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17,500 | Please write an abstract with title: The Explicit Finite Element Analysis of the Concrete Arch Dams from Local Damage to Whole Failure, and key words: Solid modeling, Analytical models, Dams, Geology, Numerical simulation, Finite element analysis, Plastics. Abstract: In this paper, the failure process of concrete arch dam is the focus of research. Based on the quasi-static solution technique, the explicit analysis method is used to study the failure process of 78m high concrete double-curve arch dam under the condition of homogeneous dam foundation. The whole process of plastic failure of the concrete arch dam with homogeneous foundation in the process of overload from local damage to whole failure is studied. The numerical simulation results show that under the same load case, the calculation results of explicit analysis and implicit analysis are basically the same. The implicit analysis does not converge when the overloaded factor is 1.64, and the explicit analysis method based on the quasi-static solution technique can simulate the failure process of the arch dam more complete. When the overloaded factor reaches 6.0, the plastic failure zone of the dam body is connected, and the arch dam structure fails. |
17,501 | Please write an abstract with title: A phase space investigation of bi-stable systems by means of vectors, and key words: Relays, Acceleration, Delay effects, Ducts, Negative feedback, Differential equations. Abstract: An investigation is made to determine the conditions under which a third order system with a bi-stable element will maintain a high frequency oscillation rather than exhibit simple relay switching. A criterion is developed in general terms. The study is made in phase space and vectors are used to determine the direction in which the trajectory intersects the switching plane. The appendix contains an example wherein the criterion is applied to a specific system and the results compared with computer data. |
17,502 | Please write an abstract with title: An approach to designing intelligent decision-making support systems on the basis of the logic-semiotic apparatus, and key words: Intelligent systems, Decision making, Fuzzy logic, Fuzzy control, Mathematical model, Intelligent robots, Calculus, Logic programming, Fuzzy systems, Power engineering. Abstract: An approach to designing intelligent decision support systems is proposed, and the logic-semiotic apparatus underlying them is described. An example of constructing the control model of a robot is presented. The tools for developing intelligent decision support systems are described. |
17,503 | Please write an abstract with title: A New Framework for Multiple Deep Correlation Filters Based Object Tracking, and key words: Analytical models, Correlation, Tracking, Neural networks, Benchmark testing, Signal processing, Feature extraction. Abstract: In recent years, Correlation Filter (CF) based tracking methods using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) features have achieved the state-of-the-art performance for object tracking. However, how to design an efficient deep CF based tracking method has not been well studied in the literature. To address this issue, we first develop a generic framework, which breaks a deep CF based tracking method into five components, including motion model, CNN feature extractor, CF model, CF updater, and location model. According to this framework, we design each component step by step. Then we propose a novel deep CF based tracking method by combining five effective components together. The proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art tracking methods on two tracking benchmarks. Then the ablative experiments are conducted to study the influence of each component. The results show that the CF model and the CNN feature extractor play the most important roles in a deep CF based tracking method. Moreover, the CF updater, the location model, and the motion model can also improve the performance substantially. |
17,504 | Please write an abstract with title: Timeliness in COTS factory-floor distributed systems: what role for simulation?, and key words: Analytical models, Delay, Timing, Real time systems, Distributed computing, Scheduling algorithm, Computational modeling, Mirrors, Costs, Mathematical model. Abstract: In the past few years, a significant amount of work has been devoted to the timing analysis of Ethernet-based technologies. However, none of these address the problem of timeliness evaluation at a holistic level. This paper describes a research framework embracing this objective. It is advocated that, simulation models can be a powerful tool, not only for timeliness evaluation, but also to enable the introduction of less pessimistic assumptions in an analytical response time approach, which, most often, are afflicted with simplifications leading to pessimistic assumptions and, therefore, delusive results. To this end, we address a few inter-linked research topics with the purpose of setting a framework for developing tools suitable to extract temporal properties of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) factory-floor communication systems. |
17,505 | Please write an abstract with title: Radiation from aperture antennas radiating in the presence of a dielectric sphere, and key words: Aperture antennas, Dielectrics, Wave functions, Electromagnetic waveguides, Pattern analysis, Antenna radiation patterns, Dipole antennas, Electromagnetic scattering, Silicon compounds, Heating. Abstract: A more systematic and rigorous procedure for analyzing the radiation patterns of an open-ended wavegnide radiating in the presence of a dielectric sphere is presented. The analysis is based on the formula developed earlier [5] for radial translation of the spherical vector wave functions. An experimental program is described which confiras the validity of the analysis presented. |
17,506 | Please write an abstract with title: Social-based Cooperation of Vehicles for Data Dissemination of Critical Urban Events, and key words: Relays, Monitoring, Urban areas, Vehicular ad hoc networks, Logic gates, Data dissemination, Social networking (online). Abstract: Critical urban events need to be efficiently handled, for instance, through rapid notification. VANETs are a promising choice in supporting notification of information on arbitrary critical events. Although the dynamicity of VANETs compromises the dissemination process, the connections among vehicles based on users' social interests allow for optimizing message exchange and data dissemination. This paper introduces SOCIABLE, a robust data dissemination system for critical urban events that operates in a SIoV network. It is based on vehicles' community with common interests and/or similar routines and employs social influence of vehicles according to their network location to select relay vehicles. In a comparative analysis on NS3 with the MINUET system, SOCIABLE achieved 36.56% less packets transmitted in a dense VANET and a maximum packet delivery delay of 28ms in a sparse VANET, delivering critical event data in a real-time and robust way without overloading the network. |
17,507 | Please write an abstract with title: One-Step RT-PCR for Detection of Micrornas in Exosomes Using Droplet Microfluidics, and key words: Micromechanical devices, Sensitivity, Protocols, RNA, Conferences, Sociology, Lung cancer. Abstract: The dysregulation of the microRNAs, small noncoding RNA around 22 bases, accounts for a wide range of diseases including cancer. However, current methods technologies for of the microRNA the detection and analysis of microRNA are limited to the analysis of bulk exosomes, which fails to depict the heterogeneity of the exosome population as individual vesicles. In this work, we developed a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocol on a droplet microfluidic platform. We employed the synthetic hsa-miR-21-5p and exosomes extracted from lung cancer patients in the proof-of-concept experiments. The results indicated that our method can detect as low as a single molecule of microRNA per droplet, which is promising for single exosome microRNA assays. |
17,508 | Please write an abstract with title: Strategic Prosumers-Based Peer-to-Peer Energy Market Design for Community Microgrids, and key words: Microgrids, Real-time systems, Pricing, Peer-to-peer computing, Upper bound, Games, State of charge. Abstract: With the emerging of prosumers in residential level, peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading provides a novel way to prompt the localized management of distributed energy resources (DERs). However, the work of designing an appropriate market framework, with the fair and flexible pricing strategy for each participant, is still very challenging. This article proposes a two-settlement P2P energy market framework for the joint scheduling and trading of prosumers in community microgrid. To provide price certainty and increase the localized transaction volume of DERs, a risk-implemented simultaneous game approach is adopted into the hour-ahead market. For mitigating the supply uncertainties in local, meanwhile optimizing the overall financial benefits for the entire microgrid, a BRP-based reserve services mechanism, with an auction-based pricing strategy, is implemented to a real-time market. The various case-based simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed two-settlement trading scheme for financial benefits enhancing and DERs consumption increasing in the P2P energy market. |
17,509 | Please write an abstract with title: An Automatic Stent Detection for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomographic, and key words: Image segmentation, Clustering algorithms, Gray-scale, Interference, Biomedical optical imaging. Abstract: Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IVOCT) is an important imaging technique for diagnose of atherosclerosis due to its advantages of high spatial and temporal resolutions. In this paper, an automatic detection method is proposed for the evaluation of the stent placement in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). The method mainly contains the flowing three steps. Firstly, the IVOCT images are de-noised by total variation model. Secondly, the ROI zone and the seed points of stents are detected. Finally, the region growing algorithm is used to segment the stents according to the selected seed points. More than one thousand clinical OCT images are collected from 10 post-PCI treatment patients for evaluating the performance of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method could achieve 89.3% accuracy and 86.5% sensitivity. |
17,510 | Please write an abstract with title: Queuing models of vehicle-based automated material handling systems in semiconductor fabs, and key words: Materials handling, Delay estimation, Analytical models, Manufacturing automation, Virtual manufacturing, Semiconductor device manufacture, Throughput, Queueing analysis, Vehicles, Performance analysis. Abstract: This research explores analytical models useful in the design of vehicle-based automated material handling systems (AMHS) to support semiconductor manufacturing. The objective is to correctly estimate the throughput and move request delay. The analysis approach is based on queuing network models, but taking into account details of the operation of the AMHS. We analyze the vehicles movement in the system using a Markov chain. This analysis provides the essential parameters such as the blocking probabilities in order to estimate the performance measures. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate and validate the queuing model. |
17,511 | Please write an abstract with title: Pre-Trained Word Embeddings for Sarcasm Detection in Indonesian Tweets: A Comparative Study, and key words: Sentiment analysis, Social networking (online), Bit error rate, Text categorization, Logic gates, Feature extraction, Classification algorithms. Abstract: In affective computing, sarcasm detection is vital because sarcasm can affect the polarity of sentiment analysis. Sarcasm is one of the most challenging problems researchers face when conducting sentiment analysis. Sarcasm is difficult to identify in text because the meaning of the words expressed by a person are the opposite to what the person really means. Deep learning is currently widely used for sarcasm detection. For generating vector representations of words, three distinct pre-trained word embedding models were employed in this study, namely GloVe, fastText, and BERT. Furthermore, three distinct deep learning architectures were utilized, namely Bidirectional Long Sort-Term Memory (BiLSTM), Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), for sentence-level sarcasm detection in tweets written in Indonesian. The dataset was collected through data crawling using Twitter API. The data was then further preprocessed and features were extracted. The experimental results indicate that the combination of fastText embeddings and BiGRU as the classifier produced the best performance, with an accuracy of 93.85%. |
17,512 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards Backward-Compatible Representation Learning, and key words: Training, Visualization, Task analysis, Feature extraction, Computational modeling, Measurement, Computer architecture. Abstract: We propose a way to learn visual features that are compatible with previously computed ones even when they have different dimensions and are learned via different neural network architectures and loss functions. Compatible means that, if such features are used to compare images, then ``new'' features can be compared directly to ``old'' features, so they can be used interchangeably. This enables visual search systems to bypass computing new features for all previously seen images when updating the embedding models, a process known as backfilling. Backward compatibility is critical to quickly deploy new embedding models that leverage ever-growing large-scale training datasets and improvements in deep learning architectures and training methods. We propose a framework to train embedding models, called backward-compatible training (BCT), as a first step towards backward compatible representation learning. In experiments on learning embeddings for face recognition, models trained with BCT successfully achieve backward compatibility without sacrificing accuracy, thus enabling backfill-free model updates of visual embeddings. |
17,513 | Please write an abstract with title: A generic neurofuzzy model-based approach for detecting faults in induction motors, and key words: Fault detection, Induction motors, Thermal stresses, Residual stresses, Rotors, Bars, Fault diagnosis, Induction generators, Electrical fault detection, Vibrations. Abstract: Many fault detection and diagnosis schemes are based on the concept of comparing the plant output with a model in order to generate residues. A fault is deemed to have occurred if the residue exceeds a predetermined threshold. Unfortunately, the practical usefulness of model-based fault detection schemes is limited because of the difficulty in acquiring sufficiently rich experimental data to identify an accurate model of the system characteristics. This paper aims at developing a generic neurofuzzy model-based strategy for detecting broken rotor bars, which is one of the most common type of faults that may occur in a squirrel-cage induction motor. A neurofuzzy model that captures the generic characteristics of a class of asynchronous motor is the key component of the proposed approach. It is identified using data generated by a simulation model that is constructed using information on the name plate of the motor. Customization for individual motors is then carried out by selecting the threshold for fault detection via an empirical steady-state torque-speed curve. Since data obtained from a practical motor are used to select the threshold and not to build a complete model, the objective of reducing the amount of experimental input-output data required to design a model-based fault detector may be realized. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the viability of the proposed fault detection scheme. |
17,514 | Please write an abstract with title: Mesoscopic photogrammetry with an unstabilized phone camera, and key words: Computer vision, Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Computational modeling, Tools, Cameras, Distortion. Abstract: We present a feature-free photogrammetric technique that enables quantitative 3D mesoscopic (mm-scale height variation) imaging with tens-of-micron accuracy from sequences of images acquired by a smartphone at close range (several cm) under freehand motion without additional hardware. Our end-to-end, pixel-intensity-based approach jointly registers and stitches all the images by estimating a coaligned height map, which acts as a pixel-wise radial deformation field that orthorectifies each camera image to allow plane-plus-parallax registration. The height maps themselves are reparameterized as the output of an untrained encoder-decoder convolutional neural network (CNN) with the raw camera images as the input, which effectively removes many reconstruction artifacts. Our method also jointly estimates both the camera’s dynamic 6D pose and its distortion using a nonparametric model, the latter of which is especially important in mesoscopic applications when using cameras not designed for imaging at short working distances, such as smartphone cameras. We also propose strategies for reducing computation time and memory, applicable to other multi-frame registration problems. Finally, we demonstrate our method using sequences of multi-megapixel images captured by an un-stabilized smartphone on a variety of samples (e.g., painting brushstrokes, circuit board, seeds). |
17,515 | Please write an abstract with title: An efficient architecture for the implementation of message passing programming model on massive multiprocessor, and key words: Message passing, Computer architecture, Application software, Power system modeling, Computer applications, Clocks, Streaming media, Image resolution, HDTV, Costs. Abstract: In this paper, we present a generic high performance architecture model for massive data transfer and computation applications. This application-specific architecture becomes crucial particularly for the design of emerging embedded video applications. Indeed, classic embedded system architectures have limited resources (clock frequency and memory) and consequently they cannot reach the required performance needed by emerging application. Moreover, the mapping of high level programming models (e.g. message passing) on fixed architectures introduces lots of software and communication overhead. This paper proposes an efficient architecture for the implementation of message passing programming model for MPSoC. Flexibility, scalability and high performance of this architecture are illustrated through the implementation of a real time embedded DivX video encoder. |
17,516 | Please write an abstract with title: Wireless Power Transfer based on Bessel beam, and key words: Technological innovation, Conferences, Beams, Wireless power transfer, Metasurfaces, Electromagnetics. Abstract: The development of wireless power transfer (WPT) technology makes its application scenarios continue to increase. For different scenarios, it is necessary to determine the corresponding WPT scheme. This paper researches the high-gain directional beam and focused beam that are used in existing radiating WPT systems in detail. Then introduces Bessel beams into the WPT system, and fully compares the characteristics of the above three different beams. According to the comparison results, multi-target WPT is achieved through the use of Bessel beam. |
17,517 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and control of a 2-dimensional electro-magnetic suspension actuator, and key words: Actuators, Control systems, Magnetic levitation, Sliding mode control, Coils, Propulsion, Magnetic forces, Stability, Error correction, Programmable control. Abstract: This paper proposed a special framework for positioning control of electro-magnetic suspension actuator (EMSA) system in multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs). A conceptual design of the EMSA system consists of a carrier and three active coils, which are utilized to provide the propulsion and levitation forces. The purpose of this research mainly focuses on stabilizing the positioning problem of the 2-D system with the purely non-contact magnetic forces. In view of the fact that a passive magnetic levitation system is an inherently unstable plant, therefore, in this study, we not only make one's utmost to reform the configuration but also design a controller to achieve the stability. Due to the magnetic suspension systems are nonlinear and the existed modeling errors, we apply an adaptive sliding mode controller to eliminate the system's uncertainties and to guarantee the whole system's performance. Finally, from simulation results, the achievement of the required performance of regulation for guiding-axis and tracking for positioning-axis can be validated. |
17,518 | Please write an abstract with title: On Improving Text Generation Via Integrating Text Coherence, and key words: Automatic text generation, Text extraction, Integer programming, Coherence. Abstract: Automatic text generation techniques with either extractive-based or generative-based methods are becoming increasingly popular and widely used in industry. In contrast to existing extractive-based text generation approaches that ignore the text coherence, our proposed approach integrates both keyword coverage and text coherence into our optimization framework. In this paper, we employ the semantics-based coherence and syntax-based coherence metrics to evaluate the text coherence. Extensive experiments on a real corpus demonstrate that our method outperforms baselines overall regrading ROUGE and Human evaluation metrics. Our model provides new insights on how to utilize coherence measures to arrange the sentences extracted by keyword covering method. The proposed method has been deployed on a real system to help generate coherent text. |
17,519 | Please write an abstract with title: Programmable and automatically adjustable on-die terminator for DDR3-SRAM interface, and key words: Impedance, Random access memory, Central Processing Unit, Electrostatic discharge, Protection, Energy consumption, Capacitance, Driver circuits, SRAM chips, Power transmission lines. Abstract: A new programmable and automatically adjustable off-chip driver (OCD) and on-die terminator (ODT) for DDR3-SRAM interface are proposed, to widen the valid data widow. The proposed OCD fills the role of the ODT, and the OCD and the ODT play a role in the ESD protection circuit. This application of 72 Mb DDR3-SRAM provides a 1.5 GHz data rate, and the valid data window of the DDR input signal is 540 ps. The proposed programmable impedance controller (PIC) maintains constant resistance of the ODT within a 3% variation, and supports DDR3-SRAM mode. A new scheme of updating impedance control codes to maintain uniform impedance and a stable power-up sequence for the ODT are also suggested. |
17,520 | Please write an abstract with title: Illegal Trash Thrower Detection Based on HOGSVM for a Real-Time Monitoring System, and key words: Support vector machines, Training, Surveillance, Streaming media, Signal processing, Feature extraction, Real-time systems. Abstract: Some people are too ignorant of their surroundings. Most of them, usually, throw trash illegally in the streets or abandoned areas. In this paper, to get rid of such a problem, we have proposed a real-time monitoring mechanism to find the illegal trash throwing person for an intelligent surveillance system. The proposed mechanism of finding people and trash from the video frame can be done using subsequently applying the following several steps. At first, we have applied the shadow removal technique and then applied the background subtraction procedure. To reduce the noise levels, we have implemented labeling & filtering operations. For extracting feature vectors, a histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) is used. Finally, by applying a support vector machine classifier (SVM), we have identified both humans and trash from the video frames. The key contribution of this proposed framework is to gain better performance by applying the shadow removal technique before the background subtraction procedure. Besides, the temporary bounding box concept has been taken into consideration during the trash detection phase. |
17,521 | Please write an abstract with title: Operator Training Evaluation System Based on Deep Learning, and key words: Training, Neural networks, Expert systems, Vehicles, Production, Switches. Abstract: It is necessary to evaluate operation level of drivers while training them through a driving simulator. In order to avoid the one-sidedness of evaluation only based on vehicle driving conditions or operating logic, a deep learning method is proposed to train the LSTM network using driving data and manual evaluation results to obtain an intelligent evaluation system. In order to generate sample data for training, an expert system based on production rules is constructed. By training the neural network, the evaluation method is more flexible and adaptable than traditional expert systems, which can intelligently evaluate the driver's operation quality. |
17,522 | Please write an abstract with title: Digital Twin Approach for Remote Monitoring of Microgrids, and key words: Analytical models, Microgrids, Real-time systems, Mathematical models, Digital twins, Monitoring, Physics. Abstract: Monitoring of remote microgrids helps in providing better service to the consumers. Prior idea of location/nature of fault and/or device malfunction saves a lot of time for the maintenance engineer during outrages. Thus, the off-site monitoring of microgrids ensures the proper operation as well as efficient work execution during clearance of fault as it gives an idea for the visiting engineer about the location of fault and malfunctioning devices. In this paper, a digital twin based scheme is presented for monitoring the power flow of remote microgrid. Digital twin is a real-time, physics based simulation integrated with the real physical system and provides the estimate of different characteristics in real-time. A physics based digital twin of the remote microgrid (wherein DGs are controlled with conventional droop scheme) is modeled using simulation and the power flow of the microgrid is monitored using digital twin model. The scheme is validated on a real-time simulation platform (RTSP) for different type of loads. Different cores of the RTSP are used for implementing the physical microgrid system and digital twin based monitoring scheme. |
17,523 | Please write an abstract with title: EEG Classification by Minimalistic Convolutional Neural Network Utilizing Context Information, and key words: Training, Sleep, Convolution, Medical services, Electroencephalography, Convolutional neural networks, Labeling. Abstract: Labelling of electroencephalography (EEG) or polysomnography (PSG) recordings can be time consuming for a physician (expert), especially if we consider long term monitoring (e.g. sleep stages). Convolutional neural networks (CNN), which use images created from raw or preprocessed data trials, appear to be a promising method for semi-automated label acquisition. To the best of our knowledge most of the existing studies use only one channel or a very small number of channels in combination with a complicated structure of the CNN. In our study we propose adding context information based on use of multiple channels in an input image. Based on our current understanding and state of the art we expect additional growth of final accuracy. Studies based on this approach show additional input from context information that enhances final validation accuracy. During our research we focused on small structure CNN with only three convolutional layers and two fully connected layers. Additionally, all methods which use CNN structure are heavily influenced by several parameters like number of classes or size of their convolution masks. Secondary goal of this study is to acquaint the reader with these parameters and with possible solutions for their problems. Based on more than six thousand different CNN settings and input settings we managed to acquire results up to 94.6% mean training accuracy and 88.2% mean validation accuracy in sleep stage classification on real PSG including sleep EEG recordings even with easy-to-create CNN structure. |
17,524 | Please write an abstract with title: Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Demonstrator for Electric Vehicle Charging in Distribution Grids, and key words: Low voltage, Electric potential, Power amplifiers, Bidirectional control, Signal processing, Electric vehicle charging, Routing protocols. Abstract: A simple and low-cost Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) demonstrator is developed for the purpose of studying the impact of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging on low voltage distribution grids. An energy saving power circulating method with potential bi-directional function is proposed in this study as well. The distribution grid under test runs on a Digital Real Time Simulator (DRTS), and a controlled 3-phase voltage at one of the nodes is formed using a power amplifier. The practical setup consists of Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) and a system which emulates the charging behaviour of an EV, referred to as an EV emulator. These are integrated using a 15 kW back to back ac-dc converter based power router. Structure, performance and limitations of the test-bed components, communication protocols and signal processing are discussed. |
17,525 | Please write an abstract with title: Time-domain adaptive beamforming of HF backscatter radar signals, and key words: Time domain analysis, Array signal processing, Hafnium, Backscatter, Radar, Adaptive algorithm, Filters, Apertures, Frequency, Digital recording. Abstract: Experimental results relating to the use of time-domain, continuously adapting beamformers in an HF bistatic FM/CW backscatter radar system are presented. Data for the study were obtained using the Wide Aperture HF Radio Research Facility (WARF) which is located in the central valley of California and is operated by Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA. Eastward-looking transmissions were employed with an operating frequency chosen so as to provide single-hop ionospheric propagation on both the forward and backscatter paths. Digital real-time recordings were taken at eight received subarray outputs. These recordings were then processed off-line using a large general purpose computer. The beamforming methods studied, however, are computationally simple and may be readily implemented in real-time using a commercially available minicomputer. Two adaptive algorithms were studied and in both cases it was shown that signal-to-noise ratio improvements of 10 to 15 dB are readily achieved when adaptive beamforming is compared with conventional, Dolph taper beamforming methods using identical received data in an HF backscatter environment. It was also demonstrated that the time scale of coefficient variation in an adaptive processor operating in this environment is the order of 1 s. Successful tracking of the adaptive algorithm under these conditions was demonstrated. The use of moving target indication (MTI) clutter suppression filters at the subarray outputs, prior to adaptation, was investigated. No significant improvement was observed with the use of these filters on experimental data. Finally, it was shown that the presence of fading nulls can significantly affect the determination of optimal subarray location and spacing in an HF environment. In general, the adaptive beamformer performance was found to be less dependent upon array geometry than was the case for conventional processing. |
17,526 | Please write an abstract with title: Facilitating Health Information Exchange in Medical Emergencies, and key words: Protocols, Medical services, Security, Interoperability, Information exchange, Testing, Biomedical engineering. Abstract: Nowadays an increasing attention is paid towards the goal of Health Information Exchange (HIE), especially when it comes to the exchange of health data among different healthcare institutions. A very important aspect though still remains the ability to exchange this data with the citizens as well, in a way that gives the control over their data. To this end, this paper proposes two secure HIE protocols, to facilitate on (i) the secure backup of health data to trusted storage cloud providers, and (ii) on the exchange of health data between individual citizens and trusted healthcare professionals during emergency situations. An evaluation scenario is being followed along with these protocols, resulting in their overall efficiency and applicability, with limitations including the continuous changes of interoperability and security requirements, which are equally addressed in this manuscript. |
17,527 | Please write an abstract with title: A study of the behaviour of synchronous machines by means of the stroboscope, and key words: Synchronous motors, Rotors, DC motors, Pulleys, Switches, Alternators, Induction motors. Abstract: Before presenting to you the following paper I must apologise to you for the theoretical nature of its contents. Although the methods illustrated may be of little use to the practical man you will no doubt realise that they will prove of considerable value to the educationist. |
17,528 | Please write an abstract with title: Double-Pulse Operation Enhances Brightness of Hybrid Perovskite Light Emitting Transistor, and key words: Semiconductor lasers, Brightness, Logic gates, Timing, Transistors, Electrooptic effects. Abstract: We report enhancement of the brightness of hybrid perovskite light emitting transistors operated with independent pulsing of drain and gate bias voltages, attributed to compensation of space-charge effects and improved timing of carrier injection. |
17,529 | Please write an abstract with title: Optical and structural characterization of Z-cut LiNbO/sub 3/ optical waveguides formed in a mixed proton source, and key words: Optical waveguides, Protons, Optical harmonic generation, Nonlinear optics, Optical scattering, Infrared spectra, Integrated optics, Crystallography, Electromagnetic wave absorption, Electrooptical waveguides. Abstract: In this paper, the optical and structural characteristics of Z-cut LiNbO/sub 3/ optical waveguides are experimentally investigated. The waveguides have been fabricated by fully immersing the samples in a closed beaker containing a mixture of benzoic and adipic acid at different concentration ratio. The influence of the dilution ratio on crystallographic phases, wavelength dispersion, diffusion coefficient, and index profile has been determined by using infrared absorption spectroscopy and optical characterization. The control of the thickness of guiding layers corresponding to /spl beta//sub 1/ and /spl beta//sub 2/ phases can be realized by varying the dilution ratio of the melt. |
17,530 | Please write an abstract with title: Quadratic Optimization-Based Nonlinear Control for Protein Conformation Prediction, and key words: Proteins, Peptides, Torque, Kinematics, Couplings, Knowledge based systems, Force. Abstract: Predicting the final folded structure of protein molecules and simulating their folding pathways is of crucial importance for designing viral drugs and studying diseases such as Alzheimer's at the molecular level. To this end, this letter investigates the problem of protein conformation prediction under the constraint of avoiding high-entropy-loss routes during folding. Using the well-established kinetostatic compliance (KCM)-based nonlinear dynamics of a protein molecule, this letter formulates the protein conformation prediction as a pointwise optimal control synthesis problem cast as a quadratic program (QP). It is shown that the KCM torques in the protein folding literature can be utilized for defining a reference vector field for the QP-based control generation problem. The resulting kinetostatic control torque inputs will be close to the KCM-based reference vector field and guaranteed to be constrained by a predetermined bound; hence, high-entropy-loss routes during folding are avoided while the energy of the molecule is decreased. |
17,531 | Please write an abstract with title: Neural network-based adaptive robust control for a class of uncertain systems with measurement noise, and key words: Neural networks, Adaptive systems, Programmable control, Adaptive control, Robust control, Uncertain systems, Measurement uncertainty, Noise measurement, Control systems, Neurofeedback. Abstract: In this paper, neural networks (NNs) and adaptive robust control (ARC) design philosophy are integrated to design performance-oriented control laws for a class of uncertain systems whose output is corrupted by external disturbances. The derived adaptive-robust control schemes not only guarantee all the signals are bounded in the closed loop, but also make the system preserve certain prescribed properties. The cone-bounded assumption on the uncertain dynamics is removed via neural networks. The feedback information is the state with measurement noise. |
17,532 | Please write an abstract with title: Modelling the effects of AC system impedance unbalance on PWM converters using frequency coupling matrices, and key words: Impedance, Pulse width modulation converters, Frequency conversion, Matrix converters, Pulse width modulation, Coupling circuits, Harmonic analysis, AC generators, Voltage, Frequency domain analysis. Abstract: This work analyzes the effect of AC system impedance unbalance on the generation of harmonics by three phase PWM voltage source converters. The investigated circuit is intended to represent a PWM interface to an electrical supply network. The effect is demonstrated by modelling the AC side impedance unbalance and the PWM converter in the frequency domain using frequency coupling matrices (FCMs). |
17,533 | Please write an abstract with title: An improved music representation method by using harmonic-based chord decision algorithm, and key words: Multiple signal classification, Indexing, Data mining, Partitioning algorithms, Cities and towns, Electronic mail, Algorithm design and analysis, Research and development, Music information retrieval, Content based retrieval. Abstract: We develop an algorithm for chord decision for monophonic music, and it can be applied to music indexing and automatic composition systems. The basic ideas of the proposed algorithm can be divided into two phases: the local recognition phase and the global decision phase. The algorithm analyzes the music and assigns a set of chord candidates in the local recognition phase, while deciding the best appropriate chord according to the chord progression rules in the global decision phase. In order to improve the perceptual accuracy, we consider the beat of corresponding notes in a measure and eliminate the effect of the passing notes and ornaments. |
17,534 | Please write an abstract with title: Anti-Drone System: Threats and Challenges, and key words: Privacy, Target tracking, Surveillance, Medical services, Organizations, Autonomous aerial vehicles, Motion pictures. Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicles UAV commonly known as drones are designed to provide numerous beneficial services ranging from package delivery to surveillance. For medical services, drones are used to deliver blood units, ambulance services and other medical services. On the other hand, the drones are utilized into Cinema services such as video recording and image capturing especially in complicated regions. However, the prevalent use of drones poses great threats to public security and personal privacy. These threats are range from illegal activities such as smuggling to those that may be dangerous, such as flying over people at an event, to annoying and invasive activities, such as a neighbor spying. For these reasons, antidrone technology has become such a big issue in recent years. Hence, we need to present what kinds of options are available to the organizations want to get a better sense of the threats that are in their airspace and in turn take relevance actions against. Several types of anti-drone systems are designed based on different techniques including detection and tracking unwanted drone and yet handling their threats. Anti-drone systems are accompanied by some challenges such as detection range, efficient classification methods and suitable mitigation techniques based on drone type as well as target nature. Finally, an optimum features of anti-drone system must be adopted in order to design, implement and realize robust anti-drone systems. |
17,535 | Please write an abstract with title: Hyperspectral and Multispectral Image Fusion Using Optimized Twin Dictionaries, and key words: Dictionaries, Hyperspectral imaging, Image fusion, Spatial resolution, Optimization, Bayes methods, Mathematical model. Abstract: Spectral or spatial dictionary has been widely used in fusing low-spatial-resolution hyperspectral (LH) images and high-spatial-resolution multispectral (HM) images. However, only using spectral dictionary is insufficient for preserving spatial information, and vice versa. To address this problem, a new LH and HM image fusion method termed OTD using optimized twin dictionaries is proposed in this paper. The fusion problem of OTD is formulated analytically in the framework of sparse representation, as an optimization of twin spectral-spatial dictionaries and their corresponding sparse coefficients. More specifically, the spectral dictionary representing the generalized spectrums and its spectral sparse coefficients are optimized by utilizing the observed LH and HM images in the spectral domain; and the spatial dictionary representing the spatial information and its spatial sparse coefficients are optimized by modeling the rest of high-frequency information in the spatial domain. In addition, without non-negative constraints, the alternating direction methods of multipliers (ADMM) are employed to implement the above optimization process. Comparison results with the related state-of-the-art fusion methods on various datasets demonstrate that our proposed OTD method achieves a better fusion performance in both spatial and spectral domains. |
17,536 | Please write an abstract with title: Double resonance in gaseous lasers - Linewidth dependence, and key words: Gas lasers, Laser transitions, Radio frequency, Magnetic resonance, Laser theory, Atomic beams, Saturation magnetization, Shape measurement, Atom lasers, Equations. Abstract: The dependence of the saturation parameter of a double-resonance laser upon atomic linewidths for small RF perturbations was deduced incorrectly from general equations given in [1]. The correct expression for the saturation parameter is derived. Experimental observations are in agreement with the theory. |
17,537 | Please write an abstract with title: Special ICs in digital switching-an overview, and key words: Switching systems, Switching circuits, MOS capacitors, Voltage, Subscriber loops, Large scale integration, Codecs, Telephony, Logic, Solid state circuits. Abstract: Traces the influence of special-purpose integrated and LSI circuits in digital switching systems. The existence of custom digital chips, codecs and filters, and high- and low-voltage analog cross-point arrays is related to the choice between alternative architectures. Recent trends toward replacing mature components such as transformers by subscriber line interface circuits (SLICs) are outlined. |
17,538 | Please write an abstract with title: Providing Designers with Automated Decision-Making within SysML Models to Promote Efficient Model-Based Systems Design, and key words: Analytical models, Patient monitoring, Decision making, Senior citizens, Manuals, Tools, Systems Modeling Language. Abstract: Systems of Systems (SoS) design is a complex process that involves, among other activities, the specification of system structure and requirements, the analysis of behavior and performance, and the exploration of the most appropriate system design solutions. Integration of these activities is advocated by Model-Based Systems Design (MBSD), where a core system model can be enriched with additional capabilities, such as performance analysis or decision-making. The Systems Modeling Language (SysML) is a standard language to utilize model-based design of SoS and create system models, specifying requirements and system constraints. In this work, we focus on integrating decision-making capabilities into SysML to enable system designers to explore alternative solutions that fit the requirements described in SysML. The system model is transformed to a decision model, whose results are automatically incorporated back into the system model. The proposed approach runs iteratively on any typical SysML model and facilitates the designer to explore alternative design solutions, minimizing the manual effort needed to achieve them. As a case study, the approach is applied in the design of a remote patient monitoring system, namely the Remote Elderly Monitoring System (REMS), where the designer decides on a system configuration that covers the needs of the patients. |
17,539 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic tuning of the contention window minimum (CW/sub min/) for enhanced service differentiation in IEEE 802.11 wireless ad-hoc networks, and key words: Delay, Throughput, Media Access Protocol, Wireless application protocol, Access protocols, Wireless networks, Ad hoc networks, Heuristic algorithms, Jitter, Channel capacity. Abstract: The proposed IEEE 802.11e draft standard defines new MAC protocols for QoS in wireless networks, mainly HCF (hybrid coordination function) and EDCF (enhanced distributed coordination function). EDCF is a contention-based channel access scheme and is part of HCF for infrastructure networks and may be used as a separate coordination function for wireless ad-hoc networks. We propose to extend EDCF with a dynamic adaptation algorithm for the minimum contention window (CW/sub min/) that enables each station to tune the size of the CW/sub min/ used in its back-off algorithm at run time. The purpose of our scheme is to reduce delay and jitter and increase the efficiency of the transmission channel. Priorities between access categories are provisioned by tuning the size of the CW/sub min/ according to application requirements and channel conditions. The performances of the IEEE 802.11e EDCF, enhanced with our adaptation algorithm, are extensively investigated by simulation. Results obtained indicate that the CW/sub min/ adaptation scheme outperforms the 802.11e EDCF standard in terms of channel utilization, throughput, and packet delay. Indeed, the delay for the high priority access category decreases by up to 30%, total throughput increases by up to 18%, and channel capacity is at least 15% higher. |
17,540 | Please write an abstract with title: A study of self-adaptive transmission for integrated voice and data services over an IEEE 802.11 WLAN, and key words: Wireless LAN, Media Access Protocol, Delay, Access protocols, Wide area networks, Information science, Broadband communication, Wireless communication, Communication standards, Wireless application protocol. Abstract: The IEEE 802.11 standard MAC is a hybrid protocol of random access and polling when both DCF (distributed coordination function) and PCF (point coordination function) are used. On the base of the performance analysis of the MAC protocol for integrated data and voice transmission by simulation, this paper puts forward a self-adaptive transmission scheme to support multi-service over the IEEE 802.11 WLAN. The simulation results show that, on the premise of satisfying the maximum allowable delay of packet voice, the self-adaptive transmission scheme can improve the data traffic performance and increase the WLAN capacity through dynamic and appropriate adjustment of the protocol parameters. Especially, the scheme is easy to be realized for no change in the MAC protocol is needed. |
17,541 | Please write an abstract with title: Millimeter Wave MIMO Channel Estimation with 1-bit Spatial Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converters, and key words: Sigma-delta modulation, Quantization (signal), Transmitters, Channel estimation, Modulation, Signal processing algorithms, Receivers. Abstract: This paper focuses on channel estimation for mmWave MIMO systems with 1-bit spatial sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The channel estimation performance with 1-bit spatial sigma-delta modulators (i.e., ADCs or DACs) depends on the quantization noise modeling. Therefore, we present a new method for modeling the quantization noise by leveraging the deterministic input-output relation of the 1-bit spatial sigma-delta modulator. Using this new noise model, we propose a channel estimation algorithm for a narrowband single-user mmWave line-of-sight MIMO system by determining the unknown angles and path attenuation that characterize the flat-fading channel. Through simulations, we demonstrate that the performance of the developed method is comparable to the traditional unquantized system and significantly better than the conventional 1-bit quantized system. |
17,542 | Please write an abstract with title: Methodological Principles for Deep Learning in Software Engineering, and key words: Deep learning, Conferences, Neural networks, Turning, Software engineering, Guidelines. Abstract: There are increasingly deep learning approaches being used in software engineering domain. While, there are no agreement on how to adopt deep learning in this new domain. This work presents methodological principles for deep learning in software engineering. Firstly, this work summarizes how to evaluate deep learning results in software engineering. Secondly, this paper suggest methodological principle can be used in this new scenario. We construct these methodological principles as a guideline for deep learning research in software engineering. |
17,543 | Please write an abstract with title: Approximating Posterior Cramér–Rao Bounds for Nonlinear Filtering Problems Using Gaussian Mixture Models, and key words: Monte Carlo methods, AWGN, Uncertainty, Target tracking, Computational modeling, Gaussian mixture model. Abstract: The posterior Cramér-Rao bound (PCRB) is a fundamental tool to assess the accuracy limit of the Bayesian estimation problem. In this article, we propose a novel framework to compute the PCRB for the general nonlinear filtering problem with additive white Gaussian noise. It uses the Gaussian mixture model to represent and propagate the uncertainty contained in the state vector and uses the Gauss-Hermite quadrature rule to compute mathematical expectations of vector-valued nonlinear functions of the state variable. The detailed pseudocodes for both the small and large component covariance cases are also presented. Three numerical experiments are conducted. All of the results show that the proposed method has high accuracy and it is more efficient than the plain Monte Carlo integration approach in the small component covariance case. |
17,544 | Please write an abstract with title: Monitoring of water/ice state using millimeter waves for the agricultural field, and key words: Monitoring, Ice, Millimeter wave measurements, Millimeter wave technology, Plants (biology), Absorption, Gunn devices, Oscillators, Moisture measurement, Agriculture. Abstract: In this research, we have built an experimental setup for measuring the water content in plants or food material, and for determining the water/ice state of a sample, as an application of millimeter waves in the agricultural field. Our measurement system for water content is based on a 35 GHz Gunn oscillator. We have checked that the absorption of a leaf is directly proportional with its water content; consequently, we suggested a nondestructive technique for monitoring the leaf moisture level by measuring its transmission in the millimeter wave region. This method can be applied in agriculture for monitoring the plant growing process. Identically, the water content in sesame seeds was measured in a reflection configuration. Additionally, a possible industrial application was suggested. Another direction of research consists in discriminating between the liquid state and the solid state of water. The difference in absorption coefficients for water and ice in the millimeter range is significant (ice absorbs three order of magnitude less than water), which allows the detection and monitoring of the water/ice state in a series of applications. |
17,545 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust and Cost-Effective Synchronization Scheme for a Multicell Grid Emulator, and key words: Windings, Power transformer insulation, Magnetic circuits, Atmospheric modeling, Transformer cores, Synchronization. Abstract: Steadily increasing requirements for grid-connected converters, their growing unit power, and output voltage call for flexible high-power medium-voltage grid emulators. Four-quadrant cascaded H-bridge topology features high output voltage resolution and high effective switching frequency, which enable high-dynamic high-fidelity grid emulation. This article shows that despite nonidealities (turn ratios, phase-shift angles, and different stray inductances) in a typical phase-shifting multiwinding transformer, active front-ends of the cells can be effectively synchronized to their respective supply voltages using transformer primary-side voltage measurements and nameplate values. Consequently, cell input filters can be omitted, making the grid emulator more compact, cheaper, faster, and exhibiting more robust grid synchronization. Theoretical developments and designs are verified by means of high-fidelity time-domain simulations. |
17,546 | Please write an abstract with title: SMIB Power System Dynamic Modeling and Simulation with TCSC Using PSO, and key words: Thyristors, Systematics, System performance, Simulation, Power system stability, Linear programming, Stability analysis. Abstract: In terms of improving the power system's stability, this study describes a method for designing, simulating and fine-tuning the variables of such a Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) controller. The TCSC controller design challenge is framed as an optimisation problem, then Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used to find the best TCSC controller settings. The system's stability is improved by minimising a time-domain dependent objective function that encompasses the generator's asynchronous rotor speed variation. |
17,547 | Please write an abstract with title: The Cauchy Method, and key words: Matrix decomposition, Measurement uncertainty, Interpolation, Extrapolation, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Transforms, Transfer functions. Abstract: This chapter presents the concept of the Cauchy method for the interpolation and extrapolation of data. The Cauchy method is to interpolate and extrapolate the data from calculating coefficients simultaneously of the numerator and denominator polynomials which are used to approximate the data by a ratio of two polynomials. The usefulness of the Cauchy method is demonstrated for the ease in which it can be incorporated into a Method of Moments program to speed up the computation process over a broad band. The Cauchy method can also be used in the analysis of filters over a broad frequency range. An application of the Cauchy method is in creating a data‐base of many devices working in varying operating conditions. A fast and accurate interpolation algorithm is proposed to reconstruct the high resolution amplitude‐only frequency domain response such as radar cross section and antenna radiation patterns from sparse and non‐uniform samples based on the Cauchy method. |
17,548 | Please write an abstract with title: Bitcoin-Blockchain Technology: Security Perspective, and key words: Online banking, Bitcoin, Pressing, Proof of Work, Blockchains, Security. Abstract: Nowadays, Blockchain technology has also drawn mammoth attention as it is currently triggering multiple projects. This technology is the prevalent technology that allows Bitcoin to operate. Bitcoin has already cemented itself as a popular virtual currency, and it will soon become a pressing requirement for citizens. Furthermore, with digital currencies proliferating all over the world, security must not be overlooked, especially when there have been numerous attacks and security vulnerabilities on bitcoin's blockchain. However, the lucrative system has drawn opponents and attackers who are continually attempting to exploit flaws in the technology in order to get profit. This paper contemplates the bitcoin's transaction process, with a focus on obscuring the true identities of clients and their coins prior to transacting, and then elucidating on the following: SHA-256 function, the primary threats to Bitcoin's security, along with some countermeasures to be undertaken. |
17,549 | Please write an abstract with title: Improved precise tomography- and aperture-dependent compensation for Synthetic Aperture Radar, and key words: Azimuth, Tracking, Error compensation, Atmosphere, Data collection, Apertures, Radar tracking. Abstract: Due to the presence of atmosphere turbulence and the instability of airplane platform, deviations arise between the real track and the nominal one during synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data collection, which are referred to as motion errors. As for most known approaches (for example, precise tomography-and aperture-dependent algorithm), a reference range bin and reference azimuth time are assumed to perform the bulk rangeand azimuth-invariant compensation, leaving the range spreads and residual azimuth phase errors that impact the geometric fidelity of the final image. In this paper, a new fashion, entitled modified precise tomography- and aperture-dependent (MPTA), is proposed to make the complete corrections of the space-variant motion errors compensation. For the arbitrary residual motion errors and unsolved closed form of Doppler frequency-time relation, the numerical computation is developed along azimuth direction. Finally, we would present numerical experimental results characterizing the performance of the proposed MPTA. |
17,550 | Please write an abstract with title: Transposition of a baseband UWB signal at 60 GHz for high data rate indoor WLAN, and key words: Baseband, Wireless LAN, Pulse modulation, Frequency, Pulse generation, MMICs, Voltage-controlled oscillators, Transceivers, Multiaccess communication, Switches. Abstract: The purpose of this letter is to demonstrate the high potentiality in terms of data rate and multiple access of a novel 60-GHz WLAN architecture for smart objects and indoor communication systems. This approach is based on the up-conversion of an ultrawide-bandwidth impulse radio signal (IR-UWB) in the 60-GHz frequency range to benefit of the natural advantages of the UWB technique while avoiding the baseband limitations. First results about the pulse generator and receiver architecture are discussed. |
17,551 | Please write an abstract with title: Characterization of Knee and Gait Features From a Wearable Tele-Health Monitoring System, and key words: Knee, Feature extraction, Support vector machines, Older adults, Radio frequency, Monitoring, Machine learning. Abstract: Mobility is crucial for healthy aging. Any disruption to mobility can affect mental, physical and social health, and socio-economic independence. Therefore, studies in gait and lower-joint functionality with respect to different demographic features will play a vital role in maintaining good mobility. In this study, we analyzed a gait database from 70 healthy subjects (18–86 years) constructed using our custom-built multi-sensor-based wearable tele-health monitoring system. The purpose was to extract and use the most informative features for classifying knee joint and gait characteristics of the subjects with respect to their age, body mass index – BMI, and sex. Four supervised machine learning algorithms: partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to classify the subjects. The features that significantly contributed to all classifications are knee angle, quadriceps muscle pressure adjacent to the knee joint, rotational energy (mediolateral and vertical), acceleration energy (mediolateral), cross-sample entropy (anteroposterior-mediolateral), knee angle variability, symmetry of swing and stance phase, and walk ratio. Classification accuracies of all four methods were ~89%, 83%, 81%, 86% for age, 90%, 80%, 83%, 86% for BMI, and 97%, 97%, 96%, 97% for sex, respectively. PLS-DA had the best classification performance for all three categories which makes it preferable for these kinds of analyses. Thus, our knee and gait monitoring system coupled with an efficient machine learning tool can be exploited for real-time evaluation and early diagnoses of mobility disabilities, health assessment, and monitoring the need for interventions. |
17,552 | Please write an abstract with title: Measuring the Prevalence of the Password Authentication Vulnerability in SSH, and key words: Password, Authentication, Servers, Tools, Protocols, Sockets, Probes. Abstract: Securing and hardening network protocols and services is a resource-consuming and continuous effort. Thus, it is important to question how prolific known, mitigable features of those protocols are. The Secure Shell (SSH) protocol is a good example due to its known vulnerability in using password based authentication. We take a closer look at these configurations to identify how prevalent the use of password authentication is at an internet scale. We show that current scanning tools and services provide a starting point in evaluating prevalence, but need to be validated for specific implementations. We also demonstrate that it is possible to augment some of these tools and services to determine the prevalence of password authentication in SSH specifically. As part of our evaluation, we propose a novel method for probing an SSH service to establish if password authentication is allowed, without being intrusive or causing harm to the host. Finally, we show that our analysis has resulted in determining that more than 65% of the over 20 million SSH servers on the public internet allow password authentication. |
17,553 | Please write an abstract with title: Composite Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery With Collaborative Learning, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Vibrations, Gears, Rotating machines, Very large scale integration, Collaborative work, Production facilities. Abstract: Rotating machinery is a machine with a rotating component to do the energy transformation, which is widely used in vehicle engines, power plants, manufacturing factories, etc. Because of the continuous rotation, the bearing and gear are subject to a defect in the rotating machines, which damages the reliability of the machine. To provide a sustained normal working status, predictive maintenance (PdM) is usually applied to monitor the working health during the machine running by gathering different sensing data. However, highly diverse and massive sensing data increase the challenge to analyze the fault signals in the machine. Besides, the situation with composite faults (i.e., faults that happen in different components in a machine) worsens the difficulty to diagnose the target machine efficiently. To solve this problem, we propose a kind of hierarchy collaborative learning method in this work. Different from conventional centralized learning to analyze heterogeneous sensing data, collaborative learning uses multiple sub-learning units to analyze the local homogeneous sensing data priorly. Then, perform fusion operation for each sub learning unit obtained from homogenous sensing data to predict the final composite fault diagnosis results. In this way, we can not only ensure the quality of the signal fault diagnosis but improve the accuracy of the composite fault's diagnosis significantly. Compared with the centralized learning methods, the proposed collaborative learning method can achieve a 12% improvement in the accuracy of predicting the composite fault diagnosis. |
17,554 | Please write an abstract with title: Advances in HEMT Technology and Applications, and key words: HEMTs, Gallium arsenide, FETs, Conducting materials, MODFETs, Millimeter wave technology, Millimeter wave transistors, Noise figure, Performance gain, Electrons. Abstract: High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have demonstrated unsurpassed transistor performance in the millimeter-wave range--at 60 GHz, results include a minimum noise figure of 2.3 dB with 4.0 dB associated gain, maximum small-signal gain of 11.7 dB, output power of 50 mW, power density of 0.43 W/mm and maximum power-added efficiency of 28%. The principles of HEMT operation and design are described, followed by a summary of the current state-of-the-art in noise and power performance, and discussion of several applications. |
17,555 | Please write an abstract with title: Binocular Visual Mechanism Guided No-Reference Stereoscopic Image Quality Assessment Considering Spatial Saliency, and key words: Image quality, Visualization, Three-dimensional displays, Visual communication, Image databases, Convolution, Stereo image processing. Abstract: In recent years, with the popularization of 3D technology, stereoscopic image quality assessment (SIQA) has attracted extensive attention. In this paper, we propose a two-stage binocular fusion network for SIQA, which takes binocular fusion, binocular rivalry and binocular suppression into account to imitate the complex binocular visual mechanism in the human brain. Besides, to extract spatial saliency features of the left view, the right view, and the fusion view, saliency generating layers (SGLs) are applied in the network. The SGL apply multi-scale dilated convolution to emphasize essential spatial information of the input features. Experimental results on four public stereoscopic image databases demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art SIQA methods on both symmetrical and asymmetrical distortion stereoscopic images. |
17,556 | Please write an abstract with title: Explainability in Claims models, a particular case of occupational accidents insurance, and key words: Analytical models, Costs, Insurance, Predictive models, Information systems, Accidents. Abstract: This article presents a non-exhaustive analysis of alternatives for the development of models to predict the ultimate cost of claims and explainability techniques that seek to facilitate the understanding of the different models proposed for a set of claims that occurred between 1985 and 2005.The models with the best results and the process that was carried out for the use of the different methods are shown, the tests carried out are commented and the best alternatives are identified for the prediction of the cost of claims based on the characteristics available in the base. as well as the respective analysis of explainability that seek to facilitate their understanding and, to a certain level, their review. |
17,557 | Please write an abstract with title: Customer-Specific Robotic Attendant for VR Simulators, and key words: Games, Customer satisfaction, Virtual reality, Robot vision systems, Human-robot interaction. Abstract: With regard to virtual reality (VR) simulators, direct guidance is needed due to the complex procedures and safety of customers compared with simple coin-op amusement games. However, it is difficult for human attendants to repeatedly guide the customer with a high level of service quality. In this article, we propose a new type of robotic attendant for VR simulators, which provides personalized high-quality services and automatically operates the VR simulators in VR theme parks. In addition, the robotic attendant improves customer satisfaction by providing personalized services based on the estimation of the customer's age, gender, and game progress. Finally, we experimentally show that the personalized services provided by the robotic attendant improve customer satisfaction. The results of the satisfaction questionnaire and independent-samples t-test validate our proposed scheme. |
17,558 | Please write an abstract with title: FHMM Based Industrial Load Disaggregation, and key words: Reactive power, Energy consumption, Power measurement, Power demand, Fluctuations, Hidden Markov models, Energy measurement. Abstract: Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is an efficient way for energy disaggregation, as it can identify and monitor power consumption of downstream appliances or equipment from the aggregated data acquired from a single electricity metering point. There are many researches and applications of NILM in residential load disaggregation, but very few are applied on industrial load so far. This paper studies the industrial load disaggregation via NILM based on on-situ monitoring energy consumption data from one factory. The factorial hidden Markov model (FHMM) is applied for load disaggregation of five industrial equipment in the factory with the active power and reactive power data synchronously sampled at the rate of 1 Hz. This is the first attempt of using FHMM with both active power and reactive power as outputs for modeling industrial load in this field of NILM, and the promising results demonstrate its effectiveness for industrial load disaggregation. |
17,559 | Please write an abstract with title: Bayes-based confidence measure in speech recognition, and key words: Speech recognition, Automatic speech recognition, Engines, Acoustic measurements, Telephony, Viterbi algorithm, Density measurement, Decoding, Natural languages, Humans. Abstract: In this letter, Bayes-based confidence measure (BBCM) in speech recognition is proposed. BBCM is applicable to any standard word feature and makes use of information about the speech recognition engine performance. In contrast to ordinary confidence measures, BBCM is a probability, which is interesting itself from the practical and theoretical point of view. If applied with word density confidence measure (WDCM), BBCM dramatically improves the discrimination ability of the false acceptance curve when compared to WDCM itself. |
17,560 | Please write an abstract with title: Generalised environment for process management in cooperative software engineering, and key words: Environmental management, Engineering management, Software engineering, Project management, Communication system control, Open source software, Software development management, Process control, Technology management, Software agents. Abstract: In this paper we present an open source platform supporting distributed software engineering processes, which is currently under development in the GENESIS project (generalised environment for process management in cooperative software engineering). It supports the definition, enactment and control of software processes in a distributed manner and the formal and informal communication among distributed software engineer teams using workflow and document management technologies. We make use of software agents as technological glue to control and monitor the activities execution at different sites (low invasive approach). The highly flexible process definition language allows the project manager to define a software process at different levels of detail supporting both iterative refinement and on the fly activities flow modification. |
17,561 | Please write an abstract with title: Fastest linearly independent arithmetic transforms over GF(3), and key words: Arithmetic, Multivalued logic, Computational complexity, Logic functions, Computational efficiency, Stochastic processes, Galois fields, Filtering, Algebra, Polynomials. Abstract: In this paper, the family of fastest ternary linearly independent arithmetic transforms, which possesses forward and inverse butterfly diagrams with lowest computational complexity have been identified. This family is recursively defined and has consistent formulas relating forward and inverse transform matrices. Computational costs of the calculation for presented transforms are also discussed. |
17,562 | Please write an abstract with title: A high luminosity position sensitive neutron detector for residual stress measurements, and key words: Neutrons, Position sensitive particle detectors, Residual stresses, Position measurement, Stress measurement, Extraterrestrial measurements, X-ray diffraction, Inductors, Moon, Testing. Abstract: Because the diffraction angle is equal or close to 90/spl deg/ in residual stress measurements by neutron diffraction, the luminosity of the device can be increased by expansion of the detection window height without deformation of the diffraction peak. A high luminosity position sensitive neutron detector has been designed and fabricated for measuring residual stress. The detector has a working window of 200 /spl times/ 100 mm/sup 2/. The detector has high efficiency, good position resolution and linearity, small position error and low background counts. The results of the detector characteristics are presented. |
17,563 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of Kubernetes Scheduling Strategy Based on LSTM and Grey Model, and key words: Kubernetes, container, scheduling, resource fragmentation, LSTM. Abstract: As one of the popular container orchestration tools in the current community, kubernetes has been paid attention to the industry for its advanced design ideas and applied to the actual production environment. By analyzing the overall architecture and scheduling strategy of kubernetes, we proposes a method of optimizing the container scheduling algorithm by combining the grey system theory with the LSTM(Long Short-Term Memory) neural network prediction method in this paper. From the experience results we can see that algorithm can reduce the resource fragmentation problem of working nodes in the cluster and increase the utilization of cluster resources. |
17,564 | Please write an abstract with title: Digital Multiplexing of Rectangular Gratings for Multiple Independent Resonance Modes, and key words: Gratings, Resonators, Metals, Resonant frequency, Reflection, Frequency division multiplexing, Surface waves, Surface plasmons. Abstract: Multiplexed gratings can provide multiple independent resonance modes for control of light–matter interactions. Here, we propose a method to digitally multiplexing rectangular metal gratings that can be fabricated with planar processing technologies, and adaptable to various structure and material systems. As different logic operators (OR, AND, XOR) may be applied in the multiplexation, we investigate their influences on plasmonic resonance properties of as–multiplexed metallic gratings, as well as dependences of their performances on structure features of the constitutive gratings. It’s concluded that, generally, the OR–operation on constitutive rectangular metal gratings with a medium ratio of ridge–width to period generates optimal multiplexed gratings that have excellent plasmonic resonance figures and are less critical for fabrication. The proposed structures may be applied in developing sensors and optoelectronic devices for improved performances or novel functions. |
17,565 | Please write an abstract with title: Heterogeneous Cryo-EM Projection Image Classification Based on Common Lines, and key words: Three-dimensional displays, Microscopy, Conferences, Clustering algorithms, Classification algorithms, Reliability, Matrix converters. Abstract: Reconstruction of heterogeneous cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures is a very challenging task for discovering conformational heterogeneity of biological macro-molecules and their complexes in different functional states, where heterogeneous projection image classification is a key technology. In this paper, three heterogeneous projection image classification algorithms based on the similarity and reliability of common lines are proposed, in which the reliability of common lines is calculated according to two voting algorithms. The similarity and reliability of common lines are converted into adjacency matrices using a k-nearest neighbor algorithm and a shared nearest neighbor algorithm. The adjacency matrices are used as the input of a normalized spectral clustering algorithm to perform the classification of heterogeneous projection images. The proposed algorithms are applied to two heterogeneous cryo-EM datasets to demonstrate their classification performance. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms can achieve higher classification accuracy in comparison with R ELION and XMIPP, indicating that they are effective in the 3D reconstruction of heterogeneous cryo-EM structures. |
17,566 | Please write an abstract with title: Transmitter identification using embedded pseudo random sequences, and key words: Random sequences, Digital TV, Radio transmitters, Interference, Signal processing, Radiofrequency identification, Frequency, TV broadcasting, Autocorrelation, Radio broadcasting. Abstract: A transmitter identification system for DTV distributed transmission network using embedded pseudo random sequences is investigated. Different orthogonal pseudo random sequences and their suitability for transmitter identification are discussed. Code generators are developed to study the auto-correlation and cross-correlation properties of the Kasami sequences. To speed up the identification process, the embedded pseudo random sequence is preferred to be time-synchronized with the DTV frame structure. Therefore, the length of the identification code has to be truncated before it is fitted into each field of the ATSC DTV signal. The impact of truncation noise and in-band DTV interference on transmitter identification is also investigated. It is shown that the auto-correlation and cross-correlation properties are only slightly affected by truncation. It is also found that the dominant interference to the transmitter identification is the in-band DTV signal. The signal to truncation noise ratio and signal to DTV interference ratio in the correlation output are derived, and verified via simulation. It is further recognized that in-band DTV interference can only be mitigated by increasing the code length or by time-domain averaging technique to smoothen out the in-band interference. |
17,567 | Please write an abstract with title: Exception-Tolerant Hierarchical Knowledge Bases for Forward Model Learning, and key words: Games, Analytical models, Context modeling, Knowledge based systems, Training, Reinforcement learning, Approximation algorithms. Abstract: This article provides an overview of the recently proposed forward model approximation framework for learning games of the general video game artificial intelligence (GVGAI) framework. In contrast to other general game-playing algorithms, the proposed agent model does not need a full description of the game but can learn the game's rules by observing game state transitions. Based on hierarchical knowledge bases, the forward model can be learned and revised during game-play, improving the accuracy of the agent's state predictions over time. This allows the application of simulation-based search algorithms and belief revision techniques to previously unknown settings. We show that the proposed framework is able to quickly learn a model for dynamic environments in the context of the GVGAI framework. |
17,568 | Please write an abstract with title: Influence of resolution degradation on distance estimation in virtual space displaying static and dynamic image, and key words: Image resolution, Degradation, Virtual reality, Space technology, Virtual environment, Computer graphics, Navigation, Laboratories, Aerospace industry, Visual perception. Abstract: The virtual reality (VR) technology has been used as the application of architectural presentation or simulation tool in the field of industry. The high immersion and intuitive visual information are the great merits of design evaluation or environmental simulation when we are using the virtual environments. But the distortion of distance perception in VR is still a big problem when the accuracy of distance presentation is strictly required. In this paper, we have carried out some experiments about distance estimation in the immersive virtual environments to verify the factors and their influence. We made a hypothesis that the lack of the information for the user in VR causes the different distance estimation from the real world because users are usually comfortable with moving fast and long distance in VR environments. So, we carried out basic experiment to prove our hypothesis that the lack of information makes subjects estimate the walked distance in VR shorter compared with the same distance in real. Also, among the factors that probably affect the distance estimation in VR, we verified the influence of the image resolution. The influence of resolution degradation of image on the distance estimation was verified with the condition of static and dynamic images. The results showed that the resolution has deep relation with the distance estimation. For example, the subject underestimated the distance at the lower resolution condition. We also find the methods of the making the lower resolution image could affects on the visual perception of subjects. |
17,569 | Please write an abstract with title: Dense Sequential Fusion: Point Cloud Enhancement Using Foreground Mask Guidance for Multimodal 3-D Object Detection, and key words: Autonomous driving, LiDAR, monocular camera, multimodal fusion, object detection. Abstract: Object detection forms the foundation of safe autonomous vehicle (AV) operation. LiDAR and camera are both widely used detection devices, yet they each come with their unique advantages and drawbacks. For instance, LiDAR sensors face challenges such as obstacle occlusion and long-range object detection when applied to 3-D object recognition. On the other hand, cameras are significantly affected by variations in lighting and weather conditions, and they struggle to provide precise depth information. Hence, multisensor fusion is frequently employed to enhance both the accuracy and robustness of object detection. Prominent issues associated with end-to-end fusion include feature misalignment and suboptimal training strategies, while the challenge for the sequential fusion architecture lies in its inability to fully tap into the capabilities of high-density images to enhance point cloud data, especially when dealing with information sparsity at extended ranges. To address these challenges, we present a dense sequential fusion (DSF) framework specifically designed to fuse camera and LiDAR sensor data. The primary goal is to enhance the accuracy and robustness of 3-D object detection, particularly for distant objects. First, we developed a model for augmenting foreground points, specifically targeting sparse points associated with far-range objects. Second, a foreground points refinement technique was implemented to filter long-tail points generated by images. This refinement process has the capability to improve the object’s distinctiveness, especially when dealing with an abundance of edge points while also supplying high-resolution raw and pseudo foreground points. Finally, voxel-based LiDAR 3-D detection methods were employed to detect 3-D objects utilizing the high-resolution raw and pseudo point clouds. The experimental studies were conducted using the KITTI dataset. The results showed that the proposed method improved 3-D mAP by 2.59% compared with PointPillars and 1.27% average precision (AP) for car hard-level detection compared with SECOND. Furthermore, it improved the bird’s eye view (BEV) AP for far-range car detection by more than 10%. |
17,570 | Please write an abstract with title: Monitoring land degradation in Southern Africa based on net primary productivity, and key words: Monitoring, Degradation, Africa, Productivity, Production, Rain, Vegetation mapping, Soil moisture, Temperature, Stress. Abstract: Land degradation involves conditions of reduced net primary production (NPP). Our objective was to develop and evaluate a land degradation monitoring approach that is based on NPP. NPP was modeled using the Global Production Efficiency Model (GLO-PEM) and 1km AVHRR data. Degraded areas in the Northern Province of South Africa were successfully detected using NPP, Rain Use Efficiency (RUE) and Local NPP Scaling (LNS) as measures of land condition. |
17,571 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Operation Risk Prevention and Control Technology of Intelligent Distribution Network Based on Ultra Short Term Load Forecasting, and key words: Load forecasting, Network topology, Distribution networks, Power system reliability, Risk management, State estimation, Accidents. Abstract: The distribution network is at the end of the power system and supplies power directly to the power users. With the development of intelligent distribution network, distribution network will be a complex intelligent system with multiple network structures, complex interconnection and mutual supply relationship, high penetration of distributed power sources, multi-objective, multi constraint and multi operation characteristics. The consequence of distribution system failure may lead to power failure from local to large area. According to statistics, about 80% of the power outage accidents are caused by the failure of the distribution system. Effective risk prevention and control based on the results of operation risk assessment of intelligent distribution network is an important prerequisite to ensure its safe and stable operation. The information obtained from the risk assessment of intelligent distribution network is very large. For online risk prevention and control, it is impossible to conduct online risk prevention and control analysis on all assessment results. It is necessary to select the most serious risk information from the massive result data, and then trigger online risk prevention and control measures to reduce the risk level to a certain extent. Based on ultra short term load forecasting, this paper proposes a risk prevention and control method for distribution network operation. Firstly, the state estimation of intelligent distribution network is based on the results of ultra short term load forecasting. Based on the results of state estimation, the risk assessment of intelligent distribution network is carried out. Secondly, based on the results of risk assessment, risk accidents are screened and sorted. Thirdly, the most important risk accidents are determined based on the network topology analysis to realize the online prevention and control of distribution network operation risk. Finally, the reliability and practicability of the algorithm are verified by the analysis of practical examples. |
17,572 | Please write an abstract with title: P2800/D6.2, Oct 2021 - IEEE Draft Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) Interconnecting with Associated Transmission Electric Power Systems, and key words: IEEE Standards, Power systems, Interoperability, Energy storage, Inverters, Resource management, Power quality, Voltage control, Photovoltaics, Solar power generation. Abstract: Uniform technical minimum requirements for the interconnection, capability, and lifetime performance of inverter-based resources interconnecting with transmission and sub-transmission systems are established in this standard. Included in this standard are performance requirements for reliable integration of inverter-based resources into the bulk power system, including, but not limited to, voltage and frequency ride-through, active power control, reactive power control, dynamic active power support under abnormal frequency conditions, dynamic voltage support under abnormal voltage conditions, power quality, negative sequence current injection, and system protection. This standard also applies to isolated inverter-based resources that are interconnected to an ac transmission system via dedicated voltage source converter high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission facilities; in these cases, the standard applies to the combination of the isolated IBRs and the VSC-HVDC facility, and not to an isolated inverter-based resource (IBR) on its own. |
17,573 | Please write an abstract with title: Using a combination of vibration absorber and a classical active controller to suppress the chatter vibration and increase the stability in turning process, and key words: Vibrations, Process control, Tools, Turning, Brain modeling, Stability analysis, Circuit stability. Abstract: Free, forced, and self-excited vibrations are the three main types of machine tool vibrations. Self-excited vibration is the most important type of destructive vibration in machining. The most important factor in increasing the chipping rate, stability, and tool life is decreasing this type of destructive vibration. In this paper, we aim to introduce a method to control the self-excited vibrations by the means of the combining a vibration absorber as a passive controlling method and a classical active controller such as PID or compensator or the other classical methods. Utilizing the SIMULINK toolbox of MATLAB software, first, we designed and added the vibration absorber to the model simulation. Then, the active controller which can have a piezo actuator force as its input was designed and applied. The effect of each absorber, designed controller, and their combination is investigated as well as the system time response and stability diagrams that are evaluated in the presence and absence of them. Implementation of the control law mentioned above, in its related electronic circuit of the turning machine, will be considered as the future stage of the current project. |
17,574 | Please write an abstract with title: Minicolumn-Based Episodic Memory Model With Spiking Neurons, Dendrites and Delays, and key words: Dendrites (neurons), Biological system modeling, Encoding, Hippocampus, Computational modeling, Biological neural networks, Biological information theory. Abstract: Episodic memory is fundamental to the brain’s cognitive function, but how neuronal activity is temporally organized during its encoding and retrieval is still unknown. In this article, combining hippocampus structure with a spiking neural network (SNN), a new bionic spiking temporal memory (BSTM) model is proposed to explore the encoding, formation, and retrieval of episodic memory. For encoding episodic memory, the spike-timing-dependent-plasticity (STDP) learning algorithm and a proposed minicolumn selection algorithm are used to encode each input item into several active minicolumns. For the formation of episodic memory, a sequential memory algorithm is proposed to store the contexts between items. For retrieval of episodic memory, the local retrieval algorithm and the global retrieval algorithm are proposed to retrieve sequence information, achieving multisentence prediction and multitime step prediction. All functions of BSTM are based on bionic spiking neurons, which have biological characteristics including columnar and dendritic structures, firing and receiving spikes, and delaying transmission. To test the performance of the BSTM model, the Children’s Book Test (CBT) data set was used to conduct a series of experiments under different settings, including changing the number of minicolumns, neurons and sequences, modifying sequence items, etc. Compared to other sequence memory algorithms, the experimental results show that the proposed BSTM achieves higher accuracy and better robustness. |
17,575 | Please write an abstract with title: End-to-End Learning for Joint Image Demosaicing, Denoising and Super-Resolution, and key words: Training, Superresolution, Noise reduction, Switches, Image restoration, Pattern recognition, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: Image denoising, demosaicing and super-resolution are key problems of image restoration well studied in the recent decades. Often, in practice, one has to solve these problems simultaneously. A problem of finding a joint solution of the multiple image restoration tasks just begun to attract an increased attention of researchers. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end solution for the joint demosaicing, denoising and super-resolution based on a specially designed deep convolutional neural network (CNN). We systematically study different methods to solve this problem and compared them with the proposed method. Extensive experiments carried out on large image datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art both quantitatively and qualitatively. Finally, we have applied various loss functions in the proposed scheme and demonstrate that by using the mean absolute error as a loss function, we can obtain superior results in comparison to other cases. |
17,576 | Please write an abstract with title: RF performances at cryogenic temperatures of inductances integrated in a FDSOI technology, and key words: Radio frequency, Semiconductor device modeling, Q-factor, Temperature dependence, Temperature, Silicon-on-insulator, Cryogenics. Abstract: This paper investigates the RF performances of octagonal inductances integrated in a Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator (FD-SOI) technology. 0.5nH to 4 nH inductors were first characterized vs frequency down to 4.2K and then modelled thanks to lumped elements including induction, coil proximity and skin effects. At low temperature, the quality factor is improved by a factor two because of the metal resistivity reduction, in agreement with DC measurements. Such performances and RF characterizations are mandatory to enable cryogenic CMOS RF integrated circuits design. |
17,577 | Please write an abstract with title: Subharmonic Synchronization of Soliton Microcomb Breathing Oscillations to Periodic Forces, and key words: Phase modulation, Electrooptic modulators, Solitons, Lasers and electrooptics, Microcavities, Synchronization, Electrooptical waveguides. Abstract: We show how soliton microcomb breathing oscillations synchronize to either the soliton repetition rate or to applied pump-laser phase modulation. In experiments, we observe locking ratios up to N = 8. |
17,578 | Please write an abstract with title: A Simple Baseline for Weakly-Supervised Scene Graph Generation, and key words: Visualization, Computer vision, Grounding, Computational modeling, Pipelines, Genomics, Complexity theory. Abstract: We investigate the weakly-supervised scene graph generation, which is a challenging task since no correspondence of label and object is provided. The previous work regards such correspondence as a latent variable which is iteratively updated via nested optimization of the scene graph generation objective. However, we further reduce the complexity by decoupling it into an efficient first-order graph matching module optimized via contrastive learning to obtain such correspondence, which is used to train a standard scene graph generation model. The extensive experiments show that such a simple pipeline can significantly surpass the previous state-of-the-art by more than 30% on the Visual Genome dataset, both in terms of graph matching accuracy and scene graph quality. We believe this work serves as a strong baseline for future research. Code is available at https://github.com/jshi31/WS-SGG. |
17,579 | Please write an abstract with title: Effect of hot carrier stress on the performance, trap densities and transient behavior of SLS ELA TFTs, and key words: Hot carriers, Stress, Laser sintering, Thin film transistors, Crystallization, Grain boundaries, Displays, Annealing, Transient analysis, Silicon on insulator technology. Abstract: The effects of DC hot carrier stressing on the device parameters, the active layer trap densities and the carrier generation-trapping characteristics, as deduced from the transient drain current, for thin film transistors fabricated in polysilicon films crystallized using the advanced SLS ELA process are investigated. Both the total grain boundary trap density and the midgap trap density are found to degrade faster for TFTs in thicker films, with devices in ultra-thin films showing almost no trap generation. The application of HCS significantly affected the drain current transients, indicating the introduction of additional defects in the active layer that affect the carrier recombination process. |
17,580 | Please write an abstract with title: Parameter Sensitivity Analysis of the Combined Cooling Heating and Power System, and key words: Boilers, Waste heat, Absorption, Power systems, Heat recovery, Cooling, Sensitivity. Abstract: The Combination of Cooling Heating and Power System (CCHP) system has become an important way of raising the system efficiency by cascade utilization. Aiming at the impacts of the parameter on the CCHP system performance, a parameter sensitivity analysis method is studied. Firstly, the energy flow is analyzed with a typical CCHP system model. Secondly, the evaluation criteria are proposed. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the parameters such as capacity, technology, economy and emission under basic operation modes are ana-lyzed to estimate potential impacts of each parameter. According to the simulation, the proposed method shows the impacts of different parameters on CCHP system performance under different modes to instruct parameter designing. |
17,581 | Please write an abstract with title: Investment Fundamentals, and key words: Investment, Portfolios, Research and development, Costs, Training, Symbols, Resource management. Abstract: This chapter provides a practical method for forecasting income projections to support Cost of Delay (CoD) and Weighted Shortest Job First (WSJF) calculations. Investments bundled into releases increase Net CoD because each Investment could have generated income earlier if it had been released independently. This chapter provides a method to determine income profiles necessary to satisfy a target payback period based on development cost and projected growth rates. It also introduces Investment backlogs, how to prioritize strategic Investments and Investment Work in Process. The Investment model is intended to optimize the order of development of software development work so external costs are not included. Forecasting Investment effort and schedule should not involve a lot of planning effort. WSJF is used to prioritize Investments to create an Investment backlog. Technical debt is incurred when engineering takes shortcuts to implement functionality in a way that increases s development costs in the future. |
17,582 | Please write an abstract with title: Totem: Custom Reconfigurable Array Generation, and key words: Hardware, Reconfigurable architectures, Application specific integrated circuits, Field programmable gate arrays, Computer architecture, Digital signal processing, Space exploration, Costs, Runtime, Software performance. Abstract: Reconfigurable hardware has been shown to provide an efficient compromise between the flexibility of software and the performance of hardware. However, even coarse-grained reconfigurable architectures target the general case, and miss optimization opportunities present if characteristics of the desired application set are known. We can therefore increase efficiency by restricting the structure to support a class or a specific set of algorithms, while still providing flexibility within that set. By generating a custom array for a given computation domain, we explore the design space between an ASIC and an FPGA. However, the manual creation of these customized reprogrammable architectures would be a labor-intensive process, leading to high design costs. Instead, we propose automatic reconfigurable architecture generation specialized to given application sets. The Totem custom reconfigurable array generator is our initial step in this direction. |
17,583 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis Ready Data for Africa, and key words: Earth, Geoscience and remote sensing, Africa, Sustainable development. Abstract: Digital Earth Africa is a continental infrastructure that makes Earth observation data available to support sustainable development in Africa. Access to analysis ready data, i.e., data that are processed to a defined set of requirements and ready for immediate analysis, is key to the success and sustainability of the program. In this paper, we present our strategy around analysis ready data and outline the efforts taken to ensure operational supply of these datasets for the African continent. We also share our experience and learnings during this process. |
17,584 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of a new approach to data analysis of complex systems: study of synchronization in the dynamics of solar activity parameters, and key words: Spectroscopy, Correlation, Machine learning, Search problems, Plasmas, Nonlinear dynamical systems, Synchronization. Abstract: In this paper, we develop a new approach to the study of matching and mismatching effects in simultaneously recorded time signals characterizing the evolution of natural systems. We discuss the challenges of developing methods of intellectual data analysis of data generated by complex composite objects. In the framework of basic provisions and concepts of Flicker-Noise Spectroscopy, we study the frequency-phase synchronization in the dynamics of Wolf numbers and coronal solar ejections. The evolution of collective processes in the solar atmosphere is represented by changes in the shape of the cross-correlators. We calculated the quantitative structural parameters of cross-correlators to assess causal relationships between the parameters of solar activity. The established levels of cross-correlations in thermodynamically open distributed systems, such as the Sun, can become an object of standardization. The combination of Flicker-Noise Spectroscopy with mathematical models and machine learning software will allow advancing in understanding the collective phenomena realized in complex systems. |
17,585 | Please write an abstract with title: Link-time path-sensitive memory redundancy elimination, and key words: Registers, Computer architecture, Electronic mail, Algorithm design and analysis, Program processors, Performance analysis, Production, Force feedback, Instruments, Upper bound. Abstract: Optimizations performed at link-time or directly applied to final program executables have received increased attention in recent years. We discuss the discovery and elimination of redundant memory operations in the context of a link-time optimizer, an optimization that we call memory redundancy elimination (MRE). Previous research showed that existing MRE techniques are mainly based on path-insensitive information, which causes many MRE opportunities to be lost. We present a new technique for eliminating redundant loads in a path-sensitive fashion, by using a novel alias analysis algorithm that is able to expose path-sensitive memory redundancies. We also extend our previous work by removing both redundant and dead stores. Our experiments show that around 75% of load and 10% of store references in a program can be considered redundant, because they are accessing memory locations that have been referenced less than 256 memory instructions away. By combining our previous optimizations for eliminating load redundancies with the new techniques developed, we show that around 18% of the loads and 8% of the stores can be detected and eliminated, which translates into a 10% reduction in execution time. |
17,586 | Please write an abstract with title: Research of Providing the Video Information Protection using Wireless Technologies for Aerial Reconnaissance by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, and key words: Wireless communication, Radio frequency, Wires, Organizations, Streaming media, Reconnaissance, Unmanned aerial vehicles. Abstract: It was confirmed that for improving the efficiency of processing and delivery of videoinformation resourses using real-time communication systems required to implement cryptographic encryption simultaneously with the organization of the data compact representation. It is shown that the current compression methods do not ensure the implementation of dispersion and mixing technologies which are basical for the construction of cryptographic transformations with key. It outlines the steps of building a methodology for creating cryptographic transformations with key on the reasons of video information compression methods. |
17,587 | Please write an abstract with title: Developing a Vision for Improving the Discovery and Accessibility of Bathymetric Data, and key words: global bathymetry, data accessibility, community. Abstract: Improving the discovery and accessibility of global bathymetry data requires an understanding of the needs of the diverse community of individuals and organizations who create, manage and utilize data for a wide variety of purposes. Comprehensive metadata is necessary to document bathymetry data to enable discovery, access and use. Sharing tools and knowledge that support data management, curation and assembly efforts can deliver efficiency and help achieve mutually beneficial goals. Optimizing data accessibility requires gathering input to understand community needs with respect to metadata, formats and use-cases. By seeking to understand barriers to access, we can both prioritize enhancements to meet the needs of users and identify opportunities for coordination and collaboration. A series of engagement events were convened to gather community input from the complementary perspectives of data producers, data curators, tool developers, data providers and data consumers. These events identified barriers that inhibit data sharing and opportunities for improving accessibility. By seeking to understand these barriers, we can better meet the needs of users and identify opportunities for coordination and collaboration. Cross-cutting community priorities related to bathymetry data acquisition, stewardship, and use were also identified. |
17,588 | Please write an abstract with title: Active and Time-modulated Flat Optics, and key words: Time-frequency analysis, Optical resonators, Metasurfaces, Amplitude modulation, Optics, Broadband communication, Space division multiplexing. Abstract: In this work, we will review our recent progress in development of active optical metasurfaces in the quasi-static and time-modulated operation regimes. We will first present methodologies to achieve widely tunable phase responses with high amplitude efficiencies by exploiting high-Q resonant modes supported by all-dielectric metasurfaces. We will then discuss unique opportunities for light manipulation with extended degree of freedom enabled by active time-modulated metasurfaces. In particular, we will introduce a tunable geometric phase shift in time-modulated metasurfaces which allows for dispersionless dynamic wavefront engineering of higher-order sidebands. It will be emphasized that this feature can be used to overcome several limitation of quasi-static metasurfaces and yields several distinctive capabilities for time-modulated platforms including wideband all-angle beam scanning and topological space-time photonic transitions. Various implementations of time-modulated metasurfaces at optical frequencies will be presented and their applicability as optical phased arrays with flexible pattern synthesis will be highlighted. Moreover, design approaches for achieving higher efficiency in sideband generation and broadband performance will be proposed. |
17,589 | Please write an abstract with title: Spirometabolic complex design, and key words: Organisms, Energy measurement, Energy consumption, Fluid flow measurement, Transducers, Velocity measurement, Oxidation, Biochemistry, Chemical processes, Physiology. Abstract: The problems of calorimetry is discussed, the requirements to apparatus maintenance are formulated. The basic reasons influencing accuracy of measurement in rest energy expenditure are revealed and are overcome. The structure and parameters of developed spirometabolic complex are given. |
17,590 | Please write an abstract with title: Study of the Method of Compact Testing of Technical Means of Data Transmission Networks, and key words: Analytical models, Text analysis, Dictionaries, Microprocessors, Data communication, Reliability, Task analysis. Abstract: The article discusses the issues of assessing the reliability of control of compact testing of technical means of data transmission networks by the analytical method and simulation. We have completed the life cycle of the technical means of data transmission systems and the ways of their enhanced reliability. Methods of calculation and determination of signatures for signature analysis in the diagnosis of microprocessor devices are considered. The analysis of tasks and classification of systems of technical diagnostics of microprocessor devices of data transmission systems is carried out. The analysis of modern microprocessor devices of data transmission systems as an object of control and diagnostics necessary for the choice of characteristics of signature analysis methods is made, that the main documents of signature analysis are dictionaries of the reference signatures. It is shown that the main document of signature analysis is the dictionary of reference signatures. A comparative analysis of the methods of calculation and determination of reference signatures used in the diagnosis of microprocessor devices has been performed. |
17,591 | Please write an abstract with title: Hydrocarbon Compounds Learning Application, and key words: Hydrocarbons, Compounds, Videos, Presses, Mobile applications, Education, Smart phones. Abstract: Hydrocarbons are the simplest class of carbon compounds. They consist only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). Although they only consist of two elements, hydrocarbons are a large compound, as well as one of the most important sources of energy on earth. The main use is as a fuel source. In their solid form, hydrocarbons are one of the asphaltforming compositions. By seeing the importance of learning hydrocarbons, we made a mobile application to facilitate student learning from some of the learning materials. Users are confronted with hydrocarbon compounds and are asked to identify the compound's name. Users are also faced with a hydrocarbon's name and they are asked to draw the compounds. |
17,592 | Please write an abstract with title: Active Fault Current Limitation for Low-Voltage Ride-Through of Networked Microgrids, and key words: Fault currents, Impedance, Power quality, Circuit faults, Inverters, Power system stability, Low voltage. Abstract: With the continuously increasing penetration of networked microgrids (MGs) on the local utility grid (UG), MGs face the challenge to avoid increasing system fault currents during low-voltage ride-through (LVRT). To solve this challenge, an active fault current limitation (AFCL) method is proposed with three parts: 1) a novel phase angle adjustment (PAA) strategy is conducted to relieve the impact of MGs output fault current on system fault current; 2) the current injection (CI) strategy for LVRT is formulated to fit the function of PAA; 3) a novel converter current generation (CCG) strategy is developed to achieve a better voltage support ability by considering network impedance characteristics. The proposed AFCL method is applied to the back-to-back converter, as a connection interface between MGs and UG. Extensive tests and pertinent results have verified the improvements of proposed AFCL method with better LVRT performance, while the networked MGs output fault current does not increase the amplitude of system fault current. |
17,593 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance simulation analysis of transport layer protocol for satellite network, and key words: Electrical engineering, Analytical models, Protocols, Satellites, Network topology, Buildings, Computer applications. Abstract: This paper studies the performance of transport layer protocol in the design of satellite network. The main transport layer protocols proposed in recent years are analyzed, and the performance of different satellite application scenarios is compared and simulated. The results show that the corresponding transport layer protocol should be selected according to the process of building satellite network and the characteristics of transmission link can effectively improve the network transmission performance. |
17,594 | Please write an abstract with title: Satellite-Borne K Band Phased Array Antenna Element With Harmonic Suppression Capability, and key words: Phased arrays, Band-pass filters, Harmonics suppression, Satellite antennas, Dipole antennas, Antenna theory, Simulation. Abstract: In order to suppress harmonic emissions of the K band active phased array, a K-band cross dipole antenna element with harmonic suppression capability is proposed. A coaxial band-pass filter designed through the series structure of high-and-low impedance lines is integrated into a traditional cross dipole antenna, which can achieve harmonic suppression effect without increasing the antenna size. The simulation results show that the proposed antenna can suppress the harmonic emissions by 27.4dBc. The proposed antenna provides a good solution for improving the electromagnetic compatibility index of phased array antenna systems. |
17,595 | Please write an abstract with title: Dual-GAN: Joint BVP and Noise Modeling for Remote Physiological Measurement, and key words: Training, Solid modeling, Pulse measurements, Volume measurement, Predictive models, Adversarial machine learning, Noise measurement. Abstract: Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) based physiological measurement has great application values in health monitoring, emotion analysis, etc. Existing methods mainly focus on how to enhance or extract the very weak blood volume pulse (BVP) signals from face videos, but seldom explicitly model the noises that dominate face video content. Thus, they may suffer from poor generalization ability in unseen scenarios. This paper proposes a novel adversarial learning approach for rPPG based physiological measurement by using Dual Generative Adversarial Networks (Dual-GAN) to model the BVP predictor and noise distribution jointly. The BVP-GAN aims to learn a noise-resistant mapping from input to ground-truth BVP, and the Noise-GAN aims to learn the noise distribution. The two GANs can promote each other’s capability, leading to improved feature disentanglement between BVP and noises. Besides, a plug-and-play block named ROI alignment and fusion (ROI-AF) block is proposed to alleviate the inconsistencies between different ROIs and exploit informative features from a wider receptive field in terms of ROIs. In comparison to state-of-the-art methods, our approach achieves better performance in heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiration frequency estimation from face videos. |
17,596 | Please write an abstract with title: Data Collection and Evaluation of Higher Education Informatization based on Grey Convolution, and key words: Training, Sensitivity, Data integrity, Education, Decision making, Data collection, Data models. Abstract: The rapid de velopment of information technology also promotes the continuous progress of education, especially accelerates the reform of education. Facing the massive and multi-dimensional data of various application systems, it is a new problem for university management to use the data to effectively support the decision-making activities of teaching management. This paper uses the quantitative evaluation method of state characteristic curve to extract the most representative state characteristic curve in different training models. This method can effectively characterize the monotonicity and sensitivity of the state characteristic curve, and finally extract the state characteristic curve. |
17,597 | Please write an abstract with title: Link Weight Prediction Using Weight Perturbation and Latent Factor, and key words: Prediction algorithms, Indexes, Feature extraction, Measurement, Predictive models, Perturbation methods, Biological system modeling. Abstract: Link weight prediction is an important subject in network science and machine learning. Its applications to social network analysis, network modeling, and bioinformatics are ubiquitous. Although this subject has attracted considerable attention recently, the performance and interpretability of existing prediction models have not been well balanced. This article focuses on an unsupervised mixed strategy for link weight prediction. Here, the target attribute is the link weight, which represents the correlation or strength of the interaction between a pair of nodes. The input of the model is the weighted adjacency matrix without any preprocessing, as widely adopted in the existing models. Extensive observations on a large number of networks show that the new scheme is competitive to the state-of-the-art algorithms concerning both root-mean-square error and Pearson correlation coefficient metrics. Analytic and simulation results suggest that combining the weight consistency of the network and the link weight-associated latent factors of the nodes is a very effective way to solve the link weight prediction problem. |
17,598 | Please write an abstract with title: Transformer breather thermal image decomposition for fault diagnosis, and key words: Temperature sensors, Temperature measurement, Fault diagnosis, Wavelet domain, Windings, Thermal decomposition, Monitoring. Abstract: Image processing techniques replace human vision in most of the applications that incur danger to human lives for maintenance purposes. As a step towards automation in condition monitoring, the proposed work involves, representing an acquired thermal image of a transformer breather showing temperature variations in the discrete domain, by transforming the image using wavelet transform. Symlet wavelet is used for transformation that captures the temporal information of the image pixels. The representative parameters of the transformed image are studied at various decomposition levels to get better insights for further analysis thereby enabling accurate condition monitoring of the transformer under study. The statistical findings of the image details at various levels of decomposition expose the variation in the distribution of temperature in and around the breather vent pipes, depending upon the transformer operating conditions. Significant differences are observed in the parameters due to transformer winding faults when compared with the parameters under normal operation. Extending the work to include various transformer faults will enable the fault diagnosis process more exhaustive. |
17,599 | Please write an abstract with title: The Effect of Cylinder Deactivation on Engine Performance, and key words: Fuels, Engines, Valves, Brakes, Diesel engines, Pistons, Friction. Abstract: A simulation of a diesel engine under cylinder deactivation at part load was conducted in GT-SUITE. The prototype engine is a 16-cylinder diesel engine for locomotive and marine purpose. Cylinder deactivation was implemented by operating valve train system of inactive cylinders in the following different strategies: all valves operate normally; intake valves are closed, exhaust valves operate normally; intake valves operate normally, exhaust valves are closed; all valves are closed. The fuel efficiency was evaluated in terms of relative brake specific fuel consumption. To identify the factors affecting fuel efficiency, an analysis of fuel energy distribution including friction losses, pumping losses, heat transfer to cylinder walls and exhaust gas energy was carried out. The histograms of fuel energy distribution for different strategies of cylinder deactivation were shown. The effect of fuel saving was obtained by closing intake and exhaust valves in the inactive cylinders; other options of cylinder deactivation lead to a decrease in fuel economy. |
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