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Please write an abstract with title: Micro processing by intense fast electron beam, and key words: Electron beams, Drilling, Glow discharges, Voltage, Electrodes, Optical pulse generation, Character generation, Magnetic materials, Pulse generation, Copper. Abstract: Generation of intense electron beams by superposing two discharges, namely a low pressure DC glow discharge and a high current pulsed discharge at pressures and voltages very similar to that of the pseudo-spark gap devices, has been reported previously. The small diameter, high peak current and short pulse length are the characteristics of the electron beam generated using this technique. In this technique, no high vacuum facilities are necessary, and many applications such as micro processing, X-rays generation, preionization for high-power lasers are feasible. The electron beam current is in the range of 10-30 A. A full characterization of the electron beam that is utilized in this work has been given in a previous work. In this work it is reported that the most energetic part of the electron beam is about 5-nanosecond pulse duration. The beam is magnetically deflected to the specific point.
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4,801
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Please write an abstract with title: On the use of rewriting logic for verification of distributed software architecture description based LfP, and key words: Logic, Software architecture, Object oriented modeling, Computer architecture, Unified modeling language, Concurrent computing, Prototypes, Software prototyping, Architecture description languages, Software design. Abstract: Software architecture description languages (ADLs) allow software designers to focus on high level aspects of an application by abstracting from the details of the components that compose architecture. It is precisely this abstraction that makes ADLs suitable for verification using model checking techniques. ADLs are, in a way, domain-specific languages for aspects such as coordination and distribution. LfP (language for prototyping) is a formal approach for distributed software architectures that is based on RM-ODP and that can be linked to an UML methodology. We propose in this paper a rewriting of the LfP semantics, specified in rewriting logic which is well suited for axiomatization of concurrent languages. Using the Maude system, a high-performance interpreter based on rewriting logic, we illustrate through an example how this rewriting semantics can be exploited for verification aspects related to distributed object interactions.
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4,802
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Please write an abstract with title: A survey of facial expression recognition based on deep learning, and key words: Deep learning, Training, Image recognition, Databases, Face recognition, Neural networks, Training data. Abstract: Facial expression recognition is the key research direction in many fields such as machine vision, pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. lt has become a research hotspot of many scholars and experts. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of deep expression recognition from image preprocessing, common expression recognition networks, and common expression databases. Then we review the current design and training strategies of deep neural networks based on static images and dynamic images, and discuss their advantages and limitations. Finally, the future challenges and corresponding opportunities in the field are analyzed, as well as the future direction of deep learning expression recognition systems.
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4,803
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Please write an abstract with title: Satellite Image Fusion using FDCT for Land Cover Classification, and key words: Earth, Satellites, Artificial satellites, Stereo image processing, Transforms, Entropy, Spatial resolution. Abstract: Remote sensing is a fast developing field of science involving repetitive collection of data from earth observing satellites. However each satellite system has one or more limitations, giving rise to the need of data collection from multiple sources and their fusion. Landsat 8 collects images in a broad spectrum but at a coarser spatial resolution of 30m. Cartosat-1 collects images at a high spatial resolution of 2.5m but lacks color details. Good visually interpretable images are indispensable for land cover classification. In this paper, the Landsat 8 and Cartosat-1 images are fused by using the Fast Discrete Curvelet Transform (FDCT) method. Supervised classification using the Random Forest (RF) classifier is performed on the Landsat 8 multispectral image and the fused image. The results showed high quality of image fusion based on the entropy, RMSE and CC values obtained for the given dataset. The fusion process also improved the overall accuracy of the land cover classification.
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4,804
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Please write an abstract with title: A comparative study of two meta-heuristic algorithms for MRI and CT images registration, and key words: Image registration, Computed tomography, Simulation, Magnetic resonance imaging, Particle swarm optimization, Task analysis, Mutual information. Abstract: Modern meta-heuristics algorithms have achieved great success on medical image registration task. Due to the difference in performance of these algorithms, we present a comparative study of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) for registration of a section of the human brain. The human brain recognition use using the two methods Magnetic Resonance (MR) and Computed Tomography (CT). The simulation results show that the grey wolf optimizer algorithm approaches achieve a robust registration and high precision compared to that of particle swarm optimization.
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4,805
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Please write an abstract with title: Foundations of convergence in IP packet networks, and key words: Convergence, Intelligent networks, IP networks, Internet telephony, Throughput, Routing, Teleconferencing, Computer crime, Logic, Transport protocols. Abstract: Business imperatives argue for a single IP-based network infrastructure for the transport of enterprise and consumer networking applications. The converged infrastructure must reliably provide ideal, deterministic performance and assured delivery for all networked applications, even during throughput DoS attacks. The paper argues that conventional IP routing architectures are fundamentally incapable of supporting convergence because of intrinsic performance, efficiency, and security issues. A simple change in packet forwarding logic is all that is needed to resolve these issues. This change does not require any collateral changes to IP, to layer 2 protocols, or to transport-layer protocols such as UDP and TCP. Implementations in the form of packet sequencing technology enable multiple networked applications with different service quality needs to coexist peacefully and efficiently on a common infrastructure, while enjoying deterministic performance guarantees and immunity from throughput DoS attacks that congest network links.
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4,806
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Please write an abstract with title: Parallel decoding of turbo product codes for high data rate communication, and key words: Product codes, Iterative decoding, Throughput, Clocks, Iterative algorithms, Bit error rate, Field programmable gate arrays, Hardware, Data engineering, Linear code. Abstract: This paper presents a parallel decoding algorithm of turbo product codes (TPC) to enable simultaneous decoding of P (> 2) linear code vectors of a product code, therefore the decoding throughput is increased by P times without performance degradation. The implementation of an 8-parallel-processing decoder for TPC (64,57,4)/sup 2/ with FPGA has achieved the decoding throughput of 40 Mbit/s with 4 iterative decoding at 72 MHz clock.
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4,807
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Please write an abstract with title: Data-Driven Correlation of Cyber and Physical Anomalies for Holistic System Health Monitoring, and key words: Monitoring, Anomaly detection, Measurement, Machine learning algorithms, Switches, Real-time systems, Machine learning. Abstract: Concerns of cyber-security threats are increasingly becoming a part of everyday operations of cyber-physical systems, especially in the context of critical infrastructures. However, despite the tight integration of cyber and physical components in modern critical infrastructures, the monitoring of cyber and physical subsystems is still done separately. For successful health monitoring of such systems, a holistic approach is needed. This paper presents an approach for holistic health monitoring of cyber-physical systems based on cyber and physical anomaly detection and correlation. We provide a data-driven approach for the detection of cyber and physical anomalies based on machine learning. The benefits of the presented approach are: 1) integrated architecture that supports the acquisition and real-time analysis of both cyber and physical data; 2) a metric for holistic health monitoring that allows for differentiation between physical faults, cyber intrusion, and cyber-physical attacks. We present experimental analysis on a power-grid use case using the IEEE-33 bus model. The system was tested on several types of attacks such as network scan, Denial of Service (DOS), and malicious command injections.
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4,808
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Please write an abstract with title: Digital Learning Materials of Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency Based on Conceptual Understanding, and key words: Solar energy, Renewable energy sources, Photovoltaic cells, Electronic learning, Streaming media, Media, Electrical engineering. Abstract: This research present design, product, and verification of digital learning materials of solar energy conversion efficiency. The solar energy conversion lecture in higher education institution demand the learning materials that can be accessed easily, systematic, comprehensive and interesting. In addition, the conceptual explanation is required to build the deep understanding of the lecture to the students, therefore students can easily develop the future research on solar energy conversion especially on efficiency. In this research we develop digital modules of solar energy conversion efficiency with conceptual understanding approach and substitute it on E-Learning system. We also verify the product and reach the total validity of 89,58% which indicates that the product is feasible to use without revision.
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4,809
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Please write an abstract with title: Sea of Leads (SoL) ultrahigh density wafer-level chip input/output interconnections for gigascale integration (GSI), and key words: Integrated circuit interconnections, Plastic films, Ultra-large-scale integration, Microelectromechanical devices, Microassembly. Abstract: Sea of Leads (SoL) is an ultrahigh density (>10/sup 4//cm/sup 2/) compliant chip input/output (I/O) interconnection technology. SoL is fabricated at the wafer level to extend the economic benefits of semiconductor front-end and back-end wafer-level batch fabrication to include chip I/O interconnections, packaging, and wafer-level testing and burn-in. This paper discusses the fabrication, the mechanical and electrical performance, and the benefits of SoL. SoL can lead to enhancements in reliability, electrical performance, manufacturing throughput, and cost. A chip with 12 /spl times/ 10/sup 3//cm/sup 2/ compliant I/O leads is demonstrated. The mechanically compliant I/O leads are designed to enable wafer-level testing and eliminate the need for underfill between chips and printed wiring boards by mitigating thermo-mechanical expansion mismatches between the two. The fabrication of partially nonadherent, or slippery, leads is desirable as it allows the leads to freely undergo strain during thermal cycling. Compared to adherent metal leads, preliminary results show that slippery leads enhance the overall in-plane compliance. Microindentation experiments show that a polymer film with embedded air gaps provides substantially higher compliance than a polymer film without embedded air gaps.
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4,810
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Please write an abstract with title: Towards Factorized SVM with Gaussian Kernels over Normalized Data, and key words: Support vector machines, Kernel, Databases, Motion pictures, Optimization, Training, Machine learning. Abstract: There is an emerging trend of integrating machine learning (ML) techniques into database systems (DB). Considering that almost all the ML toolkits assume that the input of ML algorithms is a single table even though many real-world datasets are stored as multiple tables due to normalization in DB. Thus, data scientists have to perform joins before learning a ML model. This strategy is called learning after joins, which incurs redundancy avoided by normalization. In the area of ML, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) is one of the most standard classification tools. In this paper, we focus on the factorized SVM with gaussian kernels over normalized data. We present factorized learning approaches for two main SVM optimization methods, i.e., Gradient Descent (GD) and Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO), by factorizing gaussian kernel function computation. Furthermore, we transform the normalized data into matrices, and boost the efficiency of SVM learning via linear algebra operations. Extensive experiments with nine real normalized data sets demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of our proposed approaches.
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4,811
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Please write an abstract with title: Novel Convex Polyhedron Classifier for Sentiment Analysis, and key words: Cloud computing, Sentiment analysis, Text categorization, Support vector machine classification, Feature extraction, Classification algorithms, Optimization. Abstract: In this paper, we propose a Novel Convex Polyhedron classifier (NCPC) based on the geometric concept convex hull. NCPC is basically a linear piecewise classifier (LPC). It partitions linearly non-separable data into various linearly separable subsets. For each of these subset of data, a linear hyperplane is used to classify them. We evaluate the performance of this classifier by combining it with two feature selection methods (Chi- squared and Anova F-value). Using two datasets, the results indicate that our proposed classifier outperforms other LPC- based classifiers.
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4,812
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Please write an abstract with title: Fastest linearly independent transforms over GF(2) and their properties, and key words: Logic testing, Circuit testing, Logic design, Galois fields, Logic circuits, Logic arrays, Polynomials, Hardware, Field programmable gate arrays, Programmable logic arrays. Abstract: New classes of linearly independent (LI) transforms that possess fast forward and inverse butterfly diagrams and their corresponding polynomial expansions over Galois Field (2) [GF(2)] are introduced in this paper. The transforms have the smallest computational complexity among all known LI transforms and therefore can be calculated in shorter time when the computation is done by software. Alternatively, the transforms can also be calculated easily and efficiently using hardware. Here, the recursive definitions and fast transform calculations of four basic fastest LI transforms are first given. The definitions are then extended to generate a larger family of LI transforms with the same computational cost through reordering and permutation. Various properties of the transforms and relations between them are presented followed by their hardware implementations as well as experimental results for some binary benchmark functions.
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4,813
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Please write an abstract with title: Sliding mode boundary control of linear parabolic distributed parameter systems with space-dependent parameters, and key words: Asymptotic stability, Upper bound, Automation, Control systems, Numerical simulation, Trajectory, Distributed parameter systems. Abstract: This paper studies the sliding mode boundary control of parabolic distributed parameter systems with space-dependent parameters. A sliding surface is selected to guarantee that the system is asymptotically stable. The Lyapunov method is used to design a sliding mode boundary controller to guarantee that the trajectories of the system subject to disturbances reach the sliding surface within the prescribed time. Some numerical simulations are finally provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
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4,814
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Please write an abstract with title: Estimation of Phonon Mean Free Path in Small-Scaled Si Wire by Monte Carlo Simulation, and key words: Monte Carlo methods, Wires, Phonons, Conductivity, Thermal conductivity, Surface roughness, Silicon. Abstract: A phonon transport in Si wire structures were simulated based on a Monte Carlo method to clarify the influence of the wire geometry and the surface roughness on thermal conductivity and the phonon-drag component of Seebeck coefficient. The mean free path (MFP) spectrum was estimated by tracing the simulated phonons. The MFPs of 1 THz phonons which mainly contribute to Seebeck coefficient become shorter with a decrease of the wire width for rough surfaces. This agrees with experimental observation of Seebeck coefficient. The MFPs of 3 THz phonons which mainly contribute to thermal conductivity were influenced even by small-roughness surfaces.
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4,815
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Please write an abstract with title: Automated Railway Track Changing Model with Real-Time Centralized Monitoring Interface, and key words: computer interface, infrared sensor, railway junction, railway safety, remote monitoring, switching system. Abstract: The aim of this study is to make an automated exchangeable railway track at junction crossing and centralized monitoring system to detect the exact position of the train for safety surveillance as well as efficient railway scheduling and changeable railway routes. In this study, the proposed model is based on Arduino microcontroller to reduce complexity and execution cost. Infrared sensors have been employed to track down the position of the moving train. DC motor along with manually-made linear actuator has been used to control the switch gate movement. Total system can be monitored and visualized by a software that shows train position. There is also a scope for statistical data collection and implementation. This system can work both automatically and manually from the control room. This model works for multi-junction railway tracks and one or more train moving along the track simultaneously.
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4,816
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Please write an abstract with title: Research on Capture Algorithm of BeiDou-3 B1C Signal Based on FPGA, and key words: Analytical models, Satellite broadcasting, Signal processing algorithms, Modulation, Receivers, Satellite navigation systems, Data models. Abstract: With the continuous improvement and development of China’s navigation system, BeiDou Navigation has gradually provided services to the world, from the first BeiDou-1 system to the second system and now to the BeiDou-3 system. The BeiDou-3 system broadcasts several satellite signals with different modulation methods, among which the B1C signal was broadcasted on the BeiDou-3 system as a brand new signal for better compatibility with other navigation systems. The capture technology is very important in the baseband signal processing, and whether the satellite can be captured quickly and effectively directly affects the subsequent signal processing process and thus directly relates to the receiver performance.
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4,817
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Please write an abstract with title: Frequency dependence on bias current in 5 GHz CMOS VCOs: impact on tuning range and flicker noise upconversion, and key words: Frequency dependence, Voltage-controlled oscillators, Tuning, 1f noise, Varactors, Phase noise, Phase locked loops, Semiconductor device modeling, Circuit optimization, CMOS technology. Abstract: The tuning curve of an LC-tuned voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) substantially deviates from the ideal curve 1//spl radic/(LC(V)) when a varactor with an abrupt C(V) characteristic is adopted and the full oscillator swing is applied directly across the varactor. The tuning curve becomes strongly dependent on the oscillator bias current. As a result, the practical tuning range is reduced and the upconverted flicker noise of the bias current dominates the 1/f/sup 3/ close-in phase noise, even if the waveform symmetry has been assured. A first-order estimation of the tuning curve for MOS-varactor-tuned VCOs is provided. Based on this result, a simplified phase-noise model for double cross-coupled VCOs is derived. This model can be easily adapted to cover other LC-tuned oscillator topologies. The theoretical analyses are experimentally validated with a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS fully integrated VCO for 5 GHz wireless LAN receivers. By eliminating the bias current generator in a second oscillator, the close-in phase noise improves by 10 dB and features -70 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset. The 1/f/sup 2/ noise is -132 dBc/Hz at 3 MHz offset. The tuning range spans from 4.6 to 5.7 GHz (21%) and the current consumption is 2.9 mA.
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4,818
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Please write an abstract with title: Modeling of an islanding protection method for a hybrid renewable distributed generator, and key words: Hybrid power systems, Power system protection, Mathematical model, Power system modeling, Photovoltaic systems, Voltage, Frequency, Distributed power generation, Wind energy generation, Hydrogen. Abstract: The Hydrogen Research Institute developed a hybrid renewable energy power system that uses a wind turbine, a photovoltaic array and a fuel cell. In order to connect this system to the grid, an islanding protection device is being developed. This paper presents the passive (U/O Voltage, U/O Frequency) and active (Sandia frequency shift and Sandia voltage shift) protection methods that were chosen to be added to the system. It also presents a Matlab/Simulink model of the protection device and the simulation results that were obtained using different critical operating conditions for which the clearing times can surpass those defined by the IEEE 1547 standard. Passive and active detection methods are combined in order to improve the efficiency of the islanding protection.
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4,819
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Please write an abstract with title: Application of ICT and BIM in the implementation of Building Byelaws, and key words: Buildings, Object oriented modeling, Computer languages, Software, Regulation, Mobile applications, Data models. Abstract: Using ICT and BIM to analyze the building byelaws would require using different tools. For this purpose, we used the flutter framework for developing the app that will serve such purpose. The prerequisites for this was Cobie’s spreadsheet that would have the data extracted from the building drawn in Autodesk Revit (BIM). The Programming language used here is Dart, which is an object-oriented language and it runs on flutter framework. The code was written in Dart Programming language which is an object-oriented language and stacks the whole code in the form of widgets. For this purpose, we created a number of widgets that would be needed for the running of our application which involved a File Picker Code which would be required to pick the file that would be needed for analysis and then we needed an analysis logic code that will run logic on the code and is related to the main mechanism of the code. A case study was conducted upon an under construction commercial building situated on Ring Road in Peshawar KPK has been discussed. A model was drawn using Autodesk Revit and every asset detail of the building was added into the BIM software. The model file was then extracted as an excel worksheet using the Cobie spreadsheet plugin. The file then uploaded into the app analyzed the spreadsheet against the Building Byelaws and was able to find any violation.
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4,820
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Please write an abstract with title: Fault and intrusion tolerance in wireless ad hoc networks, and key words: Intelligent networks, Ad hoc networks, Communication system security, Routing, Mobile ad hoc networks, Communication networks, Electronic mail, Access control, Quality of service, Protection. Abstract: Current algorithms for distributed applications, such as the wireless GRID, for wireless ad hoc networks (WAHN) contain a few mechanisms for providing robust/tolerant network operation in the face of security attacks launched on the network by intruders. One approach to address thus issue is to design these applications for WAHNs in a way that they can handle intruder-induced malicious faults. However, this presents several drawbacks, including the considerable investment that it can induce. We present a new approach for building intrusion tolerant WAHN. The approach relies on extending the capabilities of existing applications to handle intruders without modifying their structure. We describe a new network mechanism for resource allocation using capabilities for detecting and recovering from intruder induced malicious faults. We also present a wireless router component that allows these mechanisms to be added to existing wireless nodes.
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4,821
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Please write an abstract with title: Magnetic Resonance Elastography in the breast: initial reconstructions of damping coefficient, and key words: Magnetic resonance, Breast, Damping, Image reconstruction, Magnetic resonance imaging, Mechanical factors, Viscosity, Elasticity, Imaging phantoms, In vivo. Abstract: Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is an exciting imaging technique with application to clinical settings where quantitative maps of tissue mechanical properties may be diagnostic. This certainly includes breast imaging where hardness has been associated with malignancy. We have been developing time-harmonic MRE methods for the breast in anticipation of evaluating the approach in a controlled series of clinical exams. In this paper, we present initial experience with a 3-parameter image reconstruction technique which is based on a damped Maxwellian model approximation to tissue viscoelasticity. The algorithm estimates shear modulus and Poisson ratio along with a damping coefficient. Preliminary results in phantoms and in vivo in the breast show that the damping coefficient images recovered are likely to augment the diagnostic power of the technique for discriminating breast tissue characteristics.
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4,822
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Please write an abstract with title: Rate-1/2 trellis coding for Q2PSK operating on the rician fading channel, and key words: Phase shift keying, Ions, Decoding, Receivers, Rats, Fading channels, Rician channels. Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of trellis coding on multi-dimensional signal space for the newly developed Four-Dimensional Quadrature-Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (Q2PSK) modulation strategy. Two low-complexity convolutional coding schemes are proposed, the first being a true half rate convolutional coder for Q2PSK and the second, a hybrid half rate convolutional-block coder to be utilised in a (Constant Envelope (CE)Q2PSK system configuration. The encoding and decoding configurations of both the systems are structured in such a way that they can easily be realised by standard components available in the communications industry. The bit error rate performance of the proposed coding schemes, assuming coherent detection, perfect carrier and time synchronisation on the non-frequency selective Rician fading channel, are studied by means of simulation. Furthermore, the benefits of the use of channel state information in conjunction with maximum-likelihood Viterbi decoding are also considered.
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4,823
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Please write an abstract with title: Vehicle Adaptive Cruise Controller Based on an Optimal Super-twisting Sliding Mode Control, and key words: Heuristic algorithms, Roads, Perturbation methods, Velocity control, Robustness, Vehicle dynamics, Sliding mode control. Abstract: This paper provides a new optimal adaptive cruise controller (ACC) for regulating the distance inter-vehicles. The proposed approach is based on a super-twisting sliding mode control. The Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (BOA) was applied to identify the controller optimal parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is examined through a speed scenario frequently encountered on the roads. The suggested control structure offers a high tracking accuracy.
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4,824
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Please write an abstract with title: A ray-tracing approach for indoor/outdoor propagation through window structures, and key words: Ray tracing, Windows, Finite difference methods, Time domain analysis, Diffraction, Buildings, Wireless communication, Wireless LAN, Local area networks, Spine. Abstract: A ray-tracing approach for indoor/outdoor propagation through windows is proposed. Using both the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and a ray-tracing algorithm, several cases of indoor/outdoor propagation through windows were investigated. It is shown that wave transmission through windows cannot generally be accounted for through a single transmission coefficient parameter. Instead, a full diffraction pattern needs to be accounted for and multiple-ray representation is therefore required. It is also shown that a single window model may be used to calculate transmission through set of windows in a typical building structure as a building block. Results from the implementation of a multiple-ray representation and FDTD simulations showed good agreement. Results were validated for both normal and oblique incident cases. The developed ray-tracing approach, therefore, facilitates the use of the developed window model in available ray-tracing algorithms often used for propagation characterization of urban environments. Simulation results were further validated by conducting measurements on scaled models at 30 GHz. The experimental results agreed well with the simulation data, thus validating the accuracy of the developed ray-tracing model for transmission through windows.
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4,825
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Please write an abstract with title: On (fuzzy) closure systems in complete fuzzy lattices, and key words: Algebra, Conferences, Lattices, Fuzzy systems. Abstract: Two alternative definitions of closure system in complete fuzzy lattices are introduced, first as a crisp set and then as a fuzzy one. It is valuated in a complete Heyting algebra and follows the classical definition on complete lattices. The classical bijection between closure systems and fuzzy closure operators is preserved. Then, the notion is compared with the most used definition given by Bělohlávek on the fuzzy powerset lattice.
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4,826
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Please write an abstract with title: SPSA for noisy non-stationary blind source separation, and key words: Blind source separation, Cost function, Sensor arrays, Equations, Stochastic processes, Signal processing, Vectors, Source separation, Management training, Approximation algorithms. Abstract: In this paper a novel application of the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm (SPSA) to the noisy non-stationary blind source separation problem is presented and described. The proposed approach demonstrates the algorithm with a second order cost function suitable for applications to non-stationary data. Some extensions to the algorithm that are currently being investigated are also described in the paper, and the algorithm performance is demonstrated via simulation.
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4,827
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Please write an abstract with title: Detection and imaging of small buried 3D non-metallic objects with multistatic phase-based GPR signatures, and key words: Buried object detection, Phase detection, Ground penetrating radar, Radar detection, Soil measurements, Object detection, Radar scattering, Landmine detection, Testing, L-band. Abstract: In this paper the bistatic and monostatic phase-based ground-penetrating radar (GPR) technique for ingenious detection of poor-contrast scattering objects hidden just beneath the air-ground interface is discussed. This technique neither requires a priori knowledge about the background medium nor needs any pure background measurement. It was developed to deal with one of the worst-case scenarios in terms of landmine detection. The method was tested with the data measured from the L-band and S-band stepped-frequency continuous-wave GPR over the compound soil where small non-metallic mines are shallowly buried. The results demonstrate that it is feasible to detect small buried poor-contrast objects by using coherent phase processing and imaging.
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4,828
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Please write an abstract with title: Caching Placement and Resource Allocation for Cache-Enabling UAV NOMA Networks, and key words: Resource management, NOMA, Cellular networks, Optimization, Approximation algorithms, Heuristic algorithms, Wireless communication. Abstract: This article investigates the cache-enabling unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) cellular networks with massive access capability supported by non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). The delivery of a large volume of multimedia contents for ground users is assisted by a mobile UAV base station, which caches some popular contents for wireless backhaul link traffic offloading. In cache-enabling UAV NOMA networks, the caching placement of content caching phase and radio resource allocation of content delivery phase are crucial for network performance. To cope with the dynamic UAV locations and content requests in practical scenarios, we formulate the long-term caching placement and resource allocation optimization problem for content delivery delay minimization as a Markov decision process (MDP). The UAV acts as an agent to take actions for caching placement and resource allocation, which includes the user scheduling of content requests and the power allocation of NOMA users. In order to tackle the MDP, we propose a Q-learning based caching placement and resource allocation algorithm, where the UAV learns and selects action with soft ${\varepsilon }$-greedy strategy to search for the optimal match between actions and states. Since the action-state table size of Q-learning grows with the number of states in the dynamic networks, we propose a function approximation based algorithm with combination of stochastic gradient descent and deep neural networks, which is suitable for large-scale networks. Finally, the numerical results show that the proposed algorithms provide considerable performance compared to benchmark algorithms, and obtain a trade-off between network performance and calculation complexity.
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4,829
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Please write an abstract with title: System impact of pump phase modulation for fiber optical parametric amplifiers, and key words: Phase modulation, Optical fibers, Stimulated emission, Optical modulation, Optical pumping, Optical fiber amplifiers, Semiconductor optical amplifiers, Optical distortion, Optical amplifiers, Distortion measurement. Abstract: BERs induced by a parametric amplifier with a 10 Gbit/s line rate have been measured. It is shown numerically and experimentally that a PRBS phase modulation of the pump distorts the mark level of the channel and may cause system penalty.
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4,830
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Please write an abstract with title: Utility-based resource allocation for wireless networks with mixed voice and data services, and key words: Resource management, Wireless networks, Multiaccess communication, Pricing, Signal to noise ratio, Quality of service, Base stations, Poles and towers, Interference constraints, Next generation networking. Abstract: Power allocation across users in two adjacent cells is studied for a wireless code division multiple access (CDMA) network with mixed voice and data services. We assume that each user has a utility function that measures the user's satisfaction, or utility, as a function of the received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Each particular service (voice or data) is associated with a different utility function. We consider the forward link. Our objective is to allocate transmitted power to maximize the total utility summed over all active users subject to rate and power constraints. We show that the maximum utility can be achieved with a pricing scheme. We characterize the solution to a one-cell utility maximization problem with fixed interference from the other cell. For two-cell utility maximization, the two cells must cooperate to achieve the maximum utility.
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4,831
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Please write an abstract with title: Improving Maliciousness Estimation of Indicator of Compromise Using Graph Convolutional Networks, and key words: Costs, Standards organizations, Estimation, Organizations, IP networks, Cyberattack. Abstract: Cyber threat intelligence (CTI) sharing is growing in popularity and has become one of the key functions to protect end-users and network services from sophisticated cyber attacks. However, since CTI is not always guaranteed to be correct and trustworthy, security operators spend much time in analyzing CTI and estimating the maliciousness of the indicators of compromise (IoCs) in CTI, such as domain names, URLs, and IP addresses. Previous studies did not estimate such maliciousness sufficiently. They did not approach maliciousness estimation by using both types of IoC characteristics; individual IoC features and relations among IoCs. In this paper, we propose a novel method of estimating the maliciousness of IoCs more accurately through a graph convolutional network (GCN)-based approach, which can use both IoC characteristics. We evaluated the performance of the proposed method by comparing it to conventional methods. The proposed method exhibited an 86.3% accuracy rate and 0.883 recall rate, which are better than those from the conventional methods.
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4,832
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Please write an abstract with title: Design of a High Temperature 2.37 GHz Voltage-Controlled Oscillator With GaN-on-SiC HEMTs, and key words: Voltage-controlled oscillators, Temperature distribution, Temperature measurement, HEMTs, MODFETs, Silicon carbide. Abstract: This paper presents a high temperature voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) for downhole communications. The VCO with the center frequency of 2.37 GHz is prototyped with 0.25μm GaN-on-SiC technology high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) and microstrip transmission lines on Rogers 4003C PCB. The measured operating temperature of the VCO ranges from 25 °C to 225 °C. A minimum tuning range of 66 MHz and less than 20% variation for the output power of 17 dBm are achieved at 225 °C. The frequency variation remains below 1.5% over the temperature range of 25 °C to 225 °C, and the harmonics power level is 20 dB lower than the fundamental. A phase noise of -131 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency is achieved at 225 °C.
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4,833
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Please write an abstract with title: Design of FPGA Board for CP-SAR Image Processing System, and key words: Image processing, Radar imaging, Autonomous aerial vehicles, Radar polarimetry, Doppler radar, Doppler effect, Field programmable gate arrays. Abstract: We are conducting an experiment for Circularly Polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar (CP-SAR) using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Raw image data obtained by radar is processed by FPGA on UAV. The Range Doppler Algorithm (RDA) is used for our image processing. Currently, our image processing system uses the KC705 evaluation board with Kintex-7 FPGA, and it communicates with CP-SAR controller unit to perform image processing. This KC705 evaluation board is a multipurpose board and has parts that are not used in image processing. Therefore, we select the parts required for image processing and design a board for SAR image processing that is smaller and lighter than the KC705.
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4,834
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Please write an abstract with title: A Routing Procedure for Mixed Array of Custom Macros and Standard Cells, and key words: Pins, Solid modeling, Read only memory, Programmable logic arrays, Shape, Routing, Laboratories, Automatic logic units, Logic design, Large scale integration. Abstract: Routing algorithms for multi- (more than 3) sided pin arrangements are presented. These algorithms are essential for layouts mixing standard cells with custom macros such as ROM, RAM, PLA and ALU. An extended layout model in which these algorithms are applied is also presented. An experimental result regarding the effect on block area with respect to cell height, obtained by comparing an extended model with a traditional model, is described.
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4,835
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Please write an abstract with title: High-efficiency plasmon-enhanced GeSn photodetectors operating at 2 μm, and key words: Optical polarization, Absorption, Optical design, Optical device fabrication, Lighting, Photodetectors, Optical fiber communication. Abstract: Au/GeSn grating structure was designed and adopted in GeSn photodetectors to enhance the optical absorption at 2 μm. A 3× improvement in responsivity to 0.386 A/W was achieved under TM-polarized illumination.
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4,836
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Please write an abstract with title: The influence of spatial and temporal correlation on the capacity of MIMO channels, and key words: Channel capacity, MIMO, Receiving antennas, Transmitting antennas, Receivers, Scattering, Wireless communication, Radio transmitters, Solid modeling, Radio link. Abstract: Wireless communication systems employing multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver have been shown to offer significant gains over single antenna systems. Recent studies on the capacity of multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) channels have focused on the effect of spatial correlation. The joint effect of spatial and temporal correlation has not been well studied. In this paper a geometric channel model is presented which considers motion of the receiver and non-isotropic scattering at both ends of the radio link. A joint space-time cross-correlation function is derived and variates with this correlation are generated using the vector autoregressive stochastic model. The outage capacity of this channel is considered where the effects of antenna spacing, antenna array angle, degree of non-isotropic scattering and receiver motion are investigated. When n transmit and n receive antennas are employed, it is shown that capacity still increases linearly with respect to n despite the presence of spatial and temporal correlation.
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4,837
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Please write an abstract with title: A Study of Supply Chain and the Marketing Mix of Tai Lue Woven Fabric in Phayao Province, Thailand, and key words: Computational modeling, Supply chains, Digital art, Media, Current supplies, Weaving, Fabrics. Abstract: Tai Lue woven fabric is a unique product producing in northern Thailand. This research studies the current supply chain activities of the Tai Lue community in Phayao province, Thailand by using the SCOR model. It found that the business is lacking planning in terms of making products and make-to-stock entities. In addition, the marketing mix is used to evaluate the disadvantages in the Tai Lue woven fabric business. It found that the business of Tai Lue textile still needs to improve. Shop settings and products need more fashionable design and store salespeople should know their products deeply in detail.
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4,838
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Please write an abstract with title: A composite-resonator mode description of coupled lasers, and key words: Optical coupling, Laser modes, Laser mode locking, Optical resonators, Laser theory, Frequency, Optical saturation, Dispersion, Physics, Equations. Abstract: We investigated the behavior of two lasers operating with coupled resonators. Our analysis involves a decomposition of the laser field in terms of the passive composite resonator eigenmodes. The interaction between the laser field and the active medium is found to lead to mode coupling, The dominant coupling mechanism is cross saturation among composite-resonator modes. The effects of cross saturation on the output of the coupled lasers are investigated. Our results are valid for all values of coupling between lasers. Examples of lockbands calculated using the composite-resonator mode analysis are presented.
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4,839
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Please write an abstract with title: Electroglottography based voice-to-MIDI real time converter with AI voice act classification, and key words: Deep learning, Working environment noise, Neural networks, Predictive models, Acoustic measurements, Real-time systems, Human voice. Abstract: Voice-to-MIDI real-time conversion is a challenging task that presents a series of obstacles and complications. The main issue is the tracking of the pitch. The frequency tracking of human voice can be inaccurate and computationally expensive due to spectral complexity of voice sounds. Moreover, with microphone-based systems, the presence of environmental noise and neighbouring sounds further affect the accuracy of the frequency tracking. Another issue with the conversion of voice into MIDI, is the presence of non-singing phonemes. As every sound picked up by the microphone would go through the conversion system, any voice or sounded phonemes produced by the user will result in a MIDI output. This research addresses such issues by applying a novel experimental method which employs electroglottography, known to the medical community as EGG, as a source for the pitch tracking operation. Electroglottography improves both the accuracy of the tracking and the ease of processing as it delivers a direct evaluation of the vocal folds operation whilst bypassing any contamination from other sound sources. Furthermore, to address the issue of non-singing phonemes, the proposed method employs the use of neural networks for a real-time classification of the vocal act produced by the user.
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4,840
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Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation of Modes in Dielectric Resonators Using a Surface Integral Equation Formulation, and key words: Dielectrics, Integral equations, Resonant frequency, Q factor, Moment methods, Surface treatment, Costs, Temperature, Stability. Abstract: A moment method solution procedure for rotationally symmetric dielectric bodies has been applied to isolated cylindrical dielectric resonators, and the frequencies, as well as Q factors due to radiation, have been determined for several of the lowest modes, including those of hybrid type.
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4,841
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Please write an abstract with title: New 3300V chip generation with a trench IGBT and an optimized field stop concept with a smooth switching behavior, and key words: Insulated gate bipolar transistors, Power semiconductor switches, Isolation technology. Abstract: IGBT3 technology, with its trench cell and field stop is introduced for high voltage applications. The field stop concept has to be optimized, if modules with a high rated current are used in applications with a high stray inductance, to ensure the controllability of the voltage overshoot. The realized devices have greatly reduced losses in typical applications and allow an increase of the power output of converters.
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4,842
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Please write an abstract with title: An Efficient RRT-Based Framework for Planning Short and Smooth Wheeled Robot Motion Under Kinodynamic Constraints, and key words: Mobile robots, Trajectory, Acceleration, Robot motion, Kinematics. Abstract: This article presents a framework that extends a rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) algorithm to plan the motion for a wheeled robot under kinodynamic constraints. Unlike previous RRT-based path planning algorithms that apply complex steer functions during a path sampling phase, this framework uses a straight line to connect a pair of sampled waypoints such that an obstacle-free path can be quickly found. This path is further pruned by the short-cutting algorithm. Under the kinodynamic constraints, we propose a motion-control law that is guided by a pose-based steer function for the robot to reach its destination in a short time. A path deformation strategy is presented that shifts the waypoint away from the collision point such that the trajectory can be generated without any collision. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed framework needs less computation to generate a smoother trajectory with shorter length than its peers, and experimental results show that simulated trajectories of our controller are very close to real ones and the performance is better than that of a prior pose-based controller.
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4,843
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Please write an abstract with title: State of the art in underwater acoustic imaging, and key words: Acoustic imaging, Optical imaging, Displays, Underwater acoustics, Holographic optical components, Holography, Focusing, Optical signal processing, Acoustic signal detection, Acoustic arrays. Abstract: Underwater acoustic imaging is a part of the larger field of acoustic imaging, and as such, has its own peculiarities and attributes as compared with the rest of the acoustic imaging field. Such systems are useful in providing underwater observation and inspection capabilities whenever optical systems cannot. Three basic techniques of acoustic imaging that are appropriate for underwater imaging use (focused, beamformed, and holographic) and examples of each of them are described. Then the limitations and promise for the future in underwater acoustic imaging is explored.
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4,844
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Please write an abstract with title: Sailor Integral System using Elastic Cloud Compute Module, and key words: Microcontrollers, Storms, Clouds, Weather forecasting, Load management, Safety, Telecommunication computing. Abstract: The main objective of the work is to locate the live coordinates of the sailor during their journey using Global Positioning System (GPS). The work results in a quality product that ensures the safety of the sailor from crossing the borders or nearing the border of the contiguous countries or illegal borders. So, the system alerts the sailors from being captured by the naval of other countries. This is a serious issue that happens day to day. GPS gives information about the current latitude and longitude values, which is then sent to the microcontroller unit. The microcontroller unit compares the current location with the predefined value. If the current latitude and longitudinal values exceeds predefined values, the system alerts the fishermen that they are about to reach the nautical border. If the boat enters the zone nearer to the restricted zone, then the buzzer will turn on. The system provides precise location details, such as where the point they have started their journey and the point they are right now. The application user can bookmark location at the sea where there is high yield of fish breeds for fishing and pearl cultivation. The system can provide prior information whether the journey is safe to travel. If in case of any bad weather the storm trails can be indicated on the map.
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4,845
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Please write an abstract with title: Research on Circulating Current Generation Mechanism of Parallel Multilevel Inverters, and key words: Total harmonic distortion, Switching frequency, Redundancy, Switches, Multilevel inverters, Topology, Impedance. Abstract: The parallel multi-level inverter structure has the advantages of small output harmonics, high efficiency, high redundancy and high reliability. However, the structure of parallel multi-level inverters will bring circulation problems, and the circulation will increase the total harmonic distortion of the three-phase current, reduce the current stress of the switching devices and reduce the system efficiency, and even damage the power devices. This article will define the circulation from different dimensions, zero-sequence circulation and intra-phase circulation. Based on the circuit analysis and the definition of circulation, a mathematical model is established to study the mechanism of circulation in depth. According to Kirchhoff’s voltage law, the mathematical formulas for circulating current caused by cross-conduction and the difference in electrical parameters of parallel circuits are deduced to provide a theoretical basis for solving the problem of circulating current.
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4,846
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Please write an abstract with title: Typical Fault Cause Recognition of Single-Phase-to-Ground Fault for Overhead Lines in Nonsolidly Earthed Distribution Networks, and key words: Circuit faults, Insulators, Feature extraction, Grounding, Flashover, Arresters. Abstract: The single-phase-to-ground fault (SPGF) affects the reliability and security of the distribution system greatly. Accurate online recognition of fault causes can help improve the efficiency of weak components finding and maintenance. In this article, various symptom features of the SPGF by typical causes are analyzed and a fuzzy inference system (FIS) for fault cause recognition is established for overhead lines in nonsolidly earthed distribution networks. Based on the survey of fault causes in a certain city in China, artificial grounding experiments are designed for six typical fault causes, including arrester breakdown, insulator flashover, line-to-crossbar discharge, line fallen on wet mud, line fallen on wet sand, and line fallen into the pond for waveform data collection. Through multiple time-frequency analysis on waveform data of various causes, five features are extracted and the statistical results are obtained, including self-recoverability, zero current time, transition time, degree of distortion, and randomness. Based on the above, a FIS for cause recognition for SPGFs is established. The experimental results and the comparison with the BPNN model show that the proposed method has good performance and feasibility.
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4,847
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Please write an abstract with title: SPACE-MAC: enabling spatial reuse using MIMO channel-aware MAC, and key words: MIMO, Transmitting antennas, Media Access Protocol, Receiving antennas, Transmitters, Array signal processing, Antenna arrays, Antennas and propagation, Scattering, Wireless networks. Abstract: Smart antennas present a radical way to improve the capacity of wireless networks. The advantages of such antennas can be leveraged by the MAC and higher layers. In this paper, we present SPACE-MAC, a MAC protocol which enables "spatial reuse" of the medium by multiple transmit/receive pairs which are in the same collision domain. SPACE-MAC prevents interference between such pairs by selectively nulling the signals from potentially interfering transmissions. This is achieved in a totally distributed fashion utilizing channel state information (CSI) at both transmitter and receiver to adjust antennas weights for each packet transmission. SPACE-MAC can operate effectively in cluttered (e.g., indoor) environments. SPACE-MAC achieves spatial reuse without requiring a separate channel for exchanging channel state information. This allows considerably better channel utilization. We investigate performance improvements of SPACE-MAC with respect to IEEE 802.11 DCF MAC using omnidirectional antennas.
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4,848
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Please write an abstract with title: Pulmonary Image Segmentation Based On Multifractal Of Local Mode, and key words: Image segmentation, Fractals, Lung, Computed tomography, Biomedical imaging, Diseases, Probability. Abstract: In clinical diagnosis of pulmonary diseases by CT images, most rely on the naked eyes and experience of doctors for judgment, with a high misdiagnosis rate. And accurate segmentation and extraction of lung parenchyma and the nodules is the key to the correct analysis of lung disease, this paper is based on the theory of multifractal to segment the CT image by calculating the local mode. Firstly, using the connected region labeling and mathematical morphology method to get rid of the bed in the CT image , blood vessels, and small nodule segmentation to the lungs causing interference information, and then calculate the value of the local area, used to obtain multifractal spectrum of the normalized probability, so as to realize the image segmentation. The experimental results show that the image segmentation by multifractal local mode method can retain more details, make the segmentation more accurate and have good robustness.
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4,849
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Please write an abstract with title: Condition Monitoring of Power Electronics Converters Based on Digital Twin, and key words: Condition monitoring, Parameter estimation, Digital twin, Conferences, Switches, Power electronics, Real-time systems. Abstract: This paper presents a digital twin-based condition monitoring method towards power electronic converter (PEC), which can simultaneously obtain the real-time parameters of critical components including switch, capacitor and inductor. At first, a digital simulation model of PEC is built in SIMULINK/MATLAB. Then, employ Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to constantly update the components’ parameters in the digital model, until the simulation waveform is almost the same as that of its physical counterpart. Consequently, a digital twin imitating the actual parameter value is established for the physical PEC to realize condition monitoring. To preliminarily verify the proposed method, a simulation test on buck converter is implemented. The simulated results show that the proposed method is not only convenient, but also has high accuracy in parameter identification.
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4,850
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Please write an abstract with title: Mode Coupling Between Surface Wave Transmission Lines, and key words: Couplings, Surface waves, Transmission lines, Power transmission lines, Transmission line theory, Tellurium, Land transportation, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Equations, Dielectric losses. Abstract: The eigenvalue equation describing the mode coupling between two Goubau surface wave lines is derived utilizing the point matching method for solutions of boundary value problems. Excellent agreement is obtained between theoretical and experimental results. A method for obtaining the hybrid wavenumbers of coupled surface wave lines is proposed for a finite set of TE and TM modes.
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4,851
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Please write an abstract with title: Transport phenomena of poly(3-alkylthiophene) at the solid-liquid phase transition, and key words: Electrons, Temperature, Dielectric liquids, Photoconductivity, Energy states, Polymer films, Hydrocarbons, Mechanical engineering, Educational institutions, Phase noise. Abstract: We have tried to confirm the sign inversion of the photocarrier in regiorandom poly(3-octadecylthiophene), PAT18, by means of the time-of-flight (TOF) method. It was found that the hole mobility decreases with increasing temperature. At the temperature near the solid-liquid phase transition, the hole mobility decreases drastically, and eventually the melting temperature, it was impossible to evaluate the hole mobility from noisy transient photocurrent. On the other hand, transient photocurrents based on electron transport are observed above the melting point. The negative carrier mobility was evaluated in the range from 10/sup -6/ to 10/sup -5/ cm/sup 2//Vs, which is comparably the hole mobility at the solid state. Moreover, the electrical conductivity changes drastically at the instant of the solid-liquid phase transition, and transport in the liquid state was not influenced remarkably by applied hydrostatic pressure, which suggests electronic transport and not ionic transport. These facts suggest that the same mechanism, for example interchain hopping limits carrier transport, and the negative carrier is electron. This unique phenomenon is interpreted as modulation of electronic energy state caused by conformational change of the main chain.
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4,852
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Please write an abstract with title: A Low DelayArchitecture for Logarithmic Multiplication, and key words: Delays, Adders, Multiplexing, Detectors, Conferences, Market research, Informatics. Abstract: Scope for advancements in Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications is going to have an exponential growth in the near future. Digital filters and other devices have multiplication as the primary operation. The overall fastness of any application is dominated by the speed of multiplication. It is also necessary to decrease the delay and complexity of the circuit. In this work, the primary objective is to design efficient multiplication architecture for logarithmic operation. The efficiency is quantified by the amount of delay incurred. It is compared with Improved Operand decomposition (IOD) technique. The entire work is simulated in Modelsim 10.4a. Accuracy of the proposed technique is computed using Python. Synthesis is performed using Vivado2014.4. The hardware targeted is Basys-3Artix-7 Board. The proposed design yields 11.18% less delay than the IOD technique.
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4,853
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Please write an abstract with title: Static Linear Algebra Problems Solving via Elegant Design Formula and Simplified Explicit Form of Zhang Neural Network with Illustrative Instances, and key words: Mathematical model, Biological system modeling, Algebra, Computational modeling, Numerical models, Convergence, Recurrent neural networks. Abstract: Owing to the parallelism feature and convenient hardware implementation of recurrent neural network (RNN), many RNN models have been proposed to solve linear and nonlinear algebra problems. There into, Zhang neural network (ZNN) and gradient neural network (GNN) have received considerable attention and been exploited to investigate various dynamic models for solving various issues. However, the ZNN and GNN are depicted in quite rigorous formulations, which may limit the development of methodology of dynamic model design. This paper considers developing a new RNN design method named simplified Zhang neural network (SZNN) with more general formulation and versatile instances for statics. The comparisons between SZNN and two conventional methods are analyzed through theoretical results and simulation experiments of linear equation. Furthermore, to show the effectiveness and versatility of SZNN, Sylvester equation and matrix inversion are solved by the proposed SZNN models, and the simulation results substantiate the excellent convergence of the SZNN models.
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4,854
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Please write an abstract with title: Performance Implications of Problem Decomposition Approaches for SDN Pipelines, and key words: IP networks, Pipelines, Standards, Hardware, Software, Protocols, Program processors. Abstract: Software defined networking (SDN) allows organizations to modify networks programmatically to implement custom forwarding behavior and to react to changing conditions. While there are many approaches available to implement SDN those that leverage forwarding table abstractions such as OpenFlow and P4 require developers to decompose problems into one or more tables associated with a definable pipeline. This paper explores tradeoffs between table depth and pipeline length associated with different problem decomposition options by analyzing the performance impact on hardware and software data planes including software data planes leveraging hardware acceleration through the use of SmartNICs.
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4,855
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Please write an abstract with title: Review of Android Malware Detection Based on Deep Learning, and key words: Malware, Deep learning, Smart phones, Java, Tools, Security, Feature extraction. Abstract: At present, smartphones running the Android operating system have occupied the leading market share. However, due to the Android operating system's open-source nature, Android malware has increased dramatically. Malware can steal user privacy and even maliciously charge fees and steal funds. It has posed a severe threat to cyberspace security because traditional detection methods have many limitations. With the widespread application of deep learning in recent years, the method of detecting Android malware using deep learning has gradually attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad. Although scholars have researched Android malware detection using deep learning, there is currently a lack of a detailed and comprehensive introduction to malware detection's latest research results based on deep learning. In order to solve this problem, this study analyzes and summarizes the latest research results by investigating a large number of the latest domestic and international academic papers, summarizing malware detection architecture and detection schemes, and analyzing existing problems and challenges. This review will help researchers better understand the research status and future research directions in this field.
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4,856
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Please write an abstract with title: RADARSAT-2; are its technical capabilities expected to provide potential for remote sensing applications ?, and key words: Remote sensing, Polarization, Spaceborne radar, Satellites, Spatial resolution, Ice, Agriculture, Forestry, Geology, Hydrology. Abstract: In this paper, we preview and demonstrate how the technical improvements included in RADARSAT-2 will impact the system's potential utility for 32 applications in the fields of agriculture, cartography, disaster management, forestry, geology, hydrology, oceans, and sea and land ice.
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4,857
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Please write an abstract with title: Teleporting what matters [quantum computing], and key words: Quantum computing, Quantum well lasers, Electron traps, Atomic measurements, Laser beams, Quantum entanglement, Laser theory, NIST, Electrodes, Atomic beams. Abstract: Physicists in Austria and the US have shown for the first time how to teleport the properties of one atom to another. At the National Institute of Standards and Technology, a team of teleporters trapped three beryllium ions. The ions - beryllium atoms with missing electrons and hence a positive charge - are subjected to forces from electric fields so that they can be held in an ion trap. Here, radio waves and electric fields from a set of electrodes hold the ions in a line but also allow them to be moved from one segment of the trap to the other. This way, ions could be brought over to the different laser beams used for entanglement and for the measurement of quantum states. Two atoms can be entangled by simultaneously undergoing changes in quantum state when hit with a specific series of laser pulses. The same teleportation protocol was used by another team at Innsbruck University. However, this team used a different type of trap, one with no segments. Instead of moving the ions to the lasers, the team was able to aim the lasers well enough so that they could move the laser beams to the ions. These simple trap systems have been found to be very promising and may first be applied in a specialized computer called quantum repeater. This kind of device, though still the stuff of mere theory, would extend the range of wiretap-proof quantum communication systems that encode messages in the polarization of photons.
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4,858
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Please write an abstract with title: Live Demonstration: Passive Sensor Setup for Road Condition Monitoring, and key words: Roads, Wheels, Standards, Sensor systems, Vehicle dynamics, Tires, Springs. Abstract: The automation of vehicles is a major challenge and subject to many publications focusing on sensor systems, capable of receiving environmental information. As stated in the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Vehicle Standard [1] , automated driving level four to five requires observations of the environment to establish a continuous environment model, including road conditions. In our paper presented at IEEE Sensors 2019 [2] , we propose a solution of measuring road conditions with vehicle on-board data utilizing a Vehicle Level Sensor (VLS) and an Acceleration Sensor (AS). The VLS is a standard component for vehicles with an automatic luminary width control for headlamp systems to ensure proper illumination and prevent glare for preceding and oncoming vehicles. Along with internet connectivity, the sensor system enables every vehicle of measuring road condition to potentially provide it to a cloud platform.
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4,859
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Please write an abstract with title: A Modular Approach to Large-Signal Modeling of an Interconnected AC/MTDC System, and key words: System performance, Europe, Numerical simulation, Synchronous generators, Numerical models, Smart grids, Voltage-source converters. Abstract: The so-called modular modeling of interconnected AC/MTDC (Multi-Terminal DC) systems aids their synthesis and analysis by decomposing it into structural modules (e.g. voltage-source converter, synchronous generator, AC line, DC line) and by exploring the patterns of interconnection that yield the overall performance of a system. In this paper, we introduce our idea on the modular modeling of large-signal dynamics for an interconnected AC/MTDC system. Effectiveness of the idea is shown with numerical simulations for a relatively simple configuration of three-terminal DC grid.
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4,860
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Please write an abstract with title: Research on the Construction of Singapore’s "Smart Nation" Based on the TRT Model Perspective, and key words: Technological innovation, Smart cities, Buildings, Big Data, Data models, Information management, Acceleration. Abstract: Singapore is the first country in the world to introduce the "Smart Nation 2025 Plan". Its e-government construction has always been in the forefront of the world, especially in the construction of smart cities. Research on the construction of Singapore's "smart nation" is an important reference for China's current smart city construction. Based on the perspective of the TRT model, this article summarizes the measures taken in the process of building a smart country in Singapore from the perspective of big data as technology, resources, and concepts and puts forward further countermeasures based on the actual situation of smart country building in China.
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4,861
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Please write an abstract with title: Object recognition by clustering spectral features, and key words: Object recognition, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Feature extraction, Computer science, Clustering methods, Spatial databases, Unsupervised learning, Knowledge engineering, Pattern recognition, Computer vision. Abstract: We investigate whether vectors of graph spectral features can be used for the purposes of graph clustering. We commence from the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the adjacency matrix. Each of the leading eigenmodes represents a cluster of nodes and is mapped to a component of a feature vector. The spectral features used as components of the vectors are the eigenvalues and the shared perimeter length. We explore whether these vectors can be used for the purposes of graph clustering. Here we investigate the use of both central and pairwise clustering methods. On a database of view-graphs, both of the features provide good clusters while the eigenvectors perform better.
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4,862
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Please write an abstract with title: Hybrid Photonic Beamforming for 5G Downlink Millimeter Wave MIMO Communication, and key words: Array signal processing, Antenna arrays, Matching pursuit algorithms, Optical transmitters, Optical ring resonators, Delays, Optical filters. Abstract: Millimeter wave communication is going to play important roles for the coming 5G wireless era since it has large bandwidth from 24GHz to 300GHz. Massive MIMO antenna arrays provide high gain and are used to combat high loss of mmwave signals. Conventional fully digital beamforming architecture for massive MIMO antenna arrays increases complexity and hardware cost as it requires a large number of RF chains for each antenna elements. An alternative solution is to design a hybrid beamformer where analog and digital beamformers reduce complexity and hardware constraints. Other important requirements for 5G network are low power consumption, high bandwidth and high spectral efficiency. The use of photonic solutions can dramatically improve power efficiency, and bandwidth utilization. Besides, photonic based true time delay lines (TTDs) avoid beam squint or beam pointing error over large bandwidth. In this paper, we demonstrate hybrid photonic beamformer for downlink remote radio access. We replaced RF phase shifters by ring resonator based analog beam-forming. Analog beamformer is located in remote access and the digital beamformer is implemented in baseband unit which is located in central office. The central office and remote radio access are connected by fronthaul multicore fibers which are used for spatial multiplexing to increase spectral efficiency. Orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) based Hybrid beamforming algorithm implemented in baseband unit controls and optimizes the required group delay distributions and 3D beamforming.
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4,863
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Please write an abstract with title: Multi-physics Coupling Simulation Study in EDM Discharge Process, and key words: Couplings, Temperature, Magnetohydrodynamics, Fluids, Force, Tools, Discharges (electric). Abstract: As a method of non-traditional machining, EDM plays an important role in advanced manufacturing technology. The EDM process involves multi-physics coupling effects such as electromagnetics, thermal and fluid. It has the characteristics of instantaneity, randomness and complexity, which brings difficulties to the study of discharge process. In this paper, a multi-physics coupling model of the EDM discharge process is established based on magnetohydrodynamics, the discharge process is simulated transiently. Results show that the plasma channel is formed within 0.1μs, the highest current density and temperature are in the centre of the plasma channel, and gradually decrease along the radial direction with the increase of the radius, and there is little change along the axial direction; The electric field intensity between tools gradually stabilizes after the plasma channel is formed; The velocity of dielectric between tools takes the centre of the plasma channel as the axis of symmetry, in the form of a symmetrical vortex, with the direction from tool to workpiece, and the maximum velocity is at the centre of the tools.
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4,864
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Please write an abstract with title: CooPEC: Cooperative Prefetching and Edge Caching for Adaptive 360° Video Streaming, and key words: Streaming media, Servers, Bandwidth, Throughput, Entropy, Prefetching, Bit rate. Abstract: Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) has emerged as the de facto solution for streaming 360°videos. Viewers of 360° videos view only a fraction of each video segment, i.e., the part that corresponds to their Field of View (FoV). To facilitate FoV-adaptive streaming, a segment can be divided into multiple tiles with the FoV corresponding to a subset of tiles. Streaming each segment in its entirety from the video server to a client can incur high communication overheads both in terms of bandwidth and latency. Caching at the network edge can reduce these overheads. However, as edge cache capacity is limited, only a subset of tiles encoded at a subset of supported resolutions may be present in the cache. A viewer, depending on its FoV,may experience cache hit and low download latency for some segments, and a cache miss resulting in high download latency from video server for other segments. This can result in the DASH client unnecessarily triggering quality switches for the following reason: low (high) latency download from edge cache (server, respectively) may be misinterpreted as high (low, respectively) network throughput estimate. In this paper, we propose CooPEC (COOperative Prefetching and Edge Caching), a prefetching and complementary caching solution which uses viewers' FoV entropy to: (i) enable a bitrate oscillation-free video streaming, (ii) reduce core network bandwidth consumption, and (iii) enhance QoE for users.
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4,865
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Please write an abstract with title: Active Disturbance Rejection Control Design for the Power on Ultrasonic Transducer, and key words: Ultrasonic transducers, Robust control, Analytical models, Temperature, Control systems, Mathematical models, Acoustics. Abstract: The Ultrasonic scalpel has good medical characteristics and is widely used in the medical field. As the core component of the ultrasonic scalpel system, the ultrasonic transducer usually needs to control its power for good cutting performance. However, the mathematical model of the ultrasonic transducer is complex and easily influenced by the load and temperature. Consequently, it is challenging to design a power controller that satisfies all situations with different temperatures and loads. In this paper, we will analyze the equivalent model of the ultrasonic transducer and simplify the controlled object model. Then, an ADRC controller, which has the advantage of placing less emphasis on the mathematical model and compensating for the disturbances, will be designed. Finally, the performance of the ADRC control system will be tested according to a simulation experiment.
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4,866
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Please write an abstract with title: Change Detection in Bi-Temporal Alos-2 Palsar-2 Polarimetric Data, and key words: Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Covariance matrices, Radar polarimetry, Remote sensing, Image color analysis, Testing, Oils. Abstract: This paper examines two test statistics, namely, likelihood ratio statistic and Roy's largest eigenvalue, for detecting changes in multi-look bi-temporal ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 fully polarimetric data. The latter turns into the well-known intensity ratio when applying to single-polarization data. The experimental results showed a comparable good performance of both the statistics in change detection. A more comprehensive change map was obtained from the fully polarimetric data compared with the use of only single-polarization data.
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4,867
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Please write an abstract with title: Challenges for ultra-wideband (UWB) CMOS integration, and key words: Ultra wideband technology, Bandwidth, FCC, Pulse modulation, Amplitude modulation, Costs, Frequency, Transceivers, Space technology, Phase locked loops. Abstract: Various methods of utilizing the UWB spectrum have been developed to date, characterized by specific modulation schemes, such as pulse position, pulse amplitude or bi-phase modulation. A new method emerging today utilizes a multi-band approach, where information is encoded in multiple RF subbands at staggered time, each occupying 500 MHz bandwidth. A description of multi-band modulation schemes for UWB is included in the paper. The long term vision for UWB-based products is to enable personal devices with integrated wireless connectivity. This requires 110, 200 and 480 Mbps at 10 m, and reasonably low power consumption. UWB requires CMOS designs in order to achieve low power and low cost integration with other devices, and to fulfil the vision of integrated connectivity. One of the design challenges is the high operating frequencies (3.1-10.6 GHz), an additional challenge is that low Q systems are more sensitive to parasitics, especially in pads and wire bonds. Some UWB receiver architectures require good isolation among subbands. They also require quick switching between subbands at different frequencies. Example transmitter and receiver architectures are described in the paper.
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4,868
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Please write an abstract with title: Management of Real Time Oceanographic Data, and key words: Real time systems, Tides, Ocean temperature, Sea surface, Quality control, Aquaculture, Surface waves, Gravity, Telemetry, Instruments. Abstract: With the advent of improved communications systems and on-site processing hardware in recent years, the Marine Environmental Data Services Branch now makes available real-time and near real-time "in-situ" oceanographic, wave, and tides and water level data to its user community.Oceanographic data accessed from the Integrated Global Ocean Station System, for data collected within one month of observation,is quality controlled, archived and accessible to users on a weekly basis. Daily surface gravity wave spectra are also accessible through this same network.Tides and water level data for Canadian stations are accessible on a daily basis through the Tidal Acquisition and Telemetry System. This paper describes the data sources, communications and processing systems, quality control criteria, and some data products presently available from these data received in MEDS.
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4,869
|
Please write an abstract with title: Power and Voltage regulation of a Solid-State Transformer based Quad-Active Bridge DC–DC Converter using Adaptive Linear Quadratic Regulator and Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, and key words: Voltage control, Bridge circuits, Regulators, Uncertainty, Predictive control, Regulation. Abstract: Solid-state transformer (SST) has gained increasing attention in the electrical grid. One of the SST architectures is a three stages SST where quadrable active bridge (QAB) can be used in the isolation stage. This work investigates power and voltage regulation of the QAB module-based SST design under unbalanced loading conditions. The proposed control system applied in the QAB implements an adaptive linear quadratic regulator (ALQR) and nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) to achieve the regulation. The dynamic performance of the QAB based SST is proven analytically and supported by simulation results.
|
4,870
|
Please write an abstract with title: Orthogonal complement component analysis for positive samples in SVM based relevance feedback image retrieval, and key words: Image analysis, Support vector machines, Image retrieval, Support vector machine classification, Radio frequency, Content based retrieval, Negative feedback, Hilbert space, Kernel, Image databases. Abstract: Relevance feedback (RF) is an important tool to improve the performance of content-based image retrieval system. Support vector machine (SVM) based RF is popular because it can generalize better than most other classifiers. However, directly using SVM in RF may not be appropriate, since SVM treats the positive and negative feedbacks equally. Given the different properties of positive samples and negative samples in RF, they should be treated differently. Considering this, we propose an orthogonal complement components analysis (OCCA) combined with SVM in this paper. We then generalize the OCCA to Hilbert space and define the kernel empirical OCCA (KEOCCA). Through experiments on a Corel photo database with 17,800 images, we demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve the performance of conventional SVM-based RF.
|
4,871
|
Please write an abstract with title: Direct FEM-Domain Decomposition Using Convex-to-Concave Spherical Ports for Space Applications, and key words: Lenses, Finite element analysis, GSM, Satellites, Electronic mail, Satellite antennas. Abstract: This letter proposes the application of a hybrid numerical technique to two cases of interest in the space business: the reallocation of radiators and scatters on satellite platforms; and the analysis of antennas for mobile communications. It is based on the analytical manipulation of the generalized scattering matrix obtained from the finite-element method, when concave and convex spherical surfaces are defined as ports. The technique combines: the power of full-wave resolution, the flexibility and speed of the direct domain decomposition techniques and the application of analytical rotations and translations from the addition theorems for spherical vector waves, while keeping the same accuracy as a complete full-wave method since no model simplifications are considered.
|
4,872
|
Please write an abstract with title: An RCS measurement technique to extract the impedance of high-impedance aperture and slot antennas, and key words: Measurement techniques, Aperture antennas, Slot antennas, Radar scattering, Loaded antennas, Receiving antennas, Antenna measurements, Impedance measurement, Micromechanical devices, Resonance. Abstract: We introduce a novel technique to measure the input impedance of generally high-impedance aperture antennas whereby a relationship is established between the RCS of a slot/aperture antenna to its impedance/conductance. Then, the necessary condition which must be met when the receiving antenna is terminated by a matched load is derived and used to identify the corresponding RCS. Comparing the RCS of the loaded antenna in conjunction with the criteria provided by the proposed method can determined whether the receiving antenna is matched or not. If not, one can change the termination resistance until the required conditions on the RCS are met, and, then, identify the matched load that is equal to the impedance of the antenna at resonance.
|
4,873
|
Please write an abstract with title: Towards an Erlang-like law for GPRS/EDGE network engineering, and key words: Ground penetrating radar, Traffic control, Telecommunication traffic, Wireless networks, Resource management, Analytical models, Taylor series, Radio link, Speech analysis, Queueing analysis. Abstract: A model for GPRS/EDGE network engineering is developed in order to obtain an Erlang-like law. It is based on a discrete-time Markov chain. It captures the main features of the GPRS/EDGE radio resource allocation and assumes an ON/OFF traffic (infinite sessions with geometric distributions of ON/OFF sizes) performed by a finite number of users over the cell. The Markov chain is simplified by Taylor series expansion and a simple and accurate Erlang-like law is obtained.
|
4,874
|
Please write an abstract with title: SLL: running my Web services on your WS platforms, and key words: Web services, Computer languages, Service oriented architecture, Java, Runtime environment, XML, Engines, Encoding, Simple object access protocol, Batteries. Abstract: Today, the choice for a particular programming language limits the alternative products that can be used to deploy the program. The purpose of this work is to break the strong ties between programming languages and runtime environments and thus make it possible to innovate at both ends independently. While this goal has been pursued in previous work, the specific focus of this work is on Web services and service-oriented architectures (SOAs); focusing on this domain and its particular properties makes it possible to achieve this goal with affordable efforts. The key idea is to introduce a Service Language Layer (SLL) which gives a high-level abstraction of a service-oriented program and which can easily and efficiently be executed on alternative Web services platforms.
|
4,875
|
Please write an abstract with title: Identification for Factors and Causes Affecting the Traffic Accident Severity, and key words: Particle measurements, Road safety, Safety, Decision trees, Injuries, Accidents, Vehicles. Abstract: The article provides a review of methods for identifying factors affecting the severity of traffic accidents. The statistics of traffic accidents in the average Elabuga town for 2017-2018 were taken as initial information. To distinguish between types of incidents decision trees were used. The analysis showed that various types of accidents lead to consequences of varying severity. The most common types of accidents that can cause people to suffer are hits a pedestrian and a cyclist. To identify the relationship between driving offence and the type of accident, a decision tree was built and some rules were obtained. For example, the number of hits pedestrians can be reduced if drivers comply with the rules for a pedestrian crossing. Thus, in the article traffic regulations which are most often violated are highlighted, and accidents resulting from such violations result in deaths or serious injuries.
|
4,876
|
Please write an abstract with title: Corpus-Based Research on the Use of Foreign Language Chunks, and key words: Vocabulary, Data science, Grammar, Business. Abstract: As a prefabricated or semi-prefabricated unit of meaning between vocabulary and grammar, lexical blocks can be stored in the corpus directly for users without needing to be processed and analyzed again. Nowadays, a lot of interpreting research has show that lexical chunks and interpretation of efficiency, accuracy and fluency are directly related, so this article, therefore, in understanding the current corpus and its piece of research, on the basis of a clear opportunity to foreign language chunk application characteristics of corpus, and outline of CET band four words, for example analysis to establish the feasibility of chunk table.
|
4,877
|
Please write an abstract with title: Basic constraints from graph theory for dc-to-dc conversion networks, and key words: Constraint theory, Graph theory, Switches, Circuit theory, Digital simulation, Voltage, Equations, Controllability, Observability, Large-scale systems. Abstract: Some theorems in graph theory, which have received little use in circuit theory, are used to derive constraints on the voltage, current, and power associated with the elements in a dc-to-dc conversion network. The result is an insight into the necessary roles of the switches and reactances in the network. The application of the graph theorems to this problem shows their flexibility, and it is expected that they will prove useful in other areas of circuit theory.
|
4,878
|
Please write an abstract with title: A 17-mW 0.66-mm/sup 2/ direct-conversion receiver for 1-Mb/s cable replacement, and key words: Physical layer, Filters, Bluetooth, Costs, Wireless personal area networks, CMOS technology, Radio frequency, Hardware, Bit error rate, Integrated circuit noise. Abstract: A very-low-cost wireless personal area network (WPAN) receiver implemented in 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology consumes 17mW of power and occupies an area of 0.66 mm/sup 2/. Simplicity in the physical layer, which still supports the 1-Mb/s requirement, allows for power savings in the receive front-end. A new coding scheme permits the integration of a high-pass filter to mitigate DC offset and 1/f noise. A linear front-end eliminates the external band-preselect filter. This die area is the smallest reported for Bluetooth-class front-ends.
|
4,879
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Volume and Assist Controlled Mechanical Emergency Ventilator for Respiratory Support, and key words: COVID-19, Pressure sensors, Ventilators, Torque, Pandemics, Hospitals, Volume measurement. Abstract: Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, most hospitals in the Philippines, especially the rural and small hospitals, lacked respirators such as medical ventilators. With only a few thousand of these devices, the lack of emergency ventilators is a crucial problem in battling the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. Hence, the study aimed to design an economical and portable mechanical emergency ventilator for respiratory support. It was achieved by effectively calibrating, automating, and controlling the working principle of BVM. Particularly, a CAM arm was designed to allow constant, smooth, and repeatable compression on the bag. Subsequently, driving the arm is a motor that was selected carefully according to the necessary motor torque and power calculations. Consequently, an effective close loop control system using a PID controller was implemented to control the motor position and speed. Although, the controller contains small inaccuracies that generate discrepancies in the volume measurement, and the pressure sensor records unusual readings due to breathing connection issues. The overall prototype confirms the minimum clinical specifications for a mechanical ventilator. As a result, the prototype has two ventilator modes, volume and assist control. It weighs 6.75 kg and has adimension of 385 × 270 × 235 mm.
|
4,880
|
Please write an abstract with title: Cone Detection and Location for Formula Student Driverless Race, and key words: Image color analysis, Shape, Morphology, Filtering algorithms, Cameras, Calibration, Reliability. Abstract: This paper proposes a cone detection algorithm based on HSV color and the least-squares method. The algorithm first converts the RGB image of the cone into HSV format and then binarizes it. Next, filter the binarized image by methods of floodfill and morphology. The contour of the cone is detected, and then the slope is determined by the least-squares method for the final determination. This article also describes the principle of camera calibration and the perspective transformation method to extract the position of the identified cone. Finally, it is verified by experiments that cone recognition is effective and the location information is highly reliable.
|
4,881
|
Please write an abstract with title: Class refinement for software evolution, and key words: Java, Software prototyping, Prototypes, Concrete, Large-scale systems, Software systems, Programming profession, Conferences, Costs. Abstract: We have proposed a theoretical framework for introducing class refinement which is considered to play an important role in evolutionary prototyping in object-oriented languages. Class inheritance is extensively used in OO languages in evolving software by introducing new functions in the class and redefining them. In the redefinition, methods are overridden by their new definitions in its subclasses. However, overriding methods sometimes causes unpredicted effects on the classes, which is known as 'fragile base class problem'. This anomaly has effects on evolving programs as it makes understanding the programs harder. Here, we propose to prohibit method redefinition and, instead, to introduce function refinement, which is based on abstract interpretation. In this refinement, we start with an abstract data domain and methods operating on them. The data domain and methods are refined and become concrete in the course of evolution of programs. We mainly focus on the formalism for class refinement.
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4,882
|
Please write an abstract with title: Bit-plane and pass dual parallel architecture for coefficient bit modeling in JPEG2000, and key words: Parallel architectures, Image coding, Wavelet coefficients, Transform coding, Arithmetic, Chaos, Logic circuits, Standards development, Image representation, Scalability. Abstract: In this paper, the bit-plane and pass dual parallel architecture for coefficient bit modeling in JPEG2000 is proposed. It is a very high speed and efficient structure that is capable of encoding all bits of the wavelet coefficient in only one scan, and largely decreases the memory requirement. Additionally, in order to decrease the logic circuit requirements we propose a partial primitive-parallel technique to replace the whole channel-parallelism. Experimental results show that the architecture can encode about 15 times more than the pass-parallel encoding for the coefficient with 16 bits. And it only requires 3 K bits memory instead of 16 K bits for the pass-parallel encoding.
|
4,883
|
Please write an abstract with title: A sensorless optimal control system for an automotive electric power assist steering system, and key words: Optimal control, Automotive engineering, Steering systems, Control systems, Power system modeling, Sensorless control, Vehicle dynamics, Torque control, Assembly systems, Lagrangian functions. Abstract: This paper considers the analysis and design of a double-pinion-type electric power assist steering (EPAS) control system. A simplified model of the augmented steering assembly-electric motor system is developed using Lagrangian dynamics, and an optimal controller structure for the model is proposed. Three main advances to the state of the art are presented in this paper. First, a state-space design model is used rather than an input-output model. A state-space formulation for a system model that incorporates motor electrical dynamics is obtained with the assist motor angular position as the output. Second, linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and Kalman filter techniques are employed to arrive at an optimal controller for the EPAS system. The selection of weighting coefficients for the LQR cost function is discussed. Finally, the authors present a control strategy that eliminates the steering column torque sensor, a critical component in existing EPAS controller designs. The proposed control strategy presents an opportunity to improve EPAS system performance and also reduce system cost and complexity.
|
4,884
|
Please write an abstract with title: Computer-Aided Noise Analysis of Linear Multiport Networks of Arbitrary Topology, and key words: Computer networks, Network topology, Circuit noise, Circuit topology, Admittance, Noise figure, Design automation, Circuit synthesis, Working environment noise, Voltage. Abstract: The paper discusses a new algorithm for the noise analysis of a linear multiport network. The circuit may include any kind of passive components introducing thermal noise only, and any number of two-port devices described by the usual four noise parameters. On output, the algorithm produces the correlation matrix of the Norton equivalent noise current sources at the network ports. The approach is suitable for implementation into any general-purpose microwave circuit design program.
|
4,885
|
Please write an abstract with title: A unified fault model and test generation procedure for interconnect opens and bridges, and key words: Circuit faults, Circuit testing, Bridge circuits, Integrated circuit interconnections, Circuit simulation, Fault detection, Threshold voltage, Cities and towns, Graphics, Benchmark testing. Abstract: A unified gate-level fault model for interconnect opens and bridges is proposed. Defects are modeled as constrained multiple line stuck-at faults. A novel feature of the proposed fault model is its flexibility to accommodate increasing levels of accuracy. Additionally the model does not require accurate device level circuit models to achieve desired accuracy. Efficient methods for fault simulation and test generation are discussed and experimental results on benchmark circuits and industrial designs are presented. The experimental results presented show that the tests generated using simpler versions of the proposed fault model achieve higher defect coverage than the tests using two currently popular methods to derive high defect coverage tests.
|
4,886
|
Please write an abstract with title: Dta: An Integrative Approach For Human Action Understanding Based On Region Of Interest, and key words: Location awareness, Visualization, Computer vision, Three-dimensional displays, Computer architecture, Image sequences, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: Human action recognition (HAR) is a popular topic in developing a visual analysis system because of its tremendous potential in autonomous visual analysis. However, visual analysis is a sophisticated field in computer vision because an image sequence consists of various features that do not belong to a specific action. Therefore, we present a novel architecture approach for human action recognition and localization. We dubbed it DTA, an abbreviation of the detect, track, and analyze. It is inspired by yolov3, deep-sort, and 3D convolutional neural networks. Our framework is compact in analyzing human action, and the results showed that the proposed method outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods in various aspects. Moreover, the action recognition model is developed, trained, and tested using the ROI version of the KTH dataset. The experimental results showed the accuracy of the proposed model is superior compared to other traditional methods.
|
4,887
|
Please write an abstract with title: Design of a wineglass-like ultra-wideband monopole antenna, and key words: Microwave antennas, Solid modeling, Surface impedance, Slot antennas, Shape, Millimeter wave technology, Bandwidth. Abstract: This paper proposes a new type of ultra-wideband planar monopole antenna that works across five bands. Its patch shape is similar to that of a red wine glass. The three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software HFSS15 is used for structural design and simulation. The antenna with good radiation performance has a relative bandwidth of 167.3% in the frequency range of 4.4GHz~49.5GHz. The extremely huge bandwidth of this antenna is due to the optimization of the size of the radiation structure, the special semicircular groove on the patch surface and the triangular slot on the ground plane. The proposed antenna size is 20mm*18mm*0.832mm. It has a good radiation pattern in the entire frequency band and has a good application prospect in multiple bands.
|
4,888
|
Please write an abstract with title: Golay Code Decoder Using Auto Encoder, and key words: Channel coding, Binary phase shift keying, Machine learning, Decoding, Bit error rate, Recurrent neural networks. Abstract: This paper proposes a method to improve the performance of channel coding by using Auto Encoder. The channel coding technique used in this paper is the Golay code. The proposed method is to combine the Golay code with the Auto Encoder. The output from the Auto Encoder is corrected by the Golay code using the syndrome. Auto Encoder use models that increase the number of nodes in the hidden layer, unlike the typical Auto Encoder. If the Auto Encoder and the Golay code are combined, they show better performance than if only the Golay code is used. Therefore, we believe that even if we combine the techniques of different channel coding with the Auto Encoder, we can improve the performance of channel coding.
|
4,889
|
Please write an abstract with title: Stability of hybrid automata with average dwell time: an invariant approach, and key words: Stability, Automata, Safety, Automatic control, Hysteresis, Control system synthesis, Mathematical model, Formal verification, Logic, Supervisory control. Abstract: A formal method based technique is presented for proving the average dwell time property of a hybrid system, which is useful for establishing stability under slow switching. The hybrid input/output automaton (HIOA) of Lynch et al. (2003) is used as the model for hybrid systems, and it is shown that some known stability theorems from system theory can be adapted to be applied in this framework. The average dwell time property of a given automaton is formalized as an invariant of a corresponding transformed automaton, such that the former has average dwell time if and only if the latter satisfies the invariant. Formal verification techniques can be used to check this invariance property. In particular, the HIOA framework facilitates inductive invariant proofs by systematically breaking them down into cases for the discrete actions and continuous trajectories of the automaton. The invariant approach to proving the average dwell time property is illustrated by analyzing the hysteresis switching logic unit of a supervisory control system.
|
4,890
|
Please write an abstract with title: Direct Force and Pose NMPC with Multiple Interaction Modes for Aerial Push-and-Slide Operations, and key words: System dynamics, Friction, Force, Dynamics, End effectors, Trajectory, Impedance. Abstract: In this paper, we present a model predictive controller for a fully actuated aerial manipulator to track a hybrid force and pose trajectory at the end-effector in an aerial interaction task. A force sensor at the end-effector is used to detect contact and to directly control the interaction force. We propose an approach for automatic transition between three operation modes which reflect the state of contact constraints, including free flight and two modes for force control based on static or dynamic friction at the end-effector. This division into three modes allows for different mode-specific controller tunings to optimize the desired performance throughout an interaction task. Results from flight experiments which combine force, position, and attitude tracking, show the performance of the controller in terms of accuracy and precision. The performance is further benchmarked against a hybrid force/impedance controller.
|
4,891
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Minimax Lower Bound for Low-Rank Matrix-Variate Logistic Regression, and key words: Computers, Complexity theory, Matrix decomposition, Logistics. Abstract: This paper considers the problem of matrix-variate logistic regression. This paper derives the fundamental error threshold on estimating low-rank coefficient matrices in the logistic regression problem by deriving a lower bound on the minimax risk. The bound depends explicitly on the dimension and distribution of the covariates, the rank and energy of the coefficient matrix, and the number of samples. The resulting bound is proportional to the intrinsic degrees of freedom in the problem, which suggests the sample complexity of the low-rank matrix logistic regression problem can be lower than that for vectorized logistic regression. The proof techniques utilized in this work also set the stage for development of minimax lower bounds for tensor-variate logistic regression problems.
|
4,892
|
Please write an abstract with title: An intelligent logistics monitoring application technology for large power materials, and key words: Cloud computing, Real-time systems, Safety, Internet of Things, Vehicle dynamics, Monitoring, Wireless fidelity. Abstract: Power materials are not only large in volume and high in value, but also have a wide range of flow in their operation areas, many dangerous points, and complex factors affecting the safety and quality of distribution process. Therefore, it is very important to build an intelligent logistics monitoring system for power materials. In this paper, GPS, GIS, mobile communication, sensors and other related technologies are used to realize the intelligent logistics monitoring system for large- scale power materials, digitize the transportation status information of power materials, and dynamically monitor the power materials and environment during transportation, so as to ensure the transportation safety of large-scale power materials, reduce the incidence of accidents and improve the ability of accident emergency rescue, Strengthen the life cycle management of power equipment.
|
4,893
|
Please write an abstract with title: Accurate 3D Body Shape Regression using Metric and Semantic Attributes, and key words: Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Shape, Annotations, Shape measurement, Biological system modeling, Clothing. Abstract: While methods that regress 3D human meshes from images have progressed rapidly, the estimated body shapes often do not capture the true human shape. This is problematic since, for many applications, accurate body shape is as important as pose. The key reason that body shape accuracy lags pose accuracy is the lack of data. While humans can label 2D joints, and these constrain 3D pose, it is not so easy to “label” 3D body shape. Since paired data with images and 3D body shape are rare, we exploit two sources of information: (1) we collect internet images of diverse “fashion” models together with a small set of anthropometric measurements; (2) we collect linguistic shape attributes for a wide range of 3D body meshes and the model images. Taken together, these datasets provide sufficient constraints to infer dense 3D shape. We exploit the anthropometric measurements and linguistic shape attributes in several novel ways to train a neural network, called SHAPY, that regresses 3D human pose and shape from an RGB image. We evaluate SHAPY on public benchmarks, but note that they either lack significant body shape variation, ground-truth shape, or clothing variation. Thus, we collect a new dataset for evaluating 3D human shape estimation, called HBW, containing photos of “Human Bodies in the Wild” for which we have ground-truth 3D body scans. On this new benchmark, SHAPY significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods on the task of 3D body shape estimation. This is the first demonstration that 3D body shape regression from images can be trained from easy-to-obtain anthropometric measurements and linguistic shape attributes. Our model and data are available at: shapy.is.tue.mpg.de
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4,894
|
Please write an abstract with title: Repetitive Control Based Phase Voltage Modulation Amendment for FOC-Based Five-Phase PMSMs Under Single-Phase Open Fault, and key words: Circuit faults, Permanent magnet motors, Reluctance motors, Torque, Fault tolerance, Fault tolerant systems. Abstract: This article investigates the most elementary phase voltage modulation (PVM) for a more generic five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor drive under a single-phase open fault. Most works on this topic are intended for some specific motor types, and in most cases, it assumes the inverter can still be treated as a linear switching-mode power amplifier. This article figures out that due to an oscillating neutral, the phase voltage is unable to be linearly modulated, which is to say the simplest sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation is problematic to fit a newly developed well-decoupled model under single-phase open fault. To this end, a nonlinear transform incorporating the faulty phase voltage is theoretically proposed, which alleviates the influence of oscillating neutral on PVM, and several approaches to cancel the need for phase voltage sensors are comparatively investigated. Accordingly, the PVM with repetitive control and back electromotive force compensation is put forward to fix the “faulty inverter” in practice. Plausible PVM approaches are tested experimentally, and the superiority of the proposed PVM is confirmed by experimental results.
|
4,895
|
Please write an abstract with title: Research on Armature Recovery of a Coil Launcher, and key words: Payloads, Acceleration, Projectiles, Mathematical model, Electromagnetic forces, Capacitors. Abstract: At present, the boost payload of electromagnetic coil launcher mainly adopts integrated launching mode; that is, the armature and payload are integrated into a projectile to shoot out of the bore together. There are some problems with this kind of launching form, such as high parasitic mass and low efficiency of payload launching. In this article, a payload projection scheme of armature-load separation launching is proposed. When the armature and payload reach the peak velocity, the armature is separated from the payload by electromagnetic capture force, and the armature can be recovered and reused under certain conditions. A model of five-stage coil launcher is established and the interior trajectory characteristics of armature under the integrated launching and separation launching modes are compared by simulation. It is shown that the mass of armature will exaggerate the launching performance. The armature-load separated launching mode can effectively improve the launching efficiency. Then the armature recovery method is further proposed. The armature velocity is related to many factors such as mass ratio of armature and payload, driving voltage, and turns of the last coil stage. The study proves that under certain conditions, the armature can be recovered, which could improve the safety of launch.
|
4,896
|
Please write an abstract with title: Embedding motion in model-based stochastic tracking, and key words: Stochastic processes, Particle tracking, Filtering, Proposals, Particle filters, Motion measurement, Shape measurement, Image sampling, Computer vision, Robustness. Abstract: Particle filtering (PF) is now established as one of the most popular methods for visual tracking. Within this framework, two assumptions are generally made. The first is that the data are temporally independent given the sequence of object states, and the second one is the use of the transition prior as proposal distribution. In this paper, we argue that the first assumption does not strictly hold and that the second can be improved. We propose to handle both modeling issues using motion. Explicit motion measurements are used to drive the sampling process towards the new interesting regions of the image, while implicit motion measurements are introduced in the likelihood evaluation to model the data correlation term. The proposed model allows to handle abrupt motion changes and to filter out visual distractors when tracking objects with generic models based on shape representations. Experimental results compared against the CONDENSATION algorithm have demonstrated superior tracking performance.
|
4,897
|
Please write an abstract with title: An efficient algorithm to select phonetically balanced scripts for constructing a speech corpus, and key words: Natural languages, Speech synthesis, Speech processing, Large-scale systems, Databases, Speech recognition, Computer science, Statistics, Buildings, Research and development. Abstract: Here, we describe an efficient algorithm to select phonetically balanced scripts for collecting a large-scale multilingual speech corpus. It is expected to collect a multilingual speech corpus covering three most frequently used languages in Taiwan, including Taiwanese (Min-nan), Hakka, and Mandarin Chinese. To achieve the objective, the first step is to construct a multilingual phonetic alphabet, namely Formosa phonetic alphabet (ForPA). In addition, the multilingual lexicons (Fomosa lexicons) are also important parts for building the corpus. Until now, this corpus containing 600 speaker's speech of Taiwanese (Min-nan) and Mandarin Chinese has been finished and ready to release. There contains about 40 hours of speech in 247 thousand utterances in this release.
|
4,898
|
Please write an abstract with title: Bond-Integrity Testing of Sapphire Chips Mounted with Eutectic Preforms, and key words: Preforms, Wafer bonding, Packaging, Silicon, Semiconductor films, Temperature distribution, Circuit testing, Thermal force, Electric shock. Abstract: The 3000-5000 Å polysilicon film deposited on the back surface of a sapphire wafer during the polysilicon-gate deposition process is shown to provide a satisfactory bonding layer for eutectic mounting of silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) chips to gold-plated packages using Au-Si eutectic preforms, provided that the back-surface polysilicon film is maintained in the undoped state during subsequent wafer processing. N+doped polysilicon films provide less satisfactory bonding surfaces, passing all MIL-STD-883B environmental tests, but failing more severe tests which the undoped polysilicon films are shown to pass. Bare sapphire is shown to provide a surprisingly good bonding interface with Au-Si eutectic preforms giving MIL-STD-883B test results equivalent to the undoped polysilicon films and destructive-test results which were comparable to the n+ polysilicon films.
|
4,899
|
Please write an abstract with title: Introducing Peer Copy - A Fully Decentralized Peer-to-Peer File Transfer Tool, and key words: Tools, Peer-to-peer computing, Cryptography. Abstract: Peer Copy is a decentralized, peer-to-peer file transfer tool based on libp2p. It allows any two parties that are either both on the same network or connected via the internet to transfer the contents of a file based on a particular sequence of words. Peer discovery happens via multicast DNS if both peers are on the same network or via entries in the distributed hash table (DHT) of the InterPlanetary File-System (IPFS) if both peers are connected across network boundaries. As soon as a connection is established, the word sequence is used as the input for a password-authenticated key exchange (PAKE) to derive a strong session key. This session key authenticates the peers and encrypts any subsequent communication. It is found that the decentralized approach to peer-to-peer file transfer can keep up with established centralized tools while eliminating the reliance on centralized service providers.
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