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gradually lead to that which is Supreme. The abhyasa or practice referred
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to in the second line is the practice of sama, dama, etc. I do not think
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that Telang's version of 8 and 9 brings out the meaning clearly.
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100. The sense is that when her individual soul became merged into the
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Supreme soul, she became identified with Brahman. This, was, of course,
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due to the knowledge of Kshetra as something separate from Kshetrajna.
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101. Their origin is Brahman or Truth. They live, dissociated from their
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origin, in consequence of their acts. When their acts cease, they return
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to and become merged in Brahman.
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102. i.e., that course of life which has for its object the acquisition
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of knowledge relating to the soul. This, of course, includes the
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knowledge that is needed for achieving identification with the Supreme
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Soul or Brahman.
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103. The specific characteristics of the five elements are, as frequently
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referred before, smell attaching to earth, sound to ether, taste, to
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water, etc. The deities referred to in the last verse are probably the
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senses.
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104. The total eleven is made up of the three qualities, the five
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elements, the group of organs and senses as one, egoism and understanding.
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105. Anyatha pratipannah is explained by Nilakantha as 'born in other
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orders'. Telang takes it as 'Behaving in a contrary way.' 'How can goats
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and sheep behave otherwise?' The sense seems to be that those born as
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goats, succeed in ascending upwards through the efficacy of the religious
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acts of the Brahmanas. By becoming sacrificial victims they regain their
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true position.
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106. Qualities abiding in Darkness etc, imply those qualities that are
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permanently attached to Darkness.
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107. Some texts read Santapah and not Sanghatah. The meaning then will be
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grief or sorrow.
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108. This may refer to the exposure of other people's weaknesses by
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tearing open their veils or covers.
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109. Vibhajanti implies enjoyments in this connection. Telang starts a
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needless objection to this word.
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110. 'From even a distance.' implies that upon even a cursory view;
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without even being examined minutely.
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111. What is said here is this: the three qualities exist in even the
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immobile objects of the universe. As regards Darkness, it predominates in
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them. As regards Passion, it dwells in such properties of theirs as
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pungency, sourness, sweetness, etc, which change with time or in
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consequence of cooking or through admixture. Their only properties are
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said to appertain to Goodness. Tiryagbhavagatam is explained by
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Nilakantha as adhikyam gatam. Telang thinks this is unwarrantable. His
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own version, however, of the first line is untenable. What can be the
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tiryagbhava or 'form of lower species' of immobile objects? Telang
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frequently forgets that Nilakantha represents a school of interpretation
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not founded by him but which existed from a time long anterior to him.
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112. 'Conjunctions' are evidently the periods joining the seasons, i.e.,
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the close of one season and the beginning of another.
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113. This probably implies that the mind, through the aid of the senses,
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enters into all things or succeeds in knowing them.
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114. The sense seems to be that through these one succeeds in taking
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birth as a Brahmana.
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115. A repetition occurs here of about 5 verses. The passage is evidently
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an interpolation originally caused by carelessness.
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116. Nilakantha explains that this implies that one should regard these
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as really undistinguished from the mind. Indeed, created by the mind
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itself, these should always be taken as having no real existence beyond
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the mind.
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117. 'That' here refers to the attenuation of all things by absorption
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into the mind.
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118. Gunagunam is treating the qualities as not qualities; i.e.,
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regarding bravery, magnanimity, etc, as really not merits, for these lead
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to pride. Ekacharyyam is ekantavasam, i.e., life in seclusion, or living
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without depending upon others. Anantaram is nirastasamastabheda or
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non-recognition of all distinctions. Some texts read Brahmamatah meaning
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'existing among Brahmanas'. Ekapadam sukham is samastasukhagarbham, i.e.,
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the source or fountain of all happiness.
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119. The two deities are Jiva and Iswara.
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120. The correct reading, in 53 seems to be samsargabhiratam and not
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samsayabhiratam.
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121. In the second line, the correct words are martya and sarva. The
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sense of the second line seems to be that this body is ceaselessly
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revolving, for Emancipation is difficult to achieve. Hence this body is,
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as it were, the wheel of Time. Nilakantha's explanation does not seem to
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be satisfactory.
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122. I do not think that Telang is correct in his version of this verse.
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What is said here seems to be this. The body is, as it were the wheel of
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