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Please write an abstract with title: An efficient deniable authentication protocol, and key words: Authentication, Cryptographic protocols, Computational efficiency, Computational complexity, Cryptography, Internet, Information management, Computer science, Electronic mail, Electronic voting systems. Abstract: The aim of deniable authenticated protocol allows the receiver to identity the source of a given message but not prove the identity of the sender to a third party. In this article, we propose a new non-interactive deniable authenticated protocol based on Diffie-Hellman key distribution protocol. It has lower communication costs and computational complexity than previously proposed schemes.
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4,701
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Please write an abstract with title: Thermal Characterisation of the PRETTY Software-Defined Radio’s Receiving Channels, and key words: Temperature measurement, Temperature distribution, Atmospheric measurements, Satellite broadcasting, Receivers, Reflectometry, Gain measurement. Abstract: The main payload of the PRETTY satellite is for passive reflectometry. For this purpose, a Software-Defined Radio receiver with two receive channels and a custom-built two patch antenna to correlate the direct GPS signals and the reflected signal from Earth are used. A thorough characterisation of the receive channels is of utmost importance to identify the sources of error, especially the temperature influence. In particular, the amplitude of the digital output signal and the phase shift between the two input receive channels are characterised over the operating temperature range. A conversion of the measurement points at discrete steps in temperature, internal LNA gain and sampling rate into dedicated formulas for continuous representation of the measured values is presented in the paper.
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4,702
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Please write an abstract with title: Learning objects and standards: pedagogical neutrality and engagement, and key words: Electronic learning, Educational technology, Content management, Standards development, Cultural differences, Education, Software standards, Computer industry, Internet, Web sites. Abstract: This paper challenges the familiar claim that e-learning standards and systems can be pedagogically neutral. In the place of "neutral" standards, this paper advocates the development of pedagogically "engaged" or "committed" conceptions of content and systems that serve specifiable educational purposes, situations and methods.
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4,703
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Please write an abstract with title: Photophone Re-invented, and key words: Resistors, Earth, Transmitters, Capacitors, Printed circuits, Wires, Batteries. Abstract: The photophone, invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1880, is a telecommunication device that allows transmission of sound waves through beams of light. Two key concepts involved are modulation and demodulation. Modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform. Demodulation is extracting the original information-bearing signal from a carrier wave. There are two parts of a photophone, the receiver and the transmitter. The transmitter modulates the initial sound wave. The modulated signal is called the carrier signal. The carrier signal is a light wave carrying an audio clip. The light wave then is carried through a solar panel to an amplifier. The amplifier and capacitor demodulate the carrier signal, extracting the sound wave from the light wave. The sound wave is then sent to a speaker, playing the sound wave that was initially transmitted. The purpose of this project is to make a photophone that will serve as a basic prototype of an intergalactic photophone. Materials: Audio Amplifier Kit 3.3k Resistor 1k Resistor (3) 10k Resistors Trim Pot can be 5k, 10k, or $20\ \mathrm{k} 0. 1 \mu \mathrm{F}$ Capacitor 47uf Capacitor (2) 4.7uf Capacitor (2) 8 Pin IC Socket 9v Battery Snap 9v Battery Circuit Board Soldering Iron Solder Solar Module $0. 1 \mu \mathrm{F}$ Capacitor Speaker 22 AWG Wire 9V Battery Electrical Tape Aluminum Foil Rubber Band Plastic Water Bottle Cardboard Jumper Wire Alligator Clips Method: Create an Audio Amplifier (DIY Kit) Assemble the circuit board by placing each piece onto the corresponding location on a circuit board Solder each piece Attach a speaker to the circuit board Place the $0. 1 \mu$ Fcapacitor on the positive terminal of the microphone section of the amplifier Connect the other end of the $0. 1 \mu \mathrm{F}$ capacitor to the positive end of the solar panel Create a box out of cardboard. Then tape the solar panel to the end of the box. Add holes in the corners of the tube or box to allow a place for the alligator clips to connect to the solar panel Connect the negative end of the solar panel to the corresponding location of the amplifier Create a Transmitter Place a speaker behind a mirror. Adjust the transmitter until the sunlight is reflected down the box. Future Work/Applications: The photophone uses light waves to transmit sound over a certain area and time. This can be applied on a large scale. Challenges with using light waves to carry sound clips include that light on Mars can take over 3 minutes to travel between Earth and Mars. In spite of this, a future application can be an intergalactic photophone in which a person can transmit light waves across our solar system and be able to communicate with people back on Earth. This can be tested on the ISS, the moon and even a colony on Mars.
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4,704
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Please write an abstract with title: Void Space Surfaces to Convey Depth in Vessel Visualizations, and key words: Image color analysis, Visualization, Data visualization, Surface morphology, Shape, Rendering (computer graphics), Biomedical imaging. Abstract: To enhance depth perception and thus data comprehension, additional depth cues are often used in 3D visualizations of complex vascular structures. There is a variety of different approaches described in the literature, ranging from chromadepth color coding over depth of field to glyph-based encodings. Unfortunately, the majority of existing approaches suffers from the same problem: As these cues are directly applied to the geometry's surface, the display of additional information on the vessel wall, such as other modalities or derived attributes, is impaired. To overcome this limitation we propose Void Space Surfaces which utilizes empty space in between vessel branches to communicate depth and their relative positioning. This allows us to enhance the depth perception of vascular structures without interfering with the spatial data and potentially superimposed parameter information. With this article, we introduce Void Space Surfaces, describe their technical realization, and show their application to various vessel trees. Moreover, we report the outcome of two user studies which we have conducted in order to evaluate the perceptual impact of Void Space Surfaces compared to existing vessel visualization techniques and discuss expert feedback.
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4,705
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Please write an abstract with title: Modification of the SEMN method to speed up numerical calculations, and key words: Microstrip antennas, Microstrip antenna arrays, Linear systems, Patch antennas, Integral equations, Antenna theory, Computational efficiency, Magnetic fields, Boundary conditions, Acceleration. Abstract: The SEMN (Surface Equivalence principle and Multiport Network theory) method is potentially able to analyze arbitrary shaped microstrip, antennas. However, due to large computations involved, it is limited to symmetric structures. Here, the SEMN method is further developed to improve computational efficiency. The numerical calculations of SEMN are accelerated without accuracy and functionality loss by two techniques. The speed of calculations, which is more than fifty times faster than before, enables us to analyze arbitrary shaped microstrip patch antennas or arrays. The modified technique is applied to a rectangular patch and the results are compared with the original approach. Excellent agreement between the two cases is achieved.
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4,706
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Please write an abstract with title: CENTRIS: A Precise and Scalable Approach for Identifying Modified Open-Source Software Reuse, and key words: Scalability, Pressing, Security, Software reusability, Open source software, Software engineering, Software development management. Abstract: Open-source software (OSS) is widely reused as it provides convenience and efficiency in software development. Despite evident benefits, unmanaged OSS components can introduce threats, such as vulnerability propagation and license violation. Unfortunately, however, identifying reused OSS components is a challenge as the reused OSS is predominantly modified and nested. In this paper, we propose CENTRIS, a precise and scalable approach for identifying modified OSS reuse. By segmenting an OSS code base and detecting the reuse of a unique part of the OSS only, CENTRIS is capable of precisely identifying modified OSS reuse in the presence of nested OSS components. For scalability, CENTRIS eliminates redundant code comparisons and accelerates the search using hash functions. When we applied CENTRIS on 10,241 widely-employed GitHub projects, comprising 229,326 versions and 80 billion lines of code, we observed that modified OSS reuse is a norm in software development, occurring 20 times more frequently than exact reuse. Nonetheless, CENTRIS identified reused OSS components with 91% precision and 94% recall in less than a minute per application on average, whereas a recent clone detection technique, which does not take into account modified and nested OSS reuse, hardly reached 10% precision and 40% recall.
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4,707
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Please write an abstract with title: Reliable Estimation of Dissipation Factor of In-service Power Transformer, and key words: Voltage measurement, Fitting, Estimation, High-voltage techniques, Aging, Oil insulation, Reliability. Abstract: Insulation failure is a severe threat to high voltage equipment, and its protection using a reliable and efficient diagnostic tool has always been the interest to power utilities. Many traditional and newer techniques are available. Due to the complex aging process of oil-paper insulation, experts generally perform assessments after carefully evaluating measurement data. The paper presents a methodology to analyze recovery voltage measurement data to estimate aging sensitive performance parameters (dissipation factor).
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4,708
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Please write an abstract with title: Proceedings 2003 International Conference on Computer Networks and Mobile Computing. ICCNMC 2003, and key words: Data security, Mobile communication, Protocols, Communication system routing. Abstract: The following topics are dealt with: medium access control (MAC); wireless network; network security; quality of service (QoS); multicast routing; router and switch; network application; mobile computing; peer-to-peer (P2P) system; overlay network; performance model and evaluation; transport control protocol (TCP); traffic control; multimedia applications; and performance testing.
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4,709
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Please write an abstract with title: A deep learning approach to increase luminescence image resolution of solar cells, and key words: Luminescence, Spatial resolution, Imaging, Deep learning, Photovoltaic cells, Photovoltaic systems, Hardware. Abstract: Luminescence imaging is an indispensable method to inspect solar cells and determine their critical electrical parameters. Low spatial resolution of images may limit the identification of small features and defects. On the other hand, high spatial resolution images often require expensive imaging systems. To that end, we present a deep learning approach to increase the spatial resolution of luminescence images with no additional hardware requirements. This study provides a simple and cost-effective method to enhance the capability of existing luminescence imaging systems using deep learning.
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4,710
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Please write an abstract with title: Microwave Automatic Impedance Measuring Schemes Using Three Fixed Probes (Correction), and key words: Impedance measurement, Microwave measurements, Probes, Educational institutions, Biomedical measurements, Paramagnetic resonance, Radiology. Abstract: In the above paper, the Acknowledgment Section should have appeared as follows.
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4,711
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Please write an abstract with title: Design and Application of the Deep Rover Submersible, and key words: Animals, Oceans, Underwater vehicles, Aluminum, Humans, Sampling methods, Personnel, Sea surface, Design engineering, Contracts. Abstract: Deep Rover represents a new generation of agile, deep diving, user friendly microsubmersibles. From the combined feedback of a deep water scientist and an offshore oilfield service company executive, a leading submersible designer developed the quantum leap concept of Deep Rover. With over 100 logged working dives behind her, Deep Rover has proven herself in both commercial and scientific diving. This paper gives a brief history of submersible evolution, then describes the design and applications of Deep Rover.
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4,712
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Please write an abstract with title: Performance of the SegNet in the Segmentation of Breast Ultrasound Lesions, and key words: Image segmentation, Ultrasonic imaging, Medical services, Breast, Feature extraction, Generative adversarial networks, Performance analysis. Abstract: This work presents a performance analysis of a convolutional neural network (CNN), named SegNet, applied for automatic segmentation of breast ultrasound images. Defining the viability of CNN's could help with feature extraction and posterior classification of lesions, causing a decrease in the number of unnecessary biopsies. The breast ultrasound (BUS) dataset consists of 2054 images from 659 female patients, and each image was manually segmented by an experienced radiologist. The dataset is fed into the CNN without any filtering process applied to it and the test output is then compared with the radiologist's labels. We compared the results of different loss and activation functions, and the experiments reveal that the best performance was achieved using dice loss function, with dice coefficient of 81.1%.
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4,713
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Please write an abstract with title: Out-of-domain detection based on confidence measures from multiple topic classification, and key words: Natural languages, Support vector machines, Support vector machine classification, Routing, Informatics, Laboratories, Mathematics, Interpolation, User interfaces, Predictive models. Abstract: One significant problem for spoken language systems is how to cope with users' OOD (out-of-domain) utterances which cannot be handled by the back-end system. In this paper, we propose a novel OOD detection framework, which makes use of classification confidence scores of multiple topics and trains a linear discriminant in-domain verifier using gradient probabilistic descent (GPD). Training is based on deleted interpolation of the in-domain data, and thus does not require actual OOD data, providing high portability. Three topic classification schemes of word N-gram models, latent semantic analysis (LSA), and support vector machines (SVM) are evaluated, and SVM is shown to have the greatest discriminative ability. In an OOD detection task, the proposed approach achieves an absolute reduction in equal error rate (EER) of 6.5% compared to a baseline method based on a simple combination of multiple-topic classifications. Furthermore, comparison with a system trained using OOD data demonstrates that the proposed training scheme realizes comparable performance while requiring no knowledge of the OOD data set.
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4,714
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Please write an abstract with title: ASOP: A Sovereign and Secure Device Onboarding Protocol for Cloud-based IoT Services, and key words: Cloud computing, Protocols, Supply chains, Public key, Crystals, NIST, Internet of Things. Abstract: The existing high-friction device onboarding process hinders the promise and potentiality of Internet of Things (IoT). Even after several attempts by various device manufacturers and working groups, no widely adopted standard solution came to fruition. The latest attempt by Fast Identity Online (FIDO) Alliance [2] promises a ‘zero touch’ solution for mass market IoT customers, but the burden is transferred to the intermediary supply chain (i.e. they have to maintain infrastructure for managing keys and digital signatures called ‘Ownership Voucher’ for all devices). The specification relies on a ‘Rendezvous Server’ mimicking the notion of ‘Domain Name System (DNS) server’. This essentially means resurrecting all existing possible attack scenarios associated with DNS, which include Denial of Service (DoS) attack, and Correlation attack. ‘Ownership Voucher’ poses the risk that some intermediary supply chain agents may act maliciously and reject the transfer of ownership or sign with a wrong key. Furthermore, the deliberate use of the weak elliptic curve SECP256r1/SECP384r1 (also known as NIST P-256/384) [3] in the specification raises questions. As part of the ongoing work under the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research funded project PHY2APP [1], we introduce ASOP: a sovereign and secure device onboarding protocol for IoT devices without blindly trusting the device manufacturer, supply chain, and cloud service provider. The ASOP protocol allows onboarding an IoT device to a cloud server with the help of an authenticator owned by the user. This paper outlines the preliminary development of the protocol and its high-level description. Our ‘zero-trust’ and ‘human-in-the-loop’ approach guarantees that the device owner does not remain at the mercy of third-party infrastructures, and it utilises recently standardized post-quantum cryptographic suite (CRYSTALS) to secure connection and messages.
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4,715
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Please write an abstract with title: Data-Driven Fault-Tolerant Tracking Control for Linear Parameter-Varying Systems, and key words: Fault tolerant systems, Fault tolerance, Actuators, Closed loop systems, Control systems, Servomotors, DC motors. Abstract: This article proposes a data-driven passive fault-tolerant tracking controller for single-input single-output (SISO) discrete-time linear systems with slowly-varying unknown parameters in the presence of actuator faults. Initially, a parameterized controller is considered. Using the internal model principle, the controller structure is determined such that the passive-fault-tolerance and tracking objectives are achieved. The obtained fixed-structure controller is utilized for both normal and faulty conditions without using any feedback from the fault information. Thus, the controller is simple to implement and responds fast to the effects of faults. Then, using a data-driven technique and based on the input/output (I/O) data, the controller parameters are adjusted online to tackle the problem of parameter variation. A data-based constraint on the controller parameters is proposed for ensuring the stability of the closed-loop system. The proposed technique is extended to multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems using the sequential loop closing concept and the relay auto-tuning method. Simulation results of applying the proposed controller to a direct current (DC) servo motor and a three-tank system demonstrate its effectiveness.
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4,716
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Please write an abstract with title: Incorporating TCSC into the voltage stability constrained OPF formulation, and key words: Power capacitors, Thyristors, Power system stability, Control systems, Load flow, Optimal control, Voltage control, Topology, Testing, Security. Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) on the voltage stability constrained optimal power flow (OPF) formulation where the objective function is to minimize power system load curtailment. Incorporating TCSC affects the topology and hence the power flow distribution. Some numerical cases are presented to discuss the effects of TCSC that is expected when it is incorporated into the load curtailment formulation. The test result reflects the impacts TCSC has in reducing load curtailment during a line congestion situation. The paper also discusses the applicability of the approach in security based reliability studies for systems having control components like TCSC.
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4,717
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Please write an abstract with title: Application of Gradient Tree in Credit Evaluation of Chinese Peasant Households, and key words: Predictive models, Regression tree analysis, Indexes, Production, Economics, Finance, Data models. Abstract: The traditional peasant household credit evaluation is not only subjective, but also complex, time-consuming and inefficient with the help of experts' experience. In this paper, the research data of China family survey and research center are used to establish an evaluation model of China's peasant household credit with the help of the gradient tree model in the machine learning algorithm, and the AUC and F1 score are used to verify the evaluation results of the model. The empirical results show that the gradient tree model has a good prediction ability in peasant household credit evaluation, and it can be used as a new evaluation method in peasant household credit evaluation in China.
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4,718
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Please write an abstract with title: Scattering of waves by rough surface based on a hybrid UV/SMCG method, and key words: Scattering, Surface waves, Rough surfaces, Surface roughness, Land surface, Acceleration, Moment methods, Sampling methods, Surface impedance, Interpolation. Abstract: In simulations of 3D rough surface scattering, a fast algorithm developed to accelerate method of moments (MoM) solutions is the sparse-matrix canonical grid method (SMCG). We have also developed a multilevel UV method (Tsang, L. et al., Radio Sci., vol.39, no.5, 2004), in which fast coarse-coarse sampling is used to search the rank of each impedance block, and construct matrices U and V to compress each block based on an interpolation technique. We demonstrate a hybrid UV/SMCG technique in the 3D scattering problem of a Gaussian random rough surface with an exponential correlation function and with a Gaussian correlation function. It has been shown that surfaces with exponential correlation functions are applicable to land surfaces such as soil surfaces and the interface between snow and ground. The frequency dependencies of scattering using a single set of physical parameters are illustrated in the simulations. The numerical simulation results are compared with the small perturbation method (SPM) and the Kirchhoff approximation (KA).
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4,719
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Please write an abstract with title: A technique to increase the dispersion and to reduce the penalties associated with group delay ripple in dispersion compensating gratings, and key words: Delay, Fiber gratings, Chirp, Optical fiber devices, Bit error rate, Degradation, Frequency, Temperature, Capacitive sensors, High speed optical techniques. Abstract: We describe a simple technique for reducing the system penalties caused by the group delay ripple of dispersion compensating gratings whilst increasing their dispersion. We demonstrate that the ripple can be smoothened in a combination of a pair of unapodised chirped fiber Bragg gratings by applying a small temperature or strain gradient along one grating. The pair is cascaded in a 4-port optical circulator, where data is consecutively reflected. Simulated results from the transmission of a 10 Gb/s NRZ signal over 160 km of a repeaterless conventional fiber indicate eye-opening and BER performance improvement by using such a scheme.
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4,720
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Please write an abstract with title: Characterization of the module/array simulator using I-V magnifier circuit of a pn photo-sensor, and key words: Circuit simulation, Temperature dependence, Circuit synthesis, Feedback control, Power generation, Lighting control, Light emitting diodes, Sun, Voltage, Gain. Abstract: In this paper, circuit design, dynamic response and photo-sensor temperature dependence of a 30 W module/array simulator circuit using an I-V magnifier circuit are described. By using a small photo-sensor in the circuit, the circuit was much simplified. Each gain of voltage and current was independently adjustable using the feedback control of the current signal. Simulator output power was controlled by an LED irradiation light which works like irradiation of sun light on real Si PV modules. The photo-current of the pn photo-sensor was below 100 micro ampere, hence, the current gain of the simulator needed more than 30 dB. The voltage gain was not more than 3 dB because a multi junction pn photo-sensor was used. The simulator output showed typical temperature dependence characteristics of PV modules by controlling photo-sensor temperature. The dynamic response of the short circuit current was measured and it was confirmed that the circuit has enough responsibility to apply the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) evaluation. A grand line of each module is isolated, hence any topology of connections is available. This circuit simplifies the control system and makes it easy to handle multi simulator units by one personal computer.
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4,721
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Please write an abstract with title: Monitoring Live Parking Availability by Vision-based Vehicular Crowdsensing, and key words: Connected vehicles, Atmospheric measurements, Simulation, Particle measurements, Distance measurement, Object tracking, Intelligent sensors. Abstract: The live availability of parking spots is a key enabler of a variety of intelligent parking solutions. A body of research has explored the possibility of using connected vehicles as mobile sensors to measure parking availability. It removes the need for dedicated roadway sensors, achieving wide sensing coverage in a cost-efficient manner. However, the existing crowd-sourcing solutions typically rely on on-board ranging sensors such as radars, lidars and/or sonars to measure locations of the surrounding parked vehicles. In order to lower the barrier for connected vehicles to participate in the crowd-sourced parking availability sensing, this paper investigates a range-free approach to identifying spot-level parking availability. We employ a monocular RGB camera installed in a vehicle and a computer vision-based object tracking mechanism to perceive the surrounding parked vehicles. Analyzing the time series of object tracking results and matching them with a digital map of a parking facility, the system identifies availability of each spot without requiring depth information. The simulation results show that the proposed range-free parking availability sensing system can detect spot-level parking availability with the average accuracy of 83%.
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4,722
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Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of wafer-level spatial I/sub DDQ/ estimation methods: NNR versus NCR, and key words: Nearest neighbor searches, Life testing, Computer science, Signal to noise ratio, Degradation, Fault diagnosis, Logic, Equations, Joining processes. Abstract: Extending the useful life of I/sub DDQ/ test to deep submicron technologies has been a topic of interest in recent years. I/sub DDQ/ test loses its effectiveness as the signal to noise ratio degrades due to rising background current and fault-free I/sub DDQ/ variance. Defect detection using I/sub DDQ/ test requires separation of deterministic sources of variation from defective current. Several methods that use deterministic variation in I/sub DDQ/ at the wafer level for estimating fault-free I/sub DDQ/ of a chip are proposed. This paper compares two such methods: nearest neighbor residual (NNR) and neighbor current ratio (NCR). These methods are evaluated using industrial test data for a recent technology.
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4,723
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Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Path Planning Algorithm Based on RRT, and key words: Costs, Heuristic algorithms, Stars, Search problems, Path planning, Planning, Information and communication technology. Abstract: The rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) algorithm can quickly complete the task of path planning through random sampling. However, only part of the cost is considered in the selection process of RRT nodes, which may cause inefficiency in some environments. In response to this problem, this paper proposes a new hybrid path planning algorithm based on the rapid expansion of random tree algorithm. This algorithm introduces heuristic search ideas on the basis of RRT's random expansion search to ensure the overall efficiency of the search. Experiments show that in some environments, the algorithm can plan a more efficient path in a shorter time.
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4,724
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Please write an abstract with title: Distributed sensor databases for multi-robot teams, and key words: Distributed databases, Sensor arrays, Robot sensing systems, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Image sensors, Robotics and automation, Mobile robots, Humans, Bandwidth, Unmanned aerial vehicles. Abstract: We describe our implementation of a distributed sensor database that was designed to support the activities of teams of mobile robots as they explore an environment. Importantly, this approach effectively separates the process of acquiring sensor data from that of exploiting it. This allows us to develop applications where robots and human users can automatically discover and utilize sensor measurements acquired by other robots in the team. We also explain our approach to implementing distributed queries, an important capability that allows us to perform queries in a way that makes best use of the limited available communication bandwidth. Finally, we briefly describe how we have used this system to support situational awareness tasks.
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4,725
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Please write an abstract with title: Applying Web Crawler Technologies for Compiling Parallel Corpora as one Stage of Natural Language Processing, and key words: Crawlers, Semantics, Web pages, Finance, Search engines, Search problems, Natural language processing. Abstract: over the past decade, the amount of information on the internet has increased. A large amount of unstructured data, referred to as big data on the web, has been created. Finding and extracting data on the internet is called information retrieval. In the search for information, there are web crawler tools, which are a program that scans information on the internet and downloads web documents automatically. Search robot applications can be used in various fields, such as news, finance, medicine, etc. In this article, we will discuss the basic principle and characteristics of search engines as an example to build parallel corpora, as well as the classification of modern popular crawlers, strategies and current applications of crawlers. Finally, we will end this article with a discussion of future directions for research on crawlers.
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4,726
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Please write an abstract with title: Multi-infeed AC/DC system dynamic performances and the study of control coordination, and key words: Control systems, Power system modeling, Damping, HVDC transmission, Power systems, Hybrid power systems, Voltage, Power transmission lines, Power system interconnection, Power system planning. Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the dynamic performances and use the fast control actions of the multi converter controllers to improve the performances in the MIAC/DC system. A simple MIAC/DC model is presented is this paper to meet the demand of the study. On the basis of this model, some typical cases are studied. Furthermore, a coordinated control strategy is presented to effectively solve synchronizing problem and damping problem.
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4,727
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Please write an abstract with title: RCS Reduction of 2×2 Microstrip Antenna Array Using All Dielectric Metasurface, and key words: Microstrip antenna arrays, Microstrip antennas, Microstrip, Reflection, Surface waves, Dielectrics. Abstract: This paper proposes a method to reduce the radar cross section (RCS) of a 2×2 microstrip antenna array around 20 GHz. The presented design is based on reflection phase cancellation principle and uses an all dielectric unit cell. Two perforated unit cells with 0° and 180° reflection phases are used and their geometrical parameters are optimized carefully to have 180° ± 30° reflection phase difference between their reflection phases, which is required to realize the phase cancellation. A 2×2 microstrip array is designed at 20 GHz and the proposed unit cell is distributed around the antennas in Chessboard like surface. A clear monostatic RCS reduction is achieved from about 18 GHz to 27 GHz with low level backscattered EM wave in the half space in front of the antenna array under both normal and oblique incidence of far-field plane wave. In the presented technique, no metallic inclusions are used on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate next to the antenna array radiating elements. Compared to the previously published works which used metallic inclusions next to radiating elements, the presented design has less effect on the radiation characteristics of the antenna array.
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4,728
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Please write an abstract with title: Solving Raven's Progressive Matrices Using RNN Reasoning Network, and key words: Training, Neuroscience, Computational modeling, Brain modeling, Cognition, Encoding, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: Although enormous progress has been made by Deep Neural Networks (DNN) in basic perception tasks, they are long criticized for lack of reasoning quality and interpretability. Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPMs) are standard tests for assessing human Intelligence Quotient, also acting as a tool to evaluate Artificial Intelligence. Existing methods of pure DNN combining perception and reasoning are difficult to confirm DNN's ability of logical reasoning. Hybrid DNN methods reasoning by algorithms, not DNN. Existing methods use end-to-end training, while perception and reasoning are detached modules functionally and neurologically. Here we propose a method of separating visual perception by a perfect convolutional neural network perception module abstracting RPMs to panel-level interpretable encoding and inferring it with our Recurrent Neural Network reasoning model. With a trained perfect perception module, our model attaches great performance on the RPM dataset Impartial-RAVEN of 96.72% and RAVEN of 90.77%. Our method tests the abstract reasoning quality of DNN s and also provides a platform for further research in neuroscience.
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4,729
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Please write an abstract with title: Low-Complexity Multi-symbol Output Complex-Valued Neural Network for Nonlinear Equalization in 100G Coherent Photonic-assisted W-band Fiber-wireless Integrated Communication, and key words: Europe, Artificial neural networks, Optical fiber networks, Multitasking, Computational complexity, Photonics. Abstract: A low-complexity multi-symbol complex-valued NN nonlinear-equalizer is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in coherent photonics-assisted MMW communication. Effective nonlinear compensation is demonstrated for 100Gbps 16-QAM photonic-assisted W-band signal after fiber-wireless integrated transmission, while the computational complexity is reduced by up to 78.1% compared with single-output NN.
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4,730
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Please write an abstract with title: Considerations for conduction mechanisms under AC high field for low density polyethylene, and key words: Polyethylene, Electrodes, Space charge, Polymer films, Dielectrics, Mechanical factors, Signal generators, Harmonic analysis, Moisture, Cable insulation. Abstract: Dissipation current waveform observation method, which has been developed by authors, is very powerful technique to detect high field nonlinear dielectric property and by using this method, not only the various kinds of numerical processing but also the observation on the various kinds of experimental condition by using arbitrary function generator are possible. In this paper, in order to discuss the charge injection and the space charge formation, the electrode's metal dependences were examined from the results of FFT analysis, that is, the fundamental and third harmonics of dissipation current. Furthermore, in order to clarify the effect of cross-linking by-product, LDPE sheet with and without acetophenone is also examined. In this case, differential parts of dissipation current after the soaking the samples into the acetophenone were carefully estimated under various conditions. From the results of these experiments, it was confirmed that the effect of acetophenone will be varied with the presence of moisture.
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4,731
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Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation of a next generation public wireless multi-ISP network, and key words: Next generation networking, Wireless networks, Web and internet services, Wireless LAN, Layout, IP networks, Contracts, Network servers, Routing, Joining processes. Abstract: As IEEE introduced the 802.11 WLAN standard in 1997 the wireless scene began to grow rapidly. Internet service providers (ISP) opened the game by building wireless access networks for their customers. Access to the ISP networks is usually limited only to ISP customers: On the other hand, the ISP networks are easy to administer. The next trend in wireless is public community networks built by individuals. The community networks are open for everyone, but the main problem is the lack of centralized management. However, an open and centrally managed wireless network can be built by using a specialized solution taking care of the network management. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the "Lappeenranta model" allowing next generation centrally managed wireless multi-ISP networks, which are open to the public. As the solution offers new opportunities to all the participants connected to the network, the paper also evaluates the influences to each of them.
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4,732
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Please write an abstract with title: A Robust Method for Blindly Estimating Speech Transmission Index using Convolutional Neural Network with Temporal Amplitude Envelope, and key words: Convolution, Noise measurement, Frequency modulation, Signal to noise ratio, Robustness, Reverberation. Abstract: We have developed a robust scheme for blindly estimating the speech transmission index (STI) based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) with temporal amplitude envelope as features. When assessing the quality of acoustics in a room where there are people present, STI needs to be estimated without measuring the room impulse response (RIR) or using a modulation transfer function (MTF). This estimation can be problematic because a blind method based on the MTF has low accuracy when the stochastic models of RIR and the background noise are mismatched to real sound environments. We improve the accuracy of STI estimation in noisy reverberant spaces by using a CNN that takes the entire temporal amplitude envelope of an observed speech signal as its input. Simulations were performed to evaluate the proposed scheme and results showed that it can maintain the appropriate accuracy under various realistic room acoustic conditions with an average RMSE of 0.12 and correlation of 0.87. These results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can robustly and blindly estimate STIs in noisy reverberant environments.
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4,733
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Please write an abstract with title: A constructive algorithm for feedforward neural networks, and key words: Neural networks, Feedforward neural networks, Jacobian matrices, Computational efficiency, Pursuit algorithms, Redundancy, Mathematics, Computational modeling, Network topology, Heuristic algorithms. Abstract: In this paper, a training and pruning algorithm is proposed for feedforward neural networks based on Jacobian rank deficiency. Redundant nodes are pruned during the training process, and computational cost of the training algorithm is reduced significantly. Simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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4,734
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Please write an abstract with title: Minimax sampling with arbitrary spaces [signal sampling and reconstruction], and key words: Minimax techniques, Sampling methods, Signal sampling, Signal processing, Signal design, Reconstruction algorithms, Kernel, Cities and towns, Interpolation, Hilbert space. Abstract: We consider non-ideal sampling and reconstruction schemes in which the sampling and reconstruction spaces as well as the input signal can be arbitrary. To obtain a good reconstruction of the signal in the reconstruction space, from arbitrary samples, we suggest processing the samples prior to reconstruction with a linear transformation that is designed to minimize the worst-case squared-norm error between the reconstructed signal, and the best possible (but usually unattainable) approximation of the signal in the reconstruction space. We show both theoretically and through a simulation that if the input signal does not lie in the reconstruction space, then this method can outperform the consistent reconstruction method previously proposed for this problem.
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4,735
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Please write an abstract with title: A Change Management Model for Information Systems Implementation, and key words: Change Management Model, Implementation, Information Systems, Information System Academic. Abstract: The use of information systems (IS) in education to support the learning process and administration has been widely carried out. The implementation of IS requires many interrelated processes. Failure in implementing IS can lead to negative impacts for higher education, both material, time and other resources. Change is one of the impacts of IS implementation that must be considered. The success of implementing IS depends on how far the change can be managed successfully. Therefore, guidelines are needed to manage changes in IS implementation. A change management model for IS implementation is proposed in this paper. There are 8 domains and 20 aspects of the model that are arranged based on three existing management models. Important factors from previous research related to the change management of IS implementation have been mapped in aspects of the model.
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4,736
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Please write an abstract with title: Numerical Simulation of Laser Generated Photoacoustic Ultrasound Using COMSOL Multiphysics, and key words: Ultrasonic imaging, Absorption, Laser modes, Numerical simulation, Numerical models, Finite element analysis, Photonics. Abstract: Laser generated ultrasound (LGU) is being widely studied as an alternative method to piezoelectric based ultrasound. In this study, a two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model has been developed to investigate the laser induced ultrasound.
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4,737
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Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of fault tolerance improvement in distributed over network data storage, and key words: Fault tolerance, System performance, Systems operation, Fault tolerant systems, Memory, Writing, Mathematical models. Abstract: The research object is distributed software-defined storage system and fault tolerance improvement in distributed over network data storage. The article is devoted to solving the optimization problem regarding system performance and ensuring a high level of data storage reliability. The required MTBF (mean time between failures) level of the data storage is determined. The presented mathematical model, obtained from extensive testing and simulation, calculates the system availability for various values of the replication factors. Conclusions are drawn, including the prospects for further research.
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4,738
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Please write an abstract with title: GeSn Laser Technologies for Integrated Photonics, and key words: Lasers, System-on-chip, Substrates, Photonics. Abstract: We present our latest results on GeSn laser technologies, including high-quality GeSn-on-insulator substrates and improved microdisk and nanobeam GeSn lasers.
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4,739
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Please write an abstract with title: An Incentive Approach in Mobile Crowdsensing for Perceptual User, and key words: Privacy, Differential privacy, Correlation, Crowdsensing, Conferences, Computational modeling, Data protection. Abstract: The privacy protection of perceptual user and their enthusiasm improvement for participating in perceptual tasks are two important problems in MCS (Mobile Crowdsensing) network. A mechanism of local differential privacy protection of attribute correlation can generate perceptual results with higher precision of attribute correlation and protect perceptual users’ privacy data. A flow compensation incentive model for perceptual users’ privacy data protection based on opportunity cooperation transmission can reduce the flow compensation expenditure of MCS and improve perceptual users’ enthusiasm. Experiments show that our approach improves the perceptual result precision, reduces MCS overhead, and reduces flow compensation cost compared with the related approaches.
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4,740
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Please write an abstract with title: Josephson voltage standard circuit operation with a pulse tube cooler, and key words: Voltage, Pulse circuits, Dielectric losses, Thermal conductivity, Josephson junctions, Refrigeration, Microwave circuits, Temperature, Propagation losses. Abstract: For a more wide-spread use of Josephson voltage standards, cryogen-free operation, by means of an appropriate closed-cycle refrigerator, is highly desirable. In this work we present a low-noise pulse tube cooler (PTC) that is capable to cool the voltage standard circuits to temperatures below 4 K. As a low loss dielectric waveguide with a very small thermal conductivity a Teflon strip was used for the microwave transmission. The matched transition from the WR12 rectangular waveguide to the Teflon strip and vice versa was made using special exponential tapers. Programmable 1 Volt 14 bit SINIS and 10 Volt SIS arrays assembled in the PTC operated well, i.e., demonstrated a similar performance to that measured in liquid helium. The Josephson junction arrays were integrated in coplanar strips instead of the commonly used microstriplines for the microwave transmission lines. The 1 Volt SINIS array contained 8192 Josephson junctions (JJs). It generated an inherently stable Josephson voltage step of 1.19 V at a driving microwave frequency of 70 GHz. The step width was 150 /spl mu/A and the critical current of the junctions was 550 /spl mu/A. Similar results were obtained under liquid helium cooling conditions. In another experiment a 10 Volt voltage standard chip with 19700 SIS JJs was installed. It was possible to generate stable Shapiro steps at the 10 V level.
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4,741
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Please write an abstract with title: Multiuser interference during synchronization phase in UWB impulse radio, and key words: Multiple access interference, Bit error rate, AWGN, Signal to noise ratio, Performance analysis, RAKE receivers, Multipath channels, Performance gain, Ultra wideband technology, Wireless communication. Abstract: This paper analyzes the receiver's ability to differentiate between multiple users in ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse radio (IR) during the initial synchronization phase after a cold start, i.e., when the receiver is not yet synchronized with the user of interest. Because of multiple access interference (MAI), the receiver may combine the pulses of other users in a partially coherent way. In this case, the receiver should be able to reject all the interfering users in order to synchronize with the user of interest. For pseudo-random time-hopping (TH) spreading codes, the expected performance of the receiver to differentiate between the user of interest and the interfering users is analyzed and some relations with the code properties are shown. Numerical results for a multipath propagation channel and MAI are provided.
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4,742
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Please write an abstract with title: Modelling the Admission Ratio in NFV-Based Converged Optical-Wireless 5G Networks, and key words: 5G mobile communication, Analytical models, Network function virtualization, Passive optical networks, Resource management, Optimization. Abstract: Network Function Virtualization (NFV)-based 5G networks deliver specific services to a end-users through the creation of Service Function Chains (SFCs), which are composed of a number of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) interconnected via a set of virtual links (vLinks). VNFs consume computational resources of the network's servers, while vLinks utilize the communicational resources of the network. The efficient utilization of network resources remains a challenge in NFV-based networks. To this end, in this paper, we propose an analytical framework for the Admission Ratio (AR) calculation in NFV-based converged optical-wireless 5G networks. The proposed methodology employs a network slicing architecture in which different network slices form end-to-end logically isolated networks and each slice delivers a specific service type to the users through its SFC(s). In the proposed analysis, we not only take into account the occupancy distribution in both the network's computational and communicational domains (servers and fiber links), but we also consider the SFC establishment AR by taking into account different sub-service-classes belonging to different slices. The accuracy of the model is evaluated through the comparison of analytical and simulation results and was found satisfactory. Furthermore, the proposed model is employed for the determination of the optimal (minimum) capacity for all SFCs elements (VNFs and vLinks), in a way that users belonging to a specific slice experience a predefined value of AR as minimum. Additionally, our calculations deploy recursive formulas, which have a low computational complexity, as opposed to time-consuming simulations, without requiring the application of complex optimization algorithms.
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4,743
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Please write an abstract with title: A parameterized algebra for event notification services, and key words: Algebra, Logistics, Temperature sensors, Software libraries, Filtering, Database systems, Clocks. Abstract: Event notification services are used in various applications such as digital libraries, stock tickers, traffic control, or facility management. However to our knowledge, a common semantics of events in event notification services has not been defined so far. We propose a parameterized event algebra which describes the semantics of composite events for event notification systems. The parameters serve as a basis for flexible handling of duplicates in both primitive and composite events.
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4,744
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Please write an abstract with title: Development of a Multipath Antenna System based on a Dielectric Lens Using the Method of Quasi-conformal Optical Transformations, and key words: Microwave measurement, Microwave antennas, Antenna measurements, Time-frequency analysis, Stimulated emission, Radar, Radar antennas. Abstract: In modern radar, navigation and communication systems, there is often a need for multipath antennas - such antennas that can form several radiation patterns (rays). At the same time, an important quality of modern antennas is the ability to work in a wide frequency range. Antennas that meet such requirements can be constructed using dielectric structures that form a radiation pattern. In this paper, a variant of the synthesis of such a structure based on the Luneberg lens using the method of quasi-conformal optical transformations is proposed. The resulting structure has a flat surface, which facilitates the construction of an aperture multipath system due to the linear arrangement of the emitters, but at the same time retains the basic properties of the Luneberg lens. The paper also presents the results of mathematical modeling of such a multipath antenna system. The results show that the system is capable of forming multiple radiation patterns in a wide range of angles.
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4,745
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Please write an abstract with title: FPGA Placement Optimization with Deep Reinforcement Learning, and key words: Costs, Annealing, Convolution, Reinforcement learning, Simulated annealing, Logic gates, Video recording. Abstract: The Simulated annealing algorithm has been widely used in FPGA placement. In this paper, we use deep reinforcement learning to enhance the simulation annealing algorithm. We use the Deep Q-Networks based on graph convolution to implement deep reinforcement learning algorithm instead of random method to select the moving block when placer swaps blocks. Experiments show that our method can get a better placement faster than the original VTR in early stage of the placement process.
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4,746
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Please write an abstract with title: Improving Accuracy and Completeness of Source Code Static Taint Analysis, and key words: Codes, Static analysis, Programming. Abstract: Static analysis is a general name for various methods of program examination without actually executing it. In particular, it is widely used to discover errors and vulnerabilities in software. Taint analysis usually denotes the process of checking the flow of user-provided data in the program in order to find potential vulnerabilities. It can be performed either statically or dynamically. In the paper we evaluate several improvements for the static taint analyzer Irbis [1], which is based on a special case of interprocedural graph reachability problem - the so-called IFDS problem, originally proposed by Reps et al. [2]. The analyzer is currently being developed at the Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISP RAS). The evaluation is based on several real projects with known vulnerabilities and a subset of the Juliet Test Suite for C/C++ [3]. The chosen subset consists of more than 5 thousand tests for 11 different CWEs.
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4,747
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Please write an abstract with title: Graph Convolution Network Based Representation for Multi-View Multi-Label Learning, and key words: Measurement, Correlation, Convolution, Convolutional neural networks, Task analysis. Abstract: For multi-view multi-label learning, exploring the relations between multiple views and the rational utilization of sam-ple correlations are challenging tasks. In order to explic-itly explore the commonality and individuality between mul-tiple views and to make use of the sample correlations, Graph Convolution Network based Representation (GCNR) for multi-view multi-label learning is proposed. The model first extracts the intermediate representations and constructs the graphs based on different views. Then the intersection of different adjacency matrices and graph convolutional neu-ral networks are used to explore the commonality between different views, while the individuality of views is explored based on the same network parameters and respective adja-cency matrices. Finally, the common and individual represen-tations are concatenated to predict labels. The experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on multiple datasets.
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4,748
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Please write an abstract with title: Digitizing and 3D modeling of urban environments and roads using vehicle-borne laser scanner system, and key words: Roads, Laser modes, Vehicles, Sensor systems, Instruments, Global Positioning System, Data acquisition, Navigation, State estimation, Geometrical optics. Abstract: In this paper we present a system for three-dimensional environment modeling. It consists of an instrumented vehicle equipped with a 2D laser range scanner for data mapping, and GPS, INS and odometers for vehicle positioning and attitude information. The advantage of this system is its ability to perform data acquisition during the vehicle navigation; the sensor needed being a basic 2D scanner with opposition to traditional expensive 3D sensors. This system integrates the laser raw range data with the vehicle's internal state estimator and is capable of reconstructing the 3D geometry of the environment by real-time geo-referencing. We propose a high level representation of the urban scene while identifying automatically and in real time some types of existing objects in this environment. Thus, our modeling is articulated around three principal axes: the segmentation, decimation, the 3D reconstruction and visualization. The road is the most important object for us; some road features like the curvature and the width are extracted.
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4,749
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Please write an abstract with title: A Noise Reduction Approach Using Dynamic Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for Vehicle Traffic Camera Images, and key words: Noise reduction, Adaptive filters, Noise measurement, Fuzzy cognitive maps, Cameras, Information filters. Abstract: Noise is a generic term for data loss or corruption due to hardware or software causes on the signal. Since the images are two-dimensional signals, there are noises in this type of signal due different reasons. In addition, fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) have a structure based on a graph theory that can produce many probing solutions today. Fuzzy cognitive maps can provide their iterations as static (fixed neighborhood values) or dynamic (variable neighborhood values) depending on the solution, which belong to interested problem. In this study, a method is presented using fuzzy cognitive maps for noise reduction in images and mean filter, which is a widely used method for noise reduction. The proposed method provide to minimize the loss of data in the noise reduction process with the average filter. In this work, FCM takes noisy and average filtered noisy image masks and accepts each pixel value in these masks as nodes. Then we update the neighborhood weights between these nodes in each iteration. The developed method has been tested primarily with different images and the performance obtained only by the method in which the average filter is applied is quite high. Then, the proposed method was tested on images of traffic monitoring systems taken from vehicle cameras. The results obtained are very successful.
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4,750
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Please write an abstract with title: Design, Analysis and Simulation of a Solar Powered DC Motor using MOSFET H-bridge Converter, and key words: DC motors, Voltage control, Torque, PI control, Software packages, Resistors, Mathematical model. Abstract: This research report deals with the simulation of a permanent magnet DC motor operating on continuous power generated from solar energy. The simulations results were generated using different controllers and H- Bridge Buck-Boost converter by varying the parameters of irradiance and temperature. The MOSFET of the H-Bridge converter deals with inductive back EMF. The inductive spikes drive back power into the battery, causing the current to fall rapidly since back EMF is proportional to supply voltage. Each subsystem was modeled in order to simulate the whole system. The main focus was to keep the system robust, minimize the loss and provide smooth operation of DC Motor. Overall, the system is simple, reliable and cost effective. It was observed that with a step change in input parameters, the PID controller enabled better performance compared to the PI controller.
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4,751
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Please write an abstract with title: Instruction buffering exploration for low energy VLIWs with instruction clusters, and key words: VLIW, Registers, Energy efficiency, Clustering algorithms, Embedded system, Multimedia systems, Application specific processors, Energy consumption, Buffer storage, Data mining. Abstract: For multimedia applications, loop buffering is an efficient mechanism to reduce the power in the instruction memory of embedded processors. In particular, sofrwcre controlled clustered loop buffers are energy efficient. However current compilers for VLIW do not fully exploit the potentials offered by such a clustered organization This paper presents an algorithm to explore what is the optimal loop huffer configuration and the optimal way to use this configuration for an application or a set of applications. Results for the MediaBeneh application suite show an additional 18% reduction (on average) in energy in the instruction memory hierarchy as compared to traditional nonclustered approaches to the loop huffer without compromising performance.
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4,752
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Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Concept in Design of Microwave Planar Dual Band Filter having the Controllable Closed/Isolated Bands by Using the Simple Vias and the Slow Wave Effect for 5G/IoT Applications, and key words: Band-pass filters, Microstrip filters, Surface waves, Resonator filters, Dual band, Microwave theory and techniques, Filtering theory. Abstract: A microstrip dual-mode dual-band bandpass filter with slow wave effect is presented in this paper. The slow wave effect is provided by interdigital unit cells. The interdigital unit cell located into microstrip resonator is investigated using full-wave electromagnetic simulations. It is shown that an extra surface area is not required to obtain the slow wave effect using these resonators. Using of metal vias on the resonator allows to be designing a dual-band bandpass filter configuration with out-of-band rejection characteristic. The proposed filter exhibits a wideband frequency response since the I/O ports are directly connected to the resonator. Both simulated and measured results are presented to demonstrate the proposed filter.
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4,753
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Please write an abstract with title: Audio-Visual Model Distillation Using Acoustic Images, and key words: Acoustics, Visualization, Data models, Training, Microphones, Machine learning, Synchronization. Abstract: In this paper, we investigate how to learn rich and robust feature representations for audio classification from visual data and acoustic images, a novel audio data modality. Former models learn audio representations from raw signals or spectral data acquired by a single microphone, with remarkable results in classification and retrieval. However, such representations are not so robust towards variable environmental sound conditions. We tackle this drawback by exploiting a new multimodal labeled action recognition dataset acquired by a hybrid audio-visual sensor that provides RGB video, raw audio signals, and spatialized acoustic data, also known as acoustic images, where the visual and acoustic images are aligned in space and synchronized in time. Using this richer information, we train audio deep learning models in a teacher-student fashion. In particular, we distill knowledge into audio networks from both visual and acoustic image teachers. Our experiments suggest that the learned representations are more powerful and have better generalization capabilities than the features learned from models trained using just single-microphone audio data.
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4,754
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Please write an abstract with title: A General ADE-WLP-FDTD Method With a New Temporal Basis for Wave Propagation, and key words: Dispersion, Time-domain analysis, Computational modeling, Propagation, Finite difference methods, Mathematical models, Wireless communication, Three-dimensional displays. Abstract: Based on an auxiliary differential equation (ADE) and a new temporal basis function, we propose a 3-D ADE finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) with weighted Laguerre polynomials (WLPs), 3-D ADE-WLP-FDTD for short, to calculate wave propagation in general dispersive materials. Our proposed method introduces a linear combination of three WLPs as a temporal basis to improve computational efficiency and reduce memory usage. The ADE technique, which can effectively model dispersive media, was used to establish the relationship between the electric displacement vector and electric field intensity. Two numerical examples were presented to validate the advantages of the proposed approach. The simulation results reveal that compared with the conventional ADE-WLP-FDTD method, the proposed method can speed up the computational process and reduce memory usage with comparable accuracy.
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4,755
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Please write an abstract with title: Au/n-GaN Schottky diode grown on Si(111) by plasma assisted MOCVD, and key words: Gold, Schottky diodes, MOCVD, Plasma temperature, Gallium nitride, Plasma measurements, Capacitance-voltage characteristics, Substrates, Nitrogen, Semiconductor diodes. Abstract: Most of the growth of GaN epilayers by MOCVD method reported to date was carried out at growth temperature above 1000/spl deg/C on sapphire substrates. We have successfully grown GaN by plasma assisted MOCVD (PA-MOCVD) method at temperature between 560/spl deg/C to 650/spl deg/C. In this paper we report an attempt to fabricate Au/n-GaN Schottky diode grown on Si(111) by PA-MOCVD method. The GaN films were grown at temperatures of 625/spl deg/C and 650/spl deg/C using trimethylgallium (TMGa) and nitrogen plasma. The diode is a concentric type using aluminum as ohmic contact and gold as Schottky contact. Electrical characterizations were performed by I-V and C-V measurements. The barrier heights determined from I-V measurements are 0.44 eV and 0.49 eV, for Schottky diodes grown at 625/spl deg/C and 650/spl deg/C, respectively. The ideality factors are 4.5 and 5.6 indicate that tunneling as the main mechanism of electron transport through the barrier. This mechanism is typical for moderately to highly doped semiconductor, as confirmed from C-V measurement.
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4,756
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Please write an abstract with title: An Analytical Model for Compton Cameras Efficiency Estimation, and key words: Analytical models, Nuclear medicine, Monte Carlo methods, Computational modeling, Stochastic processes, Estimation, Cameras. Abstract: One of the main advantages of Compton Cameras (CC) is a potentially higher efficiency, which is a key feature for imaging devices developed for applications such as nuclear medicine or radioactive environmental monitoring. Several Monte Carlo (MC) simulation toolkits are available to study the optimal detector configuration with good accuracy but generally low computational efficiency. Here, we propose a simplified analytical model of the classical two-tier CC, which can be used to perform multi-parameter optimization through stochastic simulations. The aim is to provide a user-friendly, tool with low computational cost to estimate the impact of several parameters on the efficiency of the system and possibly narrow down the list of simulations to be performed with traditional MC simulators.
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4,757
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Please write an abstract with title: Inspection of Pitting Corrosions on Weld Overlay Cladding Using Uniform and Rotating Eddy Current Testing, and key words: Corrosion, Probes, Eddy current testing, Steel, Surface cracks. Abstract: This study investigated the applicability of detecting pitting corrosions on stainless steel weld overlay cladding using uniform eddy current testing, which is insensitive to surface undulation, and rotating eddy current testing (RECT), which can be considered a superposition of uniform eddy current testing in orthogonal directions. The performance of the two techniques in detecting artificial pitting corrosions on and next to weld beads was compared. The signal distributions revealed that only RECT was capable of describing the surface profiles of pitting corrosions. The results of uniform eddy current testing could not distinguish between pitting corrosions and cracks. The probability of detection curves drawn to quantitatively indicate the detection capabilities of the two techniques revealed that uniform eddy current testing with induced eddy currents parallel and perpendicular to weld beads was better than RECT in detecting pitting corrosions on and next to weld beads, respectively. Scanning twice by uniform eddy current testing at orthogonal orientations may be a better process for detecting pitting corrosion on weld overlay cladding compared with using RECT. The measured signals of the two techniques in normal direction were located around the edges of the pitting corrosions, which only indicated the depth around edges. The results suggested that uniform eddy current testing and RECT with normal direction magnetic field signals may be inadequate for evaluating the maximum depth of pitting corrosions or large corrosions.
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4,758
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Please write an abstract with title: The Development of a Visual Novel Role-Playing Game [VN RPG] as an Open Educational Resource [OER] for Philippine Literature Educators Administering the “Noli Me Tangere” Module, and key words: Visualization, Pandemics, Conferences, Education, Humanoid robots, Games, Open Educational Resources. Abstract: Many scholars saw opportunities of using digital interactive video games as a learning tool during the pandemic. However, it was indeed complex for educators, especially those who teach history-driven novels to prepare lesson plans for classes not only to get the learning outcomes but also to produce high technology materials such as video games. Given the predicament, this study aims to measure the effectiveness of the developed video game named ‘Touch Me Not’ under the genre Visual Novel Role-Playing Game (VN RPG) as an Open Education Resource (OER) to educators who teach the novel, Noli Me Tangere or Touch Me Not. To accomplish the proposed objective, the Understanding by Design (UbD) approach was analyzed through the administered survey questionnaire, pre-test, and post-test. The findings show that using the ‘Touch Me Not’ VN RPG to complement the standard class modules had a more significant effect on the educators’ performance. Thus, it proved that using VN RPG is an effective complementary pedagogical tool in teaching history-driven classes.
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4,759
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Please write an abstract with title: Dual-Graph Global and Local Concept Factorization for Data Clustering, and key words: Manifolds, Linear programming, Convergence, Clustering algorithms, Data models, Principal component analysis, Learning systems. Abstract: Considering a wide range of applications of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), many NMF and their variants have been developed. Since previous NMF methods cannot fully describe complex inner global and local manifold structures of the data space and extract complex structural information, we propose a novel NMF method called dual-graph global and local concept factorization (DGLCF). To properly describe the inner manifold structure, DGLCF introduces the global and local structures of the data manifold and the geometric structure of the feature manifold into CF. The global manifold structure makes the model more discriminative, while the two local regularization terms simultaneously preserve the inherent geometry of data and features. Finally, we analyze convergence and the iterative update rules of DGLCF. We illustrate clustering performance by comparing it with latest algorithms on four real-world datasets.
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4,760
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Please write an abstract with title: Training Function Stability in Anomaly Intrusion Detection based Deep Learning, and key words: Training, Deep learning, Feature extraction, Measurement, Intrusion detection, Stability analysis, Neural networks. Abstract: Deep Learning is a promising model used in both supervised and unsupervised classification as well as in feature extraction. It is applied to solve various research problems. In the present paper, the problem of Anomaly Network Intrusion Detection is studied. A supervised classifier based on deep learning with a conventional architecture of neural networks (CNN) is adopted to classify normal and abnormal network users behavior in order to detect attacks. Unlike usual metrics, such as the correct classification rate, used to select appropriate classifiers, the stability of the learning algorithm is used to choose an appropriate Deep Learning model for this application. Since the synaptic weights and consequently the performance of a deep learning classifier depend crucially on the optimization algorithm (gradient descent, conjugate gradient, etc), the choice of an algorithm that lead to stable performance independently of its initialization is of a great importance. A set of experiments based on the NSL-KDD dataset is achieved to compare different learning techniques in terms of accuracy and stability.
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4,761
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Please write an abstract with title: Mitigating inter-area oscillation of an interconnected power system considering time varying delay, and key words: Generators, Damping, Power system stability, Thyristors, Power capacitors, Delays, Transient analysis. Abstract: A wide area damping controller to mitigate the frequency deviation of interconnected power system is designed in this paper. The test system considered here is a two area power system. Each area in the test system has two generators. A linear matrix inequality (LMI) based state feedback control law is designed with the help of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. A thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) is used to provide sufficient damping in the interconnected power system. A supplementary damping controller (SDC) is also used with the TCSC. The effect of time delay in the control signal is also considered in this paper for the two area four machine power system.
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4,762
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Please write an abstract with title: Noise in Microwave Transmission Applications of Gunn and IMPATT Diodes, and key words: Gunn devices, Diodes, Local oscillators, Radio communication, Receivers, Automatic frequency control, Communication system control, Radio transmitters, High power amplifiers, Radiofrequency amplifiers. Abstract: In this paper, the authors discusses the different sources of noise in a communication system. The authors also provides several diagnostics and measurement techniques to identify the sources of these noises.
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4,763
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Please write an abstract with title: Model Reference Adaptive System based Sensor-less induction motor with Fuzzy Interface, and key words: Adaptation models, Induction motors, PI control, Adaptive systems, Torque, Velocity control, Rotors. Abstract: Fuzzy controlled sensorless speed control of induction motor with MRAS based approach is proposed in this paper. Fuzzy logic controller is expected to be better controller as compared to traditional PI and PID controllers. The mathematical modeling of the MRAS module with inputs from induction motor stator voltages and currents taken as feedback to estimate the speed of the machine is described. The speed control of the induction motor is achieved by IRFOC without speed sensor at the motor. Induction motor speed and electromagnetic torque comparison with PI and FIS controllers integrated into the structure are represented by graphs plotted with time as a reference. Fuzzy controller is modeled with 49 rule base including two inputs and one output variable. All the modules design and the analysis is carried out in MATLAB software with ‘powergui’ toolbox for generating graphs.
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4,764
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Please write an abstract with title: Chapter 3: Software Rejuvenation: Key Concepts and Granularity, and key words: Software, Aging, Conferences, Virtualization, Application software, Virtual machine monitors, Kernel. Abstract: The chapter focuses on the classification of rejuvenation strategies based on granularity. Granularity concerns the level at which aging is detected and the level at which rejuvenation is applied to counteract aging. Besides granularity definitions, the chapter classifies most of the existing rejuvenation literature with respect to the granularity level.
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4,765
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Please write an abstract with title: Graph-Aware Collaborative Filtering for Top-N Recommendation, and key words: Collaborative filtering, Aggregates, Neural networks, Collaboration, Data models, Bipartite graph, Recommender systems. Abstract: Recommender systems based on collaborative filtering has always suffered from sparsity and cold start problems. Therefore, researchers attempt to address the issues with various side information such as user profiles and item attributes. In this paper, we proposed Graph-aware Collaborative Filtering (GCF), an end-to-end framework, in which user-item bipartite graph and the knowledge graph of items (side information) are integrated to improve recommendation performance. In GCF, we aggregate the neighbors in the candidate item knowledge graph to refine the item representation. Similarly, we aggregate the user interaction neighbors in the user-item bipartite graph to refine the user representation. The collaborative signals in the knowledge graph and user-item bipartite graph are successfully captured through the neighborhood aggregation operation. Experimental results on three real datasets indicate that the proposed GCF is superior to the existing models in terms of accuracy and can also effectively solve the data sparsity problem of the recommender system.
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4,766
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Please write an abstract with title: Mobile Web services for peer-to-peer applications, and key words: Web services, Peer to peer computing, Service oriented architecture, Application software, Middleware, Software architecture, Mobile communication, Software design, IP networks, Web and internet services. Abstract: The role of the service oriented architecture (SOA) is going to he more and more popular in the software design for distributed systems. This middleware framework tries to simplify as much as possible the software architecture of distributed applications. In infrastructure based networks like the Internet the SOA is successfully implemented by XML Web services in a client-server manner. In ad-hoc systems without any infrastructure, the peer-to-peer (P2P) paradigm is attractive. Thus, a Web service realization using the P2P paradigm is promising, since a uniform middleware can be achieved without any constraints of the underlying network and communication paradigm. In this article, we look at a heterogenous environment being composed of mobile nodes with computing and communication capabilities. Each (peer) node equally acts as both, server and client. These nodes provide their services to other nodes in the distributed environment, and they are able to use remote services. We distinguish and discuss different SOA realizations enabling P2P computing and introduce common software architecture for P2P Web services. On this basis, we introduce an implementation of P2P Web services on Java enabled mobile devices. We focus on the server implementation, enabling mobile devices (phones and PDAs) to provide and publish their services.
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4,767
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Please write an abstract with title: Compact, Highly Efficient, and Controllable Simultaneous 2 × 2 Three-Mode Silicon Photonic Switch in the Continuum Band, and key words: Optical switches, Couplers, Silicon, Optical fibers, Photonics, Optical fiber networks, Optical crosstalk. Abstract: Multimode switch (MMS) allows realizing multimode optical communication enabling high-speed communication. However, to develop such an ultrafast switch for simultaneous multimode with a compact size is very challenging. In this paper, we design and demonstrate a compact multimode 2×2 MMS based on numerical simulation methods using silicon Ψ-junctions and multimode interference (MMI) couplers. The switch is controlled by thermal-optic phase shifters which is able to switch simultaneously states of the optical signal between three quasi-transverse electric modes. The MMS exhibits a low insertion loss from -1.5 dB to -3 dB, low crosstalk below -22 dB, and high extinction ratio larger than 22 dB in 40-nm bandwidth in the third telecom window from 1520 to 1560 nm, respectively. With a compact footprint of 12 μm ×1300 μm, the MMS exhibits relatively large dimensional tolerances. Besides, the MMS provides total electric power consumption levels smaller than 103 mW at an ultrafast switching time of 4.4 μs without the impact of the plasmonic effect. Furthermore, the conceptual principle of the proposed MMS can be reconfigurable and scalable in dimensional multifunctional on-chip mode-division multiplexing optical interconnects and promising potential for photonic large scale integration circuits in the continuum band.
|
4,768
|
Please write an abstract with title: Design of multi-channel data acquisition and transmission system, and key words: Protocols, Data acquisition, Ethernet, Signal processing, Software, Logic design, Data communication. Abstract: Aiming at a multi-channel data acquisition and transmission system based on FPGA, the design scheme, functional circuit and logic design method of the system are introduced in detail. The system uses FPGA as the control core to control TLC2543 analog-to-digital converter and complete the circulation acquisition of 11-channel analog data. The transmission end uses Ethernet chip RTL8201 to communicate with the upper computer, which can monitor the data changes of each channel. The correctness of each function module is verified by software simulation. The design can meet the requirements of multi-channel signal acquisition and transmission.
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4,769
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Please write an abstract with title: Implementation of Battery Energy Storage System for an Island Microgrid With High PV Penetration, and key words: Microgrids, Generators, Power generation, Renewable energy sources, Batteries, Systems operation, Power system stability. Abstract: This article presents the innovative integrated control strategies of the battery energy storage system (BESS) to support the system operation of an offshore island microgrid with high penetration of renewable energy. An intelligent energy management system (iEMS) was implemented to perform the supervisory control and data acquisition of diesel generators, distribution feeders, photovoltaic (PV) systems, and the BESS. An expert system was designed and embedded in the iEMS to derive the decision making for fast power discharging of BESS to improve the system transient stability for the severe contingency of large disturbances caused by the tripping of generators and PV farm. To mitigate the impact of PV generation fluctuation and to maintain the stable operation of diesel generators, the adaptive control of power charging and discharging of the BESS is applied to reduce the ramping rate of PV generation. To achieve the economic dispatch of the microgrid, the strategy of peak shaving and valley filling of the system net load curve by the BESS was derived considering the forecasting daily profiles of system loading and PV power generation. The computer simulation of actual diesel generator tripping and the field test of intentional PV system shutdown have been executed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies of the BESS system to improve the system operation and transient stability of the study microgrid with high penetration of renewable energy.
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4,770
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Please write an abstract with title: A VSWR-protected silicon bipolar RF power amplifier with soft-slope power control, and key words: Silicon, Radio frequency, Power amplifiers, Radiofrequency amplifiers, Power control, Power generation, Voltage, Power measurement, Power system protection, Electric breakdown. Abstract: This paper presents the design and measured performance of a 1.8-GHz power amplifier featuring load mismatch protection and soft-slope power control. Load-mismatch-induced breakdown can be avoided by attenuating the RF power to the final stage during overvoltage conditions. This was accomplished by means of a feedback control system, which detects the peak voltage at the output collector node and clamps its value to a given threshold by varying the circuit gain. The issue of output power control has been addressed as well. To this end, a temperature-compensated bias network is proposed, which allows a moderate power control slope (dB/V) to be achieved by varying the circuit quiescent current according to an exponential law. The nonlinear power amplifier was fabricated using a low-cost silicon bipolar process with a 6.4-V breakdown voltage. It delivers a 33.5-dBm saturated output power with 46% maximum power-added efficiency and 36-dB gain at a nominal 3.5-V supply voltage. The device is able to tolerate a 10:1 load standing-wave ratio up to a 5.1-V supply voltage. Power control slope is lower than 80 dB/V between -15 dBm and the saturated output power level.
|
4,771
|
Please write an abstract with title: Research on Transient Numerical Simulation of Quantitative Identification Pattern of Pipeline Compound Defects, and key words: Transient response, Analytical models, Magnetic flux leakage, Statistical analysis, Conferences, Pipelines, Numerical simulation. Abstract: According to the internal and external walls of the pipelines, the characteristics and patterns of magnetic flux leakage signals of three kinds of compound superposition damages and their combination relations of different positions and sizes are further simulated and compared, and the transient finite element simulation is used to analyze and summarize their patterns. The results show that there is a direct correspondence between the peak and time span extracted from the results of magnetic flux leakage detection, which are used as the transient response characteristic signals, and the type and extent of defects.
|
4,772
|
Please write an abstract with title: ANAF-IoMT: A Novel Architectural Framework for IoMT-Enabled Smart Healthcare System by Enhancing Security Based on RECC-VC, and key words: Security, Internet of Things, Authentication, Privacy, Sensors, Monitoring, Electronic mail. Abstract: The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is an arising trend that provides a significant amount of efficient and effective services for patients as well as healthcare professionals for the treatment of disparate diseases. The IoMT has numerous benefits; however, the security issue still persists as a challenge. The lack of security awareness among novice IoMT users and the risk of several intermediary attacks for accessing health information severely endanger the use of IoMT. In this article, rooted elliptic curve cryptography with Vigenère cipher (RECC-VC) centered security amelioration on the IoMT is proposed for enhancing security. First, this work utilizes the exponential K-anonymity algorithm for privacy preservation. Second, a new improved Elman neural network (IENN) is proposed for analyzing the sensitivity level of data. The Gaussian mutated chimp optimization is employed for weight updating in this IENN. Finally, a novel RECC-VC is proposed for securely uploading the data to the cloud server. Additionally, data are stored in the cloud server using blockchain technology. In experimental analysis, the proposed methodologies attain better results than the prevailing methods. The proposed IENN model achieves an accuracy of 96% and is validated against state-of-the-art methods. Also, the proposed RECC-VC attains 98% of the security level.
|
4,773
|
Please write an abstract with title: Optimization of Graph Neural Networks with Natural Gradient Descent, and key words: Training, Time-frequency analysis, Sensitivity, Semisupervised learning, Graph neural networks, Optimization, Convergence. Abstract: In this work, we propose to employ information-geometric tools to optimize a graph neural network architecture such as the graph convolutional networks. More specifically, we develop optimization algorithms for the graph-based semi-supervised learning by employing the natural gradient information in the optimization process. This allows us to efficiently exploit the geometry of the underlying statistical model or parameter space for optimization and inference. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that has utilized the natural gradient for the optimization of graph neural networks that can be extended to other semi-supervised problems. Efficient computations algorithms are developed and extensive numerical studies are conducted to demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithms over existing algorithms such as ADAM and SGD.
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4,774
|
Please write an abstract with title: Research on Typical Faults of Active Safety Components of Passenger Cars, and key words: Vehicle safety, Data science, Control systems, Safety, Automobiles, Monitoring, Business. Abstract: Automotive active safety components and electronic control system have an important impact on vehicle safety. In this paper, the composition and working principle of automotive active safety components and electronic control system are studied to form the failure mode system of automobile active safety components and electronic control system, which provides early warning and remote diagnosis of automobile active safety components and electronic control system failure Theoretical basis.
|
4,775
|
Please write an abstract with title: Serverless Testing: Tool Vendors' and Experts' Points of View, and key words: Software testing, Computer crashes, Debugging, Software, Production, Databases. Abstract: Testing serverless applications plays an important role in software quality assurance. The current status of testing and debugging in serverless-based applications depicted by the experts helped us highlight issues and challenges that need to be deeply investigated.
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4,776
|
Please write an abstract with title: Classification of Handball Shot through Image Analysis, and key words: Training, Image analysis, Europe, Games, Sports. Abstract: The gathering and use of play data in professional sports, such as baseball and soccer, has recently gained pace. In handball, the European Federation has started collecting play data during a game using wearable terminals, such as KINEXON. However, these gadgets are highly costly, and it is difficult to introduce them to Japan’s amateur handball sector. Additionally, there is an increasing need to use IT tools to enhance player evaluation and training with the goal of everyone improving regardless of the setting or the coach’s skill. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to categorize shooting by gathering joint coordinates and categorizing them using publicly available footage of shooting scenes in handball games.We specifically used the open-source program CenterNet to extract joint coordinates from the video. We categorized the shooters and discussed their traits based on these values.
|
4,777
|
Please write an abstract with title: Knowledge representation of traditional Chinese acupuncture points using the UMLS and a terminology model, and key words: Knowledge representation, Unified modeling language, Terminology, Medical diagnostic imaging, Natural languages, Medical treatment, Transportation, Europe, Medical services, Medical control systems. Abstract: An escalating global interest in traditional Chinese acupuncture (TCA) demands easy use and reuse of the medical knowledge associated with TCA points, which in turn require appropriate knowledge representation of TCA. A proper knowledge representation generally involves enumeration of conceptual symbols and arrangement of these symbols into some meaningful structure. This study uses the unified medical language system (UMLS) as the source of conceptual symbols and proposes a terminology model as the structure to arrange terms. The purpose is to systematically capture and represent appropriate TCA knowledge in practice. The initial terminology model is refined in an iterative process. The resulting terminology model captures and represents key aspects of TCA knowledge through properly designed model attributes and relations.
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4,778
|
Please write an abstract with title: Smart Tourism via Smart Phone – An Enhanced Approach, and key words: Economics, Computer science, Design automation, Social networking (online), Tourism industry, Europe, Computer networks. Abstract: Tourism is a critical element of economic activity and one of the world’s most important sectors. Alongside this, the rapid development of technology and computer science has brought impressive results in the field of smart devices. Technology integration into tourism has brought about a new kind of tourism, that of Smart Tourism. Smart Tourism refers to the growing need to integrate ICT into the tourism industry. This integration aims to improve a place’s economic activity and the user’s experience during their holidays. This study describes developing an ICT system based on innovative mobile phone technology to create a recommendation system.
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4,779
|
Please write an abstract with title: An IoT-Based Vehicle Accident Detection and Classification System Using Sensor Fusion, and key words: Road accidents, Smart phones, Internet of Things, Hidden Markov models, Accelerometers, Global Positioning System. Abstract: Road accidents are a leading cause of death and disability among youth. Contemporary research on accident detection systems is focused on either decreasing the reporting time or improving the accuracy of accident detection. Internet-of-Things (IoT) platforms have been utilized considerably in recent times to reduce the time required for rescue after an accident. This work presents an IoT-based automotive accident detection and classification (ADC) system, which uses the fusion of smartphone's built-in and connected sensors not only to detect but also to report the type of accident. This novel technique improves the rescue efficacy of various emergency services, such as emergency medical services (EMSs), fire stations, towing services, etc., as knowledge about the type of accident is extremely valuable in planning and executing rescue and relief operations. The emergency assistance providers can better equip themselves according to the situation after making an inference about the injuries sustained by the victims and the damage to the vehicle. In this work, three machine learning models based on Naïve Bayes (NB), Gaussian mixture model (GMM), and decision tree (DT) techniques are compared to identify the best ADC model. Five physical parameters related to vehicle movement, i.e., speed, absolute linear acceleration (ALA), change-in-altitude, pitch, and roll, have been used to train and test each candidate ADC model to identify the correct class of accident among collision, rollover, falloff, and no accident. NB-based ADC model is found to be highly accurate with 0.95 mean F1-score.
|
4,780
|
Please write an abstract with title: Integrated Magnetics Design for an Interleaved Three-Phase Buck Converter, and key words: Couplings, Inductors, Inductance, Magnetic cores, Buck converters, Mathematical model. Abstract: This paper discusses the optimization of a coupled inductor used in a three-phase interleaved buck converter that is part of a two-stage motor drive circuit. To achieve high efficiency and high power density, the converter uses wide-bandgap switch devices to reduce switching losses under high-frequency operation and a coupled inductor that integrate three independent inductors to reduce the number of magnetic components. The relationship between the equivalent inductance of the coupled inductor and the coupling coefficient is discussed for different core shapes under various duty cycles. The three-phase coupled inductor core structure is optimized, and the coupling coefficient is reduced by adding magnetic volume to reduce the inductor current ripple and the core loss. The prototype of the 500-W three-phase interleaved converter operates at 500 kHz with the proposed integrated magnetics technology.
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4,781
|
Please write an abstract with title: Tapered slot antenna array with parallel plate waveguides, and key words: Slot antennas, Antenna arrays, Arrayed waveguide gratings, Phased arrays, Ultra wideband antennas, Bandwidth, Apertures, Degradation, Frequency, Numerical simulation. Abstract: Tapered slot antennas (TSA) are adequately applicable to wideband phased array antennas due to their ultra wide bandwidths. However, a significant degradation of VSWR performance is observed when a smaller aperture is adopted to suppress grating lobes for the phased array. To overcome the difficulty, a new tapered slot antenna is proposed; tapered slot antenna with a parallel plate waveguide (PPTSA). The PPTSA is capable of providing the ultra-wide bandwidth characteristics even when the width of the aperture is less than a half wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. Major performances of a single PPTSA was presented through numerical simulations and experiments in the previous report. In this paper array performances of PPTSA is investigated. A new configuration to suppress ripples from the ground plane is proposed by introducing cut-off waveguides close to the PPTSA. Measured and calculated data for VSWR and radiation pattern are also presented.
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4,782
|
Please write an abstract with title: Crosstalk Analysis to GHz Bulk-Acoustic-Wave Array for Addressable Micro/Nanoscale Particle Trapping, and key words: Resonators, Crosstalk, Capacitors, Resonant frequency, Electrodes, Radio frequency, Layout. Abstract: Addressable trapping and manipulations of micro/nano-scale bioparticles is often necessary and critically important in microfluidic devices for biological and medical applications. While GHz bulk-acoustic-wave (BAW) resonators have shown their excellent performance in trapping, rotating, and focusing particles down to nanometers, arraying them for addressable manipulation is a great challenge due to the crosstalk among resonators. This paper presents the electrical and mechanical crosstalk analysis to GHz BAW array with proposed circuit-level models. Crosstalk mechanisms are thoroughly revealed, which contribute to clarify the design rules of GHz BAW array with low crosstalk. A $4 \times 4$ BAW array chip is designed and experimental results show the chip can achieve addressable control with negligible crosstalk, demonstrating the rationality of the analysis. The crosstalk analysis, as well as the derived design rules, will lead to the design of a high-performance GHz BAW array with great potential for applications that require massive, addressable, and precise particle manipulation. [2021-0236]
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4,783
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Method of Airborne SAR Noise Interference Suppression Based on Blind Signal Separation, and key words: Interference suppression, Atmospheric modeling, Simulation, Approximation algorithms, Blind source separation, Indexes, Electromagnetics. Abstract: Airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is easily affected by noise interference in complex electromagnetic environment. Thus, the resolution of SAR is greatly affected, and even it can’t be imaged. Aiming at the typical SAR noise interference, an interference suppression method based on blind signal separation (BSS) is studied in this paper. Firstly, the multi-component signal obtained by SAR is processed by the joint approximate diagonalization of eigenmatrices (JADE). Then the statistical characteristics of the signals of multiple channels can be calculated to identify the noise interference and the echo signal. Simulation results show that the algorithm has a good effect on noise interference suppression. When signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) > −10dB, the similarity coefficient between separate signal and source signal is over 0.8.
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4,784
|
Please write an abstract with title: Integrated satellite-HAP systems, and key words: Satellite broadcasting, Digital video broadcasting, TCPIP, Artificial satellites, Narrowband, Degradation, Error correction, Transport protocols, Bandwidth, Internet. Abstract: Thus far, high-altitude platform (HAP)-based systems have been mainly conceived as an alternative to satellites for complementing the terrestrial network. This article aims to show that HAP should no longer be seen as a competitor technology by investors of satellites, but as a key element for an efficient hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system. Two integrated HAP-satellite scenarios are presented, in which the HAP is used to overcome some of the shortcomings of satellite-based communications. Moreover, it is shown that the integration of HAPs with satellite systems can be used to provide more efficient fleet-management and traffic-control services and more powerful data-relay systems.
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4,785
|
Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of Algorithms for Fractional Differentiation of Images, and key words: Market research, Behavioral sciences, Telecommunications, Standards, Signal to noise ratio. Abstract: This paper brings analysis of frequently used algorithms for calculation of the fractional gradients of images. The measures used for the quantitative assessment of the considered algorithms are signal-to-noise ratio and effective average gradient. The results obtained on standard natural images show a distinctive trend in behavior over all images and superior algorithms for certain orders of differentiation. Both measures show similar behavior for the lower orders of differentiation whereas the higher orders of differentiation lead to different treatment of the considered algorithms.
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4,786
|
Please write an abstract with title: Multi-physics analysis for assembling of nano particle under the mixture condition of the dielectric fluid and AC electric field, and key words: Assembly, Dielectrics, Electric fields, Carbon nanotubes, Fluid dynamics, Probes, Dielectrophoresis, Equations, Analytical models, Nonuniform electric fields. Abstract: We report the multi-physics analysis results for assembling process of the carbon nanotube (CNT) to the AFM probe using dielectrophoresis. Analysis fields for this include fluid dynamics, electric field, and particle dynamics. We completed the coupled equations for multi-disciplinary regions and simulated the attraction procedure of carbon nanotubes in a dielectric medium under the non-uniform electric fields using FEA (finite element analysis) technique. Finally, the optimum assembling condition for CNT AFM tip was suggested.
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4,787
|
Please write an abstract with title: Molles Corde: A Neural Network-based Multi-model System for Detecting Heart Diseases, and key words: Heart, Hypertension, Deep learning, Neural networks, Decision making, Medical services, Intelligent systems. Abstract: In the realm of medicine, diagnosing heart disease has become a difficult undertaking. There is a critical need for early detection of heart problems in order to offer patients proper treatment. A correct diagnosis of cardiac disease leads to the right treatment for the patient. The tremendous advances in the area of Neural Networks and Deep Learning are aimed at developing intelligent systems that assist medical practitioners in disease prediction, detection, and decision-making. The proposed model in the paper, “Molles Corde” (a Latin term meaning “Resilient Heart”, reflecting the desired outcome from effective detection), is a two-staged, multi-model neural network system. The model consists of a level one, basic disease detection model for a surface level detection of the disease and an advanced model, consisting of several neural networks each trained on detection for in depth, specific heart-related disease. The heart diseases detected using this system are Arrhythmia, Hypertension, Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD).
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4,788
|
Please write an abstract with title: Tracking Position of Airborne Target on SPx-Radar-Simulator Using Probabilistic Data Association Filter, and key words: Target tracking, Uncertainty, Radar, Maintenance engineering, Filtering algorithms, Radar tracking, Probabilistic logic. Abstract: Radar has various functions, one of which is tracking the position of targets in the air. In tracking the target position, there are obstacles, namely the uncertainty of data associations. To overcome the uncertainty of data associations, the concept of data association can be used where one of the algorithms that use this concept is the Probabilistic Data Association Filter (PDAF). A single target position tracking system in the air will be tested on radar using the PDAF with our proposed maintenance track algorithm. The data used for testing comes from simulating two motions on the SPx-Radar-Simulator. False alarms originating from interference (clutter) will be generated in the environment around the simulated target. The test results of the target tracking system using the PDAF algorithm that has been designed can track targets well, maintain tracking conditions in an environment that has clutter, and maintain track on multitarget environments. The error between the original data and the prediction on the validated target has a relatively small value, although there is a relatively significant difference in the error of the altitude data when the motion has varying altitude conditions.
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4,789
|
Please write an abstract with title: Biclustering models for structured microarray data, and key words: Gene expression, Context modeling, Clustering methods, Diseases, Data analysis, Biological processes, Filters, Bayesian methods, Time measurement. Abstract: Microarrays have become a standard tool for investigating gene function and more complex microarray experiments are increasingly being conducted. For example, an experiment may involve samples from several groups or may investigate changes in gene expression over time for several subjects, leading to large three-way data sets. In response to this increase in data complexity, we propose some extensions to the plaid model, a biclustering method developed for the analysis of gene expression data. This model-based method lends itself to the incorporation of any additional structure such as external grouping or repeated measures. We describe how the extended models may be fitted and illustrate their use on real data.
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4,790
|
Please write an abstract with title: The numerical evaluation of radiation integrals, and key words: Current distribution, Aperture antennas, Antenna measurements, Current measurement, Piecewise linear techniques, Pattern analysis, Performance analysis, Application software, Electron traps, Antenna arrays. Abstract: In the numerical evaluation of radiation integrals, the number of terms required depends on the accuracy desired, the method of integration, the current distribution on the antenna, the length of the antenna, and the observation angle. Simpson's rule and the trapezoidal rule appear to be used almost exclusively at present. A "piecewise linear rule" introduced here is shown to yield greater accuracy for a given calculation time.
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4,791
|
Please write an abstract with title: Sliding Mode Control for Networked Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Systems via Random Multiaccess Protocols, and key words: Protocols, Sensors, Fuzzy systems, Markov processes, Communication channels, Actuators, Sensor systems. Abstract: In this article, the sliding mode control problem is considered for interval type-2 fuzzy systems under the access-constrained communication network. The sensors and actuators are selected in a random manner, under which only a part of sensor/actuator nodes can be permitted to access the communication channels. The access status of the sensor and actuator is described by two independent Markov chains. To deal with the complexity of two Markov chains on the control design, the mapping technique is used to generate a new variable obeying a Markov chain, which can simultaneously reflect the access status of the sensor and actuator. Furthermore, a scheduling signal-dependent fuzzy sliding mode controller is designed, and the MF-dependent sufficient conditions are given to ensure the stochastic stability of the controlled system and the reachability of the sliding surface. Besides, an optimization-based solving algorithm is proposed to search the sliding matrix and obtain the optimized control gains for reducing the energy consumption of control input. Finally, the simulation results of a numerical example and the 2-degree-of-freedom helicopter system are given.
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4,792
|
Please write an abstract with title: BER performance due to irregularity of row-weight distribution of the parity-check matrix in irregular LDPC codes for 10-gb/s optical signals, and key words: Parity check codes, Bit error rate, Forward error correction, Iterative decoding, Degradation, AWGN, Polarization mode dispersion, Optical fiber polarization, Iterative algorithms, Optical fiber communication. Abstract: Forward-error correction (FEC) coding is theoretically investigated to improve bit-error-rate (BER) performance in a 10-Gb/s optical transmission system using randomly irregular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, regular LDPC codes, and the Reed-Solomon (RS) (255,239) code as a comparison. The irregular LDPC codes has different row-weight variances of a parity-check matrix from 10.9 to 18.8 and a row-weight mean of 60. Simulation is carried out under various conditions including the impairment factors such as dispersion, polarization-mode dispersion (PMD), and fiber nonlinearities. Results suggest that the irregular LDPC code with a low row-weight variance (=10.9) generally has better performance for the most impairment factors except for the factor of dispersion. On the other hand, for the factor of dispersion the irregular LDPC code performs better with a high row-weight variance (=18.8). A specific LDPC code can overcome the impairment limits in a deployed link.
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4,793
|
Please write an abstract with title: Investigating characteristic directivity of the linear equidistant invariant antenna array synthesized by beam way in the band of frequencies, and key words: Linear antenna arrays, Frequency synthesizers, Antenna radiation patterns, Antenna arrays, Directive antennas, Space technology, Beams, Electromagnetic scattering, Transversal filters, Delay lines. Abstract: The characteristic directivity of the linear equidistant invariant antenna array (IAA) in the band of frequencies has been investigated. The given antenna array allows to form 2 beams guided in space and 1 radiation pattern gap guided in space. Moreover, the location of the formed gap doesn't depend on the frequency within antenna operating frequency range. The analysis of radiation pattern form in the band of frequencies showed that the gap in the radiation pattern is formed in the given direction and doesn't depend on the frequency within antenna operating frequency range. The change of frequency distorts the form of the beams of the radiation pattern greatly. This distortion is found out to be caused by the base filters IAA includes. The base filters form the gap in the given direction of the radiation pattern. It's possible to get rid of dependence of the beam form of the radiation pattern on the frequency on a certain location of the beams in space and the gap.
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4,794
|
Please write an abstract with title: Temporal Relations Matter: A Two-Pathway Network for Aerial Video Recognition, and key words: Three-dimensional displays, Fuses, Neural networks, Feature extraction, Remote sensing, Videos. Abstract: With the increasing volume of aerial videos, the demand for automatically parsing these videos is surging. To achieve this, current researches mainly focus on extracting a holistic feature with convolutions along both spatial and temporal dimensions. However, these methods are limited by small temporal receptive fields and cannot adequately capture long-term temporal dependencies which are important for describing complicated dynamics. In this paper, we propose a novel two-pathway network to model not only holistic features, but also temporal relations for aerial video classification. More specially, our model employs a two-pathway architecture: (1) a holistic representation pathway to learn a general feature of frame appearances and short-term temporal variations and (2) a temporal relation pathway to capture multi-scale temporal relations across arbitrary frames, providing long-term temporal dependencies. Our model is evaluated on event recognition dataset, ERA, and achieves the state-of-the-art results. This demonstrates its effectiveness and good generalization capacity.
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4,795
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Please write an abstract with title: A method for evaluating the quality of string dissimilarity measures and clustering algorithms for EST clustering, and key words: Clustering algorithms, Computational modeling, Pollution measurement, Sequences, Computer science, Bioinformatics, Data structures, Genomics, Africa, DNA. Abstract: We present a method for evaluating the suitability of different string dissimilarity measures and clustering algorithms for EST clustering, one of the main techniques used in transcriptome projects. The method comprises generating simulated ESTs with user-specified parameters, and then evaluating the quality of clusterings produced when different dissimilarity measures and different clustering algorithms are used. We implemented two tools to do this: ESTSim (EST simulator), which generates simulated EST sequences from mRNAs/cDNAs using user-specified parameters, and ECLEST (evaluator for clusterings of ESTs), which computes and evaluates a clustering of a set of input ESTs, where the dissimilarity measure, the clustering algorithm, and the clustering validity index can be specified independently. We demonstrate the method on a sample of 699 cDNAs, generating approximately 16,000 simulated ESTs. We conducted two experiments and derived statistically significant results from this study comparing subword-based dissimilarity measures to alignment-based ones.
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4,796
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Please write an abstract with title: Parameterized Interference Cancellation for Single-Carrier Underwater Acoustic Communications, and key words: Interference cancellation, Acoustic communication (telecommunication), Sonar, Receivers, Real-time systems, Underwater acoustics, Iterative decoding. Abstract: Underwater acoustic communications provide promising solutions for remote and real-time aquatic exploration and monitoring. However, the underwater environment is rich in various kinds of interferences. Those interferences could severely degrade the acoustic communication performance. This work tackles interference cancellation in a single-carrier modulated communication system. Based on the Nyqusit sampling theorem, the interference is parameterized by a finite number of unknown parameters. The Page test is applied to detect the presence of an interfering waveform in the received signal. An iterative receiver is developed, which iteratively performs the interference estimation/cancellation and traditional receiver processing. The proposed receiver is evaluated when the communication waveform is interfered by the ice-cracking impulsive noise and the sonar signal collected from the Arctic. The data processing results reveal that the proposed receiver achieves considerable decoding performance improvement through the iterative interference estimation and cancellation.
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4,797
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Please write an abstract with title: A Cognitive View on Intonational Meaning, and key words: Semantics, Packaging, Pragmatics. Abstract: The paper proposes a cognitive view on intonational contours aiming to describe their partitions in terms of elementary cognitive categories related to a generic information packaging (IPk) mechanism. We formulate the hypothesis that IPk structures pack auditory information items at the cortical level into relations that are marked at the utterance level by prosodic phrases. An IPk model based on this hypothesis is used in the paper for describing two pairs of contours that are presented in [1] as problematic for a categorical phonological description. The paper proposes a cognitive description of the respective contours after their partitioning into hierarchies of nested IPk units. In this view phonological events become marks of functional constituents at the cognitive level and the semantic differences between contours are reflected by their structural cognitive differences.
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4,798
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Please write an abstract with title: Development of software planning tools for an intelligent traffic light wireless communication link using 5.8 GHz WLAN, and key words: Software tools, Wireless communication, Wireless LAN, Communication system traffic control, Intelligent systems, Lighting control, Control systems, Roads, Programming, Radio frequency. Abstract: This paper presents the development of software planning tools for wireless LAN link optimization as an intelligent traffic light system control to minimize waiting time of road users and reducing congestion at each junction, in Bandar Baru Bangi area. The software directory is based on combination of MatLab and MapInfo software, which gives the best grouping parameters to build up the software development. Among the requirements, the traffic light site selections must be line-of-sight (LOS) field strength prediction for either point to point or point to multi points. The results presented include two-dimensional plots for creating the RF LOS; design parameters representing the height and location for each traffic light depending on K-factor of the area
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4,799
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Please write an abstract with title: Stabilizing the Strength of Solders in LGA Electronic Assembly by Different Design of Pads and Using of Statistical Evaluation Methods, and key words: Temperature measurement, Force measurement, Temperature, Statistical analysis, Force, Humidity measurement, Process control. Abstract: The article describes the study of the strength of solders in LGA (Land grid array) assembly. The influence of the design of the pads of the boards on the strength of the solders is considered. The breaking force measurement was performed with a specialized intelligent measurement system. Statistical methods were used to analyze the breaking force of solders. Best design conclusions regarding solder strength are drawn and future research to obtain stable and strong solders is suggested.
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