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all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | so she gets there and there 's this much . she 's going to leave 10/12 of this amount for the next pirate . the next pirate comes along , takes 3/12 , leaves 9/12 of this for the following pirate , and on , and on , and on we go until we get to the last few pirates . | what is the format of amc 10 ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . | why the matrices are inversed instead of dividing ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . | why the matrices are inversed instead of dividing ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | that one 's pretty easy , just knocks out another factor of 2 . next one comes along , takes 7/12 , leaves 5/12 . and we know what 5 times 7 times 55 is now . | 1950 is n't divisible by 12 so how can that be the correct solution to the problem ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | that 's going to work out just fine . and gon na leave 5/6 of this amount . leaving 5/6 of this gives us factor of 5 there , but it 's going to take away another factor of 2 , another factor of 3 . | is n't it evident that in the way we 've solved the problem , each person would by default take an integer amount ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | we 're going to be chipping away at these powers of 2 and 3 . we just do n't ever want to end up with a fractional number of coins . next pirate comes along . | why is n't there a math is cool tab ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | but 11 factorial is not any of these choices . so we can simplify this fraction . we can take out all the factors of 2 and 3 from this 11 factorial and see what 's left . | what does k mean on the fraction and the kth ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | if you just choose x is 12 to the 11th , well , this will just come out to be an integer . but 11 factorial is not any of these choices . so we can simplify this fraction . | what does the factorial sign mean ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . | how old was potatoe when i said my favorite color was clear ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | next one comes in and takes away 8/12 , leaving 4/12 of this mess . so leaving 1/3 , leaving 1925 times 2 to the fifth times 3 squared . whew . | if x was just 2^19*3^7 , the answer would be 1925 , and if that 's what the 12th pirate recieves , 1925 is obviously an integer , so why does he still have to check ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | but let 's go ahead and simplify this fraction . the number of 2 's in 11 factorial , the number of factors of 2 , you get 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 . that 's 5 . | in why can you take out all the factors of 2 and three ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | so that 's going to throw another factor of 3 back in , but take two factors of 2 away . so this is how many coins we have left . then the next one comes in and takes 1/3 . | how many full moons can be in a year ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | well , that 's what we want to figure out . how much does the last pirate receive ? so we want to figure out what the value of this expression is . | how many coins does the 12th pirate receive ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | so one way to check your answer is just to work it through . let x be 2 to the 14th times 3 to the seventh . and then see if each pirate gets a positive whole number of coins . | how did you know that x=2^14*3^7 ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . | what is the guy drawing on ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pirate is finished . third pirate 's going to take 3/12 of whatever 's left after the second pirate finished , and on , and on , and on . | why take such a long route from 12th pirate to 1st pirate ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | we 're going to be chipping away at these powers of 2 and 3 . we just do n't ever want to end up with a fractional number of coins . next pirate comes along . | why is it so that if we select any n regularly spaced integers then there would be exactly one integer among them which would be divisible by n ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . | how do you sign up if you are from scotland ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | so we want to figure out what the value of this expression is . we can write this a lot shorter as x times 11 factorial over 12 to the 11th . and we want to figure out what this is . | how did you simplify the 11 factorial over 12 to the 11th ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | well , that 's what we want to figure out . how much does the last pirate receive ? so we want to figure out what the value of this expression is . | why does each pirate receive a different amount of coins ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | four factors of 3 up there . 11 down there . that leaves 3 to the seventh . | how did 11 factorial get simplified to 11*5^2*7 ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . | what does the `` k '' stand for ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | and the number of coins that was in the chest is the smallest number of coins for which it 's possible for each pirate to get , a positive number of coins , a positive whole number of coins using this process . we 're going to start with x because x marks the spot . x is the number of coins that was in the chest at the... | what is the difference between function f ( x ) and equation ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . | if the circular picnic area is 150 feet across , what is the square footage of the damaged area ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . | why do llamas eat cheese ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | but let 's go ahead and simplify this fraction . the number of 2 's in 11 factorial , the number of factors of 2 , you get 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 . that 's 5 . | what is the seven for ? |
all right . what we 've got here are 12 pirates . they 're going to divide out a treasure chest of gold . and here 's how they 're going to do it . first pirate 's going to come along , take 1/12 of the gold that 's in the chest . second pirate 's going to come along , take 2/12 of whatever 's left after the first pira... | we just do n't ever want to end up with a fractional number of coins . next pirate comes along . he gets to take 2/12 , 1/6 of this . | so which pirate received the most loot ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . | what is a `` rational number '' ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | give myself a little bit more real estate to work in . now , we have negative 1/6 plus negative 1/2 . now , we can view this as being the same thing as -- just to clarify , right now the negative is in front of the entire 1/6 , the negative 's in front of the entire 1/2 . | if we have one fraction with a negative numerator plus a fraction with a negative denominator , do we simply pretend that both fractions have negative numerators ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | now let 's go over here . so we have negative 1.3 times negative 2 . well , if you multiply a negative times a negative , we 're going to get a positive , and we 're going to get a positive 1/3 times 2 . | sal says that the negative sign can be placed next to the numerator and it would be the same as placing in front of the whole fraction , but would it be the same as placing the negative sign on the denominator ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . | first of all what is eureka math ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | we can rewrite it as negative 1/6 . and then the second fraction , we can write it as something over 6 . well , to go from 2 to 6 , we have to multiply by 3 . | is a fraction rational or irrational ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | and the whole reason why i did this is so we can simplify what the negatives are right now only in our numerator . so whenever we add two fractions , we want to have the same denominator . and we see that 6 is already a multiple of 2 , so we could leave this first fraction the way it is . | how can you tell what the integer will me when multiplying , adding , subtracting , and dividing fractions ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | so let 's also multiply the numerator by 3 , negative 1 times 3 is negative 3 . so if i have negative 1/6 sixth and i add to that negative 3/6 , this is going to be negative 1 plus negative 3 sixths , which is equal to negative 4/6 . now , let 's see if we can simplify it . | how does a negative plus a negative equal a positive ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . | where do babies come from ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . | what is a rational number ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | and 3 times 1 is positive 3 . negative 2 over 3 ? well , that 's the same thing as negative 2/3 . | why is the second problem equal -2/3 should n't it be positive because a negative plus a negative equals a positive ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | both negative 4 -- i guess we can say both four and six are divisible by 2 , so let 's divide them both by 2 . and in the numerator , we 're left with negative 4 divided by 2 is negative 2 . 6 divided by 2 is 3 . | if the numerator of a fraction is negative , does n't it mean that the fraction itself is negative not just the numerator ? |
we have four different expressions here , and what i want you to do is think about which of these expressions are equal to negative 2/3 . and i encourage you now to pause this video , and try this on your own . so let 's go to this first expression right over here . i have 1/9 , and i 'm going to add to that 5/9 . so h... | so , yes , this thing in green is equal to negative 2/3 . now let 's go over here . so we have negative 1.3 times negative 2 . | how long does pi go on for ... ... ... ..can yall gim me the numbers for as long as yall know them ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | and that 's really describing how 18 , two , and nine relate to each other . two nines is 18 , or nine twos is 18 , or if i were to divide 18 into two groups , each group would have nine . or if i were to divide into groups of two , you would have nine groups . any way you look at it , 18 divided by two is nine , nine ... | if you 're multiplying two intagers how do you divide one digets ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | 0 , do n't you just invert from division sign to multiplication sign and multiply ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | is division multiple subtraction like multiplication ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | so first we do the divide and then the multiplication ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | 10 times five is 50 , so 50 divided by five is going to be 10 . hopefully you see the relationship here . if 50 divided by five is 10 , then 10 times five is 50 . | why is the relationship between multiplication and division important ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | how is 50 and 5 a multiplication and a divison problem at the same time ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? | or is it just that i have to pay more attention to the symbols when doing problems ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | well we know what nine times two is , that is 18 , so this must be 18 . 18 divided by two is nine . and that 's really describing how 18 , two , and nine relate to each other . | what is 28.5 divided by 5 ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | and that 's really describing how 18 , two , and nine relate to each other . two nines is 18 , or nine twos is 18 , or if i were to divide 18 into two groups , each group would have nine . or if i were to divide into groups of two , you would have nine groups . | how is 18 divide by 2 =9 ? |
let 's say someone walks up to you on the street and says to you , 50 divided by five , 50 divided by five is equal to blank , is equal to blank . how can you think about this as a multiplication problem ? well , whatever blank is , whatever blank is , if you multiply it by five , if you multiply by five , you should ... | how do i know that ? well , five times 10 , five times 10 , five times 10 , is equal to 50 . is equal to 50 . | so if i say 30 divide 3 , the answer will be 10 , too ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | maybe he 's initially attached to the antibody -- and break him up , take pieces of this pathogen and attach it to mhc ii proteins and then present them on the surface . so a b cell will also present the antigen . so this is also an mhc ii complex -- a major histocompatibility complex -- and just so you know , histo me... | when the antigen is presented is it still harmful to the cell ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | you 'll see these mhc ii , these are what are recognized by helper t cells . it 'll all form part of the puzzle of how our immune system works . so in the next video , i 'll talk about mhc i presenting cells , which is pretty much all body cells . | is there a limit to how many viruses/bacteria etc , that an average immune system can effectivly respond to ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | and that 's what i always find amazing about b cells is that they come from the same genetic line , their genes have been shuffled around in their development so that they can produce billions of combinations of these proteins , or the variable ends of their antibodies . so let 's say we have some virus . let me say it... | for instance may a person have so many polyclonal memory cells or 'activated ' cells for let 's say the epstein-barr virus or the cytomegalo virus that there are not enough resources left for other pathogens ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let me write this down . this is an mhc class ii protein . it might seem like i 'm really going into the minutiae of what these proteins are , but we 're going to see this is key for activating other parts of the immune system , especially the cell mediated parts of the immune system . | what is the difference between mhc 1 and mhc 2 ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | it 'll engulf the pathogen . so let 's say this is the phagocyte . somehow one of their receptors touches one of the proteins that 's on the surface of this bacteria in this case and says , gee , that 's not a good thing to have around and so it 'll engulf it . | can a bacteria take over a phagocyte from the inside after it is devoured by the phagocyte ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | this is what they do for a living , although they do other things , as we 've seen . the phagocytes eat things . the b cells generate antibodies or memories so that they can later be activated to generate antibodies , but these are called professional antigen presenting cell . | do phagocytes ever accidentally eat other normal phagocytes ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let 's say we have a b cell and it 's got its membrane bound antibody on it . remember , it 's very specific to that b cells . so all of the membrane bound antibodies , all 10,000 or so of them on this b cell , they all expressed the same variable part . | so are b cells just like specific phagocytes then ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | i do n't know what type of bacteria or virus or protein you are , but in either case , they both engulf them , take pieces of them , cut them up , and present them on their surface in a complex with the major histocompatibility complexes . so cells that do this are called professional antigen presenting cells . this is... | and also , what 's the difference between professional and non-professional antigen presentation ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let me write this down . this is an mhc class ii protein . it might seem like i 'm really going into the minutiae of what these proteins are , but we 're going to see this is key for activating other parts of the immune system , especially the cell mediated parts of the immune system . | can you explain the ags that mhc i vs. mhc ii deal with ( exogenous vs. endogenous ) ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | and so these -- the variable ends of these membrane bound antibodies are specific to certain parts of certain pathogens , to certain epitopes . remember , epitopes were the parts of certain pathogens that these specific chains can recognize and bond to . so let 's say that we 're dealing with a virus in this situation ... | is endogenous related to viruses and intracellular pathogens and exogenous more pathogens that live independently ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | can a pathogen infiltrate a phagocyte ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | the b cells generate antibodies or memories so that they can later be activated to generate antibodies , but these are called professional antigen presenting cell . and the antigen in question is this little piece of the actual thing that you 're trying to track , that little piece -- the actual part of the pathogen , ... | is pathogen and antigen the same thing ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | it 's professional because it takes pathogens from in the fluid of our system and then engulfs them , breaks them up , and then presents them . now there are also nonprofessional antigen presenting cells . and in fact , most cells are this . | what is the difference between antigen and antibody ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | that 's that part of the pathogen that binds to our variable sequencer . it wo n't bind to this b cell or this b cell because they have different sequences here , but it binds to this b cell and then that starts the activation process . we 'll go into -- sometimes this by itself can get the b cell activated , but you n... | i might not be wording this question right but how is there already a b cell with the correct sequences for any kind of virus it my come in contact with ( 5 ) if it never had been introduced to the body before ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let me write this down . this is an mhc class ii protein . it might seem like i 'm really going into the minutiae of what these proteins are , but we 're going to see this is key for activating other parts of the immune system , especially the cell mediated parts of the immune system . | why does the epitelial thymus cells have big levels of mhc ii expression ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | that 's that part of the pathogen that binds to our variable sequencer . it wo n't bind to this b cell or this b cell because they have different sequences here , but it binds to this b cell and then that starts the activation process . we 'll go into -- sometimes this by itself can get the b cell activated , but you n... | how does a b-cell distinguish an antigen presenting cell from a pathogen if only the antibody binds to the epitope ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let 's say we have a b cell and it 's got its membrane bound antibody on it . remember , it 's very specific to that b cells . so all of the membrane bound antibodies , all 10,000 or so of them on this b cell , they all expressed the same variable part . | why does the b-cells not engulf another b-cells ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | i do n't know what type of bacteria or virus or protein you are , but in either case , they both engulf them , take pieces of them , cut them up , and present them on their surface in a complex with the major histocompatibility complexes . so cells that do this are called professional antigen presenting cells . this is... | do b cells immediately start producing plasma and memory cells after they take in their antigen which bound to a pathogen ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | but the interesting thing is that the b cell will also do what the phagocytes do . the b cell will also take this guy into the cell . maybe he 's initially attached to the antibody -- and break him up , take pieces of this pathogen and attach it to mhc ii proteins and then present them on the surface . | what would happen if a larger , multi-cell pathogen , like a parasite , would come into the body ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | i do n't know what type of bacteria or virus or protein you are , but in either case , they both engulf them , take pieces of them , cut them up , and present them on their surface in a complex with the major histocompatibility complexes . so cells that do this are called professional antigen presenting cells . this is... | would multiple white blood cells attack it ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | i do n't know what type of bacteria or virus or protein you are , but in either case , they both engulf them , take pieces of them , cut them up , and present them on their surface in a complex with the major histocompatibility complexes . so cells that do this are called professional antigen presenting cells . this is... | so , professional antigen presenting cells can be either b-cells ( specifically , memory b-cells ) and phagocytes ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | and this is essentially the topic of this video . so let 's say they bond to that special protein , bond to that special protein . and then those proteins get transported or get to the membrane or the outer surface of the cell and they present themselves along with the piece of the pathogen . | how come randomly scanning < 20 amino acids allows for a definite judgement on whether the digested protein was self vs non-self ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | i do n't know what type of bacteria or virus or protein you are , but in either case , they both engulf them , take pieces of them , cut them up , and present them on their surface in a complex with the major histocompatibility complexes . so cells that do this are called professional antigen presenting cells . this is... | are b cells activated when the antigen attaches or after the antigen gets engulfed ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | but the interesting thing is that the b cell will also do what the phagocytes do . the b cell will also take this guy into the cell . maybe he 's initially attached to the antibody -- and break him up , take pieces of this pathogen and attach it to mhc ii proteins and then present them on the surface . | is this humoral or cell mediated immunity ( cmi ) ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | maybe he 's initially attached to the antibody -- and break him up , take pieces of this pathogen and attach it to mhc ii proteins and then present them on the surface . so a b cell will also present the antigen . so this is also an mhc ii complex -- a major histocompatibility complex -- and just so you know , histo me... | the b-cell ingests the antigen , digests it and displays a part of it on mhc ii on its plasma membrane before cloning itself , correct ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | it 's professional because it takes pathogens from in the fluid of our system and then engulfs them , breaks them up , and then presents them . now there are also nonprofessional antigen presenting cells . and in fact , most cells are this . | would they then also be considered to be professional antigen presenting cells ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | that 's that part of the pathogen that binds to our variable sequencer . it wo n't bind to this b cell or this b cell because they have different sequences here , but it binds to this b cell and then that starts the activation process . we 'll go into -- sometimes this by itself can get the b cell activated , but you n... | how does the phagocyte or b cell know which segment of virus or bacterial protein to attach on the mhcii complex ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | so this whole thing gets engulfed by the b cell . and then when it gets activated , it proliferates itself and you normally need the t cells there and some part of them become plasma b cells , some part of them become memory b cells . remember , the plasma b cells say , gee , i 've been activated . i 'm just going to p... | can b cells be activated by macrophages and the rest ( i forgot the name ) ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | so this whole thing gets engulfed by the b cell . and then when it gets activated , it proliferates itself and you normally need the t cells there and some part of them become plasma b cells , some part of them become memory b cells . remember , the plasma b cells say , gee , i 've been activated . i 'm just going to p... | the plasma b cells are the same as the cells that replicate the igs ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | the b cells generate antibodies or memories so that they can later be activated to generate antibodies , but these are called professional antigen presenting cell . and the antigen in question is this little piece of the actual thing that you 're trying to track , that little piece -- the actual part of the pathogen , ... | so the antigen is the piece of the pathogen ( 6 ) ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | i do n't know what type of bacteria or virus or protein you are , but in either case , they both engulf them , take pieces of them , cut them up , and present them on their surface in a complex with the major histocompatibility complexes . so cells that do this are called professional antigen presenting cells . this is... | are effector cells from the last video the same as plasma cells ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | and then some subset of the leftovers , particular chains of the peptides -- and remember , proteins are long chains of amino acids . polypeptides are short chains . so you take short chains of those and they 're going to bond to special proteins . | are polypeptides short chains of amino acids , or short chains of protiens ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | and we said , once this happens , once you get activated or the activation process starts , this guy actually gets engulfed -- and i did n't talk about that in the last video just because i did n't want to go into too much detail . so this whole thing gets engulfed by the b cell . and then when it gets activated , it p... | are plasma cells and effector cell both same ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | and so these -- the variable ends of these membrane bound antibodies are specific to certain parts of certain pathogens , to certain epitopes . remember , epitopes were the parts of certain pathogens that these specific chains can recognize and bond to . so let 's say that we 're dealing with a virus in this situation ... | are antigens and pathogens the same ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | it does n't know what type of pathogen it is , but that 's enough for the phagocyte . it 'll engulf the pathogen . so let 's say this is the phagocyte . | is an antigen the pathogen after it is broken up ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | maybe he 's initially attached to the antibody -- and break him up , take pieces of this pathogen and attach it to mhc ii proteins and then present them on the surface . so a b cell will also present the antigen . so this is also an mhc ii complex -- a major histocompatibility complex -- and just so you know , histo me... | why exactly do the b lymphocytes present antigens ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | i do n't know what type of bacteria or virus or protein you are , but in either case , they both engulf them , take pieces of them , cut them up , and present them on their surface in a complex with the major histocompatibility complexes . so cells that do this are called professional antigen presenting cells . this is... | i thought that the sole purpose of presenting antigens was to mark the cell for destruction by t lymphocytes and the body would not want to destroy its own cells , right ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | so if we have a b cell -- that 's a good color . b for blue . we know b stands for bursa , but it could stand for bone marrow just as well . let 's say we have a b cell and it 's got its membrane bound antibody on it . | if the phagocytes engulf and destroy all pathogens and threats to our body then why do we need b- lymphocytes as well ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | i do n't know what type of bacteria or virus or protein you are , but in either case , they both engulf them , take pieces of them , cut them up , and present them on their surface in a complex with the major histocompatibility complexes . so cells that do this are called professional antigen presenting cells . this is... | i do n't understand why the b cells and killer t cells engulf the bacteria/virus , is n't this the job of the phagocytes ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | remember , the plasma b cells say , gee , i 've been activated . i 'm just going to produce a ton of these antibodies . so the plasma b cell will just produce tons of these antibodies and start spitting them out so that they can attach to more and more of that pathogen and just mess them up in different ways , either t... | are n't the lymphocytes only supposed to produce antibodies , not engulf ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | and this is essentially the topic of this video . so let 's say they bond to that special protein , bond to that special protein . and then those proteins get transported or get to the membrane or the outer surface of the cell and they present themselves along with the piece of the pathogen . | sal said that peptides are shorter than protein , but what is the scale difference ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | and this is essentially the topic of this video . so let 's say they bond to that special protein , bond to that special protein . and then those proteins get transported or get to the membrane or the outer surface of the cell and they present themselves along with the piece of the pathogen . | is it like a protein 30 times longer than a peptide ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let me write this down . this is an mhc class ii protein . it might seem like i 'm really going into the minutiae of what these proteins are , but we 're going to see this is key for activating other parts of the immune system , especially the cell mediated parts of the immune system . | where does the protein that binds to the antigen to form the mhc come from ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let me write this down . this is an mhc class ii protein . it might seem like i 'm really going into the minutiae of what these proteins are , but we 're going to see this is key for activating other parts of the immune system , especially the cell mediated parts of the immune system . | could anyone give me an in-depth explanation of the main differences between mhc i and mhc ii ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let me write this down . this is an mhc class ii protein . it might seem like i 'm really going into the minutiae of what these proteins are , but we 're going to see this is key for activating other parts of the immune system , especially the cell mediated parts of the immune system . | so basically the antibodies are produced by plasma cells and not by mhc class 2 right ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | that 's that part of the pathogen that binds to our variable sequencer . it wo n't bind to this b cell or this b cell because they have different sequences here , but it binds to this b cell and then that starts the activation process . we 'll go into -- sometimes this by itself can get the b cell activated , but you n... | how does the naive b cell `` phagocyte '' the pathogen ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | so this whole thing gets engulfed by the b cell . and then when it gets activated , it proliferates itself and you normally need the t cells there and some part of them become plasma b cells , some part of them become memory b cells . remember , the plasma b cells say , gee , i 've been activated . i 'm just going to p... | will the b-cells also functioning as apcs give rise to plasma and memory cells ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | but the interesting thing is that the b cell will also do what the phagocytes do . the b cell will also take this guy into the cell . maybe he 's initially attached to the antibody -- and break him up , take pieces of this pathogen and attach it to mhc ii proteins and then present them on the surface . | how can a t cell be naive ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | this is what they do for a living , although they do other things , as we 've seen . the phagocytes eat things . the b cells generate antibodies or memories so that they can later be activated to generate antibodies , but these are called professional antigen presenting cell . | so if the phagocytes take the pathogens and break them up into peptides is the same peptide always presented ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let me write this down . this is an mhc class ii protein . it might seem like i 'm really going into the minutiae of what these proteins are , but we 're going to see this is key for activating other parts of the immune system , especially the cell mediated parts of the immune system . | if the breaking up of the protein is random would n't it mean that there were a lot of variations to what is presented by the mhc 2 ? |
in the very first immunology video , where we talked about nonspecific defense mechanisms , we said if we had some type of a pathogen -- let 's say it 's a bacteria -- that our phagocytes can recognize either proteins on the bacteria or maybe it was some other type of pathogen -- some other marker on the pathogen . it ... | let me write this down . this is an mhc class ii protein . it might seem like i 'm really going into the minutiae of what these proteins are , but we 're going to see this is key for activating other parts of the immune system , especially the cell mediated parts of the immune system . | what kind of bond will there be between the class ii mhc and the peptides ? |
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