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however, through the merits of those acts that I have attained to this region of felicity. I also gave away ten and then seven
crores of steeds, O Grandsire, each of green complexion, each having ears that were dark, and each adorned with garlands of
gold. I also gave away ten and seven thousand elephants of huge size, of teeth as large as plough-shares, each having those
whorls on its body which are called Padmas, and each adorned with garlands of gold. I gave away ten thousand cars, O
Grandsire, whose limbs were made of gold, and which were adorned with diverse ornaments of gold. I also gave away seven
thousand other cars with steeds yoked unto each. All the steeds that were yoked unto them were adorned with ornaments of
gold. Those cars represented the Dakshinas of a sacrifice and were of exactly that kind which is indicated in the Vedas. In the
ten great Vajapeya sacrifices that I performed, I gave away a thousand horses each endued with the puissance of Indra himself,
judged by their prowess and the sacrifices they had performed. Spending a vast sum of money, O Grandsire, and performing
eight Rajasuya sacrifices, I gave away (unto the Brahmanas that officiated in them) a thousand kings whose necks were
adorned with garlands of gold, after having vanquished them in battle. It is not, however, through the merits of those acts that I
have attained to this region. In those sacrifices, O Lord of the universe, the presents that flowed from me were as copious as the
stream of Ganga herself. Unto each Brahmana I gave two thousand elephants decked with gold, as many steeds adorned with
golden ornaments, and a hundred villages of the best kind. Verily, I gave these unto each Brahmana for three times in
succession. Observant of penances, subsisting on regulated diet, adopting tranquillity of soul, and restraining speech, I dwelt
for a long time on the breast of Himavat by the side of that Ganga whose irresistible current (as it fell from heaven) was borne
by Mahadeva on his head. It is not through the merit of these acts, O Grand sire, that I have attained to this region. Throwing
the Sami, I adored the gods in myriads of such sacrifices as are completed in course of a single day, and such others as take
twelve days for completing, and others still as can be completed in three and ten days, besides many Pundarikas. I have not
attained to this region through the merits of any of those sacrifices.[456] I gave unto the Brahmanas eight thousand white-
complexioned bulls, each graced with a beautiful hump, and each having one of its horns covered with gold. Unto them I also
gave beautiful wives whose necks were adorned with chains of gold. I also gave away large heaps of gold and wealth of other
kinds. Verily, I gave away hills of gems and precious stones. Villages, numbering by thousands and teeming with wealth and
corn, were also given away by me. With all my senses about me, I gave away unto the Brahmanas a hundred thousand kine
each of whom had brought forth only her first calf, at many great sacrifices which I performed. It is not, however, through the
merits of those acts that I have attained to this region. I adored the deities in a sacrifice that is completed in eleven days. Twice
I adored them in sacrifices that are completed in twelve days. I adored them also many a time in the horse-sacrifices. Six and
ten times I performed the Arkayana sacrifice. It is not through the merits of those acts that I have attained to this region. I also
gave unto each Brahmana a forest of Kanchana trees extending for a Yojana on every side, and with each tree adorned with
jewels and gems. It is not through the merits of that act that I have attained to this region. For thirty years, with heart perfectly
freed from wrath, I observed the Turayana vow that is possessed of very superior merit, and gave away unto the Brahmanas
every day nine hundred kine. Indeed, O Lord of the universe, every one of those kine belonged to the Rohini species, and
yielded milk at the time I gave them away. It is not through the merits of those acts, O chief of the deities, that I have attained
to this region. I worshipped thirty fires, O Brahmana, every day. I adored the deities in eight sacrifices in which the fat of all
animals was poured on the fire. I adored them in seven sacrifices in which the fat of human beings was poured on the fire. I
adored them in a thousand and twenty-eight Viswajit sacrifices. It is not through the merits of those sacrifices O Lord of all the
deities, that I have attained to this region. On the banks of Sarayu and Vahuda and Ganga as also in the woods of Naimisha, I
gave away millions of kine unto the Brahmanas. It is not through the merits of those acts that I have attained to this region. The
vow of fast had been known to Indra. He had, however, kept it a secret. Sukra, the descendant of Bhrigu, obtained a knowledge
of it by means of spiritual sight acquired through penances. Blazing with energy as he does, it is Usanas who first made it
known to the universe. I observed that vow, O boon giving Deity! When I accomplished that very superior vow, the Brahmana
became all gratified with me. A thousand Rishis came thither. All those Brahmanas and Rishis, O puissant lord, gratified with
me, said, 'Do thou repair to the region of Brahmana! It is in consequence of the merits of that vow that I have succeeded in
attaining to this region of very superior felicity. There is no doubt in this. Asked by the Supreme Ordainer of all things, I have
duly expounded the merits of the vow of fast. In my opinion, there is no penance higher than fast. I vow to thee, O foremost of
all the deities! Be thou propitious unto me!'
"Bhishma continued, 'King Bhagiratha, who had said so and who deserved every honour was on the conclusion of his speech,
honoured by Brahman according to the rites ordained for that purpose. Do thou, therefore, O Yudhishthira, observe the vow of
fast and worship the Brahmanas every day. The words uttered by Brahmanas can accomplish everything both here and
hereafter. Indeed, the Brahmanas should ever be gratified with gifts of robes food and white complexioned kine and good
dwelling houses and mansions. The very deities should gratify the Brahmanas. Freeing thyself from cupidity, do thou practise
this vow of very superior merit that is not known to all!'"
SECTION CIV
"Yudhishthira said, 'Man, it is said, is endued with a period of life extending for a hundred years, and with energy and might
that are considerable. Why then, O grandsire, do human beings die even when they are very young? By what does a man
become endued with longevity, and by what is his life shortened? Through what does a man acquire the fame that rests upon
great achievements? Through what does one attain to wealth and prosperity? Is it by penances, or Brahmacharya, or silent
recitation of sacred Mantras, or drugs? Is it by his acts, or speech? Do thou explain to me this, O grandsire!'
"Bhishma said, 'I shall tell thee what thou askest me. In fact, I shall tell thee what the reason is for which one becomes
shortlived, and what the reason is for which one becomes endued with longevity. I shall also explain to thee the reason for
which one succeeds in acquiring the fame that rests on great achievements, and the reason for which one succeeds in acquiring
wealth and prosperity. Indeed, I shall enlighten thee as to the manner in which one must live in order to be endued with all that
is beneficial for him. It is by conduct that one acquires longevity, and it is by conduct that one acquires wealth and prosperity.
Indeed, it is by conduct that one acquires the fame that rests upon great achievements both here and hereafter. The man whose
conduct is improper or wicked never acquires a long life. All creatures become afraid of such a man and are oppressed by him.
If, therefore, one wishes one's own advancement and prosperity, one should, in this world, betake to conduct that is proper and
good. Good conduct succeeds in dispelling the inauspiciousness and misery of even one that is sinful.[457] Righteousness has
conduct for its indication. They that are good and righteous are so in consequence of the conduct they follow. The indications,
again, of good conduct are afforded by the acts of those that are good or righteous. People esteem that man who acts
righteously and who does good acts even if they only hear of him without actually seeing him. They that are atheists, they that
are destitute of all acts, they that are disobedient to preceptors and transgress the injunctions of the scriptures, they that are
unacquainted with and, therefore, unobservant of duties, and they that are wicked of conduct, become shortlived. They that are
of improper behaviour, they that transgress all restraints, they that are unscrupulous in respect of sexual congress, become
shortlived here and have to go to Hell hereafter. Even those men live for a hundred years who, though destitute of all
accomplishments, betake themselves to propriety and righteousness of conduct and become endued with faith and freed from
malice. He that is free from wrath, that is truthful in speech, that never does any injury to any creature in the universe, that is
divested of malice and crookedness and insincerity, succeeds in living for a hundred years. He who always breaks little clods of
earth, or tears up the grass that grows under his feet, or cuts off his nails with his teeth, or is always impure, or very restless,
never succeeds in acquiring a long life.[458] One should wake up from sleep at the hour known as the Brahma Muhurta and
then think of both religion and profit. Getting up from bed, one should then wash one's face and mouth, and joining one's hands
in an attitude of reverence, say the morning prayers.[459] In this way, one should when evening comes, say one's evening
prayers also, restraining speech (with other people) the while. One should never look at the rising sun, nor at the setting
sun.[460] Nor should one look at the sun when he is in eclipse; nor at his image in the water; nor at midday when he is at the
meridian. The Rishis, in consequence of their adoring the two twilights with great regularity succeeded in attaining to
longevity. Hence, one should, restraining speech, say one's prayers regularly at the two twilights. As regards those Brahmanas
that do not say their prayers at the two twilights, a righteous king should set them to accomplish such acts as are ordained for
the Sudras. Persons of every order should never have sexual congress with other people's wives. There is nothing that shortens
life so effectually as sexual congress with other people's wives. For as many thousand years shall the adulterer have to live in
Hell as the number of pores on the bodies of the women with whom he may commit the offence. One should dress one's hair,
apply collyrium to one's eyes, and wash one's teeth, as also worship the deities, in the forenoon. One should not gaze at urine or
faeces, or tread on it or touch it with one's feet. One should not set out on a journey at early dawn, or at midday, or in the
evening twilight, or with a companion that is unknown, or with a Sudra, or alone. While going along a road, one should,
standing aside, always make way to a Brahmana, to kine, to kings, to an old man, to one that is weighted with a burden, to a
woman quick with child, or to one that is weak. When one meets a large tree that is known, one should walk round it. One
should also, when coming upon a spot where four roads meet, walk round it before pursuing one's journey. At midday, or at
midnight, or at night in general, or at the two twilights, one should not proceed to spots where four roads meet. One should