposed due to the difficulty of identifying individual residents. In this study, we analyzed the data collected from ordinary homes with multiple residents with our ADL sensing system, consisting of only non-contact sensors, and developed a method for recognizing ADLs in multi-person environments. In a multi-person environment, multiple residents often simultaneously perform the same activity, such as sleeping, but they also frequently perform different mutually related activities at the same time, such as one person eating while another person is cooking. Hence, to recognize multi-person ADLs, we used co-occurrence relationships between the multi-person ADLs in each home as knowledge, and developed a machine learning model that used the co-occurrence of each resident’s activity history as a feature. To evaluate the proposed method, we conducted a one-month ADL sensing experiment in four ordinary homes under conditions of multi-person and non-scripted living. The results of the analysis with a deep neural network showed that the method of considering co-occurrence of multi-person ADLs improved the recognition accuracy by 5%, giving a weighted F-measure of 66.7%. |
15,902 | Please write an abstract with title: Exploring extreme programming in context: an industrial case study, and key words: Computer aided software engineering, Productivity, Programming profession, Computer science, Educational institutions, Performance evaluation, Graphical user interfaces, Data analysis, Lead, Hydrogen. Abstract: A longitudinal case study evaluating the effects of adopting the extreme programming (XP) methodology was performed at Sabre Airline Solutions/spl trade/. The Sabre team was a characteristically agile team in that they had no need to scale or re-scope XP for their project parameters and organizational environment. The case study compares two releases of the same product. One release was completed just prior to the team's adoption of the XP methodology, and the other was completed after approximately two years of XP use. Comparisons of the new release project results to the old release project results show a 50% increase in productivity, a 65% improvement in pre-release quality, and a 35% improvement in post-release quality. These findings suggest that, over time, adopting the XP process can result in increased productivity and quality. |
15,903 | Please write an abstract with title: Drone-assisted Edge Computing: a game-theoretical approach, and key words: Servers, Drones, Bandwidth, Games, Delays, Edge computing, 5G mobile communication. Abstract: Edge computing is an evolution of cloud computing, which brings application hosting from centralized data-centers down to the network edge, closer to mobile users and IoT devices. In this paper we focus on scenarios where edge computing is implemented by way of drones which behave as mobile edge servers and provide storage and processing services to offload data and maintain ubiquitous connectivity. In this scenario, Servers (i.e., drones) behave as sellers of network functions and Users (i.e. IoT devices) act as buyers, and interact with each other. To model these interactions, in this paper we exploit a two-stage Stackelberg game; we also show that a unique equilibrium and convergence point for the game exists, which can be reached by way of a simple reinforcement learning algorithm. |
15,904 | Please write an abstract with title: Overhead Evaluation of Bi-directional Data Exchange between OM2M and LWM2M using MQTT, and key words: Machine-to-machine communications, Conferences, Bidirectional control, Synchronization, Consumer electronics, Convergence. Abstract: Although machine-to-machine (M2M) frameworks, e.g., OneM2M and LWM2M, supports to interwork together, they may only provide uni-directional data convergence, i.e., from LWM2M to OneM2M. This paper studies and investigates the overhead of achieve bi-directional data exchange between two M2M frameworks using MQTT. In most conditions, the synchronization between two M2M frameworks may not add too much extra burden except the resource write procedure. |
15,905 | Please write an abstract with title: An Algorithm for Constructing the Optimal Code Trees for Binary Alphabetic AIFV-m Codes, and key words: Heuristic algorithms, Conferences, Iterative algorithms, Dynamic programming, Delays, Iterative decoding, Optimization. Abstract: We call the alphabetic version of the AIFV-m code the alphabetic AIFV-m codes. This paper defines binary alphabetic AIFV-m codes and proposes an algorithm to design the optimal binary alphabetic AIFV-m codes in terms of the minimum average codeword length for stationary memoryless sources. The proposed method is based on an iterative optimization algorithm and a dynamic programming algorithm. |
15,906 | Please write an abstract with title: Catastrophe Risk Management for Electric Power Distribution Systems: An Insurance Approach, and key words: Insurance, Tropical cyclones, Loss measurement, Risk management, Mathematical models, Resilience, Switches. Abstract: High-impact, low-probability catastrophes may cause equipment damage, customer outages and serious economic losses to an aging power distribution infrastructure with low redundancy and automation. To cope with catastrophe risks faced by distribution systems (DSs), insurance is proposed as a supplement to existing resilience enhancement measures, which can provide financial aid in recovery after disasters, as well as incentives to make DSs more resilient to potential hazards. This calls for a quantitative assessment for insurance pricing that can not only predict potential losses caused by future catastrophes but also evaluate the effect of risk management measures. In this paper, a four-module actuarial framework, including hazard, vulnerability, resilience, and insurance modules, is developed to assess the catastrophe risks of DSs. Based on Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and mixed integer linear programming (MILP), the dynamic characteristics of disasters, random failures of equipment, control measures including fault isolation, load transfer, line patrolling, manual switching, and fault repair, are comprehensively incorporated in the premium determination of catastrophe insurance. Numerical simulations are performed on the modified IEEE 33-bus test systems to illustrate the validity of the proposed catastrophe insurance schemes. |
15,907 | Please write an abstract with title: Underwater observation system using Autonomous Towed Vehicle, and key words: Remotely operated vehicles, Underwater vehicles, Mobile robots, Marine animals, Vehicle dynamics, Hydrodynamics, Testing, Stability, Prototypes, Virtual manufacturing. Abstract: On the project of the improvement of Tokyo Bay Waterway, it was needed to take a picture to confirm the effect of the artificial fish reefs constructed by the ruined blocks of the Third Fort of Tokyo Bay. However, in this sea area, the current is fast and the water depth is too deep for diver's work. Therefore, to develop a new system in order to carry out viewing work safely and efficiently was required. An underwater observation system using "autonomous towed vehicle" was proposed and the dynamic characteristic of the system was investigated by the basic motion simulation. Moreover, the hydrodynamic coefficients were determined by the results of the towing tank test. After the stability of the towed vehicle was verified by the examination based on the experimental data, the body of the prototype model was manufactured. This paper discusses the total control system of the vehicle including the collision avoidance method with the obstacle. And the result of the field experiment which uses existing AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) aiming to confirm the feasibility of the U-GIS (Underwater Geographic Information System) using AUV is also described. |
15,908 | Please write an abstract with title: Inference, and key words: Training, Task analysis, Support vector machines, Data models, Training data, Machine learning algorithms, Inference algorithms. Abstract: The second stage of the audio content analysis system, the <i>inference</i>, takes the extracted features and maps them into a domain both usable and comprehensible by humans. The most intuitive classifier is simply the application of a threshold: if a feature value is higher than a threshold G, choose class 1; otherwise, class 0. A common classifier is the <i>Nearest Neighbor</i> classifier. The <i>Random Forest</i> classifier utilizes concepts from ensemble learning. Regression analysis also models the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. Similar to classifiers, this model maps the input to the output. Algorithms for <i>clustering</i> are usually unsupervised and are especially useful for exploratory analysis. A large variety of distance measures exists, and different distance measures are suited to different tasks, data representations, and spaces. |
15,909 | Please write an abstract with title: Stochastic Modeling of Vehicle Arrival for the UK's First Electric Vehicle Charging Forecourt, and key words: Stochastic processes, Transportation, Electric vehicle charging, Batteries, Smart grids, State of charge, Load modeling. Abstract: Increased attention is paid to reducing the greenhouse gases resulting from combustion processes either from energy generation stations or the transportation sector. Countries are setting rules and targets to govern this issue and electrification of transportation is spreading. One of the motivations for people use electric vehicles may be the availability of rapid charging stations which function similarly to the conventional fuel stations (forecourts). The UK's first solar EV charging forecourt is being built and commissioned with a 5 MWh on-site battery to store energy from a solar farm and to enable arbitrage for grid services. To enable optimum site operation, predicting the arrival of electric vehicles at different times of the day and hence the load demand, determines the availability of the battery for bulk power supply or fast-frequency response to the grid. This paper presents the outline of a stochastic model for the electric vehicle arrival and charging at the site using the concept of vehicle population-types. The model considers the stochastic nature of different parameters controlling the charging process e.g. the charging start time and the state of charge (SoC) at start of the charging session. |
15,910 | Please write an abstract with title: A multipath algorithm for premium traffic routing in Diffserv networks, and key words: Telecommunication traffic, Routing, Intelligent networks, Traffic control, Bandwidth, Heuristic algorithms, Diffserv networks, Quality of service, Laboratories, Delay. Abstract: Premium class is the most prioritized service class in the differentiated service network model. Due to this high priority, the global treatment of the premium traffic strongly affects the low priority classes. In order to reduce this inter-class effect, the routing algorithm used to make the premium paths must minimize the premium load over the network links. This problem, known as optimal premium routing (OPR), is NP-hard. Hence, heuristic algorithms are needed to solve it. All previous works on OPR try to find only one path for the premium traffic between every pair of nodes. Thus, they are applicable merely under low premium loads and as the traffic load increases, they result in high premium congestion in the network. In this paper, we present a multipath scheme to handle OPR problem and propose a distributed routing solution, called multipath premium routing (MPR), to overcome inefficiency of single path routing algorithms. Simulation results shows that MPR elegantly distributes the premium traffic over the whole network and performs better especially in complex and highly-loaded networks. |
15,911 | Please write an abstract with title: Image multi-label learning algorithm based on label correlation, and key words: Correlation, Computational modeling, Semantics, Training data, Data models, Probability distribution, Classification algorithms. Abstract: Aiming at the problem of image multi-label classification, the number of sample label categories is large, the output space of corresponding multi-label classification increases exponentially, and the training data is lacking. This paper proposes an image multi-label learning algorithm based on the label correlation residual network-tree model. The algorithm is based on the residual network-tree model for each label category in the sample corresponding to a branch, and independently trains a classifier; the semantic correlation between the labels in the sample is used to select training data for the classifier, and avoid the interference of the missing labels in the sample to the classifier, while at the same time train with the residual network-tree model. The experiment was conducted on the large-scale multi-label data set: Pascal VOC 2007 images. And the results showed that the algorithm proposed in the article was superior to mainstream multi-label classification algorithms in the classification effect of experimental data sets. |
15,912 | Please write an abstract with title: Modal crosstalk suppression using digital multi-probe time reversal through free-space turbulence and multimode fiber, and key words: Multiplexing, Crosstalk, Laser modes, Standards, Fiber lasers, Electrooptic effects. Abstract: We demonstrate that digital multi-probe time reversal can effectively suppress crosstalk for mode-division multiplexing. The performance of multi-probe time reversal is experimentally characterized over a 340-m free-space link and a 1-km standard multimode fiber. |
15,913 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Experimental Verification of Segmented Rotor Structure on Rotor Eddy Current Loss of High-Speed Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Machine, and key words: Permanent magnet machines, Conferences, Rotors, Synchronous motors, Permanent magnets, Finite element analysis, Eddy currents. Abstract: The rotor eddy current loss (RECL) is quite significant in the high-speed surface-mounted permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor, and there are various ways to reduce the RECL. In this paper, the influence of four segmented rotor structures (axially segmented sleeve, circumferentially segmented PMs, axially segmented PMs, sleeve and PMs are segmented along the axial and circumferential directions respectively) on RECL is studied through three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA). Based on this, the applicability of the rotor segmented structure to the RECL dissipation with different sleeve materials is further analyzed. Finally, the C-core experiment was used to verify the suppression effect of different segmented rotor structures on the RECL. |
15,914 | Please write an abstract with title: Micro-blog Short Text Clustering Algorithm Based on Bootstrapping, and key words: Clustering algorithms, Feature extraction, Machine learning algorithms, Data mining, Blogs, Classification algorithms, Probabilistic logic. Abstract: In micro-blog short text clustering, the amount of text information contained in micro-blog short text is small, with timeliness, sparseness and singularity, so the artificial selection of attribute words has some limitations. This paper puts forward the feature extraction of text information in micro-blog using Bootstrapping algorithm, it can choose the higher theme information reflect the characteristics of words, and then use the improved TFIDF algorithm to calculate the weight of micro-blog based text clustering. Finally, K-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster micro-blog short text. The experimental results show that the clustering algorithm of micro-blog short text proposed in this paper is better than other algorithms, which improves the clustering effect of micro-blog short text. |
15,915 | Please write an abstract with title: Prosodic Representation Learning and Contextual Sampling for Neural Text-to-Speech, and key words: Training, Message passing, Conferences, Bit error rate, Signal processing, Acoustics, Speech synthesis. Abstract: In this paper, we introduce Kathaka, a model trained with a novel two-stage training process for neural speech synthesis with contextually appropriate prosody. In Stage I, we learn a prosodic distribution at the sentence level from mel-spectrograms available during training. In Stage II, we propose a novel method to sample from this learnt prosodic distribution using the contextual information available in text. To do this, we use BERT on text, and graph-attention networks on parse trees extracted from text. We show a statistically significant relative improvement of 13.2% in naturalness over a strong baseline when compared to recordings. We also conduct an ablation study on variations of our sampling technique, and show a statistically significant improvement over the baseline in each case. |
15,916 | Please write an abstract with title: Efficient and Secure Attribute-Based Access Control With Identical Sub-Policies Frequently Used in Cloud Storage, and key words: Cloud computing, Access control, Encryption, Computational modeling, Information science. Abstract: Under the assumption of honest-but-curious cloud service provider, various cryptographic techniques have been used to address the issues of data access control and confidentiality in public cloud storage. Among which, attribute-based encryption (ABE) has been shown to be an attractive scheme. Although the technique of ABE brings in various benefits, its onerous overhead should not be ignored. In this article, based on an improved LSSS (linear secret sharing scheme) matrix expression integrated in CP-ABE (Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption) algorithm, we present an efficient and secure attribute-based access control scheme for the scenarios where multiple data are shared and encrypted with frequently used sub-policies. In the scheme, a user can store the parameters about a specific sub-policy in his/her first decryption, which can be reused in the subsequent data decryptions whose embedded access policies include the same sub-policy so as to significantly reduce the computation cost. Our proposed scheme is proved to be semantically secure under chosen plaintext attacks and can well preserve the confidentiality of the data sharing system. Our analysis and experimentation also show that our scheme does significantly reduce the decryption time and while trades in only very little storage overhead, and thus effectively promotes the efficiency. |
15,917 | Please write an abstract with title: Security in Internet of Things: A Review, and key words: Internet of Things, Security, Blockchains, Wireless communication, Protocols, Edge computing, Authentication. Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) is the paramount virtual network that enables remote users to access connected multimedia devices. It has dragged the attention of the community because it encompasses real-world scenarios with implicit environs. Despite several beneficial aspects, IoT is surrounded by provocations for successful implementation, as data travels in different layers. One of the critical challenges is the security of the data in these layers. Researchers conducted numerous studies focusing on the level of security at a single technique, creating loopholes to address the entire scenario of securing an IoT network. This study aims to comprehensively review current security issues, wireless communication techniques, and technologies for securing IoT. This work’s utmost significance is addressing all the security perspectives at a glance. For this purpose, research contributions from the previous years are investigated for better understanding. Some countermeasures and snags from security perspectives have also been analyzed in detail concerning the current industry trends. Blockchain, machine learning, fog, and edge computing are possible solutions to secure IoT. After studying these techniques and their immunity to attacks, machine learning can become a hope if incorporated with end-to-end security. This comprehensive review will provide adequate understanding and knowledge in defining security lines of action for the successful implementation of IoT. |
15,918 | Please write an abstract with title: Wrist Force Myography (FMG) Exploitation for Finger Signs Distinguishing, and key words: Robot sensing systems, Force, Wrist, Support vector machines, Databases, Testing, Gesture recognition. Abstract: The Force Myography (FMG) is an non-invasive technique where force sensitive resistors (FSRs) are used on the surface of the skin to detect the volumetric variations in the underlying muscles and tendons complex. Recent works have proposed various FMG systems for gesture recognition with a big number of sensors or combined systems with other sensors such as electromyography to identify gestures with objects interaction or force level variation. This paper propose two FMG detection systems with minimal number of FSR sensors (four and eight) for American sign language recognition based on raw FMG with implementation of Extreme learning machine (ELM) for evaluating the accuracy of nine ALS alphabet recognition. The first feasibility test for ALS sign detection with FMG systems was tested with one subject with an ELM accuracy of 78% with four sensors and 97.90 % with eight and the minimal efficient sensor number was preliminary investigated in the second band. Other nine subjects tested the sight sensor band which resulted an ELM accuracy of 83,30% for identification of nine ALS signs from 10 subjects while the SVM resulted an accuracy of 64,9 with the same database. |
15,919 | Please write an abstract with title: Why students’ self-regulation is key towards the new normality?, and key words: COVID-19, Pandemics, Conferences, Microcomputers, Engineering education. Abstract: The COVID19 pandemic caught everyone unprepared. The onsite education paradigm that seemed so stable was completely shaken. Here, we present the results of a study in which 620 university students adapted to online activities with a different degree of guidance in terms of deadlines. While results show a lack of self-regulations in both iterations, results show that students spend more time on activities with tighter deadlines and more strict instructions. In addition, a not inconsiderable number of students were affected by the lack of a personal computer or an adequate workspace what raises the need to consider those students during the design of assessment activities on such adverse conditions. |
15,920 | Please write an abstract with title: How Low Can You Go? Reducing Frequency and Time Resolution in Current CNN Architectures for Music Auto-tagging, and key words: Training, Time-frequency analysis, Memory, Computer architecture, Tagging, Data models, Task analysis. Abstract: Automatic tagging of music is an important research topic in Music Information Retrieval and audio analysis algorithms proposed for this task have achieved improvements with advances in deep learning. In particular, many state-of-the-art systems use Convolutional Neural Networks and operate on mel-spectrogram representations of the audio. In this paper, we compare commonly used mel-spectrogram representations and evaluate model performances that can be achieved by reducing the input size in terms of both lesser amount of frequency bands and larger frame rates. We use the MagnaTagaTune dataset for comprehensive performance comparisons and then compare selected configurations on the larger Million Song Dataset. The results of this study can serve researchers and practitioners in their trade-off decision between accuracy of the models, data storage size and training and inference times. |
15,921 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimal Design of PCB Layout Based on Thermal Analysis Using Taguchi Method, and key words: Temperature distribution, Rapid thermal processing, Silicon carbide, Layout, Printed circuits, Prototypes, Power electronics. Abstract: The power density of power electronics systems and the temperature of components on Printed circuit boards (PCB) are increasing higher and higher with the rapid development of power electronic technology, and optimizing the layout of PCB based on thermal analysis is becoming more and more important. A thermal simulating model of PCB in a self-developed controller for electric vehicles was built and the layout of components on PCB was optimized using Taguchi Method in this paper. The optimization process was carried out and the locally optimal solution was analyzed and verified by the simulation. |
15,922 | Please write an abstract with title: An Efficient Protocol of Queries for Large and Small Categories in RFID Systems, and key words: Protocols, Radiofrequency identification, Estimation, Hash functions, Internet of Things, Indexes, Servers. Abstract: One of the most important problems for categorized radio-frequency identification systems is to find large categories and small categories. In this article, we propose a protocol that can find the large categories and the small categories quickly. The protocol uses multiple hash pairs to allocate as many tag categories as possible to distinct slots to estimate the sizes of the tag categories. Specifically, we optimize the parameters by minimizing the execution time of the protocol. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol is superior to the state-of-the-art protocols. Particularly, when the length of single-one-geometric (SOG) string is 32 b, it reduces nearly 24% of the required execution time compared with the Top-k protocol and reduces 77% of the required execution time compared with the ART protocol. |
15,923 | Please write an abstract with title: Erratum to “An Advanced Equivalent Circuit Model for Linear Induction Motors” [Sep 18 7495-7503], and key words: Equivalent circuits, Magnetic flux, Induction motors. Abstract: Presents corrections to funding information from the above named paper. |
15,924 | Please write an abstract with title: Liquid Crystals in Quantum Optics: Current Experiments, Applications and Future Prospects, and key words: Self-assembly, Optical polarization, Photonic band gap, Phase modulation, Collaboration, Tunneling, Quantum optics. Abstract: A review will be presented on using liquid crystal properties of molecular alignment and self-assembly into photonic bandgap structures in quantum and nano-photonics. Advances in transparent planar optics using modulation of the geometrical (Pancharatnam-Berry) phase will be outlined. The author’s results on single-photon sources with definite polarizations and collaborative research on using liquid crystals for modeling quantum mechanical tunneling phenomena will be overviewed. Future prospects of patterned liquid crystals and topological defects in these materials will be discussed. |
15,925 | Please write an abstract with title: Using ferrite as a fast switch for improving rise time of IPNS extraction kicker, and key words: Switches, Ferrites, Saturation magnetization, Pulse circuits, Thyratrons, Transmission lines, Synchrotrons, Bellows, Low voltage, Conductors. Abstract: The Kicker system is used to extract beam from the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS). The Kicker consists of four identical pulse circuits, each providing over 3.8 kA to each magnet winding. The magnet length is restricted to the space between vacuum bellows attached to the ring magnets. This leaves 0.89 m for the magnet. To keep the voltage low the magnet conductor is broke up into 4, 1/4-turn magnet windings. Each pulse circuit consists of a Pulse Forming Network (PFN) that is charged to 50 KV. The PFN is discharged through a thyratron into a 6.3-ohm transmission line to one of the magnet windings. Our system has always had marginal rise time of around 100 ns. Although the thyratron switching time is much faster than this, losses in the transmission lines cause the slower response. By using ferrite to make a fast switch between the transmission lines and the magnet, the rise time in the magnet can be reduced. To make a fast ferrite switch, the saturation point must carefully be chosen. Parameters related to choosing the proper ferrite to provide fast saturation, at the correct current will be discussed. |
15,926 | Please write an abstract with title: A method of a repetitive sampling measurement for OTDR considering a ghost effect to a short-range measurement with a short-length fiber, and key words: Sampling methods, Distortion measurement, Delay, Clocks, Optical pulse generation, Optical reflection, Optical fibers, Optical fiber testing, Laser noise, Optical distortion. Abstract: This paper discusses implementations of a repetitive sampling measurement for OTDR considering ghost effect for short period measurement with a short-length fiber. Repetitive sampling is done to acquire higher equivalent sampling rate with a low sampling clock in the data acquisition. However, the repetitive sampling can cause misalignment of ghost reflection which produces a distortion. This study analyzes the effect of ghost on the repetitive sampling measurement result. The implementations which can be categorized based on the delay object, delaying sequence, and delay loop steps are analyzed for the distortion possibility and proposed to avoid a misaligned ghost reflection measurement. The experiment with an OTDR that has an equivalent sampling rate of 10 GHz obtained using a 10 MHz sampling clock and 100 ps delay is shown to validate the method. |
15,927 | Please write an abstract with title: Geometry Influence on the Electromagnetic Torque Calculation of a Stepper Motor, and key words: Geometry, Analytical models, Solid modeling, Torque, Numerical analysis, Atmospheric modeling, Air gaps. Abstract: The design of a hybrid stepper motor considering various cases from the geometry point of view for achieving specific performances requires adequate geometrical sizing that may be performed through numerical modeling. With this aim, the current study is approaching the influence of the geometry for the electromagnetic torque calculation on a stepper motor considering various models. For each one, three-dimensional numerical analysis is used to predetermine the detent and holding torque versus angle characteristics. Moreover, optimal technical solutions were obtained through successive improvements made in the design phase and concurring with the requirements of the product specification. |
15,928 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-AUV Circular Formation Sliding Mode Control Based on Cyclic Pursuit, and key words: Sea surface, Target tracking, Trajectory tracking, Real-time systems, Stability analysis, Trajectory, Vehicle dynamics. Abstract: A circular formation control algorithm based on cyclic pursuit is proposed to solve the problem of multiple (Autonomous Underwater Vehicles)AUVs hunting the moving target. By specifying a formation member to obtain the position of the moving target in the inertial coordinate frame and pass this information to the remaining members of the formation, formation members can convert their position in the target coordinate frame to the position in the inertial coordinate frame, that is, the expected real-time trajectory of the AUV circular formation in the inertial coordinate system. AUV trajectory tracking kinematics controller and dynamics controller are designed by constructing position error sliding mode surface and velocity error sliding mode surface respectively. The AUV's tracking of the expected trajectory is transformed into the control of the virtual velocity error, and finally the AUV completes the real-time tracking of the expected trajectory. The feasibility of the algorithm is verified by simulation. |
15,929 | Please write an abstract with title: An interactive interface for service robots, and key words: Service robots, Feedback, Speech, Home appliances, Robot sensing systems, Automatic control, Control systems, Sensor fusion, Laser fusion, Algorithm design and analysis. Abstract: In this paper, we present an initial design of an interactive interface for a service robot based on multisensor fusion. We show how the integration of speech, vision and laser range data can be performed using a high level of abstraction. Guided by a number of scenarios commonly used in a service robot framework, the experimental evaluation will show the benefit of sensory integration which allows the design of a robust and natural interaction system using a set of simple perceptual algorithms. |
15,930 | Please write an abstract with title: Eco-economic Smart Business Management in a Large-scale Oil Company, and key words: Oils, Companies, Production, Regulation, Raw materials, Proposals, Sustainable development. Abstract: the article deals with the problems of evaluation of investment projects efficiency related to the environmental and economic management of big businesses in an oil-producing Russian holding company. We studied the criteria for selecting investment program proposals for company's forecasting activities. The article analyzes the criteria for investment process efficiency aimed at implementing projects of environmental reconstruction, technical re-equipment and further development of the oil business. It is recommended to carry out operational and medium-term planning in a format in which the main production, economic and environmental indicators for the previous first three years of the enterprise's activity are known and the planned indicators for the fourth year are identified. Based on the optimal values of the criteria application for the functions of pure and mixed strategies for managing investments in production and the environment, the indicators of the economic attractiveness of alternative projects for the development of the oil business are calculated. This makes it possible to ensure a harmonious, sustainable development of the production and economic activities of the oil-producing holding company in the planned time. |
15,931 | Please write an abstract with title: Scanning the issue - Special issue on modeling and design of embedded software, and key words: Special issues and sections, Software design, Embedded software, Embedded computing, Physics computing, Airplanes, Robotics and automation, Automatic control, Manufacturing automation, Application software. Abstract: Provides an overview of the technical articles and features presented in this issue. |
15,932 | Please write an abstract with title: An IoT based System with Edge Intelligence for Rice Leaf Disease Detection using Machine Learning, and key words: Performance evaluation, Machine learning algorithms, Image edge detection, Feature extraction, Agriculture, Servers, Monitoring. Abstract: Bangladesh is one of the top five rice-producing and consuming countries in the world. Its economy dramatically depends on rice-producing. Rice leaf disease is the biggest problem in the agriculture sector. This is the main reason for the reduction of the quality and quantity of the crops. The spread of the disease can be avoided by continuous monitoring. However, manual monitoring of diseases will cost a large amount of time and labor. So, it is a good idea to have an automated system. This paper presents a rice leaf disease detection system using a lightweight Artificial Intelligent technique. We are applying the edge computing concept here. Our edge device is Raspberry Pi. We have processed all our data in Raspberry Pi. We consider three rice plant diseases, namely Brown Spot, Hispa, and Leaf Blast. They are the most common type of rice leaf disease in Bangladesh. We have used clear images of healthy and infected rice leaves with white background. After applying the necessary preprocessing, we have extracted the necessary features from the images. Then we have made an image classification model with various machine learning algorithms by feeding these features. We have learned that the Random Forest algorithm performed the best. By using our image classification model, we have achieved 97.50% accuracy on our edge device. |
15,933 | Please write an abstract with title: An integrated service and network management system for MPLS traffic engineering and VPN services, and key words: Intserv networks, Engineering management, Multiprotocol label switching, Telecommunication traffic, Virtual private networks, Tellurium, Technology management, Large-scale systems, Spine, Information management. Abstract: MPLS technology has recently been widely adopted, not only in large-scale IP backbones, but in metro and enterprise networks as well. Among the merits of MPLS, effective and efficient support of TE (traffic engineering) and VPN (virtual private network) services is the most influential factor that has facilitated the diffusion of the technology. However, although MPLS itself has become a currently operational technology, issues regarding the management of various services that are built on top of individually operating MPLS capable network elements have not been well identified or solved. These service level management issues arise, not only under heterogeneous conditions, but even when the target network is homogeneously composed. The paper discusses the requirements and architectural aspects of an integrated service management system for MPLS TE and VPN services. The discussion encompasses fault and performance management issues and information models which should be flexible to support newer services that can be rendered by merging TE, VPN, and QoS technologies. We also examine performance, fault tolerance, and scalability issues that cannot be neglected when such systems are deployed in a real-world environment. |
15,934 | Please write an abstract with title: Business Technology Trends + Lists + Awareness = Executive Optimization, and key words: Business, Engineering management, Technology. Abstract: Executives in the C-Suite hear about the same technologies every year from the major pundits and consultancies, such as the Gartner Group, Forrester Research, McKinsey, Accenture, Deloitte, IBM, and Cap Gemini—among others (lots of others). These lists are all essentially the same. In the past few years pundits and consultancies have featured artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, the Internet-of-Things, edge computing, and how to manage multicloud computing environments. But do these technologies represent the full list that C-Suite executives need to understand and track? No—and it may not matter. |
15,935 | Please write an abstract with title: A Deep Learning Based Hybrid Model for Sales Prediction of E-commerce with Sentiment Analysis, and key words: Deep learning, Sentiment analysis, Companies, Predictive models, Data science, Internet, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: The market of E-commerce has developed rapidly since the emergence of Internet. Many companies or shops of E-commerce want to seek a way to predict the sales of their products. The prediction of sales can help the merchants to formulate a sales strategy, in order to obtain a bigger profit and attract more investment. However, many studies simply use the daily sales or some very basic daily information of the product to predict the sales, without considering the effects of reviews. In this paper, a hybrid network including Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed to solve this prediction task. Through careful selection, several attributes and comments of the products are utilized. Feature engineering is used to normalize the different kinds of data. BiLSTM is conducted to analyze all the comments. CNN is utilized to make predictions by using the data provided by feature engineering. Analysis is described to show the advantages and effectiveness of this network. By using the attributes of the product, along with the polarization of comments, CNN can predict the sales of the product. |
15,936 | Please write an abstract with title: MemComputing vs. Quantum Computing: some analogies and major differences, and key words: Quantum computing, Software algorithms, Software, Hardware, Dynamical systems, Physics, Optimization. Abstract: Quantum computing employs some quantum phenomena to process information. It has been hailed as the future of computing but it is plagued by serious hurdles when it comes to its practical realization. MemComputing is a new paradigm that instead employs non-quantum dynamical systems and exploits time non-locality (memory) to compute. It can be efficiently emulated in software and its path towards hardware is more straightforward. I will discuss some analogies between these two computing paradigms, and the major differences that set them apart. |
15,937 | Please write an abstract with title: System Level-Based Voltage-Sag Mitigation Using Distributed Energy Resources, and key words: Partitioning algorithms, Voltage control, Power quality, Sensitivity, Distributed power generation, Reactive power, Power quality, Voltage control. Abstract: As the growing demand for battery energy storage systems (BESSs) generally follows the renewable energy sources (RESs) trend, the active management of BESS- and RES-based distributed energy resources (DERs) could effectively solve voltage-sag problems in active distribution systems (ADSs). DERs are typically interfaced with the grid through power-electronic inverters. They are considered power resources with adjustable active/reactive power injections that could contribute to the enhancement of the grid's performance. This article proposes a new framework for active/reactive power management of inverter-based DERs to mitigate voltage-sag problems in ADSs. The new framework utilizes a novel zonal-based voltage control algorithm for mitigating voltage-sag problems in ADSs. The algorithm identifies mitigation zones' virtual boundaries based on a proposed electrical influence intensity index that reflects the electrical connectivity of the network. A novel zone capability index (ZCI) ranks the mitigation zones according to DER capacity, zonal loading conditions, and the number of nodes within each mitigation zone. The voltage mitigation algorithm minimizes the energy injected from DERs’ inverters to achieve maximum voltage sag alleviation in each mitigation zone. This zonal-based mitigation algorithm is applied to the IEEE 33-bus distribution system under voltage-sag conditions to verify the proposed algorithm's feasibility and effectiveness. |
15,938 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning Dynamics of Cognitive Parallel Processing Based on a Collective Evaluation, and key words: Task analysis, Parallel processing, Measurement, Heuristic algorithms, Games, Electronic mail, Cognition. Abstract: Learning dynamics at cognitive process level is difficult to study and emulate because of the complexity of intricate psychological and neuronal mechanisms and dynamics. When considering the parallel processing of a task, the difficulty relies on the execution concurrency making the process contributions indistinguishable. We present here a metric for rewarding increasingly the right parallel cognitive processes with respect to the wrong ones through learning steps. The metric, based on the symmetric difference between task parallel processes, proves to correctly achieve collective and individual credit assignment of the processes. |
15,939 | Please write an abstract with title: A Flexible Organic Electrochemical Synaptic Transistor With Dopamine-Mediated Plasticity, and key words: Synapses, Neurotransmitters, Logic gates, Bending, Ions, Electrolytes, Transistors. Abstract: Artificial synapses relying on electrical and optical stimuli to implement neuromorphic tasks have been intensively developed, but very few of them can directly respond to real biological neurotransmitter stimulus, thus limiting the seamless integration of bio-electronic interfaces. In this letter, we report a flexible organic electrochemical transistor-based synaptic device, which demonstrates not only short-term synaptic behaviors dominated by the kinetics of ions but also long-term synaptic behaviors derived from the redox reaction of dopamine neurotransmitters. More importantly, we systematically studied the dopamine-mediated synaptic plasticity under both flat and bending states, which shows reliable synaptic response and excellent mechanical flexibility. These results reveal that our device providing a promising way for direct biohybrid integration with soft biological tissues. |
15,940 | Please write an abstract with title: Comprehensive Study of Variable Flux Memory Machines with Symmetrical Series Hybrid Permanent Magnets in Rotor Pole, and key words: Rotors, Demagnetization, Magnetization, Torque, Magnetic circuits, Topology, Coercive force. Abstract: Variable flux memory (VFM) machines with symmetrical series hybrid permanent magnets (PMs) structures in rotor pole, evolved from Prius IV MG2 machine (Prius IV), are analyzed and compared in this paper. The reluctance torques are maintained in all magnetization states of Prius IV memory machine (Prius IV-M) due to the series hybrid PMs magnetic circuit. Firstly, the influences of positions and volume ratios of variable PMs (VPMs) and constant PMs (CPMs) on the available flux variation range of Prius IV-Ms are investigated based on the limit of maximum pulse current. Then, the electromagnetic performances of Prius IV-Ms with ideal, demagnetization and re-magnetization states are further investigated based on the case with the volume ratio of VPM/CPM as 1:2 and compared with Prius IV. The Results also show that Prius IV-M exhibits lower efficiency than Prius IV over the whole efficiency area except in the extremely low torque low speed area. |
15,941 | Please write an abstract with title: Impacts of Oceanic Conditions on North Atlantic Right Whale Distribution on the Nantucket Shoals, and key words: gradients, Nantucket Shoals, North Atlantic right whale, water masses. Abstract: The habitat of North Atlantic right whales, like that of countless other species, is changing as a result of a changing climate. As scientists, proactive policy makers and innovative industries look for climate change solutions, the ocean is seen as providing myriad opportunities in the new blue economy. Offshore wind offers a promising alternative to fossil fuels, but impacts of turbine surveying, construction and operation on right whales are still largely unknown. Over the past decade, researchers at the Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life at the New England Aquarium have documented changes in right whale distribution in a historic whaling area overlapping with planned offshore wind development on the southern New England shelf. During a decade of aerial surveys, right whales began using the area year-round, with increasing abundance trends found in winters and springs. This study examined changes in oceanic conditions on the southern New England shelf and Nantucket Shoals with a potential relationship to the right whale abundance shifts between 2013 and 2019. Maps of coastal water masses and the fronts between them provided by satellite data are the basis for this comparative study. We identified water masses and their gradients during each season prior to 2016, and each season after 2016. The number of unique water masses and associated statistics were calculated for each season, which suggested a trend of convergence of seasonal averages of unique daily water masses in the survey area. We also compared which specific water masses were present prior to 2016 with those afterward, and analyzed the characteristics of those that exhibited substantial changes. Results suggest an overall cooling of water in the study area during winters and falls, and an overall warming during springs. Gradient values increased during spring, summer and fall months from the first time frame to the second. The percentage of area in which strong gradients were found increased meaningfully in summer and fall on the Nantucket Shoals. The goal of this study was to further understand the dynamic habitat of an imperiled species to contribute to the creation of tools for responsible wind energy development. While a transition away from fossil fuels will mitigate climate change impacts, strong preservation policies must be simultaneously enacted to protect right whales as new energy infrastructure is added to their environment. |
15,942 | Please write an abstract with title: Algorithm for analyzing optimal mask movement pattern in moving mask deep X-ray lithography, and key words: Pattern analysis, Algorithm design and analysis, X-ray lithography, Microstructure, Shape control, Fabrication, Resists, Micromechanical devices, Mechanical systems, Inorganic materials. Abstract: Moving mask deep X-ray lithography has demonstrated its feasibility for fabricating some 3-dimensional (3D) microstructures such as micro-nozzles and micro-lens arrays and so on. In this technique, the determination of mask movement patterns is crucial for realizing the desired target microstructures. For theoretical determination of optimal movement patterns, an algorithm exploiting the Fourier transformation technique called "Inverse Approach" was proposed. As a first step towards the completion of the Inverse Approach, the algorithm limited to the 2 space dimensions, vertical and lateral, was developed. Straightforward application of this algorithm to the fabrication of V-shaped grooves did not yield satisfying results. We reported an adopted version of this algorithm which ultimately allowed successful fabrication of the V-shaped grooves. Furthermore, this algorithm could be applied to the determination of an optimal mask. |
15,943 | Please write an abstract with title: Policy based scheduling for simple quality of service in grid computing, and key words: Processor scheduling, Quality of service, Grid computing, Resource management, Distributed computing, Collaborative software, High performance computing, Computer applications, Application software, Petascale computing. Abstract: Summary form only given. We discuss a novel framework for policy based scheduling in resource allocation of grid computing. The framework has several features. First, the scheduling strategy can control the request assignment to grid resources by adjusting usage accounts or request priorities. Second, Efficient resource management is achieved by assigning usage quotas to intended users. Third, the scheduling method supports reservation based grid resource allocation. Fourth, quality of service feature allows special privileges to various classes of requests. Experimental results demonstrate the usefulness of the framework. |
15,944 | Please write an abstract with title: A Deep Learning Framework with Transfer Learning Approach for Image Forgery Localization, and key words: Location awareness, Training, Deep learning, Quantization (signal), Image coding, Transfer learning, Feature extraction. Abstract: Altering digital content is one of the major concerns experienced in the digital environment. Because of the developments in image modification applications in this digital era, the tampering of images for harmful reasons has proliferated, necessitating the detection of such manipulation before it misleads in any of the applications. A framework based on DeepLabv3+ is presented in this paper for detecting several forms of forgeries and locating the altered areas precisely within the images. To pre-process the forged photos, Error Level Analysis (ELA) is used, which differentiates the areas with varying quantization error levels. The complete framework is trained using the pre-processed images as input. The encoder side of the DeepLabv3+ architecture uses a pre-trained ResN et50 network for transfer learning. DeepLabv3+ uses Atrous convolution that helps to get the broader field of view and extracts contextual features for enhancing the precision of localization. At the decoder, the output features of the encoder are merged with the low-level features of the input image to appropriately locate the forged area. With high precision, this framework can identify and locate many types of manipulations. The findings illustrate that the proposed framework outperforms several existing forged area localization techniques. |
15,945 | Please write an abstract with title: Short-Circuit Current Mechanism in Three-Core Submarine Cable for Offshore Wind Power Transmission System Under Grid Faults, and key words: Underwater cables, Short-circuit currents, Simulation, Circuit breakers, Wind power generation, Transformers, Mathematical models. Abstract: Three-core submarine cable has been widely used in the offshore wind power transmission field, and its fault characteristics are different from single-core submarine cable. The short-circuit current mechanism in three-core submarine cable for offshore wind power transmission system under grid faults is studied in this paper. The positive, negative and zero sequence mathematical models are established under different fault states. On this basis, the reason of the fault current dc offset problem and its impact to the circuit breaker is analyzed. In addition, the main influence factors of the fault current zero-crossing time are analyzed. Finally, comparative simulation studies are conducted under different fault conditions. Simulation results show that the fault position and the duration time of different fault states have major influence to the fault current. When the time intervals between different faults are around 5ms, and the fault position is near the step-up transformer, the fault current dc offset problem will be pretty serious. |
15,946 | Please write an abstract with title: Accurate inference of variables using artificial neural networks, and key words: Artificial neural networks, Nonlinear equations, Transducers, Vectors, Frequency, Transfer functions, Feature extraction, Neural networks, Nonlinear dynamical systems, Engines. Abstract: Accurate measurements are essential for feature extraction and accurate control of systems. Often, however, accurate measurements cannot be performed directly due to the inaccessibility in systems to place sensors or non-ideal sensor characteristics. Inference measurements (also called soft sensors) enables estimates of variables in a system from directly measurable variables. This paper shows which directly accessible variables should be used for accurate inference by exploring various systems. Neural networks have universal mapping capabilities, and are used to perform inference measurements on nonlinear dynamic systems. The results show which variables should be used in order to perform accurate inference of unknown variables. |
15,947 | Please write an abstract with title: Simulation and Experimental Research Strategy for DACs with Proteus and Open Source Platforms, and key words: Voltage measurement, Oscilloscopes, Software, Laboratories, Digital-analog conversion, Monitoring, Mathematical model. Abstract: The study described in the paper is aimed at offering software and hardware solutions to study modern DACs and their applications. Simulation schemes for testing the parameters and characteristics of DAC through simulation analysis in the Proteus environment have been designed and tested. Virtual instruments such as an oscilloscope, a functional generator, sources of reference voltage have been created, which allows the work both remotely in an electronic environment and by including real laboratory modules. The proposed strategy for teaching DACs provides new opportunities for knowledge organization and new ways of teaching and learning aimed at achieving higher quality of the learning outcomes in engineering education. |
15,948 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of mm-Wave Dielectric Lens Antenna for Liquid Level Gauge Radar, and key words: Antenna measurements, Liquids, Radar measurements, Horn antennas, Simulation, Millimeter wave radar, Radar antennas. Abstract: This paper presents a design of mm-wave dielectric lens antenna for liquid level gauge radar. The antenna consists of a conical horn antenna, a planar convex dielectric lens and an intermediate matching structure. The antenna is feed by a circular waveguide and simulated by FEKO. The simulation results show that the lens antenna has ideal gain and beam width, this feature can be further improved by changing the position of the feed. The millimeter-wave dielectric lens antenna designed for level gauge radar has a lens diameter of 73.1mm, a beam width of 3.7 degrees, and a gain of 31.3dBi, which can well meet the needs of mm-wave radar for narrow viewing Angle and long distance ranging. |
15,949 | Please write an abstract with title: A low-power CMOS mixer for low-IF receivers, and key words: Mixers, Voltage, Noise figure, Topology, Radio frequency, Resistors, CMOS process, Transceivers, Power dissipation, Local oscillators. Abstract: A low-power UHF-to-low-IF downconversion mixer was implemented in a 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS process. This mixer is designed as the second-block of an integrated low-IF receiver under development for deep space applications. The mixer dissipates 5.4 mW from a 2.5-V supply. LO power requirement is -10 dBm. Voltage conversion gain is 20.8 dB. Single side-band noise figure is 9.2 dB at 2 MHz IF. Input 1-dB compression point is -21 dBm while the IIP3 point is at -13.4 dBm. The entire mixer occupies a die area of 0.3 mm /spl times/ 0.26 mm. Low-power dissipation makes this mixer attractive for low-power highly integrated receiver applications. |
15,950 | Please write an abstract with title: Segregation in Social Networks: MARKOV Bridge Models and Estimation, and key words: Bridges, Social networking (online), Computational modeling, Hidden Markov models, Estimation, Markov processes, Signal processing. Abstract: This paper deals with the modeling and estimation of the sociological phenomena called segregation in social networks. Specifically, we present a novel community-based graph model that represent segregation as a Markov bridge process. A Markov bridge is a one-dimensional Markov random field that facilitates modeling the formation and disassociation of communities at deterministic times which is important in social networks with known timed events. Based on the proposed model, we provide Bayesian filtering algorithms for recursively estimating the level of segregation using noisy samples obtained from the graph. Numerical results indicate that the proposed filtering algorithm outperforms the conventional hidden Markov modeling in terms of the mean-squared error. The proposed filtering method is useful in computational social science where data-driven estimation of the level of segregation from noisy data is required. |
15,951 | Please write an abstract with title: Framework for Analyzing and Visualizing Topics and Sentiments on Social Media: the Case of MH 17 Tweets, and key words: Sentiment analysis, Social networking (online), Conferences, Blogs, Semantics, Merging, Clustering algorithms. Abstract: This paper develops a framework for sentiment analysis and clustering of Russian and Finnish-language Twitter posts (tweets) that enables the comparison of different language speakers' reactions to the same brand, product, or event. The framework can be further developed to analyze tweets in more than two languages or from more than two regions. Namely, we develop a tweet stream clustering algorithm, which calculates sentiment, keywords, topic tags and growth rate of the harvested tweets. The system utilizes a translation matrix for document vectors in Finnish and Russian to enable comparison of Russian and Finnish-language tweet clusters in a cluster visualization view (sentiment, topics, keywords, growth rate of clusters). A map view also allows following the density of Twitter activity in a given geographical location. To illustrate the framework, we examine the Russian and Finnish language tweets about the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 (MH17) crash on July 17, 2014. |
15,952 | Please write an abstract with title: Car-Following Behavior Based on LiDAR Trajectory Data at Urban Intersections, and key words: Car-following, characteristic extraction, driving behavior, gap distance, light detecting and ranging (LiDAR), LiDAR trajectory data, sensor. Abstract: The characteristic analysis of car-following behavior in different scenarios is important for studying microscopic traffic flow models. This study first used roadside light detecting and ranging (LiDAR) to collect traffic 3-D point cloud data to reveal the driving behavior characteristics of localized urban intersections. The background subtraction method is used to filter out the background objects. The density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise algorithm detects and identifies vehicle objects. The traffic target tracking method based on historical frame data fusion obtained the vehicle trajectory. Second, this article designed a method to extract high-resolution microscopic traffic information. This method constructs the boundary box model of traffic objects by finding fixed point features. Then, the speed, distance, and other information are calculated through the coordinate relationship of vehicle position. Finally, the velocity and gap distance characteristics are analyzed in car-following behavior. This study found a significant correlation between the speed of the front and rear vehicles in the car-following process. A linear function can effectively fit the relationship between speed and gap distance. This article also verifies the asymmetric characteristics of driving behavior under acceleration and deceleration conditions at urban intersections. |
15,953 | Please write an abstract with title: Application of Fourier spectrum for describing 'formal' of cloths, and key words: Fabrics, Pediatrics, Frequency estimation, Humans, Amplitude estimation, Speech analysis, Knowledge based systems, Computer simulation, Image processing, Nonlinear filters. Abstract: Summary form only given. Quantitative evaluation of human sensibility, that is, "kansei" in Japanese, has recently attracted much attention. Kansei engineering is an approach to connect the human sensibility with engineering applications. We have investigated a relationship between the visual impressions of black fabrics and their image features from the viewpoint of kansei engineering. The two-dimensional Fourier transformation was applied for analyzing an image of black fabric in order to connect with formality, which is one of evaluation items for the visual impression of fabrics. A sensory vision test was carried out on several typical kinds of black fabrics, while Fourier spectrum features were extracted from the fabric images. Amplitudes of the Fourier spectrum were classified by the k-means method, which is a cluster analysis method, and were discussed to analyze the visual impression. This study has found that differences of formality in the visual impressions of texture characteristics are derived from the features of the classified amplitudes of the Fourier spectrum. |
15,954 | Please write an abstract with title: Creative Learning Media for High-Functioning Autistic Student Using Video Sharing Platform during the Pandemic, and key words: Learning systems, Pandemics, Multimedia systems, Tutorials, Streaming media, Media, Data collection. Abstract: This research is motivated by pandemic condition that has implications for the transformation of learning. Previously learning course was held face to face in offline class. However, currently rely more on online learning media. This study analyzes the importance of learning media for students with special needs, especially in the HFA (High-Functioning Autistic) category. This research uses Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning and data collection using mix methods both qualitative and quantitative research, as well as exploring advanced analytical from the video sharing platform specifically provided for HFA students. This study shows that learning media using YouTube for HFA students is considered to be effective. This learning medium is easy to use and can be played repeatedly as a tutorial, videos help in practical assignments. Also there is a subscribe feature which can be utilized to remind the advanced materials or links to the previous learning materials. This study also shows the beneficial potential of YouTube as a learning medium as an application that is familiar to be used by students. |
15,955 | Please write an abstract with title: Editorial Special Issue, and key words: Special issues and sections, Medical services, Wearable sensors, Streaming media, Multimedia databases, Videos, Wearable computers, Medical Internet of Things, Information and communication technology. Abstract: This special issue presents a set of articles from international researchers in the field that are each also indicating this exciting field of multimedia in health care. Health systems worldwide are challenged on multiple fronts. Demographic change, the increase of both communicable and noncommunicable, and chronic diseases and economic sustainability are just some examples. On the other hand, medical as well as technical progress have dramatically improved the possibilities for not just disease prevention, early recognition, and therapy, but living well beyond traditional expectations. Information and communication technologies (ICT) play a vital role as a part of this progress, and it is of utmost importance that researchers from all communities of ICT investigate opportunities to contribute to improving worldwide health with their expertise. Multimedia and multimodal sensors have become an integral part of our lives. People take pictures and videos, communicate with rich media beyond voice and text including social media mechanisms, and collect tremendous amounts of continuous data about their lives through smartphones, wearable devices, and ubiquitous ambient sensors. This opens amazing opportunities to solve personal and societal challenges, but also imposes new and so far, unforeseen questions in both health and computing. Multimedia research has, thus, evolved into a core enabler for future applications that could shape the future health of society. |
15,956 | Please write an abstract with title: Future Moment Assessment for Action Query, and key words: Computer vision, Uncertainty, Conferences, Task analysis, Residual neural networks. Abstract: In this paper, we aim to tackle the task of Assessing Future Moment of an Action of Interest (AFM-AI). The goal of this task is to assess if an action of interest will happen or not as well as the starting moment of the action. We aim to assess starting moments at any time-horizon of the future. To this end, we tackle the regression task of the starting moments as a generation task using a Deterministic Residual Guided Variational Regression Module (DR-VRM), which is built on a Variational Regression Module (VRM) and a deterministic residual network. The VRM takes the uncertainty into account and is capable of generating diverse predictions for the starting moment. The deterministic network encourages the VRM to learn from deterministic residual information in order to generate more precise predictions for moment assessment. Experimental results on three datasets clearly show that the proposed method is capable of generating both diverse and precise predictions of starting moments for query actions. |
15,957 | Please write an abstract with title: PATCHWORK smart power thick-film hybrids for automotive under hood applications, and key words: Automotive engineering, Logic circuits, Ceramics, Substrates, Reliability engineering, Power engineering and energy, Costs, Integrated circuit reliability, Manufacturing, Copper. Abstract: PATCHWORK provides a high degree of integration combining logic and power on one ceramic substrate to respond to customer-specific circuits with acceptable engineering costs and short periods of development. The hybrids are reliable and high-temperature resistant and can be manufactured at a fair market price. The introduction of PATCHWORK combines Ag/Pd/Pt, copper and gold conductors, high temperature solder, window framing design and efficient thermal properties. With these advances in thick film technology many high volume opportunities are open in automotive applications. |
15,958 | Please write an abstract with title: Micro gimbal diaphragm for sound source localization with mimicking Ormia Ochracea, and key words: Ear, Prototypes, Animals, Microphone arrays, Biomembranes, Physics computing, Acoustic sensors, Acoustic signal detection. Abstract: The parasitoid fly Ormia Ochracea shows a remarkable ability to localize a sound source although the interaural differences in intensity and time are extremely small. In this paper, mimicking unique structures of its auditory organ, we propose a micro sound source localization sensor using a gimbal diaphragm, which realizes a simple and optimal transduction mechanism for detecting a tiny pressure gradient. We made a prototype from a thin metal plate and confirmed that it works as a sound source localization sensor by experiments. |
15,959 | Please write an abstract with title: Solving Markov Decision Processes with Partial State Abstractions, and key words: Earth, Autonomous systems, Conferences, Computational modeling, Stationary state, Decision making, Markov processes. Abstract: Autonomous systems often use approximate planners that exploit state abstractions to solve large MDPs in real-time decision-making problems. However, these planners can eliminate details needed to produce effective behavior in autonomous systems. We therefore propose a novel model, a partially abstract MDP, with a set of abstract states that each compress a set of ground states to condense irrelevant details and a set of ground states that expand from a set of expanded abstract states to retain relevant details. This papers offers (1) a definition of a partially abstract MDP that (2) generalizes its ground MDP and its abstract MDP and exhibits bounded optimality depending on its abstract MDP along with (3) a lazy algorithm for planning and execution in autonomous systems. The result is a scalable approach that computes near-optimal solutions to large problems in minutes rather than hours. |
15,960 | Please write an abstract with title: Improvement of Modified Trapezoidal Modulation using space vector topology, and key words: Simulation, Circuit simulation, Europe, Aerospace electronics, Pulse width modulation, Amplitude modulation, Software. Abstract: This paper focuses on vector control using Modified Trapezoidal Modulation (MTM). We propose to generate MTM waves from space vectors. The previous creation methods had fixed amplitude and phase. That is, The MTM can only be used with Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) control. The new method we propose can change the amplitude and phase. That is, MTM can be done with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control. We have verified that the dq-axis current and the rotation speed can be controlled by the proposed method. This result was confirmed by circuit simulation software, PSIM. |
15,961 | Please write an abstract with title: The effect of a finite distance source on an Applebaum array, and key words: Adaptive arrays, Signal to noise ratio, Thumb, Degradation, Narrowband, Phased arrays, Interference suppression, Computer simulation, Steady-state. Abstract: The effect of the finite distance of the signal source on the performance of a far-field steering Applebaum type adaptive array is examined. The output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is expressed in terms of 1) the distance between the signal and the array center, 2) the input SNR, 3) the element number and locations, and 4) the signal direction. From that expression a rule of thumb is drawn to determine the distance between the signal source and the array center at which the degradation of the output SNR is 1 dB. That distance is in general much larger than the far-field range of a conventional beam forming array. |
15,962 | Please write an abstract with title: The problem of precision missile guidance based on multiple-video information fusion with bit-rate communication constraints, and key words: Missiles, Cameras, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Navigation, Sensor fusion, Communication channels, Codecs, Remotely operated vehicles, Mobile robots, Communication system control. Abstract: In precision missile guidance systems, the objective is not only to minimize the miss distance of missile-target, but also to satisfy the terminal constraint on the interceptor body attitude relative to the target. Together with an effective guidance law, precise information of the target's trajectory is a crucial part of the guidance systems. In this work, a precision guidance law is implemented based primarily on the information from a video camera mounted on board the missile. To enhance the precision, we propose a sensor fusion scheme that is the fused information from multiple video cameras mounted on board the missile and unmanned aerial vehicles. The communication channels between the missile and unmanned aerial vehicles suffer very restrictive bit-rate constraints. The coder-decoder pair is implemented to transmit the information between missile and unmanned aerial vehicles. Simulations are run to compare the performance with and without sensor fusion schemes. The simulations show that smaller miss distances and angle errors result in using sensor fusion. |
15,963 | Please write an abstract with title: A fast feature point extraction method for optical tracking system, and key words: Target tracking, Machine vision, Conferences, Optical variables measurement, Feature extraction, Optical imaging, Prediction algorithms. Abstract: Optical tracking systems (OTS) mainly consist of multiple cameras and optical target. A number of markers, at least three, are attached to the target. Position and motion posture of the target are obtained by photographing those markers. A small part of the image is occupied by marker. If markers are searched by traversing the whole image, huge expenditure and extravagant computing resources will be caused. A fast feature point extraction method is described in this paper to reduce computational burden. It combines marker prediction, perspective projection, nearest neighbor fast seed point search algorithm, region growing algorithm, and gray centroid method. Compared with the traditional whole image traversal method, the marker extraction speed is improved by hundreds or even thousands of times, which is verified by trinocular vision tracking experiment. The method is suitable for OTS. |
15,964 | Please write an abstract with title: Antistick postpassivation of high-aspect ratio silicon molds fabricated by deep-reactive ion etching, and key words: Silicon, Etching, Microstructure, Rubber, Plasma applications, Rough surfaces, Surface roughness, Atomic force microscopy, Surface treatment, Root mean square. Abstract: High-aspect ratio (HAR) silicon molds formed with deep-reactive ion etching (DRIE) technique are difficult to use as masters for replication, especially for replication of high-aspect ratio microstructures. Microstructures in silicon molds made by DRIE have high surface energy and wavy vertical side walls, both of which make demolding difficult. In the research reported here, microstructured silicon master molds were made with the DRIE technique; the mold microstructures were "trenches" with maximum depth and width of 146 /spl mu/m and 9.8 /spl mu/m, respectively. Silicone rubber replicas could not be successfully demolded from such a high aspect ratio (15) silicon master without further surface modification. A second similarly etched mold was plasma treated with C/sub 4/F/sub 8/ for 120 seconds after etching (postpassivated). This treatment was found to be successful; five faithful replicas in silicone rubber were successfully demolded from the postpassivated mold whereas the replica mold broke during demolding from the unpostpassivated master, leaving the master mold microstructure filled with silicone rubber. At higher aspect ratio of 18, the silicon mold had to be plasma treated with C/sub 4/F/sub 8/ for at least 400 s before five replicas could be demolded successfully. Post-passivation with C/sub 4/F/sub 8/ was found to reduce the root mean square sidewall roughness of the silicon master mold trenches by about halves. The nanotribology of the silicon surface was studied with atomic force microscopy. The friction coefficient of the silicon surface was found to be reduced six-fold by the postpassivation technique. XPS analyzes showed that when post-passivation timing was increased, concentration of C-F increased while that of C-CF decreased and the thickness of the fluorinated coating increased. These results show that postpassivation of silicon microstructures made by DRIE can be used to fabricate much higher aspect ratio molds that has heretofore been considered possible using this substrate material and fabrication technique. |
15,965 | Please write an abstract with title: A High-Efficiency Optimized Detection Algorithm for Non-Stationary Marine Acoustic Signals in the Time-Frequency Domain, and key words: Signal processing algorithms, Acoustics, Time-frequency analysis, Background noise, Signal processing, Classification algorithms, Memory. Abstract: As the amount of data generated by marine acoustic observation signals grows, efficient information acquisition of non-stationary observation signals has become a major challenge in marine observation platform technology. In this paper, an optimized algorithm is proposed for the non-stationary marine acoustic signals. This algorithm can increase the effective data acquisition rate while decreasing the observation platform’s algorithm energy consumption. To constantly enhance the processing of the observation signal through the self-feedback, the optimized algorithm is based on the sign function, the adjustable coefficient, the adaptive step size, and the frequency domain threshold. The simulation verification experiment and the application experiment based on the optimized algorithm are shown in this study. The experimental results indicate that the optimized algorithm efficiency is 78.16% in the simulation conditions and reaches 89.89% in the application experiment. And the data compression rates for the simulation conditions and the application experiment are 74.65% and 69.32%, respectively. As a result, the optimized algorithm’s performance has significantly improved. |
15,966 | Please write an abstract with title: Can memory-less network adapters benefit next-generation infiniband systems?, and key words: Next generation networking, Delay, Costs, Bandwidth, Performance analysis, Computer networks, Laboratories, Computer science, Network interfaces, Pattern analysis. Abstract: InfiniBand is emerging as a high-performance interconnect. It is gaining popularity because of its high performance and open standard. Recently, PCI-Express, which is the third generation high-performance I/O bus used to interconnect peripheral devices, has been released. The third generation of InfiniBand adapters allow applications to take advantage of PCI-Express. PCI-Express offers very low latency access of the host memory by network interface cards (NICs). Earlier generation InfiniBand adapters used to have an external DIMM attached as local NIC memory. This memory was used to store internal information. This memory increases the overall cost of the NIC. In this paper we design experiments, analyze the performance of various communication patterns and end applications on PCI-Express based systems, whose adapters can be chosen to run with or without local NIC memory. Our investigations reveal that on these systems, the memory fetch latency is the same for both local NIC memory and host memory. Under heavy I/O bus usage, the latency of a scatter operation increased only by 10% and only for message sizes IB -4 KB. These memory-less adapters allow more efficient use of overall system memory and show practically no performance impact (less than 0.1%) for the NAS parallel benchmarks on 8 processes. These results indicate that memory-less network adapters can benefit next generation InfiniBand systems. |
15,967 | Please write an abstract with title: School Management Information System (SMIS) for the Elite College, and key words: Prototypes, Management information systems, Interviews. Abstract: This project aimed at developing a school management information system for Elite College. Applying prototyping methodology and gathering user requirement through interviews, the system was developed. The developers used the prototype development method, because the developers found it as a flexible method that adapts to system requirement changes, thus enabling the developer to re-define the scope of project whenever need be. The developed system allows for student registration, online fees payment, students access to their personal and academic information (timetable, upcoming events, marks, transcripts / academic records and financial statement). The system is unable to send SMSs and emails and hence future development of similar system or higher version should consider incorporating this feature as it makes communication more efficient. |
15,968 | Please write an abstract with title: A real-time target tracking method applicable to a robot's vision, and key words: Target tracking, Robot vision systems, Cameras, Histograms, Pattern matching, Head, Image recognition, Target recognition, Computer vision, Humans. Abstract: Recently, in the field of computer vision, the research on '"looking at people" technique [Pentland, A, 2000] has been very active. Currently, we are also pushing research on an LPS (looking at people system), which is an attribute-information conscious system. In addition, the research on autonomous robot has also been active. The technology regarding the identification of a person by the sound or image has been introduced in such robots. Such technology impresses robots with intellectual existence, and raises affinity with people. In light of this, combining LPS technique and autonomous robots can create interesting applications. That is, a basic system for initiating interaction between humans and robots can be realized by implementing a system, which gazes at people as a robot's vision. We propose the simple search method (SSM), which is a target tracking technique applicable to an autonomous robot's vision, and show its validity. |
15,969 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Construction of a 6 DOF Robot with Ability to move the TCP in Continuous Trajectories, and key words: Robots, Trajectory, Kinematics, Service robots, Heuristic algorithms, Manipulators, Dynamics. Abstract: The generation of linear and circular trajectories continuous in time in a physical space is one of the most interesting challenges to obtain in the construction of a 6 DOF industrial robot prototype. Since it involves having a kinematic, dynamic control, trajectory generator and all integrated under efficient operating system. In this work, a 6 DOF robot is designed and implemented with the capacity to generate continuous linear and circular trajectories by means of kinematic control (direct and inverse kinematics, trapezoidal interpolators, trajectory planning) and an inverse dynamic model based on the Newton-Euler formulation for the dimensioning and selection of actuators. Finally, trajectories (point to point, linear and circular) generated in the robot under maximum load conditions are executed in order to check the dynamic performance of the robot. |
15,970 | Please write an abstract with title: Mapping payload development for MBARI's Dorado-class AUVs, and key words: Payloads, Sonar navigation, Sea floor, Remotely operated vehicles, Chirp, Packaging, Oceans, Oceanographic techniques, Inertial navigation, Laser modes. Abstract: The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) is developing an autonomous seafloor mapping capability for deep ocean science applications. The MBARI Mapping AUV is a 0.53 m (21 in) diameter, 5.1 m (16.7 ft) long, Dorado-class vehicle designed to carry four mapping sonars. The primary sensor is a 200 kHz multibeam sonar producing swath bathymetry and sidescan. In addition, the vehicle carries 100 kHz and 410 kHz chirp sidescan sonars, and a 2-16 kHz sweep chirp subbottom profiler. Navigation and attitude data are obtained from an inertial navigation system (INS) incorporating a ring laser gyro and a 300 kHz Doppler velocity log (DVL). The vehicle also includes acoustic modem, ultra-short baseline navigation, and long-baseline navigation systems. A single cylindrical pressure housing contains all of the mapping sonar electronics, and the main vehicle control and acoustic communications electronics are housed in a separate glass ball. The Mapping AUV is powered by three 2 kWhr Li-polymer batteries, providing an expected mission duration of 12 hours at a typical speed of 1.5 m/s. The assembled package is rated to 6000 m depth, allowing MBARI to conduct high-resolution mapping of the deep-ocean seafloor. Initial at-sea testing commenced in May 2004 using the subbottom profiler and 100 kHz sidescan. The sonar package will also be mountable on ROV Ventana, allowing surveys at altitudes < 10 m at topographically challenging sites. The MBARI Seafloor Mapping team is now working towards integration of the multibeam sonar and towards achieving regular operations during 2005. |
15,971 | Please write an abstract with title: Numerical Calculation Method for the Boundary of Closed Polygon and Rectangle Region, and key words: Integral equations, Mathematical model, Jacobian matrices, Strips, Nonlinear equations, Belts, Transforms. Abstract: According to the basic principle of Schwarz Christoffel transform, the mathematical model of the boundary of polygon and rectangle area is established. For the singular integral problem in integral equation, the singular point integral rule and the principle of selecting the length of integral path are proposed. The singular integral equation is solved by the Gauss Jacobian integral method. For the Jacobian elliptic function, Newton is used to solve it. Through the calculation of singular integral equation and Jacobian elliptic function, the mapping of points from polygonal boundary to rectangular boundary can be completed. |
15,972 | Please write an abstract with title: Soft underlayer noise in perpendicular recording and its impact on error rate, and key words: Perpendicular magnetic recording, Error analysis, Magnetic heads, Annealing, Magnetic noise, Magnetic flux, Glass, Magnetic domains, Soft magnetic materials, Sputtering. Abstract: Minimum soft underlayer thickness for adequate flux conduction was established through experiment and calculation. Methods for suppressing stripe domains were discussed. Characteristics of spike noise in laminated soft underlayers were described, and the impact of spike noise on error rate was assessed using a software channel. The correlation between spike noise and errors was weak. |
15,973 | Please write an abstract with title: Using UML for service creation, and key words: Unified modeling language, Design methodology, Software standards, Guidelines, Web services, Software systems, Standards development, Application software, Software engineering, Java. Abstract: Service-based development has attracted an increasing number of practitioners over recent years. The use of standard component technologies and more recently web services enable the construction of software systems by combining the individual services provided by a number of independent functional entities, called components, Several approaches to service-based development have been proposed recently, most of them based on the standard modelling notation Unified Modeling Language (UML). These approaches are usually complex because they are general purpose. In this sense, this paper presents a methodology for the design of service-based applications based on UML that is both simple and systematic, and yet comprehensive. The paper also presents some guidelines for design refinement assessment. |
15,974 | Please write an abstract with title: Characteristic of thin-film NTC thermal sensors, and key words: Thin film sensors, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Thermal sensors, Biomembranes, Temperature sensors, Thermal resistance, Gold, Pulsed laser deposition, Micromachining, Optical pulses. Abstract: The characteristics of thin-film negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTC) thermal sensors fabricated by micromachining technology were studied as a function of the thickness of the membrane. The overall structure of the thermal sensor has the form of Au/Ti/NTC/SiO/sub x//(100)Si. An NTC film of Mn/sub 1.5/CoNi/sub 0.5/O/sub 4/ with 0.5 /spl mu/m thickness was deposited on the SiO/sub x/ layer (1.2 /spl mu/m) by PLD (pulsed laser deposition) and annealed at 600-800/spl deg/C in air for 1 hr. Au (200 nm)/Ti (100 nm) electrode was coated on the NTC film by DC sputtering. From the results of microstructure, X-ray and NTC analysis, post-annealed NTC films at 700/spl deg/C for 1 hr showed the best characteristics as an NTC thermal sensing film. In order to reduce the thermal mass and thermal time constant of sensor, the sensing element was built-up on a thin membrane with the thickness of 20-65 /spl mu/m. Sensors with a thin sensing membrane show good detection characteristics. |
15,975 | Please write an abstract with title: Approaching hybrid wind-diesel systems and controller area network, and key words: Control systems, Distributed control, Wind speed, Wind turbines, Velocity control, Stability, Power quality, Sensor systems, Actuators, Clocks. Abstract: High wind penetration hybrid wind-diesel systems have complex control requirements. The random nature of the wind, the cubic velocity to power relationship and the fast response of wind turbines make control goals like maintain system stability, and prescribed power quality levels, not easy to achieve. This paper deals with how to implement a distributed control system based on the controller area network (CAN) in hybrid wind diesel systems with high wind penetration. Firstly some introduction to hybrid wind-diesel systems is presented. Secondly two architectures for such hybrid systems are presented and studied mainly from the control point of view. This study concludes with a need of a distributed control, and the definition of some sensor and actuator nodes in the system. The CAN bus is used to close one of the several regulation loops presented. Some considerations about real time distributed control like clock synchronization among nodes when using CAN bus are presented. Finally some advantages of using CAN with such hybrid systems are outlined. |
15,976 | Please write an abstract with title: Power intensity noise in cavity optomechanical accelerometers through RF sensing, and key words: Radio frequency, Accelerometers, Laser theory, Laser noise, Power lasers, Measurement by laser beam, Lasers and electrooptics. Abstract: We develop a theoretical representation of sensitivity noise generated by laser and power intensity instabilities on optomechanical accelerometers that use RF mechanical resonance shift. The theoretical model is further matched to on-chip measured data. |
15,977 | Please write an abstract with title: Case study of the acquisition of contactless fingerprints in a real police setting, and key words: Liquids, Law enforcement, Databases, Prototypes, Fingerprint recognition, Mobile handsets, Lenses. Abstract: Biometric recognition systems integrated into mobile devices have gained acceptance during recent years. Developments in fingerprint acquisition technology have resulted in touchless mobile devices that acquire high quality fingerprints. While authorities are particular interested on mobile solutions, they have databases containing fingerprint data mainly acquired using contact-based devices. Therefore, they are interested in the accuracy of cross-sensor fingerprint recognition. We present a case study of a comprehensive matching comparison on real fingerprint data acquired by national police officers. The objective of this study is: (i) to analyse the feasibility when comparing data acquired using a typical contact-based fingerprint device against data acquired using a new contactless device, and (ii) the feedback of the end user (i.e. national police officers) regarding the acquisition process. Obtained results are promising and the current prototype shows its feasibility for operational police use. The end users expressed their satisfaction with the developed prototype and they suggested extra functionalities towards a practical solution for police officers. |
15,978 | Please write an abstract with title: New generation metal base free IGBT module structure with low thermal resistance, and key words: Insulated gate bipolar transistors, Power bipolar transistors, Aluminum compounds, Copper, Zirconium compounds, Thermoresistivity, Semiconductor device reliability, Mechanical factors. Abstract: Thermal resistance is one of the most important characteristics in the application of power semiconductors. This paper presents a new generation metal base free IGBT module structure with low thermal resistance. In the experimental results of our new product using the new metal base free structure, heat resistance is reduced by approximately 30% in comparison with the conventional structure. And we achieved improved mechanical strength and reliability characteristics. This was achieved by using a thick copper foil with our original thin zirconia doped alumina technology. |
15,979 | Please write an abstract with title: On modal subspaces of extended Alamouti space-time block codes, and key words: Block codes, Sparse matrices, MIMO, Transmitting antennas, Radio frequency, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Code standards, Modulation coding, State feedback, Bit error rate. Abstract: In this paper, two fundamental subspace invariances of quasiorthogonal space-time block codes recursively derived from the Alamouti code (Jafarkhani codes, extended Alamouti codes) are proven: (i) an eigenbasis of the code word distance matrices can be found which is invariant with respect to the chosen modulation alphabet and (ii) the eigenspaces of the virtual channel matrices are invariant with respect to the channel state realization. These subspace invariances lead to important conclusions: The subspace invariance (i) enables efficient transmission schemes with very small amount of channel state feedback. As a corollary of (ii), an extremely tight analytical bound for the bit error rate can be obtained. |
15,980 | Please write an abstract with title: Digital color image processing within the framework of a human visual model, and key words: Color, Humans, Brightness, Visual system, Image processing, Distortion measurement, Image coding, Computer science, Cities and towns. Abstract: Evidence that the way brightness and chromatic information are processed by the human visual system is relevant to the field of image processing is presented. A three-dimensional homomorphic model for human color vision is outlined. Applications of this model to color image enhancement, transmission, coding, and to the definition of a distortion measure between such images are shown. |
15,981 | Please write an abstract with title: An Efficient Approach to Vectorize the Hybrid Breadth-First Search, and key words: Instruction sets, High performance computing, Conferences, Data structures, Acceleration, Task analysis, Kernel. Abstract: Graph, as a powerful data structure, is widely used in numerous applications. Among plenty of algorithms in graph analysis, Breadth-First Search (BFS) is one of the most basic and important kernels. As the size of the graph increases rapidly, how to speed up the processing remains a meaningful task. Meanwhile, modern processors are commonly equipped with vectorization (Single Instruction Multiple Data, SIMD) processing units, which support processing multiple data elements in a single instruction. These processing units show the potential to accelerate data-intensive applications. In this paper, we evaluate the vectorized implementations of a direction-optimizing BFS, which consists of both the classical top-down and a novel bottom-up methods. We analyze the previous representative implementations, and against the defect and inefficiency they exhibit, we propose a new approach, which features compacting valid data elements in the SIMD vectors and supplementing new input data to replace the invalid ones regularly. Our experiments using the AVX2 instruction set show a maximum speedup of 1.67x on synthetic graphs and 19. 73x on real-world graphs by comparing to the state-of-the-art work. |
15,982 | Please write an abstract with title: Channel Traffic Minimizing Key Sharing Protocol Intended for the Use over the Internet and Secure without any Cryptographic Assumptions, and key words: Technological innovation, Privacy, Protocols, Software design, Companies, Signal processing, Reliability theory. Abstract: A further development of the key sharing protocol presented at previous FRUCT -31 session is proposed in the current paper. In contrast to the previous protocol executing by an exchange of real integers over Internet channel, a new protocol version operates with binary bits and all operations are modulo two additions. Such version significantly decreases channel traffic required for key sharing and a complexity of signal processing. The full description of protocol is given. Optimality of signal processing proposed in the paper for eavesdropper is proved. |
15,983 | Please write an abstract with title: A self-calibrating technique for starting 3-phase cage induction machines on single phase supply lines, and key words: Induction machines, Surges, Torque, Capacitors, Circuits, Spinning, Transient analysis, Calibration, Induction generators, Joining processes. Abstract: A novel self-calibrating technique for starting 3-phase cage induction machines on a single-phase supply with no inrush currents is described. The method uses a simple starting circuit to bring the machine up to near its rated speed within a very short period of time by generating a very high starting torque. The already spinning motor is then connected to a single-phase supply to operate in a standard Steinmetz configuration, thus eliminating any inrush currents at starting. A self-calibration system built into the system starts the motor under the exact load conditions by determining the best transition time before connecting the motor to the mains supply. Numerical and analytical solutions for the transient behaviour of a 1.1 KW machine during starting under various operating conditions are presented and compared with experimental results. The method is simple and low in cost, and is particularly useful in rural applications where the supply lines are generally weak. |
15,984 | Please write an abstract with title: Energy Management: Sustainable Approach Towards Industry 4.0, and key words: Industries, Energy management, Energy efficiency, ISO Standards, Tools, Automation, Productivity. Abstract: Industry 4.0 concept is captivating the attention globally in a substantial rate that encompasses industrial digitalization with the means of advanced technical features. Maintaining the highest standard of industrial processes, Industry 4.0 demands to ensure energy efficiency also. Industries must ensure energy efficiency during the process flows, keeping in mind about the energy cost, carbon emission, and resource efficiency. Unfortunately, despite a significant potential for energy efficiency exists, that can be addressed by industries, implementing energy management practices. However, industries are still disinclined to take advantages of such opportunities. Research in this domain has little explored the potential relationships between energy management and Industry 4.0. In the paper, we aim at offering an overview of industrial energy management and related tools as well as Industry 4.0, preliminary discussing potential opportunities and synergies. |
15,985 | Please write an abstract with title: Positioning Based on Noise-Limited Censored Path Loss Data, and key words: Wireless communication, Location awareness, Phase measurement, Fitting, Training data, Position measurement, Data models. Abstract: Positioning is considered one of the most important features and enabler of various novel industry verticals in future radio systems. Since path loss or received signal strength-based measurements are widely available and accessible in the majority of wireless standards, path loss-based positioning has an important role among other positioning technologies. Conventionally path loss-based positioning has two phases; i) fitting a path loss model to training data, if such training data is available, and ii) determining link distance estimates based on the path loss model and calculating the position estimate. However, in both phases, the maximum measurable path loss is limited by measurement noise. Such immeasurable samples are called censored path loss data and such noisy data is commonly neglected in both the model fitting and in the positioning phase. In the case of censored path loss, the loss is known to be above a known threshold level and that information can be used in model fitting as well as in the positioning phase. In this paper, we examine and propose how to use censored path loss data in path loss model-based positioning and demonstrate with simulations the potential of the proposed approach for considerable improvements (over 30%) in positioning accuracy. |
15,986 | Please write an abstract with title: Classification of Music-Evoked Emotions from EEG signals using Self-Organizing Maps, and key words: Self-organizing feature maps, Analytical models, Computational modeling, Medical treatment, Music, Brain modeling, Feature extraction. Abstract: The use of music to address some emotional, cognitive, and physical needs of an individual, as proposed by Music therapy, requires to at least identify the emotional expression that a piece of music evoke in people. The aim of this study is to build a computational system to identify emotions as temporal representations from Electroencephalography (EEG) signals. First, a set of eight pieces of music are composed to theoretically evoke four emotions in people: happiness, sadness, calmness and anger. Then, EEG signals from 30 participants are recorded, first when they remain silence for one minute (baseline) and then while they are listening the stimuli (the eight pieces of music). After listening each stimulus, participants provide a score in terms of Arousal and Valence through the self-assessment manikin test (SAM). The EEGLife dataset is built by reducing noise and cleaning artifacts from raw EEG signals and using the participant’s scores. A set of Self-Organizing Maps (the SOM model) is proposed to classify emotions. A subject-specific training schema with 20% per participant for validation is used not only for the EEGLife dataset, but also for the well-known benchmark DEAP dataset. Cross-correlation and bandpower features are extracted from both datasets to feed the model. A Density Peaks clustering algorithm and a fuzzy system are used to find the final emotional scores for the model. Precision, Recall, F1Score and Accuracy metrics are used to assess the performance of the proposed model. Results show that emotional expression information is extracted easier from EEGLife than DEAP dataset. Finally, the SOM model has an interpretability property, which allows to visually analyze EEG signals in Self-Organizing Maps. |
15,987 | Please write an abstract with title: Holistic Approach to Intrinsic Capacity Assessment: An Engineering Perspective, and key words: Warehousing, Pressing, Aging, Software, Regulation, Security, Biomedical monitoring. Abstract: The growing interest in healthy ageing has fostered the definition and use of proper measures to assess decline in older adults. The World Health Organisation has defined the concept of intrinsic capacity to address this issue. In this paper, we approach the intrinsic capacity concept from an engineering perspective. Our contribution is threefold: (i) we summarise the results of a literature review on the topic, which points to a lack of holistic solutions to assess intrinsic capacity automatically, by using information technology, (ii) we suggest a data-warehouse-inspired architecture to tackle the problem, and (iii) we discuss the main challenges that remain open and must be studied in the future. Overall, this paper is a first step towards the definition of an architecture allowing the practical implementation of a holistic, context-aware, automatic system to measure intrinsic capacity and monitor the healthy ageing of elders. |
15,988 | Please write an abstract with title: Continuous Multi-modal Emotion Prediction in Video based on Recurrent Neural Network Variants with Attention, and key words: Deep learning, Human computer interaction, Recurrent neural networks, Text recognition, Semantics, Computer architecture, Predictive models. Abstract: Automatic perception and understanding of human emotion is becoming an increasingly attractive research field in artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction. Emotion portrayal within conversation plays a significant role in the semantics of a sentence. However, emotion is not only biologically determined but is also influenced by the environment. Therefore, cultural differences exist in some aspects of emotions, and it is important for the next generation of computer systems to adapt the cross-cultural difference in order to enable more naturalistic interactions between humans and machines. In this paper, we investigate the suitability of state-of-the-art deep learning architectures based on recurrent neural network (RNN) variants with explicit attention modelling to bridge the gap across different cultures (German and Hungarian) for emotion prediction in video. Three different attention based network architectures are proposed in this work:- early attention fusion, extended multi-attention fusion and attention-based encoder-decoder. Our RNN variants with explicit attention modelling approach achieves very promising Concordance Correlation Coefficient results, which outperform the baseline on Arousal of 0.637 vs. 0.614 (baseline), for Valence of 0.689 vs. 0.615 and for Liking of 0.625 vs. 0.222. |
15,989 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic data management for location based services in mobile environments, and key words: Environmental management, Costs, Mobile computing, Data engineering, Pattern analysis, Delay, Databases, Computer science, Engineering management, Data analysis. Abstract: We characterize the dynamic data management problem for location based services (LBS) in mobile environments and devise a cost model for servicing both location independent and location dependent data. The cost analysis leads to a set of dynamic data management strategies that employs judicious caching, proactive server pushing and neighborhood replication to reduce service cost and improve response time under changing user mobility and access patterns. Simulation results suggest that different strategies are effective for different types of data in response to different patterns of movement and information access. |
15,990 | Please write an abstract with title: Resource Allocation in Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) for Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks, and key words: Costs, Uncertainty, Computational modeling, Stochastic processes, Programming, Space-air-ground integrated networks, Quantum key distribution. Abstract: Space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN) are one of the most promising advanced paradigms in the sixth generation (6G) communication. SAGIN can support high data rates, low latency, and seamless network coverage for interconnected applications and services. However, communications in SAGIN are facing tremendous security threats from the everincreasing capacity of quantum computers. Fortunately, quantum key distribution (QKD) for establishing secure communications in SAGIN, i.e., QKD over SAGIN, can provide information-theoretic security. To minimize the QKD deployment cost in SAGIN with heterogeneous nodes, in this paper, we propose a resource allocation scheme for QKD over SAGIN using stochastic programming. The proposed scheme is formulated via two-stage stochastic programming (SP), while considering uncertainties such as security requirements and weather conditions. Under extensive experiments, the results clearly show that the proposed scheme can achieve the optimal deployment cost under various security requirements and unpredictable weather conditions. |
15,991 | Please write an abstract with title: Deep Graph-Based Multimodal Feature Embedding for Endomicroscopy Image Retrieval, and key words: Medical diagnostic imaging, Image retrieval, Visualization, Feature extraction, Task analysis. Abstract: Representation learning is a critical task for medical image analysis in computer-aided diagnosis. However, it is challenging to learn discriminative features due to the limited size of the data set and the lack of labels. In this article, we propose a deep graph-based multimodal feature embedding (DGMFE) framework for medical image retrieval with application to breast tissue classification by learning discriminative features of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE). We first build a multimodality graph model based on the visual similarity between pCLE data and reference histology images. The latent similar pCLE–histology pairs are extracted by walking with the cyclic path on the graph while the dissimilar pairs are extracted based on the geodesic distance. Given the similar and dissimilar pairs, the latent feature space is discovered by reconstructing the similarity between pCLE and histology images via deep Siamese neural networks. The proposed method is evaluated on a clinical database with 700 pCLE mosaics. The accuracy of image retrieval demonstrates that DGMFE can outperform previous works on feature learning. Especially, the top-1 accuracy in an eight-class retrieval task is 0.739, thus demonstrating a 10% improvement compared to the state-of-the-art method. |
15,992 | Please write an abstract with title: High Speed Train tracking controller based on Kalman filter, and key words: Resistance, Kalman filters, Mathematical model, Sensors, Estimation, Acceleration, Covariance matrices. Abstract: Aiming at the tracking control of high-speed train, the output feedback design of high-speed train based on Kalman filter is designed. In order to improve the speed tracking accuracy, a linear Kalman filter and an extended Kalman filter based speed observer are designed for the position of high-speed train and the measured linear and nonlinear outputs of the inertial link of the onboard equipment. A sliding mode method based track tracking controller is designed for high-speed train. Lyapunov stability analysis ensures the stability of error variables. The computer simulation gives the estimation error range of different sampling period speed and the effectiveness of the control algorithm. |
15,993 | Please write an abstract with title: Displacement measurement of high-voltage winding for design verification of short-circuit strength of transformer, and key words: Displacement measurement, Acceleration, Integrated circuit measurements, Windings, Stress measurement, Accelerometers, Mechanical variables measurement, Circuit testing, Mechanical sensors, Data acquisition. Abstract: This study describes a measurement method of the displacement of the high voltage winding due to the mechanical stresses generated during short-circuit tests on transformers. Acceleration sensors were attached to three parts of the high voltage winding of 400 kVA transformer for the data acquisition of the acceleration of the winding according to the magnitude of the short circuit currents. Both the radial and the axial acceleration data of the winding were measured by these sensors. Double integration of the measured acceleration data on time was carried out to calculate the displacement of the transformer winding. From the results, the weak parts of the transformer winding could be found. Therefore, it is expected that the proposed measurement method will be utilized to verify the reliability of the numerical analysis for the calculation of short circuit stresses on transformer winding. |
15,994 | Please write an abstract with title: Prompt Report on Exa-Scale HPL-AI Benchmark, and key words: Numerical analysis, Conferences, Benchmark testing, Supercomputers, Optimization, Floating-point arithmetic, Guidelines. Abstract: Our performance benchmark of HPL-AI on the supercomputer Fugaku was awarded in the 55th top500 at ISC20. The effective performance was 1.42 EFlop/s, and the world's first achievement to exceed the wall of exascale in a floating-point arithmetic benchmark. Due to the novelty of HPL-AI, there are few guidelines for large systems and several drawbacks to the large-scale benchmark. It is not enough to replace FP64 operations solely to those on FP32 or FP16. At the least, we need thoughtful numerical analysis for lower-precision arithmetic and introduction of optimization techniques on extensive computing such as on Fugaku. In the poster, we give some comments on the accuracy, implementation, performance improvement, and report on the Exa-scale benchmark on Fugaku. |
15,995 | Please write an abstract with title: A Transaction Cardinality Estimation Approach for QoS-Adjustable Intelligent Blockchain Systems, and key words: Estimation, Blockchains, Quality of service, Protocols, Authentication, Synchronization, Indexes. Abstract: The rapid development of the blockchain leads to a blowout of on-chain transactions, contracts, and currencies, which will further accelerate the increase of data. The existing blockchain systems typically support exact transaction queries, which, however, cannot satisfy the QoS requirements with intelligent adjustment in the blockchain systems. To this end, this paper takes the first step to define and address the practically important problem of transaction cardinality estimation for QoS-adjustable intelligent blockchain systems. We first establish a mathematical relationship between the bit string and transaction cardinality. Thus, we can leverage the number of leading 1s of the obtained bit string to estimate the transaction cardinality. We then improve the block header and body with a corresponding search algorithm to access bit strings in blocks. We also propose an estimation protocol with intelligent adjustable QoS to support accuracy-guaranteed and efficiency-optimized estimation. Finally, we design an authentication scheme and guarantee the reliability of our protocol through rigorous theoretical derivation. When achieving the transaction cardinality estimation in blockchain, two technical challenges need to be addressed. (i) To ensure efficient, verifiable, and overhead-saving bit string accessing mechanism in blockchain, we propose the Merkle Cardinality Tree (MCT) and target block filtering mechanism based on Bloom Filter (BF) in off-chain and improve on-chain block header by joining the abstract of MCT and BF. (ii) To improve estimation efficiency while guaranteeing accuracy requirements in hybrid blockchain scheme, we propose a Dynamic One-round Sampling-based cardinality Estimation (DOSE) protocol and integrate BF-DOSE to intelligently accelerate estimation. We build MCT in Ethereum and store the MCT Root in the block header for estimation authentication. Extensive experiments reveal that our BF-DOSE protocol can well satisfy various accuracy and efficiency requirements of QoS-adjustable intelligent blockchain systems, and is one to two orders of magnitude faster compared with benchmark schemes. |
15,996 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust Handwritten Digit Recognition System using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network on FPGA, and key words: Deep learning, Handwriting recognition, Power demand, Machine learning algorithms, Artificial neural networks, Touch sensitive screens, Timing. Abstract: Handwritten digit recognition (HDR) deals with variety of sources which includes papers, photographs, touch screens to recognize them into different categories. Deep Learning and Machine Learning algorithms are usually difficult to implement on FPGA because of their requirements in terms of power. In this work, handwritten number recognition for FPGAs method is employed using ANN networks. The proposed ANN’s correctness was determined by verification and comparison with numerous ANN networks, and the recognition rate is recorded to be 99.38%. The Xilinx Zybo is used to replicate the network. The utilization of FPGA resources was computed for various activation functions like ReLU, sigmoid size-5, sigmoid size-10 and the accuracy is retained. The parameters like power consumption and timing comparison are observed. The developed IP block occupies less of the total area and results in resource-saving and effective and making it appropriate for additional embedded applications. |
15,997 | Please write an abstract with title: Planning of a sustainable microgrid system using HOMER software, and key words: microgrid, HOMER, PV systems, renewable energy. Abstract: Electricity has been an imminent issue in remote areas. A microgrid system is an essential part of renewable energy sources of which is an integrated solution to global energy insufficiency and attractively caught the attention of energy industry players. Microgrids have immersed increased energy penetration where they have a promising potential of islanding and igniting energy efficiency globally. The objective of this paper is to develop an in-situ conforming microgrid, to explore effect of certain problems (such as power price, grid failure frequency, and grid mean repair time) and its effect to cost (total operating cost, total capital cost, net present cost), electricity production, and unmet load. We used HOMER to develop an optimized PV/Grid/Battery configuration while considering load patterns, temperature, solar irradiance, and other costs. Our study also showed that the upsurge of grid failure frequency and it mean repair time can cause an increase in total operating cost, which also increases even with the increase in power price. Results showed that initial capital cost, operating cost, COE, NPC were considerably economical at R 5,720,272.00, R 588,303.89.00, R 1.48, and R 1,330,000.00 respectively. |
15,998 | Please write an abstract with title: Combined Frequency and Voltage Regulation of a Renewable and Energy Storage Integrated Multi Area Systems Using Cascade Controller, and key words: Renewable energy sources, Time-frequency analysis, Simulation, Power system stability, Superluminescent diodes, Control systems, Wind turbines. Abstract: Large penetration of renewable energy sources in the power system causes frequency and voltage stability problems. The energy storage system is one of the solutions to this problem. Redox flow battery (RFB) is one energy storage device that can compensate for the power mismatch regardless of load variation. This article presents the significant impact of RFB on the combined voltage and frequency control of a two-area hydrothermal system incorporating a wind turbine system in both areas. A new cascade fractional-order PD (FOPD) and tilt-integral-derivative (TID), CFOPD-TID controller, is yielded in all areas to control voltage and frequency under various investigations. Furthermore, an artificial flora algorithm is utilized to obtain the optimal setting of the controller parameters under various scenarios. Finally, various simulation results are analyzed to validate the supremacy of the proposed control approach. |
15,999 | Please write an abstract with title: Rain-Prediction-system-Incorporated Automatic Water Feeding System for Agriculture Application, and key words: Automatic irrigation system, weather prediction, Arduino, Sensor, Internet of Tings. Abstract: The countries whose economies are built on agriculture and where the meteorological circumstances cause a lack of rain and a scarcity of water served as the inspiration for this paper. The ongoing requirement to monitor over-irrigation is one of the many issues farmers encounter in their regular farming tasks. In this paper, a idea is put out that involves developing a system to fully automate irrigation so that farmer need not work hard. The goal is to install a wireless sensor network in the field that will gather information about soil moisture and monitor weather and send instructions to turn on the water pump if the level drops below a predetermined threshold. The system has been improved by incorporating rain prediction into the architecture. This improves the efficiency of the system to use rain water when it is available. |
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