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and chaste women. Do thou, O grandsire, discourse to me on this.'
"Bhishma said, 'Once on a time, in the celestial regions, a lady named Sumana of Kekaya's race addressing Sandili possessed of
great energy and conversant with the truth relating to everything and endued with omniscience, said, 'By what conduct, O
auspicious lady, by what course of acts, hast thou succeeded in attaining to heaven, purged of every sin? Thou blazest forth
with thy own energy like a flame of fire. Thou seemest to be a daughter of the Lord of stars, come to heaven in thy own
effulgence. Thou wearest vestments of pure white, and art quite cheerful and at thy ease. Seated on that celestial chariot, thou
shinest, O auspicious dame, with energy multiplied a thousandfold. Thou hast not, I ween, attained to this region of happiness
by inconsiderable penances and gifts and vows. Do thou tell me the truth'. Thus questioned sweetly by Sumana, Sandili of
sweet smiles, addressing her fair interrogatrix, thus answered her out of the hearing of others, I did not wear yellow robes; nor
barks of trees. I did not shave my head; nor did I keep matted locks on my head. It is not in consequence of these acts that I
have attained to the status of a celestial. I never, in heedlessness, addressed any disagreeable or evil speech to my husband. I
was always devoted to the worship of the deities, the Pitris, and the Brahmanas. Always heedful I waited upon and served my
mother-in-law and father-in-law. Even this was my resolution that I should never behave with deceit. I never used to stay at the
door of our house nor did I speak long with anybody. I never did any evil act; I never laughed aloud; I never did any injury. I
never disclosed any secret. Even thus did I bear myself always. When my husband, having left home upon any business, used
to come back, I always served him by giving him a seat, and worshipped him with reverence. I never ate food of any kind
which was unknown to my husband and at which my husband was not pleased. Rising at early dawn I did and caused to be
done whatever was brought about and required to be accomplished for the sake of relatives and kinsmen. When my husband
leaves home for going to a distant place on any business, I remain at home engaged in diverse kinds of auspicious acts for
blessing his enterprise. Verily, during the absence of my husband I never use collyrium, or ornaments; I never wash myself
properly or use garlands and unguents, or deck my feet with lac-dye, or person with ornaments. When my husband sleeps in
peace I never awake him even if important business required his attention. I was happy to sit by him lying asleep. I never urged
my husband to exert more energetically for earning wealth to support his family and relatives. I always kept secrets without
disclosing them to others. I used to keep always our premises clean. That woman who with concentrated attention, adheres to
this path of duty, becomes the recipient of considerable honours in heaven like a second Arundhati.'
''Bhishma continued, 'The illustrious and highly blessed Sandili, of righteous conduct, having said these words unto Sumana on
the subject of woman's duties towards her husband, disappeared there and then. That man, O son of Pandu, who reads this
narrative at every full moon and new moon, succeeds in attaining to heaven and enjoying great felicity in the woods of
Nandana."
SECTION CXXIV
"Yudhishthira said, 'Which is of superior efficacy, Conciliation or Gifts? Tell me, O chief of Bharata's race, which of these two
is superior in point of efficacy.'
'Bhishma said, 'Some become gratified by conciliation, while others are gratified by gifts. Every man, according to his own
nature, affects the one or the other. Listen to me, O king, as I explain to thee the merits of conciliation, O chief of Bharata's
race, so that the most furious creatures may be appeased by it. In this connection is cited the ancient narrative of how a
Brahmana, who had been seized in the forest by a Rakshasa, was freed (with the aid of conciliation). A certain Brahmana,
endued with eloquence and intelligence, fell into distress, for he was seized in a lone forest by a Rakshasa who wished to feed
on him. The Brahmana, possessed of understanding and learning, was not at all agitated.' Without suffering himself to be
stupefied at the sight of that terrible cannibal, he resolved to apply conciliation and see its effect on the Rakshasa. The
Rakshasa, respectfully saluting the Brahmana so far as words went, asked him this question, 'Thou shalt escape, but tell me for
what reason I am pale of hue and so lean!' Reflecting for a brief space of time, the Brahmana accepted the question of the
Rakshasa and replied in the following well-spoken words'.
"The Brahmana said, 'Dwelling in a place that is distant from thy abode, moving in a sphere that is not thy own, and deprived
of the companionship of thy friends and kinsmen, thou art enjoying vast affluence. It is for this that thou art so pale and lean.
Verily, O Rakshasa, thy friends, though well-treated by thee, are still not well-disposed towards thee in consequence of their
own vicious nature. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Thou art endued with merit and wisdom and a well-regulated soul.
Yet it is thy lot to see others that are destitute of merit and wisdom honoured in preference to thyself. It is for this that thou art
pale and lean. Persons possessed of wealth and affluence much greater than thine but inferior to thee in point of
accomplishments are, verily, disregarding thee. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Though distressed through want of the
means of support, thou art led by the highness of thy soul to disregard such means as are open to thee for drawing thy
sustenance. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. In consequence of thy righteousness thou hadst stinted thyself for doing
good to another, This other, O righteous Rakshasa, thinks thee deceived and subjugated (by his superior intelligence). It is for
this that thou art pale and lean. I think, thou art grieving for those persons who with souls overwhelmed by the lust and wrath
are suffering misery in this world. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Though graced with the possession of wisdom, thou
art ridiculed by others who are entirely destitute of it. Verily, persons of wicked conduct are condemning thee. It is for this that
thou art pale and lean. Verily, some enemy of thine, with a friendly tongue, coming to thee behaved at first like a righteous
person and then has left thee, beguiling thee like a knave. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Thou art well-conversant with
the course of world's affairs. Thou art well-skilled in all mysteries. Thou art endued with capacity. Those who know thee to be
such do not yet respect and praise thee. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Staying in the midst of bad men engaged
together in some enterprise, thou hadst discoursed to them, dispelling their doubts. For all that they did not admit thy superior
merits. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Verily, though destitute of wealth and intelligence and Vedic lore, thou desirest
yet, with the aid of thy energy alone, to accomplish something great. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. It seems that
although thou art resolved to undergo severe austerities by retiring into the forest, yet thy kinsmen art not favourably inclined
towards this project of thine. It is this for that thou art pale and lean. Some neighbour of thine, possessed of great wealth and
endued with youth and handsome features, verily, covets thy dear spouse. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. The words
spoken by thee, even when excellent, in the midst of wealthy men, are not regarded by them as wise or well-timed. It is for this
that thou art pale and lean. Some dear kinsman of thine, destitute of intelligence though repeatedly instructed in the scriptures,
has become angry. Thou hast not succeeded in pacifying him. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Verily, some-body,
having first set thee to the accomplishment of some object desirable to thee is now seeking to snatch the fruit thereof from thy
grasp. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Verily, though possessed of excellent accomplishments and worshipped by all on
that account, thou art yet regarded by thy kinsmen as worshipped for their sake and not for thy own. It is for this that thou art
pale and lean. Verily, through shame thou art unable to give out some purpose in thy heart, moved also by the inevitable delay
that will occur in its accomplishment. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Verily, thou desirest, with the aid of thy
intelligence, to bring under thy influence, diverse persons with diverse kinds of understandings and inclinations. It is for this
that thou art pale and lean.[537] Destitute of learning, without courage, and without much wealth, thou seekest such fame as is
won by knowledge and prowess and gifts. Verily, it is for this that thou hast been pale and lean. Thou hast not been able to
acquire something upon which thou hast set thy heart for a long time. Or, that which thou seekest to do is sought to be undone
by somebody else. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Verily, without being able to see any fault on thy part, thou hast been
cursed by somebody. It is for this that thou art pale and lean.[538] Destitute of both wealth and accomplishments thou seekest
in vain to dispel the grief of thy friends and the sorrows of sorrowing men. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Beholding
righteous persons the domestic mode of life, unrighteous persons living according to the forest mode, and emancipated persons
attached to domesticity and fixed abodes, thou hast become pale and lean. Verily, thy acts connected with Righteousness, with
Wealth, and with Pleasure, as also the well-timed words spoken by thee, do not bear fruit. It is for this that thou art pale and
lean. Though endued with wisdom, yet desirous of living, thou livest with wealth obtained by thee in gift from somebody of
evil conduct. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Beholding unrighteousness increasing on every side and righteousness
languishing, thou art filled with grief. It is for this that thou art pale and lean. Urged by time thou seekest to please all thy
friends even when they are disputing and ranged on sides opposite to one another. It is for this that thou art pale and lean.
Beholding persons possessed of Vedic lore engaged in improper acts, and persons of learning unable to keep their senses under
control, thou art filled with grief. It is for this that thou art pale and lean.' Thus praised, the Rakshasa worshipped that learned
Brahmana in return, and making him his friend and bestowing sufficient wealth upon him in gift, let him off (without
devouring him).'"
SECTION CXXV