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abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. an abortion that occurs without intervention is known as a miscarriage or "spontaneous abortion"; these occur in approximately 30% to 40% of all pregnancies. when deliberate steps are taken to end a pregnancy, it is called an indu... |
in law, an abstract is a brief statement that contains the most important points of a long legal document or of several related legal papers. types of legislation the abstract of title, used in real estate transactions, is the more common form of abstract. an abstract of title lists all the owners of a piece of land, a... |
the american revolutionary war (april 19, 1775 – september 3, 1783), also known as the revolutionary war or american war of independence, was the military conflict of the american revolution in which american patriot forces under george washington's command defeated the british, resulting in the treaty of paris (1783) ... |
the ampere ( , ; symbol: a), often shortened to amp, is the unit of electric current in the international system of units (si). one ampere is equal to 1 coulomb moving past a point in 1 second, or electrons' worth of charge moving past a point in 1 second. it is named after french mathematician and physicist andré-mari... |
in mathematics and computer science, an algorithm () is a finite sequence of rigorous instructions, typically used to solve a class of specific problems or to perform a computation. algorithms are used as specifications for performing calculations and data processing. more advanced algorithms can use conditionals to di... |
an annual plant is a plant that completes its life cycle, from germination to the production of seeds, within one growing season, and then dies. the length of growing seasons and period in which they take place vary according to geographical location, and may not correspond to the four traditional seasonal divisions of... |
the anthophytes are a paraphyletic grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. the group, once thought to be a clade, contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the gnetales and the extinct bennettitales. detailed morphological and molecular s... |
an atlas is a collection of maps. atlas may also refer to: mythology atlas (mythology), an ancient greek titanic deity atlas, the first legendary king of atlantis atlas of mauretania, a legendary king places united states atlas, california atlas, illinois atlas, texas atlas, west virginia atlas, wisconsin atlas distric... |
mouthwash, mouth rinse, oral rinse, or mouth bath is a liquid which is held in the mouth passively or swirled around the mouth by contraction of the perioral muscles and/or movement of the head, and may be gargled, where the head is tilted back and the liquid bubbled at the back of the mouth. usually mouthwashes are an... |
alexander iii of macedon (; 20/21 july 356 bc – 10/11 june 323 bc), commonly known as alexander the great, was a king of the ancient greek kingdom of macedon. he succeeded his father philip ii to the throne in 336 bc at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout ... |
alfred habdank skarbek korzybski (, ; july 3, 1879 – march 1, 1950) was a polish-american independent scholar who developed a field called general semantics, which he viewed as both distinct from, and more encompassing than, the field of semantics. he argued that human knowledge of the world is limited both by the huma... |
asteroids is a space-themed multidirectional shooter arcade video game designed by lyle rains and ed logg released in november 1979 by atari, inc. the player controls a single spaceship in an asteroid field which is periodically traversed by flying saucers. the object of the game is to shoot and destroy the asteroids a... |
asparagales (asparagoid lilies) is an order of plants in modern classification systems such as the angiosperm phylogeny group (apg) and the angiosperm phylogeny web. the order takes its name from the type family asparagaceae and is placed in the monocots amongst the lilioid monocots. the order has only recently been re... |
the alismatales (alismatids) are an order of flowering plants including about 4,500 species. plants assigned to this order are mostly tropical or aquatic. some grow in fresh water, some in marine habitats. perhaps the most important food crop in the order is the corm of the taro plant, colocasia esculenta. description ... |
the apiales are an order of flowering plants. the families are those recognized in the apg iii system. this is typical of the newer classifications, though there is some slight variation and in particular, the torriceliaceae may also be divided. under this definition, well-known members include carrots, celery, parsley... |
asterales () is an order of dicotyledonous flowering plants that includes the large family asteraceae (or compositae) known for composite flowers made of florets, and ten families related to the asteraceae. while asterids in general are characterized by fused petals, composite flowers consisting of many florets create ... |
an asteroid is a minor planet—an object that is neither a true planet nor a comet—that orbits within the inner solar system. they are rocky, metallic or icy bodies with no atmosphere. sizes and shapes of asteroids vary significantly, ranging from 1-meter rocks to a dwarf planet almost 1000 km in diameter. of the roughl... |
an allocution, or allocutus, is a formal statement made to the court by the defendant who has been found guilty prior to being sentenced. it is part of the criminal procedure in some jurisdictions using common law. concept an allocution allows the defendant to explain why the sentence should be lenient. in plea bargain... |
an ( ; medieval latin for "he has declared under oath") is a written statement voluntarily made by an affiant or deponent under an oath or affirmation which is administered by a person who is authorized to do so by law. such a statement is witnessed as to the authenticity of the affiant's signature by a taker of oaths,... |
aries is one of the constellations of the zodiac. it is located in the northern celestial hemisphere between pisces to the west and taurus to the east. the name aries is latin for ram. its old astronomical symbol is (♈︎). it is one of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd century astronomer ptolemy, and remains on... |
aquarius is an equatorial constellation of the zodiac, between capricornus and pisces. its name is latin for "water-carrier" or "cup-carrier", and its old astronomical symbol is (♒︎), a representation of water. aquarius is one of the oldest of the recognized constellations along the zodiac (the sun's apparent path). it... |
is hand-drawn and computer-generated animation originating from japan. outside japan and in english, anime refers specifically to animation produced in japan. however, in japan and in japanese, (a term derived from a shortening of the english word animation) describes all animated works, regardless of style or origin. ... |
asterism may refer to: asterism (astronomy), a pattern of stars asterism (gemology), an optical phenomenon in gemstones asterism (typography), (⁂) a moderately rare typographical symbol denoting a break in passages see also aster (disambiguation) asterisk (disambiguation) |
ankara ( , ; ), historically known as ancyra and angora, is the capital of turkey. located in the central part of anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and 5.7 million in ankara province, making it turkey's second-largest city after istanbul, but first by the urban area (2,767 km2). ser... |
arabic (, ; , or ) is a semitic language spoken primarily across the arab world. having emerged in the 1st century ad, it is named after the arab people; the term "arab" was initially used to describe those living in the arabian peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient greece. since the 7th century, arabic h... |
sir alfred joseph hitchcock (13 august 1899 – 29 april 1980) was an english film director, screenwriter, producer and editor. he is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema. in a career spanning six decades, he directed over 50 feature films, many of which are still widely watched... |
anacondas or water boas are a group of large snakes of the genus eunectes. they are found in tropical south america. four species are currently recognized. description although the name applies to a group of snakes, it is often used to refer only to one species, in particular, the common or green anaconda (eunectes mur... |
altaic () is a controversial proposed language family that would include the turkic, mongolic and tungusic language families and possibly also the japonic and koreanic languages. the hypothetical language family has long been rejected by most comparative linguists, although it continues to be supported by a small but s... |
austrian german (), austrian standard german (asg), standard austrian german (), austrian high german (), or simply just austrian (), is an official and standard variety of standard high german written and spoken in austria and italian south tyrol. it has the highest sociolinguistic prestige locally, as it is the varia... |
in mathematics, the axiom of choice, abbreviated ac or aoc, is an axiom of set theory equivalent to the statement that a cartesian product of a collection of non-empty sets is non-empty. informally put, the axiom of choice says that given any collection of sets, each containing at least one element, it is possible to c... |
attila ( or ; ), frequently called attila the hun, was the ruler of the huns from 434 until his death, in march 453. he was also the leader of an empire consisting of huns, ostrogoths, alans, and bulgars, among others, in central and eastern europe. during his reign, he was one of the most feared enemies of the western... |
the aegean sea is an elongated embayment of the mediterranean sea between europe and asia. it is located between the balkans and anatolia, and covers an area of some . in the north, the aegean is connected to the marmara sea, which in turn connects to the black sea, by the straits of the dardanelles and the bosphorus, ... |
a clockwork orange is a dystopian satirical black comedy novel by english writer anthony burgess, published in 1962. it is set in a near-future society that has a youth subculture of extreme violence. the teenage protagonist, alex, narrates his violent exploits and his experiences with state authorities intent on refor... |
amsterdam ( , , ; literally, "the dam on the river amstel") is the capital and most populated city of the netherlands, with the hague being the seat of government. it has a population of 921,402 within the city proper, 1,457,018 in the urban area and 2,480,394 in the metropolitan area. located in the dutch province of ... |
the museum of work (arbetets museum) is a museum located in norrköping, sweden. the museum is located in the strykjärn (clothes iron), a former weaving mill in the old industrial area on the motala ström river in the city centre of norrköping. the former textile factory holmens bruk (sv) operated in the building from 1... |
audi ag () is a german automotive manufacturer of luxury vehicles headquartered in ingolstadt, bavaria, germany. a subsidiary of the volkswagen group, audi produces vehicles in nine production facilities worldwide. the origins of the company are complex, dating back to the early 20th century and the initial enterprises... |
an aircraft (: aircraft) is a vehicle that is able to fly by gaining support from the air. it counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or the dynamic lift of an airfoil, or, in a few cases, direct downward thrust from its engines. common examples of aircraft include airplanes, helicopters, airships (in... |
alfred bernhard nobel ( , ; 21 october 1833 – 10 december 1896) was a swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist. he is known for creating dynamite as well as having bequeathed his fortune to establish the nobel prize. he also made several important contributions to science, holding 355 patent... |
alexander graham bell (, born alexander bell; march 3, 1847 – august 2, 1922) was a scottish-born inventor, scientist and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. he also co-founded the american telephone and telegraph company (at&t) in 1885. bell's father, grandfather, and brother had all... |
anatolia, also known as asia minor, is a large peninsula in west asia and is the western-most extension of continental asia. the land mass of anatolia constitutes most of the territory of contemporary turkey. geographically, the anatolian region is bounded by the turkish straits to the north-west, the black sea to the ... |
apple inc. is an american multinational technology company headquartered in cupertino, california. , apple is the world's biggest company by market capitalization, and with the largest technology company by 2022 revenue. , apple is the fourth-largest personal computer vendor by unit sales; the largest manufacturing com... |
aberdeenshire (; ) is one of the 32 council areas of scotland. it takes its name from the county of aberdeen, which has substantially different boundaries. the aberdeenshire council area includes all of the area of the historic counties of aberdeenshire and kincardineshire (except the area making up aberdeen city counc... |
aztlan underground is a band from los angeles, california that combines hip-hop, punk rock, jazz, and electronic music with chicano and native american themes, and indigenous instrumentation. they are often cited as progenitors of chicano rap. background the band traces its roots to the late-1980s hardcore scene in the... |
the american civil war (april 12, 1861 – may 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the united states between the union ("the north") and the confederacy ("the south"), formed by states that had seceded from the union. the cause of the war was the dispute over whether slavery would be permitted to expa... |
andy warhol (; born andrew warhola jr.; august 6, 1928 – february 22, 1987) was an american visual artist, film director, producer, and leading figure in the pop art movement. his works explore the relationship between artistic expression, advertising, and celebrity culture that flourished by the 1960s, and span a vari... |
alp arslan, born muhammad bin dawud chaghri, was the second sultan of the seljuk empire and great-grandson of seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty. he greatly expanded the seljuk territory and consolidated his power, defeating rivals to the south and northwest, and his victory over the byzantines at the battle ... |
the american film institute (afi) is an american nonprofit film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the united states. afi is supported by private funding and public membership fees. leadership the institute is composed of leaders from the film, entertainment, bus... |
was a japanese filmmaker and painter who directed 30 films in a career spanning over five decades. he is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential filmmakers in the history of cinema. kurosawa displayed a bold, dynamic style, strongly influenced by western cinema yet distinct from it; he was involved ... |
ancient egypt was a civilization in northeast africa situated in the nile valley. ancient egyptian civilization followed prehistoric egypt and coalesced around 3100bc (according to conventional egyptian chronology) with the political unification of upper and lower egypt under menes (often identified with narmer). the h... |
analog brothers were an experimental hip hop band featuring tracy "ice-t" marrow (ice oscillator) on keyboards, drums and vocals, keith "kool keith" thornton (keith korg) on bass, strings and vocals, marc live (marc moog) on drums, violins and vocals, christopher "black silver" rodgers (silver synth) on synthesizer, la... |
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