ID int64 0 400k | content stringlengths 97 5.85k |
|---|---|
17,600 | Please write an abstract with title: A method of iteration for boundary value solution of ordinary differential equations, and key words: Differential equations, Feedback control, Digital control, Control systems, Linear feedback control systems, Boundary conditions, Steady-state, Jacobian matrices, Iterative algorithms, Electrical equipment industry. Abstract: A globally stable iterative search algorithm for finding the unknown initial values in the two-point boundary-value problem (TPBVP) arising in ordinary differential equations has been developed. The problem can be embedded in a discrete-time feedback control system, the steady state of which is the required solution. Algorithms are found through the construction of globally stable digital controllers. |
17,601 | Please write an abstract with title: Understanding Wide Area Networks, and key words: Routing, Routing protocols, Protocols, Servers, Logic gates, Wide area networks, TCPIP. Abstract: This chapter defines the most common WAN technologies available and increases your understanding of routing protocols and routing devices. Routing is the process of moving data across networks or internetworks between hosts or between routers themselves. Information is transmitted according to the IP networks and individual IP addresses of the hosts in question. A router is in charge of maintaining tables of information about other routers on the network or internetwork. It also utilizes several different TCP/IP protocols to transfer the data and to discover other routers. IP routing is the most common kind of routing as TCP/IP is the most common protocol suite. IP routing occurs on the Network layer of the OSI model. A static route is one that has been manually configured. A dynamic route is one that has been implemented dynamically with special routing protocols. In this section, you will configure RRAS statically and add the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) to allow for dynamic routing. A routing table is the data that is stored and used by TCP/IP network routers to determine the destination of messages that is being forwarded. The routing table is basically a database that is maintained and managed by the router's built‐in hardware and software. The routing tables contain a list of IP addresses. |
17,602 | Please write an abstract with title: Peripheral View of IoT based Miniature Devices Security Paradigm, and key words: Wireless communication, Privacy, Wearable computers, Standardization, Ubiquitous computing, Hardware, Security. Abstract: Tunnel approach to the security and privacy aspects of communication networks has been an issue since the inception of networking technologies. Neither the technology nor the regulatory and legal frame works proactively play a significant role towards addressing the ever escalating security challenges. As we have move to ubiquitous computing paradigm where information secrecy and privacy is coupled with new challenges of human to machine and machine to machine interfaces, a transformational model for security should be visited. This research is attempted to highlight the peripheral view of IoT based miniature device security paradigm with focus on standardization, regulations, user adaptation, software and applications, low computing resources and power consumption, human to machine interface and privacy. |
17,603 | Please write an abstract with title: A Hypervolume Approximation Method Based on Angular Point, and key words: Monte Carlo methods, Shape, Evolutionary computation, Approximation algorithms, Search problems, Approximation methods, Computational complexity. Abstract: Hypervolume is one of the most widely used indicators in the field of evolutionary multiobjective optimization, whether for maintaining an external archive or environmental selection. However, the computational complexity of hypervolume in high dimensional space limits its application. Although a large number of hypervolume approximation methods have been proposed at present, most of them still have shortcomings in the trade-off between approximation accuracy and running time. To solve this problem, we propose an hypervolume approximation method based on angular points. The main idea is to find all the angular points of hypervolume region, and calculate the mean distance between the reference point and each angular point as the hypervolume approximation value. In the experimental part, six different spatial surfaces are used to test the accuracy of the algorithm, and four different dimensions are set for each type of surface. At the same time, two commonly used Hypervolume approximation methods were added for comparison. The results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance in most cases. |
17,604 | Please write an abstract with title: A two-level stacking model for detecting abnormal users in Wechat activities, and key words: Stacking, Companies, Support vector machines, Robots, Data models, Training, Classification algorithms. Abstract: Machine learning algorithms are widely employed in plenty of classification or regression problems. While in real business world, it is confronted with huge and disorder data pattern. To recognize different kinds of users on the internet accurately and fast becomes a challenge. In a Wechat online bargain activity, the staff found that some strange users are highly like robots or malicious users. Thus we tried a two-level stacking model to detect them. This design got a good result of 0.98 accuracy after the training phase and an accuracy of 0.90 in a new term of the testing set. Moreover, this model is adaptable to linear and nonlinear datasets because of its diverse stacking of first-level classifiers. Therefore, this paper indicates a potential of the stacking classification model in big data times. |
17,605 | Please write an abstract with title: General software architecture for multi-sensor information fusion system, and key words: Software architecture, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Sensor fusion, Computer architecture, Robustness, Real time systems, Operating systems, Sampling methods, Data processing, Robot sensing systems. Abstract: In this paper, a general software architecture for multisensor fusion system (MFS) in dynamic environment is described. The architecture has the characteristics of robustness, dynamically reconfigurable framework, "plug-in-play" for sensor, and the predictability of sensor action. According to requirements of MFS, the real-time operating system (RTOS) is applied in this software architecture. The result is an RTOS-based software architecture, which consists of five kinds of tasks: sensor sampling task (SST), sensor data processing task (SDPT), fusion task (FT), management task (MT) and man/machine interface task (MMIT). A calligraphic robot has been designed and developed in our lab based on the software architecture proposed. |
17,606 | Please write an abstract with title: Moving Target Defense Techniques for the IoT, and key words: Internet of Things, IEEE Sections, Software, Security management, Conferences, Taxonomy, Statistics. Abstract: This chapter addresses cyberdefense techniques for the Internet of Things (IoT) based on the Moving Target Defense (MTD) paradigm. It presents general concepts from classical MTD literature and some related works. The chapter summarizes MTD techniques for the IoT and identifies potential MTD solutions for the IoT. The MTD cyberdefense paradigm is based on the principle of building mutating systems. Two important theoretical concepts of MTD systems are the attack surface and the Moving Parameter (MP) or moving target. The MP is a component of the system that will be modified and adapted over the course of time. The chapter presents the network components of IoT systems that may be suitable for MTD techniques. It also presents a generic framework that can be used to instantiate MTD strategies adapted to the IoT. |
17,607 | Please write an abstract with title: 5G K-SimSys for Open/Modular/Flexible System-Level Simulation: Overview and its Application to Evaluation of 5G Massive MIMO, and key words: 5G mobile communication, Antenna arrays, Array signal processing, Massive MIMO, Antennas, 3GPP, Interference. Abstract: 5G K-SimSys is a system-level simulator which has been designed and implemented to provide an open platform and a tractable testbed for evaluating the system-level performance of 5G standard. In this paper, we present its design overview with the overall modular structure, including the functionality of the flexible modules. Meanwhile, massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) is a key technology for improving the spectral efficiency of 5G systems. While massive MIMO has been standardized in 3GPP Rel-13 (LTE-Advanced Pro), the next generation of massive MIMO standard is now available in Rel-16, a.k.a New Radio (NR) interface, with further improvement by introducing more antenna elements over the higher frequency band. In particular, the beam-based air interface for above 6 GHz band involves various antenna configurations and feedback schemes, requiring a more complex testbed for system-level performance evaluation. This paper examines the multi-antenna technologies in 3GPP NR specification to develop its system-level model in 5G K-SimSys in order to test the factors affecting performance in the corresponding environments through various embodiments. In the simulation results, the baseline performance for massive MIMO in NR is evaluated by changing the number of antenna ports and the number of spatial multiplexing layers in different experimental environments. Particularly, the effect of vertical beamforming on interference is evaluated for Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO). In order to demonstrate that 5G K-SimSys is an easy-to-design simulator that facilitates modification and reconfiguration, owing to its modularized and customized structure, we consider the proposed bandwise analog beamforming (BAB) scheme. The modular and flexible structure immediately allows implementation of virtual modules for bandwise analog beamforming by reusing the elementary modules as hierarchically designed simulator objects. |
17,608 | Please write an abstract with title: Hypervapotron design for the long pulse upgrades on MAST NBI, and key words: Optical pulses, Testing, Tokamaks, Heating, Ion sources, Optical design, High speed optical techniques, Particle beam optics, Optical films, Ducts. Abstract: The MAST (mega amp spherical tokamak) fusion research facility at Culham is undergoing an upgrade of its neutral beam heating systems. The two neutral beam injection systems (NBI), presently installed, can each deliver 2 MW of power for a period of /spl sim/300 ms. These injectors will be upgraded to a longer pulse capability by the installation of new ion sources. These will be a variation of the Joint European Torus (JET) 80 kV tetrode positive ion neutral injector (PINI) design with optics customized to suit the MAST duct geometry. They will eventually be capable of pulse lengths of up to 20 seconds with an injectable total power of 2.5 MW / beamline. In anticipation of these enhancements, several beamline components have been upgraded to cope with the increased beam pulse lengths delivered by the new PINI sources. In particular, the residual ion dumps (RIDs) and calorimeters have been redesigned to use actively cooled hypervapotrons as beam stopping elements. These design solutions are discussed in the paper. Hypervapotrons have been used reliably at JET for many years, their thermal performance being optimized to suit specific needs. Their application to this function has required a further enhancement in performance. The changes made and the technical justification for them is discussed along with the results from the subsequent full-scale power handling tests. A new high power handling record for hypervapotrons of 20 MW/m/sup 2/ was established in these tests. A large-scale mock-up of the internal geometry of the hypervapotron was constructed so that flow visualization could be used to confirm the assumed flow patterns within the hypervapotron. High-speed digital video was used to enable the examination of the flow pattern within the cooling channels. The high-resolution film of the seeded flow was then analyzed at low speed with a view to gaining a better understanding of the heat transfer mechanism. The results of this examination are presented. |
17,609 | Please write an abstract with title: Queries-Based Profile Evolution using Genetic Algorithm, and key words: Genetic algorithms, Biological cells, Sociology, Statistics, Genetics, Recommender systems. Abstract: User's interests are important in query reformation, filtering or recommender systems. Besides, the user profile is always dynamic due to the instability of his interests and the increase among documents. Thus, its evolution is required however identifying the changes in user's interests over time may be challenging. Recent works focused on user interests evolution, takes into account the collection by matching the document and the query or by analyzing log file of user's interactions with the system (feedbacks). However, they did not consider the queries exclusively in the evolution process. This paper proposes a new user profile evolution approach in which user's queries and interests are used to update the user profile. To do so, we use genetic algorithm technique to extract relevant interests so that to detect new interests, improve the weights of the existing ones or delete the useless among them from the profile. |
17,610 | Please write an abstract with title: Monitoring of Operation of Electric System by Radiocommunication Devices and Energy Consumption in Wastewater Treatment Plant, and key words: Energy consumption, Volume measurement, Sociology, Market research, Fourth Industrial Revolution, Wastewater, Wastewater treatment. Abstract: This paper describes the design and application of a monitoring system applicable in small and medium sized wastewater treatment plants. Experimentally, the system is currently applied in a wastewater treatment plant with a projected capacity for 1600 equivalent population, where operational data are monitored and acquired. The data are used to determine the technical condition of the equipment and to optimize the operating parameters, where electricity consumption is also monitored in relation to the amount of wastewater treated. The linear dependence of the energy consumed and the amount of wastewater treated during the period under study is further useful in the process of optimizing the operation. During the study period from January 2021 to December 2021, a total flow of 23 161 m3 and a total electricity consumption of 58 183 kWh were found in the wastewater treatment plant. |
17,611 | Please write an abstract with title: Federated Learning for Data Security and Privacy Protection, and key words: Data privacy, Smart cities, Soft sensors, Transfer learning, Training data, Programming, Collaborative work. Abstract: In recent years, Artificial intelligence (AI) have been applied in many fields, including driverless cars, smart cities, healthcare, finance, etc. However, data island and data privacy security are still two major challenges for AI, federated learning is proposed as a solution. In federated learning, many clients collaborate to train a common model under the coordination of a central server, while keeping the training data decentralized. Each client's data does not leave the local area, and a global shared model is jointly built by means of parameter exchange under the encryption mechanism, the built model serves only the local target in their respective regions. In this paper, we present the definition, classification, and learning process of the federated learning, and discuss the key challenges faced by federated learning and the solutions that are currently available. |
17,612 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimizing the Locations and Sizes of Solar Assisted Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in an Urban Area, and key words: Charging stations, Solar energy, Electric vehicle charging, Urban areas, Optimization, Trajectory. Abstract: With the wide-spread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), introducing solar energy in building EV charging stations is promising as it can reduce carbon emissions and improve air quality. The main challenges are how to decide where to build solar assisted charging stations in a city and how to size the charging stations, as the decision is affected by a broad range of factors, such as construction cost, solar energy fluctuation, and user requirements. This paper proposed an approach to efficiently decide the locations and sizes of solar energy assisted charging stations for an urban area. Experiments are conducted on real EV history data from 297 users of an EV leasing company. The results show that the proposed method can produce high quality decisions within reasonable computation time. The work of this paper will provide important information for decision makers to integrate solar energy into the EV charging infrastructure. |
17,613 | Please write an abstract with title: Simulation of Malware Propagation and Effects in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles, and key words: Malware, Biological system modeling, Statistics, Sociology, Security, Data models, Autonomous vehicles. Abstract: Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are an emerging technology that will introduce new threats to the general public. Impending standards (such as ISO21434) demonstrate that there is a real cyber security risk and a need for supporting infrastructure in the form of vehicle security operations centre. In this concept paper we discuss some of the issues facing vehicle security as the technology matures over the next few years and look at how epidemiological models for malware might be developed to address concerns over vehicle cyber threats.We detail our development of Mobius, a bespoke tool for simulating and analysing malware events in CAVs and explore how the technology might be applied to support real-world decision making. As a part of the need for cyber resilience, we suggest there is a key role for vehicle simulation software capable of modelling cyber threats to assist with threat analysis and decision making for highway authorities, OEMs and fleet operators, amongst others. We present a summary of compartmental epidemiological models and the role they can play in understanding malware propagation for CAVs. |
17,614 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparative Analysis on Datasets for Sign Language Detection System, and key words: Training, Image recognition, Computational modeling, Neural networks, Gesture recognition, Assistive technologies, Data models. Abstract: The proposed work uses Convolution Neural Network (CNN) algorithm to train the model to recognize the sign gestures made by the person, which is done by pre-processing the image and matching it with the trained dataset. As the output is text and image, one can easily interpret the meaning of a particular sign. The model's efficiency is tested using two types of input: images and CSV files. The inputs are tested for their efficiency and time to load for building the model. The image dataset used 16500 images for training and 3311 images for testing and took more than an hour to train a model. On the other hand, the CSV dataset consisted of 27455 training files and 7172 testing files and took less than half an hour to train a model. The trained models showed 93.8% and 87% accuracy for the CSV and image testing models, respectively. The paper analyses different types of inputs and suggests the most efficient input to train the model for a sign language detection system. |
17,615 | Please write an abstract with title: FSCS-SIMD: An efficient implementation of Fixed-Size-Candidate-Set adaptive random testing using SIMD instructions, and key words: Fault detection, Subspace constraints, Software, Power capacitors, Software reliability, Testing, Python. Abstract: The Fixed-Size-Candidate-Set (FSCS) version of Adaptive Random Testing (ART) attempts to enhance the fault detection effectiveness of Random Testing (RT) by generating new test cases that are far away from previously executed test cases. Despite its simplicity and good fault-detection effectiveness, FSCS suffers from a very high time cost mainly due to its Single-Instruction-Single-Data (SISD) mechanism for its distance calculation process. To overcome this drawback, in this paper, we propose a novel and efficient implementation of FSCS, namely Fixed-Sized-Candidate-Set using Single-Instruction-Multiple-Data (FSCS-SIMD), which employs SIMD instruction architecture for simultaneous distance calculations of multiple test cases in a many-to-many style. Compared with the original FSCS, our proposed method loads a batch of multiple test cases from the candidate test case set and executed test case set in one CPU execution cycle. After that, a single distance calculation instruction is given to the whole batch for the calculation of all pairwise distances. We conducted a series of simulations and empirical studies to evaluate testing effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method against FSCS. Our results show that, on average, FSCS-SIMD reduces test case generation overhead of FSCS up to 90%, while maintaining the comparable fault detection effectiveness. |
17,616 | Please write an abstract with title: Channel Estimation and Data Detection Analysis of Massive MIMO With 1-Bit ADCs, and key words: Channel estimation, Signal to noise ratio, Uplink, Quantization (signal), OFDM, Massive MIMO, Wireless communication. Abstract: We present an analytical framework for the channel estimation and the data detection in massive multiple-input multiple-output uplink systems with 1-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and i.i.d. Rayleigh fading. First, we provide closed-form expressions of the mean squared error (MSE) of the channel estimation considering the state-of-the-art linear minimum MSE estimator and the class of scaled least-squares estimators. For the data detection, we provide closed-form expressions of the expected value and the variance of the estimated symbols when maximum ratio combining is adopted, which can be exploited to efficiently implement minimum distance detection and, potentially, to design the set of transmit symbols. Our analytical findings explicitly depend on key system parameters such as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the number of user equipments, and the pilot length, thus enabling a precise characterization of the performance of the channel estimation and the data detection with 1-bit ADCs. The proposed analysis highlights a fundamental SNR trade-off, according to which operating at the right noise level significantly enhances the system performance. |
17,617 | Please write an abstract with title: The applications of EBG structures in power/ground plane pair SSN suppression, and key words: Periodic structures, Metamaterials, Impedance, Resonance, Capacitors, Resonant frequency, Voltage, Circuit noise, Equivalent circuits, Solids. Abstract: SSN suppression in power delivery systems using electromagnetic band gap structures is discussed. Factors that affect the EBG performance are presented. The performance of a PDS with EBGs and decoupling capacitors is compared to designs with only decoupling capacitors. |
17,618 | Please write an abstract with title: Temporal Collaborative Filtering with Graph Convolutional Neural Networks, and key words: Training, Recurrent neural networks, Collaborative filtering, Market research, Data models, Graph neural networks, Trajectory. Abstract: Temporal collaborative filtering (TCF) methods aim at modelling non-static aspects behind recommender systems, such as the dynamics in users' preferences and social trends around items. State-of-the-art TCF methods employ recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to model such aspects. These methods deploy matrix-factorization-based (MF -based) approaches to learn the user and item representations. Recently, graph-neural-network-based (GNN-based) approaches have shown improved performance in providing accurate recommendations over traditional MF -based approaches in non-temporal CF settings. Motivated by this, we propose a novel TCF method that leverages GNNs to learn user and item representations, and RNNs to model their temporal dynamics. A challenge with this method lies in the increased data sparsity, which negatively impacts obtaining meaningful quality representations with GNNs. To overcome this challenge, we train a GNN model at each time step using a set of observed interactions accumulated time-wise. Comprehensive experiments on real-world data show the improved performance obtained by our method over several state-of-the-art temporal and non-temporal CF models. |
17,619 | Please write an abstract with title: Link between energy and computation in a physical model of Hopfield network, and key words: Computer networks, Physics computing, Thermodynamics, Joining processes, Information processing, Costs, Neural networks, Associative memory, Computational modeling, Hopfield neural networks. Abstract: Linking information processing and energy flows via thermodynamics, Landauer (1961) proposed that irreversible computational processes have an inevitable "thermodynamic cost". We explore the existence of such a link in case of a neural network model of associative memory. Our simulations with an electronic implementation of the Hopfield neural network showed that enhanced performance of the network could only be obtained by increased dissipation of energy as heat. Contrarily, efforts to minimize energy dissipation led to impaired performance. |
17,620 | Please write an abstract with title: Energy Efficient Pivot Steering Control of Differential Steering Vehicle, and key words: Wheels, Force, Vehicle dynamics, Optimization, Mathematical model, Axles, Energy efficiency. Abstract: The differential steering vehicle (DSV) is designed to realize pivot steering (PS) as enhance structural robustness. Lacking steering systems, the DSV steers until the differential moment generated by longitudinal force counteracts the resistive moment produced by lateral force, resulting in excessive energy consumption. Besides, since the DSV discarded steering system, both slipping and skidding are inherent during pivot steering, which consumes an extra amount of energy. This paper developed an energy efficient pivot steering control algorithm for DSV. The dynamic model of DSV and wheel are built firstly to analyze constraints and relationships between wheel force and speed on friction circle. Then the power optimization problem is formulated as a function of front-middle and front-rear force factors and solved by discretizing feasible domain online. Finally, the pivot steering of DSV is controlled via speed-adaptive control, whose wheel reference speed is adjusted by the results of the optimization. The algorithm is validated in Trucksim-Simulink co-simulation with a comparison with middle axle wheel free (MWF) and identical reference speed (IRS) method. The results demonstrate the validity of the proposed algorithm to realize the same vehicle yaw rate with less power because of small slip. |
17,621 | Please write an abstract with title: A Comparison Between Multiple Launch Angle Method (MLAM) and Single Launch Angle Refractivity-from-Clutter (RFC) Technique, and key words: Sea surface, Monte Carlo methods, Conferences, Ducts, Estimation, Backscatter. Abstract: Lower atmospheric ducts in ocean and littoral regions can be retrieved using sea surface backscattering. This technique is called Refractivity-from-Clutter (RFC). Improving currently available RFC techniques is an active area of research. The duct effects on an EM signal depends on the angle that the signal is launched. Hence, using multiple launch angles might be a good way to improve the RFC inversion technique. This paper is a theoretical study of how using multiple launch angles in RFC inversion can improve the duct estimation with respect to using a single launch angle. |
17,622 | Please write an abstract with title: SASSI — Super-Pixelated Adaptive Spatio-Spectral Imaging, and key words: Cameras, Hyperspectral imaging, Spatial resolution, Image reconstruction, Imaging, Loss measurement, Prototypes. Abstract: We introduce a novel video-rate hyperspectral imager with high spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions. Our key hypothesis is that spectral profiles of pixels within each super-pixel tend to be similar. Hence, a scene-adaptive spatial sampling of a hyperspectral scene, guided by its super-pixel segmented image, is capable of obtaining high-quality reconstructions. To achieve this, we acquire an RGB image of the scene, compute its super-pixels, from which we generate a spatial mask of locations where we measure high-resolution spectrum. The hyperspectral image is subsequently estimated by fusing the RGB image and the spectral measurements using a learnable guided filtering approach. Due to low computational complexity of the superpixel estimation step, our setup can capture hyperspectral images of the scenes with little overhead over traditional snapshot hyperspectral cameras, but with significantly higher spatial and spectral resolutions. We validate the proposed technique with extensive simulations as well as a lab prototype that measures hyperspectral video at a spatial resolution of 600 × 900 pixels, at a spectral resolution of 10 nm over visible wavebands, and achieving a frame rate at 18fps. |
17,623 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance Evaluation of Multiple Access Scheme Applying NOMA for ADS-B, and key words: Wireless communication, Performance evaluation, NOMA, Interference cancellation, Spectral efficiency, Surveillance, Simulation. Abstract: This paper explores the application of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) to wireless aeronautical communication, specifically Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B). NOMA has yet to be utilized in aeronautical communication, but with its ability to achieve multiple access with successive interference cancellation (SIC) of superposed signals, it can be said to show great potential in this field. This paper explores this unprecedented concept, making it unique. Furthermore, we investigate the potentials of NOMA for aeronautical communication and present simulation results that has led to the achievement of spectral efficiency. |
17,624 | Please write an abstract with title: A modified HARQ scheme associated with non-uniform constellation, and key words: Quadrature amplitude modulation, Bit error rate, Throughput, Automatic repeat request, Quadrature phase shift keying, Binary phase shift keying, Constellation diagram, Amplitude modulation, Bandwidth, Degradation. Abstract: Multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) is an attractive modulation technique to achieve high data rate transmission without increasing the wireless bandwidth. But each bit that makes up a MQAM symbol exhibits a different degree of BER performance for MQAM (M>4) constellation with Gray encoding. This will degrade the performance of the decoder with respect to having relatively equal BER performance. A modified HARQ scheme associated with nonuniform constellation is proposed to maximize the system throughput. It is proposed to use the nonuniform constellation together with the symbol bits rearrangement in the retransmissions to average and improve the reliability of each bit gradually by means of code combining in the receiver. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can reduce the average transmission number and increase the throughput effectively, compared with those HARQ schemes using one constellation or constellation rearrangement. In particular, the higher MQAM modulation alphabet size and the more inhomogeneous bit reliabilities, the higher gain can be achieved by using the proposed scheme. |
17,625 | Please write an abstract with title: Social Coordination and Altruism in Autonomous Driving, and key words: Behavioral sciences, Vehicles, Safety, Games, Training, Navigation, Decision making. Abstract: Despite the advances in the autonomous driving domain, autonomous vehicles (AVs) are still inefficient and limited in terms of cooperating with each other or coordinating with vehicles operated by humans. A group of autonomous and human-driven vehicles (HVs) which work together to optimize an altruistic social utility can co-exist seamlessly and assure safety and efficiency on the road. Achieving this mission without explicit coordination among agents is challenging, mainly due to the difficulty of predicting the behavior of humans with heterogeneous preferences in mixed-autonomy environments. Formally, we model an AV’s maneuver planning in mixed-autonomy traffic as a partially-observable stochastic game and attempt to derive optimal policies that lead to socially-desirable outcomes using a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework (MARL), and propose a semi-sequential multi-agent training and policy dissemination algorithm for our MARL problem. We introduce a quantitative representation of the AVs’ social preferences and design a distributed reward structure that induces altruism into their decision-making process. Altruistic AVs are able to form alliances, guide the traffic, and affect the behavior of the HVs to handle competitive driving scenarios. We compare egoistic AVs to our altruistic autonomous agents in a highway merging setting and demonstrate the emerging behaviors that lead to improvement in the number of successful merges and the overall traffic flow and safety. |
17,626 | Please write an abstract with title: A Practical Application of Ieee Std 1584–2018, and key words: Electrodes, Pulp and paper industry, Arc discharges, IEEE Standards, Hazards, Data models, Sustainable development. Abstract: The IEEE Std. 1584–2018 Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations presents new challenges in data gathering and equipment modeling due to the removal of the 125 kVA exception and the addition of the ability to model electrode configurations, enclosure dimensions, and bus gaps. Engineers must now understand equipment construction and choose whether to field measure equipment and use actual data, or use the typical values presented in IEEE-Std.1584-2018. This paper will discuss how incident energy (IE) and arc-flash boundary (AFB) are affected by electrode configuration, enclosure size and bus gap. This will be demonstrated for various equipment types to determine the practical impact of conservative assumptions. It will also discuss the implications of the new statement regarding arc sustainability at < 2000 A and provide suggested guidelines for the selection of electrode configuration based on examination of real-world equipment construction. |
17,627 | Please write an abstract with title: Electron Scraping and Electron Temperature Reduction by Bias Electrode at the Extraction Region of a Large Negative Ion Source, and key words: Plasmas, Electrodes, Electric potential, Plasma temperature, Magnetic domains, Numerical models, Ion sources. Abstract: The neutral beam test facility (NBTF), built in Consorzio RFX (Padua, Italy), aims at optimizing the ITER neutral beam injectors through dedicated devices. The facility hosts the full-size prototype of the ion source of the ITER injectors, source for the production of ions of deuterium extracted from a radiofrequency plasma (SPIDER), a radio frequency-based, cesium-assisted negative ion source. The negative ion beam is extracted by a triode with total acceleration voltage up to 108 kV; each grid is provided with 1280 apertures. On the plasma side, the plasma electrode [plasma grid (PG)] is partially covered by an additional electrode [bias plate (BP)] featuring wide openings of the same size as the beamlet groups. The PG and BP can be independently biased with respect to the ion source, influencing the uniformity of the beam and the amount of coextracted electrons. This contribution aims at studying the scraping effect of the electrons by the BP along the direction parallel to the filter field through numerical simulations. The possible role of the BP bias in reducing both the electron density and temperature in front of the extraction apertures and the correlation of the electron temperature with the bias of the electrodes are also discussed. |
17,628 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-scale and Feature Fusion for Expression Recognition Networks, and key words: facial expression recognition, convolutional neural network, deep learning, attention mechanism, feature fusion. Abstract: This paper proposes a method for face expression recognition that combines multi-scale region awareness with multi-level feature fusion. It aims to overcome the challenge of extracting features from face regions that vary greatly in scale. Firstly, the paper uses an inverse residual structure to perform feature extraction in a high-dimensional space, compensating for the network’s lack of feature extraction capability. Secondly, the paper introduces multi-scale region awareness to address the multi-scale nature of face regions, using multi-scale feature extraction modules to extract features from different receptive fields, as well as multi-scale down-sampling to reduce the feature loss caused by pooling down-sampling. Thirdly, channels and spatial attention are introduced to suppress invalid regions. Finally, adaptive multi-level feature fusion maximises feature information at different depths of the network while avoiding inconsistencies between features. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving accuracy of 73.66%, 98.98%, and 88.07% in FER2013, CK+, and RAF-DB, respectively. |
17,629 | Please write an abstract with title: Determining Ground Insulation Parameters in Quarry Distribution Networks of Mining Companies in Tajikistan, and key words: Insulation, Companies, Gold, Silver, Resistance, Safety, Minerals. Abstract: The article deals with the brief description of mining companies in the Republic of Tajikistan (RT) and isolation levels of 6 kV quarry distribution networks. The specified network isolation parameters relative to the earth were determined by calculations based on the methods developed at the Department of “Life safety”, South Ural State University (SUSU). Calculations of insulation relative to the ground in quarry distribution electric networks of mining companies in the Republic of Tajikistan have shown that the value of capacitance currents of single-phase earth fault lies within 0.1 A to 0.37 A and depends on development levels of the companies. The active insulation resistances of the network phases relative to the ground are in the range from 18 k k Ω to 112 k Ω, considering the change in the network quiescence coefficient. The network capacity relative to the ground is in the range from 0.09 μF to 0.34 μF. The data obtained is necessary for selecting a security tool and evaluating the level of security. |
17,630 | Please write an abstract with title: Modular Rotating-hinge Prosthesis in Severe Haemophilic Valgus Knee Osteoarthritis. Case Presentation, and key words: Protocols, Pain, Surgery, Implants, Fasteners, Bones, Osteoarthritis. Abstract: We report a successful case of a patient with type A haemophilia, with advanced valgus knee osteoarthritis. The patient underwent surgery with metaphyseal cemented modular rotating hinge prosthesis type RT-PLUS Modular® and Moroctocog Alpha substitution treatment for effective hemostasis. |
17,631 | Please write an abstract with title: Photonic-Electronic Ultra-Broadband Signal Processing: Concepts, Devices, and Applications, and key words: Wireless communication, Photonic integrated circuits, Receivers, Signal processing, Plasmons, Silicon, Photonics. Abstract: Combining photonic integrated circuits (PIC) with millimeter-wave electronics opens novel perspectives in generation and detection of ultra-broadband signals with disruptive potential for a wide variety of applications. Here, we will give an overview on our recent progress in the field of ultra-broadband photonic-electronic signal processing, covering device concepts such as silicon plasmonic integration, signal processing concepts such as Kramers-Kronig-based phase reconstruction of THz signals, as well as application demonstrations in the field of high-speed wireless data transmission. |
17,632 | Please write an abstract with title: E-service classification techniques to support discovery in a mobile multichannel environment, and key words: Ontologies, Information systems, Adaptive systems, Context-aware services, Web services, Q factor, Quality of service, Web and internet services, Design methodology, Distributed information systems. Abstract: Featuring aspect of a mobile multichannel environment is that users want to be able to obtain e-services in any context in which they can operate and always with the best possible performances. Therefore, a flexible and adaptive e-service delivery approach is essential to cope with possible limitations imposed by changes in the context (i.e., user profile, geographical location, available channels and usable devices). In particular, an effective dynamic delivery of services requires the capability of discovering groups of services, which can substitute each other, with similarity properties based on their functionalities and quality factors. In this framework, a relevant role is thus assumed by methods and tools for the classification of services by considering offered functionalities and reference quality parameters. In this paper, we present an ontology-based approach and classification techniques based on the analysis of e-service descriptions, for both functional and nonfunctional aspects, and we discuss how they support e-service discovery. |
17,633 | Please write an abstract with title: Single-Phase Transfer Delay FLL With Enhanced Performance for Power System Applications, and key words: Frequency locked loops, Harmonic analysis, Estimation, Power system harmonics, Frequency estimation, Delays, Harmonic distortion. Abstract: This article proposes a gradient descent-based transfer delay frequency-locked loop (FLL) (GDTD FLL) to effectively address the challenges of existing transfer delay-based FLLs in terms of unacceptable frequency and phase angle overshoots during variations in the supply voltage amplitude and distorted voltage conditions. In the proposed GDTD FLL, a linear model of the distorted single-phase supply voltage is developed and the error term is constructed. Consequently, the gradient descent algorithm is employed to drive the error term to zero and provide an estimate of the FLL expression from which frequency estimation is achieved. By designing the learning rate employed in the gradient descent algorithm, a degree of freedom is introduced in the proposed GDTD FLL, giving it the ability to achieve improved performance during variations in the supply voltage amplitude. Furthermore, a delay-based harmonic cancellation approach is developed to reject supply voltage harmonics in the FLL’s phase angle estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed GDTD FLL is verified in comparison with other single-phase FLL schemes through experimental studies where it is shown that the proposed GDTD FLL effectively addresses the challenges of existing delay-based FLLs in terms of peak frequency and phase angle overshoots, especially when the supply voltage undergoes amplitude variation or distortion. |
17,634 | Please write an abstract with title: Accurate calculation and physical measurement of trasmission line parameters to improve impedance relay performance, and key words: Impedance measurement, Relays, Conductors, Earth, Poles and towers, Power transmission lines, Software tools, Conductivity, Power system relaying, Wires. Abstract: To accurately set an impedance relay it is imperative to know the impedance of the transmission line as well as the earth return path accurately. The electrical impedance parameters of transmission lines are determined either by using suitable software tools or by physically measuring the impedance. Both techniques yield comparable results, if the correct parameters are entered into the software tool |
17,635 | Please write an abstract with title: High productivity single wafer radical oxidation system, and key words: Productivity, Oxidation, Manufacturing processes, Costs, Semiconductor devices, Semiconductor device manufacture, Furnaces, Process control, Availability, Environmental economics. Abstract: This paper introduces a high productivity single wafer radical oxidation system developed for les90 nm device node. Today's semiconductor device manufacturers face dual challenges of increased technical complexity at virtually every process step, and fast introduction of new products with minimal cost. Up until now, furnaces have satisfied the thermal oxidation requirements in most fabs. The scaling of advanced devices requires higher quality oxides, tighter process control, and smaller thermal budgets at significantly reduced overall processing cost. RadOxtrade processes have already demonstrated advantages in a variety of applications for current devices, and have been well accepted by many device manufacturers. The availability of RadOxtrade processes on a reliable, small-footprint platform with reduced pressure capability will enable the technical advantages of single-wafer radical oxidation and the manufacturing requirements for today's economic environment. The Applied Vantagereg platform has already gained wide acceptance for implant and suicide anneals, and with the introduction of Applied Vantagereg RadOxtrade, the suite of applications is extended to include reduced pressure processes such as RadOxtrade. Process and system performance will be presented in this paper with emphasis on the chamber & platform technology elements that enable single-wafer radical oxidation on an industry-proven, cost-effective platform |
17,636 | Please write an abstract with title: Radiation properties of a tilted-flange parallel-plate waveguide, and key words: Power generation, Dielectrics, Tellurium, Frequency, Propagation losses, Integral equations, Reflection, Millimeter wave communication, Millimeter wave technology, Scattering. Abstract: The radiation properties of a tilted-flange parallel-plate waveguide (TFPPW) are investigated by the boundary element method (BEM) based on guided-mode extracted integral equations (GMEIE). The reflection coefficient, reflected and scattered powers as well as radiation pattern are calculated numerically for the case of incidence TE/sub 1/ guided-mode, including systems with dielectric filled and unfilled parallel-plate waveguide. |
17,637 | Please write an abstract with title: Ranking Models in Unlabeled New Environments, and key words: Measurement, Computer vision, Codes, Annotations, Computational modeling, Search problems, Task analysis. Abstract: Consider a scenario where we are supplied with a number of ready-to-use models trained on a certain source domain and hope to directly apply the most appropriate ones to different target domains based on the models’ relative performance. Ideally we should annotate a validation set for model performance assessment on each new target environment, but such annotations are often very expensive. Under this circumstance, we introduce the problem of ranking models in unlabeled new environments. For this problem, we propose to adopt a proxy dataset that 1) is fully labeled and 2) well reflects the true model rankings in a given target environment, and use the performance rankings on the proxy sets as surrogates. We first select labeled datasets as the proxy. Specifically, datasets that are more similar to the unlabeled target domain are found to better preserve the relative performance rankings. Motivated by this, we further propose to search the proxy set by sampling images from various datasets that have similar distributions as the target. We analyze the problem and its solutions on the person re-identification (re-ID) task, for which sufficient datasets are publicly available, and show that a carefully constructed proxy set effectively captures relative performance ranking in new environments. Code is avalible at https://github.com/sxzrt/Proxy-Set. |
17,638 | Please write an abstract with title: Online track processor for the CDF upgrade, and key words: Detectors, Physics, Particle tracking, Mesons, Laboratories, Joining processes, Pattern recognition, Programmable logic devices, Collaboration. Abstract: A trigger track processor, called the eXtremely Fast Tracker (XFT), has been designed for the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) upgrade. This processor identifies high-transverse-momentum (> 1.5 GeV/c) charged particles in the new central outer tracking chamber for CDF II. The XFT design is highly parallel to handle the input rate of 183 Gb/s and the output rate of 44 Gb/s. The processor is pipelined and reports the result for a new event every 132 ns. The processor uses three stages: hit classification, segment finding, and segment linking. The pattern recognition algorithms for the three stages are implemented in programmable logic devices (PLDs) which allow in situ modification of the algorithm at any time. The PLDs reside on three different types of modules. The complete system has been installed and commissioned at CDF II. An overview of the track processor and performance in CDF Run II are presented. |
17,639 | Please write an abstract with title: A Four Stage, 30 DB Gain, 100 MW Gunn Effect Amplifier in Ka-Band, and key words: Gain, Gunn devices, Power generation, Power amplifiers, High power amplifiers, Diodes, Packaging, Impedance, Frequency, Noise figure. Abstract: Design and performance of a four-stage, 30 dB gain Gunn effect amplifier are described. The frequency response at different input power levels in given, as well as gain variation versus temperature. Saturated output power is 250 mW. |
17,640 | Please write an abstract with title: A New Extremely Low Power Temperature Insensitive Electronically Tunable VCII-Based Grounded Capacitance Multiplier, and key words: Capacitors, Capacitance, Transistors, Impedance, Power demand, Voltage control. Abstract: In this brief, a new circuit topology to realize an electronically tunable grounded capacitor multiplier with extremely low power consumption and low supply voltage requirement is investigated. The proposed circuit uses an electronically tunable second generation voltage conveyor (VCII) and a single floating capacitor. Owing to the translinear principle, current gain of VCII is varied through a control current and, as a result, the value of simulated capacitor is also varied. Favorably the obtained gain is temperature insensitive. Both of the required supply voltage and control currents are very low because all transistors are biased in subthreshold region: therefore, electronic tunability is achieved while the power consumption is kept at very low value. In addition, the circuit realization is very simple since only twelve transistors are required. Simulation results, performed at schematic level in 0.18 μm CMOS technology and supply voltage of ±0.3V, are presented. It is shown that a multiplication factor from 1 to 100 is possible while the power consumption varies from 10 nW to 67 nW. |
17,641 | Please write an abstract with title: The Coverage Optimization Method for Underwater Sensor Network Based on VF-PSO Algorithm, and key words: Monitoring, Wireless sensor networks, Force, Robot sensing systems, Particle swarm optimization, Underwater acoustics, Optimization. Abstract: Coverage is an important indicator of the quality of underwater sensor network (UWSN) service. It reflects the monitoring capability of the network nodes to the UWSN deployment area and determines the overall lifetime of the UWSN. In order to improve network coverage and prolong network lifetime, this paper proposed a combination algorithm of virtual force and particle swarm optimization (VF-PSO). By the action of the virtual force, the underwater mobile nodes are moved to a relatively ideal position to maximize the network coverage. The virtual force is used to guide the optimization of the particle swarm so as to speed up the convergence of the particles to the global optimal solution. This algorithm not only effectively solves the problem of insufficient optimization ability of the virtual force algorithm, but also makes the particle swarm algorithm evolve towards the target solution that maximizes the area coverage. Simulation results show that the VF-PSO algorithm can effectively improve the effective coverage of underwater monitoring area, and avoid void-hole problem, while ensuring network connectivity compared with the algorithm proposed earlier. |
17,642 | Please write an abstract with title: Residential Demand Side Management Using Artificial Intelligence, and key words: Home appliances, Demand side management, Costs, Simulation, Power system stability, Stability analysis, Power grids. Abstract: There is an exponential increase for the global electricity demand during the last decade owing to overall development, especially in the industrial sector. Demand side management (DSM) is a critical function of a grid that encourages users to make decisions about their energy usage and enables energy suppliers minimize peak demand and reshape the profile of load. Energy demand could be minimized at specific time intervals using grid control algorithms like DSM. It is planning, implementing, and monitoring activities of electrical utilities which encourage consumers to modify their level and pattern of electricity usage, ensuring stability on the electricity grid and balance the electrical demand throughout the year. This paper presents a load shifting demand side management which transfers low priority consumer loads from peak to off peak periods, which can reduce peak demand and thereby cost. Simulations are carried out for a residential infrastructure. The results show that significant cost savings are achievable with the proposed optimization strategy. |
17,643 | Please write an abstract with title: Bright-band modeling of air/space-borne microwave radars, and key words: Spaceborne radar, Snow, Airborne radar, Rain, Radar imaging, NASA, Radar measurements, Radar scattering, Particle scattering, Dielectric constant. Abstract: In simulating the radar echo in the melting layer of stratiform rain, a melting snowflake is modeled as a spherical non-uniform mixture, prescribed as a stratified-sphere in that the fractional water content is given as a function of the radius of sphere. Combined with the melting layer model that depicts the melting fractions and fall velocities of hydrometeors, the radar profiles are produced and then compared with the measurements of TRMM PR and the dual-wavelength airborne radar. |
17,644 | Please write an abstract with title: Dislocation activity of micro-bubbles in sapphire shaped crystals detected using Synchrotron Radiation, and key words: Integrated optics, Optical microscopy, Optical diffraction, Image resolution, Microscopy, X-ray lasers, X-ray diffraction. Abstract: We present the approach to evaluating critical strains for the basal plane slip in sapphire ribbons. Using computer simulations to calculate the elastic sresses around a spherical micro-bubble, we have obtained actual bubble size which is below the resolution limit of conventional optical microscopes. Matching synchrotron phase-contrast images and x-ray diffraction topographs confirms the generation of dislocations at the bubbles. |
17,645 | Please write an abstract with title: Using horizontal borehole GPR data to estimate the effect of maize plants on the spatial and temporal distribution of dielectric permittivity, and key words: Ground penetrating radar, Soil measurements, Permittivity measurement, Statistical analysis, Soil properties, Crops, Computer architecture. Abstract: Agro-ecosystems and their yield productivity are influenced by root water and nutrient uptake. This uptake depends on the crop root architecture and the soil water content distribution within the soil-root zone. Investigating this zone and its processes can help to optimize agricultural practices, like irrigation and fertilization and therefore helps to achieve the goal for sustainable crop production. Mini-rhizotrons have shown to be effective to non-invasively investigate the soil-root zone throughout crop growing seasons using horizontal rhizotubes installed at different depths in the subsurface. In this study, in-situ time-lapse crosshole ground penetrating radar measurements and root images were collected over three maize crop growing seasons at two mini-rhizotron facilities in Selhausen, Germany. These facilities allow to measure data at six different depths ranging between 0.1 m – 1.2 m and for three different plots with varying treatments. The dielectric permittivity was derived from the horizontal crosshole GPR measurements by using standard ray-based analysis along a pair of rhizotubes. Such horizontal permittivity slices can be linked to soil water content using petro-physical relationships. The root architecture is expressed as root length density and is derived from the images, using a workflow combining state-of-the-art software tools, deep neural networks and automated feature extraction. The results of the dielectric permittivity indicate horizontal and vertical variations, depending on weather conditions, soil properties, and root architecture. To quantify the impact of the roots on the spatial and temporal distribution of the dielectric permittivity, we used statistical methods to eliminate the effects of soil heterogeneity, tube deviations and daily evapotranspiration changes. Resulting in permittivity variation along the rhizotubes impacted by the presence of roots. |
17,646 | Please write an abstract with title: A Lego robot for experimental benchmarking of robust exploration algorithms, and key words: Robustness, Mobile robots, Benchmark testing, Wheels, Robot sensing systems, Mechatronics, Robust control, Performance evaluation, Robot control, Robotic assembly. Abstract: A very simple autonomous robot based on the Lego programmable brick (RCX) is proposed to test the performances of robust exploration algorithms. The robot must explore an unknown area with arbitrary boundary detected by a unique light-sensor and has to find a little target by travelling within the search area. The control algorithm must keep the robot within the area and adjust the trajectory after each collision to the boundary. The mechatronic design may be optimized but attention is focused on the robustness of the control strategy. Experimental benchmarking is presented for fixed and random turning. Programming details are discussed to further test other different algorithms. |
17,647 | Please write an abstract with title: Likelihood of Unmitigated Collision Risks for Uas in Defined Airspace Volumes, and key words: Limiting, Statistical analysis, Navigation, Surveillance, Transforms, Trajectory, Safety. Abstract: The capability to properly assess the risks associated with the integration of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) into the National Airspace System (NAS) is critical to ensuring UAS operations are introduced in a safe and responsible manner. Key to this capability is the accurate determination of the likelihood of collision between UAS and other aircraft. Likelihood of such collisions are not well understood and, in many cases, are assessed in a subjective and qualitative manner, resulting in potentially inaccurate assumptions and evaluation of risk and/or allocation of limiting mitigations that decrease the efficiency and effectiveness of UAS operations. Quantification of the likelihood of these collision risk elements will transform the way UAS integration is evaluated and approvedThis paper focuses on a methodology to quantify and analyze the likelihood of unmitigated aircraft collisions within defined airspace volumes. This methodology, developed by The MITRE Corporation (MITRE), will enable a more objective, standardized, and comprehensive assessment of the collision risk posed by the integration of UAS into the NAS with the ability to statistically assess the differences between distributions of risk across multiple airspace volumes. Leveraging this methodology will speed the determination of airspace risk associated with integration and will specifically assist in the identification of mitigations to reduce identified risk to an acceptable level. |
17,648 | Please write an abstract with title: A user-oriented fuzzy system for components packaging and systems integration, and key words: Fuzzy systems, Packaging, Fuzzy logic, Application software, Process control, Decision making, Nails, Steel, Information systems, Australia. Abstract: This paper investigates the issues of components packaging and systems integrations through users oriented application services delivery. We investigate the use of a fuzzy component that is capable of extracting contextual semantics from the goals specified by users to assist systems integration needs. The process of the integrated solutions impacts both internal (i.e., software components) and external (i.e. systems) worlds. The integration control process is mediated through a fuzzy-based transformation mechanism to assist in decision making from users perspectives. |
17,649 | Please write an abstract with title: Effect of Moisture on the Electrical Treeing Characteristics in ER and ERIP, and key words: Electrodes, Insulation, Electric breakdown, Moisture, Epoxy resins, Morphology, High-voltage techniques. Abstract: Epoxy resin (ER) and epoxy resin impregnated paper (ERIP) are commonly used insulation materials, playing important roles in the field of power equipment and electrical equipment. However, moisture has a significant impact on ER and ERIP insulation performance. To research the effect of moisture on the electrical treeing characteristics in ER and ERIP, the experimental platform of treeing at AC-temperature was established. The needle electrodes were cast into the samples with the gap of 2 mm. Electrical treeing experiments were conducted on moist and non-moist ER, ERIP samples at 16 kV AC at 60°C respectively. The results show moisture has little effect on the initiation of electrical trees. For the EP samples, the moisture results that the breakdown time of samples reduces. For the ERIP samples, the moisture prompted the morphology of the trees changing from branch like to bush like, which rarely occurring in the ERIP samples. The density of the trees increases and the fractal dimension increases significantly. The samples do not breakdown for more than 10 h. This may be due to the shielding effect of the defects. The results of this paper may help to explore the life of insulating materials and may provide a reference for the optimal design of insulation materials. |
17,650 | Please write an abstract with title: Large-Area Ultra-Broadband Achromatic Flat Lens for Imaging in the SWIR, and key words: Lenses, Optical diffraction, Optical imaging, Optical sensors, Adaptive optics, Bandwidth. Abstract: We demonstrate an achromatic multi-level diffractive lens, which has a focal length of 25 mm, the aperture diameter of 8.93 mm, and thickness of 2.6 μm operating in the SWIR band (875 nm - 1675 nm). |
17,651 | Please write an abstract with title: Forming of specialist's science-technics worldoutlook: discipline "Concepts of modern natural sciences, technics and technologies", and key words: Educational programs, Educational products, Modems, Educational technology, Cultural differences, Information technology, Production, Consumer electronics, Protection, Image analysis. Abstract: General requirements to higher education are considered. The notion "specialist's science-technics worldoutlook" is introduced. Structure of the specialist's science-technics worldoutlook and its forming are considered. The discipline "concepts of modern natural sciences, technics and technologies" is suggested. Tentative education program of the general part of discipline and its special part for speciality "production of electronic apparatus" are brought. |
17,652 | Please write an abstract with title: An intelligence decision support system for hydraulic engineering aging evaluation and remedy, and key words: Intelligent systems, Decision support systems, Systems engineering and theory, Aging, Maintenance engineering, Design engineering, Accidents, Diseases, Artificial intelligence, Databases. Abstract: The engineering aging has attracted more attention. The scientific evaluation of engineering's aging degree and reasonable remedy measures can effectively prevent and delay the engineering's defects or accidents because of aging. An intelligence decision support system used in hydraulic engineering aging evaluation and remedy is recommended. The system's feasibility and characteristics are analyzed and the system component and function design are introduced in detail. |
17,653 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-step Ahead Time Series Prediction via Bagging Trees Based Neighborhood, and key words: Training, Computational modeling, Time series analysis, Machine learning, Encoding, Forecasting, Bagging. Abstract: Locality based prediction has shown excellent performance in difficult multi-step forecasting problems. However, either neighbor search or sparse coding is usually used to define locality, which requires considerable computations. In this paper, we are investigating a locality-based time series forecasting based on bagging trees defined neighborhood. The proposed method is based on finding all the training examples that share the same leaves in the bagging trees ensemble with the test vector. Then we calculate the predicted target value based on the training examples respective weights (how many times each training example share the same terminal node in each tree with the test example). Two types of bagging trees are investigated; (classification and regression). We test our proposed method on the monthly time series data from M3 competition dataset with horizons range (1 to 18). We compare our results with other machine learning and statistical forecasting techniques. The proposed model outperformed almost all other techniques especially in higher horizons. |
17,654 | Please write an abstract with title: Adapting a STEM Robotics Program to the Covid-19 Pandemic – an application for Systems Engineering, and key words: COVID-19, Pandemics, Conferences, Systems engineering and theory, Teamwork, Planning, Systems thinking. Abstract: At the 2019 ISEC conference, a paper was presented [1] that quantitatively described how the IEEE STEaM Robot Challenge project, based on handson teamwork and student interactions, leads students to improved learning engagement, and an increased interest in Engineering. After cancelling the event in 2020 due to the Covid-19 Pandemic, it was decided to redesign the project and research whether in the midst of current restrictions, improvements in students’ learning engagement could still be obtained even when students would have to work from home and where teamwork could only be practiced on-line. The changes would need to provide a comparable Challenge in each of the four elements of the previous program, and would be validated by a student survey similar to the one conducted for the 2019 paper. Because the project needed to work right the first (and possibly only) time, it was decided to use System Engineering concepts for the re-design, so the project would then become a case study on the use of this technique in an educational setting. The lessons learned from this redesign, and the arrangements developed for the 2021 Robot Challenge competition, may not only be of value for those planning other competitions, but the new on-line system utilized could be readily adapted to reach students living in rural and underserved communities, thus providing them with the same learning experience as those living in metropolitan centers. |
17,655 | Please write an abstract with title: The use of time-domain selection for improved linear prediction, and key words: Time domain analysis, Speech analysis, Linear predictive coding, Poles and zeros, Speech coding, Vectors, Information analysis, Predictive models, Algorithm design and analysis, Parameter estimation. Abstract: We show by theoretical argument and by experiment with both synthetic and real data that selection of an undriven segment of voiced speech for analysis by linear predictive coding (LPC) gives more accurate estimates of the poles of the vocal-tract model. In the case of voiced nasal phonemes, this technique provides a simple algorithm for separately determining the poles and the zeros in the model and illustrates the desirability of identifying the portions of the speech wave during which there is a significant driving input. A key problem which remains is the development of a practical algorithm for selecting such segments for analysis. |
17,656 | Please write an abstract with title: A 1.5 V opamp design with high gain, wide bandwidth and its application in a high Q bandpass filter operating at 10.7 MHz, and key words: Bandwidth, Band pass filters, Voltage, Circuit testing, Circuit simulation, Frequency response, Topology, Capacitors, Feedback circuits, MOS devices. Abstract: In this paper the design of a low voltage amplifier operating from 0 to 1.5 V single supply is presented first. The amplifier has the advantages of having a very high gain, a wide bandwidth, a fast settling time and a high output swing. The amplifier presented was designed in a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. A proposed bandpass filter design operating at 10.7 MHz using the designed amplifier is analyzed. Simulation results of the proposed filter shows a good approach to design high Q bandpass filters. |
17,657 | Please write an abstract with title: Repair of Multiple Descriptions on Distributed Storage, and key words: Systems operation, Maintenance engineering, Distortion, Servers, Information theory. Abstract: In multiple descriptions on distributed storage, a source is stored in a shared fashion on multiple servers. When a subset of servers are contacted, the source should be estimated with a certain maximum distortion depending on the number of servers. The problem considered in this paper is how to restore the system operation when one of the servers fail and a new server replaces it, that is, repair. The requirement is that the distortions in the restored system should be no more than in the original system. The question is how many extra bits are needed for repair. We find the optimum solution for a two server problem in the Gaussian case, and an achievable rate for general n nodes. One conclusion is that it is necessary to design the multiple description codes with repair in mind. |
17,658 | Please write an abstract with title: Representability of genomic signals, and key words: Genomics, Bioinformatics, Sequences, Signal analysis, Data visualization, Large-scale systems, Biological cells, Signal processing, DNA, Data analysis. Abstract: The paper presents a simple novel approach to data representability, based on the concept of relative data variation for a pixel. Typical cases of signals are analyzed from the representability point of view, with the focus on genomic signals. It is shown that the variation of genomic data along nucleotide sequences, specifically the cumulated and unwrapped phase of complex genomic signals, can be visualized adequately as simple lines for low and large scales, while for medium scales (up to several hundred samples per pixel) the approach used for statistical data representation must be used. |
17,659 | Please write an abstract with title: Patent Analysis and Suggestion of Network Function Virtualization Technology, and key words: Patents, Communication industry, 5G mobile communication, Companies, Market research, Network function virtualization, Research and development. Abstract: Network virtualization technology (NFV) is one of the key network technologies in the development of 5G technology. The article analyzes NFV technology from application trend, technology trend, patent competition, PCT application and patent citation. It provides corresponding conclusions and suggestions for China's communication industry and promotes the prosperity and development of China's communication industry by analyzing the development status and future trends of NFV technology. |
17,660 | Please write an abstract with title: Calm in your palm: biofeedback device promises to reduce stress, and key words: Stress. Abstract: This paper reviews a new handheld biofeedback device, called the StressEraser, developed by the NY-based firm, Helicor Inc. The StressEraser is an aid for deep breathing exercises, which are commonly prescribed to alleviate stress. The device is basically a pulse oximeter integrated with a display and a microprocessor and is able to monitor your heart rate to identify the activity level of the vagus nerve. By tracking the vagus nerve activity, the StressEraser gives you an audible and visual cue just ahead of the nerve's peak activity by plotting tiny changes in your heart rate as a line moving across the device's screen. While it is easy-to-use and is well designed, it needs a marked menu button to allow easy adjustment of device's key settings. |
17,661 | Please write an abstract with title: High-Resolution 3-Dimensional Contact Deformation Tracking for FingerVision Sensor With Dense Random Color Pattern, and key words: Robot sensing systems, Strain, Finite element analysis, Optical flow, Surface treatment, Tactile sensors, Optical sensors. Abstract: Recent studies on vision-based tactile sensing have shown promising results on the perception of contact information, which could improve the performance of dexterous manipulations. However, 3-dimensional contact deformation tracking at a higher resolution is desired and remains a challenge for vision-based tactile sensors with monocular configurations. In this work, a similar hardware structure to our previous FingerVision sensor is adopted. The dot markers are replaced with a novel random color pattern as the sensor's tracking target and a dense optical flow algorithm is used to track the deformation of its elastic contact interface. This results in a more accurate 2-dimensional deformation field estimation at a higher resolution in comparison with that obtained using sparse dot markers. Additionally, the denser and more accurate deformation field enables depth estimation with better fidelity. To achieve depth estimation purely from the optical flow field, Gaussian density feature extraction and processing framework are proposed. The resulting depth map can be used independently as a tactile sensing modality, or jointly with the accurate in-plane displacement field as a more complete deformation tracking of contact interfaces for vision-based tactile sensors. |
17,662 | Please write an abstract with title: Displacement vector estimation with cellular neural networks, and key words: Cellular neural networks, Polynomials, Object detection, Computer vision, Motion estimation, Neural networks, Couplings, Physics, Video coding, Optimization methods. Abstract: Displacement vector estimation is one of the open key problems in computer vision and video coding. For example, in computer vision, displacement vector estimation is usually the basis of some kind of motion estimation. Unfortunately, displacement vector estimation using statistical methods is always computationally complex, which might be a restriction in real-time processing. In this paper, we show that displacement vector estimation can be efficiently performed by using cellular neural networks (CNNs). In order to find CNN templates, therefore, we have used the new optimization method of iterative annealing. |
17,663 | Please write an abstract with title: The organic grid: self-organizing computation on a peer-to-peer network, and key words: Peer to peer computing, Computer networks, Grid computing, Biology computing, Network servers, Scalability, Processor scheduling, Mobile agents, Biological system modeling, Large-scale systems. Abstract: Desktop grids have recently been used to perform some of the largest computations in the world and have the potential to grow by several more orders of magnitude. However, current approaches to utilizing desktop resources require either centralized servers or extensive knowledge of the underlying system, limiting their scalability. We propose a biologically inspired and fully-decentralized approach to the organization of computation that is based on the autonomous scheduling of strongly mobile agents on a peer-to-peer network. In a radical departure from current models, we envision large-scale desktop grids in which agents autonomously organize themselves so as to maximize resource utilization. By encapsulating computation and behavior into agents, the organization of the computation can be customized for different classes of applications. At the same time, the design of the underlying infrastructure is greatly simplified, resulting in a system that naturally lends itself to a true peer-to-peer implementation where each node can be at the same time provider and user of the computing utility infrastructure. We demonstrate this concept with a reduced-scale proof-of-concept implementation that executes a data-intensive independent-task application on a set of heterogeneous, geographically distributed machines. We present a detailed exploration of the design space of our system and a performance evaluation of our implementation using metrics appropriate for assessing self-organizing desktop grids. |
17,664 | Please write an abstract with title: Heuristic Secondary Frequency Control of AC/DC Interconnected Power System in a Deregulated Environment, and key words: Renewable energy sources, HVDC transmission, Perturbation methods, Power system dynamics, Power system stability, Robustness, Nonlinear dynamical systems. Abstract: The modern power system environment is becoming more complex, dynamic and highly nonlinear in nature. The problem of frequency control is an intrinsic one because of the constant mismatch between power generated and demanded, the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, and dynamic power system deregulation. This paper presents an heuristic approach to design a secondary frequency control system for a multi-area interconnected power system in a deregulated or restructured environment. The robustness of the designed controller is tested under varying load perturbations and operating conditions. |
17,665 | Please write an abstract with title: An Effective and Lightweight Countermeasure Scheme to Multiple Network Attacks in NDN, and key words: Pollution, Monitoring, Transmission line measurements, Probabilistic logic, Trust management, Routing, Data models. Abstract: In Named Data Networking, cache pollution, cache poisoning and interest flooding are three popular types of attacks that can drastically degrade the network performance. However, previous methods for mitigating these attacks are not sufficiently effective or efficient. Also, they cannot simultaneously handle the three attacks, or the case that core routers or edge routers are compromised. To handle these problems, we propose an effective and lightweight countermeasure scheme. It consists of token-based router monitoring policy (TRM), hierarchical consensus-based trust management (HCT), and popularity-based probabilistic caching and caching replacement policy (PPC). In TRM, each edge router monitors and evaluates each data requester’s probability of launching the cache pollution attack and each data provider’s probability of launching the cache poisoning attack, and accordingly assigns, rewards and penalizes tokens to them to control their data request and data provision activities. Thus, the interest flooding attack can also be mitigated by limiting the consumption of tokens. In HCT, each core router manages its directly connected edge routers using TRM, and the core routers trust each other through adopting the concept of consensus in Blockchain. Thus, the edge and core routers executing monitoring and evaluation are trustable. PPC uses probabilistic caching and caching replacement based on the popularity of received content to further mitigate the attacks and reduce caching and data verification overhead. Results from simulation experiments demonstrate that our proposed scheme has better performance, in terms of interest satisfaction ratio and average end-to-end delay than current mechanisms. |
17,666 | Please write an abstract with title: Speech Emotion Recognition Based on Discriminative Features Extraction, and key words: Human computer interaction, Time-frequency analysis, Emotion recognition, Neural networks, Speech recognition, Multimedia databases, Feature extraction. Abstract: In intelligent human-computer interaction systems, speech emotion recognition (SER) is a fundamental task for understanding user intention. One vital challenge for emotion inferring is how to extract discriminative and robust features. In this paper, we propose a novel network based on the Time-Frequency Weighting (TFW) module and the ConvlD enabled Multi-head Element-wise Self-attention (ID-MESA) block to extract discriminative features from three dimensions of time, frequency and channel for improving the performance in SER. The TFW module is designed to capture emotion information along the time and frequency dimensions in the shallow neural network. As the high complexity of the emotion feature, the 1D-MESA block can assist the network to locate the discriminative emotion features in the channel dimension. The proposed architecture outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in the IEMOCAP database, with the absolute increase of 3.98% and 1.58% on unweighted accuracy among four emotion classes and weighted accuracy, respectively. |
17,667 | Please write an abstract with title: The Effects of Nonlinear Membrane Capacity on the Interaction of Microwave and Radio Frequencies with Biological Materials, and key words: Biomembranes, Radio frequency, Biological materials, Biological system modeling, Predictive models, Capacitance, Voltage, Signal generators, Production, RF signals. Abstract: A model for the capacitance of biological membranes as a function of voltage is used to predict signal mixing and difference frequency generation in membranes. Production of low-frequency signals by the biomembrane from modulated RF is predicted, and implications for macroscopic modification of membrane function are discussed. |
17,668 | Please write an abstract with title: Method of scores analysis based on rough set theory, and key words: Set theory, Testing, Mathematics, Physics, Data engineering, Intelligent systems, Application software, Rough sets, Environmental economics, Information science. Abstract: Based on the rough set theory, a new method of scores analysis is presented. The influence of each part of test content on the total score is judged by the degree of dependency /spl gamma//sub C/(D) and significance of attribute /spl sigma//sub CD/(C'), and the algorithm and an example is presented. |
17,669 | Please write an abstract with title: An Empirical Study of the Dependency Networks of Deep Learning Libraries, and key words: Deep learning, Software maintenance, Conferences, Libraries, Computer crashes, Security, Software development management. Abstract: Deep Learning techniques have been prevalent in various domains, and more and more open source projects in GitHub rely on deep learning libraries to implement their algorithms. To that end, they should always keep pace with the latest versions of deep learning libraries to make the best use of deep learning libraries. Aptly managing the versions of deep learning libraries can help projects avoid crashes or security issues caused by deep learning libraries. Unfortunately, very few studies have been done on the dependency networks of deep learning libraries. In this paper, we take the first step to perform an exploratory study on the dependency networks of deep learning libraries, namely, Tensorflow, PyTorch, and Theano. We study the project purposes, application domains, dependency degrees, update behaviors and reasons as well as version distributions of deep learning projects that depend on Tensorflow, PyTorch, and Theano. Our study unveils some commonalities in various aspects (e.g., purposes, application domains, dependency degrees) of deep learning libraries and reveals some discrepancies as for the update behaviors, update reasons, and the version distributions. Our findings highlight some directions for researchers and also provide suggestions for deep learning developers and users. |
17,670 | Please write an abstract with title: Weighted constrained based optimization for secured medical data using Vertex Magic Total Labeling of Complete Graphs along with RSA algorithm, and key words: Image segmentation, Systematics, Convolution, Microscopy, Neural networks, Convolutional neural networks, Security. Abstract: Medical image security is used by many suppliers for healthcare systems such as hospitals, medical practitioners, doctors, etc. the main aim of the research is to secure the medical images using the private key access for the secured images. The identification of white cell in images of microscopic is so tedious time taking and the results depends on experience of hematologist. The convolution neural network (CNN) segments the cytoplasm and nucleus of WBCs from the microscopic, spectral and hyper spectral images and classifiers them as white cells with nucleus. These diagnosed with B- lineage Acute Lymphoid Leukemia(B-ALL) and Multiple Myeloma (MM) images are secured using private RSA key generation using Vertex Magic Totaling Labeling (VMTL). The proposed CNN based weighted constrained based optimization showed accuracy of 93%. |
17,671 | Please write an abstract with title: Energy Efficient Low Complexity Inexact Adder for Error Tolerant Applications, and key words: Measurement, Power demand, Error analysis, Signal processing, Energy efficiency, Delays, Complexity theory. Abstract: approximate computing has emerged as a new approach for the design of energy efficient adders and multipliers in error resilience application. Being the fundamental arithmetic circuits, adder found its application in all signal processing system. In this work, four different high performance approximate adders namely 8-bit approximate adder1 (EBAAI), 8-bit approximate adder2 (EBAAI), 8-bit hybrid approximate adder1 (EBHAAI) and 8-bit hybrid approximate adder2 (EBHAA2) are designed using logic optimization and their performance is compared with conventional exact adder. In EBAAI and EBAA2 all the eight bits of the adder is designed using inexact adders while in EBHAAI and EBHAA2 least significant 4-bits of 8-bit adder is designed using inexact adders and MSB bits are designed using exact adders. The proposed work is simulated in Cadence Incisive and synthesized in Cadence Genus using 180nm technology library. Among the four proposed adders EBHAA2 is found to exhibit better performance compared to exact adder with 17 % saving in power consumption and 29 % improvement in power delay product with an acceptable error rate of 26.37 %. |
17,672 | Please write an abstract with title: A configurable network protocol for cluster based communications using modular hardware primitives on an intelligent NIC, and key words: Protocols, Hardware, Intelligent networks, Computer architecture, Delay, Switches, Table lookup, Parallel architectures, Laboratories, Electronic mail. Abstract: The high overhead of generic protocols like TCP/IP provides strong motivation for the development of a better protocol architecture for cluster-based parallel computers. Reconfigurable computing has a unique opportunity to contribute hardware level protocol acceleration while retaining the flexibility to adapt to changing needs. Thus, it is possible to provide application-specific protocol processing to improve performance and to reduce space utilization. Reducing space utilization permits the use of a greater portion of the FPGA for other application-specific processing. This paper focuses on work to create a set of components that can be put together as needed to obtain a customized protocol for each application. The components are parameterizable, increasing the protocol's flexibility. To study the feasibility of such an architecture, hardware components for the reconfigurable logic on the NIC were built such that they can be stitched together as required to provide the required functionality. Feasibility is demonstrated using four different protocol configurations in this paper. The different configurations illustrate trade-offs between chip space and functionality. |
17,673 | Please write an abstract with title: 136/spl mu/W/channel autonomous strain gauge datalogger, and key words: Capacitive sensors, Strain measurement, Prosthetics, Electrical resistance measurement, Sampling methods, In vivo, Dentistry, Transceivers, Decoding, Frequency. Abstract: A single-chip 18-channel strain gauge datalogger IC is integrated in a 0.7/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The chip combines a 10 microstrain accuracy sensor interface with digital offset-compensation, a wireless 132kHz/66kHz transceiver and a 23.4kgate digital unit with adjustable data-processing. The datalogger's maximum power consumption, including an external 2Mb RAM, is 136/spl mu/W/channel at 3.1V. |
17,674 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Simulation Verification of Mechanical Properties for Planetary Roller Screw Mechanism, and key words: Deformable models, Analytical models, Friction, Fasteners, Stress, Load modeling, Strain. Abstract: Load capacity is an important index to evaluate the mechanical performance of the planetary roller screw mechanism (PRSM). Improving load distribution is the key to improving load capacity. This paper analyzes and simulates the mechanical properties of PRSM. Firstly, the force on the thread contact point is performed, and the load distribution of each thread is obtained by establishing the load calculation model based on the deformation coordination relationship. Then, the PRSM Hertzian stress model is established, and the Hertzian stress variations of the contact points are calculated. On this basis, the influence of the roller pitch and thread length on the load capacity is compared and analyzed, and the roller thread is further modified. The results of calculation and simulation show that the roller modification can effectively reduce the maximum contact stress. |
17,675 | Please write an abstract with title: Statistical restoration for robust and secure steganography, and key words: Robustness, Steganography, Image restoration, Statistics, Histograms, Data encapsulation, Quantization, Discrete cosine transforms, Decoding, Watermarking. Abstract: We investigate data hiding techniques that attempt to defeat steganalysis by restoring the statistics of the composite image to resemble that of the cover. The approach is to reserve a number of host symbols for statistical restoration: host statistics perturbed by data embedding are restored by suitably modifying the symbols from the reserved set. While statistical restoration has broad applicability to a variety of hiding methods, we illustrate our ideas here for quantization index modulation (QIM) based hiding. We propose a method for significantly reducing the detectability of QIM, while preserving its robustness to attacks. We next use the framework of statistical restoration to develop a method to combat steganalysis techniques which detect block-DCT embedding by evaluating the increase in blockiness of the image due to hiding. Numerical results demonstrating the efficacy of these techniques are provided. |
17,676 | Please write an abstract with title: HDPM: An Effective Heart Disease Prediction Model for a Clinical Decision Support System, and key words: Heart, Diseases, Predictive models, Support vector machines, Data models, Radio frequency, Machine learning. Abstract: Heart disease, one of the major causes of mortality worldwide, can be mitigated by early heart disease diagnosis. A clinical decision support system (CDSS) can be used to diagnose the subjects' heart disease status earlier. This study proposes an effective heart disease prediction model (HDPM) for a CDSS which consists of Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) to detect and eliminate the outliers, a hybrid Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique-Edited Nearest Neighbor (SMOTE-ENN) to balance the training data distribution and XGBoost to predict heart disease. Two publicly available datasets (Statlog and Cleveland) were used to build the model and compare the results with those of other models (naive bayes (NB), logistic regression (LR), multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), and random forest (RF)) and of previous study results. The results revealed that the proposed model outperformed other models and previous study results by achieving accuracies of 95.90% and 98.40% for Statlog and Cleveland datasets, respectively. In addition, we designed and developed the prototype of the Heart Disease CDSS (HDCDSS) to help doctors/clinicians diagnose the patients'/subjects' heart disease status based on their current condition. Therefore, early treatment could be conducted to prevent the deaths caused by late heart disease diagnosis. |
17,677 | Please write an abstract with title: Rate-Splitting Multiple Access: A New Frontier for the PHY Layer of 6G, and key words: 6G mobile communication, NOMA, Vehicular and wireless technologies, Transmitters, Wireless networks, Interference, Quality of service. Abstract: In order to efficiently cope with the high throughput, reliability, heterogeneity of Quality-of-Service (QoS), and massive connectivity requirements of future 6G multi-antenna wireless networks, multiple access and multiuser communication system design need to depart from conventional interference management strategies, namely fully treat interference as noise (as commonly used in 4G/5G, MU-MIMO, CoMP, Massive MIMO, millimetre wave MIMO) and fully decode interference (as in Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access, NOMA). This paper is dedicated to the theory and applications of a more general and powerful transmission framework based on Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) that splits messages into common and private parts and enables to partially decode interference and treat remaining part of the interference as noise. This enables RSMA to softly bridge and therefore reconcile the two extreme strategies of fully decode interference and treat interference as noise and provide room for spectral efficiency, energy efficiency and QoS enhancements, robustness to imperfect Channel State Information at the Transmitter (CSIT), and complexity reduction. This paper provides an overview of RSMA and its potential to address the requirements of 6G. |
17,678 | Please write an abstract with title: PSANet - subspace attention for personalized compatibility, and key words: Measurement, Conferences, Data mining. Abstract: Recommending sets of items that include both personalized and compatible items is crucial to personalized styling programs such as Amazon’s Personal Shopper. There is both an extensive literature on learning generic fashion compatibility and also on personalization in fashion. However, recommending pairs of items that the customer would like to wear together is still less studied as it involves learning a compatibility metric personalized to each customer. We propose a new framework (PSA-Net) to learn compatibility that is personalized to the customer - a customer dependent subspace learning framework where attention weights of subspaces are learnt using customer representations. We evaluate our approach on compatibility data provided directly by customers. Our approach outperforms the non-personalized approach in predicting compatibility preferences of customers. In other words, an approach that learns a common compatibility metric for all customers. In addition, we compare the significance of feedback collected directly from customers to that of data collected from human stylists in predicting compatibility for Amazon customers. |
17,679 | Please write an abstract with title: Fuzzy Adaptive Strategy based on Finite-time Observer for Virtual Synchronous Generator in Frequency Regulation of Microgrid, and key words: Damping, Renewable energy sources, Adaptive systems, Simulation, Microgrids, Observers, Synchronous generators. Abstract: A rule-based adaptive Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control has been proposed for the frequency regulation of converter supported microgrid systems in this paper. Previous studies show that fixed-parameters VSG control strategy cannot adequately cope with the power changes, disturbances and frequency variation. On the other hand, a conventional adaptive strategy for VSG control is based on linear quantification, which limits the adaptivity of parameters. In this paper, a novel fuzzy adaptive approach based on the finite-time observer for VSG control is proposed and implemented in a microgrid system with energy storage system (ESS). The range of inertia is also considered. Finally, the proposed control strategy based on the observer is tested and verified in a microgrid system with PV array and energy storage battery on DC side. |
17,680 | Please write an abstract with title: A Multi-Feature User Authentication Model Based on Mobile App Interactions, and key words: Authentication, Mobile handsets, Smart homes, Object recognition, Knowledge based systems, Feature extraction. Abstract: Knowledge-based authentication approaches such as the use of passwords and personal identification numbers (PINs) are the most common ways of authenticating users. The main problem with such approach is relying on simple authentication login credentials at the login stage, and assuming the user is still the same between access sessions makes applications and networks vulnerable to access by unauthorized users. Application-level access patterns on smartphone and tablet devices can be utilized to provide an approach for continuously authenticating and identifying users. This paper presents a user authentication and identification method based on mobile application access patterns, and throughout the paper we use a smart home environment as a motivating scenario. To enhance the classification process, many features have been extracted and utilized which considerably improved differentiating between users and eliminating similarities in the access usage patterns. The proposed model has been evaluated using two datasets, and the results show an ability to authenticate users with high accuracy in terms of low false positive, false negative, and equal error rates. Overall, the statistical analysis of the extracted multi-features and the results show that the feasibility of decision-making based on app interactions can lead to high accuracy. |
17,681 | Please write an abstract with title: Agents paradigm to solve a complex optimization problem, and key words: Multiagent systems, Artificial intelligence, Kinematics, Collaboration, Convergence, Jacobian matrices, Computational complexity, Robot control, Robot motion, Control system synthesis. Abstract: Agents are computational systems interacting with dynamic, and non-entirely predictable environments. They decide for themselves, on the basis of their individual beliefs, goals, etc., how to respond to the environment. An agent is usually motivated to achieve a feasible objective by means of the collaboration of other agents. For example, lifting a heavy table may be impossible without help. However, it can be done by simply asking others for help. The process of gaining collaboration can take many forms. However, some tasks need more detailed communication to generate an explicit mutually acceptable agreement through negotiation. This paper presents a new method to solve the inverse kinematic problem of a redundant robot using the agents paradigm. This method guarantees rapid convergence of the robot to desired position, with substantially good accuracy. The originality of the proposed approach is its ability to overcome some of the standard problems such as the computation of the inverse or pseudoinverse Jacobian matrix, problem of singularity, redundancy, and considerably increased computational complexity, etc. |
17,682 | Please write an abstract with title: Use of electricity in development of the resources of the union, and key words: Iron, Coal, Electric potential, Traction motors, Sulfur, Slag, Electrodes. Abstract: The Vice-President: With regard to item 5 on the Agenda. With a view to still further extending the usefulness of our Institute, and having in mind the probable electrification of portion of the railways of this country, your Council has decided to inaugurate a discussion under this heading. This discussion is to be opened tonight by Professor Buchanan, and Messrs. Clayden and Kirkland. |
17,683 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Fidelity Simulation Modeling for Discrete Event Simulation: An Optimization Perspective, and key words: Computational modeling, Solid modeling, Optimization, Brain modeling, Discrete event simulation, Distortion, Resource management. Abstract: Multi-fidelity simulation is an effective approach to balancing speed and accuracy in expensive simulation, and its performance is affected by the quality of multi-fidelity simulation models. Building high-quality simulation models is non-trivial, especially for complex systems, because current manual modeling methods require sufficient domain knowledge and experience, increasing the labor and time costs. Motivated by the issues, this paper focuses on one of the most crucial simulation types, discrete event simulation, and develops a computer-aid multi-fidelity simulation modeling method called Optimization-based Multi-fidelity Simulation Modeling (OMFSM). OMFSM formulates multi-fidelity simulation modeling as a bi-objective simulation optimization problem to optimize speed and accuracy. An efficient optimization algorithm called Multi-objective Simulation Optimization based on Hypervolume (MOSO-HV) is tailored to select a set of high-quality models. Experimental results in a digital twin emergency department demonstrate that the computer-aid modeling method builds more and better multi-fidelity simulation models than manual modeling and reveal the effectiveness of MOSO-HV for OMFSM. The utility of OMFSM in multi-fidelity simulation is also justified by a real-world optimization problem. Note to Practitioners—Multi-fidelity simulation is an essential technique to fulfill the demand for accuracy analysis and quick decision-making in Industrial 4.0, such as digital twins and virtual reality. The quality of multi-fidelity simulation models significantly influences the performance of multi-fidelity simulation. Developers currently build multi-fidelity simulation models manually, and their experience determines the model’s quality. To reduce the labor and time costs in constructing high-quality multi-fidelity simulation models, we propose a computer-aid method named OMFSM from optimization for the first time. Experiments on a real case prove that OMFSM lightens the burden of manual modeling and provides more and better models for multi-fidelity simulation. |
17,684 | Please write an abstract with title: Determination of Critical Edges in Air Route Network Using Modified Weighted Sum Method and Grey Relational Analysis, and key words: Complex networks, Robustness, Computational modeling, Airports, Topology, Social networking (online), Resilience. Abstract: The air transportation system has attracted due attention from researchers due to its fast expansion over the last decade. Past research has focused on air transportation networks (ATN), but this work considers the resilience of the air route network. This research work proposes a modified approach based on GRA-WSM, named MA (Modified Approach based on GRA-WSM) for the identification of critical edges that form the backbone of the Chinese air route network. MA is a two-step process: Initially, important nodes are identified using the proposed GRA-WSM, and second, a novel approach is used for the computation of critical edges. Previously, researchers have used edge betweenness centrality measure to identify vital edges. But it took into account the global information of a node. This research work considers different centrality measures as the multi-attribute of the network, to take advantage of each centrality measure. The proposed MA approach aims to minimize the robustness of the network after the removal of some edges and the result is the set of critical edges. The critical edges found by the proposed MA approach are different from the edges that are topologically more important. These findings provide new perspectives on how to better understand other real-world networks. |
17,685 | Please write an abstract with title: Multiple Systems Integration with Solar DC Micro-Off-Grid by using Energy-Efficient 3-phase VFD Inverter for Small Agro-Industrial Applications, and key words: Maximum power point trackers, Induction motors, System integration, Inverters, Water pumps, Arrays, Water resources. Abstract: This paper presents multiple systems integration schemes with the solar micro-off-grid by using 3-phase variable frequency drive (VFD) inverters. The integrated system (IS) combines two crystalline photovoltaic (PV) arrays of 4.2kWp and 2.8kWp respectively. Considering small industrial applications, three distributed induction motor (IM) loads were installed i.e., two 3HP / 2.2kW pumps and a 2HP/ 1.5kW motor. To minimize the power loss, an HV DC transmission line of 350V was considered. The 3-φ IM controllers ensure perturb and observation (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) operation to harness maximum power from the PV array. The 7kWp parallel system maintains an efficiency of over 90% from the PV array and the IGBT module based MPPT inverters keep running with an efficiency of 93%. The performance of the system is analyzed and verified using experimental data. |
17,686 | Please write an abstract with title: pSafety: Privacy-Preserving Safety Monitoring in Online Ride Hailing Services, and key words: Trajectory, Safety, Monitoring, Vehicles, Privacy, Global Positioning System, Cryptography. Abstract: Online Ride Hailing (ORH) services gain remarkable development in the past decade, which enable riders and drivers to establish optimized rides via mobile device. To guarantee user safety, ORH service providers often monitor the ride trajectory and report the abnormal behavior once a trajectory deviation occurs. Along with the advantage of safety monitoring raises some vital privacy concerns on user location information leakage. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving safety monitoring scheme for ORH services, called pSafety. It enables an ORH service provider to detect user’s trajectory deviation without learning anything about users’ locations. In pSafety, we propose two secure trajectory similarity computation algorithms by using somewhat homomorphic encryption, which are used to plan an agreed path and measure trajectory deviation, respectively. Furthermore, we also design a ciphertext compression algorithm and a secure comparison protocol to improve efficiency. Theoretical analysis and experimental evaluations show that pSafety is secure, accurate and efficient. |
17,687 | Please write an abstract with title: Neural Calibration for Scalable Beamforming in FDD Massive MIMO with Implicit Channel Estimation, and key words: Deep learning, Array signal processing, Spectral efficiency, Scalability, Simulation, Neural networks, Channel estimation. Abstract: Channel estimation and beamforming play critical roles in frequency-division duplexing (FDD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. However, these two modules have been treated as two stand-alone components, which makes it difficult to achieve a global system optimality. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based approach that directly optimizes the beamformers at the base station according to the received uplink pilots, thereby, bypassing the explicit channel estimation. Different from the existing fully data-driven approach where all the modules are replaced by deep neural networks (DNNs), a neural calibration method is proposed to improve the scalability of the end-to-end design. In particular, the backbone of conventional time-efficient algorithms, i.e., the least-squares (LS) channel estimator and the zero-forcing (ZF) beamformer, is preserved and DNNs are leveraged to calibrate their inputs for better performance. The permutation equivariance property of the formulated resource allocation problem is then identified to design a low-complexity neural network architecture. Simulation results will show the superiority of the proposed neural calibration method over benchmark schemes in terms of both the spectral efficiency and scalability in large-scale wireless networks. |
17,688 | Please write an abstract with title: Fiber-Optical Transmission Between 0.8 and 1.4 /spl mu/m, and key words: Optical attenuators, Optical fibers, Optical fiber communication, Detectors, Fiber lasers, Optical signal processing, Attenuation, Laser modes, Optical devices, Optical waveguides. Abstract: The present state of the art and expected development in discrete components for Fiber-optic transmission systems are reviewed. Predicted performance of fiber systems in the 0.85, 1.06, and 1.27 /spl mu/m regions is presented, and the advantages of longer wavelength operation quantified. Itisconcluded that operation near 1.27 /spl mu/m is particularly attractive for a) moderate data rate systems employing LED's and multimode fibers whose chromatic dispersion and attenuation are greatly reduced compared with 0.85 and 1.06 /spl mu/m, and b) high data rate systems employing lasers and monomode fibers. In systems employing lasers and graded index multimode fibers, the advantage of 1.27/spl mu/m versus 1.06 /spl mu/m operation is not as pronounced, although transmission distances at both of these longer wavelengths are significantly increased from those at 0.85 /spl mu/m. |
17,689 | Please write an abstract with title: Explorative Probabilistic Planning with Unknown Target Locations, and key words: Automata, Planning, Labeling, Directed graphs, Dynamics, Tools, Task analysis. Abstract: Motion planning in an unknown environment demands synthesis of an optimal control policy that balances between exploration and exploitation. In this paper, we present the environment as a labeled graph where the labels of states are initially unknown, and consider a motion planning objective to fulfill a generalized reach-avoid specification given on these labels in minimum time. By describing the record of visited labels as an automaton, we translate our problem to a Canadian traveler problem on an adapted state space. We propose a strategy that enables the agent to perform its task by exploiting possible a priori knowledge about the labels and the environment and incrementally revealing the environment online. Namely, the agent plans, follows, and replans the optimal path by assigning edge weights that balance between exploration and exploitation, given the current knowledge of the environment. We illustrate our strategy on the setting of an agent operating on a two-dimensional grid environment. |
17,690 | Please write an abstract with title: Measurement of Intrinsic Modulation Bandwidth of Hybrid Modulation Laser, and key words: Semiconductor lasers, Integrated optics, Optical modulation, Bandwidth, Measurement by laser beam, Frequency modulation. Abstract: We demonstrate high-speed operation of a hybrid modulation laser. The intra-cavity loss modulation (ICLM) section, which acts as an external cavity, enables the photon-photon resonance (PPR) effect to be introduced to the laser. We confirm that the modulation bandwidth of the hybrid modulation laser was able to be broadened to more than 66 GHz. |
17,691 | Please write an abstract with title: On the applicability of the traditional perturbation method in the theory of an O-type longtime interaction resonance oscillator, and key words: Perturbation methods, Resonance, Oscillators, Equations, Organizing, IEEE catalog, Electron beams, Motion analysis, Energy exchange, Steady-state. Abstract: The paper points to the fact that the well-known approximate analytical theory of electron motion in the field of a retarded high-frequency wave is based on the assumption that the parameter of motion nonlinearity is small and appears to have an applicability which is insufficient to describe the electron beam dynamics in the mode of the most efficient energy interchange with the wave. Since the problem of electron motion in the wave field is a component part of the theory of the O-type oscillator with a long-time interaction, fundamental difficulties occur in the analytical description of the oscillator dynamics. It also poses a problem if such a theory is applicable for the description of the oscillator in the mode of a high-efficiency energy exchange between the electron beam and the wave. The present work considers the above issue and leads to a conclusion that such a theory is applicable, however, it does not cover high-efficiency modes. |
17,692 | Please write an abstract with title: Data Driven Service Orchestration for Vehicular Networks, and key words: Servers, 5G mobile communication, Edge computing, Quality of service, Trajectory, Prediction algorithms, Approximation algorithms. Abstract: As technology progresses, cars can not only be considered as a transportation medium but also as an intelligent part of the cellular network that generates highly valuable data and offers both entertainment and security services to the passengers. Therefore, forthcoming 5G networks are said to enhance Ultra-Reliable Ultra-Low-Latency that will allow for a new breed of services that will disrupt the industry as we know it today. In this work, we devise a unique fusion of Deep Learning based mobility prediction and Genetic Algorithm assisted service orchestration to retain the average service latency minimal by offering personalized service migration, while tightly packing as many services as possible in the edge of the network, for maximizing resource utilization. Through an extensive simulation based on real data, we evaluate the proposed mobility orchestration combination and we find gains in low latency in all examined scenarios. |
17,693 | Please write an abstract with title: Creative Workspaces of a Modern University in Terms of Student-centered Teaching, and key words: Training, Electric potential, Conferences, Companies, Market research, Teamwork, Advertising. Abstract: The ways of creating resource workspaces of a modern university in the aspect of student-centered teaching are researched, since they contribute to the realization of the intellectual and creative potential of students. The positive experience of Ukrainian universities is analyzed with the aim of implementation of successful samples into the practice of Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University. Special attention is paid to coworking centers as locations for effective teamwork and comfortable rest. Their potential for the formation of the necessary competencies, social work skills and civic activities is studied. The possibility of creating a TechnoMuseum on the basis of the university is also being considered. This will allow not only to optimize the training of students of technical specialties, but also to create an attractive place for excursions, primarily for students of schools and vocational schools. An additional positive effect of the emergence of a coworking center and a TechnoMuseum is the ability to attract financial resources from outside. |
17,694 | Please write an abstract with title: Traffic Signal Control Using End-to-End Off-Policy Deep Reinforcement Learning, and key words: Roads, Vehicle dynamics, Real-time systems, Sensors, Neural networks, Deep learning, Control systems. Abstract: An efficient transportation system can substantially benefit our society, but road intersections have always been among the major traffic bottlenecks leading to traffic congestion. Appropriate traffic signal timing adapted to real-time traffic may help mitigate such traffic congestion. However, most existing traffic signal control methods require a huge amount of road information, such as vehicle positions. In this paper, we focus on a particular road intersection and aim to minimize the average waiting time. We propose a traffic signal control (TSC) system based on an end-to-end off-policy deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) agent with background removal residual networks. The agent takes real-time images at the road intersection as input. Upon sufficient training, the agent can perform (near-) optimal traffic signaling based on real-time traffic conditions. We conduct experiments on different intersection scenarios and compare various TSC methods. The experimental results show that our end-to-end deep RL approach can adapt to the dynamic traffic based on the traffic images and outperforms other TSC methods. |
17,695 | Please write an abstract with title: Thin rod Yb:YAG regenerative amplifier for high average power and high repetition rate pulse generation, and key words: High power amplifiers, Pulse amplifiers, Pulse generation, Optical amplifiers, Power amplifiers, Power generation, Optical pulses, Solid lasers, Power lasers, Optical pumping. Abstract: A diode-pumped thin rod Yb:YAG regenerative amplifier has been developed. Average output power of 30 W was obtained at pulse repetition rate of 30 kHz. |
17,696 | Please write an abstract with title: A Comparative Study of Single-Phase AC and Medium Frequency DC Resistance Spot Welding Using Finite Element Modeling, and key words: Welding, Periodic structures, Finite element analysis, Iron, Standards, Electrodes, Mathematical model. Abstract: This work deeply explored differences between single-phase AC resistance spot welding (RSW) and three phase medium frequency DC RSW systems. The main difference between the two types of RSW systems was that they used different electrical structures, which led to different energy delivery modes. The RSW operation with former type had a simple but low cost structure, while the latter type had opposite features in these two aspects. In this work, a two-dimensional (2D) finite element (FE) model, which combined characteristics of thermal, electrical, and mechanical fields, was established, and then three modes of input welding currents, which were DC input mode, standard sinusoidal input mode and standard single-phase AC RSW input mode, were delivered into the welding system in the FE model. The three modes of welding currents had strictly the same effective values, and effected the same welding time. By means of iterative calculations between thermal-electrical and mechanical fields, the information of temperature increasing trend, dynamic resistance and electrode displacement under the three input modes were obtained. Some important characteristics about the energy delivery and absorptions, and mechanical properties variations under different welding current input modes which cannot be accurately obtained by actual welding operations had been obtained in this work. Also, other analyses about actual data processing and applications, and mechanical variations of the facilities during the welding process were provided. The work can supple valuable references for actual welding applications. |
17,697 | Please write an abstract with title: Extremely thin, single-crystal films of LiNbO/sub 3/ fabricated using localized He+ ion-implantation, and key words: Helium, Biomembranes, Optical films, Etching, Optical materials, Ferroelectric materials, Optical devices, Crystalline materials, Resists, Chemicals. Abstract: We demonstrate that extremely thin, i.e., /spl sim/2-3/spl mu/m, single-crystal films of LiNbO/sub 3/ can be formed on a wafer using patterned ion-implantation followed by chemical etching. Control of the membrane thickness and its waveguiding properties are demonstrated. |
17,698 | Please write an abstract with title: New Optimization Criteria for Message-Switching Networks, and key words: Delay, Telecommunication traffic, Costs, Communications technology, Constraint optimization, Communication networks, Communication switching, Routing, Steady-state, Telegraphy. Abstract: This paper presents a new class of criteria for the optimum Capacity assignment in store-and-forward communication networks under a total fixed-cost constraint. Compared with conventional average-delay optimization these criteria are more sensitive to the needs of the individual user. Closed-form results are attained. |
17,699 | Please write an abstract with title: Calibrated Domain-Invariant Learning for Highly Generalizable Large Scale Re-Identification, and key words: Cameras, Training, Benchmark testing, Feature extraction, Urban areas, Histograms, Adaptation models. Abstract: Many real-world applications, such as city scale traffic monitoring and control, requires large scale re-identification. However, previous ReID methods often failed to address two limitations in existing ReID benchmarks, i.e., low spatiotem-poral coverage and sample imbalance. Notwithstanding their demonstrated success in every single benchmark, they have difficulties in generalizing to unseen environments. As a result, these methods are less applicable in a large scale setting due to poor generalization. In seek for a highly generalizable large-scale ReID method, we present an adversarial domain-invariant feature learning framework (ADIN) that explicitly learns to separate identity-related features from challenging variations, where for the first time "free" annotations in ReID data such as video timestamp and camera index are utilized. Furthermore, we find that the imbalance of nuisance classes jeopardizes the adversarial training, and for mitigation we propose a calibrated adversarial loss that is attentive to nuisance distribution. Experiments on existing large-scale person/vehicle ReID datasets demonstrate that ADIN learns more robust and generalizable representations, as evidenced by its outstanding direct transfer performance across datasets, which is a criterion that can better measure the generalizability of large scale Re-ID methods. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.