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these periods. Thou art the Kalas. Thou art the Kashthas. Thou art the Lavas. Thou art the Matras. Thou art the Muhurtas and |
Days and Nights. Thou art the Kshanas.[181] Thou art the soil upon which the tree of the universe stands. Thou art the seed of |
all creatures [being of the form of that Unmanifest Chaitanya (consciousness) endued with Maya or illusion whence all |
creatures spring]. Thou art Mahattatwa. Thou art the sprout of Jiva, (being of the form of Consciousness which springs up after |
Mahattatwa). Thou art Sat or Effect. Thou art Asat or Cause. Thou art Manifest (being seizable by the senses). Thou art the |
Father. Thou art the Mother. Thou art the Grandfather. Thou art the door to Heaven (because of thy identity with Penances). |
Thou art the door of the generation of all creatures (because of thy identity with desire). Thou art the door of Emancipation |
(because of thy identity with the absence of Desire which alone can lead to the merging into Brahman). Thou art those acts of |
righteousness which lead to the felicity of heaven. Thou art Nirvana (or that cessation of individual or separate existence which |
is Emancipation). Thou art the gladdener (who gives all kinds of joy to every creature). Thou art that region of Truth (to which |
they that are foremost in righteousness attain). Thou art superior to even that region of Truth which is attainable by the |
righteous. Thou art he who is the creator of both the deities and the Asuras. Thou art he who is the refuge of both the deities |
and the Asuras. Thou art the preceptor of both the deities and the Asuras (being as thou art of the form of both Vrihaspati and |
Sukra). Thou art he who is ever victorious. Thou art he who is ever worshipped by the deities and the Asuras. Thou art he who |
guides the deities and the Asuras even as the Mahamatra guides the elephant. Thou art the refuge of all the deities and the |
Asuras. Thou art he who is the chief of both the deities and the Asuras (being as thou art of the form of both India and |
Virochana). Thou art he who is the leader in battle of both the deities and the Asuras (being as thou art of the form of |
Karttikeya and Kesi, the leaders of the celestial and the Daitya armies). Thou art he who transcends the senses and shines by |
himself. Thou art of the form of the celestial Rishis like Narada and others. Thou art the grantor of boons unto the deities and |
Asuras (in the form of Brahman and Rudra). Thou art he who rules the hearts of the deities and the Asuras. Thou art he into |
whom the universe enters (when it is dissolved). Thus art the refuge of even him who is the ruler of the hearts of both the |
deities and the Asuras. Thou art he whose body is made up of all the deities.[182] Thou art he who has no Being superior to |
thee of whom to think. Thou art he who is the inner soul of the deities. Thou art he who has sprung from his own self. Thou art |
of the form of immobile things. Thou art he who covers the three worlds with three steps of his. Thou art possessed of great |
learning. Thou art stainless. Thou art he who is freed from the quality of Rajas. Thou art he who transcends destruction. Thou |
art he in whose honour hymns should be sung. Thou art the master of the irresistible elephant represented by Time. Thou art of |
the form of that lord of Tigers who is worshipped in the country of the Kalingas.[183] Thou art he who is called the lion among |
the deities (in consequence of the pre-eminence of thy prowess). Thou art he who is the foremost of men. Thou art endued with |
great wisdom. Thou art he who first takes a share of the offerings in sacrifice. Thou art imperceptible. Thou art the sum-total of |
all the deities. Thou art he in whom penances predominate. Thou art always in excellent Yoga. Thou art auspicious. Thou art |
armed with the thunder-bolt. Thou art the source whence the weapons called Prasas have taken their origin. Thou art he whom |
thy devotees attain to in diverse ways. Thou art Guha (the celestial generalissimo). Thou art the supreme limit of felicity.[184] |
Thou art identical with thy creation. Thou art he who rescues thy creatures from death (by granting them Emancipation). Thou |
art the cleanser of all including Brahma himself. Thou art of the form of bulls and other horned animals. Thou art he who is |
fond of mountain summits. Thou art the planet Saturn. Thou art Kuvera, the chief of the Yakshas. Thou art complete |
faultlessness. Thou art he who inspires gladness. Thou art all the celestials united together. Thou art the cessation of all things. |
Thou art all the duties that appertain to all the modes of life. Thou art he who has an eye on his forehead. Thou art he who |
sports with the universe as his marble ball. Thou art of the form of deer. Thou art endued with the energy that is of the form of |
knowledge and penance. Thou art the lord of all immobile things (in the form of Himavat and Meru). Thou art he who has |
subjugated his senses by various regulations and vows. Thou art he whose objects have all been fulfilled. Thou art identical |
with Emancipation. Thou art different from him whom we worship. Thou hast truth for thy penances. Thou art of a pure heart. |
Thou art he who presides over all vows and fasts (in consequence of thy being the giver of their fruits). Thou art the highest |
(being of the form of Turiya). Thou art Brahman. Thou art the highest refuge of the devotees. Thou art he who transcends all |
bonds (being Emancipate). Thou art freed from the linga body. Thou art endued with every kind of prosperity. Thou art he who |
enhances the prosperity of thy devotees. Thou art that which is incessantly undergoing changes.' |
"I have thus, 'O Krishna, hymned the praises of the illustrious Deity by reciting his names in the order of their importance. Who |
is there that can hymn the praises of the lord of the universe, that great Lord of all who deserves our adorations and worship |
and reverence, whom the very gods with Brahma at their head are unable to praise and whom the Rishis also fail to sing? |
Aided, however, by my devotion to him, and having received his permission, I have praised that Lord of sacrifices, that Deity |
of supreme puissance, that foremost of all creatures endued with intelligence. By praising with these names that enhance one's |
auspiciousness of the great lord of blessedness, a worshipper of devoted soul and pure heart succeeds in attaining to his own |
self. These names constitute a hymn that furnishes the best means of attaining to Brahman. With the aid of this hymn one is |
sure to succeed in attaining to Emancipation. Rishis and the deities all praise the highest deity by uttering this hymn. Hymned |
by persons of restrained soul Mahadeva becomes gratified with those that hymn his praises so. The illustrious deity is always |
full of compassion towards his devotees. Endued with omnipotence, he it is that gives Emancipation to those that worship him. |
So also, they among men that are foremost, that are possessed of faith and devotion hear and recite for others and utter with |
reverence the praises of that highest and eternal Lord viz. Isana, in all their successive lives and adore him in thought, word, |
and deed, and adoring him thus at all times, viz. when they are lying or seated or walking or awake or opening the eyelids or |
shutting them, and thinking of him repeatedly, become objects of reverence with all their fellowmen and derive great |
gratification and exceeding joy. When a creature becomes cleansed of all his sins in course of millions of births in diverse |
orders of being, it is then that devotion springs up in his heart for Mahadeva. It is through good luck alone that undivided |
devotion to Bhava who is the original cause (of the universe) fully springs up in the heart of one that is conversant with every |
mode of worshipping that great Deity.[185] Such stainless and pure devotion to Rudra, that has singleness of purpose and that |
is simply irresistible in its course, is seldom to be found among even the deities, and never among men. It is through the grace |
of Rudra that such devotion arises in the hearts of human beings. In consequence of such devotion, men, identifying themselves |
wholly with Mahadeva, succeed in attaining to the highest success. The illustrious Deity who is always inclined to extend his |
grace towards them that seek him with humility, and throw themselves with their whole soul upon him rescues them from the |
world. Except the great Deity who frees creatures from rebirth, all other gods constantly nullify the penances of men, for men |
have no other source of puissance that is as great as these.[186] It was even thus Tandi of tranquil soul, resembling Indra |
himself in splendour, praised the illustrious Lord of all existent and non-existent things,--that great Deity clad in animal skins. |
Indeed, Brahma had sung this hymn in the presence of Sankara. Thou art a Brahmana (being conversant with Brahman and |
devoted to those that are conversant with Brahman). Thou shalt, therefore, comprehend it well. This is cleansing, and washes |
away all sins. This confers Yoga and Emancipation and heaven and contentment. He who recites this hymn with undivided |
devotion to Sankara succeeds in attaining to that high end which is theirs that are devoted to the doctrines of the Sankhya |
philosophy. That worshipper who recites this hymn daily for one year with singleness of devotion succeeds in obtaining the |
end that he desires. This hymn is a great mystery. It formerly resided in the breast of Brahma the Creator. Brahma imparted it |
unto Sakra. Sakra imparted unto Mrityu. Mrityu imparted it unto the Rudras. From the Rudras Tandi got it. Indeed Tandi |
acquired it in the region of Brahman as the reward of his severe austerities. Tandi communicated it to Sukra, and Sukra of |
Bhrigu's race communicated it to Gautama. Gautama in his turn, O descendant of Madhu, communicated it to Vaivaswata- |
Manu. Manu communicated it unto Narayana of great intelligence, numbered among the Sadhyas and held exceedingly dear by |
him. The illustrious Narayana, numbered among the Sadhyas and possessed of glory that knows no diminution, communicated |
it to Yama. Vaivaswat Yama communicated it to Nachiketa. Nachiketa, O thou of Vrishni's race, communicated to |
Markandeya. From Markandeya, O Janarddana, I obtained it as the reward of my vows and fasts. To thee, O slayer of foes, I |
communicate that hymn unheard by others. This hymn leads to heaven. It dispels disease and bestows long life. This is worthy |
of the highest praise, and is consistent with the Vedas.' |
"Krishna continued, 'That person, O Partha, who recites this hymn with a pure heart observing the vow of Brahmacharyya, and |
with his senses under control, regularly for one whole year, succeeds in obtaining the fruits of a horse-sacrifice. Danavas and |
Yakshas and Rakshasas and Pisachas and Yatudhanas and Guhyakas and snakes can do no injury to him.'" |
SECTION XVIII |
"Vaisampayana said, 'After Vasudeva had ceased to speak, the great Yogin, viz. the Island-born Krishna, addressed |
Yudhisthira, saying,--O son, do thou recite this hymn consisting of the thousand and eight names of Mahadeva, and let |
Maheswara be gratified with thee. In former days, O son, I was engaged in the practice of severe austerities on the breast of the |
mountains of Meru from desire of obtaining a son. It is this very hymn that was recited by me. As the reward of this, I obtained |
the fruition of all my wishes, O son of Pandu. Thou wilt also, by reciting this same hymn, obtain from Sarva the fruition of all |
thy wishes.--After this, Kapila, the Rishi who promulgated the doctrines that go by the name of Sankhya, and who is honoured |
by the gods themselves, said,--I adore Bhava with great devotion for many lives together. The illustrious Deity at last became |
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